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APE COD
^EW JERSEY
WISCONSIN
OREGON
WASHINGTON

One o( the Selections from the U. S. D. A. Cranberry Breeding Project. Story on page 6,
Picture taken March 1947 (berries actual size). (Cranberries Photo)

May, 1947

30 cents

n

'^f.

Here's the News About Our 52nd Year!

Growers Cranberry Company recently completed the most successful
year in all its 52-year history. Its sales more than doubled its previous
largest year.

It handled about sixty-five per cent of all the cranberries produced in
the state of New Jersey, and at the lowest cost to the growers in its his-
tory.

The Company Js^.^ueetnT'oTvits sound management, thrifty mutual oper-
ation, and ituwg than adeq^Jate strength to meet future obligations and
contii^g^l^A

'-■ Growers Cranberry Company, Inc.

i\i»

iz:2L

PEMBERXON, NEW JERSEY
\

1akis%

WISCONSIN CRANBERRY SALES CO.

"DELIVERS THE GOODS"

AT ALL TIMES

ASK THE CRANBERRY GROWER

WHO IS A MEMBER

HE KNOWS!

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

WISCONSIN RAPIDS - - - WISCONSIN

STRETCHING

THE SEASON

National advertising of Ocean
Spray Cranberry Sauce, appearing
in Woman's Home Companion, Bet-
ter Homes & Gardens, This Week,
and American Weekly — is reaching
23,000,000 consumers.

No longer need cranberry grow-
ers worry about selling their berries
before Christmas. Cooperative pro-
cessing has brought to the cran-
berry industry a 12-month market
— and national advertising by your
cooperative is teaching women that
cranberries are just as good in
spring salads as they are in winter
pies.

Stretching the cranberry season
has been one of the worthwhile de-
velopments brought to the cran-
berry industry by the 900 members
of this national cooperative.

Pfcih «» iqp<inc w tlitl i>in<'
*'n«nb«r(y tulips" oiabt-Jdi'l
hit A\ a ''b««r rUninM Luruht
}>pnn£ wtddingi, Ot ibowi
"(rtiibotry hc«iU'' "top l>li
cp)e«(l wiUi (te«ii -tinted cicm
cfaoppcl niiti. . . Aud thu^e )><'
lie/iy chirli'" mv sotr lo pli
Blet«, anit Kra^n-ui

.<^li-

litlle

r^

t\.

O

clui^kcii 1- )<M«cd, IntU, ucHAitd — ri( witb
fbukcn sftlaJ. Oi pttrch Uifiu atup vanllta

AU thcM dclittout •li.'Utrs joii tiu tttAVt is ■
pB) mth rMdjKiiervp Otflan S)U») MU4tl
Cr;iul>nrr>' ^ufe and Uunti gay ylutu tuttcrs
I R«r4j>t4 i.frpie Mritb tb» cutters. I

IlKin^i lo t^-oft^aim procmt!i/r<^ Bow >«■ «o

»(WM alt B- «-n f.->W^ C<>(l«-<l t'C-i t.ofB'.

National Cranberry Association

The Growers* Cooperative with More Than 900 Members
in Every Cranberry Producing Area

Branches at:

Hanson, Massachusetts
Onset, Massachusetts
Plymouth, Massachusetts

North Harwich, Massachusetts
Dennis, Massachusetts
Bordentown, New Jersey
North Chicago. Illinois

Coquille, Oregon
Markham, Washington
Long Beach, Washington

SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY

ADAMS & GOULD

Lumber Dealers

"Everything Under Cover"
East Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 648

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Paints - Hardware

Russell A. Trufant

Plymouth Street
North Carver

Prefabricated Flumes
Corrugated Iron Pipe Culverts
Brookville Locomotives
West Virginia Rail

Also
Consultant on Canals, etc.

Tel. Carver 64-11

KROP-SAVER

brand

INSECTICIDES
FUNGICIDES

For the Cranberry Grower

CROP-SAVER

CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc.

3511 West Potomac Avenue

Chicago 51, Illinois

Cape & Vineyard
Electric Company

Offices :

Chatham

Falmouth
Hyannis

Vineyard Haven

EiUbliahed 1848

Hall 6? Cole

Incorporated

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

94 Paneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON. MASS.

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES
SPECIALTIES

Car Lot Receivers

The

National Bank

of

Wareham

Wareham, Mass.

MEMBER fCDCRAL DEPOSIT
INBUflANCK CORPORATION

Acushnet
Saw Mills Co.

GOOD
WOOD BOXES

Cranberry Growers

Order Harvest and

Shipping Boxes

New Bedford, Mass.

Est. 1866

Wood
County
National
Bank

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT
INSURANCE CORPORATION

Cranberry Growers:

WE ARE IN POSITION TC

SUPPLY YOU WITH YOUF

1947 CRANBERRY CON-

TAINERS

also

Good Quality

Wheeling Plank

Quotations on Request

F. H. COLE

North Carver, Mass.

Est. 1707
WOODEN BOX MFGR.

DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREHAM 162

. G. M. Packard & Go.

Hardware — Locksmiths
''or Maintenance Supplies

Serving

Western Cranberry

Growers

with

High Quality Products

Rotenone

Pyrethrum

Sabadilla

Nicotine

Copper Sprays

Oil Sprays

Lime Sulphur Solution

Miller Products Company

Portland 1, Oregon

H. R. Bailey Co.

South Carver
Massachusetts

USE DYNAMITE

The modern way to re-

love stumps, excavate
3cks, DIG CORES FOR
IKES, and other blasting
'ork in cranberry growing,
oeeds up work — reduces costs.

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.
in stock

ONSULT WITH US ON ANY
ORK YOU ARE PLANNING,
rained by Hercules Powder Co.

The

PLYMOUTH

NATIONAL BANK

Plymouth
Massachusetts

Member Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation

Middleborough
Trust Company

lLTON J. SMITH

High St., Hanson, Mass.

Tel. Bryantville 209-R-3

IRRIGATION

[or Cranberries

and
All Other Purposes

MIDDLEBORO
MASS.

Member of

The Fed,eral Deposit

Insurance Corporation

SKINNER SYSTEM
of IRRIGATION

Brookline, Mass.

Established 30 years

Morris April Bros.

Bridgeton - Tuckahoe
New Jersey

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

Harvest

and

Shipping
Boxes

Extensive Experience in
ELECTRICAL WORK

At Scraenhousaa, Bofs and
Pumpa Meaoi Satisfaction

ALFRED PAPPI

WAItEHAM, MASS. Tal. 616

Jesse A. Holmes & Son

Carver, Mass.

Tel. Carver 10-3

Cape Cod Growers' Association Has Instructive Spring Meeting

Trade Exhibit is Popular
Feature — No Positive Ac-
tion on "Union" With
Cranberry Clubs

Cape Cod Cranberry Growers'
Association offered an ambitious
spring meeting for members and
other growers at Wareham Me-
morial Town Hall, April 30th,
which was attended by about 300.
Program was in two parts, a trade
exhibit in the forenoon and a busi-
ness and speaking program in the
afternoon. Proving of noticeably
special interest to the growers was
the exhibit of cranberry equipment
by 18 exhibitoi-s, indicating the im-
portance growers are placing upon
modern methods of bog building
and operation.

At noon there was a well-prc
pared roast beef luncheon, buffet
type, by New Bedford Public Mar-
ket, Russell Makepeace having

charge of this arrangement.

The business meeting was called
to order by President George E.
Short shortly after 2 p. m., and
after reports by officers the two
major matters were acted upon.
One was to change the by-laws so
that the annual meeting is to 'ce
held on the nearest Tuesday to
the 19th day of August instead of
the first Tuesday after the 19th, as
has always been the custom. The
change was made in consideration
of a request of U. S. Crop Report-
ing Service which makes its first
official release of the crop in pros-
pect at the time the Cape associ-
ation is in session, this being a
long-standing "courtesy" custom
to the industry.

Postpone Action on "Union"
On the most important business
matter, that of a "union" of tlie
CCCGA and the four Massachu-
setts cranberry clubs, the action
was a postponement of decision.

CONTROL...

Blunt-Nosed Leafhopper
Gypsy Moth Caterpillar
Blackheaded Fireworm

PYROCIDE DUST

• Quick-Kill

• Non-lirritating

• Non-Poisonous

• Economical

NON-POISONOUS

PYROCIDE
DUST

I IN KIllIM KWU

Beaton's Distributing
Agency, Inc.

WAREHAM. MASS.

Considerable discussion devel
oped concerning this and the act
ions of the cranberry clubs whicl
had all given consideration a'
previous meetings, in the man
postponement, or really negativi
action having been taken by them
Finally on motion of Russell Make
ppeace the matter was turned bad
to a special committee which in-
cluded, all clubs and the association
county agents and others in its
membership for further discussio
and new recommendations. Man;
were disappointed with the result:
of this earnest attempt for close;
cooperation between these cultural,
non-marketing organizations, and
good deal of thought had been pul
into plans by which this might Di
accomplished. Many others, howi
ever, seem to feel the groupi
should continue to function separ-
ately, as is the case at present.

One objective of the spring meet-
ing was to obtain more member
for CCCGA and this was successfu]
to some extent, more than 30 ne'
members being registered, thii
number being increased since,
New and. old members who desired
were given copies of the new anc
major bulletin, "Weather in Cran-
berry Culture", by Dr. H. J. Frank^
lin and Dr. Neil E. Stevens.
Exhibit

Although the day started ouft
with rain (which later cleared)
many began to come early to sec
the exhibits which were on display
in the basement of the building
and outside. Exhibitors numbered
18 and felt that their efforts were
amply repaid from the interest
shown. Items included all smali
equipment, a very good display oi
irrigation equipment, tractors
spray equipment, frost preventioi
machine, tile, pumps, flumes, anc
other items.

List

Exhibitors were H. F. Davii
Tractor Company, 1035 Common
wealth avenue, Boston; Frank E
Gregory, auto exchange, 107 No
Main street, Brockton; Russell K
Trufant, North Carver; Veg-Aert
Farms, Forestdale; Sempos Pro
ducts Company, East Wareham

(Continued on Pa^re 27)

Four

Issue of May, 1947 — Vol. 12, No. 1
Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription, $3.00 per year,
ntered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879.

RESH FROM THE FIELDS

By C J. H.

MASSACHUSETTS

April, judged from its effect up-
n next fall's cranberry produc-
on, would be put down as slight-
,' favorable, in the opinion of Dr.
'ranklin. Continued cool toward
le close and the first days of May,
owever, was not helping matters
ery much. Temperatures were
lightly above normal for the
lonth as a whole, in spite of the
jolness of its close. This was
ivorable for the quantity of ber-
es in prospect, but not so favor-
ble for the keeping quality.
Rainfall Up

Rainfall was heavy — 6.30 inches,
his assured plenty of water for
•ost troubles and water supplies
1 general are pretty well up.

There were but two frost warn-
igs sent out during the period,
he first was on the 22nd, but no
ijury was done, and the second
as for the 28th, with 18 being
irecast, which proved to be gen-
rally within a half degree of
ght. This caused no damage in
le principal cranberry area, but
lere was a slight injury to some
[owes up at the Lowell bog in
liddlesex County.

Fruitworm May Be Light

Bogs were greening up well as
[ay began, although growers of
aurse were still faced with the
dverse possibilities of the poor
ud showing. As concerns insects,
!r. Franklin said indications were
lat fruitworm might be light
gain this year, a definitely favor-
ble factor in itself if this proves
3 materialize as he hopes. First
eason he gives for this is that
ist year's extremely light infesta-
ion was a basic indication that the
allowing year should be light, and

second, the fact that April temper-
atures were above normal.

WISCONSIN

Crop prospects for 1947 indicate
that Wisconsin may expect about
a normal production, with the
"hedge" that a crop below is a
possibility, due to the rather light
budding throughout the state. Ac-
cording to Vernon Goldsworthy
there is further possibility that
oxygen damage having occurred
last fall and there are undoubtedly
some vines that were injured in
spring kill, probably more than
normal. Insect population is ex-
pected to be less than normal, be-
cause of the open winter through
most of the areas.

Labor situation for '47 will not
be as tight as it has been during
the war and last couple of years.
That definitely seems a brighter
prospect.

"Goldy", Sampson Leave

Vernon Goldsworthy and his as-
sistant and bookkeeper, Ralph
Sampson, left the Sales Company
in April to build and develop their
own properties in the northern part
of the state. "Goldy", however,
will return during June as consult-
ant entomologist and to help with
other problems. He will also be
hack in the harness for a month or
eo in October to help with the har-
vesting and shipping of the crop.
This is the first time in 14 years
that "Goldy" has not been almost
constantly active in the general
Wisconsin cranberry field, but even
though he is busy on his own prop-
erties he has offered to give any
assistance possible to growers who
may call on him for advice. Samp-

son is coming back the first part
of September to help with inspec-
tion and shipping and to assist
with growers' income tax reports.

"Goldy" Writing Text Book

Goldsworthy is also at work
writing a textbook on cranberry
growing, cultural practices and
marketing, and hopes to have it
published in the near future.

The GI Training School which
was held at the Rapids has closed
after a very successful course, and
there is considerable hope it may
be re-opened next fall, and this
may come about early in Novem-
ber.

NEW JERSEY

Temperature — The average daily
mean temperatures for April have
been almost exactly normal (51.7°)
at Pemberton. Growth on both
tranberries and blueberries has
been slow in starting, with blue-
berries two or three weeks behind
1945 and 1946 development.

F'recipitation — Precipitation was
frequent and rather light, being of
the typical April shower variety.
By the 24th, 2.45 inches had fallen,
which is % of an inch below the
normal monthly total.

Frosts — The first frost warning
of the season was sent out from
the Cranberry Laboratory on the
evening of April 22. Temperatures
as low as 19 degrees were reported
on cranberries. Temperatures in
blueberry fields generally did not
fall that low and no injury has ap-
peared.

Meetings — A Burlington County
Cranberry growers' meeting was
held at Pemberton on the evening

Five

Cranberry Breeding Investigation of the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture

F. B. CHANDLER, R. B. WILCOX, H. F. BATN, H. F. BERGMAN, and HAIG DERMEN (1)

1 ) F. B. Chandler, Research Profes-
sor. Mass. Cranberry Station, formerly
Horticulturist. U. S. D. A.; R. B. Wil-
cox. AsBociate Pathologist, U. S. D. A. :
H. F. Bain. Research Advisor for Biron
Cranberry Lake Development Co., Mid-
Cranberry Lake Dvelopment Co.. Mid-
west Cranberrv Co.. formerly Senior Pa-
thologist. U. S. D. A.: H. F. Bergman.
Senior Pathologist, U. S. D. A.: Haip
Dermen, Associate Cytologtst. U. S. D.
A. All of the authors are or have been
members of the staff of the Division of
Fruit and Vegetable Crops and Diseases.
Bureau of Plant Industry. Soils, and Ag-
ricultural Engineering. Agricultural Re-
search Administration. U. S. Department
of Agriculture. The crosses were made
bv Bain and Bergman; the false-blossom-
rosistance work was done by Wilcox,
later assisted by John M. Delap; the se-
lf ct ion work mostly by Chandler and
Biin : and the polyploidy work by Der-
men and Bain,

The authors wish to express their ap-
nreciation to the Agricultural Experiment
Stations in Massachusetts and New Jer-
sey, to the Wisconsin Department of
Agriculture, and to the Wisconsin Cran-
berry Sales Co.. for assistance in con-
ducting this program. Special acknow-
ledgement is due the New Jersey Experi-
ment Station for support of the cafeteria
tests in 1945.

The authors also wish to thank J. J.
Beaton Co., Biron Cranberrv Co.. Theo-
dore Budd & Son, Cape Cod Co.. Cutts
Bros.. A. D. Makepeace Co.. Pomona
Fruit Co.. J. J. White Inc. and Harold B.
Scammell for making acres of bog avail-
able for the first and ''or second test of
the seedlings ; and to the Wisconsin Con-
servation Department for greenhouse fa-
cilities for growing seedlings in Wis-
consin.

INTRODUCTION

The United States Department
of Agriculture, in cooperation with
the New Jersey and Massachu-
setts State Experiment Stations,
initiated a cranberi-y breeding pro-
ject in 1929, with the aim of orig-
inating varieties that would show
lesistance to the spread of false-
blossom disease and that would
produce large crops of superior
fruit. Under this program 10,685
seedlings of known parentage have
been grown from crosses made in
Wisconsin and Massachusetts. The
New Jersey Experiment Station
also crossed Early Black and Mc-
Farlin, and data on the 112 seed-
lings of that cross are included in
this paper. Approximately 1800
seedlings had fruited by 1940, at
which time some 40 selections were
made for a second test, 6 of them
being fi'om the N. J. cross. Since
then 5497 more have fruited, and
182 additional selections were made
in 1945. The best of these seed-
lings have been set in Massachu-
setts, New Jersey, and Wisconsin
for a second test.

New Jersey was chosen for the
first nursery study of the seedlings,
as false blossom spreads more rap-
idly there than in the other states.
This nursery was operated under
an agreement between the U. S.
Department of Agriculture, J. J.
White, Inc., and the New Jersey
Agricultural Experiment Station.
The bog was about 5 acres in
size and eventually was filled with
seedlings. In addition, the part
first set was cleared and replanted
with seedlings during the study.

The Wisconsin nursery was es-
tablished in 1939 as a four-party
cooperative project between the U.
S Department of Agriculture, the
Wisconsin Department of Agricul-
ture and Markets, the Wisconsin
Agricultural Experiment Station,
and the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales
Company, the last-named organi-
zation agreeing to finance develop-
ment and operational costs in a
separate contract with the Biron
Cranberry Co., near Wisconsin
Rapids, where the seedling marsh
is located. The purposes were (1)
to provide a suitable location for
running a second test on a large
number of seedlings that were un-
der unfavoi-able conditions in the
New Jersey nursery; (2) to test
New Jersey selections under Wis-
consin environmental conditions;
and (3) to test the tetraploid cran-
berries. Three or four vines from
900 of the 1800 seedlings growing
in the first block were set in 1939
,Tnd 1940. Approximately one-
third of these are still undergoing
tests. In 1944 and 1946 vines from
490 additional seedlings (including
the 1945 selections) were set in
Wisconsin. During this period 640
locally grown seedlings were added
to the nursery, making a total of
2030 seedlings and selections
{.'•rown in Wisconsin.

In Massachusetts, some seedlings
were set in the State Bog, and the
A. D. Makepeace Company also
built a bog in which about 1600
seedlings are being tested. The
youngest seedlings are in the
Makepeace bog, and selections
from these will probably be made
in 1947, 1948. and 1949,

METHODS OF BREEDING

Varieties that were known to 1
somewhat resistant to false bio
som were used for one or bo
parents in nearly all crosses. T
actual crossing- was done mostly
Wisconsin and Massachusetl
Seventeen varieties were used
parents in the breeding work i
Wisconsin and an attempt wa
made to make all of the cross*
both ways (reciprocal crosses]
for example. Early Black was use
as the female parent and McFarlj
as the male or pollen parent, an
the cross was also made the oth«.
way, using McFarlin as the femai
parent and Early Black as tl
male parent. In Massachuset
six varieties were used as pai'en
and an attempt was made to ui
each one as a female parent, wil
each of the other five as the ma
parents. This would give all po
sible crosses and reciprocals of tl
varieties used. A list of the suc
cessful crosses will be found i
Table 1.

Before the flowers opened i
the spring they were emasculate
and covered with cheesecloth (
glass bottles to prevent pollinatin
insects from contacting the flowei
and to prevent wind pollinatioi
Blossoms not pollinated by han
did not form berries. This ind
cates that the pollen, if wine
borne, was not passing throug
the cheesecloth. Several days la'
er, pollen was collected from th
male parent and transferred on th
thumbnail or a smooth instrumer
to the end of the pistil. The flow
ers were covered again after poll
nation and were kept covered ur
til the berries started to develoj
The seeds were removed from th
icsulting berries in January, Feb
luary, or March, and planted ini
mediately. The number of seed
developed in the hand-pollinate
berries was usually greater tha
in the open-opollinated ones. Th
seeds were germinated on sterilize'
agar in test tubes. When the plant
were 1 to IVa in. tall, two or thre
months old, they were transferrei
to a mixture of sand and peat ani
were kept in the greenhouse unti

they were a year old. The seed-
lings from the first crosses were
set 5x5 ft. in the bog in 1934.
Later crosses were planted in 1937,
and the last ones in 1943. About
8700 of the seedlings were set in
New Jersey since false blossom is
niost abundant there and spreads
most rapidly. While in the nurs-
ery, the runners were tucked into
the ground or cut off to prevent
mixing, and the berries were all
harvested to prevent the develop-
ment of volunteer seedlings.
See table 1
Method of Selecting Seedlings
in 1940

The "40 selections were made
after most of the 1800 plants in
the group had produced a pint or
more of berries for two or three
years in succession. All berries on
the plants were picked in 1938,
1939, and 1940 and were held for
three or four months to allow
storage disorders to develop. The
individual lots of berries were then
carefully hand-sorted, and records
were made of percentage of spoil-
age, berry shape, size (cup count),
color, and general appearance.
Meanwhile, the producing areas of
the seedlings had been measured,
and so it was possible to calculate
yields on a barrel-per-acre basis.

By using the two or three-year
records, three sets of tables were
constructed for each cross repre-
sented in the block of seedlings.
In one series of tables, the indi-
vidual seedlings were arranged in
order of average yields; in the
second series, in order of average
percentage of sound berries free
from spoilage for the two years;
in the third series, in order of gen-
eral appearance as determined by
placing small samples of berries
from every plant in small ti-ays
and arranging them while all
.samples were in view.

Each cross in turn was then
analyzed in the following manner:
The three rating-tables were placed
side by side, and the top plant in
the first table (the one giving the
yields) was sought in the other
two tables. If its position was
above the middle (or average) in
the other two tables, it was marked
for further consideration; if below
the middle in either, the plant was
discarded. Plant by plant, the first

TABLE 1.

Number of Cranberry Seedlings Set in Bogs, by Crosses and by
Number of Selections Made for the First Test

No. of

No. of

Seedlings

No.

of

Seedlings

No. of

Cross or Reciprocal

Set in

Selections*

Set in

Selections

N. J.

40

93

S

c

Mass.

•*

Early Black:

Aviator

517

0

156

2

Centennial

381

t

2

1

1

158

_

Howes

J28

6

0

2

0

—

McFarlin

1326

19

16

9

240

4

Paradise Meadow

:i6'l

t

1

1

119

_

Prolific

24

0

1

1

0

_

Searles

389

3

2

5

5

0

—

Shaw's Success

414

t

9

3

1

160

1

McFarlin:

*

Aviator

491

J

7

1

1

195

Bennett

230

1

0

1

0

Berry Berry

133

0

3

0

0

Centennial

444

0

12

6

4

137

Howes

323

0

3

3

0

HoUiston

(Mammoth)

147

0

0

1

0

McFarlin

31

0

0

0

Paradise Meadow

210

i

3

3

136

Potter

27

2

0

1

0

Prolific

246

5

0

3

0

Searles

311

?,

1

3

0

Shaw's Success

2S4

t

10

6

222

Stanley

162

0

0

1

0

Vose's Pride

162

0

4

2

0

Whittlesey

22

0

0

I

0

Paradise Meadow:

Aviator

247

t

2

2

3

—

Centennial

53

+

1

14

—

Shaw's Success

170

t

4

1

16S

4

Searl:

Howes

592

2

1

1

2

0

—

Searles

37

0

0

0

-

Shaw's Success :

Aviator

295

t

4

9

170

7

Centennial

232

J

8

6

1

116

1

Totals

8692

40

93

63

26

1993

19

Not fruitiuK in 1940 when the 40 selections were made.

40 refers to "40 selections" made in 1940. Second test of these selections re-
ported in Table 7.
93 refers to 93 selections made in 1945.
S refers to special selections made in 1945.
C refers to canning selections made in 1946.

A few selections made at the State Bog. fall 1946.
from the Makepeace nursery.

No selections were made

table was worked through in this
manner until the top 25 per cent
of the seedlings had been either
retained or rejected on the basis
of their ratings in the other two
tables. The second and third ta-
bles were then subjected to the
same type of analysis. The seed-
lings retained up to this stage, ac-
cordingly, rated near the top in
yield, keeping quality, or appear-
ance, and not below average in
the other two characters.

The relatively small number of
plants falling in this select group
were then checked for berry size,
vine type, date of ripening, and
other characteristics, and addition-
al eliminations were made of plants
unsatisfactory in any of these re-
spects. Finally, it was judged
that even the best plants in some

crosses were not promising enough
to justify further trial. At the
time the selections were made, Mr.
Wilcox had tested 143 of the more
promising seedlings for probable
false-blossom resistance by his
"cafeteria" method (described lat-
er), and 27 of the best seedlings
in this tested group were included
in the "40 selections."

As conducted, the method of se-
lection virtually limited the choices
to plants growing in favorable lo-
cations on the extremely variable,
nursery site. Because many seed-,
lings could not be fairly tested un-
der such conditions, cuttings from,
all plants in poor locations were,
transfen'ed to the Wisconsin nur-
sery and the plants retested under
the more uniform growing condi-
tions.

The above method of testing re-
sulted in the selection of 40 seed-
lings which were considered out-
standing, and these have been
called "the 40 selections." These
were included in the group set in
Wisconsin for a second test. The
40 selections were also set in rod-
square blocks at the J. J. White
Inc. bog and at Theodore Budd &
Son's bog in New Jersey, and later
at the State Bog in Massachusetts.
Early Black and Howes were in-
cluded in these tests for compar-
ison.

Method of Selecting Seedlings
in 1945

The following is the "step-by-
step" method of determining the
superior seedlings in the latest
group of selections. In August
1944 the yields of the 5497 seed-
lings that fruited were estimated
in relation to the uprights present.
As the seedlings from crosses
made in Wisconsin had been set
longer than those from Massachu-
setts the estimated yields were
consistently higher in the former
than in the latter. In each group
of crosses, the third of the seed-
lings with the greatest yield were
harvested. Some duplicate sam-
ples were taken and a total of
2301 samples were stored. The
amount of the harvest sample was
a pint, or all of the berries if a
seedling had less than a pint of
fi-uit. Each sample was marked
with the date of harvest and the
amount of immature berries at
hai-vest. The samples were stud-
ied in December and January. At
this time, records on 8"x5" cards
were made of color, gloss, shape,
cup count, ripening or coloring of
berries in storage, and relative
yield (see below). The steps in
the selection were as follows: (1)
The cards weie arranged from the
best color and gloss to the pooi'est,
iind the cards that represented the
seedlings with poor color or gloss
v/ere discarded. (2) The cards
were then arranged according to
shape, and the cards representing
the pointed berries were discarded.
(3) Next the cards were ar-
ranged according to cup count, and
the cards for the very large ber-
ries were set aside for a later se-
lection, and the cards for the small
bei'ries (over 125 per Vz pint cup),

were discarded. (4) The cards
for the seedlings that colored poor-
ly in storage were discarded. (5)
As there was considerable varia-
tion in the yield in different parts
of the bog, the yield in relation to
that of the surrounding seedlings
was considered, and the cards dis-
carded for the seedlings that had
a low relative yield. There was
very little rot in the seedling bog
in 1944, hence rot was not consid-
ered in making these selections.
The discarded cards were all
checked, and if a seedling was
found to be discarded on one un-
desirable factor yet had two or
more very desirable factors, it
was reconsidered, and on this ba-
sis a few cards were taken out of
the discard pile. This method of
harvesting and discarding eliminat-
ed about 5300 of the 5497 seedlings
that fruited. All the remaining
seedlings had good or excellent
color and gloss, and most of them
had good shape and good size, and
good to excellent yield in relation
to the surrounding plants.

In 1945, the seedlings that were
not eliminated the previous year
were staked for special observation
and harvest. During the season,
other seedlings were staked that
had not appeared promising the
year before. In all, about 300
seedlings were staked and har-
vested. Before harvesting, the
amount of rot and the yield of
berries was estimated. A study of
the value of the rot estimate
showed that the estimate was very
reliable.

New cards were made in lSt45,
independent of 1944, with the same
type of information as in the
previous year. Discarding was the
method again used to arrive at the
best seedlings. As rot was bad on
nearly all of the seedlings, those
having 90' r of rotten berries were
first eliminated. All of the named
varieties ( Early Black, Howes,
McFarlin, Aviator, Shaw's Success,
Centennial, Pride, Prolific, Stanley,
Bennett, Paradise Meadow, Searles,
Holliston (Mammoth), and Pot-
ter) planted in with the seedlings
had over 90'/;, and most of them
liad lOO'r rot. The cards for all
of the seedlings that had too much
false blossom to be used for a sec-
ond test were discarded, and the

cards representing seedlings with
intermediate amounts of infection
were kept in a "special group".
As before, the cards were sorted
and discarded for poor color, poor
gloss, and low relative yield, and,
in addition, cards indicating that
seedlings had twice as much rot as
the surrounding seedlings were dis-
carded. Cards indicating that a
seedling had only half as much rot
as the surrounding seedlings were
saved if the other characters were
favorable, as such seedlings were
considered to be rot-resistant,
Notes taken by Bain from the ber-
ries harvested in 1943 were studied
particularly for rot and yield.

Ripening of the berries aftei '
harvest, like other factors, variec j
greatly for the seedlings studied !
One of the seedlings selected fo |
canning ripened very little whei
picked immature, but ripened oi
the vines about September 25, am
had better than average yield o
berries of good shape and coloi
On the other hand, neai-ly a thin
of those that were selected fo
both fresh fniit and canning migh
be classed as good for ripening ii
storage and many may be classes
as fair for this characteristic.

The cards that were not discard
ed in 1944 or 1945 were then pu
together and studied. These card
represented 140 seedlings that ap
peared outstanding in 1944 am
1945. In 1945, the "cafeteria test
for susceptibility to false blossor
was applied to 362 of the seedling
that appeared best in 1944, an
those with high susceptibility ral
ings were discai'ded. This left 9
seedlings in the general group fo
the second fruiting test, while
few others were put in the specif
group.

Each of the 93 seedlings to b
tested has been set in three rar
(lomized locations in each bog t
overcome soil variability. Earl
Black, Howes, and Shaw's Succes
were added as checks. The test
are being made in two bogs in Ne'
Jersey (Theodore H. Budd & Soi
and Cutts Bros.) and in two bog
in Massachusetts (A. D. Makepeac
Co. and J. J. Beaton Co.). Th
same number of vines were set i
each location, so that the rate c
spread may be studied. Thef
plots will be obsei-ved to see whic

Eight

seedlings fruit cai'liest, which have
the greatest yiekl, disease resist-
ance, best season of ripening,
keeping quality, etc. It has al-
ready been mentioned that these
selections are also being tested in
Wisconsin.

The "special group" contained
33 seedlings that could not be used
in the general test because of in-
sufficient vines of good quality to
set the test plots. Two of these
seedlings were very outstanding,
and the others were exceptionally
good. Joseph Palmer of the Po-
mona Fruit Co., New Jersey, vol-
unteered to test these in addition
to about 50 of the 93 selections.

In addition, 26 seedlings have
been selected for canning to be set
in Massachusetts (Cape Cod Com-
pany and United Cape Cod Co.
These seedlings have high yield,
but do not have all the other char-
acteristics desirable for fresh
fruit. With them will be set a
number that have good yield and
have been included in the general
and special groups.

In Wisconsin, selections are be-
ing made in a somewhat different
manner from that followed in New-
Jersey; seedlings are being dis-
carded as soon as any undesirable
vine or berry characteristics are
detected. This greatly reduces the
number of plants on which it is
necessary to keep records.

(Continued in June)

r

TOP

Young cranberry seedlings which
had been in the seedling nursery
for three years. When the plants
were young the runners were
trained around the center to force
fruiting uprights.

CENTER

Old seedlings showing how the
runners were trained to fill the
.square. Runners which developed
later were cut off. Weeds which
grew in the path were kept mowed
with a lawn mower. The New Jer-
sey nursery had over 8V2 miles of
path.

LOWER

One of the outstanding seedlings
in 1944 and 194.5. Four of the
stakes were painted on the tip, rep-
resenting four promising charac-
ters recorded in 1944. The four
white stakes represent four or more
favorable characters pecked out by
four cranberry growers.

*JlSp»»'

,wSsbp^

Nitir

JOHN SHIELDS

Landscape Gardener Built a
Bog to Sell, but Became
Cranberry Grower Him-
self Instead — Just Elected
to Third Term as Presi-
dent of Upper Cape Cod
Cranberry Club.

By

CLARENCE J. HALL

John F. Shields of Ostervillo,
Mass., who has just been elected to
his third term as president of
Upper Cape Cranberry Club, wa.5
(and still is) a landscape garden-
er, who became a cranberry grow-
er through building a bog which
he had intended to sell — and then
found he didn't want to part with
it. That was in 1941 and the piece
was one of three acres on Run
Pond in nearby Marstons Mills, in
the brief years since, he has built
his cranberry holdings to approx-
imately 40 acres, and, intends to
acquire more acreage, if he finds
the sort of bog he wants.

"I built this swamp in my spare
time, at the urging of Jesse Mur-
ray, Osterville grower, who is
treasurer of the Upper club. The
location was maple bottom, there
was complete and adequate flow-
age and good sand. I did a lot of
work on that little bog myself — it
was when my landscape business
was slack — I dug and I wheeled
and I sanded.

"When it came time to sell and
I had an offer at what I considered
a good price, I found that I didn't
want to sell at all. I felt I had
built that bog right, and it was

right. This sounds foolish, but I
just didn't want it to fall into any-
body's hands who perhaps wouldn't
treat it right and keep it the way
I had built it."

Although born i n suburban
Bi'ookline, Shields has been on ti e
Cape, during the summers at lea it,
since he was scarcely more than an
infant. His father, James T.
Shields, now retired, had been gar-
dener on various estates in the Os-
terville area. Shields grew i:p
with a fondness for plant life. He
had, worked on cranberry bogs as
a boy for Cornelius A. Driscoll,
well known Cape grower, and he
had worked at landscaping.
Enjoys "Making Things Grow"
His decision to become a land-
scape man himself was a perfectly

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ERNEST W. SHAW

South Carver

logical one, and for some years he
worked at, and learned, the busi-
ness, finally being foreman for
Robert Cross, landscape gardener,
of Osterville. After that he went
into business for himself. For th3
past fifteen years he has been trae
superintendent for the town of
Barnstable, of which Osterville is
■i village. He has attended short
courses in tree and plant culture at
Massachusetts State College.

Shields is a man who enjoys
"making things grow". Cranber-
ries are "something which grow
out of the soil", and. so he really
gets fun out of growing.

He recognizes that he is a new-
coiTier to cranberry culture, as
compared to the long years of ex-
perience many growers have put
in. His opening comment and his
parting "shot" to this interviewer
were, "Don't put me down as try-
ing to tell cranberry growers what
they should do, or what they
shouldn't." Denying any desire to
d,o that, he does admit that for
himself he has "some thoughts at
the back of my mind" about cran-
berry growing that he has tried
out, and other theories that he
wants to prove or disprove. He
believes there are features about
cranberry growing which can still
stand improvement.

Ten

S^ik

Helicopter and airplane dusting and spraying-
are not universal, as yet.

BE PREPARED with a new
Duster or Sprayer

Plan now for your pumps for summer installations and BE PREPARED

for Fall frosts

HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO.

E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS.

"Some Bogs Are Starved"

One of the beliefs he is coming
to develop, as are some other grow-
ers, is that there is strong possi-
bility that too much water is being
used in cranberry growing.

"As for myself, whenever possi-
ble, I let the winter flood oflF in
Mai'ch, and if not then, as soon
thereafter as I can. I also make
a practice of keeping the bogs
from being too wet at other times.
I am pretty well convinced from
my own experience and from what
I have observed around is that as
litte water used as is sufficient, the
better off a bog is.

"I think proper water control
and the proper 'feeding' of cran-
berries are two very important
factors, and by 'feeding' I mean
fertilizing whenever necessary. I
am all for a scientific program of
fertilization of cranberry bogs.
I've looked at some bogs and from
my experience with trees and
shrubs, I've just known that these
vines were slowly starving to
death. Any plant has to receive
the food it needs to stay healthy
and produce."

.Shields has made many fertili-
zer experiments, using "evei-ything
from nitrate of soda to potato fer-
tilizers". While all for fertilizing
when necessary, he admits he has
not arrived, at the answers yet,
even to his own satisfaction. He
i.sn't even sure he is on the right
track toward a i-eally satisfactory
fertilization plan. He points out

that so often different results are
obtained with the same fertilizer
from year to year and on different
sections of a bog that he still has
a lot of unanswered questions.

"Fertilizing probably isn't neces-
sary on peat bottoms where there
is enough plant food, but I cer-
tainly think some kind of fertili-
zer program is necessary on hard
bottom. A good many bogs have
plenty of rich muck at the centers,
but often the peat edges are car-
ried off and into meadows and
sand, banks, and on these areas
added plant food has to be given.
He cited one instance of where he
had felt a certain small bog looked
starved, to him, and after fei-tiliz-
ing he had raised production on a
piece of two acre extent to 175
barrels in one year.

"More Work, Better Bogs"

Shields would like to be able to
grow better cranberries than are
now grown generally, and, if he
had a "policy", it is to grow more
cranberries on less acreage. The
chief way to obtain these objec-
tives, he believes, is through more
thorough application on the pa-t
of the grower.

"I have a suspicion that sound.er
fruit can be grown, and often the
reason is because all growers jo
not work hard enough at it. They
don't take enough pains with then-
bogs. I am certain the main dif-
ference between producing 25 bar-
rels to the acre and 100 barrels to
the acre on good, bog is often ,n

the grower's own hands. It seems
reasonable that we can expect a
consistent yield of between 60 and
100 barrels to the acre here in
Massachusetts, and that includes
Cape Cod as well as Plymouth
County. The people that I know
who have the best crops are al-
ways those who pay the most at-
tention to their bogs."

In the more effort in cranberry
growing, Mr. Shields would include
the personal effort of the grower
himself, as much as the grower
finds possible. "Yes, I mean some
real, physical work. I don't know
of any better way for a bog own-
er to learn, than to put in some
work himself — he keeps his hand
in — he leai-ns his bog. If a grow-
er does some of the work himself,
it will at least give him some basis
to judge of what he should or
should, not expect of his men.

"Successful bog operation seeins
to me to be just about two percent
executive ability and 90 percent ap-
plication to cranben-y growing, in-
cluding some physical effort. I
have a lot of respect for the scien-
tific side and I'm always calling up
Dr. Franklin at the State Bog, but
when all is said, it is the actual
work that goes into a bog that
grows the cranberries."

Shields is not discouraged with
cranberry growing prospects of
Barnstable County.

Future for Young Men

Shields considers that cranberry
growing has excellent possibilities

EJeven

for young- men. He doesn't think
this opportunity all lies in the ex-
ecutive side, either. Considering
cranberry work as manual labor,
he says the chances of steady work
are good. One reason for this
would be that a cranberi-y grower,
if he is to be successful, must keep
his pi'operty up in depression as
well as good times, and the reliable
cranberry worker would be sure of
steady employment.

Keen as he is on the aspect of
physical work. Shields feels that
whatever can be done most effi-
ciently by modern machinery
should be done that way, and that
the opportunity of mechanical
equipment to save time and money
should never be overloked. Even
so, he still thinks some manual la-
bor is best in the finishing touches.

Shields also prefers to harvest
his own crop, even though he is a
member of the National Cranberry
Association. He does not have ade-
quate packing facilities for all his
production as yet, but expects to
build a screenhouse. He likes io
carry his crop through to the point
of marketing.

He has liked to "experiment"
with marketing, as he calls it, and
still expects to dispose of some of
his crop in his own fashion. Al-
though having this urge to experi-
ment in marketing, he belie'es
"the two co-ops are responsible for
the stabilization of the market and
prices, and cooperative effoit
should have the backing of every
grower. As a member of NCA, I
feel that more growers should be-
long to that progressive group."

The bogs which Shields has ac-
quired since building his first small

piece have been bought since 1942.
during tlie uncertainties of the war
period. One of ten acres is the
Santuit Pond Bog; there is one of
about 16 acres at South Mashpee,
and one of 12 acres, the Old Col-
ony Farm Bog at Yarmouth.

Shields in his landscape work is
to have the assistance now of a
younger brother, James Shields,
who during the war served in the
r.avy. His brother will also prob-
ably eventually work into ci'an-
berry growing in some capacity.

Bog Value Will Be Higher

Shields in watching for good
value in bogs to acquire has felt
certain that good bog value is not
going down but is to increase m
the future, and in this he is loyal
to his county of Barnstable.

Growers Are
Interested in
Modern Fluming

Cranberry growers today are
definitel.v interested in more effic-
ient and economical methods of
cranberry production. This inter-
est extends to all phases, including
modern type prefabricated flumes.
Two of these flumes (models of
which were exhibited at the spring-
meeting and exhibition of the Cape
Cod Cranberry Growers' Associ-
ation April 3Cth) are developments
by Paul J. Whipple of The Forges
Contractors Inc., Plymouth, Mass.

These flumes, which are made
either full or half round, range in
size from the full round model

shown, which has a liser one foot
in diameter with eight-inch inlet
and outlet, to risers six feet in
diameter, with inlets and outlets
up to four feet or larger. The
flumes are made of corrugated gal
vanized iron pipe, bonded with as
bestos and covered with heavy
asphalt. The flumes have galvan-j
ized iron wings to prevent seepage J
and to make them secure in the
dykes. The water is controlled by .,
flashboards inserted in channel
irons in' the riser; this control is J
much the same as with the boards '
in the old-style wood or concrete
flumes. There can be one or more
cutlets as desired, within reason,
permitting greater flexibility of '
action because the flow of water
can be controlled in one, two, or
three outlets independently.

The full round flumes can be
placed either on the pressure side
of the dyke or in the middle and a
cover put over the top so as not
to interfere with travel over the
dyke. If it is placed in the middle
of the dyke water can be held on
either side of the flume as the need
may arise. For flooding at night
the danger of falling off a high
flume is completely done away
with, and the flumes can be locked
ti' keep out prowlers and children
who might pull the boards and ruin
a whole year's crop.

The half round flumes should be
placed on the pressure side of the
dyke. They control the water
much the same as the conventional
type flumes do. The flashboards
slide in channel irons set on the
face of the flume. The half round
ii- a little lower priced than the full
round and in some cases a little

/^^GRICO: FOR CRANBERRIES

We recommend
Agrico for Cranberries, 5-8-7 Fertilizer this spring

Dealers at Carver, Middleboro, Wareham, Plymouth and
throughout the entire Cape

The AMERICAN AGRICULTURAL CHEMICAL CO.

North Weymouth, Mass.

Telephone Weymouth 2640

Twelve

easier to install. Like the full
round, the half round flume can
have more than one outlet with in-
dependent control on each outlet.
With this flexibility of outlet con-
trol, one flume can in many cases
take the place of two or three con-
ventional type flun\,es.

The advantages of these types of
flumes are: permanency; economy
in first cost and in installation;
the latter being much less than
concrete flumes and probably a
little less than wooden flumes; they
can be placed on a soft bottom
with much less danger of settling
fast than a concrete flume which
is much heavier. If they do settle
too much for continued use over
a period of years, they aren't a to-
tal loss such as would be the case
with a concrete flume, because they
can be dug out and reset with lit-
tle expense compared to the cost
of installing a new concrete flume.

Whipple is the son of Sherman
L. Whipple, Jr. (Cranberries, Dec.
1946). He has installed three of
these all metal (full round) flumes
at the bog of his father in the Chil-
tonville section of Plymouth. One
has a 30 inch riser and 21 inch in-
lets and outlet; this flume is for
gravity flooding of a four acre
bog; one with a four foot diameter
riser, 30 inch inlet and outlet to
handle the water for about ten
acres; the third, also a four foot
diameter riser with 30 inch inlet
and outlet, is fourteen feet high
and is designed to handle all the
water from an eleven acre reser-
voir to take care of the whole 30
acres of Sherman L. Whipple's
bogs when they are completed.

George R. Briggs of Manomet is
installing six or more of the half
round flumes in his bogs at Indian
Brook, Manomet. He had orig-
inally planned to put concrete
(leaders on the pipes which he ran
under the roads and through the
dykes, but he feels that this new
type flume will do equally as well
at much less expense.

Theodore Budd of Pemberton, N.
J., has ordered one of the half
round flumes to experiment with
and see if they are going to be of
any value to the growers in New
Jersey.

Preliminary
Fig-ures of Mass.
Survey Released

The important preliminary I'e-
port of the Massachusetts cran-
berry survey has been released by
U. S. Department of Agriculture,
Bureau of Agricultural Economics
and Massachusetts Department of
Agriculture, under signatures of
C. D. Stevens N. E. Crop Statistic-
ian, and F. E. Cole, Commissioner
of Agriculture, revealing some
highly interesting facts in the
changes in the Massachusetts cran-
berry picture. Release says in
part:

"In 1924 and again in 1934 sur-
veys of cranberry acreages were
made to cover needs for data on
this important Massachusetts crop.
In recent years there has been an
insistent demand on the part of
organizations connected with the
cranberry industry for up-to-date
data which would show the prog-
ress being made. Through the ef-
forts of the Cape Cod Cranberry
Growers' Association, funds to fi-
nance such a survey were secured
for the Massachusetts Department
of Agriculture. This report covers
the results of the current survey
for items on which tabulations
have been completed. Totals are
preliminary and may be i-evised in
the final report.

"One of the most important in-
dications of progress in the cran-
berry industry is data on acreage
and the flowage facilities which are
.wailable to protect the production
of such acreage. In the thirteen
years since the previous survey
was made the total of Massachu-
.setts cranberry acreage has in-
creased from 13,644 acres to 14,-
927. an increase of nine per cent.
Acreage in Barnstable county has
continued to decline to a currently
reported total of 3,347 acres, four
per cent less than in 1934. In Ply-
mouth county, on the other hand,
cranberry acreage incieased to a
total of 10,409 acres in 1947, four-
teen per cent above the total in
1934. Bristol, Dukes, Essex and
Middlesex counties also show im-
portant increases in cranberry
acreage during this period.
6"The improvement in flowage fa-
cilities has been more significant

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Potatoes — Field Crops

Cranberries

ThrouKh experience (gained in act-
ual operation of many miles of Flex-
O-Seal Pipe and all types of rotary
Sprinkler Heads on our own Cape Cod
Farm and from experience in setting
up installations on most of the large
rotary sprinkler type irrigation sys-
tems in New England on tobacco, po-
tato, vegetable and cranberry layouts,
we feel qualified to encineer your ir-
rigation requiremnts.

Visitors Invited to

Irrigation Division

VEG-ACRE-FARM

Forestdale (Cape Cod) Mass.
Phone Osterville 719

LITERATURE - PRICES

LAYOUTS - ESTIMATES

FREE ON REQUEST

Thirteen

than the increase in acreage. For
the State, acreage with full flow-
age protection increased 1,951
acres or 30 per cent. Bogs with
winter and two spring flows in-
creased 620 acres or 34 per cent.
There was a small increase in the
acreage of dry bogs while the re-
duction is indicated in the acreage
of bogs depending on winter flow-
age or on winter flowage and one
spring flow. These data indicate
clearly that the production capac-
ity of Massachusetts cranberry
bogs has been increased in recent
years by further improving flow-
age facilities.

Comparing the trends in flowage
protection of Barnstable and Ply-
mouth Counties, we find that in
Barnstable county acreage with
full flowage protection has in-
creased 22 per cent since 1934 in
spite of a decrease of four per cent
in total acreage. In Plymouth
county an increase of 30 per cent
ii. acreage with full flowage pro-
tection was accompanied by a 9
per cent increase in total acreage.
Most of the minor counties also
show substantial increase in cran-
berry acreage with full flowage fa-
cilities.

Currently 57 per cent of the
Massachusetts acreage has full
flowage facilities compared with
only 48 per cent of the acreage in
this category in 1934. In Ply-
mouth county 62 per cent of the
acreage now has full flowage pro-
tection, while in Barnstable county
39 per cent is similarly protected.
In 1934 only 55 per cent of Ply-
mouth county and 31 per cent of
the Barnstable county acreage had
full flowage protection.

Acreage bv Varieties

The chansx' in the varieties of
i-ranberry bogs planted in recent
years should be of interest. Cur-
rently there are 8,739 acres of
Early Blacks, 32 per cent more
than the P. 636.4 acres reported in
1931. Early Black.s appear to be
pradually replacing other varieties,
as the repoited acreage for every
other variety is now smaller than
in 1934. A total of 5,174.6 acres of
Howes is reported, four per cent
less than in the previous survey.
Other varieties show greater de-
creases. At the present time 59
per cent of the cranberry bog acre-

age is Early Blacks, compared with
49 per cent in 1934, while the acre-
age of Howes is 36 per cent of the
total, compared with 39 per cent
leported in pievious years.

Currently cranberry growers ap-
pear to be planning to plant con-
siderable acreages of new bog.
Totals of the sui-vey indicate that
512 growers intend to build 1,799
acres of bog during the next three
years. In connection with the sur-
vey, records were secured from
1,599 growers.

Editor Praises
Attitude of New
England Sales

Roy H. Park Guest Speaker
at Annual Meeting of'
G r o u p — Season Past
Called Best in History of]
Organization.

N. C. A ADVANCES
TO S30 BARREL. SO FAR-
DARLINGTON. DIRECTOR

NCA directors, meeting at Han-
son Monday, May 5th, voted to pay
another advance of $5.00 a bbl.,
bringing total to date to $30,
with a still further payment to
come, it is announced. Also a 50
cents cash dividend was voted on
each share of common stock, which
is four per cent interest.

Approval was given to plans for
remodeling, enlai-ging and improv-
ing plants of the cooperatives in
the various cranberry areas, total
expenditures during the coming
year to amount to $400,000. The
objective is to speed up production
from the present 4,000 bbls. a day
to a total of 6,000 a day for all
plants.

Members of the New England
Cranberry Sales Company, meeting
in the Carver, Mass., town hall
April 17, heard that their organiza
tion had just finished the best year
in its history, heard, it praised a:
iin exemplary cooperative.

NECSCO Manager Arthur D. j
Benson told members during thej
morning meeting that 1946 had)
produced the second largest crop i
in the industry's history — 850,000 i
barrels, about 20,000 short of the J
record set in 1937 — which sold at !
the highest average price in the '
industry's history.

During the afternoon members i
heard a detailed report on sales by '
American Cranberry Exchange I
General Manager, C. M. Chaney.

Said Chaney, the Exchange op-
erated on 2.8 per cent during the
season, the lowest on record. The .
high price was due to the fact that!
this was the first year cranberries '
were free of ceiling prices since ;
1943, he said.

BUFFALO TURBINE

SPRAYER - DUSTER

HARDIE SPRAYERS

MATHEWS CONVEYERS

INSECTICIDES - FUNGICIDES

CHEMICALS - FERTILIZER

HOSE - RODS - NOZZLES - GUNS

YOU SHOULD SEE OUR NEW

WAREHOUSE. RIGHT UP TO THE

MINUTE.

FROST INSECTICIDE CO.

Box 36

Arlington 74, Mass.

roiirtren

He predicted that there would be
more sugar next year, making for
good consumer demand for cran-
berries, but that much more adver-
tising would also be necessary to
keep sales high under more com-
petitive conditions.

The annual meeting of the New
England Cranberry Sales Company

JARI POWER SCYTHE

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is held in April because the fiscal
year ends March 31, the time at
which all sales of cranberries from
ihe previous fall's crop are usually
completed. Such was the demand
last season, however, that all sales
were completed in December, 1946,
and most made in November.

High praise of the Sales Com-
pany was spoken by Roy H. Park,
editor of the Cooperative Digest
and well-known figure in co-oper-
ative circles throughout the na-
tion.

Park asserted: "the Sales Com-
pany is the most democratic co-op
I have ever seen. It has only the
interest of the grower at heart, its
operation is open to public inspec-
tion, it is highly business-like and
confines itself strictly to those ser-
vices its members really require.
It does not have the overly ag-
gressive attitude of looking for
extra duties which are not neces-
sarily best performed by a fruit-
marketing cooperative.

"I am really impressed by the
size of the turnout at this meeting.
"It indicates the responsibility
your members feel, an important
fact in a cooperative. Also I am
glad to see so many young people
here. It shows that your organi-
zation, with their interest, will en-
dure."

Benson also announced that
NECSCO had handled 134,816
bbls., and the company had oper-
ated on 1% per cent during the
season.

Dues of members were dropped
from $10 a year to $1 each by vote
of the membership. The canning
and stock purchase committee was
discontinued and its duties given
to the executive committee. On the
contact committee Arthur Chandler
leplaced Kenneth Garside, and
Robert Hammond replaced C. D.
Hammond, Sr. The supplies com-
mittee was discontinued. Manager
Benson and Garside were dropped
from the screening house commit-
tee and not replaced. E. L. Bar-
tholomew and Carroll Griffith re-
l.laced Russell Trufant and Walter
D. Rowley on the membership and
liublicity committee.

Robert Hammond and E. L. Bar-
tholomew replaced E. S. Atwood
and L. B. R. Barker as directors

(Continued on Page 21)

Western Pickers, Inc.
Explain Plans for It's
New Cranberry Picker

1947 will see a nation-wide test
and demonstration of the Western
Cranberry Picker, with machines in
Massachusetts, New Jersey, Wis-
consin, Washington, and Oregon,
under the personal supervision of
"Rudy" Hillstrom, President of the
Western Pickers, Inc.

It has long been a hope that a
cranberry picker would eventually
be developed that would harvest
cranberries efficiently, do no dam-
age to the vines, be inexpensive to
operate, have few moving parts to
get out of adjustment, be light
enough to move from place to
place, be weather-proof, and leave
no marks on the bog. Western
Pickers Inc. believes that it has
such a machine.

History records only one perfect
machine — the old legendary "one
horse shay" — so perfectly designed
and proportioned that every spoke
and bolt worked perfectly up to the
last moment and then all collapsed
together.

It was first contemplated to sell
these machines outright and more
orders for machines were received
than could be manufactured because
of shortages in engines, bearings,
and sponge rubber. However, it
was deemed advisable to test and
demonstrate the Western Picker
under all the diflferent conditions
that arise in actual commercial
use. There will be variations in
bogs, in vines, in berries, in ground
conditions, in help, in weather, in
materials used. Only scientific ob-
servation, accurate cost account-
ing, and trial and error, can de-
termine what, if any, adjustments
are advi.sable in the Western Pick-
ers before the machine will be al-
lowed to go it alone.

After much consideration, it was
decided that a royalty plan spon-
sored by a nation-wide organization
would be the best method of intro-
duction. So therefore. Western
Pickers, Inc., has arranged with
National Cranberry Association to
test and demonstrate its picker dur-
ing the coming year. In this way
the machines will only earn what
they actually pick. We hope to see
all growers behind the handlebars,
(adv).

Fifteen

(^ditMals

ISSUE OF MAY, 1947
Vol. 12 No. 1

^^^^WHM.C«««RW««jy^'

CRANBERRY BREEDING PROGRAM

CRANHERRIES - WAREHAM. MASSACHUSETTS

(CRANBERRIES Magazine feels deeply
^ privileged to begin, in this issue, the
first really comprehensive publication of the
story of the cranberry breeding program.
The article has been approved for publica-
tion by the United States Department of
Agriculture and the Massachusetts and
New Jersey Agricultural Stations. It rep-
resents much work in this summing up of
progress from its various angles by the
authors, F. B. Chandler, R. B. Wilcox, H.
F. Bain, H. F. Bergman and Haig Derman,
all of whom have been concerned in differ-
ing degrees in the program.

This breeding program is the first scien-
tific attempt to get a cranberry variety, or
varieties, better than those which have been
produced by the natural developments of
Nature. The varieties now "cultivated"
are, after all, but the best selections of va-
rieties of the bees, produced as the result
of winds and other natural forces.

It is an effort to "pile up", or more ex-
actly to combine the most desirable qual-
ities from a number of the most desirable
natural selections. Objectives are to de-
velop varieties less tasteful to the leafhop-
pers, thereby lessening the menace of false
blossom, to develop cranberries more re-
sistant to rot; to produce varieties which
iiave a higher yield, to produce a berry
which ripens earlier and therefore has a
shorter growing season. Other desirable
factors will probably be found. There is
the hope a better berry may be grown sole-
i.y for the fresh market, also a berry which
is better for processing than any of the
l")rc.=ent natural varieties. A whole new
book of cranberry growing can be opened
up from the inherent possibilities within
this program.

The cranberry industry should even-
tually be the large beneficiary from this
proe;ram which began 18 years ago and
which, it is understood, has already in-
volved the expenditure of more than $100,-
•''00. The general public should also be the
beneficiary through the development of
better cranberries.

We feel the publication of this comin'e-
hensive article is an important contribution
to cranberry culture, and if it awakens in-
terest and a true respect for the value of

Sixteen

Subscription $3.00 per year
Advertising rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HAI,L

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS
Wisconsin

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington-Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY

Cranberry Specialist
Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK
Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station

East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station,

Pemberton, New Jersey

*"his program that will be all to the good.
The credit for the approaching success be-
longs to the conscientious work and ability
of the scientists working upon it, and,
again, to them and to Dr. George M. Dar-
row. Principal Pomologist, U. S. D. A., our
appreciation for being assigned its i)ubli-
tion.

THIS issue begins the 12th year of the
publication of CRANBERRIES. This num-
ber contains 40 pages including covers, the
largest yet reached. For 132 consecutive
months we have attempted to mirror the
happenings and progress of cranberry
growing everywhere, in the best interest of
ALL growers and those associated with the
industry.

Pictorial Section

.2 <
.£ 'S

n
oa ♦:

a

>-' X

a **

Seventeen

President George A. Cowen of Rochester conducts recent meeting of New England Cran-
berry Sales Company. (Photo American Cranberry Ex^-'hange)

Eighteen

Pail! Whipple shows comparative sizes of largest and smallest prefabricated flumes being distributed by Forges
Contracting Company, Plymouth, Mass. (Cranberries Photo)

A large crowd of cranberry growers of the district visited the displays of equipment of the indus-
try at the Spring meeting of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association at the Town Hall Wai'e-
ham. Above, Warren Whiting, representing the Sempos Product Co., East Wareham, explains the
operation of a Sempos Float Boa, to Robert Whiting (no relation), and his father, H. F. Whiting, of
Plympton. and N. Phillips, of Ply nouth. (Cranberries Photo)

Left — New ACE Director
"Jimmy" Holman and Di-
rector Edward, Crabbe listen
to ACE Pi'esident Theodore
H. Budd, Sr., at New Yoi k
meiHing. (ACE Photo)

N. E. Sales Co.

(Continued from Page 15)

t^ the Exchange. Mr. Barker de-
clir.ed to serve further as a direc-
tor and thanked the members for
giving him so many years in that
position and asked to be allowed to
step aside after 26 years and re-
quested that another take over for
him. He explained the way the
Exchange helps members and told
how the directors help set the
prices.

He was given a rising ovation
by the membership for his long
service, a tribute he had earned
many times over through his long
years of service as an outstanding
;ind faithful leader in the com-
pany and the Exchange.

E. C. McGrew gave an interest-
ing talk, referring to the chaos be-
fore the days of the Exchange and
of the slow, steady evolution of the
industry's prosperity since that
time.

George A. Cowen of Rochester
was relelected president of the
Sales Company. Other officers re-
elected were Homer L. Gibbs, 1st
vice president; George E. Short,

2nd vice president; Arthur D. Ben-
son, manager; Sue Pitman, assist-
ant treasurer.

LeBaron R. Barker resigned as
d' rector of the American Cran-
berry Exchange and there was one
vacancy. Robert C. Hammond of
Plymouth and E. L. Bartholomew
of Wareham were reelected to fill
the vacancies.

Local directors were chosen as
follows:

District 1 (Hanson. Pembroke.
Marshfield, Duxbury, Kingston,
Plympton) — Fred L. Bailey, Ar-
thur H. Chandler, Paul E. Thomp-
son.

District 2 (Plymouth): L. B. R.
Barker, George Briggs, Edward S.
Griffith, Robert C. Hammond, Geo.
E. Short, Sherman L. Whipple, Jr.

District (3) Middleboro: Wales
Andrews, John B. Howes, Alvert
A. Thomas.

District 4 (Carver): H. R. Bail-
ey, Frank H. Cole, Homer L. Gibbs,
Ruel S. Gibbs, Carroll D. Griffith,
Kenneth E. Shaw, Russell A. Tru-
fant, Herbert J. Vaughan, Homer
Weston.

District 5 (Assonet, Freetown,
Lakeville, Rochester, Taunton and

Marion): Harold R. Allen, George
A. Cowen, Herbert E. Dustin, Na-
hum Morse.

District 6 (Wareham): E. L.
Bartholomew, Arthur E. Bullock,
Joseph L. Kelley.

District 7 (Barnstable County):
J. Foxcroft Carleton, Louis A.
Crowell, William Crowell, E. E.
Eldredge, Victor E. Leeman.

Attention
Cranberry
Growers ! !

We have

Drain Pipe

Large Sized Terra Cotta

Makes a Permanent Installation

RALPH W. ELLIOT

Sandwich Rd., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 794

Mail Address: Buzzards Bay, RFD

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story better than words. "SKINNER"
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today.

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Power

Main

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inch

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in Feet
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CP-1

5/16

30.00
32.30
34.50
36.80
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145
150
155
160
165

162
168
173
178
182

Long Range Utility Sprinkler

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LR-3

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1"

80

300

325

300

90

320

330

305

100

340

340

310

Other sizes available in both Sprinklers. Write.

Twenty-one

Southern Oregon
Club Meeting

Bandon, Oregon. — An enthusia'i-
tic group of some 40 members of
the Southwestern Oregon Cran-
berry club discussed production
problems at its current meeting,
in Masonic hall, here.

Application and effects of vari-
ous weed killers were the principal
topics, with experiences related by
various growers in an exchange of
valuable information. Jim Olson
stated that the use of a weed-
killer combination this year se-
verely "burned" some of his vines.
The combination was Cynox an'l
paint thinner. Olson reported
that he applied Cynox to his bog,
and after waiting more than a
week he sprayed the vines with a
paint thinner solution. He said
new vine growth in several spots
of the bog was severely burned af-
ter the paint thinner solution.

Discussion of weed eradication
brought out that the use of paint
thinner as a weed killer seemed to

be most effective while the vines
are dormant, and. after it has af-
fected the weeds the bog should be
flooded to float off the residue and
prevent inhibition of later vine
growth.

Action was begun by the club to
obtain bulletins on weed killers
from the experiment station in the
State of Washington, and discussed
a project to have the Bandon Pub-
lic Library receive agricultural bul-
letins for use by growers.

The club is a non-marketing or-
ganization whose purpose is tlie
exchange and dissemination of new
ideas and useful information to
aid all cranberry growers.

Officers elected for the cur-rent
year are: Ray Bates, president;
Frank Pook, vice president; Mrs.
Jim Olson, secretai'y; Charles
Ritchey, recording secretary; Sum-
ner Fish, treasurer.

Jack Hansell, assistant County
Agricultural Agent, who has been
taking an active interest in the de-
velopment of the cranberry indus-
try in the county, attended th*'
meeting to discuss reimbursement

to cranberry growers by the Fed-
eral Government for conservation
practices.

Ace Holds 40th
Annual Meeting
In New York

Directors of American Cranber-
ry Exchange, meeting at the Ho-
tel Pennsylvania, New York, April
2,3, at their 40th annual meeting,
voted to approve the admission of
the Oregon Coos Cranberry Co-op
and voted the Coos president, Ray-
mond W. Bates, into the board of
directors.

The preview day at members'
meeting at the New York o ce of
the Exchange directors had been
chosen, there being five new faces
on the board. These, besides now-
West Coast Director Bates, were
FI. L. Bartholomew of Wareham,
Massachusetts, and Robert C.
Hammond of East Wareham,
Mass., Harold DeLong of Mather,
Wisconsin, and James D. Holman
of Lakewood, New Jersey. Direc-

■ rrroioz^ysc^:;^

Prevenh /fotdndlemitesi

Saves Costly Repairs
and Renewals

WHERE

THERE IS CUPROLICNUM

THERE IS NO ROT

PROTECTS CANVAS, NETS, ROPES AND WOOD

Protect Your Flumes and Gates

New England Representative

ROBERT S. CHASE

195 Marlboro Street

Boston 16, Mass.

Twrnly-twii

lois re-elected were: Massachu-
totts. A. D. Benson, George E.
Short, Hcmcr L. Gibbs, George A.
Cowen, George Briggs; New Jer-
sey, Theodore H. Budd and Edward
Ciabbe; Wisconsin, Bernard C.
Brazeau, Vernon Goldsworthy,
Craig M. Scott.

'•Bob' Hammond and Barthol-
omew in the Massachusetts repre-
sentation succeeded L. B. R. Bar-
ker who had requested retirement
after 26 years, and C. D. Ham-
mond, Sr. Wisconsin was accord-
ed one additional director, New
Jersey losing one because of the
shift in barrelage in those produc-
ing areas.

Officers elected were: President,
Theodore H. Budd, Sr.; first vice
president. Homer L. Gibbs; second
vice president, George Briggs;
third vice president, Bernard C.
Brazeau; executive vice president,
C. M. Chaney; secretary, E. C. Mc-
Grew; treasurer, E. C. McGrew;
assistant treasurer, K. F. Pratt.

Executive committee: B. C. Bra-
zeau, Homer L. Gibbs, A. D. Ben-
son, James D. Holman, George
Briggs.

Advertising committee: Gibbs, than 850,000 barrels this has been

Benson, Holman. ^j^^ greatest year the industry has

Addressing the Hotel Pennsyl-
vania meeting, Chaney stated: ever seen. This is the second larg-
"with a national crop of more est crop on record.

ARE YOU SURE?

Why not let us make a survey of your insurance
without charge, to make sure that you are
fully protected?

For more than 20 years, Mr. Eben A. Thacher,
of this firm, has provided specialized insurance
service to meet the needs of cranberry growers.
He will be glad to discuss a survey of your
requirements and present coverage.

Brewer & Lord

INSURANCE
65 Batterymarch Street, Boston

Telephone; Hancock 0830

WHICH ONE

vs^ill get your

cranberry crop

this year?

O

• If you want to be sure that your cranberry crop
goes to market and not to the bugs, plan on a
Kryocide program right now. Kryocide has proved
effective against most of your destructive insect
enemies, including the cranberry weevil, gypsy
moth caterpillar, cranberry blossom worm, false
army worm and fruit worms . . . yet it won't hurt
your cranberries.

Consult your local experiment station for informa-
tion on Kryocide use. Kryocide comes in 4 lb. and
50 lb. bags. Order from your dealer NOW.

Kryocide

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AOItCUlTUIAL
CHIMfCAlS

AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS DIVISION

PENNSYLVANIA .SALT

MAN U/Fa/c TURING C QyM P A N Y

N u/Ta/c T U R I.N

1000 WIDENER BUILDING, PHILADELPHIA 7, PA.

Twenty-three

Growers Company
Holds Its 52nd
Annual Meeting

The fifty-second annual meeting
of the Growers' CranbeiTy Com-
pany was held in the office of the
company, Pemberton, New Jersey,
Tuesday, April 15.

It proved to be one of the most
interesting- and progressive meet-
ings yet held by the company. The
members turned out in goodly
numbers to hear the results of
what proved to be the most suc-
cessful season in the history of
this, the oldest of Cranberry Co-
operatives. The figures disclosed
that the company had handled close
to sixty-five percent of all the
cranberries produced in New Jer-
sey this season, and that the sales
had more than doubled the largest
previous year. A general feeling
of optimism seemed to permeate
the meeting. Theodore H. Budd-
Sr., president, presided and dis-
pose of a heavy program in good
time.

Before proceeding with the busi-
ness at hand, he asked that all bow
their heads in silent respect to the
memory of our past president of
many yeai-s, Franklin S. Chambeis,
following which the secretary read
a beautiful tribute to Mr. Cham-
bers, prepared by Ralph B. Clay-
berger, his oldest friend, whifh
was made a part of the
and a copy ordered sent
family.

C. M. Chaney, general manag.-r
of the American Cranberry Ex-
change, reported on the past sea-
son's business by means of lantern
slides and charts, which proved

record,
to ."i'e

LLOYD M. HENDRICK

Registered Architect

Architect-Engineer

Public, Commercial and

Domestic Work

BAKER BLDG. BUZZARDS BAY

AND POCASSET, MASS.

We Have Listing of
Cranberry Bogs, large or small

FOR SALE
Geo. A. Cole Agency

WILDA HANEV

Decas Block

Wareham, Massachusetts

very convincing. Mr. Chaney was
quite happy over the results, as
were the members.

The meeting authorized Presi-
dent Budd to engage a field man,
as early as possible, one capable of
contacting present members and
bringing in new ones, and render-
ing real service to the growers.
Such a man of necessity must know
the cranberry business, and. be able
to assist growers in their prob-
lems.

Members voted to give them-
selves only 60 days to retire from
the company after the annual

meeting, this period having been
voted last year to be four months.
A vote was also taken to renew
the processing contract with NCA,
but re-aflirmed a resolution made
at the last meeting that all mem-
bers' berries must go through the
Exchange, growers paying percent-
age.

Officers elected for the ensuing
year are:

President, Theodore H. Budd,
Sr.; 1st vice president, Ralph B.
Clayberger; 2nd vice president, Ed-
ward Crabbe; 3rd vice president,
and treasurer, E. C. Becher.

I

i

Get the MOST WATER
from Your Pump

Ford 100 H. P. V-8 Truck Engine with General
Power Industrial Conversion.

Produce the most efficient and most economical
jiower within their H. P. Range.

Delivery in approximately 10 days

H. A. SUDDARD, INC.

Route 28

Wareham. Ma.ss. !

I

Your FORD Dealer

Twcnty-foiir

Joseph W. Darlington; secretary
antl treasurer, E. C. Becker.

Delegates to the American Cran-
berry Exchange: Theodore H.
Budd, Sr., Edward Crabbe, James
D. Holman.

Directors to fill expiring terrns
this year: Ralph B. Clayberger, H.
B. Scammell, Albert W. Lillie, G.
Sterling Otis, Ralph Haines.

Following the meeting, a dinner
was sei"ved in Wesley Hall by the
ladies of Grace Church, rounding
out a pleasant and profitable day.

Cape Clubs
Conclude Winter
Meeting Series

Members Vote Directors
Give Consideration t o
Matter of Proposed Union
with CCCGA, Postponing
Any Immediate Action.

Cape Cod Cranberry clubs con-
cluded a very successful winter
meeting schedule with the April
meeting, about 60 attending at
both Upper and Lower Cape gath-
erings.

CONTROL...

Blunt-Nosed Leafhopper
Gypsy Moth Caterpillar
Blackheaded Fireworm

PYROCIDE DUST

• Quick-Kill

• Non-Irritating

• Non-Poisonous

• Economical

NON-POISONOUS

PYROCIDE
DUST

HIGH IN KIllING POWER
UNIFORM

W. HUBBARD
PARKHURST, JR.

301 Whitehorse Pike
HAMMONTON, NEW JERSEY

giant irrigator
high pressure

FACTORY OmCES

Fresno. P O Box 232
Chicago: 7658 Calumet
Los Angeles 7280 Melrose

to Cranberry Bog Specifications

Buckner Cranberry sprinklers
were designed by Cranberry Bog engi-
neers and are built for economical, trouble-free
operation. Choice of models gives you a perfect cur-
tain of water for any size bog. Low installation cost.
Proven results in all bog sections of the country. See
your Buckner representative now — there's one near
you, and Buckner Sprinklers are available on short
notice.

wf^

M*^

gn0^C^

dual-action
low pressure

MASSACHUSETTS

The Clapper Co.
1121 Washington
West Newton

PACinC NORTHWEST

Poison Impl. Co.
631 Western Ave.
Seattle. Wash.

Twenty-five

At both clubs votes were passed
that the directors give study to
the proposed plans for some sort
of official affiliation with the Cape
Cod Cranberry Growers Associa-
tion, which, with the action of the
CCCGA itself, postpones any pros-
pect of a union for the time being,
at least.

Dr. Franklin was a speaker at
both, going- over the 1947 insect
and disease chart, and explained
the changes, stressing the point
that DDT is recommended for the
control of more insects than in
1946, a talk similar to that given
before Plymouth County groups
and reported in last month's issue.

At Orleans Ferris Waite of NCA
displayed new sprinkler heads and
portable pipe. He passed around
photographs of the sprinklers and
answered questions put to him

Continental Red Seal
Industrial Engines

J. M. HACKETT

No. Hanover, Mass.

Tel. Rockland 1864

from the floor concerning the
sprinklers and their use and there
was much intei'est shown.

County Agent Bertram Tomlin-
son showed movies of the Western
Picker.

Also at Orleans Dr. A. B. Beau-
mont, State Soil Conservation,
told of the work being done in that
field in Massachusetts, the state
having been divided into 12 dis-
tricts, which took in 93% of total

BOLENS GARDEN TRACTORS

(WITH SICKLE BAR ATTACHMENT)

ENGINE DRIVEN GENERATORS

FOR EMERGENCY AND ALL TYPES OF APPLICATIONS

BRIGGS & STRATTON ENGINES

PORTABLE PUMPS

POWER MOWER EQUIPMENT

Complete Mechanical Service

INDUSTRIAL ENGINES— from Vg H. P. to 100 H. P.

"ASK FOR JOE HACKETT"

Alan Painten

Established 1922

Hanover, Mass.

Tel. Hanover 334

We are "All Set" to serve Massachusetts Growers

* WITH ANY JOB OF BOG RENOVATION.

* NEW BOG CONSTRUCTION

*

BOG MAINTENANCE

We have Power Shovels (3) ; Tractor Bulldozers (3) ; Cranes, Scrapers, 90-
Yard Screener; Power Winches. Urag,t;ers; Road Grader — 30 competent Oper-
ators and employes— AND THE NECESSARY EXPERIENCE AND KNOW-
HOW.

E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Pranconia Service Station

Freight Transportation (including cranberries
in season). Heavy equipment hauling.
Tel. 227

Franconia Coal Co.

Water-White Kerosene for Weed Control this
spring.

Tel. 39-R

Tires, Tubes, Batteries, Auto and Truck Re-
pairing and Greasing. Jenney Gasoline and
Motor Oils.

Distributors for
MACK and INTERNATIONAL TRUCKS

Tel. 39-R

CAULT CONSTRUCTION COMPANY

"EDDIE" T. GAULT. JR.

Main St., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. 227

Twenty-six

acreage. Surveys show, he said,
that 96 per cent of cultivated land
in Massachusetts has been, or is

CRANBERRY

GROWERS
WATCH US!

FROM NOW ON WE HAVE

SOMETHING INTERESTING

FOR YOU

AIRBORNE SPRAYER, INC.

20 Mill Street
Arlington, Mass.

Arlington 0128-J

eroding. He said that besides pre-
venting this waste, the Soil Con-
servation Service could also assist
in drainage and water supply prob-
lems for cranberry bogs.

Dr. Beaumont offered to set up
a soil conservation district in Barn-
stable county if growers signed a
petition for it. Some of the grow-
ers signed at the meeting.

Officers elected at the Upper
Club were: John F. Shields, Oster-
ville, president; Robert Handy,
Cataumet, vice president; William
Foster. East Sandwich, secretary;
.^-Ivin Crocker, Forestdale, treas-
I'rer. Directors: Malcolm Ryder.

Rain When You Want It
RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS

^..'jUtL^ ».''|»^

*A.

For Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation

Rain Bird Sprinkling systems do the job you want

them to do, when you want it. All working parts are

accessible and fool proof. Oscillator arm breaks up

stream to give maximum benefit.

Consult Rain Bird engineering department for advice

on your irrigation problems.

For complete information on Rain Bird Sprinkling

Systems, write,

For the East and Midwest

L. R. NELSON MFG. CO.
Peoria, Illinois

« * «

JOSEPH BRECK & SONS
8S State Street
Boston, Mass.

On the Pacific Coast

R. M. WADE and CO.

Portland, Oregon

• ««

OREGON CULVERT CO.

Portland, Oregon

IRRIGATION DIVISION

VEGACRE FARM

Forestdale (Cape Cod) Mass.

RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CO.

GLENDORA, CALIF.

South Sandwich; Roger Burlin-
game, Cotuit; Loring Jones, Mar-
stons Mills; Myron Ryder, Cotuit.
At the Lower Cape club officers
were re-elected as Frederick A.
Eldredge, Jr., Dennisport, pres-
ident; Brant D. Ellis, Dennis, vice
president; secretary-treasm-er, Cal-
vin Eldredge, Pleasant Lake. Di-
rectors: George S. Bearse, Chat-
ham, chairman, Maurice E. Lee,
Brewster; Robert W. Chase, West
Harwich; Herman S. J. Loud, Den-
nis; Raymond Syrjala, Hyannis.

C.C.C.G.A. Meeting

(Continued from Page 4)

Hayden Separator Mfg. Company,
Wareham ; Cranberry Trading Po.st,
Plymouth, South Harwich, Onset;
Frost Insecticide Company, Arl-
ington; Eastern Aerial Surveys,
61 Shirley street, Boston; Niagara
Spprayer & Chemical Co., Middle-
port, N. Y.; Forges Construction
Company, Plymouth; Clapper Com-
pany, 1121 Washington street.
West Newton; New England Cran-
berry Sales Company; Ralph Elliot,
Sandwich road, Wareham; Joe
Hackett, North Hanover.

Following the business meeting
there was the instructive speaking
program.

Dr. Fellers

Dr. C. R. Fellers, head of Food
Technology at Mass. State College,
gave a very complete and interest-
ing story of what cranberries are
made of. This was a report on
studies made at Amherst by the

Grossman's

On Cape Cod

"EVERYTHING TO
BUILD WITH"

Opposite R. R. Station

Sagamore, Mass.

778
Tels. Sagamore 779

Twenty-seven

CONTROL...

Blunt-Nosed Leafhopper
Gypsy Moth Caterpillar
Blackheaded Fireworm

PYROCIDE DUST

• Quick-Kill

• Non-Irritating

• Non-Poisonous

• Economical

Experiment Station and by the
American Cranberry Exchansu
Fellowship. Dr. Fellers said the
sugar content of fresh cranberries
was low, but it was high in cran
berry sauce, due to the sugar add-
ed. Cranberries are unique in that
they contain several acids. Most
fruits have only one acid, as citric
in citrus fruits, malic in apples,
and tartaric in grapes. Cranber-
ries, however, have four acid.s —
citric, malic, benzoic and quinic.
Dr. Fellers said the iron content
was not high, but it was of excel
lent nutritional quality.
F. J. Sievers
Director F. J. Sievers of Mass.
Agricultural Experiment Station

f

NON-POISONOUS

PYROCIDE
DUST

I IN KIllINC POWER

CROP-SAVER
CHEMICAL CO., INC.

3511 Potomac Avenue
CHICAGO 51, ILLINOIS

Attention
Cranberry Growers

BEES FOR HIRE

$5.00 PER HIVE

Experienced Pollination Service

Call

J. H. Jennings

West St.

Carver

Tel. Carver 97-R-2

Choose Your Weapon for INCREASED YIELD

through Gypsy Moth Control

Geigy Company, "Originators of DDT Insecticides," oSers
you 2 tried-and-proven DDT formulations for the control
of Gypsy Moth.

GESAROL*S 30-a solution containing 30% Geigy DDT
for use in atomized oil sprays.

GESAROL VD 50 — a finely-ground powder containing
50% Geigy DDT. Insist on its being in your dust mixtures.

Take your choice— depending on the method of attack you
prefer or are best equipped
to use.

FREE folder giving detailed recom-
mendations for application available
through your Distributor.

•Re^. U. S. Pa(. Off.

GEIGY COMPANY, Inc.

89 Barclay St., New York 8, N.Y.

Distributed by ROGERS AND HUBBARD COMPANY
Portland, Connecticut

Twenty-^iijht

Yes, just one nibble of ALCOA Cryolite, and cninbcrry icmils. fruit
ivorms and oilier chi'ivirifi insects are as dead as door nails!
ALCOA Cryolite — the inseeticide that has been lime-tesled ami proved
— is a cliemicaUy controlled product. This means:

1 • Particle size uniformly controlled.

2. Maximum, even coverage.

3. Free dusting . . . free spraying.

4. High suspendability in spray tank.

5. Negligible abrasive effect on equipment.

ALCOA Cryolite . . .

— Is not harmful to predatory insects.

— Does not affect soil balance.

— Is safe on delicate foliage.

— Wets and mixes readily.

— Has good adhesion.

— Active ingredient — 90%.

— Compatible with insoluble-type copper compounds, sulphur
and other neutral fungicides, insecticides and diluents.

Let us send you a copy
of this free booklet. It
contains reports of en-
tomologists on the con-
trol of cranberry weevil
and fruit worm.

ALUMINUM COMPANY OF AMERICA

CHEMICALS DIVISION
1760 Gulf Building Pittsburgh 19, Penna.

Alcoa Cryolite is manufactured by Aluminum Ore Company. Formerly sold under the trade name "Alorco."

Twenty-nine

said he enjoyed cranberries be-
cause of their color, which added
attractiveness to a meal. He lik-
ened cranberries on the table to a
table bouquet, stating that they
both added atmosphere to the meal.
The improvements at the station
were enumerated by Director Sie-
vers, and he explained how they
would improve working conditions.

Willard Munson

Willard Munson, Director of
Mass. Extension Service, outlined
the extension sei-vice work in re-
lation to cranberry work.

Commissioner Cole

Fred Cole, Commissioner of Ag-
riculture, gave some of the high-
lights of the acreage in the sur-
vey just completed. He called on
his assistant, Walter Piper, wwho
explained how the survey was
conducted, in the field and present-
ed some information on flowage.
Another assistant, C. D. Stevens,
presented some of the information
on varieties.

Dr. Franklin

With the aid of lantern slides.
Dr. Franklin gave a very good ro

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

17 Court St.
Plymouth, Mass.

BOG MANAGEMENT

Tels: Plymouth 1622
Kingston 319

If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will
pay you to see us.

A number of properties available, more wanted.

Call

view of his recent bulletin on
Weather and Cranberry Produc-
tion. He stated that the crop in
New Jersey is greatly influenced
by rainfall in the growing season
a year before the crop, and in Wis-
consin by the March temperatures.
In Massachusetts, it is more diffi-
cult to estimate the crop, as there
are a number of factors contribut-
ing to productivity. Dr. Franklin
said one of the practical applica-
tions of his bublletin was the eflFect
of rainfall on production and that
growers would d.o well to handle
the water in the ditches in relation
to the rainfall (see italics p. 8 of
Bulletin).

The tempepratures in March, Ap-
ril and May have a great influence
on the keepping quality of tlie
Mass. crop, Dr. Franklin said.
When the temperature at Middle-
boro is above 34 in March, 44 'n
April and 56 in May the quality
will be poor. This is an important
contribution, as the quality of the
crop may be forecast before the
fruit is set, which gives growers
an opportunity to spray with fun-
gicides.

ieter xV« -Lie 1^

age

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 740

"KEEP SMILING"

Peter A. LeSage ^^„„„„„

Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries Tei. Bamstabie i07

Thirty

wm

»^ft

^"^^T^tew

iHIUlf

^>

1

r

r

>

1

■1

h

|3

1

•1

Lightweisht, 20-noEzle Bean Spray
Bocms are readily convertible to
cranberry spraying. The powerful
John Bean sprayer in the back-
ground, discharges 35 gallons a
minute, at 800 lbs. pressure.

More Cranberry Profits

. . . with Bean Cranberry Sprayers

Only high pressure spraying gives you
real protection for your cranberry crops
, .and cranberry profits. Under high
pressure, spray materials reach every
surface of every plant — tops and under-
sides, leaves and vines. John Bean Cran-
berry Sprayers perform for your profit:
deliver a high pressure spray that covers
the crop fast — when you need it and
where you need it — without wasting
costly spray materials.

They can be used for spraying with
2, 4-D, as well as with other chemicals,
because their all-steel tanks do not ab-
sorb spray materials, and hence can be
cleaned. These economical sprayers —
built for years of hard use — are all-

purpose ; can be used for spray painting,
whitewashing, fire fighting. Bean spray-
ers can be equipped with refillers for
fast refilling from any tank or pond.

Trouble-free Bean Royal pumps are
all-enclosed and deliver up to 60 gallons
a minute at 800 lbs. pressure in the
larger models. Four-wheeled units fea-
ture cut-under construction, can follow
the tractor down narrow dike roads.

Available in skid-mounted, t w o-
wheeled or four-wheeled models; engine
or tractor-powered, with pump capacities
ranging from 15 gallons a minute, 600
lbs. pressure, to 60 gallons a minute, 800
lbs. pressure. See your dealer or write
for catalog "O'.

JOHN BEAN MFG. CO

DIVISION OF FOOD MACHINERY CORP.

Lansing 4, Michigan Depf. 45

Dr. Franklin also introduced
Miss Thelma Laukka, who was ref
ently appointed to the staff of the
Experiment Station at East Ware-
ham, where she is doing- secretar-
ial work, and he stressed the fact

that she has already had the op-
portunity to do a good deal of
valuable work for the association
as well as her regular duties.

The speaking program was in
charge of a committee consisting

of Bertram Tomlinson, chairman,
Dr. F. B. Chandler, President Short
and the exhibition in charge of
Ferris Waite, chairman, Raymond
Morse and Clarence J. Hall.

bm

PROTECT

THIS YEAR'S PROMISE FOR

A

PROFITABLE

CRANBERRY CROP

Use Black Leaf 40 in accordance with State
recommendations for the control of

Blackheaded Fireworm Blunt-Nosed Leafhopper
Spittle Insect Red-Striped Fireworm

TOBACCO BY-PRODUCTS & CHEMICAL CORP.

Incorporated
LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY

Missed Meeting,
But NCA 'Copter
Now Arrived

In preliminary announcements
for the meeting, it had been con-
fidently expected helicopters would
he present to give demonstrations,
but delay in delivery prevented
this.

However, "Ocean-Sprayer" No. 1
of NCA has arrived since the
meeting, being flown unannounced,
by Fred W. Soule into Hanson dur-
ing a meeting of NCA directors
May 5th.

Pilot Soule brought the "wind-
mill" machine in on the lawn at the
rear of the home of M. L. Urann,
and after the meeting, Mr. Urann,
the air-minded Charles L. Lewis,
.1. C. Makepeace, directors, were
taken up for flights. Soule dem-
onstrated the maneuverability of

FULL- ROUND PLUNAt

cuannEtL irons pop,
plasw boards

WINOS
.- FLA5U &OAR05

RtlNFORCS-D

HALF- ROUND FLU^At

CHANNEL IRONS Pon.
FLASU BOARDS

WINOS
FLASH BOARDS

RES&RVOIB.,

SPECIALISTS IN BOG CONSTRUCTION
AND REBUILDING

THE FORGES CONTRACTORS, Inc.

WATER ST., PLYMOUTH, MASS.

Tel. Plymouth 1763

Thirty-two

the machine, stopping in midair,
going backwards and sideways.
He hovered stationary two feet
above the ground.

NCA plans an official demon-
stration for members of the press
the week of May 12, when the 'cop-
ter will give a DDT spray eshibi-

Colley

Cranberry

Company

Plymouth, Mass.

Office
17 Court Street

Telephone
Plymouth 1622

tion on a large bog and a small
bog at Mayflower Grove. Hanson,
to show the extreme versatility of
the machine.

No. 2 'copter of NCA is expect-
ed to arrive shortly, also.

Fresh from the Fields

(Continued from Page 5)

of April 2. R. B. Wilcox discussed
rot control; W. E. Tonilinson, Jr.,
spoke on blunt-nosed leafhopper
and other insect control problems,
and C. A. Doehlert discussed cran-
berry drainage problems.

On April 10 blueberry growers
were invited to attend a demonstra-
tion of a pruning shredder in oper-
ation. By the use of such a ma-
chine much valuable plant food
that is in the prunings and which
is ordinarily removed from the
field and burned would be retained
in the field to work over again for
the grower.

On April 18 the Ocean County
blueberry growers held a field
meeting at the field of Oscar
Downs in Lakehurst. Timely top-
ics were discussed by R. S. Wil-
cox, C. A. Doehlert and W. E.
Tomlinson, Jr. Mr. Wilcox spoke

M^-

This engine-equipped Trac-
tor Trailer Hardie Sprayer
is one of many models which
meet the varied require-
ments of bog spraying. It
can be drawn by any tractor
or other motor vehicle to
wherever it is needed.

Write for Catalog of Hardie
High Pressure Sprayers and
spray accessories now^ pro-
duced in wide variety of ad-
vanced designs. Sizes from
4 to 80 gallons per minute.

The Hardie Mfg. Company

Los Angeles 11, Calif. Hudson, Mich. Portland 9, Ore.

Export Dept. Detroit 26, Mich.

Canadian Office, C. W. Lewis, Grimsby, Ont.

Dependoble Sprayers

Thirty-thre*

CONTROL...

Blunt-Nosed Leafhopper
Gypsy Moth Caterpillar
Blackheaded Fireworm

PYROCIDE DUST

• Quick-Kill

• Non-Irritating

• Non-Poisonous

• Economical

NON-POISONOUS

PYROCIDE
DUST

ROGERS & HUBBARD
COMPANY

PORTLAND, CONN.

on mummy berry and its control,
Mr. Doehlert discussed fertilizer
and drainage and Mr. Tomlinson
spoke on the control of the blue-
berry blossom weevil.

Winter Injury — There has been
some winter injury to bogs with
high edges exposed and also in
some bogs where the water was
drawn from under the ice. In the
latter instance injury is spotty,
being confined to small areas
where the ice and snow melted and
exposed the vines to the drying ef-
fects of the wind, while nearby
areas where the vines were not ex-
posed are perfectly normal.

Sanding — Sanding and resand-
ing is becoming a much moi'e com-
mon practice in New Jersey. More
sanding has been accomplished
this past fall and winter than ever
before. There is still plenty of
acreage still unsanded, but indica-
tions are that the trend to sand
will continue.

Replanting — Considerable re-
planting is in progress with a
large proportion being set me-
chanically, as was mentioned last
month. Early Black will make up
close to 100 per cent of this re-
newed acreage.

Eatnior
Cranberries

A steady increase in service since 1907 results in
complete service to Members in 1947 in the pro-
duction, packing and marketing of cranberries.

New England Cranberry Sales Co.

(The Fresh Cranberry Cooperative)
9 Station Street Middleboro, Mass.

Thirty-four

WASHINGTON

Weather Warm

The weather has been unusually
A-arm during March and April, the
temperatures reaching as high as
50 degrees on Saturday, the 25th.
The growing season is from two
to three weeks earlier than the
average, so berries should be quite
large and yields proportionately
tieavy if the weather trend contin-
ues. There were several light
frosts, but the sprinklers took care
A those very nicely and there was
no damage to the end of April, at
least.

Dr. J. Harold Clarke and D. J.
Crowley visited several bogs in
Clatsop County, Oregon, April
15th. They found the growers in
Clatsop all very busy, since the
early season crowded bog work.

Growers put on the first spray
for fireworni about Apx'il 28. The
second spray will be applied three
weeks from that time, when it is
expected the bogs will be in the
rook stage.

Several growers are talking
about a trip to Massachusetts in

June, but how many actually will
go is not yet determined.

Long Beach Cranberry Club

The Long Beach Cranberry Club
met Friday evening, April 11th, in

the N. C. A. Freezer Building.
.\fter a short business meeting,
!)resided over by the president,
Leonard Morris, the meeting was
turned over to D. J. Crowley.

THOMAS BROTHERS
General Contractors

MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

Tel. MidQleboro 772

Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells
Transit Mix Concrete

Complete Line of Construction Equipment
Excavating - Grading • Hauling

Leave the Tough Jobs for Us
Our Experience is Your Guarantee

Cranberry Root Grubs
White Grubs-Chokeberry
White Violets • Loosestrife
Poison Ivy

The Massachusetts Cranberri/ Station Chai-t
No. 12 Recommends

Para-Dichlorohcnzeiu- for Root Grubs. White
Grubs. Chokeberry, White Violets. Loosestrife
and Poi.son Ivy. It should lie applied in April or
early IMay. Quantities vary from TV. lbs. per
sq. rod to ] .'■200 lbs. per acre. Write for details.

SOLVftY SALES CORPORATION, 45 Milk St., Boston 9, Mass.

?ARA-mCHiOROBlHnHl

Distributed in Massachusetts by CRANBERRY TRADING POST

Thirty-five

Mr. Crowley talked on the spray
program for 1947. calling the
growers' attention to the fact that
spi'ay charts are now available. He
asked all growers to let him know
if they have not received their
chart.

He told the growers that the
first spray should be applied dur-
ing the week of April 21st, the sec-
ond spray to be applied when the
blossoms are in the hook stage.
He pointed out that the hook stage
was the last DDT spray to be used
for the season. A dianisyl-tri-
chloroethane spray should be ap-
plied when about two-thirds of the
blossoms have fallen.

Crowley to Have Assistant

Mr. Crowley announced that

ARIENS-7///er

:==» THE MOST

COMPLETE LINE OF
TILLAGE EQUIPMENT
IN THE WORLD CA-
PACITIES 14 IN TO
7 FT CUTTING WIDTHS.

ARIENS CO.

Box 508 BRILLION. WIS.

there would be a full-time assist-
ant at the Cranberry Experiment
Station by about the middle of

June. A general question and an-
swer discussion was held at the
conclusion of the talk.

ELECTRICITY

is an ever-ready, efficient servant,

which will work for you

every month in the year.

Plymouth County Electric Co.

WAREHAM
Tel. 200

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 1300

Business Is Good With Us

Frankly we need additional supplies of Cranberries to
take care of our orders for the 1947 season.

We have good outlets for your entire crop for both
fresh fruit and processing.

WE HAVE SERVED THE GROWERS FOR
OVER A QUARTER CENTURY

DON'T WORRY. CONTACT

BEATON'S DISTRffiUTING AGENCY
Cape Cod Cranberries
WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS

970
Telephone Wareham j^^

Thirty-six

:ranberries the year around.

CRANBERRKS now used
many woy5...ffie Year'Round

Delkious as a
JELLY or JAM

Strained cranberry is espe-
cially good with meat, fowl,
game, hot breads, etc. With
Min-ot you enjoy that dis-
tinctive appetizing zest-
jellied just right.

Z'^r'

W/io/e tw^

CRANBERRY SAUCE

wif/i ICE CREAM

A new taste thrill! Delightful
tort-sweet treat equally deli-
clous with puddings, custard.
The sauce with that old-fash-
ioned goodness.

fOftttr,

<xys

WE ARE
ENCOURAGING
THROUGH
NEWSPAPER
ADVERTISING
THE USE OF
CRANBERRIES
THE YEAR
AROUND . . .

^'tt^y

ast,

Both Ready fo Serve

Reproduction ol advertisement appearing in newspapers supporting
u.ses of Cranberries the year 'round.

MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS INC.

BRIDGETON

NEW JERSEY

Represented by
BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY

WAREHAM. MASS.

^^¥^--

RVINC A $12,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY

APE COD
lEW JERSEY
WISCONSIN
OREGON
WASHINGTON

SEEDLINGS PLANTED— Selections o( Breeding Program are set out for further tests on bogs
Massachusetts growers contributed for the purpose. Photo shows Dr. Chandler and Foreman 0>
Norton on Porter bog of Cape Cod Co., Rochester. Vines are set in squares with two fool path.

June, 1947

30 cents

Founded in 1895 . . .

Our Company has steadily grown in scope and purpose until to-
day it is unequalled in the character of its service and the range
of its activities. '1

You are invited to become a member of this progressive Co-oper-
ative, the oldest in the Cranberry industry.
\

Growers Cranberry Company, Inc.

PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY

\\

from A to Z

//

EVERY SERVICE AND AID POSSIBLE

IN THE REALM OF CRANBERRY CROWING

IS FURNISHED TO OUR MEMBERS.

THAT IS RECOGNIZED AS OUR POLICY.

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

WISCONSIN RAPIDS

WISCONSIN

^aie^ <x^

s

en(Acce

Ci'oii^c Courtly at Cytiiil'crry Trading Posf\ Onscf hiuiuh,
iltipliiys his wares to an hltcrcstt-tl cnstjmcr.

Selling cranberries and cranberry products
is only part of NCA's job. Growers join
this cooperative not only to find a year-
round market for all their berries, but also
to take advantage of the many services it
offers.

NCA's Cranberry Trading Post with
branches in Plymouth, Onset, and No.
Harwich, Massachusetts; Bordentown, New

Jersey; and on the West Coast, offers mem-
bers an opportunity to make pool purchases
of bog equipment and supplies at marked
savings.

The Trading Post is one more reason why
progressive growers are turning to NCA —
the grower-owned, grower-controlled co-
operative with up-to-date facilities for serv-
ice as well as sales.

Natmut Crankrry As^matim

The Growers' Cooperative

Hanson, Massachusetts

Plymouth, Massachusetts

Onset, Massachusetts

BRANCHES AT:

No. Harwich, Massachusetts

Dennis, Massachusetts

Bordentown, New Jersey

North Chicago, Illinois

Long Beach, Washington

Markham, Washington

Coquille, Oregon

One

DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREHAM 162

S. G. M. Packard & Go.

H ard ware — Locksmiths
For Maintenance Supplies

USE DYNAMITE

The modem way to re-
move stumps, excavate
rocks, DIG CORES FOR
DIKES, and other blasting
work in cranberry growing.

Speeds up work — reduces costs.
CONSULT WITH US ON ANY
WORK YOU ARE PLANNING.
Trained by Hercules Powder Co.

ALTON J. SMITH

High St., Hanson, Mass.

Tel. Bryantville 209-R-3

IRRIGATION

for Cranberries

and
All Other Purposes

SKINNER SYSTEM
of IRRIGATION

Brookline, Mass.

Established 30 years

Extensive Experience in

ELECTRICAL WORK

At Screenhouaaa, Box* and
Pumps Means Satisfaction

ALFRED PAPPI
WAREHAM. MASS. Tal. Ale

Serving

Western Cranberry

Growers

with

High Quality Products

Rotenone

Pyrethrum

Sabadilla

Nicotine

Copper Sprays

Oil Sprays

Lime Sulphur Solution

Miller Products Company

Porlland 1, Oregon

Attention
Cranberry
Growers ! !

We have

Drain Pipe

Large Sized Terra Cotta
Makes a Permanent Installation

RALPH W. ELLIOT

Sandwich Rd., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 794

Mail Address: Buzzards Bay, RFD

Plumbing and Heating Service

Morris April Bros.

Bridgeton - Tuckahoe

New Jersey

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

H. R. Bailey Co.

South Carver
Massachusetts

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.
in stock

An Ad

I
m

CRANBERRIES \

I
I

is your message !

i

placed before the in-

I
dustry. j

Harvest

and

Shipping
Boxes

Jesse A. Holmes & Son

Carver, Mass.

Tel. Carver 10-3

SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY

ADAMS & GOULD

Lumber Dealers

"Everything Under Cover"

East Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Warehatn 648

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Paints - Hardware

Grossman's

On Cape Cod

"EVERYTHING TO
BUILD WITH"

Opposite R. R. Station

Sagamore, Mass.

778
Tels. Sagamore 779

KROP-SAVER

brand

INSECTICIDES
FUNGICIDES

For the Cranberry Grower

CROP-SAVER

CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc.

3511 West Potomac Avenue

Chicago 51, Illinois

Cape & Vineyard
Electric Company

Offices :

Chatham

Falmouth
Hyannis

Vineyard Haven

ElUblithed 184S

Hall & Cole

Incorporated

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

94 Faneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON, MASS.

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES
SPECIALTIES

Car Lot Receivers

The

National Bank

of

Wareham

Wareham, Mass.

INSURANCI COnPORATION

Acushnet
Saw Mills Co.

GOOD
WOOD BOXES

Cranberry Growers

Order Harvest and

Shipping Boxes

New Bedford, Mass.

Est. 1865

Wood
County
National
Bank

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT
INSURANCE CORPORATION

Cranberry Growers:

WE ARE IN POSITION TO
SUPPLY YOU WITH YOUR
1947 CRANBERRY CON-
TAINERS

also

Good Quality

Wheeling Plank

Quotations on Request

F. H. COLE

North Carver, Mass.

Est. 1707
WOODEN BOX MFGR.

Expecf Sizeable Delegation from

West Coast to NCA Annual Meeting

With Sales of $17,000,000,
Payments of $30 to Grow-
ers and Increased Mem-
bership, Large Attendance
June 24 is Predicted.

Plans for National Cranberry
Association's 17th annual meeting,
which promises to be one of the
most momentous in the cooper-
ative's history, are nearing- com-
pletion. A record attendance is
expected at the all-day meeting,
scheduled for Hanson, Mass., June
24, including- some 10 or 15 mem-
bers from the West Coast who
have indicated that they will be
present — the first time Washing-
ton and Oregon growers have made
the cross-country journey for the
meeting.

Sales of NCA's Ocean Spray
products reached the all-time high
of $17,000,000 during the past fis-
cal year, by far the largest volume

since Ocean Spray first went on the
market. Returns to growers also
reached a record high, payments of
$30 having already been mailed to
members, with a final payment to
come.

NCA's officers are looking for-
ward to the largest attendance
ever at the meeting, partly because
members are keeping closely in
touch with the affairs of their co-
operative and partly because the
membership itself has grown con-
siderably in the past year. The
co-op lists some 230 growers as
having joined NCA since June 1,
1946, bringing the total member-
ship to 950.

The agenda will include reports
on the year's activities, a forecast
for ne.xt year, and a lobster salad
luncheon at noon. NCA's two heli-
copters, which will be used for
dusting members' crops this sum-
mer, will be on exhibit at the Han-
son plant.

CONTROL...

Blunt-Nosed Leafhopper
Gypsy Moth Caterpillar
Blackheaded Fireworm

PYROCIDE DUST

• Quick-Kill

• Non-lrrifating

• Non-Poisonous

• Economical

NON-POISONOUS

PYROCIDE
DUST

Beaton's Distributing
Agency, Inc.

WAREHAM, MASS.

(Ace I'hoto)

Growers' Company-
Has Jersey Man
For Field Work

Pemberton, N. J. — It is an-
nounced by Theodore H. Budd, Sr..
of Pemberton, president Growers'
Cranberry Co., that Walter Z. Port
has been chosen to represent the
Company in its member contact
work.

Fort, a native of the Pemberton
area, makes his home at Wrights-
town, a few miles north of Pem-
berton. He attended Pemberton
High school, studied botany and
biology at Rutgers College, New
Brunswick, N. J, After finishing
college Fort went into government
service, served 44 months in the
Navy after the outbreak of war,
then returned to government ser-
vice. While in the Navy he par-
ticipated in the battle of Guam.

The hiring of Fort is part of the
Growers Cranberry Company ex-
pansion plan, which includes an
extension of service to members as
well as a drive for new members.
It was voted to hire su:h a man
at the Growers' Cranberi-y Com-
pany annual meeting, held in Ap-
ril at Pemberton.

Fort is president of the alumni
association of Pemberton High
school, is a member of the Rotary,
and adjutant of the Eaton-Stanley
Post of the American Legion of
Pemberton.

V^ ^^0'»»^""""'"'>'«4ff,^^^<^

Issue of June, 1947

12. No. 2

Massachusetts.

* Tu rr.,,r-\^Y Print Shon Main St.. Wareham. Massachusetts. Subscription, 5.i.0U per year,
fed'afs^ond-aas's ^U^/ja^n^uaTy^^ 1941,*^:? ■theTost-office at Wnreham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879

Entered as second

FRESH FROM THE FIELDS

By C J. H.

MASSACHUSETTS

Month Besaii Cold

The cold weather which had
moved in from Canada at the close
of April continued for the first ten
days or so of May, conditions being
abnormally cold, with rain and
cloud. Weather cleared for the
evening of May 8, bringing the
first of four successive nights of
frost warnings. Lowest temper-
atures were reached on that night
(morning of the 9th), there being
14° repoi-ted both in Plymouth and
at Cataumet on the Cape. Night
of the 9th was also low, but not as
low as the previous. Nights of the
10th and 11th were not so bad, par-
ticularly the final night with some
cloud and winds.

Growers had ample warning, af-
ternoons and evenings, and there
was plenty of water for those who
had flowage facilities.
Frosts
There followed a couple of warm
days, temperatures being in the
80s, and then there was an abrupt
turn the night of the 14th and
morning of the 15th. Unofficial
"Straw Hat Day" brought a frost
with temperatures as low as 16°.
with 18% and many reports of 20°.
The two 16s were in Barnstable
County at Santuit and Bay View
(Hyannis). the 18° at the Make-
peace bog at Pierceville, Wareham.
There was tremendous variation in
Barnstable County, especially on
the outer Cape where the wina
blew nearly a gale, but at other
places there was calm and the mer-
cury dropped like lead. The fol-
lowing night brought another
heavy frost with temperatures of
18' reported.

As the result of these two nights
there was some frost injury, par-

ticularly on dry bogs. The first
two weeks of May had brought
freaky, unseasonal cold, some ex-
treme highs, and about as much
rain as normally recorded in the
entire month.

Month Ends Cold

May ended with a warning and
some frost on the morning of June
1. Temperatures of 29° were re-
corded and a low of 25° at Car-
lisle, in Middlesex County.

Estimate 1° Frost Damage

At end of May Dr. Franklin had
tentatively set down the amount of
frost damage as 1 per cent, al-
though this might be modified.
This damage occurred on bogs
which could not be protected with
water.

The month, he felt, had provided
too much rain to help crop pros-
pects and there had been too little
sunshine.

With a March and April warmer
than normal and a May a little bit
cooler than normal he felt the
keeping quality of the prospective
crop as of that date would prob-
ably be "fair."

Gypsies
A considerable gypsy moth in-
festation was developing, but in
Dr. Franklin's estimation at the
month end it was about an average
infestation. This infestation was
quite general, from the Capo to
Halifax.

May as a whole was a month
which did nothing to increase crop
prospects, except that the frost
loss was as moderate as it was.

Rainfall Excessive

Total fall for the month was re-
corded at the State Bog as 5.22
inches, an amount considerably in
excess of normal.

WISCONSIN

Frosts. But No Damage

Although there were several
frosty nights during the latter
part of April and the first of May
there was probably no damage to
cranberry fruit buds up to end of
the month, it was believed. Tem-
peratures as low as 6 above were
reported at northern Haywood and
9 in Cranmoor. There were sev-
eral nights in the lower twenties
and two nights at 16 and 18. Even
with the amount of flooding done
for frost protection the growers
have an adequate Supply, and it
appears this supply will be suffic-
ient for the entire frost season.
400 New Acres
Several months ago C. D. Ham-
mond, Jr., general manager Wis-
consin Cranberry Sales Company,
piedicted 500 acres of new marsh
would be planted this spring, but
now he does not expect this figure
will be quite reached, although he
does expect the new acreage will
be around 400. Weather condi-
tions were against the growers,
also other factors entered in, such
as the high price of vines and in
some cases shortages of labor.
Vines Brought High IVices
The tremendous amount of vines
mowed this year for sale to grow-
ers nutting in new marshes might
have some eff"ect on crop produc-
tion for the state as a whole. Prob-
ably this will bo noticeable. Grow-
ers have been getting anywhere
from $190 a ton net weight up to
$350 per ton dry weight. Some
growers have taken advantage of
the good prices and are mowing
their vines and then spraying to
treat the weeds on the niow-ed
aieas.

(Continued on Pase 29)

Five

Cranberry Breeding Investigation of the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture

F. B. CHANDLER, R. B. WILCOX, H. F. BAIN. II. F. BERGMAN, and HAIG DERMEN

(Continued from May issue)
The following is a brief sum-
mary of the material presented in
the first part of the article. The
U. S. Department of Agriculture
began the Cranberry Breeding Pro-
gram in 1929. In all, 10,685 seed-
lings have been grown and ob-
served. The first selections were
made in 1940 and later selections
in 1945 and 1946. In all, 222 seed-
lings have been selected for a sec-
ond test.

Range of Desirable Qualities
of Selections

The following paragraphs give
some indication of the range of the
desirable qualities of the seedlings
remaining after eliminations. From
the original 10,000 seedlings possi-
bly not more than ten will be
saved for introduction as new va-
rieties, and it may be that the
number will be even smaller. If
it is impossible to obtain a few se-
lections with all of the desired
characteristics for all cranberry-
growing areas, then difl^erent se-
lections will be made for the differ-
ent states. Particularly this may
be necessary in respect to false-
blossom resistance, as false blos-
som is not known to spread on the
Pacific Coast and is controlled
more easily in Wisconsin and Mas-
sachusetts than in New Jersey.
Susceptibility to I.*afhopper
Feeding
The selections ranged in false-
blossom susceptibility from a rat-
ing of 8.7 to 15, which means that
the least susceptible are apparent-
ly as resistant as Shaw's Success
f9.5 rating), and the most suscep-
tible are better than Howes (17
rating). Of the general selection
.uroup, about three-fourths (74.2<:'; )
v.ere not significantly more attrac-
tive to the bluntnose leaf hopper
than are Early Blacks and Mc-
Karlin, and one-third were signifi-
t-antly less attractive. See Table 2.
Date of Harvest
The date of harvest of many of
the seedlings was late oi- very late.
This was probably inherited from
McFarlin, which was used, because
of its field resistance to false blos-
som, as one of the parents for about
(W'r of the seedlings. Many seed-
Six

lings of the crosses of various va-
rieties with Early Black were not
early, but the crosses involving the
Early Black and Searles were nearly
all harvested before the 20th of
September. In selecting seedlings
from the first test, many of the
seedlings with very good charac-
teristics were discarded because
they were late, but in this first test
it was impossible to reduce the
number of selections harvested
from October 11-20. See Table 3.
Size of Fruit
The cup count of berries is a
very good measure of size of fruit
on bogs or marshes that have been
well vined in, but the cup count of
berries from the seedlings was less
than it will be after the vines be-
come fully established on bogs.
However, the selections that pro-

duce large berries as seedlings will
always produce relatively large
fruit. The available data have
been summarized and are present-
ed in Table 4, which shows that
over 60';( of the selections had cup
counts of 90 or less. See Table 4.
Decay
The percentage of rot in some of
the seedlings may be very surpris-
ing to many growers, but it must
be remembered that the named va-
rieties planted for comparison in
many locations in the test bog had
from 90-100'/; rot in 1945. There-
fore, a selection could have a very
high percentage of rot and still be
low in relation to the named va-
rieties. The sections of the bog
that had little rot in 1943 were not
always the same sections as those
with little rot in 1945. In view of

TABLE 2

Number of selections classed by decrees of suscertibility to leafhopper feedinc. The
susceptibility rating of the resistant Shaw's Success is 9.5. of Early Black and Mc-
Farlin is 1.1.0, and of Howes is 17.0.

e for
ibilit

V

Number

of Seedlings

Selected

from

I

Second Test
Selected from *'40"

First Tests

Katin

SuBcepI

M

ass

N.J.

Wis. ■

General

•93

"Special*'

63 •

Canning'

26

Not creator

than

n.5

1)

n

0

2

.■-1

10.1

to

11.0

0

0

1

9

5

11.1

to

12.0

2

0

1

21

7

1

12.1

to

IS.O

■■',

1)

1

1!1

15

3

13.1

to

14.0

■1

2

1

25

22

I

1-4.1

to

15.0

2

1

0

7

5

2

16.1

to

16. n

2

1

1

U

0

0

No determi

nation

0

0

0

10

li

19«

* The interest in cRnnin^r berries had not been shown when the cafeteria tests were
run, and these 19 s-?edl)nfrs did not have enough fresh-fruit duality to be included in
the cjifeteria tests.

TABLE

3

N

Limber of

selections classed by

harvest dates.

rvest

Number t

f set

dlincs

Selected from

Dale or H»

Second Test

(I IMS harvest in N.J.)

13 Selected from 40

(1944 &

First Tests
1945 harvest in N. .1.1

Mass

. N.J. Wis. "General

" 93

"Special" 63 "Canning'

26

lief ore Sept.

10

1 ._

2

:: 1

Sept. 11-20

—

1 1

1

2 3

Sept. 21-30

—

—

31

13 2

Oct. 1-lfl

5

2 2

13

20 !i

(let. 11-20

.'■)

1

10

2S 7

Oct. 21-.-!l

.3

1

6

2 2

No record

.- ._

3

this, all of the seedlings having
little rot in 1943 or 1945 were in-
cluded, as well as those that had
little rot in relation to their loca-
tion. No table of rot is given be-
cause of this variability and lack
of sufficient years of observation.
The percentage rot of the selec-
tions in 1943 varied from 5 to 58,
in 1945 from 9-90. The relative
rot in 1945 ranged from .13 to 2.2.
Yield
Yield of young seedlings is not
always a true index of their yield-
ing ability, as some types of vines
may give good yields over a period
of years and yet be slow to come

into bearing. Conversely, some of
those coming into bearing early
may not be consistent bearers over
a period of years. Many of the se-
lections did not fruit in 1943, but
the yield data for those that fruit-
ed are given in Table 5. The
relative yield, that is, the yield of
a seedling in relation to the sur-
rounding plants may be a better
criterion, as it eliminates much of
the effect of soil variability. The
data for the average relative yields
for 1944 and 1945 are presented in
Table 6. From the relative yield,
it is evident that a few of the
seedlings may have a slight ten-

dency to biennial bearing; for ex-
ample, one selection with a yield
at the rate of 94 bbls. per acre
(table 5) in 1943 had a relative
yield of 1.04 in 1944, and 1.72 in
1945. However, the selection with
the highest average yield bore
fruit at the rate of 54 bbls. in 1943
and a relative yield of 2.8 in 1944
and 5.0 in 1945.

Shape

Each seedling produced fruit
which was a different shape than
the adjacent plant. Only berries
which would screen well were se-
lected; see Fig. 1.

TABLE 4

Size of fruit of cranberry selections as measured by cup count

Number of Seedlinfis Selected from

Cup Count
per ^-^ pint

Less than 50

51-60

61-70

71-80

81-90

91-100

101-110

111-120

Over 120

Not counted

Second Test
Selected from 4 0

First Tests

Oeneral OS

Special 6:?

CanninE 2fi

0

5

16

21

16

20

5

5

11
HI
12

in

TABLE 5

Calculated yieM of cranberry selections in 1948 in barrels per acre

Yield in
Barrels
Per Acre

Number of Seedlings Selected from First Test

General 9S

Special 68

Cannintr 26

14-20
21-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
61-70
Over 71
No record *

2

58

4.1

* Many
•• This
tive yield
poor color,

TABLE 6

Kelatlve yield nf selections
rVii-ld in relation to the surroundinK seedlinEsl

Relativt
Yield

Average 19 4 4
and 1946

Number of Selections from First Tests

"General" 93

"Special" 63

Less than 1.0

t. 0-1.9

2.0-2.9

3.0 and over

1 T
68

7

of the Seedlings did not fruit in lit43.

seedlinK yielded at the rate Of 94 barrels per acre in 1943 and had a rela-
of 1.04 in 19^,4 and 1.72 in 1946. It was not in the Keneral list, as it had
, poor closs, a susceptibility ratinir of 13.4 and relative rot of 1.62 in 1946.

"Canning" 26

FIRST TEST GROUPS

Berry
Shape

26 15 7

3 3 n

33

23

No Record

Figure 1. Number of Cranberry.
Seedlings selected according to
Berry Shape.

Seven

Second Tests

Besides the variability of plant
characteristics, the soil variability
in the nursery was so great that
it would have been unwise to dis-
card to the desired number of ten
or less in the first test. Therefore,
plans were made to have ninety-
three in the second test and to
grow these in two bogs in New
Jersey, two in Massachusetts, and
one in Wisconsin. In each bog in
New Jersey and Massachusetts,
three plots of each selection were
set. In the future, therefore, there
Avill be at least twelve plots of
each seedling in the East for ob-
sei-vation, which should make it
possible to obtain detailed infor-
mation on all of the factors dis-
cussed above.

Second Test of "The 40 Selections"
Some of "the 40 selections" un-
der second test produced a few
berries in 194.5, but all of them
produced a erop in 1946. From the
observation of the fruit on the
vines, 13 were selected for further
test in Massachusetts, 5 wei-e se-
lected for further test in Wiscon-
sin, and 4 were selected for further
test in New Jersey. However,
none of the selections were com-
mon to all three groups. One of
the 13 for the Massachusetts tests
had to be harvested before full
maturity, as the bog was to be
flooded. Berries of the 5 selec-
tions for Wisconsin tests were not
available for the studies made.
Some of the records on the selec-
tions will be found in Tables 2, 3,
4 and 7, and some of the selections
are shown in Fig. 2, 3, P. 14, 15.
Processing studies of the selec-
tions for strained sauce made at
the National Cranberry Associ-
ation South Hanson plant showed
that one had excellent flavoi' and
that the yields of sauce were be-
tween those for Early Blacks and
Howes. Cranbeiry Cocktail studies
at South Hanson and East Ware-
liani indicalel that some of the se-
lections would be suitable for cock-
tail use. Whole sauce from some
of the selections made at East
Warehani was excellent.

As is shown in Table 7, yields
.'1 the 1."! selections in New Jersey
were at tlie rate of 24 to 80 barrels
|.er acre in 1946, and for the 5 se-
lections in Wisconsin at the rate

EiRht

of 95 to 185 barrels per acre. The
cup counts indicate that the selec-
tions have average-to-large ber-
ries, the selection with the small-
est berries having a cup count of
98 in 1946, and that with the larg-
est, 48. The readings for specific
gravity (ratio of the weight of
berries to the weight of an equal
volume of water) show that as
compared with standard varieties
'/s of the selections are heavy,
Va are average, and Vs are light.
The weight of a cup of berries
depends on both the specific grav-
ity and the closeness of packing of
the berries. The records indicate
that a quarter-barrel box of four
of the selections will probably
weigh as much as or more than
Howes. Five of the selections
have excellent appearance, and all
of the selections have kept well in
cellophane bags.

"Cafeteria" Test of Vines for

Leafhopper Resistance
The blunt-nosed leafhopper is
the vector, or carrier, by which
the false blossom virus disease is
tiansmitted from plant to plant in
the bog. It was found in 1930*
that the preference of the vector
for certain varieties of cranberries
as food plants was directly cori'e-
lated with the rate at which false
blossom spreads on those varieties
in the field. Insofar as has been
discovered, "unattractiveness" to
the leafhopper is the only type of
resistance to false blossom pos-
; essed by any variety of cranberry.
In order to determine the prob-
able relative rate of spread of
false blossom on seedlings, they
were given selective feeding tests.
Because the New Jersey growers
especially value resistance to false
blossom disease, the N. J. Agricul-
tural Experiment Station encour-
aged and financed the selective
feeding tests of 1945 on 362 of the
seedlings which were outstanding
horticulturally.

Essentially, such a test consists
in confining numerous leafhoppers
in small cages where they have
shoots of several cranberry selec-
tions on which to feed at will. At
least 2 named varieties are placed
in each cage as standards, of which

• lil3". Wilr-ox. R. B. and C. S. Bec-k-
with. A factor in the varietal resistance
(if cranberries tu the false-blossom dis-
ease. Jour. Asric. Res. 47 iSS.'i-.^tlO. fie.

the relative "attractiveness" is alj
ready known. Daily counts art
made of the numbers of insects oij
each variety. According to thes^
numbers, the varieties are then
rated on a "scale of susceptibility,''
on which the susceptible Howea
has a rating of 17; the somewhat
resistant Early Black and McFar-
lin, 13; and the resistant Shaw's
Success, 9.5. Because several va-
rieties of the food plant are dis-
played for selection by the hop-
pers, this test is often referred ta
as the "cafeteria test." It has
been applied to more than 500 ofl
the more promising seedlings m
the Department's breeding pro-
gram, and the resulting suscepti-
bility ratings have been one cri-
terion by which the seedlings have^
; een eliminated or preserved for
further testing. See Table 2.

There is some evidence to the
effect that a high susceptibility
rating indicates not merely that a
variety "tickles the palate" of the
insect, but that the leafhopper
recognizes the variety as one par-
ticularly well suited to its needs,
on which it can grow vigorously
and reproduce abundantly; and,
conversely, that on a less attract-
ive variety, with a low suscepti-
bility rating, it cannot develop
normally or perhaps survive from
one season to the next. This point
has not been proved experiment-
ally.

Tetraploid Cranberries
Tetraploid forms of several
cranberry varieties were obtained
in a series of experiments started
in 1940 at the Plant Industry Sta-
tion, Beltsville, Maryland. Details
of the experiments have been pub-
lished in technical journals (1),
(2); the present account summar-
izes the project as an integral part
of the cranberry breeding pro-
gram.

The use of artificially-induced
tetiaploidy as a tool in plant breed-
ing has been largely a develop-
ment of the past decade. The
principle is founded on the discov-
ery that certain chemical or phy-
.'ical treatments applied to grow-
ing plants have the efl'ect of inter-

(II. — Dermen. HaiK and Henrv F.
liain. Hill. Teriolinal and total poly-
ploidy in cranberries induced by colchi-
cine. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 38:4nn

(21. — Ditto, 1944. A general cyto-
histoloKical study of colchicine poly-
ploidy in cranberry. Amer. Journ. Hot.
•■11:4.51-463.

fering- with normal cell division in
such a way that when growth is
resumed, the cells have double
their former number of chromo-
somes. When the cells trans-
formed to the tetraploid condition
are located in the growing tip of
a plant or any of its branches, all
structures that develop from the
affected cells beyond the region of
change have the new chromosome
number. Coincident with the doub-
ling of chromosome numbers there
is often a doubling in intensity of
the original characteristics of the
plant, most conspicuously ex-
pressed as increase in size or
thickness of stems, leaves, flowers
nnd fruits.

The cranberry tetraploids were
developed by treating the plants
v.'ith colchicine. It was found that
a higher percentage of tetraploid
effects was obtained when the
treatments were applied to lateral
buds on runners rather than to the
tips. The most successful course
of treatment among many tried
was as follows: 1st day the termin-
al 4 or 5 inches of rapidly growing
runners were cut off and discard-
ed; 3rd day — 3 to 5 lateral buds
next to the cut ends were wetted

3 times (9.00 a. m., noon, 4 p. m.)
with drops of a 1', aqueous solu-
tion of colchicine to which Santo-
merse was added as a spreader;
.5th day — buds were again treated
as on 3rd day. When runnel's are
cut back as described, the single
lateral bud nearest the cut end
normally carries forward the
growth of the runner, becoming-
active within a very short time;
but when treated with colchicine,
the effects were sometimes so se-
vere that the end bud was sup-
pressed and one or two of those
farther back on the runner began
to grow; this was the reason sev-
eral were treated.

Branches growing from treated
buds were watched for the appear-
ance of tetraploid effects. Entire
runners were seldom changed to
the tetraploid condition; more of-
ten a strip or sector extending
rlong one side of the stem exhib-
ited tetraploidy. When this oc-
curred, a fully tetraploid branch
could be obtained by forcing one
of the buds on the sector into
growth. The tetraploid branches
were then separated from the
mother plant and propagated on
their own roots.

Because of the manner in which
plant growth develops, it is possi-
ble to tetraploidize certain tissues
of the plant independently of oth-
ers; an outer layer (the epidermis,
usually one cell in thickness) or
one or more internal layers that
give rise to the internal parts that
make up most of the volume of the
plant. Cranberry plants having
three degrees of tetraploidized and
normal tissues were obtained: (1)
epidermis tetraploid, all internal
layers normal (designated epi-
dermal tetraploids); (2) epidermis
unchanged, internal layers tetra-
ploid (internal tetraploids); (3)
all tissues tetraploid (total tetra-
ploids or merely tetraploids). The
significance of the different types
will become apparent presently.
The cranberry material eventually
included total tetraploid forms of
Centennial, Early Black, McFar-
lin, and Seai-les varieties; internal-
tetraploid forms of Early Black,
Howes, McFarlin, Searles and
Vose's Pride; and epidermal-tetra-
ploid forms of all the above va-
rieties. The plants were grown in
the greenhouse at Beltsville until
material was available for field

TABLE 7

Second test records of 18 cranberry selections from the "40 Selections" crown in New

Jersey i

n 1946

Select-

Vine

Yield

Cup

Seed

Specif-

Berry

Number of

Estimated

ed for

Cove r-

Bbls.

Count

Count

ic GroT-

Shape.

Growers

Picking

•.'?SE.,

age

per A.

from

from

ity from

Letters

Selecting

Date in

Cross

iVis.,

i9/;6

in

1946

N.J.

N.J.

below

on Appear-

N.J.

or 11. J.

l=poor

19i6

Crop

Crop

Crop*

refer
to

ance of
Berries in

1946

N.J.

rris.

N.J.

Vis.

5=!;ood

Fig. 2

Cell.. Bi^es..

F-rly Black x Howes

•i

5,

A5

98

10.9

0.704

A

N-^

Oct. 8

n „ X "

:J N.J.

h1

32

92

19.0

.692

B

43

Sept. 10

" "X f.lcFarlin

M

5

53

80

14.8

.701

C

36

Oct. 10

l> I' X "

M

5

80

79

16.3

.694

D

4

1

" " X 3eirl€-3

K

H

32

130

85

e5

Sept. 14

K " X "

1

A

35

79

18.2

.672

21

Oct. 1

II " X "

M N.J.

5

^5

93

14.2

.694

F

21

5

Howes X Searles

li

5

A8

70

15.9

.711

G

N

21

McFarlin x Bennett

:.i T.

5

50

175 ■

50

" 31

" X Early Black

M

5

58

89

14.5

.708

H

24

" 14

IT X " "

N.J.

H

69

Sept. 14

« y " "

Vi

i

50

(3)

(4)

Oct. 18

If X " "

M

5

56

73

14.8

.675

I

0

18

" X potter

W N.J.

5

27

185

65

5

n X Searles

A

i.

47

58

13.7

.707

J

2

15

Prolific X McFarlin

!.l

1

24

48

19.7

.657

K

24

15

It X "

1.1

3

30

58

18.7

.703

L

12

" 15

B X "

V.

2

6

95

40

1

•Snecilic eravitv of Early I

Jlack is C

.6fi9 an

d of 1

iowes

O.fiil'

(prrn

wn in

Wass. in 19

46) : ther

eforc. all but o

ne is hfavier thai

(4)

H under Coverairo 194fi" indicatis selections harvested before coveraKe estimate was made.
N in the next to last lolnmn indicates that these berries were not shown to all of the crowors.
In Wisconsin, this selection was mowed for priipacation in the sprinsr "f lOlfi.
Cup crmnt in Wisconsin. 1945, was 57
Fruit from this selection was

rtiiri-d on the

[»f Ihf May issue.

tests ill • New Jersey, Wisconsin,
and Massachusetts.

When grown in flats in the
g)-eenhouse, all three tetraploid
types proved vigorous. The epi-
dermal tetraploids were scarcely
distinguishable from normal plants
in general appearance, while in-
ternal and total tetraploid forms
had larger, thicker, and darker
green leaves, larger stems, and
taller uprights. Flower differences
followed the same rule, the epi-
dermals varying little from normal
in size and appearance, and the
other two forms having larger
and broader flowers. All three
types proved to be fertile. Berries
en the epidermals appeared to be
similar to those on normal plants,
while those on the other two types
were considerably larger, had
thicker flesh, and were decidedly
heavier. Preliminary observations
indicate that the epidermals ap-
parently had no useful character-
istics difl^erent from normal plants.
The internal tetraploids as young
plants usually had better color and
appearance than the total tetra-
ploids, partly because of superior
surface finish and partly because
the total tetraploids had a ten-
dency toward coarseness and over-
growth within the cal.vx lobes at
the blossom end of the berry. As
grown in the greenhouse, both the
internal tetraploid and total tetra-
ploid types appeared to offer dis-
tinct promise.

The plants have been growing in
the field too short a time to judge
their field behavior. As young-
plants in Wisconsin they appear to
be less hardy than normal cran-
berries, and vine in more slowly.
There is a tendency to produce up-
rights rather than vines, and it is
noticeable that the uprights set
fiuit buds in greater than normal
proportions. The relatively small
numbers of flowers that have
bloomed so far have been left to
liollinate by chance, and have not
set well; the berries have had few
seeds and have been disappointing-
ly small. This fruiting behavior
may well have been due to insuffic-
ient pollination, a relation that
should improve as the number of
tetraploid flowers increases.

The first tetraploids planted in
New Jersey behaved similarly to
those set in Wisconsin. However,
Ten

the tetraploids that were well es-
tablished in the greenhouse at
Beltsville and were set later in
New Jersey had heavy crops of
berries in 1946 which were very
well colored and were much larger
than the normal berries.

As soon as material became
available, hybridization was at-
tempted between the tetraploids
and the mossberry (Vaccinias oxy-
eoccos L., a cranberry relative hav-
ing the same chromosome number
as the tetraploids). The two spec-
ies were found to hybridize read-
ily and 240 hybrid seedlings are
now growing in the Wisconsin
nursery, but have not reached the
fruiting stage.

Crosses are also being made be-
tween varieties at the tetraploid
level. The tetraploid seeds are
usually viable and the seedlings
are vegetatively vigorous; it re-
mains to be seen if they are fer-
tile. Part of the tetraploid seed
was sent to Wisconsin for planting
and part planted at Beltsville.

In 1944, all available tetraploid
material from Beltsville was sent
to the Wisconsin nursery. This
consisted of the varietal tetra-
ploids described above, and the
first seedlings, 200 in number,
v.'ere grown from seeds from tetra-
ploid cranberries.

Distribution to Growers

Tentative plans for the distribu-
tion of final selections to growers
are being made in New Jersey,
iVIassachusetts, and Wisconsin.
In New Jersey and Massachusetts
it is proposed that the growers'
associations handle the distribu-
tion of selections for introduction
cind the allotments to individual
growers. This appears to be a
good method of insuring a fair
distribution of vines, and at the
same time it relieves both the
growers who have conducted the
second test and the research group
of handling the matter.

It is hoped that some vines will
be available for growers by 1950
and every year after that. The
ciuantity of vines for each grower
will be small, but will be enough
to permit him to test the selec-
tions in his own bog.
Summary

This article has been written to
inform the cranberry growers of
the Cranberry Breeding Program

of the U. .S. Department of Agri-
culture in cooperation with the
New Jersey and Massachusetts
State Experiment Stations and the
Wisconsin Department of Agricul-
ture. An attempt has been made
to show what a large undertaking
it has been and will continue to be.
Such a large project could not
have been accomplished without
cooperation such as was given by
the growers mentioned in the first
part of this paper and the United
Cape Cod Co., which was omitted
in the acknowledgement.

Though many very good seed-
lings were discarded when the first
lest was completed, the remaining
selections (about two per cent of
the seedlings set) will have
still more desirable characters.
Some are outstanding in yield,
some have a low rot rating, and
some have excellent color and
g-loss. The cup counts and har-
vest dates cover the range desired
by most growers. The false blos-
som resistance rating of the ma-
jority is as good as or better than
that of Early Black and McFarlin,
and the best are not excelled in
resistance by any varieties The
type of vine growth varies, but an
attempt has been made to elim-
inate all undesirable vines.

Each year additional informa-
tion will be obtained on the selec-
tions in the different locations, and
on the basis of this information the
best are to be introduced for culti-
vation. It is the hope of the
authors that these new varieties
will be enough better than present
varieties to repay many fold the
cost in time and money that is
necessary for their development.

HOW CRANBERRIES PLACED
IN A SALES SUMMARY

"Food Marketing in New Eng-
land", monthly publication of First
National Stores, in a summary of
fruit and vegetable dollar value
sales for the past year places cran-
berries 45th on the list, with the
percentage of 0.11 of total. Blue-
berries were 32 with a percentage
of 0.51. Bananas were in No. 1
position in dollar value, oranges
second, potatoes third (but first in
bulk); apples fifth.

LAST CALL for that new Duster or Sprayer.

And, ALMOST LAST Call for screenhouse equipment
or that pump you will need for Fall frost.

HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO.

E. C. St. Jacques

WAREHAM, MASS.

Control of Poison Ivy on Cape Cod Cranberry Bogs

Bv CHESTER E. CROSS*

Poison ivy is, perhaps, tlie best known and most objectionable weed
with which cranberry growers in Massachusetts have to contend. Many
people are very easily poisoned by contact with this weed, and those who
seem to be immune to its poisons can never be sure when their immunity
will cease. There are now any number of cases on record where people
have for years pulled this weed with no untoward consequences. Then
suddenly contact with the ivy vines and leaves produces severe blisters
and swellings of the skin, accompanied by the all too familiar, crazing-
itch. Even for those who have been immune to poisoning since birth, it
is best to be wary.

The fact that poison ivy often
produces serious skin inflammation
is not its only obnoxious quality.
Ivy climbs and twines about trees
and in time chokes, starves, and
distorts them. I have seen an ivy
stem twined in a regular spiral
around the trunk of an elm tree
and completely embedded in the
tissues of the tree which had tried
unsuccessfully to expand within
the tight cord of the ivy vine.
Many cranberry gi'owers have seen
areas of their bogs completely tak-
en over by an aggressive stand of
poison ivy. Its roots do not run
deep, but its vine-like stems can
grow over ten feet a year, while
their numerous upright branches
over-top the cranberry vines and
shade them out of existence. Sand-
ing on the ivy plants only stimu-
lates their growth and spread.

The time-honored method for
destroying weeds is that of pulling
them out. With most weeds such
a technique is simply onerous and
time-taking, but in pulling poison
ivy, many people become seriously
poisoned despite gloves, long-
sleeves and sundry other precau-
tions*; and it often seems to those
who pull ivy that, since it grows
again from roots and underground

• Dr. Chester E. Cross holds an assoc-
iate professorship at the Massachusetts
Experiment Station, East Wareham.
Massachusetts, where he has specialized
in research in weed control.

* Those who are susceptible to ivy
poisoning can pull this weed with com-
parative safety only when they are well
protected. Long-sleeved shirts, ample
gloves, and a wrapping of paper at the
wrists is safest. Similar protection is
necessary for legs and ankles. Care
should be used in touching the outer sur-
face of gloves used in pulling ivy. If an
immune individual has been pulling ivy
with bare hands, he must be careful not
to touch the skin of another person, even
after his hands have been thoroughly
washed. Once the poisoning has been
contracted, the writer has found greatest
relief from liberal applications of the
commercial preparation marketed as
"IVY DRY". It has been asserted that
a coating of yellow laundry soap to the
arms and hands prior to pulling ivy will
prevent poisonous action. The writer is
skeptical of this precaution, at least with
respect to susceptible persons.

stems left in the soil, their efforts
have been wasted.

This condition need not be the
case. Particularly if a man dares
to handle ivy plants with his bare
hands, it is possible for him to
follow the long trailing stems with
his fingers, pulling only slightly
and gradually lifting the stems and
shallow roots out of the soil. After
freeing the roots for a considerable
distance, it is usually advisable to
break the runner off. If the ivy is
growing among cranberry vines,
this work of lifting out the long
ivy runners can often be done with-
out unduly disturbing the cran-
berries. Then if the shoot is brok-
en off and gently pulled through,
the cranberry vines will not be up-
rooted. This method is tedious
and expensive, but it is reasonably
thorough if it is executfrl cavtfui-
ly. If the ivy puller realizes that
his first long effort will not erad-
icate the stand of ivy, but simplv
stop the ivy's spread and restrict
its stand to the few roots left in
the soil, he will not be discouraged
when a month later he finds more
ivy shoots appearing in the plot.
He should then pull it again with
the same care as at first, and he
will have his ivy problem beaten.
The following year in June or July
he should search the area carefully
again and pull out any ivy that has
reappeared.

(Continued on Page 18)

Elever

(^ditMals

ISSUE OF JUNE, 1947
Vol. 12 No. 2

INCREASING PRODUCTION
PER ACRE

THE statement in the preliminary report !i
of the 1947 Cranberry Survey by C. D. .
Stevens, chief agricultural Statistician, New ,.
England Crop Reporting Service, and Fred-
erick E. Cole, Massachusetts Commissioner
of Agriculture, that even more significant '
than the increase in acreage is the notable
improvement in flowage facilities seems be-
yond dispute. Bogs with full flowage pro-
tection increased 1,951 acres or 30 per cent
since the last previous survey in 1934.

In spite of slackened economic condi-
tions of the late 30s, in spite of the war,
cranberry growers have forged steadily
ahead in improving old bogs, as well as
putting in new. A good, small bog is not
better than a good, big bog, but good small-
er acreage in the long run will be found to
be more profitable than larger acreage in
poorer condition. That has been proven in
New Jersey where growers found to their
cost that big acreage not soundly put in (by
the bog owners of years ago) was not as
profitable as smaller, better built property
with adequate water facilities — a condition
from which Jersey is now endeavoring to
recover.

Production possibilities of Massachu-
setts and of other areas as well, can be in-
creased to the advantage of the individual
growers and of the industry.

And that cranberry production, as well
as production per acre, is going up is un-
doubtedly a good thing. Bumper food
crops seem to be almost getting to be a hab-
it with agriculturists of the United States.
1947 reports indicate this country will have
bumper production in general for the elev-
enth consecutive year of good crops. If
producers of food stuffs in this country are
consistently to produce more successfully
each year, it is well the cranberry growers
are in line. The prospects are that the
United States will eat well this year, even
though the picture is a sad one in many
parts of the world.

With the markets of the country well
stocked with foods of nearly every descrip-
tion, cranberries fresh and processed should
be there also in adequate quantities. In-
creasing production, and especially in-
creasing production per acre, indicate they
will be and can be at fair competitive prices
with other fruits.

Twelve

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM. MASSACHUSIfTTS

Subscription $3.00 per year
Advertising rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS

Wisconsin

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington-Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY

Cranberry Specialist

Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK

Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Statiori

East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON
Barnstable County Agricultural Agent
Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station,

Pemberton, New Jersey

THIS month, in addition to concluding
the major article on the Cranberry
breeding investigation, which is the first
comprehensive summation of this import-
ant pro.ject, we believe the article by Dr.
Chester Cross on "Poison Ivy Control", and
the outline of Dr. Colby's lectures on
"Cranberry Soils" are particularly worthy
of note. We understand very little scien-
t'fic attention has been given to poison ivy.
this common pest that it is. More articles
by the scientists of the industry are planned
for the fu/ure, and we feel cranberry grow-
ers are fortunate in having this material
prepaid for their study.

Pictorial Section

It h aj v

* a.

: c

.>• ? 2 c

V. r —

S 5 *-'

■ £ -o a

n a bn ~ o

«Q &

01 U '^ u ffi 13 X

EC--:

Is

nJ (0 flj *£

«s

•S ■= X
•o u p

o •- .£

E =

ui o u .a n

E

ft "^ o *- _

•1 r: 5 J

'^"hirlccn

O. 3

■S .S

^ c

ca o

a CL,

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a»

3 0*^
be -C I*

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Fourteen

Figure 3. Picture of berries to give some idea
of their appearance in a group. The optimum
date of picking is in Table 7. (Cranberries Photo)

Associate Assigned
to Tomlinson in
Barnstable County

An associate county agricultural
agent has been named to work with
Bertram Tomlinson in Barnstable
County, Cape Cod proper. He is
Oscar S. Johnson, a native of the
Cape. This appointment should
provide opportunity for Mr. Tom-
linson to provide even more time
to cranberry work than he has in
the past, although he has always
given extremely valuable and in-
tensive attention to cranberry cul-
ture in his county.

Mr. Johnson is a resident of Cen-
terville and completed several

years in 4-H work before entering
Barnstable High school. After
graduating from there, he attended
Rhode Island State College, where
he specialized in horticulture, grad-
uating in 1941 with a B. S. degree.
For nearly a year after leaving
college, he worked with his father
in landscape gardening and left
this work to enter military service.
He now holds the rank of captain
in the Reserve Corps.

At present, Mr. Johnson is hand-
ling- all requests for assistance on
home gardens and home grounds
improvement. He will be available
for office conferences, telephone
calls, visits to home owners on re-
quest, and also for speaking en-
gagements on these two subjects.

Fifteen

FIRST MASS. ROOT
GRUB MEETING

Opening gun of the 1947 Massa-
chusetts Root Grub campaign was
fired early, this being a field meet-
ing at the State Bog, East Ware-
ham, April 11, called by County
Agent "Dick" Beattie. Root Grub
is now Bay State insect pest "No.
1", and Dr. Franklin told the grow-
ers assembled that if it was not
for Root Grub, Massachusetts
might hai-vest an annual 150,001
barrels more.

The entiie State Bog was bein v
cyanid,ed that week, and at 2 p. .n.
Dr. Franklin, Dr. Chandler, "Joe"'
Kelley and Beattie held a discus-
sion of the life history of the three
types of Root Grubs involved; la li-
tem slides were shown, and, spe-i-
mens had been gathered for iden-
tification. The three Grubs are
Root Grub, White Grub and Grape
.Anomata.

The growers watched the cyan-
iding in progress and then wit-
nessed a demonstration of proper
aiiplication of PDB flakes, followed

by the application of an inch of |
sand, this being done by George j
Rounsville and crew. Demonstra- ;
tions were similar to two held, last ;
season, but it was felt repetition 1
was desirable, particularly because i
of many younger and new growei's, j
and this group was noticeable in I
the meeting attendance. Grub is '
present on some Barnstable Coun- ,
ty bogs, but not nearly so serious j
east of the canal, although Barn-
stable County Agent Tomlinson
and some Cape growers wei'e pres- ,
ent. j

Latest addition to the E. D. Atwood collection at
South Carver, Ma.ss., of out-dated rail equipment is No.
34, origin.-il mail car used by the now defunct New Bed-
JSixttven

ford & Onset Street Railway A real museum piece, this
car, huilt about 1905, shown in transpoi t to Edaville, by
the Gaiilt Transportation Company. ( Cranbirric.-^ I'holu)

Control Blunt-Nosed Leafhopper

^c<MamiMM<f

NON-POISONOUS

PYROCIDE
DUST ^

HIGH IN KILLING POWER
UNIFORM

• Stop the spread of False Blossom disease by controlling the
Blunt-Nosed Leafhopper. And get the added protection of quick-
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Save your men the discomfort of throat and skin irritation . . .
without sacrificing high killing power. Pyrocide Dust, weight for
weight, has killing power equal to or better than clear pyrethrum,
yet costs a great deal less.

Pyrocide Dust effectively and quickly controls the Gypsy Moth
Caterpillar and Black-headed Fireworm.

If you are interested in DDT insecticides, ask your distributor
about effective Multicides*— or write us direct.

*'rrade Marh Reg. U.S. Pat. Off.

MAKERS OF INSECTICIDES

MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA

FOUNDED 1902

Seventeen '

Ivy Control

(Continued from Page 11)

The above technique for dispos-
ing of ivy is actually more practi-
cable than the expense seems to in-
dicate. Before a grower dismisses
this idea, he would do well to con-
sider what the ivy is costing him
in terms of reduced crop and in-
creased picking costs. Also, he
would do well to think twice be-
fore rebuilding an infested area at
a time when labor costs are high.
Rebuilding now will throw that
area out of production while ber-
ries are selling at a high price, and
possibly keep it out of production
until berries are selling for much
less. If he considers the matter
carefully, and if he still has a fair
number of cranberry vines inter-
mingled with the ivy, I think this
hand-weeding method will not ap-

Continental Red Seal
Industrial Engines

J. M. HACKETT

No. Hanover, Mass.

Tel. Rockland 1864

pear so impractical. Of course,
the chief difficulty is to find people
who will handle the ivy and be will-
ing to do the thorough and careful
work outlined above.

If the stand of ivy is too dense
and extensive, or if the cranberry

grower cannot find careful weed-
ers for the job, he is forced to hope
for chemical control measures. We
have, to date, found only one treat-
ment for ivy on cranberry bogs
which kills the Ivy without injur- '
ing the cranberry vines. This

BOLENS GARDEN TRACTORS

(WITH SICKLE BAR ATTACHMENT)

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ENGINE DRIVEN GENERATORS

FOR EMERGENCY AND ALL TYPES OF APPLICATIONS

BRIGGS & STRATTON ENGINES

PORTABLE PUMPS

POWER MOWER EQUIPMENT

Complete Mechanical Service

INDUSTRIAL ENGINES— from Va H. P. to 100 H.

P.

Alan Painten Company

Established 1922

Hanover, Mass. Tel. Hanover 334

I

We are "All Set" to serve Massachusetts Growers

* WITH ANY JOB OF BOG RENOVATION.

* NEW BOG CONSTRUCTION

* BOG MAINTENANCE

We have Power Shovels (3) ; Tractor Bulldozers (3) ; Cranes, Scrapers, 90-
Yard Screener; Power Winches, Draggers; Road Grader — 30 competent Oper-
ators and employes— AND THE NECESSARY EXPERIENCE AND KNOW-
HOW.

E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Pranconia Service Station

Freight Transportation (including cranberries
in season). Heavy equipment hauling.
Tel. 227

Franconia Coal Co.

Water-White Kerosene for Weed Control this
spring.

Tel. 39-R

Tires, Tubes, Batteries, Auto and Truck Re-
pairing and Greasing. Jenney Gasoline and
Motor Oils.

Distributors for
MACK and INTERNATIONAL TRUCKS

Tel. 39-R

CAULT CONSTRUCTION COMPANY

"EDDIE" T. GAULT, JR.

Main St., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. 227

Eighteen

treatment consists of scattering
7*'2 lbs. of para-dichlorobenzene
(PDB) evenly over the infested
area and covering it immediately
with an inch of sand. If the vines
arc thin, only four or five wheel-
ban-cw loads of sand will be need-
ed per square rod, but if the vines
rre thi k and dense it may require
as many a.i eight or nine wheel-
barrow loads to cover the PDB ade-
'raatcly. In judging how much
should be used, it is better to put
on too much than too little. If the
.-sand i> scattered skillfully, it is
sur;iiising how much can be spread
without actually burying an ap-
preciable number of cranberry up-
rights.

The PDB method for killing poi-
son ivy is mcst effective in June
and July. If the bog is not to be
flooded for frost, the treatment can
be used well during the last half
of May. Nothing is as yet known
of the value of PDB under sand in
the fall.

The PDB treatment will often
kill nearly 100 *;< of the ivy plants.
It is least effective near the bog

ditches where apparently the heavy
vapors escape laterally from under
the sand. This treatment is ex-
pensive, but during these days of
high valuations both on property
and fruit, it is also a heavy ex-
pense to the grower to have areas
out of production; and it should
not be forgotten that the presence
of ivy in cranberry vines cuts
down the crop in the area, the ef-
ficiency of picking that crop, and
reduces the value of the bog. Then,
too, the grower is liable for his
pickers. If they are poisoned they
may be unable to work, and they
may even bring suit for damages.
Where poison ivy has actually
choked out a large proportion of
the cranberry vines, or where it
has established itself on shores or
uplands surrounding the bog, it is
not necessary to go to the expense
of pulling the ivy or treating it
with PDB. Here the ivy should be
killed with some chemical which
will not poison the soil for too
long. Probably the best choice is
ammonium sulphamate, better
known in the trade as "ammate".

Western Picker Is
Lig-ht— Made of
Cast Magnesium

CONTROL...

Blunt-Nosed Leafhopper
Gypsy Moth Caterpillar
Blackheaded Fireworm

PYROCIDE DUST

• Quick-Kill

• Non-L'ritating

• Non-Poisonous

• Economical

NON-POISONOUS

PYROCIDE
DUST

IHIGN IN KIIUNC POWER

CROP-SAVER
CHEMICAL CO., INC.

3511 Potomac Avenue
CHICAGO 51, ILLINOIS

The new Western Picker which
will be in use this harvest season
is made entirely of magnesium.
Cast Magnesium is one of the
lightest metals, being over one-
third lighter than cast aluminum,
is tough, stiff and strong, can be
bent without breaking, and with-
stands abrasion and corrosion.

Sevei-al interesting- things hap-
pen when magnesium is cast into
molds. First, air must be excluded
lest the metal catches fire. This
is accomplished by covering the
molten metal with a flux composed
of sulphur, borax and chlorine.
This, of course, imparts an "ether-
eal" odor around the operation.
Another peculiarity of the casting
process is that the two sepai'ate
streams of the molten metal will
not fuse when they meet so that
all castings must be poured through
one gate. The metal rolls in the
mold rather than flows.

It melts at 1204 degrees as
against 2768 degrees for iron.
Magnesium is "mined" in the oc-
ean, sea water is made slightly
alkaline, and the resultant mag-
nesium hydroxide is filtered out.

Many new and novel ideas are
centered around the Western Pick-
er: The machine itself is novel be-
cause of its speed, picking over an
acre a day; the use of magnesium
reduces its weight; the use of Neo-
prene grips the vines with a firm
but elastic hold; the use of stain-
less steel in the pruning knives and
sickles ends dulling due to rust.

The most novel idea of the West-
ern Picker is in the economics of
cranberry growing — when harvest-
ing the crop ceases to be one of
the major worries of the cranberry
grower.

After August 15th two of these
pickers will be demonstrated in
each cranberry state with twenty
pickers operating in Massachu-
setts. They are all sponsored by
the National Cranberry Associ-
ation and will be under the per-
sonal observation of "Rudy" Hill-
strom, President of Western Pick-
ers, Inc., and "Joe" Stankavich,
one of the three brothers who in-
vented the machine. (Advt.)

Nineteen

This chemical is best sprayed in
June or July, 75 lbs. in 100 gals,
of water at 200 to 250 gals, per
acre, depending upon the density
cf the stand of ivy. This first
spray will kill a great deal of the
ivy, but in five or six v/eeks some
spindly and weak growth will prob-
ably be observed near the ground.

JARI POWER SCYTHE

Cuts weeds, grass, brush
Write for details

CALCO

Rainmaker

Portable Steel Pipe

Milorganite

Organic 6% Nitrogen Fertilizer

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for long servi^4> Sand and dirt proof. Wa-
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jl BUCKNER MANUFACTURING CO.jf.
1615 Blackstone Ave., Fresno, California

BUCKNER SPRINKLERS

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If this regrowth ivy is again
sprayed with the above solution
some t'me in August, the grower
can be reasonably sure that his ivy
is dead. The area can now be
cleared for rebuilding, but because
cf the toxic qualities of ammate
left in the soil, must not be plant-
ed until the following spring af-
ter winter rains and flood have
leached the poisons from the soil.

Ammate is as corrosive to spray-
ing equ'pment as salt or copper
sulphate, so that after each spray-
ing, the equipment must be care-
fully cleaned. The best method
for cleaning is repeated rinsing
with water. Ammate is not poi-
sonous to human beings or ani-
mals. It resists flame and so act-
ually reduces the fire hazard on or
about the bog. It can be used on
the shores and uplands in place of
mowing, but if it is applied repeat-
edly, the turf is quickly destroyed
and the shore bank rapidly washes
into the ditch.

Prior to the discovery of the
killing power of ammate on poison
ivy, sodium chlorate was the best
known killer. Even very weak so-
lutions of sodium chlorate (1%
lbs. in 100 gals, of water) when
sprayed on ivy will completely de-
foliate it (and the cranberry vines
as well). But new ivy leaves are
quickly formed, even when the so-
lutions are much stronger. Re-

peated applications do not seem to
kill the ivy plants, at least soon
enough to be of value to cranbeiTy
growers. However, if 7% lbs. of
dry sodium chlorate is scattei'ed
evenly on a square rod infested
with ivy, it will kill all plants in-
eluded in the area, ivy as well as
cranberry vines. This chemical
will poison the soil for a longer
period than the ammate, but we
believe that one winter flood after
the dry application of chlorate is
sufficient to leach the soil for
spring planting. Sodium chlorate
is very inflammable and must be
handled with great caution.

Many chemicals that are poison-
ous to other plants do not kill poi-
son ivy. Iron sulphate (ferrous
sulphate) scattered dry at four
tons per acre will not injure ivy
plants. Ferric sulphate (Ferrisul)
at one and a half tons per acre will
cause it no injury. Common salt
(sodium chloride) at four tons per
aci'e will not give a satisfactory
kill, though this treatment will
kill all cranberry vines and many
other weeds. Solutions of ammon-
ium thiocyanide are far more toxic
to cranberry vines than they are
to poison ivy. Borax acts quickly
on poison ivy, but, while the ivy
recovers and produces a new set of
leaves, cranberry vines slowly but
surely die. Poison ivy readily sur-
vives applications of kerosene in

IISI »VASHlN«;r(l\ STKEFT
WEST PIEWTON (i.l. MASS.

THOMAS BROTHERS
General Contractors

MIDDLEBORO. MASS.

Tel. Midcileboro 772

Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells
Transit Mix Concrete

Complete Line of Construction Equipment
Excavating - Grading - Hauling

Leave the Tough Jobs for Us
Our Experience is Your Guarantee

Twenty

excess of 1000 gals, per acre. So-
lutions of 2,4D strong enough to
kill poison ivy also kill tranberry
vines.

Various solutions can be used to
burn the foliage of poison ivy.
sodium arsenate IV2 lbs. in 100
gals, of water @ 200 gals, per
acre, sodium arsenite at 1 lb. in 100
gals, of water @ 200 gals, per
acre, and common salt (sodium
chloride) at 100 lbs. in 100 gals, of
water @ 200 gals, per acre, but
only the last named can be used
throughout the growing season
without injuring cranberry vines.
This defoliation of ivy plants is of
questionable value because a new-
set of leaves is formed so quickly.
To cause permanent injury to the
poison ivy plants, they would have
to be defoliated four times a sea-
son, and even then the stand would
not be dead.

ti> get these valuable notes from Dr.
Colby "into the record" for cranberry
griwers. )

Cranb

erry

Soih

(Kditor's Note; The following is the
outline of the talks upon soil at the
Massachusetts "Cranberry Schools", by
Dr. William G. Colby, aKronomist. Mas-
sachusetts State College. It is printed

I. Role of Soil in Crop Production

A. As mechanical support for
crop plants.

B. As a reservoir for certain
plant nutrient elements. The sub-
stances used by living plants may
be called plant nutrients or plant
nutrient elements. The nutrient
elements generally recognized as
essential to normal plant growth
for most plants are as follows:
carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, phos-
phorus, calcium, potassium, mag-
nesium, sulfur, iron, nitrogen, cop-
per, manganese, boron, zinc, and
perhaps two or three more so-
called "minor elements." In soil
culture all of these nutrient ele-
ments, with the exception of car-
bon, oxygen and hydrogen, are
supplied to the plant through the
medium of the soil.

II. Soil Development — Upland vs.

Bog Soils

Well drained upland soils in
New England have developed un-
der a heavy forest cover. Rainfall
.has been moderately heavy and

soils which develop under these
conditions legardless of the parent
materials from which they were
derived acquire certain similar
chemical properties. Organic mat-
ter accumulates as a layer on the
ground surface as a result of the
annual fall of leaves and accumula-
tion of the remains of dead parts
of trees and other forms of vege-
tation. This layer of organic mat-
ter or "raw" humus, often reached
a depth of a foot or more. The
layer did not build up indefinitely
because rapid processes of break-
down or decomposition were going
on in these well aerated soils at the
same time fresh material was be-
ing added to the surface. A point
was reached at which the rate of
accumulation was evenly balanced
by the rate of decomposition or de-
struction. When this point was
reached the depth of the organic
matter layer became constant.

Decomposing organic matter re-
leased plant nutrient elements
which were then taken up by the
roots of living plants to again be
built up with plant tissue. Thus
a continuous cycle was set up

Call

X eter xA.« -Lie 1^

age

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 740

"KEEP SMILING"

Peter A. LeSai^e

^ YARMOUTH

Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries Tei. Barnstable 107

Twenty-one

which under natural conditions
could have operated almost indefi-
nitely.

CRANBERRY

GROWERS
WATCH US!

FROM NOW ON WE HAVE

SOMETHING INTERESTING

FOR YOU

AIRBORNE SPRAYER, INC.

20 Mill Street
Arlington, Mass.

Arlington 0128-J

Some products of organic mat-
ter decomposition when carried
down through the mineral horizons
of the soil by rain water exerted a
stiong- leaching action on soi!
minerals. Much of the calcium,
magnesium, potassium, as well as
other elements were brought into
.solution and if they were not taken
up by deep rooted plants were lost
from the soil in the drainage wat-
er. Note, therefore, that the ac-
cumulated layer of organic matter
and not the mineral soil represent-
ed the accumulated reserve or store
of fertility. When the forests were
cut down and the land was brought
under cultivation, the soils re-

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For Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation

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Consult Rain Bird engineering department for advice

on your irrigation problems.

For complete information on Rain Bird Sprinkling

Systems, write,

For the East and Midwest

L. R. NELSON MFG. CO.
Peoria, Illinois

On the Pacific Coast

R. M. WADE and CO.
Portland, Oregon

JOSEPH BRECK & SONS
85 State Street
Boston, Mass.

IRRIGATION DIVISION

VEGACRE FARM

Forestdale (Cape Cod) Mass

OREGON CULVERT CO.
Portland, Oregon

RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CO.

GLENDORA, CALIF.

mained fertile and productive just
so long as the reserve of organic
matter lasted. When that was
gone, supplementary application of
manures of one kind or another
became necessary.

Bog land soils, the soils which
support the growth of cranberries
either developed under water or
under conditions of very poor
drainage. The type of vegetation
was different from that of upland
soils and the conditions under
which these plants grew were dif-
ferent. A similar process of or-
ganic matter accumulation took
place and also organic matter de-
composition, but because of the ab-
sence of air or quantities of free
oxygen the accumulative processes
greatly over-balanced the destnac-
tive processes. The result was
that great quantities of organic
matter in form of peat and muck
accumulated in the ponds and low-
lands. Giadually the ponds disap-
peared, leaving behind these vast
deposits of "stored up" fertility.
It is these deposits which consti-
tute the "soils" which supplied
most of the fertility to the cran-
berry grower.

in. The mechanism of base ex-
change or how plants feed.

The fine colloidal clay particles
of a mineral soil and the fine col-
loidal particles of humus of an
oi'ganic soil are negatively charged.
The negatively charged particles
have an affinity for positively
charged elements such as hydro-
gen, calcium, magnesium, potas-
sium and other elements. A single
particle of clay or humus may
have several of these different
elements "attached" to its surface
at the same time. When a plant
loot hair comes in contact with a
clay or humus particle an "ex-
change" can take place whereby a
positive hydrogen (produced by
living processes within the root)
from the root hair can be traded
for a positive calcium or magnes-
ium or potassium on the clay or
humus particle. In this way the
reserve of these elements on the
soil colloids is gradually reduced
and the reserve of "replaceable"
hydrogen is increased. When the
supply of calcium, magnesium or
potassium in the soil is replen-
ished, hydrogen on the clay and

Twenty-two

humus particles can again be re-
placed and the reserve of "replace-
able" hydrogen reduced.

The base exchange mechanism
not only explains how certain ele-
ments are taken up by the plant
but also explains why many of
these same elements in the soil are
not easily leached or washed away.
It explains why the fertility of
cranberry bog soils is not rapidly
lost as a result of frequent flood-
ing.

IV. Base Exchange Capacity or
why cranberry plants grow
on "acid" humus.

The base exchange capacity
or the total quantity of positively
charged elements which can be ab-
sorbed, depends upon the total
quantity of colloidal clay or or-
ganic matter present in a given
quantity of soil. Soils with high
content of colloidal material can
"store" much larger quantities
than soils with low colloidal con-
tent. Since cranberry "soils" are
mostly organic matter, their "stor-
age" or exchange capacity is very
large.

The total exchange capacity for
cranberry mucks and peats is ten
to thirty times greater than for
many productive upland soils. Be-
cause of this very large "storage"

capacity, it is possible to have a
large amount of "exchangeable"
hydrogen present which makes the
".soil" acid and also to have a
large quantity of calcium, mag-

bm

J>5JQ PROTECT

THIS YEAR'S PROMISE FOR

A

PROFITABLE

CRANBERRY CROP

Use Black Leaf 40 in accordance with State
recommendations for the control of

Blackheaded Fireworm Blunt-Nosed Leafhopper
Spittle Insect Red-Striped Fireworm

TOBACCO BY-PRODUCTS & CHEMICAL CORP.

Incorporated
LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY

■ rr^/^'^^~

A

^

Pmenh Rotattdhmiki^

Saves Costly Repairs
and Renewals

WHERE

THERE IS CUPROLICNUM

THERE IS NO ROT

PROTECTS CANVAS, NETS, ROPES AND WOOD

Protect Your Flumes and Gates

New England Representative

ROBERT S. CHASE

195 Marlboro Street Boston 16, Mass.

Twenty-three

iicsium, ])otassium, ami other posi-
tively charged elements present
which the cranberry plant can uti-
lize. A cranberry soil with a pH
of 4.0 may actually have much
more available calcium than an up-
land soil with a pH of 7.0.
I. The Nitrogen Cycle and the
Cranberry Plant
In upland soils the natural
source of nitrogen is from the de-
composition of organic matter.
Complex proteins are broken down
to give simpler amino acids. These
acids in turn yield ammonia and
ammonia in turn is changed to ni-
trite nitrogen and finally to ni-
trate nitrogen. In a productive
upland soil the most important
form of nitrogen is the nitrate
form.

In the cranberry "soil", because
of the lack of aeration or free oxy-
gen, it is difficult to explain how
much nitrate nitrogen would ever
be formed. New Jersey experi-
ments indicate that the cranberry
plant can use nitrogen in the
amino acid form and also in the
ammonium form. Hence it would
appear that the complete nitrogen
cycle is not essential to the normal

functioning of the cranberry plant.
VI. J'os.sible functions of Sand in

Bog Construction

A. Sand layer lowers level of
fertility. Past experience has
shown that growing cranberry
vines in muck directly results in
heavy vine growth with sparse set-
ting of fruit. Weeds are more
troublesome.

B. Sand layer aids in temper-
ature relationships.

C. Sand promotes rapid drain-
age and aids aeration.

Late News

COPTERS ARE HERE
Dusting-spraying helicopters
have arrived in Massachusetts.
"Ocean-Sprayer, No. 1", holding
U. S. agricultural dusting license
No. 1, began work on some bogs
the first of June and was welcomed
at a press demonstration at the
lOO-acre Pembroke bog of United
Cape Cod Cranberry Company
June 5. A considerable crowd
gathered to see this "flying wild-
mill", purchased by National Cran-
berry Service Corporation, a sub-

sidiary of National Cranberry .\s-
•sociation. which inaugurated this
type of air service.

Oilot Rowland C. Roelofs, under
the direction of chief pilot and
president Fred W. Soule, brought
the Bell 'copter to the bog side in
vertical landings and take-offs; he
dusted a few inches above the vines,
hovered, flew it backwards and
sideways as well as forward.

On June fith a second Bell 'cop-
ter was flown to Middleboro from
Niagara Falls, New York, where it
will be placed at the disposal of
members of New England Cran-
berry Sales Company, being leased
through Wiggins Airways of Nor-
wood. This ship was brought in
to a field across from the Sales
Company office, shortly after noon,
where directors had gathered for
a meeting.

MASS. JUNE FROST

An early June frost occurred on
the morning of June 5th on Massa-
chusetts bogs. Dr. Franklin having
sent out a warning, "moderate,
general frost, minimum temper-
ature 26 degrees." That point was
widely reached and also 26 and 27,

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•

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•

H. A. SUDDARD, INC.

Your FORD Dealer

■^ w

Route 28 Wareham, Mass.

'

Twrily-four

the former on the Pierceville bog-
of Makepeace Company at Pierce-
ville. West Wareham; Malcolm Ry-
('er, Cotuit; and Rogers bog, East
Wareham. Dr. Franklin did not
believe there had been much dam-
age, in view of the warning and
generally adequate water supplies.
Night before similar temperatures
had been reached, but there was
considerable wind.

described in the circular, growers
of cultivated blueberries can save
themselves much of the loss caused
by the pest.

The authors describe the pest,
warn of three types of injury to

watch for, gives its life history and
habits and then the control meth-
od, and ends with the warning to
growers of cultivated blueberries
not to wait until their whole field
is infested.

New Blueberry Paper

"Blossom Weevil on Cultivated
Blueberries" is the title of Circu-
lar 504 published by the New Jer-
sey Agricultural Experiment Sta-
tion, Rutgers University, Ne'v
Brunswick, New Jersey, by C. A.
Doehlert and W. E. Tomlinson, Jr.,
of the Cranberry- Blueberry Sta-
tion at Pemberton.

The cranberry weevil frequently
destroys half to three-quarters oi
the crop in the infested parts o^
blueberry fields in New Jersey, the
authors state at the beginning, but
by applying the control methods

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Th«

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MR. CRANBERRY-GROWER:

You want a maximum return for your 1947 crop.

You can't get a maximum return without full recovery of your
floats.

You can't get a full recovery of your floats without a SEMPOS
FLOAT BOAT.

The SEMPOS FLOAT BOAT approximately doubles recovery of
floats; cleans the bog while it works; will NOT injure bog or
vines.

The SEMPOS FLOAT BOAT is jet-propelled, uses jet agitation.
and carries the operator.

Inquire about our Lease Arrangement that means Increased

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MANUFACTURERS AND FLOAT CONTRACTORS
Box .36 Tel. Wareham 10.30 East Wareham, Mass.

Twenty-five

A "Cranberry"
Institute Is
Proposed

The proposal of an impartial
"cranberry institute" has been
made by C. M. Chaney in his an-

nual report to American Cranberry
Exchange directoi's. A principal
function of such an organization, if
it should be formed, would be to
promote increased use of cranber-
ries through advertising campaigns
which would be paid for by all
growers.

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE

APPRAISING

BOG MANAGEMENT

17 Court St.
Plymouth, Mass.

-/ ^J^^'°% /

^^^O-

^'OA

®,y

Tels: Plymouth 1622
Kingston 319

If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will
pay you to see us.

A number of properties available, more wanted.

FOR SALE

Blower, Elevator, Separator, Screen Belts, Conveyor

and Shaker with Fairbanks-Morse 2 h. p. gas engine

complete with shafting and belts, ready to set up.
Price very reasonable.

ERNEST W. SHAW

South Carver

ARE YOU SURE?

Why not let us make a survey of your insurance
without charge, to make sure that you are
fully protected?

For more than 20 years, Mr. Eben A. Thacher,
of this firm, has provided specialized insurance
service to meet the needs of cranberry growers.
He will be glad to discuss a survey of your
requirements and present coverage.

Brewer & Lord

INSURANCE
65 Batterymarch Street, Boston

Telephone: Hancock 0830

Mr. Chaney's proposal, which
was voted to be given study by the
directors, would propose an adver-
tising fund, perhaps of ten cents
a barrel, to be used for general
advertising of cranberries, with
the mention of no trade name or
brands.

This would not necessarily mean,
Mr. Chaney says, that ACE or
others who advertise cranberries
under nationally known trade
names and brands would discon-
tinue this advertising. But his
proposal would have every grower
contribute to the general advertis-
ing of cranberries. He points out
that for the past 30 years, ACE
has spent a considerable sum of
money to advertise and publicize
cranberries.

Atwood "Hobby"
Article Refers to
Publicity Value

"His Hobby Works for Him", is
the title of an illustrated page
article in May issue of "Nation's
Business", concerning Ellis D. At-
wood, South Carver, Massachu-
setts, and his bog railroad.

The writer, R. E. Murray, states
that through Mr. Atwood's inter-
est in railroading, the last of the
two-foot gauge railroads in Amer-
ica, instead of dying in the ob-
scurity of the Maine woods, is now
recreated "in all its former glory"
at South Carver. By this action,
Mr. Atwood not only satisfied a
strong hobby, the article contin-
ues, but found a means of simpli-
fying his cranberry growing prob-
lems.

Today the hobby is a paying-
proposition, the writer assei'ts,

LLOYD M. HENDRICK

Registered Architect

Architect-Engineer

Public, Commercial and

Domestic Work

BAKER BLDG. BUZZARDS BAY

AND POCASSET, MASS.

We Have Listing of
Cranberry Bogs, large or small

FOR SALE
Geo. A. Cole Agency

WILDA HANEY

Decas Block

Wareham, Massachusetts

Twenty-six

Lis'htweight, 20-nozzle Bean Spray
Booms are readily convertible to
cranberry spraying. The powerful
John Bean sprayer in the back-
ground, discharges 35 gallons a
minute, at 800 lbs. pressure.

More Cranberry Profits

...with Bean Cranberry Sprayers

Only high pressure spraying gives you
real protection for your cranberry crops
___ and cranberry profits. Under high
pressure, spray materials reach every
surface of every plant — tops and under-
sides, leaves and vines. John Bean Cran-
berry Sprayers perform for your profit;
deliver a high pressure spray that covers
the crop fast — when you need it and
where you need it — without wasting
costly spray materials.

They can be used for spraying with
2, 4-D, as well as with other chemicals,
because their all-steel tanks do not ab-
sorb spray materials, and hence can be
cleaned. These economical sprayers —
built for years of hard use — are all-

purpose ; can be used for spray painting,
whitewashing, fire fighting. Bean spray-
ers can be equipped with refillers for
fast refilling from any tank or pond.

Trouble-free Bean Royal pumps are
all-enclosed and deliver up to 60 gallons
a minute at 800 lbs. pressure in the
larger models. Four-wheeled units fea-
ture cut-under construction, can follow
the tractor down narrow dike roads.

Available in skid-mounted, t w o-
wheeled or four-wheeled models; engine
or tractor-powered, with pump capacities
ranging from 15 gallons a minute, 600
lbs. pressure, to 60 gallons a minute, 800
lbs. pressure. See your dealer or write
for catalog "0'.

JOHN BEAN MFG. CO.

DIVISION OF FOOD MACHINERY CORP.

Lansing 4, Michigan Dept. 45

Twenty-seven

IRRIGATION

EQUIPMENT
and SUPPLIES

MANUFACTURER'S

DISTRIBUTOR

OF

FLEX- 0- SEAL

Pressure tight — I.iKhtweight

PORTABLE PIPE

8"x20' lengths
6"x20' lengths
4"x20' lengths
3"x20' lengths

$27.50
20.46
16.40
11.35

SPRINKLER HEADS

SUCTION HOSE

DISCHARGE FITTINGS

ENGINE
PUMPING UNITS

We have

available

a

large quantitv

of

o

c.

D

Chrysler

Pump

ng

Units

Skids,

Trailers,

Front

Mounts 1

Giant Portable Heads

for

Vegetables

Potatoes — Field Crops

Cranberries

Thrtuijrh experience gained in aft-
ii;il operation of many miles of Flex-
0-Seal ripe and all types of rotary
Sprinkler Heads on our own Cape Cod
Farm and from experience in setting'
lip installations on most of the large
rotary sprinkler type irrijjation sys-
tems in New Kngliind on tobacco, jio-
tato, vejretable and cranhi-rry layouts,
we feel iiualified to engineer your ir-
ritrnl ion rei)iiiremnls.

Visitors Invited lo

Irrigation Division

VEG-ACRE-FARM

Korestdale (Cape Cod) Mass.
I'hone Osterville 719

LITERATURE - PRICES

LAYOUTS - ESTIMATES

FREE ON REQUEST

"an effective unit in lii.s cranberry
business." He tells briefly how it
was used for sanding, to distribute
workers throughout the bogs, and
tank cars will carry kerosene for
weed control.

Some 25,000 tourists stopped by
at the South Carver bog last year,
the article points out, and more
than 100,000 visitors are expected
during 1947. This is just what
Mr. Atwood wants, the writer fur-
ther says, as he sees in the rail-
road an excellent opportunity to
promote good will and a cranberry
i ppetite, and that the "ever-grow-
ing" cranberry industry hopes to
get a mighty publicity boost from
the Edaville Railroad. (This was
a major factor pointed out in the
first .stories in CRANBERRIES
concerning "Atwood's Hobby".)

Bancion Notes

Bandon — Wide, modern road-
ways will give access to individual
cranberry bogs in a new area now
under development west of the
Seven Devils road about seven
miles north of Bandon along the
coast, where William H. F. Zied-
rich of Coquille is clearing land
and building roads for new owners
of bog land who have their places
in the initial stages of construc-
tion.

Ziedrich during the past few
years acquired several sections of
land containing natural peat bogs.
The land was divided into farms
and planned so that each would
have water supply, road accessi-
bility and maximum fire protec-
tion. In order to assure good
roads, he engaged heavy equipment
and is spending several thousand
dollars in clearing the grading.
At least two of the new roads will
extend from the Seven Devils road
westwai-d to Whiskey Run beach.

It is estimated that the new
north-of-the-river area will even-
tually add several hundred acres
of producing bogs to the Coos-
Curry counties district of southern
Oregon.

A large double-faced neon sign,
"Bandon, Cranberry Center of Ore-
gon", is to be erected in the center
of Bandon's business district on
U. S. Highway 101, according to a
project adopted by the Bandon
Active Club which now has a com-
mittee raising funds for the erec-
tion and maintenance of such a
sign.

Solicitation includes all the cran-
berry growers in the area and it
is reported they are responding to
a letter directed to them by the
Active club, which says in part:

"Realizing that the Cranberry
industry in and around Bandon has

Colley

Cranberry

Company

Plymouth, Mass.

Office
17 Court .Street

Telephone
Plymouth 1622

Twcnty-oicht

become an increasingly important
asset to the entire area and that
the many new residents who have
L-ome to put in bogs are just the
beginning of a greater influx of
population, we of the Bandon Act-
ive club are going to do what we
can to hasten this migration."

Estimated cost of the sign pro-
ject is $1,500.00.

Fresh from the Fields

(Continued from Page 5)

Stoddard Solvent
One of the greatest points of
interest this spring has been in
the Stoddard Solvent, so called, for
weed control. It has been estimat-
ed that from figures of the various
suppliers, 90,000 gallons of this
particular petroleum product will
be used on the marshes here this
spring. There are reports of vary-
ing degrees of success in control,
some growers being very impressed
with the new product, while some
others feel the contrary. It is
pointed out that one year is not a
fair trial for this product and it
may take two or three years with
various experimentation before a
real determination can be made as
to how it should be handled, the

CONTROL...

Blunt-Nosed Leafhopper
Gypsy Moth Caterpillar
Blackheaded Fireworm

PYROCIDE DUST

• Quick-Kill

• Non-Irritating

• Non-Poisonous

• Economical

NON-POISONOUS

PYROCIDE
DUST

|HI6M IN KILLING POWER

W. HUBBARD
PARKHURST, JR.

301 Whitehorse Pike
HAMMONTON. NEW JERSEY

giant irrigator
high pressure

FACTOHY OFnCES

Fresno, P O Box 232
Chicago: 76S8 Calumet
Los Angeles 7280 Melrose

to Cranberry Bog Specifications

Buckner Cranberry sprinklers
were designed by Cranberry Bog engi-
neers and are built for economical, trouble-free
operation Choice of models gives you a perfect cur-
tain of water for any size bog. Low installation cost
Proven results in all bog sectione of the country. See
your Buckner representative now — there's one near
you, and Buckner Sprinklers are available on short
notice.

gffOine^

j^i/fi*

<rww«*^

dual-action
low pressure

MASSACHUSETTS

The Clapper Co
1121 Washington
West Newton

PACIFIC NORTHWEST

Poison Impl Co.
631 Western Ave
Seattle, Wash

Twenty-nine

time of spraying, anil various
grasses and weeds upon which it
is effective determined.

New Insert Chart

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Com-
pany has issued a new chart with
recommendations for the control of
insects. This is the first for sev-
eral years.

New Frost Warnings System
"Del" Hammond, Jr., has also
been working upon a new frost
warning system for Wisconsin
cranberry growers. He has been
visited by Howard Kenney of the
United States Weather Bureau,
Chicago office, and the Sales com-
pany is taking the lead in devel-
oping the system, although the
whole industry is to benefit from
it. There is planned as close a
system to that used in Massachu-
setts as possible. It is hoped the
new system will be inaugurated
for fall frosts.

Airplanes
Dan Rezin, director and vice-
president of Wisconsin Cranberry
Sales, has purchased a new air-
plane. He makes two flying direc-
tors, the other being Newell Jas-
person. Charles L. Lewis of Mid-

Wost Cranhorry Association and
his .sons have flying licenses, as
well as others. A number of Wis-
consin marshes now have landing
strips beside the marshes. Grow-
ers are becoming pretty air-minded
on the whole.

NEW JERSEY

Precipitation

The most noteworthy feature for
May has been the amount of rain
at Pemberton. The total through
May 26 was 7.19 inches compared
to the normal for May of 3.25
inches. According to these figures
New Jersey's crop prospects for
1948 look dubious.

Temperature

In spite of all this rain and
cloudy weather temperatures have

averaged iiCi.2" . which is 5° above
normal. Early drawn bogs are
making lapid growth under the in-
fluence of this warm, wet weather.

Insects

The blunt-nosed cranberry leaf-
hopper started to hatch on early
drawn and dry bogs on May 23
around Pemberton. This is only
a day or two later than in 1946,
which is somewhat surprising con-
sidering that vegetation is a week
or two behind 1946.

Blossom worms are hatching in
number after mid-May and could
be found up to Vz inch long on the
21st, though most were smaller.
Frosts

Severe frosts occurred on the
mornings of May 9, 10 and 11,
with temperatures dropping the

BUiLDiNC A FEW ACRES?

THEN RENT A RAILROAD!

R. A. TRUFANT, North Carver, Mass.

New England Cranberry Sales Co.

Organized in 1907

A Co-operative with a conscientious Board of Directors working
for the interests of its members ; a trained personnel, loyal and alert to
give all types of service.

Pnckers of

Eatmor
Cranberries

9 Station Street

Middleboro, Mass.

Thirty

owest on the morning ol' tho lOtli.
Ehe temperatures on cranberries
■anged from 16° to 19°, and blue-
aerry temperatures ranged from
18° to 25°. As far as we ascer-
rained, cranberries in most in-
stances were protected. The ef-
fects will probably be noted on
marginal bogs, but the main New
Jersey crop-producing acreages
:ame through pretty well.

It was a gloomy morning on the
10th for the blueberry growers.
You could have had more than one
field for a song. As the week pro-
gressed the gloom was dispelled
when it became apparent that dam-
age was not great. Early varie-
ties such as Cabot, June and Ran-
cocas were cut some, but the later
varieties that had not begun to
bloom apparently came through
unharmed.

Mummy Berry

Mummy berry has appeared in
serious proportions in several
blueberry fields, attacking the new
growth and blossom clusters. Evi-
dently the warm, moist weather
has been extremely favorable for
this fungus this season.

CONTROL...

Blunt-Nosed Leafhopper
Gypsy Moth Caterpillar
Blackheaded Fireworm

PYROCIDE DUST

• Quick-Kill

• Non-Irritating

• Non-Poisonous

• Economical

NON-POISONOUS

PYROCIDE
DUST

HICN IN KIlLINfi POWER
UNIFORM

ROGERS & HUBBARD
COMPANY

PORTLAND, CONN.

Increase yields with SKINNER controlled irrigation

Waters Large Areas Uniformly ....

"SKINNER", the pioneer and leader in
irrigation for more than half a century, has
designed these sprinklers for your specific
use — a glance at the table below tells the
story better than words. "SKINNER"
equipment is quality equipment. Quality
means dependability — durability — effic-
iency. Better write us for complete details
today.
THE SKINNER IRRIGATION CO.

150 Water St., TROY. OHIO

Long Range Utility Sprinkler

Catalog No.

Controlled

Power

Main

Nozzle

Inch

G.P. M.

Diam. of Coverage

in Feet
Uniform Total

Main Lbs. Pres- Diam. of

Catalog Nozzle sure at G. P. M. Diam. of Uniform

No. Size Sprinkler Coverage Coverage

CP-1

S/I6

30.00
32.30
34.50
36.80
37.50

145

162

150

168

155

173

160

178

165

182

LR-3

3" Inlet 1"

80

90

100

300
320
340

325 300
330 305
340 310

Other sizes available in both Sprinklers. Write.

Thirty-one

OREGON

Bandon — President Ray W. Bat^s
of the Coos Cianberry Co-op, re-
turning- from New York city where
he met with other directors of the
American Cranberry Exchange,
g-ave an enthusiastic account of the
organization with which the local
cooperative has become affiliated.

Bates explained that the ex-
change is a marketing' organization
composed of several sales com-
panies and independent canners.
which allow the parent organiza-
tion to handle fresh, canned and
frozen berries, thereby enabling
growers to harvest berries by hand
picking, dry scooping, water scoop-

ing or machine picking methods.

Mr. and Mrs. Elis E. Einarsson
have sold their grocery business in
Bandon to Mr. and Mrs. George

Wolverton and are preparing to de-
vote their entire time to the con-
struction of a new cranberry bog
in the Prosper district.

Ariens-7///.

er

THE MOST
COMPLETE LINE Of
TILLAGE EQUIPMENT
IN THE WORLD CA.
PACITIES 14 IN TO
J rr CUTTING WIDTHS

ARIENS CO.

Box 508 BRILLION. MS.

TAKE ADVANTAGE

of the BETTER things of life.

The efficient USE OF ELECTRICITY is one of

these better things — efficient use in power for cran-
berry bog operations, and in the home.

Plymouth County Electric Co.

WAREHAM
Tel. 200

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 1300

Business Is Good With Us

Frankly we need additional supplies of Cranberries to
take care of our orders for the 1947 season.

We have good outlets for your entire crop for both
fresh fruit and processing-.

WE HAVE SERVED THE GROWERS FOR
OVER A QUARTER CENTURY

DON'T WORRY. CONTACT

BEATON'S DISTRroUTING AGENCY
Cape Cod Cranberries

WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Telephone Wareham ^^O

Thirty-tw»

CRANBERRIES THE YEAR AROUND

"A NEW
STARTLING
USE OF
CRANBERRIES!"

WE ARE
ENCOURAGING
THROUGH
NEWSPAPER
ADVERTISING
THE USE OF
CRANBERRIES
THE YEAR
AROUND . . .

Conu;ay's Whole Berry

CRANBERRY

Sauce

onVANILLA
ICE CREAM

CotiwftVi

^^^^

CmnbetrJ

Amftastekrill,

terries. .°f':ran- I

'vSS"ir'°l°' adv

---^&?'"?^^^--w.

months.

ring

MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS INC.

BRIDGETON

NEW JERSEY

Represented by
BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY

WAREHAM, MASS.

Forty Years Old
This Month!

We're forty years old this month, but don't congratulate us. Let
us congratulate you ! If you were not careful growers and fine cooper-
ators we would not have been going strong at the end of ten years,
much less forty.

j Our Exchange was born June 19, 1907, in a room in the Prince
[eorge Hotel, New York City. It was like creating a new nation out of
separate states. Today of course it seems obvious that a basic nation-
wide organization is necessary. But at that time it took foresight and
i-

good straight thinking to see the need for the Exchange.

Now a new generation of growers is taking over. It, too, is thought-
ful and straight-thinking. Under its leadership the Exchange and the
whole industry will surely continue to progress.

THE AMERICAN CRANBERRY EXCHANGE, INC.

U. S. DEPT OF AGRICULTURE
LICENSE NO. 1

The Cranberry Growers Cooperative

RVINC A $12,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY

APE COD
NEW JERSEY
WISCONSIN
OREGON
WASHINGTON

HELICOPTERS in Massachusetts - they land vertically on the bo<;s.des. cranberries p,

July, 1947

30 cents

.^.:

This Company . . .

founded by ten pioneers in the growing of Cranberries, is fully
and efficiently serving many growers whose names were among
the first in our records in 1895 — 52 years ago.
Wouldn't you like to associate yourself with a Co-operative with
such an enviable record — the oldest Co-operative in the Cran-
berry industry — and the oldest agricultural Co-operative in the
state of New Jersey?

Growers Cranberry Company. Inc.

PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY

Congratulations...

To Henry F. Bain for the fine work he is doing
in developing" new varieties of cranberries.

! This work is sponsored in Wisconsin by the

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company.

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

WISCONSIN RAPIDS - - - WISCONSIN

248 Growers

became members of the National Cranberry Asso-
ciation during the fiscal year ending May 31, 1947.

We aske d many of them what prompted them to
join this cooperative. Their answers can be summed
up in three sentences:

1. Because they are looking for security, and they feel that the
National is building for the future as well as the present.

2. Because they believe in grower control of cranberry marketing
which membership in NCA assures.

3. Because they want fair prices to consumers, and fair returns to
growers, and they feel that NCA will give them both.

Greater teamwork among more growers will make
these worth-while objectives still more certain.

National Cranberry Association

The Growers' Cooperative

Branches at:

Hanson, Massachusetts North Harwich, Massachusetts Coquille, Oregon

Onset, Massachusetts Dennis, Massachusetts Markham, Washington

Plymouth, Massachusetts Bordentown, New Jersey Long Beach, Washington

North Chicago, Illinois

DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREHAM 162

S. G. M. Packard & Go.

Hardware — Locksmiths
For Maintenance Supplies

USE DYNAMITE

The modern way to re-
move stumps, excavate
rocks, DIG CORES FOR
DIKES, and other blasting
work in cranberry growing.
Speeds up work — reduces costs.
CONSULT WITH US ON ANY
WORK YOU ARE PLANNING.
Trained by Hercules Powder Co.

ALTON J. SMITH

High St., Hanson, Mass.

Tel. Bryantville 209-R-3

The

PLYMOUTH

NATIONAL BANK

Plymouth
Massachusetts

Member Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation

Extensive Experience in
ELECTRICAL WORK

At ScreenhousM, Bofs and
Pumps Meana Satisfaction

ALFRED PAPPI
WAREHAM. MASS. Tal. S2a

Serving

Western Cranberry

Growers

with

High Quality Products

Rotenone

Pyrethrum

DDT Sprays & Dusts

Nicotine

Copper Sprays

Oil Sprays

Lime Sulphur Solution

- ; pp5iJLi>ND," I, iiR.rqpH'!:

A ttention
Cranberry
Growers ! !

We have

Drain Pipe

Large Sized Terra Cotta
Makes a Permanent Installation

RALPH W. ELLIOT

Sandwich Rd., Wareham, Mass.

TeL Wareham 794

Mail Address: Buzzards Bay, RFD

Plumbing and Heating Service

Morris April Bros.

Bridgeton - Tuckahoe

New Jersey

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

H. R. Bailey Co.

South Carver
Massachusetts

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.

in stock

Cranberry Grow^ers :

WE ARE IN POSITION TO
SUPPLY YOU WITH YOUR
1947 CRANBERRY CON-
TAINERS I
also
Good Quality '■
Wheeling Plank I
Quotations on Request

F. H. COLE i

North Carver, Mass. j

Est. 1707
WOODEN BOX MFGR.

Harvest

and

Shipping
Boxes

Jesse A. Holmes & Son

Carver, Mass.
Tel. Carver 10-3

SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY

ADAMS Gf GOULD

Lumber Dealers

"Everything Under Cover"
East Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 648

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Paints - Hardware

Cape & Vineyard
Electric Company

Offices:

Chatham

Falmouth
Hyannis

Vineyard Haven

Acushnet
Saw Mills Co.

GOOD
WOOD BOXES

Cranberry Growers

Order Harvest and

Shipping Boxes

New Bedford, Mass.

Est. 1865

Grossman's

On Cape Cod

"EVERYTHING TO
BUILD WITH"

Opposite R. R. Station

Sagamore, Mass.

778
Tels. Sagamore 779

Established 1848

Hall & Cole

Incorporated

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

94 Faneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON. MASS.

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES
SPECIALTIES

Car Lot Receivers

Wood
County
National
Bank

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT
INSURANCE CORPORATION

KROP-SAVER

brand

INSECTICIDES

The Nationa Bank of Wareham

Conveniently located for Cranberry men

FUNCIC DES

For the Cranberry Grower

CROP-SAVER
CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc.

3511 West Potomac Avenue
Chicago 51, Illinois

Funds always available for sound loans

Complete Banking Service

Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.

NCA Has Large and Enthusiastic Annual Meeting, June 24th

Speakers Report Year of
Progress, But Need Larg-
er Percentage of Total
Crop for "Grower Con-
trol"— Increase Advertis-
ing Appropriation — To In-
crease Capital Stock —
Figuring Now on 700,000
'47 Production

A large attendance of National
Cranberry Association at annual
meeting-, Hanson, Massachusetts,
June 24th, heard its efforts and
results of the past year appraised
and found good. But throughout
the meeting stress was laid that
for the good of the industry a
larger proportion of the total crop
than the 43 per cent obtained
by the National last year was nec-
essary.

President M. L. Urann stated
that 248 new members had been
obtained and the membership is
now 950 with a gain having taken
place every month for more than
five years. "These new members
are growers who have seen the
light and wisdom of grower con-
trol", Mr. Urann said. "Last year
with 43 and 25-lOOth of the crop
it was possible for us to 'steer' the
market so that we earned §32.00
a barrel, a pretty satisfactory
year." Directors from every one
of the five cranberry districts were
called upon for remarks and re-
ported much progress during the
past 12 months.

In the financial statement of the
corporation read by Auditor Mil-
ler it was shown that during the
last fiscal year sale of pi-oducts
amounted to $16,550,64.5. The to-
tal amount of berries handled wa.s
given as 366,054. Advances to
members participating in this pool
have already amounted to 30.00, in
addition to dividends of 4 per cent
on both preferred and common
stock.

700,000 Barrel Crop?

Refeiring to the 1947 crop, Mr.
Urann said it was hoped the Nat-
ional would control 50 per cent,
but that it needed 60, 70, or more
per cent and that 400,000 barrels
were needed this fall. He pro-
ceeded to give the probably first
announced "estimate" of what the

Four

Honorary Degree Conferred

Upon M. L Urann

The following is the citation to
Marcus L. Urann at conferring of
honorary degree by the University
of Maine, Orono, Maine, June 15,
1947. It was read at the conclusion
of the NCA meeting by John C.
Makepeace.

"Born in Sullivan, Maine; a grad-
uate of this university in the class
of 1897; a founder of Phi Kappa
Phi honorary society; lawyer, able
business executive whose vision and
courage have contributed immeas-
urably to the growth and develop-
ment of the cranberry industry;

President of the National Cran-
berry Association; leader in state
and national business associations;
Director of the Farm Credit Ad-
ministration for the First District.
"In 1942, you received the Med-
al of the Massachusetts Society
for the Promotion of Agriculture.
Today, in recognition of your con-
tributions to the advancement of
New England agriculture and in-
dustry, the Trustees of your alma
mater are happy and proud to con-
fer upon you the degree of Doctor
of Laws."

coming production might be as in-
dicated as of that date. The to-
tal might be about 700,000 barrels
"as indicated by reports at this
time", he said. The West Coast
had a good crop and was expected
to produce about 60,000 barrels.

He continued the National had a
demand for 200,000 barrels fresh
and 2,000,000 cases of canned
sauce.

"NCA is ready for next year's
crop", Mr. Urann said. We can
process 6,000 barrels in an eight
hour day in all our plants. There
must be one co-op to handle the
crop, both fresh and canned. We
have the record of 17 years of
progress. We have gone onward
and upward without failure and
we feel confident we are ready for
whatever crop may be produced
this year." This came after he
had said he did not believe the two
major co-ops could ever get to-
gether as long as the other co-ops
have their present leadership. Mr.
Urann pointed out that a goal was
eventually to have all growers
owning stock on a patronage basis,
"as fast as you are able." He
urged National members to talk
with their neighbors who were not
members of NCA, telling of their
satisfaction with NCA results.

M. S. Anderson, western sales
manager, said Ocean Spray sauce
was turning over, while the prod-
ucts of "other brands" are not.

H. Gordon Mann, sales manager,
gave a discussion on marketing in
which he said other brands can't ,
be sold, as consumers demand Oc- 1
ean Spray and this fact holds up j
the sales of Ocean Spray while
retailers attempt to move other
brands first. He said this was de- i
spite the fact Ocean Spray was at i
a premium price. He said Ocean
Spray was wholesaled at $2.45 a
case while some brands were of- I
fered as low as $1.50 a case.

He pointed to the fact which I
should be given concern by the
growers, which is there is a large |
carry-over of canned sauces in the
country today. He said disposal of
the growers' berries was not a
"selling" but a "marketing" prob-
lem, and that in the distribution of
the ci-anberry crop Ocean Spray
has "the confidence of the trade
and the demand of Mrs. Consum-
er."

Heavy 1947 Advertising

Miss Ellen Stillman, advertising
director, said NCA proposed to ad-
vertise cranberries in the largest
budget ever set up for this pur-
pose, $200,000. In canned sauce
this would place stress upon "Ready ]
to Serve" slogan, the jelly cutters, I
and featuring chicken with cran- '
berry sauce as "six times as many
chickens are sold annually as tur-
keys."

(Continued on Page 25)

Issue of July, 1947 — Vol. 12, No. 3

Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop. Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription, $3.00 per year.

Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879.

FRESH FROM THE FIELDS

By C J. H.

MASSACHUSETTS

Prospects "Looking Up"

With the month of June behind,
prospects in Massachusetts, in the
opinion of some, were definitely
"looking up," Dr. Franklin was
saying the crop might be an "aver-
age" one. Average is now around
500,000 bbls. Many growers said
their bogs looked better than last
year, and these included some
large growers, among whom were
those who did not have especially
large production last year.

Rainfall was substantial during
the month, 3.52 inches as recorded
at the State Experiment Station.
Frost losses were set down by Dr.
Franklin as three per cent, rela-
tively light. Insect damage had
been light. Gypsy moth damage,
which some years is substantial in
Barnstable County, was at a bare
minimum this year.

Dr. Cross, who went against
popular opinion in March by saying
he expected a crop of "at least
average", this due chiefly to the
extremely favorable sunshine fac-
tor all last year, was more than
ever encouraged in his anticipa-
tion of a very satisfactory produc-
tion this fall. He points to not
only the excessive sunshine factor,
but to other favorable climatic con-
ditions— the beautiful weather last
fall, the mild winter, the light
frost losses, ample rain in June,
and (so far) light insect injury.
It wouldn't surprise Dr. Cross any
if Massachusetts has a big crop
this year, in spite of the abnormal
lack of terminal bud reported .so
generally last fall. The amount of
bloom which develops in early
July will tell an intere.sting story
this year.

At end of June bogs were per-
haps a week later than normal, but
they can catch up fast with some
days of hot sun; in fact, June 30th
was the hottest day of the month,
85, and July 1st 87, State Bog
readings.

Frosts

There was a general frost on the
morning of June 21, but probably
little, if any damage. No warning
was sent out, as bogs were in the
borderline where flooding might
have caused an amount of damage
equal to the moderate cold expect-
ed. Temperatures as low as one
25, a couple at 26, and several at
30, 31 and 32 were reported.

A frost which caused some dam-
age occurred on the morning of
June 6th. This cold was wide-
spread.

Good Insect Control

Blackheaded fireworm was more
troublesome this year than it has
been in several years. Well-timed
and adequate control of insects by
growers this year undoubtedly
kept insect losses down. In this
control the helicopters played a
part, as did control by straight-
wing planes. The alertness and
readiness of growers to go after
insects will be a factor in produc-
tion this year, whatever it may
turn out to be.

Hailstorm

A very extensive hailstorm, one
of the most general in several
years, extending from Barnstable
and Sandwich on the Cape well in-
to northern Plymouth County, oc-
curred on the afternoon of Juno
19th. There was a good deal of
damage to some bogs and an esti-
mate of 10,000 barrels or more loss
has been made. Bogs were mostly
in the hook stage at that time, and
it was felt if berries had been

formed losses would have been
greater. Hail was moderately
large in size.

NEW JERSEY

Rainfall Favorable

Rainfall through June 26 at
Pemberton amounted to 3.10 inch-
es. This is 1.53 inches below the
normal June total and should be
favorable for both the crop of this
year and 1948.

Temperatures have been on the
cool side most of June, with the
average daily mean temperature
66.8 degrees, or 5.2 degrees below
normal through the 26th.

A number of bogs have been
planted by the method of broad-
casting vines and cutting them in
with a regular farm disc or spec-
ially built discs for planting.
Among others, a bog planted by
Rogers Brick with a farm disc and
a larger planting by Jos. J. White,
Inc., with their specially built
planter are showing up very well
right now.

Blueberries

Wet, cloudy weather in May and
cool weather in June have retarded
blueberry ripening at least a week
and picking did not start generally
until June 28. Size of the early
fruit has benefited from the abun-
dant moisture and anything like
an adequate amount from now on
should aff'ect late varieties similar-
ly.

Blueberry Stunt Disease identi-
fication meetings were held in Bur-
lington, Ocean and Atlantic Coun-
ties during the week of June 16-21
to familiarize growers with symp-
toms of this disease in order that
they may take prompt steps in re-
moving infected bushes from their
fields.

(Continued on Page 28)

JFlve

Initial' Copter Dusting On Bogs

of Massachusetts Gets Keen Approval

Despite Accidents, Other Troubles, Job Done by Rotor
Ships Called Highly Satisfactory — Intensive Straight-
Wing Program Also in Progress.

"Hottest news" in the Massa-
chusetts cranberry industry during
the past month has undoubtedly
been the helicopters, their success-
es and mishaps, plus a much more
intensive straight-wind plane in-
secticide control program than was
used last year. The idea of dust-
ing, spraying, fertilizing, and even
eventually possibly sanding from
helicopters was suggested first by
M. L. Urann during the war. This
was called "visionary", but now
after preliminary experience, the
application of dusts by 'copter is
hailed as being highly successful
and offering great possibilities to
the industry in increased crops.

There have been plenty of diffi-
culties, but growers, the research-
ers at the Massachusetts State
Bog, including Dr. H. J. Franklin,
are high in praise for results ob-
tained in kill of dusts applied by
'copter, and the e.xpectation that
elimination of mechanical injury
to the vines in insect control may
account for a substantial increase
in production potential.

The 'copters at the service of
NCA members through National
Cranberry Service Corp., with
headquarters at Wareham as prev-
iously reported, are the first to be
specially built for crop dusting.
One ship bears Civil Aeronautics
Board License "No. 1" on its side
along with "Ocean Sprayer No. 1",
while the other has CAB license 3
and is designated "Ocean Sprayer
No. 2". In 1946 the Bell Aircraft
Corporation of Niagara, N. Y.,
conducted numerous experiments
as to the utility of 'copters in agri-
cultural work, using orchards and
hop fields in the State of Washing-
ton. As the result of these experi-
ments the machines were designed,
one for NCA members being the
first off the production line.

A feature of 'copters as against
the advantages of small, straight-
wing planes is stressed as the abil-
ity of the craft to hover, go back-
ward as well as forward, and also

5«

sidewise, making it capable to cov-
er "pockets" and bays of bogs.
Another expected asset is that the
rotor blade above the machine cre-
ates a powerful down-draft which
forces the dust down to the floor
of the bog so that it covers even
the underside of the leaves as it
bounces back. As "a 'copter can
land on a dime", replenishment of
hoppers at the bogside is easy.

Although the 'copters had done
some cranberry dusting previously
the first public demonstration of
the "NCA machine" so called, came
June 5, at the 100-acre Pembroke
bog of United Cape Cod Cranberry
Company, a demonstration to
which the press had been invited,
and which was followed by refresh-
ments.

To the sizeable crowd which
gathered and saw the 'copter cir-
cle the property a couple of times
and then drop to the bogshore
close beside them, the demonstra-
tion proved highly instructive.
Many, including your editor, had
never seen a 'copter at close quar-
ters before. Then Pilot Rowland
C. Roelofs, who spent the war
years with Army Air Forces, both
as civilian flying instructor and
pilot and as a flight officer regular-
ly assigned on scheduled runs be-
tween Cairo, Egypt, and Abadan,
Iran, put the machine through its
paces. Fred W. Soule, president
of the NCA subsidiary, who holds
the record of having piloted rotary-
wing aircraft longer than anyone
else in the United States, directed
the show.

This dusting on June ,5th was for
control of gypsy moth caterpillars.
The 'copter laid down a five percent
mixture of DDT, which was in ac-
cordance with the latest recom-
mendations of Massachusetts Ex-
periment Station.

First look growers had of the
'copter for use of NECSCO was a
day later, June 6, when a brand
new machine whirred over Middle-
boro to drop down in Depot Grove,

a small field across the street fron
the office, where directors ha(
been holding a meeting. The ma^
chine had just come from the Bel
factory at Niagara, having beei
flown in by Col. Frank McMahon,
stopping at Westover Field, near
Springfield and then at Norwood,
headquarters of Wiggins Airways,
Inc., from which the Sales Com-
pany is leasing the use of the ma-
chine.

Directors looked over the 'cop-
ter, posed for photographs, and
then Col. McMahon offered rides )
to a few who cared to go aloft. I
President George H. Cowen showed !
no hesitation at accepting the op- i
portunity and he was followed by
General Manager Arthur D. Ben-
son, Stanley Benson, your cran-
berry editor and Edgar L. Parks,
Wareham Courier. j

Following this formal accept- <
ance of the machine as in service ;
by the directors, it was flown to \
the former U. S. Navy airport in j
Carver, which has been leased by \
"Ted" Griffith of the Sales Com- '
pany and from which it was I
placed in service to the growers. '

Accidents

On June 11 there was the first
of three accidents to befall the ,
'copters. At the North Carver bog 'i
of the United Cape Cod, Alton |
Belknap, 45, of Bryantville, a \
member of the ground crew loading '
dust, walked into the rear rotor of j
a National machine and suffered !
lacerations to right temple, right |
shoulder, and about the body. He !
was taken to St. Luke's hospital,
Middleboro, where it was found I
the injuries were not too serious, j

On Friday, June 13th, the New I
England Sales 'copter, after hav- ^
ing applied dust to about 150 acres I
since its arrival, cracked up on the I:
bog of Kenneth Shaw at Roches- }
ter. This accident occurred when ^
the pilot. Col. Frank McMahon, \
struck a telephone wire strung
across the end of the bog. The
rear rotor fouled this wire, was
broken off, and the machine made
"unsteerable". He was about 15
feet in the air and attempted a
landing, but being unable to con-
trol the direction, he landed with
part of the ship in a ditch. This
snapped ofl[' the main rotor and
caused other damage, all estimated

at $5,000. McMahon was not in-
jured. The ship was imnjediately
sent to the factory at Niagara for
repairs, which were not completed
and the machine returned until the
end of June. In the meantime
ground dusters and conventional-
wing planes were used to service
bogs of NECSCO.

Sunday afternoon, June 22, a
'copter of the National crashed and
burned at the bog of Robert Han-
dy, Cataumet, Pilot Roland C. Roe-
lofs, crawling clear after the
plane struck on its side, falling
from a height of about 15 feet.
He was uninjured. This accident
is reported as having occurred
through failure of the rear rotor
as he was engaged in making a
bank. The machine, uncontrolled,
made a 180 degree spin and then
crashed. By-standers attempted to
put out the fire with sand and
shovels, and apparatus from Buz-
zards Bay Fire Departments, in-
cluding a "foam" truck, responded.
Machine was called a total loss and
damage to the bog was estimated
at $1,000. Insurance covered both
losses.

A new machine was immediately
ordered and obtained by the Na-
tional Service Corporation, arriv-
ing in the Massachusetts cranberry
area June 27th and going into op-
eration the following day. NCA
operations at the start of the sea-
son began from Burrage, near the
main plant at Hanson and as the
service buildings and fields were
completed besido the Onset can-
nery headquarters operations were
moved there.

Fertilizer Air-Spread

When the Cataumet crash oc-
curred, a group including Mr.
Urann, Drs. Franklin, Chandler
and others was waiting at the
State bog where the 'copter was
scheduled to give a trial application
of fertilizer from the air. It had
been planned to fertilize about an
acre. This would presumably have
been the first attempt to fertilize
a bog from the air.

As it developed, fertilizer was
spread from the air that same af-
ternoon, but from a straight-wing
plane of the New England Crop
Dusting Company at the Mary's
Pond bog of Decas Brothers. About
three acres were covered, using
straight commercial fertilizer, with

a considerable degree of success,
it was said, although the fertilizer
was found to be a little too coarse
for the hoppers.

Fermate — DDT Experiment

The early applications were made
with DDT, five per cent. Kill of
gypsies on some bogs was reported
as 100 per cent. All seemed to
consider the job done as extremely
satisfactory. One experiment with
DDT mixed with Fermate was
made on the small bog of Mrs.
Chester E. Cross at East Sand-
wich, the first air application of
Fermate by 'copter in Massachu-
setts.

NCA Report

A report to members of NCA at
the annual meeting by Keith Work
in general charge of 'copter oper-
ations, was that "like anything
new, we have had troubles, but we
have established the fact that we
can dust successfully by helicop-
ter." He had previously frankly
stated that this year's work would
of necessity have to be experiment-
al in nature. To June 20, in 22
days of flying. Work said 1,459
acres of bog had been dusted and
also 189 acres of woodland. The
woodland control had included 125
acres of 12% per cent of DDT
spray. The machines are equipped
for either spray or dust. "The
growers tell us 'copter dusting is
100 per cent successful", Mr. Work
told the meeting. "We have es-
tablished our first objective, which
was: 'Is dusting- by 'copter sound'?

We are not entirely successful
with our service as yet. When the
bugs are ironed ou we feel we are
going to be 100 per cent satis-
fied."

Fatalities

Aside from these 'copter acci-
dents there was a fatality in
fixed-wing dusting. Pilot Joseph
P. Cullen, 29, of North Easton,
Massachusetts, operating a Cub
owned by the Brockton Airport,
was killed at the Siasconsett bog
of the Nantucket Cranberry Com-
pany when the plane fell from a
height of about 50 feet. Report
was that the pilot, after complet-
ing a dusting run over the bog,
was making a turn and climb,
when the ship was stalled and then
crashed.

As a matter of fact, June in
Massachusetts brought more acci-
dents to the cranberry industry
than probably ever before in a few
weeks. Besides the death of Pilot
Cullen and the three 'copter acci-
dents, two men were suffocated in
a sand cave-in at the Waterville
Cranberry Company bog near
Middleboro. On June 20th Merton
C. Howes, 28, a well-known West
Wareham GI, was killed by a pow-
er shovel in a bog sandpit at
Blackmore Pond, South Wareham.
He was believed to have been
greasing the machine operated by
his brother, Irving, when the ma-
chine backed up and the wheels
passed over him.

How It Feels To Ride In A 'Copter

By

CLARENCE J.

HALL

How does it feel to ride in a
helicopter? Your cranberry editor
had the chance of enjoying this
experience twice — first at the Pem-
broke demonstration, through cour-
tesy of NCA and again the next
day through courtesy of New
England Sales.

Well, it doesn't feel like sinking
back in the comparative luxury of
a seat in Eu:'h a "flying railroad
coach" as a 60-passenger Skymas-
ter on the Boston-New York run,
nor going over to the airport and
being buzzed around in a Cub, and
it doesn't too closely resemble tak-

ing ofl' in an amphibian from a
field and then to a "splashy land-
ing" in Buzzards Bay.

One very distinct difference to
the timid passenger is that these
machines are stripped for work,
and pilot and passenger sit out on
a sort of shelf; there is no side,
nothing overhead, and in front
only the fragile-seeming plexi-
glass windshield. They make sure
you are strapped in tight, take off
your hat and maybe your glasses —
it's apt to be breezy up there on
that flying shelf.

§even_

The pilot glues his eyes to a
flock of meters and gauges in the
center of the windshield, while the
whirling rotor overhead picks up
speed. Before you are aware, you
are lifting straight up, as in an
elevator, but without the rush and
sometimes the funny feeling at the
pit of your stomach. There is
none of the tingling exhiliration of
the speedy take-off of a straight-
wing plane into the air from the
runway, but nevertheless you find
yourself sitting up there and you
are gliding forward. Your pilot is
as busy with both hands and his
feet on the controls as the pro-
verbial one-armed paper-hanger
with the hives.

The open cockpit does, however,
give a sporty sensation, something
akin to the fun of riding in a con-
vertible auto with the top down, as
against a conservative sedan.
When the motor was roaring and
the rotor blade whirling with the
ship on the ground, and the down-
draft flattening the blades of grass
like a hurricane, you anticipated a
good deal more noise and breeze
than you actually experience when
you are aloft. It's not very noisy
flying. The view, so unobstructed,
is glorious.

It is a queer feeling to look
down between your feet resting in
front of the plexi-glass and see a
cranberry bog directly beneath or
the Middleboro railroad station
and the houses of the town. Your
pilot is much more concerned with
watching his gauges intently and
doesn't seem to show as much re-
spect for the nearness of trees,
telephone poles or the tops of
buildings as the pilot of a conven-
tional plane. But then you recall
the wizardry you have read con-
cerning the maneuverability of a
helicopter and you decide you'll
have complete faith in your pilot
(as a matter of fact, what else can
you do?) and you'll simply enjoy
the ride.

In coming in for the landing
you feel sure the pilot is not going
to make the designated spot, as
you do not go into the familiar
glide for the field, but come in over
it and just float down to earth so
gently the landing wouldn't break
an egg.

At Pembroke Chief Pilot Soule,
standing like the attendant at a

parking lot, frequently directed
the landings. He used signals in
about the same way. "Slow", his
hands said. "Just a bit to the left
— now a little to the right. Back
up. Thatta boy. Hold it." Pilot
McMahon came in guided by a
small red marker.

Oh, yes, it should be mentioned
that while up there you asked the

pilot to stop while you snapped the
shutter of your camera — you
missed the shot, so you asked him
to back up while you took it over
again. He most obligingly did.
It may not be hair-raisingly thrill-
ing, but it's a remarkably inter-
esting experience, riding in a cran-
berry 'copter.

STRAIGHT-WING PLANE DUSTING

Just how much acreage has been
and will be dusted by straight-wing
plane in Massachusetts this season,
in addition to the dusting and
spraying by the helicopters, cannot
be determined as this goes to
press. The acreage, however, will
be really impressive and by far
the largest ever.

Makepeace, who pioneered in
air insect control by fixed-wing
plane last year, will probably have
done the largest individual amount
and by the first of July had ap-
plied 100,000 pounds by plane. J.
J. Beaton Company had done
about 150 acres by the end of
June. Decas Brothers had done
their Mary's Pond bog, Mattapoi-
sett, and some in Rochester. Cape
Cod Company was another doing a
large amount of dusting.

A base of operations has been
the Cape Islands Airport, route 28,
Wareham, and most of the dusting
has been by Brockton Airport as
operators and by Crop Dusters,
Inc. The dusting has been mainly
confined to growers with relatively
large acreages or on bogs which
were suflSciently "open" and reg-
ular in shape for effective fixed-
wing operation.

Airstrips Building

A great deal of satisfaction has
been expressed with the results
obtained, and it is very likely that
airstrips will become a part of a
number of Massachusetts bogs in
the near future. In fact, Decas
Brothers are building an air strip
at Mary's Pond bog and plan to
put in a dike 50 feet wide, rather
than 25, at their Mattapoisett
property. This dike, 500 feet long,
would be a suitable airstrip under
most conditions, it is said. It is
considered economical to operate
Cubs for dusting on bogs which
are not more than five miles from

a loading base. Makepeace has
very nearly achieved that now, as
he can land at Wankinquoah, Swan
Holt, Wareham Airport and at
Hyannis, giving good operation
over many of the bogs. Planes
have landed on the dike at the
South Carver bog of Ellis D. At-
wood. This development of land-
ing strips at Massachusetts bogs
promises to be a new wrinkle in
Massachusetts cranberry growing.

The spreading of fertilizer from
planes is a feature growers are
hopeful of, and the possibilities of
spray from the air is under ex-
perimentation, especially by the
Makepeace Company, and may be
proven to have advantages. If ex-
tensive air spray for cranberry
bogs is worked out, it is felt this
will probably be by bi-planes or
ships larger than the Cub type.

Plane Duster Wrecked July 7th

Since the accidents reported
previously, a plane of Crop Dust-
ers, Inc., operated out of Cape &
Islands Airport crashed at Howard
Killer's bog, Marion-Rochester line,
July 7. This ship was piloted by
Russell (Dusty) Colonell, a dust-
ing pilot of extensive experience in
many states. The plane was dam-
aged too extensively for repairs,
but Colonell received only slight
injuries to his right forehead and
a cut left leg. He was treated at
Tobey hospital, Wareham.

This accrident occurred after he
had made four or five runs over
the bog and was attempting a zoom
over trees on the shore when the
wing of the Cub-type ship he was
operating struck the top of a tree
about 30 feet high. The plane was
spun around and nose-dived into
the bog side. Another ship was
available, and the program was
resumed.

Eip)>«

Bud, Flower, and Fruit Production By Cranberry Vines
In Relation To Depth of Winter Flooding

Cranberry growers are all fami-
liar with the fact that the crop en
a cranberry bog is apt not to be
unifoi-m, but is better on some
parts of the bog than it is on
others. Usually, the better crop is
found along the shore where the
bog is more shallowly flooded than
In the central parts where the
water is deeper.

During the summer of 1945,
samples of uprights were taken
from various bogs and counts were
made of the number of buds form-
ed, of buds killed, of the number
of blossoms and of mature berries.
This was done to follow up the
work of growers last winter on the
determination of the oxygen con-
tent of winter flooding water and
to show the relation between win-
ter flooding conditions and the size
of the crop on specific bogs in the
following season. The following
table summarizes the results of ob-
servations and shows what hayJ-
pens under certain conditions to
make the crop less than it is under
o»iers.

H. F. BERGMAN*

have the next lowest percentages
of buds killed. These are followed
by bogs No. 3 and No. 6. The per-
centage of buds killed is much
greater on bog No. 5 and in one
location on No. 4 (4-a), is still
greater in the other location on bog
No. 4, and is greatest in two loca-
tions on bog No. 2 (2-b and. 2-c)
where all but 13 and 5 per cent,
respectively, of the buds were
killed.

Besides dead buds, some of the
bogs that were shallowly flooded
show rather high percentages r.f
flowers that died immediately after
flowering. It is to be noted that
in such cases the percentage of
"buds killed" is low. These difl'er-
ences in the stage of develop-
ment at which buds or flowers
are killed represent a dif-
ference in the degree of injury.
If the injury is very severe the
buds are killed at an early stage.
If the injury is slightly less severe
the buds may continue their de-
velopment up to flowering but die
immediately thereafter. Such in-

Bud, flower, and fruit production by cranberry vines in relation to depth
of winter flooding.

Bog Number

Depth of water,
inches

6

12

6

10-
12

30

30

16-
16

24

24

10-
12

15-
16

% uprights
flowering

76.5

—

62.0

66. G

43.7

53.2

56.7

50.0

68.4

37.0

70.0

Total number of
flower buds

493

402

173

207

256

464

284

194

285

105

107

% buds killed

13.6

4.0

4.0

12.6

95.3

87.3

25.7

78.0

61.0

57.1

23.3

% buds flowering

86.4

96.0

96.0

87.4

4.7

12.7

74.3

22.0

39.0

42.9

76.7

% buds flowering,
but not "setting"

42.2

51.7

40.0

58.0

4.7

11.9

38.7

12.9

18.6

8.6

37.4

% buds producing
stunted berries

9.1

15.0

23.7

6.2

—

—

2.8

4.6

6,7

2.0

2.0

% buds producing
mature berries

31.0

22.9

31.8

23.2

0

0.2

32.0

4.1

13.3

29.5

36.4

Two locations, one on bog No.
1-a and the other on bog No. 2, are
outstanding for the low percentage
of buds killed. A second location
on bog No. 1 (column 1) and an-
other location on bog No. 2 (2-u)

* Senior pathologist. Division of Fruit
and Vegetable Crops and Diseases, Bur-
eau of Plant Industry, Soils, and Agri-
cultural Engineering, Agricultural Re-
search Administration, U. S. Department
of Agriculture. East Wareham. Mass.

jury, of course, interferes with
fruit production just as much as
does injury where the buds are
killed at an early stage.

Sometimes also, berries appar-
ently set but after making a very
limited growth fail to develop fui--
ther. These undeveloped, or stunt-
ed berries are the result of injury
a little less severe than that caus-
ing the death of flowers immediate-

ly after blossoming. Loss in fruit
production from injury of this i'.->.-
gree is always less than that from
flowers that die immediately after
blossoming but in some instances
may cause a loss of considerable
proportion as on bogs 1 and 2 (see
columns 1-a and 2).

The number of mature benies
formed (see last line of table),
however, is the final and most im-
portant consideration in determin-
ing the extent of injury or the
absence of injury. Figures given in
the table show that the percentage
of berries produced from the total
number of buds formed was lowest
on the most deeply flooded, bogs or
parts thereof (columns 2-b and
2-c). The depth of water in these
two locations on bog No. 2 was 2%
feet, and on No. 4, about 2 feet.
In two locations, one on bog No. 1
(1st column) and the other on bog
2 (1st column of No. 2) where the
percentage of berries produced
from the total number of buds
formed was among the highest
found, the vines were very shal-
lowly flooded and probably were
frozen into the ice as long as ice
was present. In other locations on
these bogs (1-a and 2-a) where the
winter flood was about a foot deep
the percentage of berries produc-
ed out of the total number of buds
formed was considerably less. Bogs
No. 3 and No. 6 were flooded to a
depth of 15-16 inches but are
among the best of the bogs listed
in the percentage of berries pro-
d,uced from the total of buds
formed.

It is evident from these facts
that depth of flooding alone
does not determine the yield oo-
tained from a bog. This is deter-
mined to a very great extent by
the dissolved oxygen content of the
flooding water and by any condi-
tion which operates to reduce the
dissolved oxygen content of thd
water is an unfavorable factor for
fruit production. On winter-flood-
ed bogs under ice, the dissolved
oxygen content of the water can
be maintained at a satisfactorily
high level only when the vines re-
Nine

ceive sufficient light from day to
day. The amount of light received
depends primarily on weather con-
ditions which determine the degree
and duration of cloudiness or its
absence, the thickness and kind of
ice, and the presence or absence of
snow. Winter flooding conditions,
also, such as the depth of flooding,
and the kind of flooding water may
operate to reduce the dissolved oxy-
gen content of the water by reduc-
ing the amount of light received by
the vines. A snow cover is partic-
ularly eff'ective in cutting off" light
and thus causes a rapid reduction in
oxygen content and may result in
the complete disappearance of dis-
solved, oxygen within a few days.
Except when the snowfall is light,
snow on the ice usually becomes
the controlling factor in determin-
ing the dissolved oxygen content
of the water on winter-flooded bogs
covered with ice.

Most of the bogs were flooded
by the middle of December and re-
mained under water until the first
of April and one or two of the bogs
even later. Bogs that were floo.i-
ed by the middle of December la^t
year were frozen over at the time
of the heavy snowfall of December
21 so that they were not only ice-
covered but for about a week had
an additional cover of snow which
at first was a foot d.eep. It is ve"y
possible that much of the injuvy
resulting in the death of buds aiid
of flowers immediately after blos-
soming occurred during this peri )d.
However, it is known that the dis-
solved oxygen content was low
enough at other times to cause
severe injury. As evidence of this,
bog No. 4 was not flooded until Dec.
26 when much of the snow that
fell on the 21st had melted, yet a
very large proportion of the buds
were killed and in one location (lot
column of bog No. 4) there was
severe leaf drop. Such injuries, on
winter-flooded bogs, so far as is
known, occur only as a result of
oxygen deficiency.

Evidence indicates that th-sre
was severe oxygen deficiency in-
jury on bog No. 5. It may be noted
that the percentage of flowering
uprights was the lowest found on
any of the bogs and is comparable
to the deep-water location, 2-b, of

bog No. 2, where there were no ber-
ries. The percentage of buds killed
out of the total number formed is
high also; on 8 per cent of the total
number of uprights, all the flower
buds were killed. Moreover, the
terminal buds on 16 per cent of the
total number of uprights were kill-
ed, thus reducing the potential
number of flowering uprights. In
addition, 32 per cent of the total
number of uprights that might
have produced, flowers were re-
corded as sterile. This may mean
that some of these at least were
potentially flowering uprights on
which the buds were killed at a
very early stage when too small to
be recorded as buds killed.

A dissolved oxygen content of 2
cc. per liter was found on this bog
on January 29. It is not known
how long this may have lasted but
such a low oxygen content could
have caused, severe injury even if
of not more than one or two days'
duration. As there was no snow
on the ice at that time, it is not
only possible but very probable that
the dissolved oxygen content of the
water reached an equally low level
or perhaps lower and that the de-
ficiency was of longer duration fol-
lowing the snow storm of Decem-
ber 21st. No determinations of the

dissolved oxygen content of the
water on any of the bogs were
made at that time since it was not
possible to start the work until
January. However, figures given
in Table I show that oxygen de-
ficiency injury occurred on all the
flooded bogs examined and that on
some bogs the injury was severe.

Since the dissolved oxygen con-
tent of the water is an intergra-
tion or summation of the eff'ect of
all factors either favorable or ad-
verse an increase in production may
be expected only by maintaining
flooding conditions under which the
dissolved oxygen content is more
likely to remain above a certain
minimum level which is now placed
at 4 cc. per liter. Observations in
the past indicate that if the dis-
solved oxygen content does not fall
below this level no severe injury is
to be expected. Vei-y shallow flood-
ing so that the vines are frozen
into the ice appears to be a very
satisfactory solution. Where this
is not possible, oxygen deficiency
injury is very apt to occur after a
snowfall, except when very light,
when vines are in water under the
ice. In such cases the only rem-
edial measure appears to bo to
draw the water out from und,er the
ice.

COMMUNICATION

AN OPEN LETTER TO MARCUS L. URANN

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

May 29, 1947.

Dear Mr. Urann:

I have recently read the text of
your radio address of May 3, 1947
as it was published in the May
is.sue of the CRANBERRY CO-
OPERATIVE NEWS. In this
speech you were apparently search-
ing for the reasons for cooperative-
ly minded cranberry growers sell-
ing to commercial processors. You
suggested several possibilities and
answered them, ending your dis-
cussion of the problem by stating:
"Frankly, I don't know the answer
to that 'Why' " You further sug-
gested: "The answer to that ques-
tion must be ofl"ered by the grow-

ers who supported independent '
packers."

Now, as an individual, I should
like to answer your question for
you. To make the record abso- '
lutely clear, I wish to aver that I ]
am a cooperatively minded grow-
er. I have been a member of the
American Cranberry Exchange
("uring my entire cranberry ev- '
ferience, and I have remained loy-
al to my cooperative. I have stood
by it during attacks from within
and without. I have consistently
acquiesced to the will of the ma- |
jority on issues, even though I did
not agree, with no thought of sev- '
ering my allegiance because I
could not have my way. I should
be very slow to forsake the cooper-

T.P

ative that for four decades has
been the bulwark of our industry
for any silken Elysium. Yes, I be-
lieve that I am truly "cooperatively
minded." Yet, all the processing
which I was in a position to direct
during the 1946 season went to so-
called commercial processors
through the American Cranberry
Exchange, which is a true co-oper-
ative. Now, I shall tell you
"why"

First, I shall take up a point
mentioned by you in your broad-
cast. Speaking of commercial op-
erations you state: "The canner is
in business to make money too,
and he gives the grower only a

part of the canning profits and

it is the canner who determines
what part the grower gets. Only
in a cooperative cannery does the
grower get all the earnings." Now,
Mr. Urann, you did not go fully
into this point. You did not ex-
plain that while growers get all
the profits, they do not get all of
them as growers or contributors in
NCA. Any one grower may not
get "all the earnings" from his
cranberries. Some of the profits
are distributed as dividends on
stock. This is perfectly proper in
a corporate structure, which NCA
is. It follows, however, that if the
stock is not held exactly in pro-
portion to patronage, which in NCA
it is not and probably never can
be, the grower who has a dispro-
portionately large stock holding
gets all the profits on his cranber-
ries plus part of the profits on
OTHER patrons' cranberries. An
operation of this nature is not con-
sistent with the conception of true
cooperative practice.

Secondly, a reason for selling to
commercial canners is that we are
not thereby legally nor morally
bound to make a sizeable invest-
ment in an industrial enterprise
that is foreign to us. It is not that
we are shirking a responsibility to
the industry. We simply do not
believe that it is necessary for us
to carry our product into the con-
sumer's mouth. If we were to
carry that philosophy to its logi-
cal conclusion, we should have to
own railroads, truck lines, and the
retail outlets, as well as the pro-
cessing plants.

Thirdly, in our contracts with
commercial processors we know
pretty well where we stand. We
have a substantial guarantee, which
we get in cash at the time of de-
livery. We have a cooperative
contract in most instances which
very clearly defines what we ai'e to
get over and above that in CASH.
When we are paid, our product is
sold; we have not borrowed money
to pay ourselves. We get no part
of our returns in "preferred
sock" which may or may not be
marketable, nor as the final settle-
ment approaches are we asked to
authorize a withholding of part of
our returns for stock purchase to
finance plant expansions or what-
not.

Fourthly, many of us believe
that in the long run we shall aver-
age better returns from cooperative
contracts with large packers who
process a wide variety of products
than in any other way. The large
pack results in a smaller overhead
being allocated to cranberries, and
the cranberries under a well-
known commercial label enjoy the
benefits of the advertising and
popularity of many other products
bearing that label. Furthermore,
some of these large processors
have world-wide distribution al-
ready established, which facilities
should accrue to the benefit of the
cranberry industry.

Fifthly, we believe that it is a
healthy situation for cranberry
growers to have as many buyers
as possible bidding for our product.
Sixthly, some of us do not care
to become enmeshed in a "cooper-
ative" organized and operating on
a stockholding, dividend-paying
basis. In the light of the wide-
spread agitation to make cooper-
atives subject to the income tax
laws and in the light of current po-
litical trends, it appears not un-
likely that cooperatives showing a
profit will be compelled to pay in-
come taxes. Now, this would not
affect the American Cranberry
Exchange, for it is a non-profit
organization; it does not even
have any retains. It would mean,
however, that in order to continue
to pay dividends on its stock, a
corporation such as NCA would
have to take still more money from

the returns of its patrobs to pay
the taxes on the money retained
for dividends or undistributed sur-
plus.

Seventhly, by selling to indepen-
dent processors rather than to
NCA, we are able to make an im-
partial allocation of our fruit be-
tween the fresh market and the
processing market with the sole
consideration of deriving the max-
imum benefit for the grower. We
are not compelled to process an
certain barrelage in order to main-
tain a fixed overhead, nor do we
have to show the slightest concern
over earning dividends for any
stockholders, or meeting interest
on loans, or replacing plant facil-
ities.

In conclusion, one can become a
member of NCA by contracting to
deliver only ten per cent of his
crop to that organization. The
other ninety per cent is permitted
to drift around, making or break-
ing the market, as the case may
be, which will in turn govern the
returns from NCA. It seems ap-
parent that a concern as loose as
this, which even allows members to
compete against their own organ-
ization, cannot be expected to be
the salvation of the cranberry in-
dustry, and hence does not deserve
support on the basis.

The foregoing constitutes nine
substantial answers to the "Why"
in your late broadcast.

Very truly yours,

B. C. Brazeau

WASHINGTON GROWERS
VISIT SWEDEN

A number of growers of Gray-
land, Washington, have already
left for a visit to Sweden. These
include Mr. and Mrs. Victor Lind-
gren, Mr. and Mrs. A. V. Andersoi),
Mr. and Mrs. Martin Hendrickson.
According to Mr. Anderson they
hope to hold a cranberry meeting
in Stockholm about July 4th. The
Andersons and Hendricksons went
the whole distance by plane. They
plan to return via Massachusetts
about the end of August.

Keep Informed by
Reading CRANBERRIES

L

Eleven

Ocean Spray
Broadcast from
Onset Plant

Massachusetts ci'anberry growers
have come to know Ferris C. Waite
of National Cranberry Association
in a number of capacities, but the
above photo shows him in a new
one. Here, his role is that of radio
interviewer, who gets the spontan-
eous comments of some of the vis-
itors who stop at the Ocean Spray
cianberry products stand, Onset,
Massachusetts, on route 28, the
main road to Cape Cod.

The interviewee, whom Mr. Waite
holding the mi:rophone "caught"
on this occasion is Miss Helnia
Karjola. Since she is from Alas-
ka she was quizzed about her
homeland, how she liked her visit
to Cape Cod, with, of course, am-
ple mention of cranberries. This
unrehearsed program, with the
purpose of "plugging" cranberries
over the air, goes out every Satur-
day noon over Stations WNBH,
New Bedford, and WOCB, Yar-
mouth, Massachusetts.

(CUANCLUKIES I'hao)

"Sidewalk" Cranberry Interview

Twelve

Summer Bog Tools — Pumps are now in good season.

ALMOST LAST Call for screenhouse equipment or
that pump you will need for Fall frost.

HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO.

E. C. St. Jacques

WAREHAM, MASS.

Frosts in 1945-46, With Some
Observations on the Use of Irrigation

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT
N. J. Agri. Exp. Station

Note: The following paper concern-
ing frosts and blueberries was given at
the ISth Annual Blueberry Open House
in New Jersey).

The spring of 1945 and tlie
spring of 1946 were both frosty
seasons. There were seven out-
standing frosts in 1945 and six
outstanding frosts in 1946.

The first three frosts came on
exactly the same nights in both
years, those of April 5, 6, and 7.

It is a rather striking coincid-
ence that this followed the two
warmest March months in New
Jersey since 190.3. Why was se-
vere damage experienced in this
period in 1945 and not in 1946?
Whq was irrigation a good frost
protection in 1945 and not needed
in 1946?

1945 Season More Advanced
Than 1946
The opening of bloom was un-
usually early in both years. In
New Jersey the month of March
for both years was the warmest
we had had since 1903. In 1945,
March had an average temperature
10 degrees warmer than normal
and by the end of March tree foli-
age and vegetation were at a stage
normal for the end of April. By
April 5 a good many blueberry
blossoms had opened.

In 1946, March had an average

temperature 4 degrees warmer
than normal. By April 5 the most
advanced Cabot flowers were about
half full size and white, with Ran-
cocas flowers just beginning to
stick out beyond the bud scales.
Rubel buds were in the stage when
the bud scales still stick out be-
yond the flower buds.

It is evident that when the first
heavy frost came on the night of
April 5, blueberry blossoms were
definitely further advanced in 1945
than in 1946.
Warm Weather Preceding Frost

It is a well-known fact that the
preceding weather largely deter-
mines a plant's sensitivity to frost.
The first severe frost was preceded
in 1945 by ten nights with an aver-
age minimum temperature of 50
degrees and ten days with an
average maximum of 78 degrees.
This was a rather long period of
very warm weather. In 1946, on
the contrary, there were six cool
nights just before the frost of Ap-
ril 5 with an average minimum of
40 degrees and six days with an
average maximum of only 62 de-
grees.

After this there was cool weath-
er in the frost period of both
years until late May in 1945, when
a period of four warm days and
nights preceded the frost of May
24, Thus in 1945 there were two

periods when plant growth was
softened by warm weather preced-
ing the frost.

Length of Time that Minimum
Temperature Occurred

The first frost of each season
occurred with almost exactly the
same temperature. It is conspic-
uous, however, that the low tem-
perature in the night of April 5,
1945, continued for about an hour
longer than in 1946. Time of ex-
posure to low temperature is an
important factor in causing injury.
It would also be more important
on the first night of a series of
frosts than during the following
nights, by which time a hardening
pi'ocess had set in.

Sunshine Following Frost

The damaging effect of bright
sunshine on frosted flowers and
fruit has many times been easy to
observe. A cloudy morning has
enabled many a frosted blueberry
bloom or crop of green berries to
thaw out gradually without dam-
age. In 1945 there was full sun-
shine following the first five frosts.
On June 1 there was cloudiness,
but it came at the wrong time to
help. Green berries were damaged
May 24 and 31.

In 1946 there was slight cloudi-
ness i:i:« morning of April 6 and
considerable cloudiness April 8.
These wer the two most critical
mornings, one being the first of
the series of frosts and the other,
the coldest. It may be that this
cloudiness was a real help in avert-

(Continued on Page 20)

(^ditMals

ISSUE OF JULY, 1947
Vol. 12 No. 3

O^^'*""'^'"^^^

AIR DUSTING IS HERE!

WHEN the dusts of the present Massa-
chusetts insect air-control program
have settled and the air is clear enough to
evaluate the work done, and checks are
completed, the industry should be consider-
ably ahead in knowledge. The experiment-
al dusting, by helicopter in particular, and
also by small, fixed-wing plane, has been
intensive and absorbing in interest to the
growers. From the work already done it
is practically a certainty that dusting from
the air — and possibly some spraying — in
the future will be an important factor in
the cranberry program.

'Copter dusting, inaugurated by NCA,
is admittedly experimental this season, and
considerable straight-wing dusting by "cub
type" plane was done last year, chiefly by
A. D. Makepeace Company. Right now
there are extremely enthusiastic "fans" of
dusting by 'copter. This enthusiasm ex-
tends to research workers at the Massachu-
setts Experiment Station, ordinarily ex-
tremely cautious in their comments.

There have been accidents, mechanic-
al mishaps and troubles, especially in the
operation of the hoppers of the machines.
But 'copter dusting is doing a job in killing
the insects. It is bringing the owners of
the small bogs into the orbit of air insect
control. It is being borne in mind that this
is the first year — that this is an experiment-
al year.

The use of 'copters versus conven-
tional-wing planes is not really being con-
sidered as a "contest" between the two
methods. 'Copters admittedly have great
advantages in covering bogs with areas
difficult of access. The ability of the ma-
chine to move in all directions and to hover,
and its forcing of the dusts t(? the bog floors
and in coverage of the under side of leaves
is highly satisfactory. The "Cubs" are do-
ing a fine job economically on large bogs
and "open" bogs where they can make the
runs easily.

At the moment, opinion is the likeliest
bet is that both will find an increasingly
important place in cranberry insect control
— at least in Massachusetts. In Wisconsin
to date it has been found that air dusting
has not been too efficient, due to high winds
and wet weather, and there is some doubt
as to how important a factor air insect con-
trol might became there. It also seems un-

Fourtecn

CRANHERRIER - WAREHAM. M ASSACHTJSKTTS

Snhscription $3.00 per year
AHvertisine rates upon annlication

Editor and PublisVier
CLARENCE J. HAI,L

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS
Wisconsin

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY
Wisconsin Rapids. Wisconsin

Washington-Oregon

.7. D. CROWLEY

Cranberry Specialist

Lonpr Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK

Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Statior

East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station,

Pemberton, New Jersey

likely that ground dusting will become a
thing of the past, either.

Rather it seems more probable now
that the growers have found two more pow-
erful mechanical allies in the 'copter and
the small fixed-wing plane for crop dusting
— and the idea of even more economical
air-spray should not be overlooked. It
looks as if a new era in insect control is at
hand. If the elimination of most mechan-
ical injury to bogs is to increase production
by ten per cent and more, as Dr. Franklin
feels may be in the cards, there are going
to be bigger annual crops.

Increased production, now being
forced by continuing progress in mechan-
ical and other cultural improvements, will
bring the industry up against a sharper
selling problem in the very near future.
The industry must consider how this is to
be done. It is already being given thought.
Industry-wide advertising of cranberries as
cranberries is one aspect coming under
consideration^

Pictorial Section

Upper photo shows NCA *copter, Roelofs piloting, as it hovers just above the ground at press demonstration, June
5th. In the lower, Co. Pilot McMahon is shown giving President George H. Cowen a ride June 6th when this machine
was delivered for service to New England Cranberry Sales Company. (Cranberries Photos)

Fifteen

An NCA 'copter, piloted by "Slim" Soule, is shown in three action "shots" over the small bog of
Everett Nicmi at South Warehani. The pictures show how the machine curves along the bank of a bog
t.nd lays the dust in corners and bays regardless of the nearness of trees onshore. ( Cranberries Photo)

Sixteei)

•«g

S '-

be O'

<5S

2 £

P. ^

01

M CO

o 3 3

CQ-T3

Seventeen

10 *
' In

2S!

rt a!

Eighteen

Sprinklers Sho\^n
at Cape Bogs

Field meetings to "brush up" on
insect identification and to see new
type rotary sprinklers in operation
\ve:e held by Barnstable County
Agent Bertram Tomlinson June 16
and 17, both at 7 in the evening.
The first was at the Quaker Run
b-^g, Gifford avenue, Cotuit, owned
by Wallace and Myron Ryder. The
Ryders had recently installed their
system. The second meeting was
at the bog of Marshall Siebermann,
Great Western road. North Har-
wich. The latter bog was the first
in the state to be equipped with
the rotary sprinkler system, this
being done in 1939, and it has been
used to save crops from frost
damage every year.

There were good attendances
each evning. Dr. Franklin conduct-
ing the identification of insects and
then growers watched the water
turned on and saw a practical
demonstration of how the systems
worked. There was much interest
and several more systems are be-
ing installed on the Cape.

At the Ryder bog the Ryders
give full credit to the system for
saving their bog from frost this
spring. Small sections of the bog
which were not covered by sprink-
lers were, as Myron Ryder said,
"as black as your hat."

The property is one of eight
acres and previously there had
been no flowage for frost protec-
tion. Sacrificing one section to be
used as a reservoir, the Ryders in-
stalled one of the war surplus en-
gines from NCA and set out nine
small sprinklers and one Buckner
Giant in the largest area. Others
were Buckners, except one Rain
Bird.

On the night of the frost the
sprinklers were on from midnight
until 8 o'clock in the morning.

So pleased are the Ryders by
this protection that they plan to
drive wells in the attempt to get
sufficient water to give frost pro-
tection more nights than is now
possible. The limited water sup-
ply is only from springs, and they
hope to build up a reservoir of
100,000 gallons. This was a typi-
cal bog of many on the Cape which
had previously to hold the winter
flood until May 25 against frosts.

Mass. Blueberry
Growers Hold Their
Suminer Meeting

Western Pickers, Inc.
Suggests an Innovation

Summer meeting of the Blue-
berry Growers' Association of
Massachusetts was scheduled to be
held at Massachusetts University,
Amherst, July 16th. Individual
cars were used for the trip for
these growers from Southeastern
Massachusetts, the meeting place
being the Rotary Circle at Middle-
boro.

A lunch was to be held at noon
at Draper hall. This was to be
followed by a business meeting
and tour showing blueberry varie-
ties, named and unnamed, spacing,
mulching, weed control, blueberry
stunt and other interesting fea-
tures.

Demonstration of
Huge Cranguyma.
Sprinkler System

The more than 1100 sprinkler
heads at the Cranguyma Farm,
near Long Beach, Washington,
were recently turned on for the
inspection of the owner, Guy C.
Myers. Dr. J. Harold Clarke ex-
pressed himself as especially
pleased when an undiminished ef-
fect was sustained after one of the
two big diesels operating the pump
at 5,200 gallons per minute was
turned oflf, the other proving equal
to doing the job.

An estimated 3,000 boxes (quar-
ters) of cranberries are expected
to be produced this season, this
being the first cropping of any
consequence from the plantings
which were made in the spring of
1944.

A group of distinguished work-
ers in the field of horticxilture were
visitors a short time ago at Cran-
guyma, these including Dr. George
N. Darrow, chief pomologist, U. S.
Department of Agriculture, Belts-
ville, Maryland. Raspbrry plant-
ings at the Farm are reported
looking fine and producing heavily.
The transplanting of thousands of
rhododendron plants is still going
on and some of the larger plants
have almost reached the stage
where the wild plants may receive
grafts from domesticated stock ac-
cumulated from English and Ca-
nadian importations.

"Logistics" was a widely used
military term during the war. It
meant having the right materials
at the right place at the right
time. "Logistics" in cranberry
harvesting will have an increasing-
ly important meaning when the
use of mechanical pickers comes
in wider use.

Take, for example, the picking
of a typical 20 acre bog. If the
yield on this bog were 100 barrels
per acre, that would mean the
handling of 8000 quarter barrels.
If four WESTERN PICKERS were
used to pick this acreage it would
probably be done in four days.
That means that 2000 boxes would
have to be handled per day or 167
per hour, or nearly 3 per minute.
Since it is not desirable to walk
on the bog prior to picking, dis-
tribution of boxes must start after
the picking. To do this eflSciently
would require a goodly number of
men just to keep ahead of the ma-
chines.

To get around this it has been
suggested that the first collection
from the machines be done in
sacks. One man could carry 50
sacks in a bale any reasonable dis-
tance quickly. Because the WES-
TERN PICKER prunes the vines
as it picks, a large amount of the
volume is taken up by vines, hence
abrasion and heating is cut to a
minimum. (Incidentally, the vines
and berries are separated by pour-
ing over a chicken wire screen sim-
ilar to a small gravel bunker. The
dry senarated berries still retain
the bloom they had in the field.)

Forseeable objections to sacks
would be overripe, tender and soft
berries, but these are not insur-
mountable. To offset these objec-
tions are greater speed, less prep-
arations, more volume, less burn-
ing, more mobility, less units, and
less worry and less costs.

This is only one of the many
new ideas that will be ti'ied out
by the NCA and WESTERN
PICKERS this fall with their new
picker, and a grower can choose
for himself whether he wants
sacks or boxes. (Advt.)

Nineteen

Frosts in 1945-46

(Continued from Pa^e 13)

ing injury. With full sunshine,
however, after the other four
frosts of 1946 and na damage, the
importance of cool weather preced-
ing the frost is emphasized strong-

ly.

Summary of Factors Contributing
to Frost Injury

With frost temperatures practi-
cally the same on the nights of
April 5, 6 and 7, in both years, the
following conditions helped to in-
duce injury in 1945 which did not
occur in 1946:

1. Blossoms were somewhat
more advanced in 1945. Consid-
ering the successful survival of the
bloom on April 17, 1946, this does
not seem to be as important a fac-
tor as item No. 2.

Continental Red Seal
Industrial Engines

J. M. HACKETT

No. Hanover, Mass.

Tel. Rockland 186-1

2. Blossoms and buds were in most important factor contributing

a more tender state in 1945 be- to damage.

cause of ten particularly warm .3. During the first frost of the

days and nights just preceding series, the temperature remained

these frosts. This is probably the at the low point for about IVa

BOLENS GARDEN TRACTORS

(WITH SICKLE BAR ATTACHMENT)

ROTOTILLERS
ENGINE DRIVEN GENERATORS

FOR EMERGENCY AND ALL TYPES OF APPLICATIONS

BRIGGS & STRATTON ENGINES

PORTABLE PUMPS

POWER MOWER EQUIPMENT

Complete Mechanical Service

INDUSTRIAL ENGINES— from 1/2 H. P. to 100 H. P.

Alan Painten Company

Established 1922

Hanover, Mass.

Tel. Hanover 334

mmwami ■T..»,»„..gj-ii88MWIWN

We are "All Set" to serve Massachusetts Growers

* WITH ANY JOB OF BOG RENOVATION.

* NEW BOG CONSTRUCTION

* BOG MAINTENANCE

We have Power Shovels (?>) ; Tractor Bulldozers (3) ; Cranes, Scrapers, 90-
Yard Screener; Power Winches, Drag^ers; Road Grader — 30 competent Oper-
.•■tors and employes— AND THE NECESSARY EXPERIENCE AND KNOW-
HOW.

E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Pranconia Service Station

1 rciglit Transportation (including cranberries
in season). Heavy equipment liauling.
Tel. 227

Franconia Coal Co.

Water-White Kerosene for Weed Control this
siiriii^-.

Tel. 39-R

Tires, Tubes, Batteries, Auto and Truck Re-
pairing and Greasing. Jenney Gasoline and
Motor Oils.

Distributors for
MACK and INTERNATIONAL TRUCKS

Tel. 39-R

CAULT CONSTRUCTION COMPANY

"EDDIK" T. GAULT, JR.

Main St., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. 227

Twenty

hours in 1945 as compared with
only a half hour in 1946. Due to
the hardening process, the differ-
ences in time of exposure during
later frosts would probably not be
of the same importance.

4. There was full sunshine fol-
lowing the first five frosts in 1945.
In 1946, the coldest frost was fol-
lowed by cloudiness up to 10 a. m.

Conclusion

With previous weather favorable
to "hardening" the plant tissues,
blueberry flower buds in the white
stage and just before the white
stage were able to withstand tem-
peratures of 24 degrees and in
some fields less, even though full
sunshine occurred in the following
morning hours.

Use of Irrigation

In 1945 rotary sprinkler irriga-
tion run on the nights of April 5,
6, 7, 22, May 24 and 31, resulted in
saving the crop, while adjacent
fields had a 50 per cent loss. In
1946 similar temperatures in April
indicated the need of irrigation

which was run on six nights. So
far as our observations go, nothing
was accomplished by this 1946 ir-
rigation.

In order to have protection when
needed, irrigation must usually be
run some nights when it is not
needed.

The decision to irrigate must be
made according to the expected
drop in temperature. It must be
started around 31°F. rather than
waiting until the lower temper-
ature of actual damage is reached.
Applying the water when the tem-
perature of damage is reached can

cause more damage than leaving
the plants dry.

If the plants are coated with ice,
injury will not occur so long as
water in the liquid state keeps
falling upon the ice. Then the
temperature is maintained at 32 °F.
If the irrigation stops and the
temperature is low enough to in-
jure the plant tissues, such ice-
coated plants will be injured more
quickly than if they had remained
dry and were free of ice.

Frequent irrigation in April and
May can increase mummy berry in-
fection.

THANK YOU, FELLOW GROWERS

In the few months that I have been offering prefabricated flumes,
gates and corrugated iron pipe, you have ordered ten thousand dol-
lars' worth of this material. This is in spite of the fact that I have
been so busy with my own bog work that I have not been able to do
a real selling job, and despite my cranberry politics which many of
you find obnoxious. For this I thank you. Not that it will make me
rich — my on-the-spot consultation and analysis of your needs cost me
time and money — but because it confirms my opinion that we growers
need an economical, easily installed flume. Incidentally, it is time to
order for Fall use.

Russell A. Trufant Carver 64-11 North Carver, Mass.

SKINNER* Pioneer and leader in irrigation

SKINNER controlled irrigation
waters large areas uniforntly—

The SKINNER Controlled Power Sprinkler is
specially designed for high water pressures and
large volumes. A fine, effective sprinkler for
large coverage where slow rotation Is required.

SKINNER Irrigation Engineers, through a back-
ground of long experience, have developed the
Super Utility Sprinkler. Primarily used for water-
ing sturdy, liberally rooted crops, its high volume
and maximum coverage give excellent irrigation.
These sprinkler heads may be added to your
present system to increase the effectiveness of
controlled watering and bring bigger and bet-
ter yields consistently. You can depend on
SKINNER for performance and dependability.

The Skinner Irrigation Company

150 W. Water St., Troy, Ohio

KINNER

YSTEM

3

m

Q
Q

o

3

C
-n

Cutotoq No.
Controlled Pwr.

Mole
Inlet The.

Pressure"
in lbs.

Moin
Notlle Inth

C. p. M.

D!om. of Uni(orm
Coverage tn ft.

CP-1

1"

60

80

100

%

23.50
28.50
32.30

135
145
155

CP-

l'/4

1%"

85
100
125

'A

64.00
72.00

180
190

Twenty-one

Fruitworm Meeting

Cranberry fruitworm meetings
were scheduled for July 14 at 7
a. m. by J. Richard Beattie, County
Agent, Plymouth County Exten-
sion Service, these to be at the
Cape Cod Company Long Pond bog-
off Neck road, Rochester, and at
the State Experiment Station, East
Wareham; also July 15 at 7 p. m.
at the Nicholas Phillips bog, Wap-
ping road, Kingston. The schedule
included identification and control
of the cranberry fruitworm. Dr.
Franklin and Joseph Kelley were
to aid in the discussion and identi-
fication of insects.

With the notice of the meeting
sent to growers, July 7, was the
following special message from
Dr. Franklin: "Those who are
drawing off the summer flood in
connection with Root Grub control
should remember that the flooded
bogs are liable to be attacked by
cutworms within a few days. This
should be looked for by sweeping
with an insect net. Any necessary
control measures for cutworms
should be attended to promptly.
See the cranberry chart for par-
ticulars."

Repaired N. E.
'Copter Is Back

The "New England Cranberry
Sales Company" 'copter, owned and
operated by Wiggins Airways,
was returned from the Bell Cor-
poration at Buffalo July 5th after
repairs had been made following
the accident. Dusting operations
were begun immediately from
Sherman Airport, Plymouth.

New gates have been installed
and the flanges of the distributor
tubes have been flattened and
flared out to give more even dis-
tribution and wider coverage of
the dust.

A new pilot is operating, John
F. Connelly, a native of lillinois,
who recently has been operating
out of Camden for Helicopter Air
Transpoi't. The pilot has also re-
cently been engaged in helicopter
oil exploration work in Louisiana.

During the repair interim. New
England Sales members were ser-
viced by a Cub plane of Crop Dus-
ter, Inc., and more than 150 acres
were covered. Ground dusting'
also filled in the immediate needs
of members.

Call

Cranberry School
For Veterans
In Oregon

Sixteen GIs in Bandon, Port Or-
ford and North Bend of Oregon
are interested in the establishment
of a veterans' agricultural training
school in cranberries, according to
Jack Hansell, assistant county
agricultural agent of Coos County.

The possibility of establishing
such a school in Coos county was
discussed by Ted Kirsch at a meet-
ing of the Southwestern Oregon
Cranberry association. Kirsch will
contact a veterans' representative
in Salem, then call a meeting of all
persons interested in the training,
according to Hensell. At such
time it is determined a school can
be established, an instructor ap-
proved by the Veterans' Adminis-
tration must be secured.

Kirsch explained that under ag-
ricultural training regulations, a
veteran must attend 200 hours of
classwork per year in addition to
100 hours individual instruction on
the farm. Subsistence of a maxi-
mum of $90 per month for mar-

JTeter xA.« -Lie 1^

age

44

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 740

.

KEEP SMILING"

Peter A. LeSage

'^ YARMOUTH

Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries Tei. BamstaWe i07

Twenty-two

ried veterans and a maximum of
$65 per month for single men will
be allowed, but a veteran must not
realize a total income of more
than $200 monthly including reg-
ular wages and subsistence. An
allotment for supplies will be in-
cluded if the school is established.

JARI POWER SCYTHE

Cuts weeds, grass, brush
Write for details

CALCO
Rainmaker

Portable Steel Pipe

Milorganite

Organic 6% Nitrogen Fertilizer

BtJUR IRRIGATIOH

Wifh

LESS

muR

For Fprm, Or^ird or Truck Gardsn. Eauly
and quickly indented on any irrigation pipe.
HMvy duty br^it and bronie contlrucllen
for long tervlct. Sand and dirt proof. Wa-
••r lubricatedjt^ringt— no oil or grease re-
quired. No Im moving parte to rapidly
weor out. Moftnum covervge— even dlilri-
butien. B

^ BUCKNER MANUFACTURING CO.j(»
I61S Blackstone Ave., Fresno, California

BUCKNER SPRINKLERS

1121 WASHINGTON STREET
WEST NEWTON 65, MASS.

Any veterans interested in train-
ing in cranberries are asked to
contact Hansell at the county agri-
cultuial agent's office in the Coos
County court house.

Art King, extension expert in
soils, spoke during the meeting on
fertilizing and irrigation of cran-
berry bogs.

OCEAN SPRAY OPENING
"CRANBERRY CENTER' AT
LONG BEACH, WASH.

"Cranberry Center" is opening
at Long Beach, Washington, to fea-
ture cranberries. Ocean Spray
sauces, marmalade and juices,
cranberry sundaes and cranberry
milkshakes. The new shop is lo-
cated in the NCA building. Long
Beach is a summer resort as well

as a cranberry center, as is Onset
and Wareham in Massachusetts
where the Ocean Spray products
store is located on Route 28.

M. L. Urann and Miss Ellen
Stillman of National Cranberry
Association looked over the possi-
bilities for the store when they
visited the West Coast in March.
Most of the arrangements were
made by Dr. J. Harold Clarke and
his West Coast NCA committee
composed of Al Sunberg and Rolla
Parrish. During the past month
quarters were constructed for
"Cranberry Center". The Center
is finished in plywood and decor-
ated in red and white. A large
front window is used to display
various products. Donella Crowley
is to manage the store under the
direction of the committee.

CRANBERRY

GROWERS
WATCH US!

FROM NOW ON WE HAVE

SOMETHING INTERESTING

FOR YOU

AIRBORNE SPRAYER, INC.

20 Mill Street
Arlington, Mass.

Arlington 0128-J

N. E. SALES HAS CAPE
CONTACT MAN

New England Cranberry Sales
Company has a new member on
its staff who is acting as contact
and field man in Massachusetts,
chiefly in the Barnstable County
area. He is Ralph Thatcher, lo-
cated at Hyannis. Previously ex-
perienced in cranberry work, and
especially in flume-building, he
more recently spent five years in
the Army, four of them in the
Pacific area.

THOMAS BROTHERS
General Contractors

MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

Tel. Middleboro 772

Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells
Transit Mix Concrete

Complete Line of Construction Equipment
Excavating - Grading - Hauling

Leave the Tough Jobs for Us
Our Experience is Your Guarantee

Twenty-three

Deer Herds Cause
Much Damage in
Wisconsin

state Cranberry Growers'
Association Di'aws Reso-
lution for "One-Deer Sea-
son.

Wisconsin State Cranoerry
Growers' Association meeting at
Wisconsin Rapids June 17th, Pres-
ident Henry Duckart appointed a
committee to draw up a resolution
to be presented to the State Con-
servation Commission that the deer

herd in Wisconsin should be made
smaller by having a "one-deer sea-
son in that state. Deer have be-
come so large in numbers, discus-
sion brought out, that a large num-
ber of persons, including the cran-
berry growers, would like to see
the deer population ciat down.

On several marshes in the state
they have done very serious dam-
age, such as beating down the
vines, knocking berries off, and
even digging up new plantings.
Many of the growers have also
planted seedling trees as part of
the State Conservation League
tree planting program and the deer
have done untold damage to these.

Rain When You Want It
RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS

For Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation

Rain Bird Sprinkling systems do the job you want
them to do, when you want it. All working parts arc
accessible and fool proof. Oscillator arm breaks up
stream to give maximum benefit.

Consult Rain Bird engineering department for advice
on your irrigation problems.
For complete information on
Systems, write,
For the East and Midwest

Rain Bird Sprinkling

L. R. NELSON MFG. CO.
Peoria, Illinois

On the Pacific Coast

R. M. WADE and CO.
Portland, Oregon

JOSEPH BRECK & SONS
85 State Street
Boston, Mass.

IRRIGATION DIVISION

VEGACRE FARM

Forestdale (Cape Cod) Mass

OREGON CULVERT CO.
Portland, Oregon

RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CO.

GLENDORA, CALIF.

The situation was considered seri-
ous. Guest speaker at the meet-
ing at Hotel Witter was Mr. Bues
of the Wisconsin Conservation De-
partment.

Bandon Notes

Bandon, Oregon — Shortage of
rainfall in early June, with all in-
dications pointing to one of the
driest years in history, is having
definite effect upon the cranberry
crop of Coos and Curry counties,
according to some of the principal
growers in the Bandon area.

While prospects are favorable
for an extra good crop, the berries
will be matured and ready for har-
vest at least three weeks earlier
than usual. Early blooming of the
cranbsrry vines was pointed out
by growers. L. M. Kranick, one of
the larger growers, whose bog is
usually earlier than most of them,
reports that the blooms were a
whole month ahead this year.

While the month of May is us-
ually considered a moderately wet
month in the Bandon area, some
years netting several inches of
rain, the rainfall during that month
this year amounted to about three-
lenths of an inch. There is gen-
eral concern over prospective do-
mestic water shortages on the part
of cities and communities, as well
a" by farmers who rely on over-
head irrigation systems.

Martin Kranick, son of Mr. and
Mrs. L. M. Kranick, who has been
employed with the U. S. Engineers
on the Central Valley project at
Antioch, California, has arrived
home to resume construction of his
cranberry bog south of Bandon.
He has completed sanding his first
acre which is now ready for plant-
ing.

Dr. D. D. Hill, Oregon State Col-
lege Extension specialist, was
guest speaker at a recent meeting
of the Southwestern Oregon Cran-
berry club, held in Bandon. His
topic was "Weed Control". He
suggested the use of soil fumigant
in the preparation of new cran-
berry bogs and highly recommend-
ed the use of borax on bog dikes.
He also explained the uses and
actions of some of the new 2-4-D
compounds.

Twenty-four

Dr. Hill is in charge of a vast
experimental gorse control project

STOP!

GUESSING*

Xi

CONTROL
IRRIGATION

C^atsA^

WITH A

LARKm^?s'LTENSIOMETER

W soil moisture indicator
that continuously indicates
the condition of soil water.

INCREASE PROFITS WITH
CONTROLLED IRRIGATIONS

/^BETTER QUAUTY
HEAVIER YIELDS

which is sponsored and financed
jointly by the state of Oregon and
Coos, Curry, Douglas and Lane
counties of western Oregon and
which is now going into its third
year. Various chemical treat-
ments are under observation and
chemicals are being combined with
burning, clearing, seeding, goating
and tree shading. Most of the ex-
periments are being carried out on
the W. J. Sweet dairy ranch on
Elk river in northern Curry coun-
ty.

yRR(

rrigationX

larkX send for descriptive

e:quipmc«t\ folder ~

IRRIGATION ENGINEERING CO.

RIVERSIDE CALIFORNIA

Post Office Box 371

NCA Meeting

(Continued from Page 4)

New Jersey

In commenting upon the increase
in membership. Director Isaac Har-
rison of New Jersey spoke of the
swing to NCA in that state. He
said over half of the members of
the Growers' Cranberry Company
would not support the selling of
cranberries to independent packers.
He said it was the younger grow-
ers who were contributing most to
this "movement to our organiza-
tion."

Director J. W. Darlington said
Jersey was working hard to in-
crease production. He said from
1938 to 194.5 the trend had been
down, but in '46 Jersey production
more than doubled. "The question
is, are we going to stay on the
100,000 bbl. level or are we going
to fall back ? We in New Jersey
feel our upward trend is to con-
tinue." He then cited the hard
work being done, improvements in
cultural methods, and the amounts
of old acreage which are being re-
planted. "Applying New Jersey
standards to New Jersey we are on
the climb. Of course our record in
the next few years will determine
this, but I personally feel we are
going on up."

Edward Lipman, NCA Jersey
fieldman, said he felt the increase
in New Jersey membership would
continue. He referred to the or-
ganization of cranberry clubs and
to aerial maps which have been
made showing the entire Jersey
cranberry area. He had several of
these to show the growers.
Wisconsin

Concerning Wisconsin Guy Pot-
ter said it was expected four inde-

This engine-equipped Trac-
tor Trailer Hardie Sprayer
is one of many models which
meet the varied require-
ments of bog spraying. It
can be drawn by any tractor
or other motor vehicle to
wherever it is needed.

Write for Catalog of Hardie
High Pressure Sprayers and
spray accessories now pro-
duced in wide variety of ad-
vanced designs. Sizes from
4 to 80 gallons per minute.

The Hardie Mfg. Company

Los Angeles. 11, Calif. Hudson, Mich. Portland 9, Ore.

Export Dept Detroit 26, Mich.

Canadian Office, C. W. Lewis, Grimsby, Ont.

^ Dependable Sprayers

Twenty-five

pendents would shortly join NCA,
and the outlook in that state was
encouraging. He said he regretted
the break with ACE, however. C.
L. Lewis said many of the mem-
bers of the Wisconsin Cranberry
Sales company were not satisfied
at the present time. He said he
did not think growers needed to

IRRIGATION

for Cranberries

and
All Other Purposes

SKINNER SYSTEM
of IRRIGATION

Brookline, Mass.

Established 30 years

worry too much about commercial
canners, as with the fine NCA or-
ganization a few years would See
NCA having the necessary mem-
bership to maintain "grower con-
trol." He said he might suggest
there is stormy weather ahead, as
to him the fact that there is such
a large carry-over in sauce is in-
dicative that the 1946 prices were
too high. "I feel we have got to
face the prospect of perhaps con-
siderably lower prices in 1947."
Oregon
Director "Jimmy" Olson of Ban-
don declared the Bandon area was
going to keep on growing and that
there was a cranberry "boom'' on
there. He said he knew of only
two bogs which were for sale and
those at very high prices. He said
that every bit of raw cranberry
land was being taken up. He said
he never knew of any grower in
Bandon who had lost money on
cranberries. He said the Bandon
growers were mostly little family
groups who worked hard, that the
Bandon industry is "young", and
"we are going into a new business
for us." He praised the role of

NCA in the progress made in Ban-
don and said the success was due
largely to Mr. Urann having gone
there and asking growers to join
with the national organization.
Washington
Director Einar Waara of Gray-
land said the 250 growers in that
area with 33,500 barrels of berries
last year were all members of the
National and he "was satisfied
with the National from the bottom
of my heart" and so were the other
growers.

Urged Larger Participation

Director Harrison Goddai'd of
Massachusetts said not enough of
the members gave 100 per cent of
their crop to the National, and
urged them to give 100 per cent of
their production to their co-oper-
ative.

The program was a long and en-
thusiastic one, with intei'ruption
for a lobster lunch, until late af-
ternoon. Many speakers were
heard, including the reading of
records by J. C. Makepeace, a brief
report upon fresh fruit marketing
by Russell Makepeace. George
Lamb, president of the Springfield

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•

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Immediate Delivery

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H. A. SUDDARD, INC.

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L

__ _ _ .__ -

f

Twenty-six

Bank for Co-operatives, extended
unbounded praise for NCA, assert-
ing it was as successful and truly
as cooperative as any co-op in the
country. He said the Springfield
bank was ready to extend any
credits necessary to finance NCA
operations through the year. He
said it was eventually desirable
that members own the stock on a
direct patronage basis. Director
Albert Hedler of Wisconsin was
another speaker, who said he felt
Wisconsin was on the way toward
increased membership, "although
as a matter of fact it may be a
good thing if we do not get 100 per
cent membership of the industry
in NCA." Commenting upon this,
John Quarles, attorney for NCA,
said he believed farmers can unit
100 per cent for the marketing of
their crop.

Comptroller John F. Harriot,
Nathaniel Ryder of Cranberry
Credit Corporation, and Ferris C.
Waite of growers' supplies were
among others making- reports.

Members voted to alter the as-
sociation's Articles of Incorpor-
ation to permit the issuance of
more capital stock. Voluntary

purchases of stock by the associ-
ation's members have now ap-
proached the limit which the as-
sociation is authorized to sell, and
the change is necessary to permit
members to purchase shares of

stock in proportion to their pat-
ronage, it was explained. Up un-
til the time of the vote, the asso-
ciation was authorized to sell only
60,000 shares of common voting-
stock and 40,000 shares of pre-

Colley

Cranberry

Company

Plymouth, Mass.

Office
17 Court Street

Telephone
Plymouth 1622

The

SEMPOS FLOAT BOAT

{ Patent app. for)

MR. CRANBERRY-GROWER :

You want a maximum return for your 1947 crop.

You can't get a maximum return without full recovery of your
floats.

You can't get a full recovery of your floats without a SEMPOS
FLOAT BOAT.

The SEMPOS FLOAT BOAT approximately doubles recovery of
floats; cleans the bog while it works; will NOT injure bog or
vines.

The SEMPOS FLOAT BOAT is jet-propelled, uses jet agitation,
and carries the operator.

Inquire about our Lease Arrangement that means Increased

Profits for You

Sempos Products Company

Box .36

MANUFACTURERS AND FLOAT CONTRACTORS

Tel. Wareham 1030 East Wareham, Mass.

Twenty-seven

IRRIGATION

EQUIPMENT
and SUPPLIES

MANUFACTURER'S

DISTRIBUTOR

OF

FLEX-0-SEAL

Pressure tight — Lightweight

PORTABLE PIPE

8"x20' lengths
6"x20' lengths
4"x20' lengths
S"x20' lengths

$27.50
20.46
16.40
11.35

SPRINKLER HEADS

SUCTION HOSE

DISCHARGE FITTINGS

ENGINE
PUMPING UNITS

We have available

a large quantity of

O. C. D. Chrysler Pumping Units

Skids, Trailers, Front Mounts

Giant Portable Heads

for

Vegetables

Potatoes — Field Crops

Cranberries

Through experience gained in act-
ual operation of many miles of Flex-
O-Seal Pipe and all types of rotary
Sprinkler Heads on our own Cape Cod
Farm and from experience in setting
up installations on most of the large
rotary sprinkler type irrigation sys-
tems in New England on tobacco, po-
tato, vegetable and cranberry layouts,
wo feel qualified to engineer your ir-
rigation requiremnts.

Visitors Invited to

Irrigation Division

VEG-ACRE-FARM

P^orestdale (Cape Cod) Mass.
Phone Osterville 719

LITERATURE - PRICES

LAYOUTS - ESTIMATES

FREE ON REQUEST

ferred stock, but the vote has in-
creased the quantities to 120,000
and 80,000 respectively. Both
classes of stock have a par value
of $25 a share. Members also vot-
ed to eliminate the class of non-vot-
ing common stock, of which 20,000
shares are now outstanding. This
class of stock, which is held by
some of the larger growers and is
no longer necessary, will be con-
verted to preferred stock, it was
said.

Many of the shares of stock now
authorized are already spoken for.
Members in the past few months
have shown an increased interest
in the aifairs of the cooperative
and have placed orders for $288,-
000 worth of stock. Although a
grower is required to purchase
only one share in order to become
a member, the association's officers
it was pointed out, are aiming at
the time when each grower will
own shares of stock in direct pro-
portion to the number of berries
he delivers to the cooperative.

Members of the National also
voted to increase the size of their
board of directors to 15, that the
increased membership may be more
adequately represented. The board
of diiectors elected at the meeting
includes Marcus L. Urann of Han-
son, Ellis D. Atwood of Carver,
John C. Makepeace of Wareham,
Harrison F. Goddard of Plymouth,
Robert S. Handy of Cataumet,
Russell Makepeace of Wareham,
Car! B. Urann of Middleboro, Al-
bert Hedler of Minneapolis, Minn.,
Charles L. Lewis of Shell Lake,
Wis., Guy N. Potter of Camp Doug-
las, Wis., Enoch F. Bills of Bor-
dentown, N. J., Joseph W. Darling-
ton of Whitesbog, N. J., Isaac
Harrison of Crosswicks, N. J.,
Einar Waara of Grayland, Wash-

ington, and James Olson of Ban-
don, Oregon.

Immediately following the an-
nual meeting, the newly-elected
board of directors held an organ-
ization meeting and elected the
following officers of NCA for the
coming year: Marcus L. Urann,
president; Carl B. Urann, first vice-
president; John C. Makepeace,
secretary and treasurer; Joseph W.
Darlington, second vice-president;
Charles L. Lewis, third vice-pres-
ident; Marcus M. Havey, vice-pres-
ident Western Division; William S.
Jacobson, vice president Pacific
Division; H. Gordon Mann, vice
president in charge of sales; and
Ferris C. Waite, vice president in
charge of Growers' Services.

Fresh from the Fields

(Continued from Page 5)

On June 18 and 19 meetings for
the sweeping and identification of
blunt-nosed cranberry leafhopper
were held at the bogs of William
H. Reeves under the direction of
Ocean County Agent Richard Hart-
man and Burlington County Agent
Daniel Kensler. Messrs. Doehlert,
Marucci and Tomlinson of the
Cranberry and Blueberry Research
Laboratory served as instructors
at the meeting.

Blueberry Fruit Fly commenced
to emerge in cages at Pemberton
on June 9. The first dust was ap-
plied June 25 and the second will
be applied July 5th.

Blueberry Bud Mite has occurred
in serious proportions over most of
the blueberry growing regions of
the state. No satisfactory control
has been developed for this pest.
Weather and predators apparently
keep it under control some years,
but do not do so at other times
such as this season.

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

BOG MANAGEMENT

17 Court St.
Plymouth, Mass.

~SSq . / Tels: Plymouth 1622

^/(J/- / Kingston 319

®J /

If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will
pay you to see us.

A number of properties available, more wanted.

Twenty-eight

Aim for A Top Deal

When it comes to the disposal of your processing berries, you want a
TOP DEAL.

You get just that when you deal with

STOKELY FOODS, Inc.

1. You get top prices.

2. You get prompt service in pick-up.

3. You deal with a reputable national
organization operating 68 modern
canning plants throughout the United
States and Canada.

4. You deal with a firm which has not
only assured domestic markets for
your cranberries in processed form,
but also large foreign outlets.

Jj^BERRYSAjjC^

You deal with men long expei'ienced in the canning of quality
foods. In Massachusetts you have the personal attention of Russell
Appling, Manager of the New Bedford Plant, long experienced in
cranberries; and in Wisconsin. J. E. O'Brien, a prominent Wisconsin
canner.

Aim your processing berries through STOKELY and hit the target

of satisfaction.

STOKELY FOODS, Inc.

A Subsidiary of
STOKELY-VAN CAMP, INC. INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA

Twenty-nine

WISCONSIN

Average Crop or Less?

There seems to be a split of
opinion among growers as to
whether Wisconsin is to have an
average crop or one which will be
below average. Many of the

marshes look exceedingly good, and
barring frost dama°e later and
proper climatic conditions, thei'e
should be a fairly good crop pro-
duced in 1947.

Frost Damage

On the night of June 15th and
morning of the 16th growers were
hit by frost, and on some marshes
there was considerable damage.

LLOYD M. HENDRICK

Registered Architect

Architect-Engineer

Public* CoDunercial and

Domestic Work

BAKER BLDG. BUZZARDS BAY

AND POCASSET, MASS.

We Have Listing of
Cranberry Bogs, large or small

FOR SALE
Geo. A. Cole Agency

WILDA HANEY

Decas Block

Wareham, Massachusetts

Cranberry Bogs
Bought and Sold

on Cape Cod

ROBERT R. LARK IN
Realtor

West Harwich, Mass.

Tel. Har. 509-W

ARE YOU SURE?

Why not let us make a survey of your insurance
without charge, to make sure that you are
fully protected?

For more than 20 years, Mr. Eben A. Thacher,
of this firm, has provided specialized insurance
service to meet the needs of cranberry growers.
He will be glad to discuss a survey of your
requirements and present coverage.

Brewer & Lord

INSURANCE
65 Batterymarch Street, Boston

Telephone: Hancock 0830

- rrrcCO:yZ'.

/^events MandTemimi

Saves Costly Repairs
and Renewals

WHERE

THERE IS CUPROLICNUM

THERE IS NO ROT

PROTECTS CANVAS, NETS, ROPES AND WOOD

Protect Your Flumes and Gates

New England Representative

ROBERT S. CHASE

195 Marlboro Street

Boston 16, Mass.

Thirty

't seems probable that the damage
raused that night will have a defi-
lite effect on the crop prospects.
[t was a spotty frost with a variety
)f temperatures in various loca-
unong growers that a more ade-

tions. This is developing a feeling
quate frost warning system should
be developed, as in this particular
instance a cold front moved in
rapidly and a lot of the growers
were unable to protect in time.

Blafi

'40

PROTECT

THIS YEAR'S PROMISE FOR

A

PROFITABLE

CRANBERRY CROP

Use Black Leaf 40 in accordance with State
recommendations for the control of

Blackheaded Fireworm Blunt-Nosed Leafhopper
Spittle Insect Red-Striped Fireworm

TOBACCO BY-PRODUCTS & CHEMICAL CORP.

Incorporated
LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY

Fireworm Troublesome

Fireworm infestation proved to
be a troublesome factor in the first
brood. The infestation ran from
medium on some marshes to heavy
on others. Weather was poor for
spraying. In many instances
growers sprayed in the morning
and there was rain before night.
Those that used DDT and pyreth-
rum spray have reported from
adequate to excellent control for
fireworm. Most Wisconsin marsh-
es had to be treated for this pest
at least twice in the first brood.

A larger amount of Stoddard
Solvent was applied on the marshes
than was indicated last month, and
the figure at end of June was near-
er 120,000-125,000 gallons. There
is an opinion among a lot of the
growers that they applied this too
early in the season.

WASHINGTON

By mid-June bogs were in full
bloom. Mr. Crowley estimates crop
prospects as "at least as good as
last year." May was unusually dry,
but much rain first weeek of June.

The New England Cranberry Sales Company

Provides complete service for its members — on actual cost basis —
in the production, packing and marketing of their cranberry crops.

Its sales service has established a dependable "market" for both
the fresh and canning grades of cranberries produced by members ; se-
curing the best possible results for members at the lowest cost consist-
ent with efficient service.

The Fresh Cranberry Cooperative

9 Station Street
MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

Thirty-one

The few old bogs which were
abandoned years ago continue to
be gradually picked up and re-
claimed. Charles V. Blaylock rec-
ently purchased the old J. B. Woods
place and has begun oiling out the
weeds on McFarlins and Howes.
He plans to replant all other va-
rieties. The Blair Brothers, who
purchased the Pugh bog from
George Lillegaard, now have all
their bog under sprinklers. The
system includes two of the giant
heads that throw more than 200
gallons a minute. It is noted this
type of sprinkler appears very sat-
isfactory for cranberry irrigation.

Annual field day is to be held at
the Experiment Station Aug. 8th.
Oregon growers are holding field
day July 21, and many Washington
growers expect to attend.

ARIENS-7i7/er

THE MOST
COMPUTE LINE OF
TILLAGE EQUIPMENT
IN THE WORLD CA-
PACITIES 14 IN, TO
? FT CUTTING WIDTHS.

ARIENS CO.

Box 508 BRILLION. WIS.

Nolan Servoss, assistant county
agent, has begun a survey of the
cranberry industry in the State of

Washington. He expects to have
a report ready within a few weeks.

BRIGHTEN and LIGHTEN

Your life in work and at home by using

ELECTRICITY

Plymouth County Electric Co.

WAREHAM

Tel. 200

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 1300

"NOTHING IS PERMANENT
EXCEPT CHANCE"

Eternal vigilance is the price of liberty and of success. People, nations,
businesses survive through their ability to anticipate and adapt them-
selves to changing conditions.

Our business is the distribution of CAPE COD CRANBERRIES, and
"Business Is Good With Us." For over a quarter of a century we have
served cranberry growers, anticipating changes and adapting our
methods to new trends.

That is why we need additional supplies for 1947 — because we have
good outlets for your entire crop for both fresh fruit and processing.

DON'T WORRY. CONTACT

BEATON'S DISTRffiUTING AGENCY
Cape Cod Cranberries

WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS

970

Telephone Wareham jg^

Thirty-two

CRANBERRIES THE YEAR AROUND...

"A NEW
STARTLING
USE CF
CRANBERRIES!"

WE ARE
ENCOURAGING
THROUGH
NEWSPAPER
ADVERTISING
THE USE OF
CRANBERRIES
THE YEAR
AROUND , . .

i7a>c/e

Conwa/s VVfio/e Zerry

CRANBERRY

Sauce

onVANILLA
ICE CREAM

ConwftVi

CmnbettS

5°uce wiih ,1," ■ ■ "le

^urprise

Family!

MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS INC.

BRIDGETON NEW JERSEY

-If*

Represented by
BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY

WAREHAM, MASS.

WELCOME HOME

SWEET CHaaOn

C.jHj^O,, is sugar. It's back and the housewives have it. With
rationing dead as a smoked salmon the housevi'ife can again step up to
the grocer's counter and say:

"Ten pounds of sugar, please". "Twenty pounds of sugar,
please". "Thirty pounds of sugar, please". Of course she may not get
it all in one store, but she will find it, ten pounds here, ten there.

THIS IS ABOUT AS GOOD NEWS AS CRANBERRY GROW-
ERS COULD HEAR ! We have all seen the revived interest in cars since
the end of gas rationing. Cranberries are relatively a luxury food — and
a luxury is hard to sell when it is hard to use.

The "Packer", national fresh fruit and vegetable weekly, editoralized June
21: "Reports of increased sugar purchases by housewives since the end of rat-
ioning are believed to indicate that home canning will again be an important
factor in absorbing fruit supplies, and growers, shippers and dealers have good
reason to feel encouraged over the outlook."

As the world's foremost fresh cranberry sales agency we do feel
encouraged — and you should too.

The American Cranberry Exchange, Inc.

90 West Broadway, New York 7, N. Y.
The Cranberry Groovers Cooperative

RVINC A $12,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY

APE COD
iEW JERSEY
WISCONSIN
OREGON
WASHINGTON

STATE OF MAINE CRANBERRY GROWER

LEON R. WING (Cranberries Photo)

August, 1947

30 Cents

4.»».

You Can't Beat
Experience !

For over half a century the Growers' Cranberry Company has been ren-
dering super-efficient service to its members, which comprise the major-
ity of the Cranberry growers in New Jersey. You can't beat experience.
Wouldn't you like to join us?

Growers Cranberry Company, Inc.

PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY

WELCOME!

TWENTY-SEVEN new members have joined the

WISCONSIN CRANBERRY SALES CO.

the past year.

Our Very Best Wishes to them for a successful future and we ex-
tend to them our complete cranberry services — marketing, purchasing
of supplies at actual cost, technical and practical advice on cranberry
culture.

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

WISCONSIN RAPIDS - - - WISCONSIN

33,000,000
Women

will read about Ocean Spray
every month in national
magazines this fall.

Ocean Spray's 1947 advertis-
ing campaign — largest in its
history — -wiU start with Sep-
tember issues . . . opening
the season earlier than ever
before.

The more customers for Oc-
ean Spray, the better the
earnings for members. NCA
continues to build demand
and make new customers by
investing in national adver-
tising that boosts sales.

First advertisement in Ocean Spray's
$200,000 campaign, appearing in
color in September issues of Ladies'
Home Journal, Better Homes and
Gardens, Woman's Home Companion
and This Week; and in black and
v)hite in Good Housekeeping,
Parents, and American Weekly.

'me -^

(■!)ic!^,^" \ou ran he sure of squeal
from Uu- \oimj;-tf"rs and smiics from
the ..Id-tn-s. Tli.-r- pluni|> liille chit-ks
.lie '.■j--\ [u u\A<- . . jii-l (. lit iheni

aroNtui .1 r-ij-l rliirkcn . . . nr
on a I liif kill -.tiat! plate . . .
servi- ihem on Ictliicc with i\
rhickcri saiulwirh ... or hrini;
on a iilatcful \\'f\\\ fried chirk-
en. ^ "u <;in -nip them in a
jiffv. lull ili.\'II he lalk.-fi

rovAY

lean Spioy lobe! bfing\ you thi» "cci'ibprry chitt" tultef, de-
uiivfrl/ for Oceon Spfoy (Cdn only, pKoie ... no Uompi)
,*n) lo "Ocran Sp'Oy". Dept 19^7, Hortion. Mow

NAM^

ADDRESS

I CITY and STATE

National Cranberry Association

The Growers* Cooperative

DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREHAM 162

S. G. M. Packard & Go.

Hardware — Locksmiths
For Maintenance Supplies

USE DYNAMITE

The modem way to re-
move stumps, excavate
rocks, DIG CORES FOR
DIKES, and other blasting
work in cranberry growing.
Speeds up work — reduces costs.
CONSULT WITH US ON ANY
WORK YOU ARE PLANNING.
Trained by Hercules Powder Co.

ALTON J. SMITH

High St., Hanson, Mass.

Tel. Bryantville 209-R-3

Marinefte &
Menominee Box Co.

Marinette, Wisconsin

BOXES. BOX SHOCKS. CRATING
WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES

M & M's 64th Year

Serving the Wisconsin
Cranberry Growers

Extensive Experience in
ELECTRICAL WORK

At Scrssnhousas, Bocs and
Pumps Msans SatisTactien

ALFRED PAPPI

WAREHAM. MASS. T*l. asfl

Serving

Western Cranberry

Growers

with

High Quality Products

Rotenone

Pyrethrum

DDT Sprays & Dusts

Nicotine

Copper Sprays

Oil Sprays

Lime Sulphur Solution

MILLER PRODUCTS C

PORTLAND 1. OQEGQN

Middleborough
Trust Company

MIDDLEBORO
MASS.

Member of

The Federal Deposit

Insurance Corporation

Morris April Bros.

Bridgeton - Tuckahoe

New Jersey

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

H. R. Bailey Co.

South Carver
Massachusetts

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.
in stock

Cranberry Growers:

WE ARE IN POSITION TC
SUPPLY YOU WITH YOUK
1947 CRANBERRY CON-
TAINERS

also

Good Quality

Wheeling Plank

Quotations on Request

F. H. COLE

North Carver, Mass.

Est. 1707
WOODEN BOX MFGR.

Harvest

and

Shipping
Boxes

Jesse A. Holmes & Son

Carver, Mass.

Tel. Carver 10-3

SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY

ADAMS & GOULD

Lumber Dealers

"Everything Under Cover"

East Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 648

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Paints - Hardware

Cape & Vineyard
Electric Company

Offices:

Chatham

Falmouth
Hyannis

Vineyard Haven

Acushnet
Saw Mills Co.

GOOD
WOOD BOXES

Cranberry Growers

Order Harvest and

Shipping Boxes

New Bedford, Mass.

Est. 1865

Irossman's

On Cape Cod

"EVERYTHING TO
BUILD WITH"

Opposite R. R. Station

Sagamore, Mass.

778
Tels. Sagamore 779

EitablUhed ISit

Hall & Cole

Incorporated

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

94 Faneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON, MASS.

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES
SPECIALTIES

Car Lot Receivers

Wood
County
National
Bank

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT
INSURANCE CORPORATION

(ROP-SAVER

brand

INSECTICIDES

The National Bank of Wareham

Conveniently located for Cranberry men

FUNGICIDES

For the Cranberry Grower

CROP-SAVER
CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc

Funds always available for sound loans

Complete Banking Service

3511 West Potomac Avenue
Chicago 51, Illinois

Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.

Annual Meeting of Massachusetts Growers, Tues:, August 19

D. J. Crowley of Washington
State to be a Featured
Speaker — Other Talks on
Hail Insurance, Gypsy
Moth Control — Machinery
and Equipment, Including
Western Picker.

The annual meeting of the Cape
Cod Cranberry Growers' Associa-
tion Tuesday, August 19th, at the
Massachusetts State Experiment
Station, as usual, promises to be an
extremely interesting one. Meet-
ing will begin promptly at 9.30,
with the usual business meeting,
followed by a speaking program.
Dinner is to be at 12 noon, served
by the ladies of the Wareham M. E.
church, who put on such a fine
luncheon last year. During the
noon recess and after the speaking
program, there will be a demon-
stration of cranberry equipment,
including, it is expected, the Wes-
tern Picker.

A featured speaker will be D. J.
Crowley, director of Washington

State Experiment Station at Long
Beach, who is making his first trip
East since 1923. Mr. Crowley, a
native of Boston, Mass., is now
recognized as foremost authority
on West Coast cranberry growing.
It is expected Mr. Crowley will
have much to tell Eastern growers
of cranberry conditions in the
West.

Other invited speakers include:
experts on hail insurance for cran-
berry growers, aerial mapping of
bogs and bog areas, and J. M. Cor-
liss of the Gypsy Moth Laboratory
of Greenfield, Mass. The business
meeting will include election of
officers, and, of course, the high-
light of every meeting, the official
pre-harvest crop estimate by C. D.
Stevens, New England Crop Re-
porting Service.

As there will be interesting dem-
onstrations this year, visiting
growers have been requested by the
Station Staff not to walk on the
vined areas of the State Bog.

Experimental
Cranberry Plot
In Finland

Cultivated cranberries from the
United States are now growing in
Finland, on a strictly experimental
scale, according to a letter re-
ceived by CRANBERRIES Maga-
zine. The letter is from L. O. Ervi
of Mechelinink, Helsinki. Mr. Ervi
is secretary of the Committee of
Bogberries, the Culture fund of
Finland.

Mr. Ervi writes:

"As to the natural cranberries
in Finland, the ordinary cranber-
ries, Oxycoccus quadripetalus Gil
Vaccinium oxycoccus L. and the
small cranberry, Oxycoccus micro-

carpus Turos (Vaccinium micro-
carpum), are both very common
here, and the former is very much
liked at table. The picking usually
takes place during the first chilly
days in the fall, or early in the
spring.

"The cranberry cultivation was
started here only one year ago
(last summer), initiated by the
Finnish Culture Fund. At the
same time the experiments were
started for cultivating Oxycoccus
quadripetalus, the natural cranber-
ry of Finland, and also some oth-
ers of our natural berries, namely
the arctic berry, Rubus arcticus,
and the cloudberry, Rubus chamae-
morus L. We are since then grow-
ing the "American Cranberry of
Commerce" on one experimental

NEW SAND PLANT NOW

Last winter, in anticipation of your needs, I ordered a sand dig-
ging, screening and loading plant. It is now ready for shipment.
There is a Sauerman drag scraper; Sauerman hoist with extra spools
for car-moving or power shift; Austin-Western plate feeder, 40-ft.
belt and shaking screen. All powered by two Wisconsin VF-4 air-
cooled engines. Here is a complete sand plant for half the cost of a
power shovel alone. Capaacity about 30 yards an hour. Who gets it?

North Carver. Mass. RUSSELL A. TRUFANT Phone Carver 64-11

Bog Railroads Prefabricated Flumes Hydraulic Consultant

field. It was then we came intc
contact with the American experi-
mental stations of cranberry culti-
vation and we then also leamec
of your publication.

"The cranberry cultivation here
so freshly started, is still on ar
experimental degree, but I an
please dto say we are alread]
making advancement."

The vines which have been set
experimentally are presumed tc
be some which were furnished bj
Dr. H. J. Franklin through con-,
nections in Washington, and are &
small quantity of cuttings of both
Early Blacks and Howes from tht
bog of the Lowell Cranberry Com-
pany at Carlisle, Mass.

N. J. Growers'
Meeting- to be
Exhibition

Annual Summer Gathering
Association at Bogs ol
William H. Reeves — 'Cop-
tre and Western Picker to
be in Operation.

This year's annual meeting of
the American Cranberry Growers'
Association Thursday, August 28,
will feature an exhibit of cran-
berry machinery and equipment.
The regular speaking program will
be omitted. Crop Statistician D.
O. Boston will, however, give his
usual crop estimate.

The gathering is to be at the
bogs of William H. Reeves which
is on route 40 between Upton and
the Four-Mile State Colony traffic
circle.

Equipment actually to be in act-
ion will be a helicopter and the
Western Cranberry Picker. Other
machinery will be on display, but
will not be operated.

We Have Listing of
Cranberry Bogs, large or small

FOR SALE
Geo. A. Cole Agency

WILDA HANEY

Decas Block

Wareham, Massachusetts

Four

Issuo of August 1947 — Vol. 12. No. 4

Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham. Massachusetts. Subscription, $3.00 per year.
Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-ofBce at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879.

FRESH FROM THE FIELDS

By C J. H.

"What's the crop going to be?"
That is the question growers ask
each other as August comes in
and beginning of harvest is only
a month or less away. Last year
saw a near-record production,
which, when the revised historical
figure is released will presumably
be about 857,000 for the total, with
the final upped New Jersey pro-
duction over the previously esti-
mated 90,000. The December 1946
release of USDA Crop Reporting
Service gave Massachusetts 550,-
000; Wisconsin, 145,000; Jersey,
101,000; Washington 46,000; and
Oregon 15,000.

The feeling lately has been bet-
ter for a "good" crop, but if last
year's huge production is equalled
there will be a good deal of sur-
prise. If production approaches
SOO.OOO, and some feel it may do
that, it will still be a big crop.
However, it's anybody's "guess"
until the Crop Reporting Services
release the first official estimate
August 19.

MASSACHUSETTS

"Good" Average Crop?

General feeling is that the crop
will be a "good average" in spite
of the extremely unlikely bud which
developed last fall. Average pro-
duction for Massachusetts would
now be 500,000 or a trifle better.
Berries, in many instances, are
developing big in size, due in part
to frequent and adequate rainfall
in the past month. This large ber-
ry size, if it proves to be generally
true, will, of course, increase the
barrelage. With the crop this far
along, more growers seem to be
inclined to swinging to the theory
maintained last spring by Dr.
Chester E. Cross that the yield
will be a "good" one, A§ for Dr.

Cross himself, he has not changed
his original estimate (which he
figured last March, but with the
figure not published previously, as
575,000 bbls. or even larger than
last year). If this estimate is not
reached, he says, it will be only
because he did not figure in a
heavier-than-usual insect damage.
He weighed this factor at the
time, but had no way of determin-
ing in advance what this loss
would turn out to be. Weather
and other factors have been splen-
did.

Heavy Insect Infestation

As it has proven, this has been
one of the most troublesome of
insect years. This was not indi-
cated at the beginning of the sea-
son when Gypsies were not of
great importance and grub was
not especially active. However,
fireworm has lived up to its usual
reputation as a first-class pest and
fruitworm has developed very
heavy. Weevil injury has been the
worst in years, and particularly so
in Barnstable County, chiefly on
outer Cape bogs. On some indi-
vidual bogs this has been severe.
Rains Aided Insects

Insect injury would have been
much worse, however great it does
develop for the season as a whole,
if growers had not been so alert
and willing to get after the bugs
right on schedule. Growers have
definitely minimized the potential
losses. However, the rains of
July have not been helpful in this
respect, as materials have been
washed off after application. In
this insect control, 'copters and
straight-wing planes played their
part. By keeping off the bogs to
such a large extent in insect con-
trol, growers have, it may be sup-
posed, raised the potential to spmg

extent. A very great quantity of
materials of various kinds have
been used this season, and grow-
ers have been wide-awake in mak-
ing fruitworm egg counts and then
immediately applying insecticides.
For instance, members of New
England Cranberry Sales have
brought samples in to Fred Hep-
burn at the packing house at West
Wareham for help in much larger
numbers than ever before, and the
ground crews of the Company
(in addition to the air control pro-
gram) have done more work than
ever before. In fact, operating
crews have been increased by more
than threefold.

As August comes in, a great
many growers say their individual
bogs look as good or even better
than last year. Most growers now
seem to expect a "good average
crop", as they express it. Some,
on the other hand, feel the crop
may not come to 500,000 barrels,
and it is pointed out that some of
the larger growers do not antici-
pate good production, because of
holding large acreages under for
grub control or other specific rea-
sons.

Opinion is far from unanimous
this year.

NEW JERSEY

Rainfall

Following near drought condi-
tions during late June and early
July at Pemberton, a prolonged
showery period from the 7th to the
22nd overcame the deficiency with
plenty to spare when 5.5 inches
was recorded at the Laboratory.
This is 1.29 inches above normal
for July. A large proportion of
this rain fell during the daytime

(Continued on Page 21)

F>VF

A STATE OF MAINE CRANBERRY GROWER

Foreword: — Maine has a more
ancient and apparently impressive
cranberry history than is gener-
ally known. Efforts toward culti-
vation were begun in the Pine Tree
state at least as early as the
1850s: vines had been imported
from Massachusetts by then. Even
scanty research, which could well
be preliminary to more extensive
study reveals some interesting
facts of early Maine culture.

There are at least two bogs,
built and maintained in true "Cape
Cod fashion", operated in Maine
today. One of these is at Hollis,
where a former Cape Cod man,
now in his seventies, grows and
harvests his croo every year on a
property estimated as at least 75
years old. The other is the one
with which the article which fol-
lows is concerned. At Alfred, his-
toric shiretown, a Maine man,
Jerry A. Giles (who was a Cape
Cod visitor last fall) intends to
build new bog, and a neighbor is
to rebuild on the location of a bog
which has a remarkable history —
remarkable in the conception of its
planning and its operation. This
property was planted before the
Civil War and was harvested "on
the flood" seemingly long before
water-raking v^^as devised in Wis-
consin. Its builder appears to
have been a man of very advanced
ideas, not only as to harvesting
his berries, but in the handling
and preparing for market — ideas
which in efficiency are almost be-
yond today. With the obtaining of
more information, it is hoped this
fascinating story may be told in
a subsequent issue of CRANBER-
RIES.

As concerns Maine in general.
Dr. H. F. Bergman has made lim-
ited studies of native Maine va-
rieties. In Sepetmber, 1932, he
found a variety in the margin of a
swampy pond at Turner which he
has designated as "Maine No. 25".
This he describes as a medium late
variety, with the qualities of good
size and color, of being an unus-
ually good keeper and a persistent
cropper. He has planted at the
State Bog, East Wareham, a sin-
gle cutting of this vine, which now
rovers an area about five by 25
feet. Although promising, it was
not used in the cranberry breeding
program as a parent, but is being
observed. In general. Dr. Berg-
man feels the vines from around
the Maine ponds are not very good.
They have big berries and bear
heavily some years, but production
is not steady.

One of the earliest references to
cranberries has to do with those
of Maine. This is the oft-quoted
description of John Josselyji, ''Gen.-

tleman", who made a visit from
England in 1639, coming to Bos-
ton, and then spent a year with
his brother at Black Point near
what is now Scarboro. The refer-
ence to cranberries is in his "New
England Rarities Discovered", a
book which has since been of great
value as an early botanical refer-

ence. As to the use of cranber-
ries, even at that early date, Josse-
lyn wrote: "The Indians and Eng-
lish use them much. Boyling
them with Sugar for Sauce to eat
with their Meate, and it is a deli-
cate Sauce, especially for roast
Mutton; some make Tarts with
them as with Goose Berries."

By CLARENCE J. HALL

The leading and best known cranberry bog in Maine today is at
Madrid Station, town of Phillips, Franklin County, about 50 miles inland
from the coast and up among the small mountains of back-country,
Maine. The altitude of this bog is approximately 780 feet above sea
level (U. S. Geographical Survey, Phillips Quadrant) in decided contrast
to the usual cranberry location, such as Massachusetts State bog at per-
haps 20 feet.

Currently operated by Leon R. Wing, this bog was built by his
grandfather, Silas, in 1880-81, passed down to Leon's father, Bion, and
it may come to be operated by Leon's son, Bion, in the future. The bog,
situated in a pleasant valley between wooded hills, is one of seven acres.
Its top crop, Mr. Wing says, has been 920 bushels. The average is 420
bushels, which at about three bushels to the barrel is 20 barrels to the
acre.

Leon's father, who died in 1935,
for many years operated it as a
profitable venture, and Leon says
he has, himself, netted $4,000 a
season, although this does not in-
clude any valuation of his own
time. "We have had 700, 800 and
850 bushels time and time again",
he says.

"Wing Cranberries" so desig-
nated widely in Maine retail out-
lets, do have a reputation over
Maine and usually bring a prem-
ium price, even over "Cape Cods".
In some stores in Maine, cranberry
customers will not take any other
cranberries until the "Wing" ber-
ries are gone. Mr. Wing mostly
disposes of his crop to a commis-
sion house in Portland.

The Wing bog is chiefly set to
native Maine selections, planted by
Silas, who, incidentally, was re-
puted to have been an extremely
able fruit, as well as cranberry
grower, having the reputation of
the finest orchards in Franklin
County, producing apples, pears,
plums and grapes. These native
Maine cranberry vines are slender
— not as thick as those of Massa-
chusetts. The major part of the
bog is set to a vine bearing a
round berry which Mr. Wing knows
as the "Cherry". There are a few
of what he describes as "Bugles",

both of these being names similar
to those given to cranberries, be-
cause of their physical shape, by
the earlier growers of Cape Cod.
The Locally-Famous "Dills"

Then there is the pride of the
Wing bog, the "Dills". These are'
a large, round, and well-colored'
berry, the name coming from the
fact they were a selection fromi
wild vines developed by a mam
named Dill, a major in the Civllll
War. There is only a third of an
acre of Dills, but on that third-
acre, Mr. Wing says, there have
been gathered 140 bushels, which
would be in the proportion of
about 140 barrels to the acre.

Dr. Bergman included this bog
in his visit to Maine in 1931, and
his notes of that date describe the
"Dill" as "an early variety, with
large and very red fruit, which
colors early." He has considerable
regard for this fruit, as well as
the "Maine No. 25", and feels both
are varieties of possibilities. Oth-
er varieties which he found there
were the "Cherry", describing this
as a variety "later than the 'Dill',
fruits more nearly spherical and
somewhat broadened transversel>,
red with decided bloom, a good
bearer, and fruits keep well; a
white, pointed berry of same shape
and general appearance, except

that it never turns red, was mixed
in with this to some extent". The
"Cherry" was obtained from a Mr.
Masterson of Weld. Two other
varieties, "Bell" and "Bartlett",
were obtained from a bog at Peru,
Maine, although said to originally
have come from Cape Cod. There
is also a small patch of "Vose's
Pride", (Cape Cod). The "Cher-
ries" were sent to Bion Wing by
Dr. Franklin. Of the "Dill", Dr.
Bergman added it is a poor keep-
er, but is said to keep better than
Early Blacks.

The present Mr. Wing knows
little of the origin of these varie-
ties, except scraps of information
he had gathered from his father,
and nothing whatever of the his-
tory of Major Dill. "Agriculture
3f Maine", 1866-76, however, tells
Ithat "Dill's first name was Sew-
jard, and that a report on cranber-
ry cultivation had been requested,
and this early Maine cranberry
grower had prepared and possibly
presented this report.

At any rate, the report indicates
that Dill had begun cultivating
ranberries as early as 1851 at
Phillips, although not at Madrid
section — that he had first planted
on land not cleared, but that he
iid prepare a bog in approved
3ape Cod fashion in 1857. Among
;he vines he obtained for his first
alanting were cuttings from West
Bridgewater, Massachusetts. He
nad planted on muck 3 to 8 inches
deep, and had tried to kill out
hardback by flooding for two
.•ears, but without success. In the
1857 planting he had obtained
2Uttings from a William Fowle of
Strong (Maine) and a "basket"
from Wells, also Maine. Major
Dill had found the Strong vines
'small", those from Massachu-
setts "larger with runners", and
those from Wells "in between".

Although Dill did import vines
from Mass., the berry which was
given his name is believed to be a
local Maine selection.

The vines on the Wing bog to-
day, Mr. Wing believes, are prac-
tically all from these original
plantings, which speaks well for
the lasting quality of these natives
nd of this Maine situation as re-
lated to the growing of the Massa-
chusetts ijnportations,

Built "Cape Cod" Fashion

Silas Wing, in the main, built
his bog along "Cape Cod lines."
The location was originally heav-
ily wooded and he cleared this
swamp, drained it, dug ditches,
leveled the muck, and then spread
several inches of sand and set out
the vines. It has marginal ditch-
es.

Many subsequent sandings have
brought up the sand to a depth of
about a foot, this sand being over
very good peat, as revealed by a
boring with a soil auger. Dr.
Bergman, however, found the bog
not well drained. The bog seems
shallow and dikes are not high.

Although better drainage might
improve this Maine bog, its water
supply is something to marvel at.
The source is Toothacker Pond,
which is not visible from the Wing
property. Toothacker is a very
pretty, typical Maine lake, small,
but deep, and rimmed with birch
and evergreens. When a flood-
gate at the pond is opened, the
water, after going beneath a cul-
vert under a highway, makes a
rapid drop of 30 feet from pond to
bog, racing through a narrow val-
ley as a swirling brook and out
into the bog.

Frosts "No Problem"

With such a head and drop,
frost flowage is no problem at all
at the Wing bog. Mr. Wing de-
clares he can put on any frost
flood he wants in a matter of 45
minutes. Drainage from the bog
is also quick. As a matter of
fact, frosts, either spring or fall,
do not disturb Mr. Wing partic-
ularly, despite his location so far
to the north of the Massachusetts
cranberry areas.

In the spring. Wing holds the
water regularly until May 10th —
exactly. "Nothing starts until
Memorial Day", he says, "and af-
ter that I have to flow maybe two
or three times. Knowing when to
frost flow is 'a matter of using
your head.' With him, it must be
more or less that way. There are
no cranberry frost warnings avail-
able to him. "If the temperature
gets to 40 by about ten in the
evening and it 'looks like a frost',
I put the water on, or else sit up
and watch for a spell."

While he is seldom bothered
much he recalls when his father
put the water on fourteen times
one spring. In the fall he says it
may be necessary to flood two or
three times. In the spring he re-
floods two or three times as a
matter of good bog practice as he
has come to know it, putting the
water on at night and taking it off
in the morning. This, he says,
"takes care of any damage that
could be done by bugs or mice be-
fore blossom time."

Only Had Two "Bad" Frosts

In the 60 years of cranberry
growing at this Maine bog there
have been only two occasions when
frosts have done killing damage,
he says. One of these occurred
last summer on July 15th — the
period of the same frost which
broke July records for lateness in
Massachusetts. Until that night he
had estimated his crop at 300
bushels. The previous fall had
been a big crop for him, and he
was not anticipating so much in
1946. However, as the result of
that frost he did not pick a single
berry.

That night, he recalls, he felt
"between the devil and the deep
blue sea", as his vines were in full
blossom and he didn't dare to flow
and he didn't dare not to. He
chose not to flow, and apparently
"chose the devil", or at least made
the decision which was totally dis-
astrous. He also suspected later,
he may have injured his prospects
for this coming year, so heavy was
the damage he sustained that
night.

Harvesting at the Wing bog is
with the aid of six to eight neigh-
bors of the valley. The pickers
still use an old-fashioned box-like
scoop, or rake, like those used in
Massachusetts many, many years
ago, and which today are regarded
as "museum pieces" by the few who
still possess any. Only a few of
the older Cape growers have ever-
seen these rakes, which are con^
sidered to have been a develop-
ment of a rake used to gather wild
cranberries in Europe from wet
places. Wing uses these rakes,
which were sold by Joseph Breck's
of Boston, as a dry rake, or scoop.
The harvesters also use an odd-
shaped field box, long and narrow,

(^ontinu^d on fage 24)

Wisconsin's 1945 and 1946

Cranberry Crops

By HENRY F. BAIN

The 1945 Wisconsin cranberry
crop was the smallest in seven
years — 81,000 barrels on approx-
imately 2700 acres of bearing
vines, an average pi'oduction rate
of 30 barrels per acre. The 1946
crop was the largest of record,
145,000 barrels on an acreage that
for yield purposes may be fairly
taken as the present total figure
of 2800 (8)*, although some of the
newer plantings were still far
from being in full production. The
1946 yield accordingly was at an
average rate of approximately 52
barrels per acre. An attempt is
made here to analyze some of the
major factors that brought about
such divergent yields in the two
successive seasons.

1. Temperatures

When it is considered that Wis-
consin cranberry marshes are dis-
tributed over an area approximat-
ing that extending from the bogs
of New Jersey to those of Massa-
chusetts, it is plain that no single
location can be chosen to represent
local temperatures for the entire
area. The city of Marshfield was
selected from the stations reported
in the Wisconsin Section of the
United States Weather Bureau's
Climatological Date (19) chiefly
because it is situated in the center
of the state and is near the large
Wood County cranberry district.
Marshfield temperatures from
March through September, 1945
and 1946, are- shown in figure 1.
Daily mean temperatures were
averaged by 5-day periods, and
normal mean monthly temperatures
were plotted as heavy horizontal
lines. The curves were made dis-
continuous to facilitate separation
into monthly periods.

* References to Literature Cited
at end of article.

Temperature records were car-
ried back to include the month of
March because warm Marches have
been followed by low yields so of-
ten that some observers have come
to suspect that warm weather at
that period has a direct detriment-
al effect on the vines (4), (5); and

Eifbt

because, as will be discussed in de-
tail, they are likely to impel radi-
cal changes from normal methods
of handling water during April
and May, and excessive use of
water at those times can cause ex-
treme damage to the approaching
crop.

March temperatures in 1945 and
1946 were not only abnormally
high, but, as Figure 1 shows, were
remarkably similar. The daily de-
parture from normal at Marshfield
in 1945 was 9.9 degrees, while in
1946 it was 12.2 degrees.

In 1945, relatively warm tem-
peratures continued for the first
half of April, after which there
was a drop to cooler weather. In
1946 the order of warm and cool
halves of April was reversed, but
the average temperature each year
was normal or above (daily de-
parture from normal, 1945, plus
0.1 degrees; 1946, plus 3.6 degrees.)

May temperatures followed par-
allel trends both years, being be-
low normal except for the last 10
days each year. The daily depart-
ure from normal in 1945 was minus
4.8 degrees, in 1946, minus 2.0 de-
grees.

June temperature curves for the
two years again were almost par-
allel, but 1945 was colder than

1946. Daily departure from nor-
mal at Marshfield in 1945 was
minus 4.8 degrees — "the fifth cool-
est June during the past 55 years
and the coolest since 1928" (for
the state as a whole) (19); in 1946
the daily departure was -0.6 de-
grees.

In 1945 July temperatures were
below normal except for one 5-day
period — "the eighth coolest July
for 55 years" (19). Daily depart-
ure at Marshfield was -3.5 de-
grees. 1946 was near normal, hav-
ing a minus departure of 0.6 de-
grees.

"With an average temperature
of 68.3 degrees August (1945) was
the warmest month of the summer
and the first month since April
with above-normal temperature for
the State. However, temperatures
averaged below normal at nearly
one-fourth of the reporting sta-
tions." (19). The average at
Marshfield was 66.6 degrees, a de-
parture of plus 0.2 degrees for that
station. August 1946 had a minus
departure of 1.7 degrees.

The first 10 days of September,
1945, were considerably warmer
than normal, following which there
was an abrupt drop to the below-
normal trend that had character-
ized most of the summer. The ■
daily departure for the entire
month was -0.9 degrees. There was
a minus departure of 0.5 degrees
in 1946, mostly accumulated during
the last 10 days of the month.

Fig. 1. 1945 and 1946 temperatures at Marshfield, Wisconsin,
averaged by 5-day periods. Normal mean monthly ttinperatures shown
in heavy horizontal lines, •

In summary, the warm March of
1945 was followed by a growing
season (for cranberries, usually
from about the middle of May un-
til late September) that was con-
siderably colder than normal every
month except for the near-normal
month of August. The warm 1946
March was followed by a growing
season that while averaging some-
what below normal, lacked the ex-
tended excessively cold periods
that characterized most of 1945.

A better conception of the sever-
ity of the 1945 growing season may
be gained by comparing it with
extreme seasons in the Massachu-
setts cranberry region. Stevens
(15) gave the temperature summa-
tions (cumulative sums of daily
average temperatures in excess of
50 degrees) at East Wareham,
Mass., for the years 1912 to 1935
incl., the summations being grouped
by the periods May and June, July
and August, and September. Com-
parable figures for 1945 and 1946
at the Beaver Brook, Wis., coop-
erative cranberry observing station
of the United States Weather Bur-
eau, are given in table 1. Beaver
Brook summations were calculated
from upland shelter temperatures;
wild marsh daily minimums aver-
aged 4.2 degrees lower than those
in the shelter in 1945, and 4.7 de-
grees lower in 1946. The Beaver
Brook station represents the north-
ern-most cranberry district of the
state.

The minimum summation of ef-
fective temperatures necessary for
the maturation of a cranberry crop
is not known, but the limit was
definitely approached in Wisconsin
in 1945. Vines came into bloom al-
most three weeks later than nor-
mal and remained in bloom over
an unusually long period. "Full
bloom" was reached about July 20

in Wood County and July 25 in the
Spooner district. Blossoming per-
sisted until August 15th in some of
the northerly marshes. The con-
sensus of opinion among growers
was that berries would have failed
to mature except for the favorable
temperatures experienced in Aug-
ust and especially in early Septem-
ber. The harvest was delayed a
week or more on most marshes, and
berries were below normal in size,
thereby contributing in some de-
gree to the shortness of the crop.

Despite the coldness of the sea-
son, the quantity of bloom was not
sub-normal, nor was frost damage
excessive. The largest single fac-
tor leading to the short crop was
poor set of the bloom; evidence
will be presented indicating that
this was primarily due to water
injury during April and May.

That the short crop was not di-
rectly caused by warm weather in
March and was not entirely due to
the cold growing season was
proved by the fact that certain
marshes produced good crops. For
example, a 160-acre marsh near
Phillips had its largest crop of rec-
ord, yielding 13,200 barrels; a 41/2
acre marsh near Hayward produced
567 barrels; a 38-acre marsh near
Wisconsin Rapids had 2224 barrels;
an 18-acre marsh near City Point
had 1249 barrels. These four
marshes, comprising only 8% of
the state's acreage, produced 21%
of the total crop, or at a rate of
78 barrels per acre compared to
the state's average of 30 barrels
per acre.

In contrast to 1945, temperatures
during the 1946 growing season
were generally favorable. Peak of
bloom in Wood County was reached
the first few days in July, and in
the Spooner district near the mid-
dle of July. Frost loss was again

TABLE 1

TEMPERATURE SUMMATIONS ABOVE 50 DEGREES, BEAVER

BROOK, WIS., 1945 AND 1946, AND EXTREMES AT EAST

WAREHAM, MASS., 1912-1935

Location

May & June

July & Aug.

September

Total for
growing season

Beaver Brook. 1945

326

908

238

1472

Beaver Brook, 1946

498

970

237

1705

East Wareham : coldest
unit-periods in 24 years

400 (1926)

973 (1923)

246 (1917)

1619*

East Wareham, coldest
summer in 24 yrs. (1926)

400

1072

275

1747

East Wareham, warmest
summer in 24 yrs. (19.31)

654

1292

464

2400

♦ Sum of coldest unit-periods.

negligible. Bloom over the state
was heavier than normal and the
set was definitely superior to that
of 1945. With a few exceptions,
water injury was unimportant.
Berries were again somewhat
smaller than normal. The warm
March weather had no discernible
effect on the crop.

2. Water Injury

While winter flooding practices
are by no means uniform, the rec-
ent trend in Wisconsin has been
in the direction of shortening the
winter submergence period. In-
creasing numbers of growers time
the application of the flood to co-
incide with a cold wave that holds
promise of freezing the flood with-
in one week's time or less, which
normally comes about Dec. 15 or
later. Some who follow this prac-
tice make frequent oxygen content
tests of water, and drain the
marshes before the floods are com-
pletely frozen if oxygen drops
dangerously low. Other growers
apply the winter flood a few inches
at a time, allowing successive ap-
plications to freeze before more
water is added. As a rule, winter
weather advances so rapidly that
even when the flood is applied ear-
lier than in the above methods,
vines stand in water a matter of
days rather than of weeks before
freezing is complete. Frost usual-
ly penetrates an additional foot or
more into the soil under the ice
during the winter.

Bergman (2) reported that in
Massachusetts the oxygen-content
of water under ice or snow-on-ice
often drops with great rapidity,
and Lewis and Stevens (13, 14)
found similar results in Wisconsin.
While records are few and indefi-
nite, it seems safe to hazard the
opinion that Wisconsin marshes
frequently suffer some oxygen-
deficiency injury while the winter
flood is freezing.

The writer has seen no evidence
that injury of this type occurs
while the vines are fi'ozen in ice.
Blossom counts in 1944 (1) failed
to demonstrate injurious results
from sanding on the ice.

Vines stand in water again in
the spring when the winter flood
melts, the length of submergence
depending on the practice followed
in removing the flood. Some grow-

Nina

ers allow most of the water to run
off as it melts, then raise the flood
high enough to prevent spring kill-
ing of vines while the upper three
inches or so of soil frost are melt-
ing, after which the flood is re-
moved permanently. Others hold
the flood well over the vines until
both ice and the requisite depth of
frost have melted. Still others
hold a full head of water until ice
and all frost have disappeared, and
even longer if cold weather per-
sists.

Some marshes are later given a
"spring reflow", usually lasting
about 10 days, just before vine
growth is expected to start. On
the average, the spring reflow is
applied about May 1 in the Wood
County district, and May 10 in the
Spooner district. Lewis (13) point-
ed out that it is possible for water
injury to occur during the spring
reflow. In general, however, grow-
ers have not feared water injury
at either of the above two periods.

The greatest amount of water
injury has usually followed win-
ters of heavy snowfall, and there
seems little doubt that it has taken
place while the vines stood in wat-
er under snow-covered ice. The
1941 crop, for example, was the
last previous to 1945 that dropped
below 100,000 barrels, and it fol-
lowed "a comparatively mild win-
ter with a lot of snow" (9). Vines
were thought in March to have
"apparently come through the win-
ter in good shape" (9), but in June
it was reported that "There has
been some leaf drop in that state"
(10). Some growers did not flood
during the winter months, depend-
ing on the snow cover for protec-
tion. (Fruit bud counts given lat-
er indicate that budding for the
1941 crop was also below normal).

The abnormally warm weather of
March and early April 1945 intro-
duced problems with which experi-
ence was lacking. Ice and frost
completely disappeared shortly af-
ter the middle of March. Some
young vines in the central part of
the state made visible growth by
the middle of April and many
growers feared that finiit buds in
older vines might have developed
enough to become susceptible to
freezing. Rather than risk the
known dangers of frost injury.

Ten

these gt-owers replaced the winter
flood in April, some holding it for
30 days or longer. Others with
ample water supplies covered the
vines only during actual freezing
weather. (Marshfield, at a higher
elevation and probably having
minimum temperatures several de-
grees above those of the Wood
County marshes, had 20 April and
6 May nights with temperatures
32 degrees or lower). In a few
instances, growers reasoned that
the vines were less likely to start
growing under water during warm
weather and retained the winter
flood until the middle of April or
later. A few growers in the cen-
tral part of the state and most of
those farther north followed the
usual routine and did not protect
against April and early May frosts
after removing the flood in March
or early April.

Subsequent vine behavior corre-
lated closely with the way the
water was handled. In the central
part of the state, vines which were
drained early and not protected
before the middle of May bloomed
distinctly later than those handled
by other methods, and yields were
materially reduced by small size
of berries. The best crops in this
area were obtained on the marshes
that were flooded intermittently
and briefly through April and May.
Crops were equally poor on marsh-
es kept flooded through March and
April, and on those reflowed for
long periods in April and May.
On the average, the northern
marshes produced the best crops,
although, as noted, bloom was late
and berries were small. As the
result of 1945 experience, long sub-
mergences were generally avoided
during the similar 1946 weather.

Most of the types of water in-
jury described by Bergman (2)
were present in profusion in 1945.
Fruit buds dissected before growth
started exhibited varying degrees
of injury — entire buds killed, apex-
es of buds killed, but lateral flow-
er initials uninjured (these later
develop into "umbrellas'" or "bald-
heads", producing flowers, but not
the central uprights), or one or
more individual flower initials
killed without the stem apex being-
affected. Fruit buds of the latter
type give rise to the condition

called "bud absorption" in Wiscon-
sin; as growth proceeds, the in-
jured flowers either fail to grow
at all, or the flower stalks bearing
dead flower buds at their tips grow
a short distance from the upright
and then die and dry up. In addi-
tion to the above types of injury,
there was definite failure of flow-
ers to set properly.

One of the commonest early in-
dications of water injury was not-
ed soon after terminal growth
started. Injured vines, most fre-
quently located in slight depres-
sions in beds or on lower ends of
sections, remained dormant and
dark in color, while surrounding
uninjured vines were covered with
reddish-green new growth. Un-
even starting of this type appears
almost certain to indicate water
injury. Vines in the injured areas
started growing later in the sea-
son, and if the injury was not too
severe some of the fruit buds suc-
ceeded in blooming and setting
berries that were immature at har-
vest time.

The greatest amount of injury
seen in 1945 was of the milder
types; there was relatively little
bud killing, but some killing of in-
dividual flowers, a great deal of
delayed blooming, and, above all,-
long-spread-out appearance of
flowers that simply failed to set.

Observations on two marshes
gave an insight into the parts
played by water injury and certain
other factors. On one, the 73-acre
Biron marsh near Wisconsin Rap-
ids that had occasionally been dam-
aged by water in previous years,
the 1945 winter flood was held un-
til May 15, while in 1946 the flood
was withdrawn March 29 and not
raised again. On the other, the
160-acre Cranberry Lake marsh
near Phillips that had not had a
history of water injury, although
the winter flood is regularly held
later than on the average marsh,
the 1945 flood was withdrawn April
24, after having been lowered once
or twice during the warm weather;
the 1946 flood was held continuous-
ly until April 15. The Biron marsh
suffered severe water damage in
1945 and moderate amounts on
some sections in 1946. The Cran-
berry Lake marsh was practically
uninjured in 1945, but was one of

I

1941

/S4£

/ffi>3

/944

/94S

19^6

/S-fT

Fig. 2. Annual Bud Set and Production at Badger and Midwest
marshes, 1941-1946.

the few in the state extensively
damaged in 1946. 205 random
fruit buds collected on the latter
marsh on May 31, from two sec-
tions that later proved to have less
than the average amount of injury,
were dissected and examined for
injury with the following results;
buds dead, 12 (5'/J); buds with one
or more flower initials dead, 75
(35Tf ); buds apparently uninjured,
120 (580-,).

1945 bloom was judged to have
been about equally heavy on the
two marshes, i. e., the injury at
Biron did not greatly reduce the
numbers of flowers. Differences in
set, however, resulted in widely
different yields: 29.2 barrels per
acre at Biron, 83.7 barrels at Cran-
berry Lake. The 1946 injury at
Cranberry Lake reduced both the
numbers of uprights that bloomed
and the numbers of blossoms per
upright; and as the blossoming
season extended over a long per-
iod, the numbers of flowers in
bloom at any given time were un-
believably small. The percentage
set was phenomenally high, how-
ever, a circumstance that will be
discussed later, and resulted in a
yield of 38.4 barrels per acre; the
Biron marsh yielded 81.4 barrels
per acre.

Fruit set counts on the 2 marsh-
es, made by the method described
elsewhere (1), are given in table
2. The sample counts brought out
the differences in type of injury
with great clarity.

That the widespread failure in
set in 1945 was the direct result
of water injury was evident from
three facts: 1. It occurred on
marshes which were flooded for
long periods in April and May,
but was absent on nearby marshes
which were not subjected to long

floods. 2. Unmistakable forms of
water injury occurred locally
throughout marshes that failed to
set properly. 3. Similar failure to
set was experienced on 2 marshes
where oxygen-tests were run, in
locations where oxygen content
dropped too low before water was
removed.

(Continued next month)

Literature Cited

(1) Bain, H. F. Blooming and
fruiting habits of the cran-
berry in Wisconsin. Cran-
berries 10, No. 9:11 ,14. Jan.
1946.

(2) Bergman, H. F. In Mass.
Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 402. Apr.
1943.

(4) Franklin, H. J. In Present
prospects not for above nor-
mal crop. Cranberries 10, No.
12, p. 4. Apr. 1946.

(5) Franklin, H. J. and Stevens,
N. E. Weather and Water as
factors in cranberry produc-
tion. Mass. Agr. Exp. Sta.
Bui. 433. June 1946.

(8) Goldsworthy, V. and Bain, H.
P. In Fresh from the Fields,
Wisconsin., Cranberries 10
No. 11, p. 5. March 1946.

(9) Hall, C. J. Fresh from the
fields, Wisconsin. Cranber-
ries 5, No. 11, p. 3. March
1941.

(10) Hall, C. J. Fresh from the
fields, Wisconsin. Cranber-
ries 6, No. 2, p. 3. June 1946.

(13) Lewis, C. H. A study of oxy-
gen deficiency in winter flood-
ing water at Beaver Brook.
Ann. Rpt. Wis. State Cranb.
Grow. Assoc. 57th Ann. Meet.
Dec. 8, 1943.

(14) Lewis, C. H. and Stevens, N.
E, Winter oxygen content

and biochemical oxygen de-
mand in a Wisconsin artificial
lake. Trans. Wis. Acad. Sci.
Arts and Let. 36:389-394.
1944.

(15) Stevens, N. E. In Weather in
cranberry culture. Mass. Agr.
Exp. Sta. Bui. 402, p. 73. Apr.
1943.

(19) Thompson, H.J. Climatolog-
ical Data, Wisconsin Section.
U. S. Dept. Commerce, Wea-
ther Bur. 50, Nos. 3-9, 1945:
51, Nos. 3-9, 1946.

Ace Directors
In Wisconsin

Directors of the American Cran-
berry Exchange were to meet at
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin, this
year, August 7th. This is the us-
ual pre-harvest meeting, held in
Massachusetts last year.

Directors gathered in New York,
August 5th, and, with the exception
of two, took the train to Wisconsin
in a group. The two attending
otherwise were Homer L. Gibbs of
West Wareham and George R.
Briggs of Plymouth, who flew to
Milwaukee, reaching the Rapids
from there.

NCA COMMITTEE
MEETS IN WEST

The West Coast Advisory Com-
mittee of NCA held a meeting at
Bandon, Oregon, July 20, to sum-
marize the season's activities to
that date and to plan for the rest
of the year. An output increase
to 150 barrels per day is to be ex-
pected at the NCA cannery at
Coquille. Completion of a cold
storage unit to hold berries at the
plant for later canning is expected
this year and a unit for freezing
cranberries for the frozen food
market is planned for installation
next year, it is understood.

Cranberry Bogs
Bought and Sold

on Cape Cod

ROBERT R. LARKIN
Realtor

West Harwich, Mass.

Tel. Har. B09-W

^^^v^^^"

Eleven

(^ditMals

ISSUE OF AUGUST, 1947
Vol. 12 No. 4

ADVERTISING CRANBERRIES

IF it may be assumed that the industry is
coming into a period of expanding pro-
duction, and this does seem to be the pros-
pect, then it becomes obvious that a larger
"selling job" must be done. By this is
meant no criticism of present agencies and
methods, but simply that with more cran-
berries to sell each year more selling must
be done. More people must be induced to
eat more cranberries more often — markets
and demand must be intensified and broad-
ened if the grower is to continue to get
good returns.

The advertising of cranberries may be
becoming an industry-wide job for the in-
dustry to take over as a whole under some
plan or other. Individual units are doing
fine jobs of advertising "brand" cranber-
ries and this should not be lessened. But
shouldn't this be added to in a program of
industry-wide advertising of cranberries,
just as cranberries?

C. M. Chaney has already made a sug-
gestion along this line with his proposal
for a "Cranberry Institute" which would
advertise cranberries, without mentioning
any trade name or brand. This has been
discussed by others to some extent — meth-
ods as to how cranberries can be more ex-
tensively and intensively advertised and all
growers paying their proportion of the
costs. One way it could be done could be
through the regional associations.

With increasing cranberry crops, and
undoubtedly keener competition ahead for
cranberries there must be an intensified
effort to make general consumers more
aware of cranberries and to buy more
cranberries. This advertising, perhaps on
a barrel basis by the growers, could be
done through regional associations. In
this day and age adequate advertising is
important, and above the splendid "brand"
advertising being done now, the pushing
of cranberries on an industry-wide basis,
could add weight to make people more
"cranberry conscious."

DOWN In Jersey there has been a "skee-
ter-meter" set up at Burlington to re-
liably estimate the efficiency of mosquito
control. This machine, it is reported, is to
measure the number of 'skeeters. not by

Xwelyc

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM. M A.'ASACHUSETTS

Subscription $3.00 per year
Arfvertiaine rates nnon anpHration

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS

Wisconsin

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington-Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY

Cranberry Specialist

Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK

Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station

East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station,

Pemberton, New Jersey

the number of bites suffered by Mr. and
Mrs. John Q. Public, but by the nightly
catch of the insects. The nightly catch
was from 5 to 9 in a 12-hour period. A 12-
hour "bag" of more than 42 was held to
mean the pests were too numerous. Rural
life is certainly becoming more and more
scientific.

WE were rather surprised to be in-
formed recently that the word "Nat-
ional" in our title of "Cranberries, the
National Cranberry Magazine", has led j1
some to the belief there is an affiliation
with National Cranberry Association.
There is none, the word "National" has
been used in the title since the magazine
was first published in 1936,

|i

Pictorial Section

Upper — Shows lake at Madrid Junction, a typical Maine like, at point from which the Wing bog is flooded.

(Cranberries Phoio)

Lower — Wing bog in September, 1917, late Bion Wing (left) and Dr. Neil E. Stevens, (back to camera), using the

local longhandled scoop. (Photo courtesy Bureau of Plant Industry, U. S. Department of Agriculture)

Thirteen

Fourteen

New Jersey vine settincr machines. Photos 1 and 2. (See Next Paeel
(Photos by Wm. E. Tomlinson. Jr.l

Fifteen

Jersey Growers
Experimenting with
Vine Setters

Much interest has developed in
New Jersey in mechanical "vine
planters." Several growers worked
on designs of their own during the
winter, and these were placed in
operation, apparently with satis-
factory results, this spring. "Plant-
ing Vines by Mechanical Methods"
was the subject of a discussion by
a five-man panel at the annual
convention of the American Cran-
berry Growers' Association at the
bogs of Clayberger & Goodrich,
near Atsion last August.

Those taking part were J. Rog-
ers Brick, Medford; Isaiah Haines,
Whitesbog; Theodore H. Budd, Sr.,
Pemberton; J. Sterling Otis, Tuck-
erton; and a paper by H. B. Scam-
mell was read. All of the devices
are of the disc harrow type and
one of the most ingenious was made
at Jos. J. White, Inc., by replacing
the bulldozer blade of a small
track-laying tractor with the har-
row, making use of the lift for ad-
justing the depth of planting.

Describing the Whitesbog ma-
chine Haines said:

"For motive power we have a
crawling tractor with 18 inch
track. We desgned a straight, or
perfectly flat disc of % inch ma-
terial. The edge of the disc wa*;
blunt, simply left as it was cut.
These discs were mounted on a
home-made axle with wooden spac-
ers, holding them si.x in hes apart.
The assembly was mounted on a
hydraulic lift.

"After scattering the cuttings
on the prepared bog, we pushel
them in to a depth of about 6
inches with the discs. The cater-
pillar tracks following pressed the
soil firmly in two bands. Then,
without turning the tractor, we re-
turned to the starting point and
pressed down the soil in anothei
pair of strips, completing the job
and bringing us into position to
start another round.

Photographs 1 and 2 show a
similar machine in operation at
Sim Place, Penn Producing Com-
pany, this being an exact duplicate
of the Whitesbog machine except
for the windshield which Isaac

.,-»*

It^-Vi

'■X

PhotoKraphs 4 and .5 of Hrick vine setter.

(Photos bv Wm. E. Tomlinson. Jr.)

Sixteen

Harrison added to keep the vines
from rolling up into a ball on a
windy day.

Mr. Brick, in describing his ma-
chine (photos 4 and 5, asserted he
was not recommending the practice
to others, although for himself it
had worked out very well. He
said:

"After all stumps are removed
and the ditches prepared and level-
ing done, the area is worked vv'ith
a double disc farm harrow. This
discing is done through the sum-
mer in order to kill weeds, grass,
etc., and the soil is prepared by
this harrow until it is in about the
condition that we like it on the
farm for planting corn.

"The bog is drained and aried
off as early in the spring as pos-
sible and disced again in prepar-
ation for planting. When we are
ready to plant, with the vines in
a central location, we proceed as
follows: The vines are cut in
about 6-inch lengths and placed
in baskets for the men to spread
evenly over the ground. These
men, with baskets of vines, will
start on one side of the bog and
spread the vines over the ground,
using about 10 barrels per acre.
As soon as a strip is covered with
vines the harrow, with a land roller
hitched behind it, is drawn over
the area covered with vines and
the discs push the vines into th
ground and cover them and the
roller has a tendency to help fas-
ten them. The discs are used with
very little set."

Mr. Brick added that the success
of this method depends on timing
the operation when the soil is in
right condition for the harrow, as
if it is too wet or heavy the vines
will not be covered. At the end
of the day it is very essential the
bog be flooded to firm the soil and
uncover the tips of many cuttings
that would otherwise be buried in
soil. This means that any area
not planted cannot be worked again
until dry. "We try to get enough
help so that the entire bog can be
planted in one day and have been
able to plant ten acres with ten
men in one day."

Save This

Magazine for

Future Reference

Photo taken at the home of J. K. Baker at bog, this bog being one of about five
acres, but one of the largest in an area which produces from 150 to 250 and 300 bbls.
per acre. Rear row, left to right: A. B. Woodworth. director Coos Co-op: C. M.
Chaney, Mrs. Baker, Ray W. Bates, president Coos Co-op; R. P. Russell, Exchange
brcker, R. P. Russell, Inc., Seattle, Wash.: in front, Lester Haines, Fred Spada, Spada
Distributing Co., Portland, Ore.; Elmer Gant, secretary Coos Co-op.

ACE officials
In Oregon

During the latter part of June
C. M. Chaney, ACE general man-
ager, and Lester W. Haines, recent-
ly promoted to assistant sales
manager, visited the Bandon area

of Southern Oregon. The "East-
erners" enjoyed the trip to the
Coast greatly, and said the mem-
bers of the Coos Co-op seemed very
much pleased to be a part ofACE.
Chaney estimated that the produc-
tion of the Coos members would
increase from three to five times
within the next five years.

Colley

Cranberry

Company

Plymouth, Mass.

Office
17 Court Street

Telephone
Plymouth 1622

Seventeen

This picture shows part of the "ilotilla" of 1 1 Sempos float boats which
will be used on Massachusetts bogs this fall to recover the otherwise lost
"bottom" berries. The boats, which have been improved over last year's mod-
els, are shown in back of the Sempos Products Company on Dick's Pond, Ea.-;t
Wareham, where they are manufactured. It is expected more than 5,000 acres
of bopfs will be "float boated" by Sempos this year. Boats will be on exhi-
bition at the New Jersey Growei's' meeting and probably Cape Cod Growers
this month. ( Photo by Paul Eldredge)

Four Weeks To Picking —

Screenhouse Equipment will be needed.

Then-
Equipment needed for Fall:
Pumps Sanding Wheelbarrows

Bog Tools

HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO.

E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS.

Eighteen

Coos Bay, Oregon

July 1947

Western Pickers Inc. Conducts a
Question and Answer Column

What is the rental cost per bar-
rel for the machine?

The charge per barrel will be
announced when the machines are
released and will include all cost
of supervision and mechanics, but
not the cost of operator and box
handling- crew, which the grower
will supply.

Why a royalty charge instead of
an outright sale of the machines?

(1) Most growers are still
skeptical that such a machine ex-
ists and would rather wait to see
it demonstrated.

(2) Most new machines are
rapidly improved after first use,
and Western Pickers, Inc. wants a
thorough test of machines under
its own supervision.

(3) The small grower fares the
same as the large grower in pick-
ing costs.

Does it harm the vines?

We expect less damage to the
bog, vines, and berries than by any
other method of picking, and ob-
servation indicates that the aver-
age yearly production gradually in-
creases.
What time of day is picking done?

The best time, of course, is when
the vines ai'e dry in the daytime,
but with slight alteration it will
pick in water or in the middle of
the night.

How about untrained vines?

The first time over, of course, is
the hardest. Cowlicks, whorls,
tufts, and flattened out places must
all be straightened out and placed
in position, in addition to picking
the berries.

How clean does it pick?

It picks all the berries above the
low point of its teeth. It could
pick berries off the ground, but it
is hardly advisable because it
might damage the ground runners.

How fast does it pick?

For estimating purposes, one
acre a day has been set as its ca-
pacity.

What is the long-time effect on
the grower?

It should result in better kept
bogs because of less picking time
and less worry during hai-vest
time.

Can all growers have a ma-
chine?

We will have only twenty-five
machines this year, which is only a
fraction of what is needed. Grow-
ers should apply to the National
Cranberry Association which will
allocate the machines, giving as
many growers as possible time and
opportunity to use the machines.

Naturally, members of National
Cranberry Association will have
preference in scheduling the ma-
chines. (Advt.)

Air Dusting-
Continued in
Mass. Through July

Insect control from the air in
Massachusetts continued on the
large scale all through July,
weather permitting. Rainy weath-
er did interfere somewhat and min-
or difficulties continued to develop
in the 'copter program, particularly
mainly hopper, gate, and some me-
chanical troubles. There were also
long delays in the 100-hour check-
ups of the machines. There were
no more accidents, however, and
the assurance grew that air con-
ti'ol of insects will be the main re-
liance in the future, there being a
strong leaning to preference of the
'copter by a great many, but others
still feeling small, fixed-wing
planes do a satisfactory job at
much lower cost.

On August 1, acreage dusted by
the NCA machines totalled 6,279,
and of upland 244, for 247 ac-
counts. 235,355 lbs. of dust had
been used and 771 gals, of spray.
Average acreage per hour was 18.
This included the time of fiying to
and from the loading bases to the
bogs. This factor consumed con-
siderable time, as many of the bogs
of NCA members are small. The
fact is that 74 per cent of NCA
membership is made up of growers
who operate 10 acres and less.

The NE Sales 'copter, operating
from the Plymouth airport in Car-
ver, had done approximately 2,000
acres in all by the end of the
month. Two operators were avail-
able to work this ship in turns, one
a test pilot from the Bell Aircraft
company. In addition to the 'cop-
ter service NE had furnished
straight-wing service and more
ground dusting than ever before.

Makepeace company, which has
led in straight-wing work, had put
on approximately 140,000 pounds
of material by the end of July.
This would be approximately 2800
acres, based on about 50 pounds
to the acre.

Crop Duster, Inc. of New Bed-
ford also continued work for indi-
vidual growers up to practically
the end of the month.

Some of this work was, of
course, "repeat" coverage of the
same acreage for one reason and
another, including different in-
sects.

JARI POWER SCYTHE

Cuts weeds, grass, brush
Write for details

CALCO
Rainmaker

Portable Steel Pipe

Milorganite

Organic 6% Nitrogen Fertilizer

BETUR miGAllOU

With

LESS

muR

A Model For
Every Pressure

For Farm, OrcRSrd or Truck Garden. Easily
and quickly nw.Mnled on any irrigation pipe.
Heavy duly bratt and bronie construction
for long terv^ Sand and dirt proof. Wa>
ter lubricatedSearlngs— no oil or grease re-
quired. No fast moving parts to rapidly
wear out. McgAnum coverage— even distri-
bution.

J BUCKNER MANUFACTURING CO.fi
161S Blackstone Ave., Fresno, California

BUCRNER SPRINKLERS

::i^^iMl

CO.

1121 WASHINGTON STREET
WEST HEWTON C5, MASS.

Air Fertilizing-
Tests Conducted

An experiment in spreading fer-
tilizer by Piper Cub was made at
the Pierceville bog of the A. D.
Makepeace Company July 25th,
with apparently successful results
and at least proving that this prac-
tice is feasible. Results were
checked by Dr. F. B. Chandler, as-
sisted by George Rounsville of the
Experiment Station.

This practice provides another
use for aircraft in cranberry grow-
ing.

The bog on which the demon-
stration was held had a few days
previously been drained from a
late holding for root grub. Rus-
sell Makepeace had marked off four
acres in four one-acre plots. The
first two were tested for the rate
of application, on one a fertilizer
of 13-30-0 being used and on the
other a 5-10-10 mixture. The ship,
piloted by Freddie Braun, carried
100 pounds of fertilizer, loading at
the Cape & Vineyard Airport on
Route 28, Wareham.

A new type hopper was used,
said to be developed along the
lines of a "seed pan" for seeding
from the air. This was later used
for dusting with excellent results.

As fertilizer is heavier than
dust, the plane can be flown in
more wind and after the dew has
gone from the vines. The spread-

FOR SALE

To any person engaged in the

production of agricultural

products

122 shares Common Capital
Stock of Cranberry Canners, Inc.

EDWARD CRABBE

P. O. Box 271

Toms River, New Jersey

.(iLUrKUllUIIUIII ^

Prevents Rotahii'kmM,

^ Saves Costly Repairs
and Renewals

WHERE

THERE IS CUPROLICNUM

THERE IS NO ROT

PROTECTS CANVAS, NETS, ROPES AND WOOD

Protect Your Flumes and Gates

New England Representative

ROBERT S. CHASE

195 Marlboro Street

Boston 16, Mass.

Twenty

TRUCK
SERVICE

H. A. SUDDARD

Your FORD Dealer

Route 28 Wareham, Mass.

ing was done from a height of ap-
proximately 20 feet above the vines.

A comparative test with a ferti-
lizer was held at the bog of R. M.
Andrews, Carver, August 4th, with
results which were considered ex-
cellent. A large group, including
Dr. Franklin and H. P. Bain of
Wisconsin, witnessed this demon-
stration.

Fresh from the Fields

(Continued from Page 5)

and consequently interfered to
some extent with the blueberry
harvest. Though the loss may not
have been great, there was some
loss.

Temperature
July has been cooler than nor-
mal, with only two days in the

roUing '

, oof

business.^ Gen-

"■•"V'etodUUcUserv-ce.
genuine »^*" ^^^^^

New TRUCKS . USED TRUCKS

Attention
Cranberry
Growers ! !

We have

Drain Pipe

Large Sized Terra Cotta
Makes a Permanent Installation

RALPH W. ELLIOT

Sandwich Rd., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 794

Mail Address: Buzzards Bay, RFD

Plumbing and Heating Service

IRRIGATION

for Cranberries

and
All Other Purposes

SKINNER SYSTEM
of IRRIGATION

Brookline, Mass.

Established 30 years

The

SEMPOS FLOAT BOAT

(Patent app. for)

MR. CRANBERRY-GROWER:

You want a maximum return for your 1947 crop.

You can't get a maximum return without full recovery of your
floats.

You can't get a full recovery of your floats without a SEMPOS
FLOAT BOAT.

The SEMPOS FLOAT BOAT approximately doubles recovery of
floats; cleans the bog while it works; will NOT injure bog or
vines.

The SEMPOS FLOAT BOAT is jet-propelled, uses jet agitation,
and carries the operator.

Inquire about our Lease Arrangement that means Increased

Profits for You

Sempos Products Company

MANUFACTURERS AND FLOAT CONTRACTORS
Box 36 Tel. Wareham 1030 East Wareham, Mass.

Twenty-one

90s. The average daily mean tem-
perature at Pemberton was 73.7
degrees, 2.3 degrees below normal.
Crop Prospects

There have been a number of
very encouraging reports from
growers on this year's cranberry
prospects. Last year's production
probably won't be beaten, but it
appears there will be no repetition
of the 1943, 1944 and 1945 lean
years.

With the peak of the blueberry
harvest over, that crop is expected
to approximate quite closely the
record crop of 1946.

Insects and Diseases

The cranberry fruit worm has
appeared in more numbers than
usual on some early drawn and
dry bogs. The false yellow-headed
fireworm or Sparganothis fruit
worm has been noted on several
properties in varying amounts.
The yellowheaded fireworm has
been troublesome on several bogs
this season where control was not
applied for the first generation.

WISCONSIN

July Frosts

As July was ending Wisconsin
was still a week to ten days late
insofar as the growing season was
concerned. On the night of July
21 there was a fairly heavy frost

STOPf

GUESSING •

CONTROL
IRRIGATION

WITH A

LARKm^?sUTENSIOMETER

A soil moisture indicator
that continuously indicates
the condition of soil water.

INCREASE PROFITS WITH
CONTROLLED IRRIGATIONS

^BETTER QUALITY
HEAVIER YIELDS

I I Tf.\J\

XlRftlCATlO'A

\LARK\ send for DESCRrPTIVE
XlouipmikA folder -

IRRIGATION ENGINEERING CO.

RIVERSIDE CALIFORNIA

Post Off ice-'Box 37 1

with temperatures reading from
28 to 32. Most mai-shes had to
flood that night. Very little dam-
age was suffered by the growers.
On the previous evening, Sunday,
July 20, there were some cold spots
on the border-line of flooding and
a few marshes ran some water.
Insects
Second brood fireworm at July
end was just starting to hatch, but
it did not look as though there
would be a serious infestation.
Fruitworm has shown some ten-
dency to work in the berries, but
likewise there was no serious
threat. There was considerable
activity in the control of leafhop-

per. DDT seems to be the favored
insecticide, with considerable cry-
olite and pyrethinam being used al-
so.

"Average Crop"

C. D. Hammond, Jr., general
manager Wisconsin Cranberry
Sales Company, was saying of the
crop as the month ended, "at the
present time the set-up here in
Wisconsin looks fairly good and
the crop will be average or a little
above average if nothing adverse j
happens during the rest of the
growing season."

New Plantings

Of the between 400 and 500 acres
planted in Wisconsin this year, i

Rain When You Want It
RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS

For Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation

Rain Bird Sprinkling systems do the job you want
them to do, when you want it. All working parts are
accessible and fool proof. Oscillator arm breaks up
stream to give maximum benefit.

Consult Rain Bird engineering department for advice
on your irrigation problems.

For complete information on Rain Bird Sprinkling
Systems, write,
For the East and Midwest

On the Pacific Coast

L. R. NELSON MFG. CO.
Peoria, Illinois

JOSEPH BRECK & SONS
85 State Street
Boston, Mass.

IRRIGATION DIVISION

VEGACRE FARM

Forestdale (Cape Cod) Mass

R. M. WADE and CO.
Portland, Oregon

« * •

OREGON CULVERT CO.
Portland, Oregon

RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CO.

GLENDORA, CALIF.

Twenty-two

Vernon Goldswoithy planted a lit-
tle more than 50 acres at his new
northern development, which was
by far the largest planting in the
state. "Goldy" is now getting
ready for planting next year and
with what he will put in for him-
self and acreage of which he has
charge he expected to plant 75
acres in the spring of '48.

"Guessmate" by Goldsworthy
In mid-July, Goldsworthy, who
every year does not hesitate to
put forth an early estimate, of the
1948 crop says: "If I was to guess
at the crop now, I would guess it
from 110,000 to 120,000 barrels.
The new acreage which is coming
in now is beginning to mean quite
a lot."

WASHINGTON

Slightly Bigger Crop

At the end of July D. J. Crowley
was saying the "crop still looks
slightly better than last year."
There was a lot of rain during
July, and this is so unusual that
Crowley never before experienced

that in the 25 years he has been
at the Washington station. There
was little need for the use of
sprinklers. Insects were remark-
ably scarce, he reports, also.

Bog activities continue heavy;
several growers are clearing small
acreages with a clam shovel, gas-
oline powered. Among those so
engaged are Newkirk and Chabot,
Joe Alexson and Leomoin Mc-
Arthur. Morgan, Row and Gorman
are using a donkey engine and
bulldozer in clearing their acreage.

Annual field day of the Wash-
ington growers was to be held
August 8 at Long Beach Experi-
ment Station and this was to be
followed the next day by a tour to
the Grayland district.

•CRANBERRIES'
ADVERTISING
PAYS BIG
DIVIDENDS!

Reasonable Rates
on Request

NEW

Continental Power Units

(Gov't Surplus)
10 H. P.

Model Y-69
1200 R. D. M.

Complete with starter, generator, clutch, pulley for V-belts, gas
tank, etc. Many equipped for automatic starting, ideal for bog
drainage and pumping.

Priced greatly below list.

CEO. R. BRICCS

37 Court Street
Plymouth, Mass.

Tel. Ply. 123

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

BOG MANAGEMENT

17 Court St.
Plymouth, Mass.

7 >J ^'Va '®> /

~-^,^ ■^■J'Jo . / "''•'»= Plymouth 1622

^^^/«

©J

Kingston 319

If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will

pay you to see us.

A number of properties available, more wanted.

IRRIGATION

EQUIPMENT
and SUPPLIES

MANUFACTURER'S

DISTRIBUTOR

OF

FLEXO-SEAL

Pressure tight — Lightweight
PORTABLE PIPE

8"x20' lengths $27.50

6"x20' lengths 20.46

4"x20' lengths 16.40

3"x20' lengths 11.3S

•

SPRINKLER HEADS

SUCTION HOSE

DISCHARGE FITTINGS

ENGINE
PUMPING UNITS

^—

^^^~

^^

We have available

a

large

quantity of

o

c.

D

Chrys

ler Pumping

Units

Skids,

Trailers, Front Mounts 1

Giant Portable Heads

for

Vegetables

Potatoes — Field Crops

Cranberries

Through experience gamed in act-
ual operation of many miles of Flex-
O-Seal Pipe and all types of rotary
Sprinkler Heads on our own Cape Cod
Farm and from experience in setting
up installations on most of the large
rotarv sprinkler type irrigation sys-
tems in New England on tobacco, po-
tato, vegetable and cranberry layouts,
we feel qualified to engineer your ir-
rigation requiremnts.

Visitors Invited to

Irrigation Division

VEG-ACRE-FARM

Forestdale (Cape Cod) Mass.
Phone Osterville 719

LITERATURE - PRICES

LAYOUTS - ESTIMATES

FREE ON REQUEST

Twenty-thre«

Maine Grower

(Continued from Page 7)

with slatted sides. When placed
in a small screenhouse, which he
maintains by the side of his bog,
these boxes provide ventilation for
the berries while in storage.

The Wing bog has its own sys-
tem of screening, and it works on
the familiar "bounce" principle,
but the rig is not like the ordinary
separator.

"We have a home-made elevator,
upon which we run the berries to
take out the chaff, dirt, and soft
berries", Mr. Wing explains. "The
soft berries, if any, run slowlj
and drop through spaces in the ele-
vator— the hard berries jump these
spaces and land in a box at the
bottom."

Disregards Insects

It has been said that frosts
bother Mr. Wing but little on this

"Way Down East" bog. Insects
trouble him not at all. He never
sprays or dusts because he says
there are no insects in Maine
which will seriously injure his crop.
He disregards this problem, so

troublesome to growers elsewhere.
In the winter he puts on a flood
as soon as the ground really be-
gins to freeze, just about as is the
practice in Massachusetts. He
does not flow particularly heavy.

LLOYD M. HENDRICK

Registered Architect

Architect-Engineer

Public, Commercial and

Domestic Work

BAKER BLDG. BUZZARDS BAY

AND POCASSET. MASS.

ARE YOU SURE?

Why not let us make a survey of your insurance
without charge, to make sure that you are
fully protected?

For more than 20 years, Mr. Eben A. Thacher,
of this firm , has provided specialized insurance
service to meet the needs of cranberry growers.
He will be glad to discuss a survey of your
requirements and present coverage.

Brewer & Lord

INSURANCE
65 Batterymarch Street, Boston

Telephone: Hancock 0830

Eatmor
Cranberries

Financial returns to cranberry growers depend principally upon
the price obtained for fresh berries; as long as growers control the dis-
tribution of the fresh fruit there will be a stable industry.

Growers assure the successful marketing of their crops, whether
"fresh" or "processed", by participating in the operation of this one
member - one vote organization.

Members truly control the organization and thus can be assured
that its primary interest is that of all members.

Now is the time for cranberry growers to affiliate with this organi-
zation and its associated companies.

The New England Cranberry Sales Company

9 Station Street MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

Twenty- four

The two Hills brothers who came down to New York from
Framingham to establish our business in 1871 began with mea-
ger savings, built their own working capital, and avoided all
mergers in the food business.

We have competed as an independent for over 75 years.
DROMEDARY is now a famous name in foods. And we be-
lieve our participation in the marketing of Cape Cod cran-
berry sauce is a healthy factor in the business for all cranberry
growers.

Over the years we have bought berries at prices which have
averaged more profit for our grower friends.

THE HILLS BROTHERS COMPANY
Peter A. LeSage, Agent

Plymouth, Tel. 740 Tel. Barnstable 107

Call

X eter xV« -Lie 1^

age

"KEEP SMILING"

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 740

Peter A. LeSage

YARMOUTH

Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries Tei. Barnstable io7

Twenty-five

just enough to put the vines com-
pletely under. He tries each year
to get in some ice sanding, and
while there is always enough ice
in his Maine inland area, there is
usually also so much snow he is
only able to put in a few days of
work. The face of a huge cliff
near the bog is testimony that a
great deal of sanding has been
done at one time and another. The
sand is a little finer than is usual-
ly considered the best for bog work
in Massachusetts, but it is, never-
theless, good sand.

Bog Has Lasted Well

That the bog was well construct-
ed is proven by the fact that in
spite of the years it is in surpris-
ingly good grade. The building of
the bog floor was a thorough,
painstaking piece of work. It is
still heavily vined for the most

p*rt, but its condition as to weeds
is not what Mr. Wing desires it to
be. Some sections are overgrown,
and in certain areas a complete
renovation job is needed for res-
toration. But that same situation
is true on many bogs not in Maine.

Does Mr. Wing value his Maine
bog highly?

He says, "I consider it just as
valuable as any bog on Cape Cod.
My berries bring better prices in
Maine than do Cape Cods and
there is always a market for all I

Continental Red Seal
Industrial Engines

J. M. HACKETT

No. Hanover, Mass.

Tel. Rockland 1864

BOLENS GARDEN TRACTORS

(WITH SICKLE BAR ATTACHMENT)

ROTOTILLERS
ENGINE DRIVEN GENERATORS

FOR EMERGENCY AND ALL TYPES OF APPLICATIONS

BRIGGS & STRATTON ENGINES

PORTABLE PUMPS

POWER MOWER EQUIPMENT

Complete Mechanical Service

INDUSTRIAL ENGINES— from Va H. P. to 100 H. P.

Alan Painten Company

Established 1922

Hanover, Mass.

Tel. Hanover 334

We are "All Set" to serve Massachusetts Growers

* WITH ANY JOB OF BOG RENOVATION.

* NEW BOG CONSTRUCTION

* BOG MAINTENANCE

We have Power Shovels (3) ; Tractoi- Bulldozois (3) ; Cranes, Scrapers, 90-
Yard Screener; Power Winches, Draggcrs; Road Grader — 30 competent Oper-
ators and employes— AND THE NECESSARY EXPERIENCE AND KNOW-
HOW.

E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Pranconia Service Station

Freight Transportation (including cranberries
in season). Heavy equipment hauling.
Tel. 227

Franconia Coal Co.

Water-White Kerosene for Weed Control this
spring.

Tel. 39-R

Tires, Tubes, Batteries, Auto and Truck Re-
pairing and Greasing. Jenney Gasoline and
Motor Oils.

Distributors for
MACK and INTERNATIONAL TRUCKS

Tel. 39-R

CAULT CONSTRUCTION COMPANY

Main St., Wareham, Mass.

"EDDIE" T. GAULT, JR.

Tel. 227

Twenty-six

can raise.'* Also, he hopes his son
will want to continue as a cran-
berry raiser. There would seem to
be some likelihood of this, for cer-
tain it is that the Wings through
three generations, isolated as they
are fi'om nearly all contacts with
cranberry growing, have stuck
doggedly to the business. Leon
Wing has made a trip to Massa-
chusetts and visited the State bog,
but most of the time he is largely
out of direct touch with other
cranberry men. What cranberry
interest there is in Maine today
seems to be entirely individualistic.

Atwood's Parlor Car

Although the Wing bog is assur-
edly far from the principal cran-
berry districts, by a pure co-
incidence there is one "tie-in" with

Carver', Massachusetts, or at least
the famous bog of Ellis D. At-
wood. The fact is that when Mr.
Atwood bought his narrow-gauge
railroad equipment in Maine, some
of this rolling stock had once

passed along' the edge of this bog
at Madrid Junction. The Junction
today is abandoned, and there are
only a couple of houses there, but
in days gone by this had been a
station on the Sandy River and

Patronize

Our

Advertisers

CRANBERRIES

The National
Cranberry Magazine

THOMAS BROTHERS
General Contractors

MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

Tel. Middleboro 772

Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells
Transit Mix Concrete

Complete Line of Construction Equipment
Excavating - Grading - Hauling

Leave the Tough Jobs for Us
Our Experience is Your Guarantee

M. .

IT IS TIME...

To make definite marketing plans for the 1947 cran-
berry crop. When you start harvesting next month
you want to be sure your berries are going to get a
top deal.

Whether these berries are grown in Massachusetts,
Wisconsin or New Jersey, STOKELY has the plant
facility, the experience and the organization to han-
dle your processing berries to your advantage.

Stokely^/

, FINEST

Jj^BERRY^

There is real value to you in the label on the STOKELY can. You deal with a
firm which has not only assured domestic markets, but large, foreign outlets.

STOKELY FOODS, Inc.

A Subsidiary of

STOKELY- VAN CAMP, INC.

INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA

Twenty-seven

Rangeley Lakes line. "The Range-
ley" parlor car, now operated by
Mr. Atwood as the prize piece of
the Edaville R. R., formerly went
over the rails directly in the rear
of Mr. Wing's home. Passengers
on the S. R. & R. L. looked out of
its windows over the acres of the
Wing bog, just as passengers today
gaze out over the Atwood bogs.

Oddly, this parlor car seems to
be destined to be passing cran-
berry bog — if not in Maine, then
in Massachusetts. There was this
association between the slim-gague
equipment and cranberry country
before Atwood brought the equip-
ment to his cranberry bogs, though
he was not aware of it at the time.

(Note: The fact that some of
Atwood's Maine equipment had
previously been used in this iso-

TILLER MT/m

# Full hortcpewtr melar
^ Standard tw« ipwdi—

farward and marte.

# Pa^tiva actian, multi<
pladitc dutch.

A Full tiled ^»"alactrte
alloy steal tinas.

ARIEN5 COMPANY • BRILLION.WIS.

lated Maine cranberry bog area
was first suggested to the writer
by Dr. Neil E. Stevens, who is

Maine born, and recognized the
coincidence from memories of his
younger days).

USING ELECTRICITY MORE

in

AGRICULTURE AND IN THE HOME

IS STEPPING IN

THE RIGHT DIRECTION

Plymouth County Electric Co.

WAREHAM

Tel. 200

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 1300

I

WHY

BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY for the distribution
of the 1947 crop?

Becaxise

Beaton's Distributing Agency has pioneered in new meth-
ods of marketing, such as the half and quarter bbl. box, and
last fall, a new type of container complete with cellophane
bags, with recipes to be prepared at the retail level.

Because

Beaton's Distributing Agency offers a market for all your
berries, both fresh and processed.

Because

Beaton's Distributing Agency is a growers' organization
with the best interests of the industry at heart.

BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY
Cape Cod Cranberries

WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Telephone Wareham HI

Twenty-eight

Let's Look at the Record!

Facts speak for themselves — and for us.

Your neighbor who delivered his Cranberries to
Minot can tell you those facts . .

Ask him about ...

• The Amount of His Advance
Payment from Minot

• The Total Per Barrel Received
from Minot

• The Promptness of Payments
from Minot

We will let our performance '^
speak for itself

MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS INC.

BRIDGETON NEW JERSEY

' Represented by

BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY

WAREHAM, MASS.

to All Cranberry Growers

In the midst of a busy summer we should like to remind you that:

1. During its fiscal year ended March 31st, 1947 the Exchange
added 133 members, each of whom will sell, as do all Exchange mem-
bers, 100% of his berries through his cooperative.

2. There were also 11 transfers, and a number of new members
have been accepted since the fiscal year ended.

3. Last year was by far the largest in our history in dollar volume.
No one knows what prices will be next year, but the Exchange will have
more cranberries to sell.

4. The outlook for fresh cranberries in 1947-1948 is good. There
is plenty of sugar again and the wholesalers are showing their usual
interest in fresh cranberries. There have already been requests to
place orders for cars of Eatmor Cranberries at our opening prices.

We are very grateful for such confidence among wholesalers. It
shows that the years cooperating cranberry growers have spent improv-
ing pack and grade are appreciated.

The American Cranberry Exchange, Inc.

U. S. Dept. of Agriculture Lie. No. 1

The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative

CHICAGO NEW YORK

RVINC A $rAUUU,UUU a ylak iinuu:>ikt

APE COD
NEW JERSEY

WISCONSIN
OREGON
WASHINGTON

FRED P. HEPBURN, Packing house foreman

(Story Page 25)

CRANBERRIES PHO

September, 1947

30 Cents

Friendliness

Friendliness is one thing that costs nothing in business, yet pays a big
profit to all. For friendliness promotes an understanding and insight
into other's problems that make their solutions easier. Fifty-three
years of experience have proved to us that friendliness is an essential
to good business. And Growers Cranberry Company's vi'ide knowledge
of all phases of the Cranberry business can help solve your problems
quickly, efficiently, and with mutual good will.

We will gladly arrange a meeting, either at your office or at our Pem-
berton office, to discuss any Cranberry problem you might have.

Growers Cranberry Company. Inc.

PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY

85 Per Cent

of the Wisconsin Cranberry Growers

are Members of the

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

A True Cooperative — One Member, One Vote

and they
Deliver to Their Cooperative 100% of Their Production

1947 Cranberry Season
Opens August 20

NCA Directors opened the 1947 price on Ocean Spray on
that date to start the season early and assure a longer mar-
ket for members' berries. The new price is low enough to
build a wide consumer demand for increasing production
. . and high enough to bring good returns to the growers.
A $200,000 advertising campaign starting September 1
continues to build consumer demand for Ocean Spray.
The National Cranberry Association expects to pack 4,000,-
000 cases of Ocean Spray products. We invite you to join
with the 1,000 grower-members of the organization to mar-
ket your berries cooperatively and share the good returns
it offers . . . and the security it brings by keeping the
cranberry business in the growers' hands.

National Cranberry Association

The Growers' Cooperative

Branches at:

Hanson, Massachusetts North Harwich, Massachusetts Coquille, Oregon

Onset, Massachusetts Dennis, Massachusetts Markham, Washington

Plymouth, Massachusetts Bordentown, New Jersey Long Beach, Washington

North Chicago, Illinois

One

DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREHAM 162

S. C. M. Packard & Go.

Hardware — Locksmiths
For Maintenance Supplies

USE DYNAMITE

The modern way to re-
move stumps, excavate
rocks, DIG CORES FOR
DIKES, and other blasting
work in cranberry growing.
Speeds up work — -reduces costs.
CONSULT WITH US ON ANY
WORK YOU ARE PLANNING.
Trained by Hercules Powder Co.

ALTON J. SMITH

High St., Hanson, Mass.

Tel. Bryantville 209-R-3

Marinette &
Menominee Box Co.

Marinette, Wisconsin

BOXES, BOX SHOCKS. CRATING
WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES

M & M's 64th Year

Serving the Wisconsin
Cranberry Growers

Extensive Experience in

ELECTRICAL WORK

At Scrasnhousts, Bofs and
Pumps Means Satisfaction

ALFRED PAPPI

WAREHAM, MASS. T*l. 616

Serving

Western Cranberry

Growers

with

High Quality Products

Rotenone

Pyrethrum

DDT Sprays & Dusts

Nicotine

Copper Sprays

Oil Sprays

Lime Sulphur Solution

MILLER PRODUCTS d

PORTLRND t, OREGON

Attention
Cranberry
Growers f !

We have

Drain Pipe

Large Sized Terra Cotta
Makes a Permanent Installation

RALPH W. ELLIOT

Sandwich Rd., Wareham, Mass.

TeL Wareham 794

Mail Address: Buzzards Bay, RFD

Plumbing and Heating Service

Morris April Bros.

Bridgeton - Tuckahoe

New Jersey

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

H. R. Bailey Co.

South Carver
Massachusetts

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.
in stock

Cranberry Growers:

WE ARE IN POSITION TO
SUPPLY YOU WITH YOUR
1947 CRANBERRY CON-
TAINERS

also

Good Quality

Wheeling Plank

Quotations on Request

F. H. COLE

North Carver, Mass.

Est. 1707
WOODEN BOX MFGR.

Harvest

i

and

Shipping '

Boxes ■

Jesse A. Holmes & Son

Carver, Mass.

Tel. Carver 10-3

I

SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY

ADAMS 6f GOULD

Lumber Dealers

"Everything Under Cover"
East Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 648

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Paints - Hardware

Cape & Vineyard
Electric Company

Ofiices:

Chatham

Falmouth
Hyannis

Vineyard Haven

Acushnet
Saw Mills Co.

GOOD
WOOD BOXES

Cranberry Growers

Order Harvest and

Shipping Boxes

New Bedford, Mass.

Est. 1865

Grossman's

On Cape Cod

"EVERYTHING TO
BUILD WITH"

Opposite R. R. Station

Sagamore, Mass.

778
Tels. Sagamore 779

EitablUhcd 1848

Hall & Cole

Incorporated

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

94 Faneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON, MASS.

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES
SPECIALTIES

Car Lot Receivers

Wood
County
Nationa
Bank

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT
INSURANCE CORPORATION

KROP-SAVER

brand

INSECTICIDES

The National Bank of Wareham

Conveniently located for Cranberry men

FUNGICIDES

For the Cranberry Grower

CROP-SAVER
CHEMICAL COMPANY Inc

Funds always available for sound loans

Complete Banking Service

3511 West Potomac Avenue
Chicago 51, Illinois

Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.

Opening- Fresh
Fruit Price
Discussed

Both N. C. A. and Ace
Issue Releases
Showing Differences
of Opinion

The official forecast of the size
of the crop has been made, picking-
was beginning as September start-
ed, and the selling price, as always,
became a principal topic. NCA
announced a cut in the wholesale
price of Ocean Spray cranberry
sauce, and other processors were
reported to be making cuts also.
The two major co-ops issued the
following releases concerning
prices:

NCA RELEASE

"While general food prices con-
tinue to creep upward, cranberry
growers have made a right-about-
face in voluntarily reducing prices
18',.

At a meeting held at Hanson,
Massachusetts, on August 20, Di-
rectors of National Cranberry As-
sociation, a grower cooperative
with 1,000 members in Massachu-
setts, New Jersey, Wisconsin,

Washington and Oregon, launched
the 1947 cranberry season by nam-
ing a wholesale price of $2.00 a
dozen on their Ocean Spray canned
cranberry sauce, compared with
the current price of $2.45.

M. L. Urann, President of the
Co-operative, said: 'The cranberry
industry is trying to do its part to
lower the cost of living. The cost
to produce cranberries has not de-
clined, and neither has the cost of
processing. But the Directors and
the grower-members of this Co-
operative realize their obligation to
the consumer. They are taking a
long look ahead and voluntarily
lowering prices on Ocean Spray
products to encourage greater buy-
ing. The cranberry growers are
willing to take less in order that
consumers may get more.'

National Cranberry Association
markets about 50' J of the national
cranberry crop. About SS'/r of its
output is sold as processed cran-
berries, and 15', as fresh fruit,
both under Ocean Spray brand."
ACE RELEASE
"C. M. Chaney, General Manager
of the American Cranberry Ex-
change, took sharp issue with a
recent article in a New Yoi-k finan-
cial newspaper quoting M. L.
Urann, president of National Cran-
berry Ass'n., to the effect that
"even a price of $25.00 a barrel for
cranberries is too high for the com-
ing season."

Pointing to the fact that berries
sold through the Exchange last
season returned to the growers
more than $30.00 a barrel, Mr.
Chaney stated: 'You don't need an
ecxjnomist to know that the cost of
production has continued to sky-
rocket'.

Mr. Chaney said it was 'Very
unfortunate for growers that bear-
ish publicity has been issued right
at the opening of the selling sea-
son', and termed 'utter folly any
belief that the upward spiral in the
cost of living can be seriously af-
fected by a radical, self-imposed
reduction in cranberry prices.'

'In fact', Mr. Chaney said, 'the
total value of the American Cran-
berry crop last year was 25 million
dollars. This, even when retail
costs were added, represents ap-
proximately 25c per capita per
year. A I'eduction of 20'/f in the
price of berries would therefore
represent only 5c per capita, but
would work hardship on the 2000
growers, as it would represent an
average loss to them of more than
$2500 each in gross income'.

Speaking for the Cranberry Ex-
change, Mr. Chaney said: 'Our
organization, as a 100 per cent
grower-owned cooperative, has as
its responsibility the securing of a
fair price for growers. We will
open our price this year just as
we have during the past 40 — on
the basis of careful consideration

A Special
Opportunity

is now offered to cranberry growers to become members of a truly
cooperative company — a one member - one vote organization which
provides a complete service for its members — on actual cost basis — in
the production, packing and marketing of their crops.

Its membership list is comprised of active, self-reliant, clear-
thinking growers looking to the future and the democratic operation of
the cranberry industry.

Its Board of Directors, representing all districts, are chosen by
a truly democratic method and work for the best interests of all mem-
bers.

A truly grower-controlled service organization.

The New England Cranberry Sales Company

9 Station Street MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

I

Four

Issue of September, 1947 — Vol. 12, No. 5

Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Warcham, Massachusetts. Subscription, $3.00 per year.
Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham. Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879.

of supply, demand and purchasing
power and with the aim of getting
a fair return for growers.'

The American Exchange nor-
mally sells more than three-fourths
of its berries in the fresh market.
The National Cranberry Associa-
tion is primarily a processing or-
ganization.

Beattie Named
Mass. Cranberry
Specialist

A new cranberry specialist has
been named to assist Massachusetts
growers in the solution of their
problems as part of the Extension
Service. J. Richard Beattie, who
has become widely and favorably
known among the growers as Ply-
mouth County Agent, specializing
in cranberries, has been named to
the position by R. A. VanMeter,
acting president of University of
Massachusetts. His appointment
is effective as of October 1, and
Mr. Beattie, Mrs. Beattie and two
children plan to make their home
in the general vicinity of the Ex-
periment Station at East Ware-
ham.

This position was created by the
Massachusetts legislature in the
last sssion. J. T. Brown, director
of Extension Service of Plymouth
County, who made the announce-
ment, said the loss of Mr. Beattie
in his department ^ould be keenly
felt, as Beattie has developed a
strong program in the horticultur-
al interests of the extension ser-
vice.

Mr. Beattie, a native of Guild-
hall, Vt., was graduated from the
University of Vermont, 1939, where
he received a B. S. degree in agri-
culture. In 1940 he received his
master's degree from the same in-
stitution and was immediately ac-
cepted as assistant county agent
in Plymouth County. He became
associate in 1942 and county agent
in 1945 under Director Brown.

U. S. D. A. August Estimate

The following is the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture bureau of Agri-
cultural Economics N. E. Crop Reporting Service release for the
cranberry crop this fall, as reported at the annual meeting of Cape
Cod Cranberry Growers' Association:

For the United States, cranberry production for 1947 is esti-
mated at 770,900 barrels. The 1946 crop totalled 857,100 barrels
and the 1936-45 average crop is 638,836 bbls. In addition to 1946 the
crops of 1942 and 1937 which totalled 812,200 bbls. and 877,300 bbls.
respectively are the only ones larger than this season's prospectiv
Prospects are rather favorable this year in all producing areas. Ex-
pected production is above average in all areas and on the West Coast
record crops are in prospect.

CRANBERRY PRODUCTION IN BARRELS

10 year

States

average
1936-194S

1946*

1947

Massachusetts

424,90(1

653,000

606.000

New Jersey

83,600

101,000

93,000

Wisconsin

97,500

146,000

1T2.000

Washington

24,180

42,000

42,900

Oregon

8.750

16,100

18.000

United States

638,830

857,100

770,900

* Revised.

A.

C.

HACKENDORF

Prepared by :

C.

D.

STEVENS

H. A. Salmela

Statisticians

Cape Cod Growers' Meeting

Record attendance, an estimated
500, enjoyed an interesting pro-
gram at the annual meeting of
Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As-
sociation, Tuesday, August 19th,
at State Bog, East Wareham. The
day turned out fine — and plenty
hot, as is usually the case, for this
gathering. Many heard the talks
outside the meeting under the trees
rather than in the station itself,
through a loud speaker provided
by George Raymond.

The crop report (as above) read
by C. D. Stevens, statistician in
charge. New England Crop Report-
ing Service, was the usual high-
light. The other features were
the appearance of D. J. Crowley,

director Washington State Experi-
ment station, A. J. Corliss of the
Greenfield gypsy moth department
and Col. Charles Wellington Fur-
long, who delivered an address on
European affairs, particularly
warning against the spread of any
communistic tendencies in this
country.

The membership learned from
Treasurer Harry Hornblower that
the association during the year
had increased its membership
nearly one-third, there now being
a total of 370, and the general
funds of the treasury had been in-
creased by a thousand dollai's, this
now being over the $5,000 mark.

Five

National Advertising Campaign

As one of the important pieces of
businesses the association voted a
committee to consider a national
advertising campaign. Purpose of
this is to make and keep the con-
suming public more conscious of
cranberries, without regard to
trade name). It was pointed out
that the industry is in a growing,
healthy condition and demand
must be kept up if satisfactory
prices are to be maintained. This
committee was chosen as Russell
Makepeace, Carl B. Urann and
Melville C. Beaton. It was to re-
port at a later meeting.
Officers Elected

President George E. Short very
ably conducted the long and inter-
esting program, and having served
two terms, concluded his service.
The nominating committee, which
was Homer Gibbs, Carl Urann and
John F. Shields, placed for ballot
the following, who were elected:

President — Russell Makepeace,

First Vice President — Melville
C. Beaton, Wareham.

Second Vice President — Edward
L. Bartholomew, Wareham.

Secretary — Gilbert T. Beaton,
Wareham.

Treasurer — Henry Hornblower,
Boston.

Ass't. Treasurer — Miss R. Thel-
ma Laukka, Wareham.

Directors — Dr. H. J. Franklin,
Harrison Goddard, George Short,
Orrin G. Colley, Nahum Morse,
John F. Shields, Frederick El-
dredge, Jr., John F. Harriott.

The office of assistant treasurer
is a new one, and Miss Laukka is
full-time secretary at the Experi-
ment Station. Messrs. Colley,
Morse, Shields and Eldredge are
presidents of the four cranberry
clubs and this action was in carry-
ing out plans for closer cooperation
between the over-all association
and the four regional groups.

Crowley Praises Eastern Bogs

Director Crowley was making
his first visit to the East in 24
years, having visited New Jersey
before going to Massachusetts
(leaving there for Wisconsin). Dr.
Crowley made some interesting
comments on the contrasts between
cranberry growing in the East and
the Pacific coast, noting partic-
ularly that some eastern bogs
were as large as whole areas of
bogs in his region. He declared
he was highly impressed not only
by the "park-like" appearance of

many Massachusetts properties,
but by the many fine bogs he was
surprised to find in New Jersey.
Col. Furlong

Col. Furlong, who appeared un-
der the auspices of the National
Civic Federation, was introduced
by President George E. Short, as
"foreign correspondent, author,
painter, educator, soldier, and
American citizen." The speaker
gave a forceful presentation of
the present world situation, going
into the background history. He
said that as he was driving down
to the meeting that morning he
was thankful that he was one of
145,000,000 Americans who were
free to ride along a beautiful coun-
try road, if they chose, without
getting the consent of any dicta-
torial authorities first. He said
that in certain European countries
it was impossible for a citizen to
travel "from one small village to
another" without first getting a
permit to do so. He then said he
thought this meeting of cranberry
growers, "many of whom were
competitors", was a splendid dem-
onstration of democracy. "You
are meeting here in complete de-
mocracy, competitors, yet joining
in a free meeting, and that is a
fine testimonial for what many call
the 'capitalist system' and free en-
terprise.

"You are enjoying your heritage
as American citizens. You use
sand in your industry, I under-
stand. And sand mixed with grit
is what we need today to preserve
our heritage of democracy and
freedom. You have a right to this
way of life — freedom, liberty, a
public school system, and the right
to buy and sell freely."

He said this heritage must be
given thought, if it is to be pre-
served. "There are those who
would take it away from you.
There are those to whom your way
of life is an interference to the
plan of life they want." There are
foreign agents working among us,
he continued, who are trying to
indoctrinate young people into
thoughts foreign to the American
heritage.

"Our way of life is in the bal-
ance. Communism has declared
war against our way of life." He
then sketched in the danger points
in the Middle East, where struggle

is going on and where war may
break out. He said a communistic
form of dictatorship was no better
than that of the Nazis. He said
he did not blame the common peo-
ple of Russia and we should strive
to aid them, as they are enslaved,
but that the seat of evil was "the
Kremlin", and the dictators of the
Kremlin were determined to force
communism upon the whole world.
A. J. Corliss

Principal speaker at the morning
session was A. J. Corliss of the
Greenfield gypsy moth laboratory,
who gave a detailed talk upon the
story of DDT. He told how first
tests were made for its effective-
ness in kill upon gypsies and brown
tail moths, and then of tests for
its effect upon human beings, fish,
bird life and bees. He exploded
many beliefs which had spread as
to its bad effects, and gave a
strong account of its value in in-
sect control.

Hail Insurance

Representatives of hail insur-
ance companies spoke upon a plan
to make hail insurance available
to cranberry growers, and their
discussion was illustrated by col-
ored moving pictures. N. W. Web-
ber and Mr. Bardon of Hartford
Life Insurance and Alvin Reid,
representing Hail Insurance, were
the speakers. This is a new pro-
ject in Massachusetts, new to most
growers, but one in which there is
much interest.

University of Massachusetts

Representing the University of
Massachusetts were Dr. R. A. Van
Meter, acting president, Dr. F. J.
Sievers, director of the Experi-
mental Station, and Willard Mun-
son, director of Extension Service.
Dr. Van Meter said the University
is dedicated to research and to
higher education and he expected
that within two years, as the GI
training period was ended, that
more boys and girls who wished
could be taken in.

Dr. Sievers leferred to the
more than $30,000 which the East
Wareham station had produced
through the crop of berries on
the State bog last fall, and said
it was more than paying its way.
He praised the growers for their
interest and cooperation and said
he felt that the University of Mas-

Si*

sachusetts was giving the growers
good sei-vice.

Mr. Munson paid an acknow-
ledgement to the importance of the
cranberry crop, and particularly to
Southeastern Massachusetts, say-
ing it brought in from 5 to 15
million dollars annually. He saw
increased crops in the increasing-
acreages.

Equipment Exhibition

R. J. Hillstrom, manufacturer of
the "Western Picker", brought
two machines, the new aluminum
model and the original Stankavich
machine, and although neither was
demonstrated on the bogs, the
crowds that gathered showed the
interest of the Massachusetts
growers in this machine. Mr. Hill-
strom, who will remain in the
East for several weeks, will give
demonstrations a little later in
the season.

During the noon hour, from 12
until 2, various pieces of equip-
ment were on display besides the
picker from Oregon, and these
included a large showing by Frost
Insecticide Company of Arlington,
and Continental Motors by J. N.
Hackett and Alan Painten.

A government biplane gave a
demonstration of insect control
from the air, zooming low over the
State bog, but spreading water
rather than DDT spray. The ma-
chine was equipped with a new re-
volving distributor, considered giv-
ing better coverage.

Lunch was served by ladies of
the Wareham M. E. church.

Attending this meeting were
representatives from every cran-
berry-growing state in the coun-
try: Mr. Crowley from Washing-
ton, R. J. Hillstrom and Kaye J.
Howard from Oregon, Guy Potter
and Albert Hedler from Wisconsin,
Charles A. Doehlert, in charge of
the New Jersey cranberry-blue-
berry station, James D. Holman,
Isaac Harrison, Alvin Brick and
Walter Z. Fort, all of that state.

N. J. Meeting

More than 300 attended the
summer meeting of the American
Cranberry Growers' Association
August 28th at the bogs of Wil-
liam H. Reeves, Route 40, btween
Upton and Four-Mile State Colony
traffic circle, New Jersey. This

meeting was an innovation in that
it was an exhibition of cranberry
equipment.

The Ocean Spray helicopter was
demonstrated, with "Slim" Soule
piloting. Liquid spraying was
shown as well as dusting. The
great maneuverability of the 'cop-
ter impressed the growers.

Weather was misty, but comfort-
able in temperature, and did not
interfere with the inspection of
equipment. The demonstration of
the Western Picker was limited to
running on the upland. Jersey
growers were looking forward to
seeing two of these machines
which have been assigned to actual
demonstrations on bogs.

The New Jersey Cranberry-Blue-
berry Laboratory showed an ex-
hibit of mounted ci'anberry insects,
which was instructive to many.

Enoch Bills, president, and the
committee in charge of arrange-
ments, consisting of D. M. Crabbe,
Joseph H. Palmer, Francis W.
Sharpless, Benjamin F. Cavileer,
John H. Cutts and Charles A.
Doehlert, were congratulated for
putting across the largest summer
meeting held in many years. Mr.
Reeves was a cordial host and pro-
vided an excellent setting for the
exhibits on spacious cleared upland
around his bog buildings.

List of exhibitors:

Armco Drainage & Metal Products.
Inc.. drainage, water control products :
Auto Gear & Parts Co.. power units:
Cutts Bros., bulldozer on trailer with
truck to tow: Fenimore Bros.. Cub trac-
tor: Growers' Cranberry Co.. nets.
scooDs, weed mower: Jos. H. Haines ^-
Sons, irrigation pump, pine: Model M
tractor with mower, turf pulverizer:
Isaac Harrison, vine planter and Hayden
duster: I.,akehurst Motors. 6 tracto^-s
with equipment and other tools ; C. A.
T.ipnincott & Bro.. 2 Clectrac tractors :
Parkhurst Farm Supply, irrigpt'on pumn ■.
and equipment: Sidney W. Reid. 2 spray-
ers, Lowther "C" saw for clearing lan-^
of trees, brush, briars, trimming and
cutting up felled trees: Bean Mist Dust-
tr. Buffalo turbine, tractor with mounted
loader: F. A. Scammell. mower: Semoos
Products Co., Sempos float boat: Milton
H. Strieker. demonstration bee hive'
Jos. J. White, Inc., cranberry mower:
Carl F. Klotz, Ariens tiller: William
Haines, floater boat : National Cranberry
Association. Trading oost: Fortnum Mo-
tor Co.. 3 Diamond T trucks, .3 Gibs"-
tractors, 2 Garden-all tractors and p'^
attachments : Weigel-Chevrolet Co.. bog
disc harrow: N. J. E.xoeriment Station,
inse'-t exhibit: Lewis Barton, irrigation
equipment.

Wisconsin Meeting

Cranberry Bogs
Bought and Sold

on Cape Cod

ROBERT R. LARKIN
Realtor

West Harwich, Mass.

Tel. Har. .509-W

Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin —
Members of the Wisconsin Cran-
berry Growers' association heard
visiting speakers discuss problems
affecting their industry at the reg-
ular summer meeting of the asso-
ciation in the Hotel Witter Satur-
day morning, Aug. 9.

H. H. Harris, representative of
an insecticide manufacturing con-
cern, told the group of the contin-
uous research being conducted for
new and improved insect poisons.
Grower and consumer interest in
insect control has increased in the
last several years as a result of
research work done by the govern-
ment and private industry during
the war, he said.

Harris described the residual, or
longer lasting effect of DDT and
compared it with other new insec-
ticides such as chloridane and ben-
zene hexachloride, but said that to
date "we have no particular insect-
icide which meets all of the nec-
essary requirements."

County Agent D. R. Rowe sug-
gested the planting of selected
grasses and nursery stock to help
cranberry growers meet the prob-
lem of water erosion. He cited
the need for continuation of ferti-
lizer programs and reminded the
growers that the soil conservation
service in Wood county is availabfc
for all enterprises engaged in agri-
culture.

Clarence Searles, speaking... of
the action taken by -the state; con-
servation commission to control
deer damage in central Wisconsin,
said that the property of Mrs. Jje-
ona Amundson in the town of
Remington had been made a test
area for this work. Searles said
that carbide gas exploders,, to
frighten the deer away, had proved
ineffective after several days. Re-
moval of the deer by shooting has
continued, but will not be neces-
sary after the worst offenders have
been killed, he declared.

M. S. Anderson,, sales represen-
tative for the National Cranberry
association; Leo Sorenson, ento-
mologist for the NCA; and C. D.
Hammond, general manager of the
Wisconsin Cranberry Sales com-
pany, also spoke briefly.

Wisconsin's 1945 and 1946

Cranberry Crops

By HENRY F. BAIN

(Continued from August)

3. Pollination

Observations on pollination in
1945 and 1946 are given below with
full recognition of the fact that
with a single exception (3), con-
trolled experiments were not con-
ducted, and that innumerable fac-
tors were operative in producing
the yields finally harvested.

Evidence that lack of pollination
in 1944 had been responsible for
reduction in yields on the four
marshes on which the writer is
employed led to the 1945 experi-
ments with honeybees reported by
Farrar and Bain (3), in which it
was found that bees were effective
pollinators when they worked on
cranberry flowers. 50 colonies of
bees were kept at the Cranberry
Lake marsh in 1945 and 1946, and
both years the bees were extremely
active on the marsh throughout
the extended blossoming seasons.
It seems inconceivable that they
were not a major factor in bring-
ing about the excellent set both
years, more particularly in 1946,
when an unprecedented set took
place in the extremely light bloom
on water-injured vines (see table
2).

Seventy underpopulated colonies
were kept at the Biron marsh in
1946, but the bees did not work
extensively on the marsh until af-
ter mid-bloom. As table 2 shows,
the set in a water-injured section
was not quite up to standard,
though it was much better than in
the preceding year. 1945 injury
was greater than that of 1946, how-
ever.

8 or 10 colonies were kept at the
65-acre Beaver Brook marsh both
years. Water injury occurred on
parts of the marsh each year, and
the entire 1945 crop was adversely
aff'ected by heavy autumn fungus
leaf-drop in 1944. Bees did not
visit the marsh in 1945, but worked
extensively in 1946, together with

* References to Literature Cited
.at end of article.

a fairly heavy bumblebee popula-
tion. Fruit set counts on this
marsh are given in table 3. As
the table shows, the set improved
in 1946, whether because of leaf-
drop control on the sections where
the counts were made, pollinating-
insect activity, or other causes.

The Midwest marsh near Spoon-
er had an extremely heavy bumble-

bee population in 1946, but not
many in 1945. Fruit set counts
are given in table 4. The sampled
sections were among the best on
the marsh in the respective years.
This marsh yielded 51 barrels per
acre in 1945 and 70 barrels in 1946.
The bumblebee population on
Wisconsin cranberry marshes built
up noticeably in 1946 after falling
to very low numbers in 1944 and
1945. Adequate numbers to fully
pollinate the flowers in the absence
of all other agencies were present
on some marshe'; in 1946.

TABLE 2

FRUIT SET COUNTS IN SEARLES CRANBERRIES, 1945 AND 1946

BIRON AND CRANBERRY LAKE MARSHES

(Figures represent units per square foot)

Marsh

Biron

Cranberry

Lake

Section No.

A

-6

N-2

-2

S-8-5

Year

1945

1946

1945

1946

1946

Water Injury

Severe S
Typical
of marsh

ome, more
than ave.
on marsh

None Extreme

typical of
most of marsh

One of least
injured on
marsh

Uprights not blooming

60K

307

296

294

317

Uprights blooming

196

IfiO

152

46

66

Tot. number of uprights

704

467

448

340

373

% uprights blooming

2«

34

34

14

15

Uprights blooming,
not fruiting

1.52

66

28

2

3

% Uprights blooming,
not fruiting

78

41

18

3

4

Tot. number of flowers

512

450

373

56

94

Flowers per blossoming
unright

2.60

2.80

2.45

1.15

1.68

Number of berries set

44

111

160

47

74

% flowers setting
berries

9

26

43

88

80

Number of berries

per blossoming upright

0.22

0.70

l.OB

1.00

1.30

% berries borne on
1 -flowered uprights

l.'i

2

9

82

33

TABLE 3

FRUIT SET COUNTS IN SEARLES CRANBERRIES

BEAVER BROOK MARSH, 1945 and 1946

(Figures represent units per square foot)

Vear

1945*

1946

Section

Average of 15 sq.
ft. counts on 12
sections

**Big Jumbo"

"Reservoir No. 3"

Water injury

Considerable on
some sections

Considerable

None

Funcrus leaf drop

Severe on most of
marsh

None

None

Upriphts not blooming

191

309

340

Unriprhts blooming

167

149

177

Total no. of uprights

358

458

617

% uprights blooming

47

33

34

Uprights blooming,
not fruiting

„

52

33

% uprights blooming
not fruiting

_

34

19

Total no. of flowers

263

266

435

Flowers per blossoming
upright

1.62

1.76

2.46

No. of berries set

67

101

176

% flowers setting
berries

25

39

41

Number of berries

ner blossoming upright

_

0.68

1.00

% berries borne on
1 -flowered uprights

„

25

7

*1946 counts furnished through courtesy
Co. Counts made in Oct. 1944: some buds
of counting gave higher percentage of buds

of C
may
than

. H. Lewis. Mgr. Badger Cranberry
not have survived winter. Method
those made in 1946.

F.i|tbt

As noted above, too many un-
controlled variables entered into
the final production on the marshes
cited to permit the dogmatic inter-
pretation that an abundance of pol-
linating insects would have pre-
vented the state-wide poor set of
1945; but the evidence is definitely
indicative that heavy populations
of pollinating insects aided in in-
creasing set, especially in water-
injured vines.

4. Fruit Bud Set

Wisconsin growers for many
years have held that the fall fruit
bud set not only predetermines the
maximum limit of the succeeding
year's crop, but that it supplies a
reliable forecast of the size of the

crop if the following winter and
growing-season losses prove to be
near normal in magnitude. Bud-
ding for the 1946 crop was better
than for 1945 and the best in a
number of years. Basing his pre-
dictions primarily on average bud-
ding throughout the state, Golds-
worthy (6) was quoted in February
1945 as saying "Wisconsin's pros-
pect for next fall should be from
115,000 to 125,000 barrels", and
for the 1946 crop (7), "better than
125,000 next year." In June, 1945,
Hall (11) stated "Crop could be
115 to 125,000." In spite of the
spring situation, Vernon Golds-
worthy is ready to take a chance
and say now that, barring unpre-

TABLE 4
FRUIT SET COUNTS IN SEARLES CRANBERRIES
MIDWEST CRANBERRY CO., 1945 AND 1946
(Figures represent units per square foot)

Section number

27

9

Year

1945

1946

Water injury

Slight amount

Slight amount on
one- third of section

Uprights not blooming

332

253

Uprights blooming

304

172

Total no. of uprights

036

425

^ uprights blooming

48

40.5

Uprights blooming,
not fruiting

168

31

% uprights blooming,
not fruiting

55

18

Total no. of flowers

888

412

Flowers per blossoming
upright

2.90

2.36

No. of berries set

166

165

% flowers setting berries

19

40

No. of berries

per blossoming upright

0.55

0.95

% berries borne on
1 -flowered uprights

0

9

TABLE 5.

PERCENTAGE FRUIT BUD SET AND YIELDS,

BADGER AND MIDWEST CRANBERRY MARSHES, 1940-1946

1940

1941

1942

1943

1944

1945

1946

Bud Badger Cranberry Co.

Set

Midwest Cranberry Co.

39
38

.5 4

68

45

47

48

47
54

56

57

31

34

Yield

Ave. on 2 marshes, in
barrels per acre

1941

22.4

1942

46.8

1943

41.5

1944

40.2

1945

38. 0»

1946

52.6

1947

* Yield reduced by cold

growing season and

water

damage,

as discussed in

text.

/94S

/916

/Sf7

Fi

/P«/ /P-A? t9t3 /94^

g. 2. Annual Bud Set and Production at Badger and Midwest
marshes, 1941-1946.

dictable disasters, Wisconsin should
produce between 115 and 125,000
barrels this fall. Some others feel
that buds may have started from
early warmth and water may con-
sequently have caused considerable
injury. Henry F. Bain was making
no comments until he could observe
later conditions." Subsequent
a fungus tentatively identified as
events proved that the major 1945
damage had been done before this
time, and the abnormally great
water injury reduced the crop well
below the 115,000 figure. There
were no exceptionally large losses
in 1946, and the crop came up to
expectations as based upon the
fruit bud set.

So far as has been found, no rec-
ords in support of a correlation
between fall fruit bud set and the
succeeding crop have been pub-
lished. For this reason Mr. C. H.
Lewis, manager of the Badger
Cranberry Company, has kindly
consented to the inclusion here of
his 7-year series of records of fruit
bud counts on the Badger and Mid-
west marshes. The figures (table
5) represent the percentages of
well-formed uprights that had
fruit buds in October of the years
indicated, as determined by count-
ing one or more square-foot sam-
ple areas on nearly all sections on
each marsh and averaging the
section-counts to obtain the per-
centage set for each marsh as a
whole. The annual bud set varied
between approximately 32% and
56% in the 7-year period, a range
of 24 7(, and though the marshes
are located 15 miles apart and are
dissimilar in many respects, the
annual agreement in bud set was
remarkably close.

Figure 2 shows the relation be-
tween the year-before-the-crop bud
set and the average acre-produc-
tion on the two marshes during
the period of the records. The two
curves follow parallel trends as
closely as could be expected when
allowances are made for unequal
intervening losses. On the basis
of the low 1946 fall bud ' set — a
condition which existed generally
throughout the state — the 1947
Wisconsin crop is expected to drop
well below that of 1946. Current-
season influence is expected to
moderate the drop in production on

Nina

the two marshes under eonsider-
atioii here (but not the total state
crop) due to the fact that on one
a long-standing autumn leaf-drop
disorder was completely controlled
for the first time in 1946.

In the writer's opinion, the fruit-
bud set is fully as important as the
Wisconsin growers generally be-
lieve. Dr. Franklin, in his exhaust-
ive study of the relation of weath-
er to cranberry production, states
(5, p. 9), "On the whole, cranberry
weather relations in any year seem
to be mostly constructive for the
crop of the following year, but
more largely destructive for the
crop more immediately in hand."
As applying to Wisconsin condi-
tions, the "destructive" forces be-
gin to operate immediately after
fruit bud formation is completed
and continue to act until the suc-
ceeding crop has gone into con-
sumption. A 32% budding cannot
be expected to withstand losses
equal to those of a 56 7o budding
and produce a crop of equal size.
This may be tantamount to saying
that Wisconsin cranberry vines as
a rule do not produce an excess of
blossoming uprights. Fruit-set
counts reported herein and else-
where (1) would seem to substan-
tiate the idea. Insofar as Wiscon-
sin is concerned, statistical corre-
lations between recorded weather
data and production, such as the
one ostensibly existing between
warm Marches and low production,
may not necessarily represent true
cause-and-effect relationships, for
the reason that unrecorded con-
structive or destructive factors of
great magnitude, such as fruit bud
set and catastrophic losses (from
water injury, etc.), so often deter-
mine the size of the crop.

5. Insect and Disease Losses

Estimates of insect losses nec-
essarily reflect personal judgment
and are to be accepted in this
sense. The total state loss was
probably not greatly different in
the two seasons, with 1945 likely
having a slight margin over 1946
if any diflference existed.

The reverse was true in respect
to fungus disease losses. Berries
were shipped out earlier than us-
ual both years, holding storage
losses to smaller than normal pro-
portions; but there was clear evi-

Ten

dence that the 1946 crop would
have been of poor keeping quality
if held late, whereas late-held sam-
ples in 1945 were of excellent keep-
ing quality. The actual milling
wastage in 1946 was considerably
greater than that in 1945.

A field rot of berries caused by
Phytophthora erythroseptica devel-
oped on at least two marshes in
August, 1946, causing an estimat-
ed loss of 60 barrels on the two
marshes where it was observed.

6. Soil and Water Acidity

Table 6 gives the 1945 and 1946
yields shipped from marshes hav-
ing specified acidity-ranges of soil
and water. All marshes for which
the three items were available
were first grouped into classes
having ascending pH ranges of
flooding water, without regard to
soil acidity; next, into classes hav-
ing ascending ranges of soil pH,
without regard to water pH; final-
ly, into classes in which acidity of
both soil and water were taken in-
to account. pH values were taken
from data collected by L. M. Rog-
ers and N. E. Stevens during their
many years of investigations in
Wisconsin cranberry marshes, pre-
sented by Stevens at the August
1944 meeting of the Wisconsin
Cranberry Growers' Association in
the form of a graph having pH
values of soil and of water as ab-
scissas and ordinates respectively.
Dr. Stevens has informed the writ-
er that the chart will be published
in the near future.

Yield and acreage figures were
supplied by the Wisconsin Cran-

berry Sales Company and the Mid-
west Cranberry Association. 53
of the 62 marshes represented on
Stevens' chart were included in the
membership of the two sales co-
operatives, but 7 had to be exclud-
ed from present calculations be-
cause of incomplete yield records.
The data in table 6 included the
remaining 46 marshes, comprising
1432.5 of the total 2800 acres in
Wisconsin.

With respect to pH of flooding
water, the marshes were divided
into 5 classes having pH ranges of
5.0 to 6.5 incl., 6.6 to 7.0, 7.1 to 7.5,
7.6 to 8.0, and 8.1 to 8.3. This di-
vision did not result in equal-sized
classes, either in numbers of
marshes or in acreage; it was
used primarily to bring out possi-
ble eff'ects of water in the higher
pH ranges.

Four classes were used in the
soil-pH grouping, equalized as
nearly as possible by acreage. Di-
vided in this manner, the respect-
ive classes worked out to be 3.6 to
4.5, 4.6 to 4.8, 4.9 to 5.4, and 5.5
to 6.6, incl.

In the combined soil-and-water-
pH grouping, Stevens' chart was
divided into four quadrants having
the nearest possible equal acreages
above and below a median water-
pH axis and similarly approximate
acreages left and right of a median
soil-pH axis. The respective med-
ians worked out to be pH 6.55 for
water and 4.85 for soil. Acreage
and yield relations in this grouping
are shown graphically in figure 3.

A careful study of the data in
Table 6 shows that, with a few

Harshea

pH

Number

of
Harehes

Total
Aoreage

AaroB

per

Haroh

Held In 194S

Yield In 1946

Ave. Acre
Held, 1945
and 1946.

Total
Bbls.

BblB.

per
Acre

Total
able.

Bble.

per

Acre

Grouped
by pH

of Water

5.0-6.5 Incl.

SO

767.5

38

29T75

38.8

37975

49.4

44.1

6.6-7.0 incl.

16

462

29

15151

32.8

24864

53.8

43.3

7.1-7.5 Incl.

3

93.5

31

3562

38.1

6817

72.9

55.1

7.6-8.0 Incl.

4

81.5

20

2365

20.0

3251

39.8

34.4

8.1-8.3 Incl.

3

28

9

608

21.7

675

31.2

26.4

Tot

.1.

46

1432.5

51461

73782

Ave

niRes

31

35.9

51.5

43.7

Grouped
by pH
of 3011

3.6-A.5 Incl.

11

363

33

21079

58.0

20090

55.3

56.7

4.6-4.8 Incl.

11

375

34

11140

29.7

19369

51.4

40.5

4.9-5.4 Incl.

13

365.5

28

7769

21.3

17545

48.0

34.6

5.5-6.6 Incl.

H

525

JO

11473

34.9

16878

51.3

43.1

Grouped

by

Cooblned

Soil and

Water

pH

Water 5.0-6.5 Incl.
3oll -5.6-4.8 Incl.

1-;

574.5

38

26335

45.8

29730

51.7

48.8

Water 5.8-6.5 Incl.
Soil 4.9-6.6 Incl.

5

193

39

3748

19.4

8245

42.7

31.5

Water 6.6-8.3 Incl,
Soil 3.6-4.8 incl.

7

163.5

23

5884

35.9

9629

58.8

47. «

■ater 6.6-8,3 inol.
5oll 4.9-6.6 Incl.

19

501.5

2S

15*94

30.9

26178

52.2

41.5

TABLE 6

6«

D m.

4.65-

O

I

a

h D

100 25

3.6

5.0 PH WATER

D

6S5

8.3

Fig. 3. Acreage and yield of Wisconsin Marshes in relation to pH of Soil and Water

Left-hand columns, yields per acre in 1945.

Middle columns, yields per acre in 1946.

Right-hand columns, average of 1945 and 1946 yields.

Scales indicated by small figures in center of chart:

square — 100 acres, column — 25 barrels per acre.
See table 6 and text for further explanation.

exceptions, 1945 production was
depressed below that of 1946 in
fairly equal proportions in all
classes in the three methods of
grouping. The significant excep-
tions were: 1. In the water-pH
grouping, the 7.1-7.5 class had ex-
ceptionally high yield in 1946. The
explanation probably lies in the
small number of marshes repre-
sented in the class. 2. In the soil
pH grouping, the 3.6-4.5 class had
above-average yield in 1945, slight-
ly greater than its continued high
yield in 1946. The consistently
good yield in this class would seem
to indicate actual superiority of
highly acid marshes, especially as
the relation appeared again in the
3rd grouping, where marshes with
soils of pH 3.6-4.8, irrespective of
pH of water used, gave better
average yields than those with pH
4.9-6.6. 3. In the soil-pH grouping,
the 4.9-5.4 class had more than
average depression of yield in
1945. Although not shown in the
table, all 13 marshes in this class
are situated in southern districts
(Jackson, Juneau, Monroe and
Wood Counties), where 1945 oxy-

gen-deficiency injury was most se-
vere; acreages above and below
the median water-pH axis were al-
most equal (172.5 with pH above
6.55, 193 with pH below that fig-
ure). 4. In the combined soil-
water pH grouping, the class with
water-pH 5.0-6.5 and soil-pH 4.9-
6.6, had very low yields in 1945
and lowest of the four classes in
1946. This small class of marshes
is likewise situated in the southern
districts.

The fact that 1945 yields dropped
below those of 1946 in a reasonably
constant ratio in nearly all classes
in table 6 indicates that acidity of
water and soil were not primary
factors in causing the 1945 crop
to be smaller than that of 1946.
Averages of 1945 and 1946 yields,
then, would logically be expected
to reflect yield diff'erences due to
acidity of soil and water (last col-
umn, table 6). The high average
yields on soils in the lowest acidity
group have been mentioned. Low
avrage yields on the small acreage
having water pH 7.6 to 8.3 also
probably represent a true water
effect. Otherwise, there seems to

be no evidence that the remaining
marshes have soil or water rela-
tions inimical to the production of
crops of average size. It is gener-
ally recognized in Wisconsin, how-
ever, that marshes in the higher
pH ranges of soil and water are
more difficult to manage.

Various phases of water and
soil acidity problems are discussed
in references 12, 16, 17 and 18.

Conclusions

Although one subject has been
treated at a time, as if each set of
conditions operated independently
of all others, the actual facts are
that not only were they inextric-
ably interwoven, but simultaneous
factors not considered here un-
doubtedly played important parts
in bringing about the yields the
two years. With due regard to
these limitations, it is felt that the
following conclusions are justified:

1. Water injury was the primary
cause of the short crop in 1945.

2. Cold weather, with resultant
small size of berries, was a con-
tributory factor. 3. Warm weath-
er in March did not directly affect
either crop, but indirectly was re-
sponsible for the water injury suf-
fered in 1945. 4. One effect of
water injury, poor pollination, may
be partially prevented by increas-
ing populations of pollinating in-
sects. 5. Oxygen-deficiency injury
occurred independently of the type
of flooding water used.

In the writer's view, Wisconsin's
cranberry production is determined
largly by management — if the term
is used in a broad sense to include
weed and insect and disease con-
trol; using water when needed,
avoiding its use when not needed;
fertilizing, sanding, pruning,
drainage — all the myriad day to
day operations that favor the cran-
berry plant or hinder it from giv-
ing its best performance. It is not
easy to grow cranberries in Wis-
consin; behind the majority of the
obstacles will be found the ever-
present threat of cold weather. Yet
no single marsh has been seen in
any year in which better guesses
in specific phases of management
would not have resulted in a larger
crop of berries. As knowledge
and experience are gained, guesses
are being replaced more and more

(Continued on Page 27)

Eleven

(^ditMals

ISSUE OF SEPTEMBER, 1947
VOL. 12 NO. 5

C*ff^£^

ASSOCIATIONS VALUABLE

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM. MASSACHUSETTS

WE believe the industry can be congrat-
ulated upon the fact the Cape Cod
Cranberry Growers' Association increased
in membership this past year, and that it
shows signs of becoming a stronger organ-
ization. What progress it did make during
the past year was not due to luck, but to
the determination of officers and directors
that the association must be strengthened
if it was to survive and be a factor in the
industry. It still has a long way to go in
obtaining membership of growers it should
have and in increased activities.

The industry needs these regional as-
sociations, such as the Cape Cod, the Amer-
ican Cranberry Growers of New Jersey,
the Wisconsin State, and the recently-
organized groups of the West Coast, where
all growers, without regard for their mar-
keting affiliation, can assemble and make
decisions concerning their general welfare.
They are now more necessary than ever,
with two large national co-ops and inde-
pendent distributors and processors com-
peting for markets (as they all have a per-
fect right to do under the American system
of free enterprise). They are, as Col. Fur-
long pointed out at the Cape Cod meeting,
splendid examples of American democracy.
At these meetings, as he further said, grow-
ers who market as they see fit, can and do
assemble and talk over decisions for com-
mon crop betterment. These open meet-
ings are a defense against Communism or
any other form of dictatorship. In voting
a committee to consider general cranberry
advertising at the Cape meeting, we feel
a step forward was taken. To increase
general cranberry consumption is a project
in common for all growers.

IT is not only the cranberry growers, that
is, the owners of bogs and marshes,
who make up a strong industry. It is also
the workers of the indu-stry, such as Fred
P. Hepburn of New England Cranberry
Sales, "never owning, nor expecting to own
a berry", as he said in the brief article in
this issue, who contribute much. These
"humbler" members of the cranberry-
growing family — and there are many, many
of them — deserve recognition.

Twelve

Subscription $3.00 per year
Advertising rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS

Wisconsin

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington— Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY

Cranberry Specialist

Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK

Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station

East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station

Pemberton, New Jersey

NEW YORK ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVE

THE MACFARLAND COMPANY
289 Fourth Avenue Gra. 6-2380

IT was with shocked regret that the Mas-
sachusetts cranberry industry learned
of the death of Congressman Charles L.
Gifford. Mr. Gifford had been a cranberry
gi'ower. regular attendant at cranberry
meetings; many, many times a speaker at
meetings of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers'
Association meetings, and a good friend of
the industry.

M

ASSACHUSETTS now has a state cran
berry specialist. Growers are to be
congratulated upon that, and the appoint-
ment of J. Richard Beattie, former Ply-
mouth County Agent, provides a man who
has made a reputation in the cranberry
field, and a man very well liked.

i

4

Pictorial Section

Massachusetts' Governor, Robert Bradford, guest of
honor at the Plymouth County Republican Club, August 16th,
at the bogs of Ellis D. Atwood, South Carver, declared of the
Edaville Railroad:

"Some mav think of this railroad of Mr. Atwood as a
toy". But to him he said it was a symbol of the initiative-
ness and go-ahead spirit of Atwood and the cranberry in-
dustry. "It is a striking example of free enterprise ....

Upper photo shows, left to right: Lloyd Waring, new
slate Republican Committee chairman, George C. P. Olsson,
Plymouth County Clerk of Courts and chairman of Plymouth

C'>unty Republican Club committee; Gov. Bradford and John
Ames of the Governor's council. They are on the observa-
tion platform of the "Governor Bradford" special. Lower
photo: the Governor is seen with Mr. Atwood and the con-
ductor of the train before boarding for the five-mile ride
around the bogs. Governor Bradford is only one of many
thousands who have enjoyed riding around the bogs this sum-
mer, and, it may be assumed, carrying away a memorable
and favorable impression of the cranberry industry.

(Photos David Eldredge).

Thirteen

Fourteen

Col. Furlong, who gave
principal address at Cape
growers' meeting.

Below:

George E. Short, left, re-
tiring president, wishes his
successor, Russell Make-
peace, the best of luck.

Fifteen

A. V. Anderson and Mrs. Ander-
son 01 Grayland, Washington, are
shown with Dr. H. J. Franklin at
Massachusetts State Bog, East
Wareham, the Andersons having-
just returned from a flying trip to
Sweden. Mr. and Mrs. Anderson
on this trip were two of a party
of 16 cranberry growers of Gray-
land, who made the entire journey
from the Pacific Coast to their
Scandinavian homelands by air
flying to Seattle, Seattle to New
York, New York to Stockholm, and
reversing the trip on the way
home.

This was the first return visit
for most of the party in many
years, for the Andersons in more
than 40. They had all come to this
country by slower boat and to the
West Coast by rail. Most of the
party went directly to Grayland
from New York, but the Andersons
visited their niece and husband,
Mr. and Mrs. Walter R. Anderson,
of Auburn, Mass., and then made
a brief tour of points of interest
in the Massachusetts cranberry
area.

HARVEST TIME IS HERE..

Screenhouse Equipment is needed.

Equipment needed for Fall:
Pumps Sanding Wheelbarrows

Bog Tools

HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO.

E. C. St. .Jacques

WAREHAM, MASS.

Sixteen

Washington
Field Day

Long Beach, Washington — The

Field Day which was held August
8th at the Cranberry-Blueberry
Laboratory attracted more than
150 enthusiastic growers and their
friends to the Experiment Station
at 10 a. m.

D. J. Crowley, Superintendent of
the station, explained some of the
work which he is carrying on at
the Laboratory befoi-e a shower
di-ove the group to the Grange
Hall. He continued his talk there
and was followed by Dr. J. H.
Clarke, who talked about the work
being done at Cranguyma Farms.

Much credit is due Mrs. B. B.
Saunders and her committee for
serving a delicious baked salmon
dinner in the Grange dining room
at noon. The dinner was furnished
by the Long Beach Cranberry Club.

Attorney John H. Binns of Ta-
coma, regent of Washington State
College, and Dr. J. W. Kalkus,

Superintendent of the Western
Washington Experiment Station at
Pugallup and Assistant Director of
the State Experiment Stations,
were introduced and spoke to the
growers.

Visit "Cranguyma"

About a hundred people drove to
Cranguyma Farms, where they
watched sanding operations and
the sprinklers at work. The next
stop was at the Chabot and New-
kirk bog, where clearing by ma-
chinery was in progress. Many
growers later drove to the Blair
Brothers bog, where they watched
the giant sprinklers in operation.
Grayland Cranberry Tour

Over 35 Long Beach cranberry
growers diove to Grayland on
August 9th to attend the cranberry
tour there. All of them stopped at
the cannery of he National Cran-
berry Association at Markham and
were shown through the plant. The
frozen berries were washed in
warm water, taken through the
huge stainless steel cookers where
sugar was added by the hundred

pounds, and finally emptied into
the small cans and sealed. Strained
cranberry sauce was in the proc-
ess of being prepared Saturday
morning.

At noon over 250 cranberry peo-
ple met in the Community Hall,
where a salmon dinner, with ice-
cream and cake for dessert, was
served by the Grayland ladies.

While the group were gathered
for dinner, Nolan Servoss, Assist-
ant County Agent in charge of
Cranberries, acted as master of
ceremonies. Mr. Crowley was in-
troduced and gave a brief history
of the cranberry industry in Wash-
ington, from a few discouraged
growers In 1920 to the thriving
industry today. Dr. Clarke of
Cranguyma Farms spoke briefly on
cranberries. He was followed by
W. S. Jacobson, Western Manager
for the National Cranberry Asso-
ciation. He stated that the busi-
ness of the National Cranberry
Association in Washington in 1946
was about nine times that of 1942.

SKINNER* Pioneer and leader in irrigation

SKINNER controlled irrigation
waters large areas uniformly—

The SKINNER Controlled Power Sprinkler Is
specially designed for high water pressures and
large volumes. A fine, effective sprinkler for
large coverage where slow rotation Is required.

SKINNER Irrigation Engineers, through a bock-
ground of long experience, hove developed the
Super Utility Sprinkler. Primorily used for water-
ing sturdy, liberally rooted crops, its high volume
and maximum coverage give excellent irrigotion.
These sprinkler heods may be added to your
present system to increase the effectiveness of
controlled watering and bring bigger and bet-
ter yields consistently. You con depend on
SKINNER for performance and dependobility.

The Skinner Irrigation Company

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KINNER

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n
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Seventeen

H. A. SUDDARD

Your FORD Dealer

Route 28 Wareham, Mass.

Its

ouf

mattocks roUingi
b„s.ness.« Gen-

The guest speaker of the day
was Congressman Russell V. Mack
of Hoquiam. He has long been a
cranberry booster and gave an in-
teresting talk. He stated that the
people of Washington, D. C, were
very poorly informed about our
great state of Washington.

Floyd Svinth, County Agent of
Grays Harber County, represented
the Extension Service and gave a
short talk, as did Helmar Basso,
County Agent of Pacific County.

The Grayland Tour came to its
conclusion in the evening with a
big dance held in the Community
Hall.

ACE Directors
In Wisconsin

What might well be called Wis-
consin Rapids' "Cranberry Week"
was the week of August 3rd, with
the first Wisconsin meeting of the
directors of the American Cran-
berry Exchange on the 7th, the
meeting of the Wisconsin Cran-
berry Sales Company on the 8th,
and the annual meeting of Wiscon-
sin State Cranberry Growers' As-

sociation climaxing on the 9th.

Theodore H. Budd, Pemberton,
New Jersey, presided at the meet-
ing of the directors on the 7th.
The meeting considered matters
relating to the allocation of the
1947 crop of member growers and
business relating to general oper-
ations of the national co-operative.
Directors had luncheon with direc-
tors of the Wisconsin Sales Co.
that noon.

Ofiicers of the Exchange who
attended in addition to Mr. Budd
were: C. M. Chaney, executive vice
president and general manager, E.
Clyde McGrew, treasurer and as-
sistant general manager, and Les-
ter F. Haines, assistant sales man-
ager.

Directors attending included
Edward L. Bartholomew, Ware-
ham, Mass.; Arthur D. Benson,
Middleboro, Mass.; Bernard C. Bra-
zeau, Wisconsin Rapids; George
Briggs, Plymouth, Mass.; George
A. Cowen, Middleboro, Mass.; Har-
old S. DeLong, Mather, Wis.; Ho-
mer L. Gibbs, West Wareham,
Mass.; Vernon Goldsworthy, Wis-
consin Rapids; Robert C. Ham-

The

SEMPOS FLOAT BOAT

( Patent app. for)

MR. CRANBERRY-GROWER:

You want a maximum return for your 1947 crop.

You can't get a maximum return without full recovery of your
floats.

You can't get a full recovery of your floats without a SEMPOS
FLOAT BOAT.

The SEMPOS FLOAT BOAT approximately doubles recovery of
floats; cleans the bog while it works; will NOT in.iure bog or
vines.

The SEMPOS FLOAT BOAT is jet-propelled, uses jet agitation,
and carries the operator.

Inquire about our Lease Arrangement that means Increased

Profits for You

Sempos Products Company

MANUFACTURERS AND FLOAT CONTRACTORS
Box 36 Tel. Wareham 1030 East Wareham, Mass.

Eiffhteen

mond, East Wareham, Mass.;
James D. Holman, Lakewood, N.
J.; Craige M. Scott, Wisconsin
Rapids, and George E. Short, Ply-
mouth, Mass.

The following day the directors
met with a large gathering of
members of the Sales Company,
this meeting being at the Bull's
Eye Country Club. Visiting offic-
ials addressed the Wisconsin mem-
bers on progress made in the past
year, and indicated that the Ex-
change had been strengthened in
all fields of operations.

ducing, and that there are 49 grow-
ers.

Grayland has 322 acres in pro-
duction, 110 yet to reach the yield-
ing stage. There are 317 growers.

In the North Beach area, north
of Hoquiam there are 15 growers
who own 16% acres in production
and are bringing in 12 V2 acres of
new bog.

moderately favorable for the de-
velopment of the 1947 cranberry
crop. During the spring months
frequent flooding was necessary

(Continued on Pase 20, Col. 2)

Washing-ton
Cranberry Survey
Is Completed

January issue of CRANBER-
ries reported a survey for Oregon
which showed there were 174 acres
producing in that state; there were
96 acres planted, but not in produc-
tion, with 166 additional acres to
be planted shortly.

Nolan Servoss, assistant County
Agent of Pacific County, Washing-
ton, who has charge of cranberry
operations, has completed his sur-
vey of the Washington cranberry
industry.

He found that Long Beach now
has 300 acres of cranberry bog in
production, 32 Vz acres not yet pro-

MASSACHUSETTS

Following is the N. E. Crop Re-
porting estimate of August 20th
for Massachusetts:

The Massachusetts cranberry
crop is estimated at 505,000 bar-
rels— 9 per cent less than the 553,-
000 barrels harvested in 1946, but
19 per cent above the 1936-45
average crop of 424,900 barrels.
Weather conditions have been

STOPf

guessing;

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IRRIGATION

WITH A

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INCREASE PROFITS WITH
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^BETTER QUALITY

t^

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IRRIGATION ENGINEERING CO.

RIVERSIDE CALIFORNIA

Post Offfcs-Box 371

The Hardie Mfg. Company

Los Angeles H, Calif. Hudson, Mich. Portland 9, Ore.

Export Dept, Detroit 26, Mich.

Canadian Office, C. W. Lewis, Grimsby, Ont.

Bog Sprayers
in many models

Whatever your spi'aying problem
may be Hardie builds a high pres-
sure sprayer that will meet your
need efficiently and economically.
Tractor trailers, with and without
engine, portables and straight
frame sprayers for motor truck
are available in many sizes, deliv-
ering from 4 to 80 gallons per min-
ute. Write for Catalog.

Hardie straight framel
sprayers are very popular
because they can be placed
on any motor truck and
speedily transported and
used where needed.

^ Dependable Sprayers

Nineteen

Western Pickers, Inc.
Discusses Bog Floors

Now that the first successful
tests of the Western Picker has
been made in Massachusetts, sev-
eral points relating to successful
picking should be enlarged upon.

First — Since only twenty-five
pickers are available this year it
follows that not every application
for picking can be taken care of
immediately. Therefore, the fol-
lowing plan has been evolved for
Massachusetts only. This state has
been divided into nine districts and
definite machines allotted to each
district. Then, some time during
the picking season, each grower
can see the picker in operation on
conditions that nearly resemble his
own.

Second — The matter of costs.
Not having any history to go by
and knowing that during the first
year many non-repeating costs
such as demonstrations, trucking,
frequent moving, the price was
based on a barrel basis of 90 cents
without an operator and $1.05 with
operator.

Which brings up the next point.
So far as possible Western Pickers,
Inc., desires that growers them-
selves operate the picker on their
own bogs. They alone know what
is required and certainly they would
be better able to direct future pick-
ing operations if they were famil-
iar with the actual mechanics of
the machine.

Particularly is this true when he
observes and notes the uneven-
ness of his bog bottom and even-
tually realizes that his ultimate
picking success is nearly inversely
proportional to the number of hol-
lows in his bog floor.

One last word of caution — Don't
be misled into believing this is a
perfect picker. It is not automatic
— it needs able human guidance. It
is still an experimental machine
and is still being improved and
adjusted to definite conditions.
Certainly some mechanical defic-
iencies will appear as the season
advances, but if and when they do
Western Pickers and NCA will do
their best to foresee and correct it.

(Advt.)

(Continued from Page 19)

for frost protection. Water sup-
plies were generally adequate for
flooding. A hail storm on June 19
over the Carver area caused se-
vere damage on a few bogs. Grow-
ers report that the moderate bloom
has been followed by a near-aver-
age set of fruit. Berries are show-
ing very good size. Fruit worm
appears to be causing somewhat
more damage than during each of
the previous two years, although
losses from this cause are not ex-
pected to be large.

According to reports from grow-
ers. Early Blacks are expected to
account for 54 per cent of the crop
as compai'ed to 59 per cent last
year and a 1941-45 average of 56
per cent. Howes are expected to
be 41 per cent of the total. Last
year Howes made up 37 per cent
of the crop and on an average
comprise 38 per cent of the crop.
Indicated production in Massachu-
setts is one of the largest on i-ec-
ord. Larger crops occurred in
1946, 1942, 1937 and 1933 when
553,000, 572,000, 565,000, and 506,-
000 barrels respectively were har-
vested.

August Hot, Humid

August was a terribly dry month
with many days of high temper-
atures. Temperatures up to the
15th were high, readings of 89 be-
ing recorded at the State Bog.
The heat was accompanied by high
humidity, making very uncomfort-
able weather. This heat wave was
broken for the cranberry area by
a cold front and rain on the 16th.
Up to that time there had been
only .06 inches of rainfall. On
that day .83 was recorded for that
rain, and to that amount of rain-
fall the crop was definitely bene-
fitted.

Rainfall Only 1.11 Inches

A second heat wave ended Aug-
ust 26th, this bringing record
highs, 95 being recorded in Boston
for the hottest August 25th in the
records of the Weather Bureau —
so hot was it, in fact, that as a

stunt an egg was actually fried on
the sidewalk. The heat, or prob-
ably more accurately, the contin-
ued lack of rain, did the berries no
good in sizing and maturing. The
drop in temperatures the after-
noon of the 26th was sudden and
accompanied by showers and, in
some Massachusetts areas, severe
thunder showers. Cloudy, cooler
weather followed.

August ended with but a total
of 1.11 inches of rainfall. Berries
were suffering from the deficiency
and were not coloring as much as
hoped for as September began.
Lack of rainfall also had reser-
voirs generally down, which was
not a cheerful prospect for any
September frosts which may be in
the making. The size of berries
was not increasing as much as had
been expected, some growers re-
ported. There was some bottom
rot, or scald.

NEW JERSEY

BULLDOZER
FOR HIRE

F. W. LeBARON

West Wareham 48-M3

New Jersey Crop Reporting Ser-
vice releases the following concern-
ing the Jersey crop:

Based on reports from 114 cran-
berry growers from all producing
sections of the state, the prelim-
inary estimate of production for
the 1947 crop is placed at 93,000
barrels — 8 per cent below the 1946
crop of 101,000 barrels, but 11 per-
cent above average. Bogs gener-
ally came through the winter with
a minimum amount of winter-kill,
reported at about 4 per cent.
Spring frost damage this year was
reported slightly higher than us-
ual— averaging approximately 13
per cent. This was attributed
largely to injury sustained from
frost on May 8, 9, and 10, and the
cold snap on Declaration day when
the temperature dropped as low as
30 degrees in some bogs. Most
growers reported a moderate to
heavy bloom, but continuous show-
ers and rains during the period
July 4-22, right at the peak of the
bloom, resulted in unfavorable con-
ditions for proper pollination.
Following this pei'iod, beginning
July 23, the weather turned warm
and hot, creating a humid atmos-
pheric condition favorable for fun-
gus growth and development. At
the time of the survey, August 1,
many growers were apprehensive

Twenty

of the extent of rot damage, but
continued clear and open weather
the first half of August was begin-
ning to clear this up somewhat.
The set of fruit averaged about
normal, and the reported insect
damage was considerably lighter
than last season, although a few
growers reported some fire-worm
damage.

The survey of prospective pro-
duction for 1947 by varieties shows
the following: About 45 per cent
of the total crop will be Early
Blacks, about 34 per cent Howes,
about 12 per cent Jerseys, and the
remaining 9 per cent classified as
"all others."

Rainfall Satisfactory

August has been moderately
favorable for the cranberry crop in
regards to rainfall. The total at
Pemberton through the 27th was
3.71 inches, which is 1.07 inches be-
low normal for the month.

Temperature Normal

The average daily mean temper-
ature through the 26th was 74.5
degrees or almost exactly normal.
From the 12th through the 16th
and again from the 23rd through

the 26th very hot and humid
weather prevailed, with temper-
atures ranging from the high 80's
to low 90's. August 15th was the
hottest day of the season when the

temperature reached 94 degrees at
the Pemberton Laboratory.
Too Much Rot
This hot, humid weather has
been all too favorable for the

Colley

Cranberry

Company

Plymouth, Mass.

Office
17 Court Street

Telephone
Plymouth 1622

- (-^/•/r^j_--'-,c<s>>

,4

Prevenfs MandTemitesf

^ Saves Costly Repairs
and Renewals

WHERE

THERE IS CUPROLICNUM

THERE IS NO ROT

PROTECTS CANVAS, NETS, ROPES AND WOOD

Protect Your Flumes and Gates

New England Representative

ROBERT S. CHASE

195 Marlboro Street

Boston 16, Mass.

Twenty-one

IRRIGATION

EQUIPMENT
and SUPPLIES

MANUFACTURER'S

DISTRIBUTOR

OF

FLEXOSEAL

Pressure tight — Lightweight

PORTABLE PIPE

8"x20' lengths $27.50

6"x20' lengths 20.46

4"x20' lengths 16.40

3"x20' lengths 11.35

•

SPRINKLER HEADS

SUCTION HOSE

DISCHARGE FITTINGS

ENGINE
PUMPING UNITS

We have

available

a

large quantity of

0

c.

U

Chryslei

Pumping

Units

Skids,

Trailers,

Front Mounts 1

Giant Portable Heads

for

Vegetables

Potatoes — Field Crops

Cranberries

Through experience gained in act-
ual operation of many miles of Flex-
0-SeaI Pipe and all types of rotary
Sprinkler Heads on our own Cape Cod
Farm and from experience in setting
up installations on most of the large
rotary sprinkler type irrigation sys-
tems in New England on tobacco, po-
tato, vegetable and cranberry layouts,
we feel qualified to engineer your ir-
rigation requiremnts.

Visitors Invited to

Irrigation Division

VEG-ACRE-FARM

Forestdale (Cape Cod) Mass.
Phone Osterville 719

LITERATURE - PRICES

LAYOUTS - ESTIMATES

FREE ON REQUEST

growth of the fiuit rot fungi. Many
bogs have rotted badly in spite of
all efforts at control. If New Jer-
sey falls below the 93,000 barrel
estimate, fruit rots will be largely
to blame.

WISCONSIN

Gov't Report

Government estimates as con-
cerns the Wisconsin crop, as of the
19th, by N. E. Crop Reporting Ser-
vice was: "In Wisconsin bogs are
a week behind the normal progress
at this time of the year, but fruit
is sizing well.

Cub Dusting

Airplane dusting with Piper
Cubs has been tried out in Wiscon-
sin on approximately 300 acres of
marsh belonging to members of
the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales
Company, with 5 per cent DDT
dust being used. The insects which
the growers were trying to control
were blackheaded fireworm and the
bluntnosed leafhopper. The second
brood of fireworm proved serious
on some of the marshes, and in
some instances did quite a bit of
damage.

Fruitworm does not seem to be
too active this season. There were

(Continued on Page 24)

Rain When You Want It
RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS

For Cranberry Frost Proteclion and Irrigation

Rain Bird Sprinkling systems do the job you want

them to do, when you want it. All working parts are

accessible and fool proof. Oscillator arm breaks up

stream to give maximum benefit.

Consult Rain Bird engineering department for advice

on your irrigation problems.

For complete information on Rain Bird Sprinkling

Systems, write,

For the East and Midwest

L. R. NELSON MFG. CO.
Peoria, Illinois

* * «

JOSEPH BRECK 4 SONS
85 State Street
Boston, Mass.

On the Pacific Coast

R. M. WADE and CO.
Portland, Oregon

« • •

OREGON CULVERT CO.
Portland, Oregon

IRRIGATION DIVISION

VEGACRE FARM

Forestdale (Cape Cod) Mass.

RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CO.

GLENDORA, CALIF.

Twenty-two

The two young brothers from Framingham, Mass., who
established the Dromedary business in 1871, prospered by
giving better value to both supplier and consumer.

Avoiding all mergers, they competed as independents, as
we do today. Over the years we have bought berries at
prices which have averaged more profit to our grower
friends.

And to the American consumer Dromedary is a famous
name in foods. Dromedary Cranberry Sauce strengthens
the cranberry business for all growers.

THE HILLS BROTHERS COMPANY
Peter A. LeSage, Agent

Plymouth, Tel. 740

Tel. Barnstable 107

Call

JL eter ifV* -Li e 1^

age

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 740

"KEEP SMILING"

Peter A. LeSage ^^„„„„,„

Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries Tei. Barnstable i07

Twenty-three

WISCONSIN

(Continued from Page 22)

isolated cases, but the damage has
not been great.

During the latter part of July
and into mid-August the water
supply became rather low, due to
extreme hot weather. Thermom-
eters registered 108 on the marsh-
es, not for just one day, but for
three or four days in a row. There
was some blasting of berries, both
the blossoms and the small berries
that were starting to grow.

The frost damage of July does

not seem to have been as serious
as at first believed, according to
C. D. Hammond, Jr. Marshes
which were hit earlier in the sea-
son came along well. Not in all

cases, but in most. Some marshes
which earlier in the season had
apparently suffered a 25-35 per
cent damage now seem only to
have been injured from 5 to 10%.

We Have Listing of
Cranberry Bogs, large or small

FOR SALE
Geo. A. Cole Agency

WILDA HANEY

Decas Block

Wareham, Massachusetts

LLOYD M. HENDRICK

Registered Architect

Architect-Engineer

Public, Commercial and

Domestic Work

BAKER BLDG. BUZZARDS BAY

AND POCASSET, MASS.

ARE YOU SURE?

Why not let us make a survey of your insurance
without charge, to make sure that you are
fully protected?

For more than 20 years, Mr. Eben A. Thacher,
of this firm, has provided specialized insurance
service to meet the needs of cranberry growers.
He will be glad to discuss a survey of your
requirements and present coverage.

Brewer & Lord

INSURANCE
65 Batterymarch Street, Boston

Telephone: Hancock 0830

Balanced
Distribution

is assured cranberry growers through participating in this demo-
cratic membership cooperative, whose directors, elected by Australian
ballot — truly accomplish grower control of the disposition of their crops.

All members market their cranberries one-hundred per cent

through the Sales Agency, thus placing it in the best position possible to
direct the distribution of fresh and processed cranberries.

Forty years of marketing experience by this agency is available to
cranberry growers becoming members.

This experience will prove invaluable in directing the distribution
of the coming crop.

New England Cranberry Sales Co.

9 Station St.

Middleboro, Mass.

Twenty-four

Fred P. Hepburn Completes 20th

and Busiest Year With NECSCO

By CLARENCE J. HALL

New England Cranberry Sales
Company this year did its biggest
job to date in fruitworm control
for grower-members — in egg count
and then in control — Frederick P.
Hepburn, foreman of the Tremont
packing house, asserting: "I have
never before seen anything like
this summer for requests for egg
counts by the growers." We took
more than 500 samples, represent-
ing at least 135 growers, and oth-
er counts were made at the bogs.

"This year fruitworm infesta-
tion was second only to 1944", he
says, "and besides the eagerness
of the growers to have accurate
egg counts made, they were never
so ready to follow instructions in
control.

"In assisting growers, we used
the 'copter straight-wing plane
and ground dusting and spraying-
crews. Besides the amount of in-
sect control we did from the air,
we actually did more ground dust-
ing and spraying than in any
previous year. We had two dust-
ing crews and two spray crews,
and a third dusting outfit to use
in emergencies."

One reason Hepburn assigns
for the greatly increased service

program of NECSCO this summer
is that the co-operative is now
supplying a complete operation
service to more bogs than previ-
ously. This service includes all
operations from frost protection,
packing and marketing. About
250 acres are now so being han-
dled, representing approximately
15 owners, the bogs in bcation
ranging from Kingston to Bourne.

In addition to this having been
his busiest summer, it also marked
another event for Hepburn — that
of having rounded out 20 years on
July 22, of service with the New
England Sales. So rushed up dur-
ing the height of the fruitworm
season was he that his fellow
workers at the plant are still
chuckling over one incident of the
season. That was the morning
when Hepburn appeared for work
wearing two neckties. In his
haste to be on the job, he had put
on one tie, then placed another
over it and dashed off to work.
He was not aware that he was
"doubly-tied" until others began to
laugh. Then Hepburn enjoyed the
laugh at his own expense.

However, that was but a single
lighter moment in a year of inten-
sive work, Hepburn providing ex-

NEW SAND PLANT NOW

Last winter, in anticipation of your needs, I ordered a sand dig-
ging, screening and loading plant. It is now ready for shipment.
There is a Sauerman drag scraper; Sauerman hoist with extra spools
for car-moving or power shift; Austin-Western plate feeder, 40-ft.
belt and shaking screen. All powered by two Wisconsin VF-4 air-
cooled engines. Here is a complete sand plant for half the cost of a
power shovel alone. Capaacity about 30 yards an hour. Who gets it?

North Carver, Mass. RUSSELL A. TRUFANT Phone Carver 64-11

Bog Railroads Prefabricated Flumes Hydraulic Consultant

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

17 Court St.
Plymouth, Mass.

BOG MANAGEMENT

Tels: Plymouth 1622
Kingston 319

If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will
pay you to see us.

A number of properties available, more wanted.

tremely valuable service through
his proficiency in making the egg
counts and in making control rec-
ommendations. He, in turn, kept
in close touch with Dr. Franklin
and others at the Experiment Sta-

JARI POWER SCYTHE

Cuts weeds, grass, brush

Write for details

CALCO
Rainmaker

Portable Steel Pipe

Milorganite

Organic 6% Nitrogen Fertilizer

BimR IRRIGATION

"^ "" \ With

IISS
WATER

t»T Farm, Or
and quickly
HMvy duty
far long tervJ
ttr lubricoltdl
qutrtd. N*
WMr cut. Mj
button.

ird or Truck Gard*n. Easily

Inted en any irrigation p4>*.

Ill and broni* conitrurtton

Sand and dirl proof. W«-

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num wvorogo— ovoM aMrl-

A BUCKNEft MANUFACTURING CO.^s
16IB BUcksteoa Avs., Fro*—. ColHor"!*

BUCKNER SPRINKLERS

1121 WASHINGTON STREET
WEST NEWTON 66. MASS.

Twenty-five

tion in providing the propel- ad-
vice.

Hepburn began working for New
England Sales as a carpenter and
has filled every job at the packing
house except that of laborer. He
was made foreman about ten
years ago. Still working under
the supervision of Raymond Morse,
who is superintendent of field op-
erations and sereenhouses, he has
complete charge of the Tremont
house. At its highest peak yet
(1942) a total of 26,383 barrels
were packed there, and in fact,
the average for the past three
years, excepting 1944, has run
about 26,000 barrels.

During the harvest season about
a dozen men, besides truck crews,
work under his supervision, as do
10 women screeners. As large a
number of employes, including
Sanders and weeders on the bogs.

Continental Red Seal
Industrial Engines

J. M. HACKETT

No.

Hanover, Mass.

Tel. Rockland 1864

as 110, have worked out of the
Tremont packing house.

He is very much interested in
his cranberry occupation and says
of his employing company there
could be no finer people to work

England Cranberry Sales Com-
pany.

"I like cranberry work very,
very much", Hepburn says, "al-
though I never owned a berry in
my life, and don't expect to". Al-

for than the management of New though not a grower, he is inter- •

BOLENS GARDEN TRACTORS

(WITH SICKLE BAR ATTACHMENT)

ROTOTILLERS
ENGINE DRIVEN GENERATORS

FOR EMERGENCY AND ALL TYPES OF APPLICATIONS

BRIGGS & STRATTON ENGINES

PORTABLE PUMPS

POWER MOWER EQUIPMENT

Complete Mechanical Service

INDUSTRIAL ENGINES— from Vz H. P. to 100 H. P.

Alan Painten Company

Established 1922

Hanover, Mass. Tel. Hanover 334

We are "All Set" to serve Massachusetts Growers

* WITH ANY JOB OF BOG RENOVATION.

* NEW BOG CONSTRUCTION

* BOG MAINTENANCE

We have Power Shovels (3) ; Tractor Bulldozers (3) ; Cranes, Scrapers, 90-
Yard Screener; Power Winches, Draggers: Road Grader — 30 competent Oper-
ators and employes— AND THE NECESSARY EXPERIENCE AND KNOW-
HOW.

E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Pranconia Service Station

Freight Transportation (including cranberries
in season). Heavy equipment hauling.
Tel. 227

Franconia Coal Co.

Water-White Kerosene for Weed Control this
spring.

Tel. 39-R

Tires, Tubes, Batteries, Auto and Truck Re-
pairing and Greasing. Jenney Gasoline and
Motor Oils.

Distributors for
MACK and INTERNATIONAL TRUCKS

Tel. 39-R

GAULT CONSTRUCTION COMPANY

"EDDIE" T. GAULT, JR.

Main St., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. 227

i

Twenty-six

Prior to going to work for the
Sales Company, Mr. Hepburn was
employed for a time by John J.
Beaton as screenhouse foreman.
His father, Finley F. Hepburn, for
years was foreman of the steel
mill of the Tremont Nail Company
and Fred worked under his father
until the mill was closed down.
He then turned to carpentry, but,
as he says, "drifted" into cranber-
ry work.

ested enough to be a member of
the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers'
Association and of the Southeast-
ern Massachusetts Cranberry
Club.

(H) Farrar, C. L. and Bain, H. F.
Honeybees as pollinators of
the cranberry. Cranberries

(5) Franklin, H. J. and Stevens,
N. E. Weather and Water as
factors in cranberry produc-

tion. Mass. Agr. Exp. Sta.
Bui. 433. June 1946.
(6) Goldsworthy, V. In Fresh
from the fields, Wisconsin.
Cranberries 9, No. 10, p. 2.
Feb. 1945.

Bain

(Continued from Page 11)

by certainties. For this I'eason
the writer is confident that Wis-
consin's 20-year upward trend in
per-acre production has not yet
reached its peak.

LITERATURE CITED

(1) Bain, H. F. Blooming and
fruiting habits of the cran-
berry in Wisconsin. Cran-
berries 10, No. 9:11 ,14. Jan.
1946.

THOMAS BROTHERS
General Contractors

MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

. Tel. Middleboro 772

Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells
Transit Mix Concrete

Complete Line of Construction Equipment
Excavating - Grading - Hauling

Leave the Tough Jobs for Us
Our Experience is Your Guarantee

StoKelys/

FINEST

HARVEST is beginning . . .

YOU can lessen your worries during this busy season
by knowing your processing berries will be given a
top deal.

YOU can have this assurance, if you turn this portion
of your crop — whatever this may be — to STOKELY.
This applies equally to growers in Massachusetts, New
Jersey or Wisconsin because in each of these areas
STOKELY has modern canning plants, the experience
and the desire to give you the best possible service
promptness and returns.

STOKELY has 69 modern plants throughout the
United States and Canada. STOKELY has the selling
organization to dispose of its products, not only in all
domestic markets, but through foreign outlets. STOKE-
LY reputation, enhanced by consistent naational advertising throughout the year,
is your protection.

J^BERRY SAU5I

STOKELY FOODS, Inc

A Subsidiary of

STOKELY-VAN CAMP, INC.

INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA

Twenty -seven

(7) Goldsworthy, V. In Fresh
from the fields, Wisconsin.
Cranberries 10, No. 7, p. 16.
Nov. 1945.

(11) Hall, C. J. Fresh from the
fields, Wisconsin. Cranber-
ries 10, No. 2, p. 16. June
1945.

(12 Hull, H. H. and Stevens, N. E.
Changes in pH and in base-
exchange properties of cran-
berry soils following the use
of alkaline water. Soil Sci-
ence 58, No. 5:405-408. Nov.
1944.

(16) Stevens, N. E. Flooding water
used on Cape Cod. Cranber-
ries 10, No. 6, p. 7. Oct. 1945.

(17) Stevens, N. E. and Thompson
N. F. Factors influencing in-
jury to cranberry plants dur-
ing flooding. Trans. Wis.
Acad. Sci. 34:73-81. 1942.

(18) Stevens, N. E., Rog'ers, L. M.
and Bain, H. F. Alkaline
flooding water in cranberry

# Positive action, multi-
pit disc dutdi.

^ Full sized ^t'ctectrlc
■Hoy iteel tifMt.

ARIEN5 COMPANY • BRIUI0N.WI5.

growing. Trans. Wis. AcadJ
Sci. Arts and Let. 32:351-360J
1940.

AUTUMN and Harvest

ELECTRICITY is your ready and

economical servant.

Plymouth County Electric Co.

WAREHAM

Tel. 200

PLYMOUTH
Tel. 1300

V-

WHY

BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY for the distribution
of the 1947 crop?

Because

Beaton's Distributing Agency has pioneered in new meth-
ods of marketing, such as the half and quarter bbl. box, and
last fall, a new type of container complete with cellophane
bags, with recipes to be prepared at the retail level.

Because

Beaton's Distributing Agency offers a market for all your
berries, both fresh and processed.

Becavise

Beaton's Distributing Agency is a growers' organization
with the best interests of the industry at heart.

BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY
Cape Cod Cranberries

WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS

Telephone Wareham

970
130

t

Twenty-eight

Lefs Look at the Record!

Facts speak for themselves — and for us.

Your neighbor who delivered his Cranberries to
Minot can tell you those facts . .

Ask him about . . .

• The Amount of His Advance
Payment from Minot

• Tlie Total Per Barrel Received
from Minot

• The Promptness of Payments
from Minot

We will let our performance
speak for itself

MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS INC.

BRIDGETON NEW JERSEY

* Represented by

BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY

WAREHAM, MASS.

Cranberries are Best
When They're Fresh

That's right — and we are playing it up in
our 1947 consumer advertising — cranberries
are best when they're fresh. They are tasty,
economical, and easy to prepare as a cup of
coffee.

Home-made cranberry sauce is more than
a habit, it is an American tradition. And
when housewives think of — and buy — fresh
cranberries, they naturally look for the well-
known brand, E ATM OR.

We invite growers who are proud of their
cranberries to join us in shipping on the
fresh fruit market under our famous EAT-
MOR label. Our members also receive the
benefit of our sales to and cooperative con-
tracts with processors.

The American Cranberry Exchange, Inc.

U. S. Dept. of Agriculture Li:. No. 1

The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative

CHICAGO NEW YORK

RVINC A $12,000,000 A YEAR INDUblKY

:ape cod
new jersey
wisconsin

OREGON
WASHINGTON

30 Cents

October, 1947

Massacliusetts' L. B. Handy and his dog, "Rube".

(CRANBERRIES I'HCr

*■■*•

LOYALTY...

Amidst these changing times, it is indeed gratifying
to know that many of our growers have been associat-
ed with us for over half of a century Most of them,

over 25 years. Loyalty, in member, customer or
friend, is a priceless asset. Our constant aim is to
merit it.

Growers Cranberry Company, Inc.

PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY

AN ACCUMULATION
OF CONFIDENCE

Is what the WISCONSIN CRANBERRY SALES COMPANY has built
up over the years, and of which it is justly proud.

The confidence of our grower members in the integrity, the pro-
gressiveness and the ability of their co-operative is the envied accumu-
lation of years of fair dealing and alertness to members' best interests.

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

A True Cooperative — One Member, One Vote

''Chicken 'n Cranberry'' Campaign
Boosts O^^eanJ^a^ Sales 725% !

In September, Ocean Spray launched a national advertising cam"ai3-n to make
cranberry sauce as popular with chicken as it is with turkey. Ocean Spray brokers
arranged displays like this, taken in one of the Ma^'fair super markets in Los Angeles
on September 4.

Ocean Spray was displayed on the meat counter, in the grocery department, and
beside freezer boxes where frozen chicken is sold. Chicken 'n Cranberry recipes pub-
lished by NCA were passed out to customers.

At the end of the third day. the store manager added up his sales. Ocean Spray
sales had increased 72.5'y, and chicken sales had increased 85^y!

Said Mayfair's store manager to Ocean Spray's Los Angeles representati\e, "You
can come back with this promotion any time. It builds sales!"

What does this mean to cranberry growers? That Ocean Spray is bjilding great-
er demand for cranberry sauce . . . that it is showing distributors how to make more
money on Ocean Spray .... that by winning consumer support and dealer cooperation
it is assuring you an e.\panding market for your increasing crops.

BUILD A MARKET as fast as you BUILD BOGS
Join the 102.5 growers who are doing this job through NCA

National Cranberry Association

The Growers' Cooperative

Hanson, Massachusetts
Onset, Massachusetts
Plymouth, Massachusetts

Branches at:

North Harwich, Massachusetts
Dennis, Massachusetts
Bordentown, New Jersey
North Chicago, Illinois

Coquille, Oregon
Markham, Washington
Long Beach, Washington

DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREHAM 162

S. C. M. Packard & Go.

Hardware — Locksmiths
For Maintenance Supplies

The

PLYMOUTH

NATIONAL BANK

Plymouth
Massachusetts

Member Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation

Marinette &
Menominee Box Co.

Marinette, Wisconsin

BOXES. BOX SHOOKS, CRATING
WIREBOUND BOXES AND ORATES

M & M's 64th Year

Serving the Wisconsin
Cranberry Growers

Extensive Experience in

ELECTRICAL WORK

At Sere en bout as, Bofs and
Pumps Means Satisfaction

ALFRED PAPPI

WAREHAM. MASS. T«l. 624

Serving

Western Cranberry

Growers

with

High Quality Products

Rotenone

Pyrethrum

DDT Sprays & Dusts

Nicotine

Copper Sprays

Oil Sprays

Lime Sulphur Solution

MILLER PRODUCTS d

PORTLRNQ 1. OREQON

Attention
Cranberry
Growers ! !

We have

Drain Pipe

Large Sized Terra Cotta
Makes a Permanent Installation

RALPH W. ELLIOT

Sandwich Rd., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 794

Mail Address: Buzzards Bay, RFD

Plumbing and Heating Service

Morris April Bros.

Bridgeton - Tuckahoe

New Jersey

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

H. R. Bailey Co.

South Carver
Massachusetts

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.
in stock

Cranberry Growers :

WE ARE IN POSITION TO

SUPPLY YOU WITH YOUR

1947 CRANBERRY CON-

TAINERS

also

Good Quality

Wheeling Plank

Quotations on Request

F. H. COLE

North Carver, Mass.

Est. 1707
WOODEN BOX MFGR.

Harvest

and

Shipping
Boxes

Jesse A. Holmes & Son

Carver, Mass.

Tel. Carver 10-3

Serving the cramberry industry!

1

ADAMS & GOULD

Lumber Dealers

Cape & Vineyard

Acushnet
Saw Mills Co.

"Everything Under Cover"
East Wareham. Mass.

Tel. Wareham fi48

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Electric Company

Offices:

Chatham

Falmouth

GOOD
WOOD BOXES

Cranberry Growers

Order Harvest and

Shipping Boxes

Paints - Hardware

Hyannis

Vineyard Haven

New Bedford, Mass.

Est. 1865

Grossman's

On Cape Cod

"EVERYTHING TO

E>t>bll>hed 184»

Hall & Cole

Incorporated

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

Wood

County

Nationa

BUILD WITH"

94 Faneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON, MASS.

Bank

Opposite R. R. Station

Sagamore, Mass.

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES
SPECIALTIES

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

778
Tels. Sagamore 779

Car Lot Receivers

MEMBER FEDCRAL DEPOSIT
INSURANCE CORPORATION

KROP-SAVER

brand

The Nationa Ba

nk of Wareham

INSECTICIDES

Conveniently located

for Cranberry men

FUNGICIDES

Fund.s always avail

able for sound loans

For the Cranberry Grower

CROP -SAVER
CHEMICAI fOMPAKIY Inr

Complete Ba

nking Service

35H West Potomac Avenue
Chicago 51, Illinois

Member Fee

eral Deposit Insurance Corp.

ACE Opens Its
Early Blacks at
$27 a Barrel

Trade Reported Buying at
: This Figure — NCA Re-
ports Heaviest September
"Ocean Spray" Buying —
Both Co-ops Advertising
Intensively.

American Cranberry Exchange
opened its price for Early Blacks
September 17 at $6.75 a quarter,
or $27.00 a barrel, which is $1.00
more a barrel than the opening-
last season. In announcing the
price C. M. Chaney of ACE added
that harvest of Blacks was running
about 15 per cent below the figure
in the Government August esti-
mate.

National Cranberry Association
had set a wholesale price on sauce
of $2.00 a dozen, a reduction from
.S2.45, on August 20th. For fresh
fruit NCA was also quoting $6.75
a quarter.

ACE set its opening figure after
thorough consideration of all fac-
tors which might aff'ect the sales,
and the $6.75 figure was an-
nounced by Mr. Chaney following
a meeting of ACE directors in New
York the 16th.

Good acceptance by the trade
was reported by Chaney and it was
said at New England Sales Com-
pany that the Blacks could all be
disposed of, it was expected, the
only difficulty being in obtaining
berries of sufficient color to fill
orders. Beaton's Distributing Ag-
ency was also receiving ample or-
ders.

Exchange has backed its sales
with advertising, which through
1946 has amounted to a total of
$3,570,000 and the program this
year includes color ads in national
magazines and black and white in
dailies throughout the season, pro-
moting the "Eatmor" trade name.

NCA reports that "Ocean Spray"
sales for the month of September
were expected to reach 500,000
cases for a dollar value of $2,000,-
000. This amount would be the
largest September sales on record.
NCA has released information that
an active promotional campaign
and the new low price are factors
in boosting sales, as was proven

by reports from the trade. At
Cleveland, through a super market
chain store 1,100 cases were sold
in a single day; in New Jersey,
with a similar feature, there were
sales of 1200 cases in a day. Pre-
vailing price for "Ocean Spray" in
retail stores has been 21 cents a
can, NCA reports, although stores
in Boston, New York, Chicago and
Portland, Oregon, already are fea-
turing it at 19 cents a can, "and by
Thanksgiving time it is expected
that most stores will probably be
using 'Ocean Spray' as a leader at
19 cents".

With prices of most foods con-
tinuing to rise, NCA's directors
felt that cranberry sauce will sell
in large volume this year only if
prices are lower than last year,
NCA .said.

To promote sales NCA, in addi-
tion to 23 ads scheduled to appear
in national magazines this fall,
has contracted for black and white
ads in 63 newspapers in leading-
cities. Copy for the newspaper
ads in October will featui-e "new-
low price", and the "chicken 'n
cranberry" theme. November will
feature cranberry sauce with
Thanksgiving turkey and December
cranberry sauce with holiday meals.

With this new program, NCA's
fall campaign, the largest in its
history, will reach some 130,000,-
000 readers.

Growers Watching
"Western Picker"
Experiments

"Western Picker" has been dem-
onstrated on a number of Massa-
chusetts bogs of NCA members,
before the end of September there
having been 21 machines in oper-
ation in these experiments. Sep-
tember 25th saw a demonstration
at the State Bog, which was wit-
nessed by Drs. Franklin, Chandler,
Cross, a number of growers, and
others.

Comment on the success of this
picker has been varied, but con-
sensus of opinion seems to be that
the machine "definitely has possi-
bilities". Some have been more
favorably impressed than they an-
ticipated.

R. J. Hillstrom, the manufactur-
er, who is spending this fall in the

eastern cranberry area, has not
said the machine is perfect, and
he admits there are still bugs to
be ironed out. The difficulties in-
clude a rigidity which has not al-
ways conformed too well to Massa-
chusetts bogs on which the floor is
not even. In Oregon vines are
higher and there are no berries
close to the ground.

Comment has been that too
many vines were picked, although
all agree that the machine leaves
the bog "looking beautiful". The
point has been raised by Mr. Hill-
strom that if the amount of vines
the machines pulled into the boxes
was compared with the vines a
.scooper pulls off^, and the vines
which are pulled by after-harvest
raking, the "Western Picker"
would take off fewer vines than
the scooping-raking method. He
feels three models may be neces-
sary for eastern bogs, one for tall,
medium, and short vines.

This fall's tests have been inter-
esting, and Hillstrom feels that
eventually complete satisfaction
will be achieved.

Wareham Legion
Preparing to Choose
3d 'Cranberry Queen'

Organization meeting of the
cranberry festival committee of
Wareham Post, 220, American
Legion and Auxiliary, has been
held to make plans for the annual
Legion cranberry festival and the
choosing of the Massachusetts
"Cranberry Queen". This will be
the third successive year in which
the Legionnaires and the Auxiliary
have conducted this festival and
choosing of a queen, the affair be-
ing held at Wareham town hall.
General chairman of the committee
is Alton H. Worrall, chairman of
the Board of Selectmen of Ware-
ham. Date of the festival is to be
announced later.

CANNERS' PRICES

Canners, it is understood, are
paying advances to growers, with
no specified final payment. Nat-
ional is advancing S15 a barrel for
the first 200 barrels and $10 for
berries in excess of that.

Four

V/ *^'"''"*""'"''''^^^^V^

Issue of October, 1947 — Vol: 12, No. 6

Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop. Main St.. Wareham. Massachusetts. Subscription. J3.00 per year
Entered as second-class matter January 26. 1943. at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3. 1879

FRESH FROM THE FIELDS

By C J. H.

The Crop

No official estimate of the crop
was available at press time, but it
appeared Massachusetts was fall-
ing oflF 15% and possibly a little
more from the August estimate of
505,000 bbls. Estimates as Octo-
ber came in were from 425,000,
which was the figure of A. D. Ben-
son of New England Cranberry
Sales Company. Dr. Franklin
felt certain the crop would not be
more than 440,000. Some were giv-
ing the estimate even lower than
these figures. Cars shipped from
Middleboro Sept. 30 were 155, as
com.pared to 241 last year.

Drought continuing from late
July through August and into Sep-
tember was what buckled the Mas-
sachusetts crop principally.

New Jersey was reported to be
falling off at least 10 per cent from
the August estimate of 9.3,000 and
this was before a reported consid-
erable frost loss in the series of
eastern frosts starting September
26th

Wisconsin, on the contrary, was
reported as increasing from the
112,000 barrels to 130,000 and with
some possibility of approaching
last year's figure of 145,000.

West Coast prospects were said
to be continued favorable for a
largo production.

mas<;achusetts

Season Started Well
Labor was adequate and Massa-
chusetts seemed set for a good
crop as harvesting started, except
that the drought conditions which
had existed all during August and
part of July were continued. How-
ever, by the end of first week of
picking (Sept. 13), Dr. Franklin
and others were saying they would

not be surprised if the estimate of
505,000 would not under-run by
10 per cent. Weather up to that
tii.ie had been very hot and rather
humid. There had been no "fall"
we^ither — berries were, in many
insti»nces, coming from the bog too
heated. Temperatures were in the
80s. often the high ones.

Sunday, the 14th, brought the
first rain of the month and this
was s. good one, steady and soak-
ing, 1.36 inches being recorded at
the State Bog. This helped condi-
tionr- to that extent.

However, there was a general
opinion that the crop was running
at least ten per cent off in Ply-
m.outh and upper Barnstable coun-
ties. On the lower Cape, the de-
crease was far more serious. Many
growers were not getting 50 per
cent of what they had anticipated.
It is usually the big cropping of
dry Cape bogs which help swell
Massachusetts' total.

Frosts

A high pressure area arrived
over the cranberry district begin-
ning the afternoon and evening of
the 16th, and the 17th was the first
really cool day of the season. The
change was abrupt and definite,
the air sparkling and cool, replac-
ing the heat and humidity.

But by that time it had become
quite evident that a good deal of
dap-iage to the crop had been done.

A series of frosts came on the
nights of September 26, 27 and 28
with temperatures of 22-28 being
reported along the coast where
there was some wind all night, ex-
cept the 28th. The first two nights
held high potential danger except
for this wind. Lower temperatures
were I'ecorded inland. Some grow-
ers lost substantially. With water

supplies at the lowest minimum,
growers everywhere husbanded
water with the utmost care.

What promised to be a real cold
spell began again on the night of
September 30, but along the coast
the wind again blew the nights of
September 30 and October 1 and
while there were temperatures of
24 the frost damage would have
been slight. This spell brought the
coldest report of the season to
date, with 17 '/^ at Holliston.

Dr. Franklin tentatively placed
the losses at 2 per cent, although
some others have figured a little
above hat.

Berries Not Sized Nor Colored

Up to the first of October it had
been a troublesome season, with the
frosts, lack of water, and lateness
of the berries in coloring and siz-
ing Berries had not sized as had
been the earlier anticipation, and
in fact there were many small ber-
ries. The light color had caused
trouble in getting berries to ship
for fresh markets and had caused
delays at canneries. Berries were
called at least two weeks late.
Color had improved by end of
month, however, with the coming
of cold weather.

Som.e growers had trouble with
scoopers not showing up, as pick-
ing was tough, with tangled vines,
weather conditions having grown
long lunners. Tightening of pick-
ing crews was especially noticeable
in those picking by the box.

NEW JERSEY

Hot days and warm nights in-
creased the size of hemes during
late August and the first half of
September. In spite of limited
rains there was enough soil mois-
ture to prevent hurt by drought

(Continued on Page 18)

Five

"LECK"_HANDY

After 57_Years of Cranberry Growing, Massachusetts' Most
"Individual" Grower is Still Building Bog

By CLARENCE J. HALL

Having built his first bog in 1890, when he was 16, and now owning
(partly with others) approximately 450 acres, L. B. Handy of Wareham,
Mass., is still going ahead with intensive building plans. He is currently
building a 40-acre bog, with eventual potential of 150 in Middleboro with
a younger partner, and with his son-in-law has recently acquired a nearly
100 acre property at East Taunton where a large renovation program
is in progress.

"I like to build and improve cranberry bog", says Handy, who is
never known by his first name of Leslie, but to all his friends as "Leek".
"Somebody will get some good out of these bogs I am working on now.
There aren't many things today you can put your money into and get it
all back ten years ahead if you should want to sell. You can do that with
good cranberry bog.

a cranberry grower; so much so
that he still wants to expand and
that he is not afraid the bottom is
going out of the business. He does
not think that prices are to go
drastically lower. He believes the
grower will continue to get a good
return for his crop. Every grower
hopes he is right, but not all have
the courage to go ahead with big
plans.

Handy Has a Mind of His Own

However, what others believe
would have no influence upon the
thinking of L. B. Handy. Mr.
Handy, with his New England
background, is an individualist, if
ever there was one. He does his
own thinking for himself. In fact,
Handy by nature is rather a "per-
verse" individual. He is probably
the most "contrary-minded" grow-
er in the Massachusetts industry
today, as well as one of the larg-
est. Actually he gets a good deal
of fun in being on the opposite
side of the fence, most of the time.

"Leek" Handy will disagree with
most anybody on most anything at
most any time. In fact, the hard-
er anyone argues with Handy and
the nearer they come to bursting
a blood vessel to move him from
his stand, the more he chuckles in-
wardly. He has a great fondness
for "spoofing." While Handy is
arguing, apparently with great
seriousness, a third party listening
in is apt to get a smile now and

"I know it's true you used to
build bog for $1,000 an acre and
you could get help for ,$1.00, $1.25
and $1.50 a day, and that first-class
bog now costs $3,000 or better an
acre to build. When bog was $1,000
an acre you got ten dollars a bar-
rel, some years less. With $3,000
an acre bog last year you got $30
a barrel. What's the difference?"
Started From Nothing

Handy in more than half a cen-
tury in the cranberry game has ex-
perienced many times when things
were not as good as he is convinced
they are today. "You can't start
from nothing and build up to some-
thing without having had some
tough sledding at times."

"Practically nothing" except a
desire to become a cranberry grow-
er, was what "Leek" had when he
started in. He began by building
a bog of 3% acres adjoining the
farm of his father, Edward Handy,
on the Blaekmore's Pond road at
South Wareham. He had picked
cranberries and weeded, as had
many others of his generation. His
father, who was a seafaring man
from the neighboring town of Mar-
ion, was not a cranberry grower,
but "Leek" built an acre near his
father's farm, where he had been
born in 1874. Handy's mother was
from Vermont.

It is interesting to note that af-
ter 57 continuous years in the busi-
ness. Handy is completely satisfied
with the life and the prospects of

Six

then from the corner of Handy's
mouth.

It is only a stranger to the in-
dustry who argues with Handy.
Those who have been growing cran-
berries for any length of time, at
least anywhere near Wareham,
know Handy as one of the most
influential growers and as one who
knows his cranberries and cran-
berry growing. Any man who has
started with "nothing" and built
it into "considerable" in the cran-
berry business as Handy has done
is bound to have the respect of his
fellow growers. So "Leek's" views
on cranberry growing, when he is
serious, are listened to.

He Loves to Argue

One of Handy's partners is no
lesser person than Dr. Henry J.
Franklin, and even he has long
since given up attempting to know
what slant Handy will be on in
any issue — that is, when he is in
one of his arguing moods. Handy
seldom agrees publicly with Dr.
Franklin in much of anything
about cranberry growing. Yet
when they discuss their problems
together they must always reach
an amicable working agreement.
They have been partners for 26
years.

On nights of impending frost,
Handy is usually one of those who
gather at the Experiment Station
from adjacent areas, while "Doc"
Franklin is making his preliminary
telephone calls and working out
his formulas before issuing his
warning. When Dr. Franklin fin-
ally turns around from his figur-
ing and says, "I am going to send
out a forecast tonight 'heavy
frost, 26 degrees' " for instance,
Handy usually loudly makes some
such announcement as this: "That
means 35, I'm going home and go
to bed." And out he goes. Frank-
lin merely shakes his head sadly,
and gives out the forecast. But
if you followed Handy after he
left the station, in the small hours
of the night you would find him
out on one of his bogs, watching
the weather just as anxiously as
any other grower.

When Franklin says, "You need
30 hours for a gypsy worm flow
to be efl'ective". Handy declares to
all and sundry, "8 hours is a gi-eat
plenty."

He Gets Fun Out of Life

This facet of Handy's character
has been dwelt upon at length be-
cause there is only one "Leek"
Handy in the Massachusetts in-
dustry. He is a "true individual"
and respected as such. Cranberry
growing has enabled Handy to live
pretty much the kind of life he
has wanted to, it seems, and many
another can envy and respect the
success he has achieved in his
chosen profession and the satis-
faction he gets out of being able
to "be himself." It appears that
long ago Handy made up his own
philosophy and it has been said of
him by others, and not infrequent-
ly, "I wish I could get the fun out
of life that 'Leek' Handy does."

Handy is essentially an out-of-
doors man (as are many other
growers). Although never saying
much about it, he is a real student
of nature. He hunts and fishes.
He is a long-time member of New
England Pox and Hounds Club, the
one organization he is willing to
belong to. He knows plant life.
As a side-line to cranberry grow-
ing he is partner in a trout hatch-
ery, which he established. For a
time he raised mink, but lost in
this venture when his mink "died
from poison horsemeat". Every
winter he packs off to Georgia or
North Carolina with his dog or
dogs, and his "women folks" —
Mrs. Handy, his daughters, Dorothy
and Hazel (both also interested in
cranberry growing), and often
other feminine relatives. There he
and his dog, currently a thorough-
bred Brittany spaniel named
"Rube", go off quail hunting, while
the "women folks" stay at a hotel
and take trips around the country
amusing themselves.

He Has His Hobbies

As a hobby, Handy has long col-
lected Indian arrowheads, toma-
hawks, and other relics. In his
bog building he has dug them out
and found them in sandpits and
come across them, hunting in the
woods. He has collected thousands
— and has given most of them
away. North Carolina is partic-
ularly "happy hunting ground" for
arrow heads, called "points" there,
he says, and he has picked up as
many as a cigar box full in a sin-
gle field, which were being plowed
under by a farmer.

He has carried one arrowhead,
which he believes was made from
a piece of petrified wood, in his
pocket for more than 30 years.
He uses it to strike matches upon,
to keep going one of the several
pipes he carries in his pockets.

He wouldn't admit this, either,
but Handy, as a New Englander,
really likes and knows good an-
tique furniture. He has picked up
a good deal of it in his travels, but
he calls it "just buying to keep the
women folks happy."

The small bog of SVz acres by
the "old home place", where Handy
began has now become a property
of 150 acres, a part of which he
still knows as the "home" bog, or
Blackmore's pond bog, and the
upper end as "Eagle Holt." When
he first set vines he did as most
other growers then did: he set out
a number of varieties experiment-
ally. These included Centennials,
Batchelors, MeFarlins, as well as
Early Blacks and Howes. He is
now on a program begun several
years ago of ripping out these odd
varieties and replanting them with
the standard Blacks and Howes; in
fact, when he is finished all except
100 acres will be in Blacks. He is
also having much of the earlier
acreage scalped and rebuilt, chief-
ly with a view to getting a better
level.

This property is flowed by seven
reservoirs and two pumps in Black-
more pond.

At Eagle Holt he has his prin-
cipal screenhouse. Most of his
berries are packed there. This
screenhouse is 220 feet long, has
five Bailey mills. He also has
screenhouses at properties in Mid-
dleboro, but if his crops from
these properties come to less than
a couple of thousand barrels he
finds it more economical and easier
to truck them to his main seat of
operations at South Wareham,
where he has a standard crew of
screenhouse workers.

To get back to varieties, Handy's
preference is now for the Early
Blacks. He is convinced of the
advantages of this swing to the
early variety, as are many other
growers, and for the same reasons.
Blacks can be harvested and gotten
out of the way quicker, avoiding
much frost troubles, and they
bring just as good prices from the

canners. Over a period of years
it has been his experience that
Blacks produce a better average
per acre than any other variety.

Blacks predominate at a bog he
calls the "Cornfield" along Point
Road in Marion. This he built
in 1901 and 1903 in partnership
with the late Louis Morse of North
Attleboro, a jewelry manufacturer.
When Morse passed away, the lat-
ter's interest was bought out by
Handy and the late James T. Hen-
nessy. This is a property of about
25 acres. He owns one other prop-
ei-ty in Marion, the Burden Brook
bog, near the Mattapoisett town
line. He acquired this some years
ago with John Harju, a foreman of
Handy's for more than 45 years.
It had originally been built by an
association of ministers of the gos-
pel. The former owner before
Handy was Lester Jenney of Mat-
taposett.

One of his bogs in Middleboro,
in addition to the new one he is
now building, he calls the "Poor-
house" bog, because it is located
near the Middleboro almshouse on
Wood street. The other is at Rock,
a village of Middleboro. These are
about 20 acres each.

These he also owned with Mr.
Hennessy, and it was a long and
happy partnership between the
two men until Mr. Hennessy passed
away The latter is still warmly
remembered as one of the most
respected and able growers in
Massachusetts. For many years
he was president of the Cape Cod
Cranberry Growers' Association.
Mr. Handy has always chosen for-
tunately in his partnership associ-
ations.

Built Inland Bog

He has a six-acre bog in Fox-
boro, in partnership with Richard
Morse, son of "Lou" Morse. On
this inland bog in Norfolk County,
which he has owned for more than
15 years. Handy gets his best pro-
duction per acre. His average he
gives as 700 barrels, but his peak
has been more than 800. This bog
is set to Howes. He built this bog
himself, and rather against the
prevailing judgment that Plymouth
and Barnstable counties were the
areas best suited to cranberry
growing. Relying on his own judg-
ment he went back from the coast,
figuring the climate there would be

Seven

Partner Walter E. Rowley, Jr., and his rod man for the past 12 years, Harvey Swift.

(CRANBERRIES PHOTO)

more, not less suitable to cran-
berries.

He Favors Inland Climate

"I like the climate there", he
says. "It's there I've had my best
luck." A better word than "luck",
however, might be success because
of sound reasoning. He acted on
the theory he could get better
crops if he went away from the
foggier coast. All will not agree
with this, by any means, but Han-
dy says: "I've come to think that
the farther you get away from the
salt water the better off you are.
I have seen blooms on my Ware-
ham and Marion bogs which should
have set twice the crops they actu-
ally produced. But a spell of damp,
foggy weather would come in and
I wouldn't get half the barrelage
I should have had. There just
weren't enough hours of sunshine.

"I've been up in Fo.xboro when
there was bright sun all day. I've
come back as far east as Middle-
boro and there was some mist.

I've gotten back to Wareham and
found it has been cloudy and foggy
all day. I've about come to the
conclusion that in Massachusetts
to get the best conditions you want
to build bog west and north of a
Plymouth-Middleboro-Taunton line.
Middlcboro to my thinking is a
better place to grow cranberries
than Wareham, and Wareham is
better than the Cape itself. You
get cold, wet winds and fogs from
both sides there."

This is a long way from the
thinking of some of the pioneer
groweis of the Cape where the
industry began. Such, for in-
stance, as the belief of Josiah
Freeman of Orleans, who wrote in
1855: "I consider them (cran-
berry vines) rather of a marine
plant, and therefore should prefer
to plant as near salt water as pos-
sible, and not have them over-
flowed with salt water".

Others than Handy are coming
to have a favor for bogs which are

more inland and where the sun-
shine factor is felt to be much
more favorable.

Lowell Cranberry Co. Bog

The property of the Lowell
Cranberry Company, the bog in
which Handy is in business with
Dr. Franklin and the sisters of the
late Mr. Hennessy, is even more
inland than Foxboro. Located in
Middlesex County, this is well
away from the Southeastern Mas-
sachusetts cranberry area. The
main bog, which is one of about
40 acres, is at Carlisle, and there
is also a 10-acre bog at Wilming-
ton. Both are north of Boston and
not far from the New Hampshire |
state line.

Highest production at the Low- !
ell Company has been 3600 barrels,
but this is a bog which, oddly i
enough, has never been given the
opportunity to produce to its full-
est. The reason is, vines from |
Lowell Cranberry Company are
in constant demand and being cut

yiithi

nd sold. This Carlisle bog is the
nly one in Massachusetts from
•hich, while making no guarantee,
ie owners sell vines in good faith,
elieved to be entirely free from
alse blossom. Cuttings are always
eing taken to many points in the
ranberry-growing' areas of the
fnited States, to Canada, and even

few to Europe. Some years a
umber of acres have been cut.
'his bog is a little warmer than
ape Cod in the months of May
nd June, but is colder in Septem-
er and October.

lis Big Interest Now, the New
Middleboro Bog

Handy's chief interest at the
moment is obviously the building
f the new bog at Middleboro.
'his is to be along Route 28 (main
^ape highway) and west of the
Jew Bedford road from the Mid-
leboro rotary traffic circle. This
3 a piece of property upon which
Tandy says he has had his mind
or the past 10 or 15 years as be-
ag admirably suited for cranberry
og. His newest partner, Walter
>. Rowley, living at West Ware-
am, and a civil engineer, also
ad a bog in this area in mind,
lowley has been interested in
ranberry growing for the past
ozen years.

Three years ago Rowley began
■uying up property for the new
Middleboro enterprise. So far he
las closed sales with 40 different
'wners and still the deal is not
omplete. In all the area takes in
ibout 600 acres or more.

The property is fed by spring
)rooks, and Handy and Rowley ex-
)ect ample water supply with a
hree-foot drainage drop, water
•ventually making its way into the
Taunton river at Middleboro. The
mmediate goal, as previously
;tated, is to put in 40 acres, these
low well under construction. These
vill be in two locations.

One will lie on both sides of the
2ape highway, a little to the south
)f the traffic circle and the junc-
;ion of the "old" Taunton road.
Dn the west side there will be a
reservoir, 140 acres in extent, with
la depth of 4 to 6 feet, this to be
back from the highway about 50
feet. Forty acres are to be built
on this side.

To the east of 28, trees and
underbrush have been cleared and

Son-in-law, George Papageorge

.KRIES PHOTO)

piled for burning. Thomas Bros.,
contractors, of Middleboro, have
been working for nearly two years
with a clamshell shovel, clearing-
land and waterways, and E. G.
Howes, another contractor, has put
in nine months of bulldozing.

One section is in the township
of Lakeville and has already been

partly set to vines. There was a
former small bog there, the prop-
ei-ty of Maurice W. Washburn, and
this has been rebuilt and incorpor-
ated into the 20 acre tract there.

Rowley

Engineering for the project is iii
hands of Rowley. Rowley's only
other bog property until the pres-

ent has been a bog of six acres at
East Harwich which he bought
from Daniel Bassett a dozen years
ago. This is a bog which has
good sand and water and for the
past ten years has avei-aged Row-
ley better than 60 barrels to the
acre. "I wouldn't have bought
and kept this if it hadn't been
good bog", Rowley says. Rowley's
brother, Dr. Rowley of Harwich-
port, is also a grower as a side
Issue, being in partnership with
Raymond Morse of West Wareham
in bogs in the Yarmouth ai-ea.

Rowley is a member of New
England Cranberry Sales and has
been a director, and at times has
taken an active aggressive part in
the policies of that organization.
He is a member of the Wareham
Finance Committee. His services
as a surveyor keep him constantly
in demand.

While he has previously been
"doing all right for himself", as
the saying goes, the new junior
partner of Handy, speaking of his
expectations for the new Middle-
boro property, says of Mr. Handy,
"No one else ever gave me a break
like this before." Mr. Rowley ap-
preciates being the partner of
Handy in this big new venture.

In the planting of the new Mid-
dleboro bog, Handy is using a
vine-setting machine which has
created a great deal of interest.
Some of the acreage was set by the
ordinary method with dibbles and
hand work. A comparison between
the two is pertinent.

Handy has estimated the cost of
setting vines by hand as $200 per
acre, as setters have charged him
$1.25 a rod for putting the vines
in. With the machine, which will
do an acre up to two a day, he fig-
ures the cost as between $30 and
$50 per acre;

Bob Pierce, His Foreman, Devel-
oped Vine Setter

The setter, which was first used
on the Blackmore's Pond bog with
much evident success, was designed
by Handy's general superintendent,
Robert Pierce of West Wareham,
who is known widely as an ex-
tremely efficient bog manager.
Born in East Rochester, "Bob"
Pierce has known cranberries all
his life and has been with Handy
ten years last April.

Pierce developed this machine,
using an Ariens Tiller as the basic
unit; in fact, he simply assembled
the vine-setting equipment at the
rear. Retaining the regular "hex-
sided" Ariens shaft, he rounded it
at each end to take steel disks.
These disks (4) are 20 inches in
diameter, made of 3/16 inch steel,
blunted so they will not cut the
vines. They are mounted ten inch-
es on center, so they cover a row
of 30 inches. Following behind the
disks are wooden rolls, "spool
shaped", which narrow from four
inches at the ends to one inch in
the center. They pinch the sand
in and make solid after the disks
have pushed the vines down.

In actual operation vines are
broadcast — not heavily, about 15
barrels to the acre — on bog al-
ready sanded in the usual manner.
Then the machines run over them.
The disks push the cuttings in, the
rollers make them fast. Either a
five or six man crew is used. Two
men ahead broadcast vines by
hand, then the operator (and an
assistant if the going is hard)
runs the machine behind them, and
following the setter are two men
with pitchforks who rake up the
vines which were not planted.

The machine is still an Ariens-
Tiller and with the vine-setting ar-
rangement removed is continued to
be operated like any tiller.
Son-in-Law Partner in
East Taunton Bog

The East Taunton bog is another
property which is a definitely in-
land cranberry bog in Bristol coun-
ty. This property is one of the
older and one of a relatively few
in this area. There is now a ten-
dency, which is apparently on the
increase, for the industry to expand
out of Plymouth and Barnstable
counties, where it is centered, and
doubtless will be for the forseeable
future, at least.

A Massachusetts cranberry in-
dustry survey now in progress
showed in a preliminary report that
gains in acreage are being made in
Bristol, Middlesex, also Dukes and
Essex, since the last survey in
1934. There is also an increase in
Plymouth county. Duke's is an
island county entirely, which does
not conform with any inland trend.

Yet Handy is not unsupported in
his contention that inland counties

are the equal and in some factors,
notably sunshine, superior to loca-
tions near the ocean. Dr. Franklin
has long said that Middlesex Coun-
ty has thousands of acres admir-
ably suited to cranberry cultiva-
tion. There are good locations in
Worcester county and in New
Hampshire. Salt water does tem-
per frosts in the fall of the year,
but if there is adequate and suit-
ably-controlled water protection
low temperatures are not a draw-
back.

The purchase of the East Taun-
ton bog by Handy's son-in-law,
George Papageorge of Wareham,
August 14, 1946, brought this into
the Handy "orbit." This inland
East Taunton bog has one of the
superior water supplies in the
state. There are no less than seven
reservoirs with a total acreage of
about 800. There are magnificent
heads of water, concrete chimney
flumes controlling the supply being
20 and more feet deep. Water,
with even this head, is not held at
full capacity. Canals go around
the bogs so that each, with the ex-
ception of the lower, may be flood-
ed separately and at will, such as
for insect control.

Papageorge is inclined to believe
that this bog may have always
been run too wet. He is attempt-
ing better di'ainage. Main ditches
are being widened and deepened,
also margin and cross ditches.
More dikes are being put in. Papa-
george plans to run it on a basis
of lower water table than before.
An intensive renovation program
of sections of the bogs has already
been started. The property is by
no means one which is free of
weeds, but at the same time it has
a remarkably lush growth of vines.

The bog was bought from Amer-
ican-National Fireworks company
and in a relatively few years has
changed hands a number of times.
Papageorge declares he expects it
has now changed hands for the last
time.

Papageorge is the brother-in-
law of William Decas of Decas
Bros, of Wareham, who have built
up a very considerable bog acreage
in Massachusetts during the past
dozen or 15 years. He is a GI,
having- served three and a half
years in the Army, mostly at Camp
Lee, Virginia, with the rank of

Ten

staff sergeant. Before going into
service he had experience in buy-
ing and selling cranberries.
Independent in Marketing

As individually inclined as Mr.
Handy is, it might be expected that
he is not a member of any co-oper-
ative. He isn't. However, for
several years Handy did belong to
the New England Cranberry Sales
Company, but then switched in
1913 to the "independent" Beaton
Distributing Agency, and his loy-
alty has been there ever since.
I "Beaton sells my berries at the
I market price, and he makes only
a reasonable service charge", Han-
dy comments. "I'm perfectly sat-
isfied." Concerning National Cran-
berry Association, and before that
Cranberry Canners, Inc., he says
he has never given a serious
thought to joining.

For a time he did belong to the
Cape Cod Cranberry Association,
but dropped out. He belongs to
none of the cranberry clubs, either.
Mr. Handy simply isn't a joiner.
Whereas many enjoy being a mem-
ber of about any group for which
they can qualify, Mr. Handy feels
just the opposite. And it might be
said in passing that some others
can be fully sympathetic with his
feeling for going his o\vn way.
If there were not some individual-
ists this would be a monotonous
world.

Like many another grower. Han-
dy has gone in for cultivating blue-
berries, but only to the extent of
rasing enough for his own use.
On July 25th of this year he spent
a portion of his 50th wedding
anniversary with a family group
picking the berries.
He is Simply a "Cranberry Grower"
In his own consideration. Handy
is "simply a cranberry grower."
Since his interests have produced
more than 11,000 barrels in a sin-
gle year, no one can dispute that,
and particularly since he built up
to that production from so little.
Beyond that his particular interest
lies in building bog, building up
old pieces into good producing
properties. He feels that is a
worthy objective and it certainly is
a constructive ambition. Pierce,
his foreman, is more of the grower
type, and enjoys taking care of
properties after Handy has built
them. Now, Handy says, he has
acquired a son-in-law who knows

Foreman "Bob" Pierce

(CRANBERRIES PHOTO)

the selling end of the cranberry
business, and a younger partner
who is an engineer. He is rounding
out his "organization", loose one
though it may be.

In spite of his success in his
chosen vocation. Handy i-emains
completely unpretentious and in-
formal as to dress and manner.
He is as easy as an old shoe. And
he will probably always remain a
humorist in his own way. He tells
one story about himself which is
illuminating.

One frost night he was roaming
around to his properties, worrying
whether there was sufficient dan-
ger to flow or not. He stopped in
front of a church and cast the beam

of his flashlight up onto the steeple
to a weathervane to see if there
might be a bit of air stirring. A
woman motorist came tearing
along, stopped her car, and in-
quired "what in the world are you
flashing a light upon a steeple at
this hour of the night for?"

"Well", Handy replied, "I thought
I just saw a bumble bee up there
and I wanted to make sure."

The overly-curious woman step-
ped on the gas as quickly as passi-
ble, and in driving away Handy
heard her murmur something about
"crazy people shouldn't be allowed
wandering around loose, not at
night, especially." Handy was left
alone again, having a good laugh
for himself out of that one.

Ele

ISSUE OF OCTOBER, 1947
VOL 12 NO. 6

O^^^f^^

THE CRANBERRY MARKET
IS BIGGER, TOO

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM. MASSACHUSETTS

IT is an encouraifing thought expressed
in the most recent issue of "Cranberry
World", ACE house organ, that the growth
of American population has opened up
new potential markets of consumers of
cranberries, and that the 1,000,000 barrel
crop — when it comes — need not necessarily
be feared. The article added that in fact
there are scarcely any more cranberries
eaten per capita than when the crop and
the nation were both smaller. The writer,
C. M. Chaney, said, "I should even add
that with relative income at anywhere
near its present level the sale of a 1,000,000
bbl. crop should offer no more of a prob-
lem than the sale of a 600,000 bbl. crop in
years past."

This sounds entirely logical. The fact
is this nation is growing faster than per-
haps many of us realize. Consumption of
all food stuffs is up. That is a major factor
in the present scale of high prices — the old,
reliable law of supply and demand.

We have read elsewhere recently that
so rapidly has the nation grown, in fact,
there has actually been a decline of per
capita resources, even while the national
total has increased. In the past 15 years,
instead of a gain in the physical wealth on
the per capita basis there has been a de-
cline.

There has been alarm that the cran-
berry industry has been increasing too rap-
idly, that bigger and bigger crops are to be
expected from increased better acreage
and increasing knowledge and better tools
giving greater production per acre. This
may be a blessing — that the cranberry in-
dustry has "been on the ball".

TO continue the same subject, the state-
ment has been made by the president
of NCA that the 1,000,000 bbl. crop is not
a thing of the future- — it is here, in effect,
with the carry-over from the 1946 harvest.
ACE studies indicate, on the contrary, that
the carry-over is not big enough to make
up, with the present crop estimate, a mil-
lion barrels of cranberries to be sold. How-
ever that may be, the crop is certainly get-
ting to be up in the vicinity of the 1,000,000
barrels, and this can be a good year to

Xwelvc

Subscription $3.00 per year
Advertising rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS

Wisconsin

VERNON GOLDSWCRTHY

Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington-Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY

Cranberry Specialist

Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK

Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station

East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station

Pemberton, New Jersey

NEW YORK ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVE!

THE MACFARLAND COMPANY
289 Fourth Avenue Gra. 6-2380.

demonstrate what the industry can do.
Sugar is free again, and this is the first year
in some time that fresh fruit has had a fair
chance to compete with processed.

Both co-ops the going about the busi-
ness of doing something about disposing of
the cranberries of the growers. Both are
advertising widely and heavily, and adver-
tising does move things. So are some of
the "commercial" canners spending money
to make the consuming public feel it wants
more cranberries. But the industry as a
unit has not yet seen the necessity for this.
We feel eventually it may.

WE'VE made rapid progress in things
mechanical this year, helicopters,
picking machines, float boats, etc. But
still we haven't overcome the surprises of
Nature. Just look what the dry weather
and some fall frosts did to the potential
crop of Massachusetts.

Pictorial Section

Vine setter, developed by -Bob Pierce (page 10). showins; disks and rollers.

(CRANBERRIES" PHOTO)

Thirteen

RIGHT: Vine setter,
moving forward. Note
vines broadcast before
Tiller and set in rows
as it has passed along.

LOWER: A section
of vines, about three
months after planting
by the vine setter.

CRANBERRIES PHOTO

r ,jfe'-

ti.

H' .'f

J V -3hJr V*C

m.^

Test "Western Picker*' on Massachusetts Bog

ABOVE: R. J. Hii:&trom, ex-
treme right, receives congratula-
tory handshake from Harrison F.
Goddard, after first test of Wes-
tern Picker on Goddard's Middle-
boro bog. To the left of Goddard
are Hillstrom's son, "Tom", and
David Wright, who flew east to
assist in the Cape Cod demon-
strations.

RIGHT: Goddard himself oper-
ates a picker

(CRANBERRIES PHOTO I

'

o

Sixteen

Growers' Company Exhibits

Many New Jersey growers learned why there was a market
for their cranberry crjp when they visited the Growers Cran-
berry Company booth at the Ocean County Fair in Lakewood
Saturday, September 6. Waltei Fort, field man for the
Growers Company, had en exhibit there every method used
by the American Cranberry Exchange to make the consumer
public cranberry conscious. Besides the posters, banners,
and recipe books used to advertise cranberries, Mr. Fort had
on display to show and explain to the growers a collection
of the advertising that was circulated as features with full
color photographs in twelve major national magazines that
had a total circulation oT 101,754,345.

Many growers who had heard about the advertising that
was done, but had never seen it, took a keen interest in ex-
amining the advertising and expressed satisfaction that it
was certainly a thorough job.

Plan NOW for Fall and Winter

Equipment Needs

PUMPS

WHEELBARROWS

VINE RAKES

PRUNERS

SAND BARROWS

HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO.

E. C. St. Jacques

WAREHAM, MASS.

Seventeen

\

Western Pickers Inc.,
Discusses
Introduction
Problems

Western Pickers, Inc., has been
grratifled at the reception given it
bv the Cranberry Industry at large.
Usually the introduction of a new
product is met with much skepti-
cism.. It seems as though there
might have been a prejudice
against mechanical pickers — prob-
ably inspired by many previous un-
successful attempts.

In the case of the Western Pick-
er, the idea has been one of toler-
ance— maybe it will work — give it
a chance. At any rate, we have
met fewer detractors than we an-
ticipated and some who have gone
downright overboard for the West-
ern Picker.

It is hard to introduce any new
product (probably if it were easy
everybody would be doing it). The
mechanics of proper introduction
are not easy. In the first place
you can't just stick in your own
bailiwick — you must go out in
strange territory where you don't
even know your way about or
where to get things done. Second-
ly, you should have an ample
trained staff to properly demon-
strate at widely separated points.
Third, you should be sure that your
machine is well put together so
that it won't fall apart at the cru-
cial moment. Fourth, you should
have a well-oiled organization to
handle the various economic, finan-
cial and technical problems that
arise. P'ifth, you must have a
good product, and lastly — time
enough to thoroughly explain and
demonstrate it.

Western Pickers Inc. may have
fallen down in some of these aims,
but believes that its product is the
best picker that the field has yet
produced, and the opinion seems
unanimous that the underlying
pi'inciple is sound and will work.

It is a strange thing that nearly
everyone who sees the Western
Picker says that he had a picker
nearly like that in mind and he can
hardly resist making some little
improvement upon it even before
he sees it in operation.

At any rate, the Western Picker
is in the field to stay and next
year's model is well underway now
and many of these so-called
"screwy" suggestions of Cranberry
growers will be incorporated in
the newer and improved models for
next year. Western Pickers Inc.,
welcomes all such suggestions.

(Advt.)

Eighteen

Fresh from the Fields

(Continued from Page 5)

except on some newly planted
bogs. At the same time, field rot
increased and on a considerable
number of individual bogs it be-
cam.e severe. Berries colored up
very slowly, delaying harvest.

Frosts

No frost occurred until the morn-
ing of September 22, when there
was a brief dip to 27°. No damage
resulted, even on unprotected bogs.
In the evening of Sept. 26, 23 de-
grees was predicted. The follow-
ing morning, temperatures gener-
ally ranged from 22 to 26 degrees,
with damage on unprotected bogs
ranging from ten per cent to an
occasional estimated 50 per cent.
Crop Off 10 Per Cent?

Near end of September, most
Early Blacks have been picked.
Movement to the processors has
been brisk, probably 10 days ahead
of last year in number of barrels
delivered. The majority of small
g'-owers have completed their har-
vest. The dry weather of August
and September has reduced water
supplies seriously, so there will be
some loss of late varieties that are
usually protected by frost floods.
Between rot and frost, some guess-
ers are looking for a crop at least
10 per cent less than forecast last
month.

Planting Vines Scarce

Plans are being laid for fall
sanding and planting. There is a
shortage of good vines for plant-
ing. Growers planning to prune
vines that are free of false blos-
som should advertise the fact. In
a number of cases vines with too
high a percentage of false blossom
will be planted for want of know-
ing where to get better vines.

Personals

After a very busy summer, Wil-
liam E. Tomlinson is taking a two
weeks' vacation in various parts of
New England.

P. E. Marucci, research fellow
on blueberry stunt disease, is wind- ;,
ing up his summer's work at the *|
Pemberton Laboratory and will
start his winter studies in the
Graduate School of Rutgers Uni-
versity on October 1. He will be
back when the blueberries start
their spring growth.

WISCONSIN

Raking generally started on Sep-
tember 22, and it shortly became j
the opinion of Wisconsin Cranberry
Sales Company that the crop might
be nearly as large as that of last
season and that 130-135,000 bar-
rels could be expected at least. i
Good Pre-Harvest Weather j

There was excellent growing !
weather for the first two or three |
weeks preceding the beginning of ]
harvest. This accounted a good |
deal for the improvement in crop |
prospects.

WASHINGTON >

Cranberry harvesting got off to i
an unusually early start this year, |
with some berries having been |
picked at Cranguyma Farms, near
Long Beach, the last week in Aug-
ust. This bog is coming into pro-
duction for the first time this year,
with a crop which has been esti- '
mated at 3500 quarters.

Sunshine and adequate rain com-
bined to make this season about i
ten days early, and Cranguyma's
new vines were especially early.
Berries were reported as large and i
well-colored. Dr. J. Harold Clarke,
manager, reported that these ber-

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J. M. HACKETT

Tel. Rockland 1864
NO. HANOVER, MASS.

ries were the first in the market
at Seattle.

Harvesting began early on the
Cranmoor bog of Mr. and Mrs.
Guido Funke, the second week in
September, with Early Blacks be-
ing picked. Many growers with
"standard" McFarlins also got the
picking underway early.

OREGON

High September Temperatures

High temperatures were record-
ed in September, one day there be-
ing 85 and another 90, and the re-
sult was that some growers had
sun scald, 25 per cent on some
fields. September 16th there was
a frost, temperatures dropping to
27 degrees. Most of the growers
were trying to hai-vest their ber-
ries as soon as possible, fearing
early cold weather.

Less Hand Picking

Labor situation was very easy
for the first time since the start
of the war. Growers were paying
$1.50 an hour in the field on me-
chanical pickers and water raking
and $1.25 in the grading shed,
which is higher than last year. In
fact, some were tui-ning away

hand pickers, as more bogs are be-
ing machine picked or water raked.
"Western Pickers" have been used
on some bogs, and Frank Zorn is
water-raking with a machine of
his own invention that has prom-
ise as a very practical device. M.
L. Kranick and Melvin Boak also
tried out this machine.

Ivie Bog Sold

An important bog transaction
has taken place in that E. B. Ivie
has sold his bogs to Jack Wind-
hurst. The Ivie bogs, built by the
late H. A. Dufort and son, William
T. Dufort, and later owned by E.
D. Webb, who sold them to Ivie,
are considered among the finest
and most successful in the area.
Reputed price of sale was a sub-
stantial figure.

Expansion of the area in cran-
berries continues.

CORRECTION

The name of Franklin E. Smith
was omitted from the list of direc-
tors of Cape Cod Cranberry Grow-
ers' Association. At the August
meeting there was also a vote that
Chester A. Vose of Marion be made
an honorary member of the board.

•CRANBERRIES"
ADVERTISING
PAYS BIG
DIVIDENDS!

Reasonable Rates
on Request

NEW SAND PLANT NOW

Last winter, in anticipation of your needs, I ordered a sand dig-
ging, screening and loading plant. It is now in North Carver.
There is a Sauerman drag scraper; Sauerman hoist with extra spools
for car-moving or power shift; Austin-Western plate feeder, 40-ft.
belt and shaking screen. All powered by two Wisconsm VF-4 air-
cooled engines. Here is a complete sand plant for half the cost of a
power shovel alone. Capaacity about 30 yards an hour. Who gets it .'
North Carver, Mass. RUSSELL A. TRUFANT Phone Carver 64-11
Bog Railroads Prefabricated Flumes Hydraulic Consultant

TO BUILD OR SAND FASTER, RENT A RAILROAD

^iaiJSeSis^

'■jjki

rtfaiiiiHiiite^«».

to Cranberry Bog Specifications

giant irrigator
high pressure

FACTORY OFnCES

Fresno-P O Box 232
Chicago; 76S8 Calumet
Los Angeles: 7280 Metros

Buckner Cranberry sprinklers
were designed by Cranberry Bog engi-
neers and are built for economical, trouble-free
operation Choice of models gives you a perfect cur-
tain of water for any size bog. Low installation cost.
Proven results in all bog sections of the country. See
your Buckner representative now — there's one near
you, and Buckner Sprinklers are available on short
notice.

010^0'

dual-action
low pressure

MASSACHUSETTS

The Clapper Co.
1121 Washington
West Newton

PACmC NORTHWEST

Poison Impl. Co.
631 Western Ave.
Seattle Wash.

Nineteen

MAGAZINE TO FEATURE
CRANBERRIES IN COLOR

mixture of Fermate and kerosene, not satisfactory. A boom 25 feet

The Massachusetts cranberry in-
dustry in colored photography will
soon be a feature of the Saturday
Evening Post, it is expected, as
Arthur Griffin, one of the foi-emost
color photographers, was in the
Cape Cod area taking pictures for
that purpose. Mr. Griffin got in
contact with A. D. Benson of New-
England Cranberry Sales Com-
pahy, who took him to bogs where
'copter dusting was in progress,
harvesting, and screening at
NECSCO packing house at Tre-
mont. A visit was also made to
the famous cranberry plantation of
Ellis D. Atwood at South Carver,
home of the now-famous Edaville
railroad, where pictures were
taken.

the Fermate being used because
it is black and easily seen on slides
spread on the bogs.

Tests showed that distribution
was uneven and the coverage was

long, extending out to either side
of the 'copter body, was the meth-
od used. Pilot was "Slim" Soule.
Different mixtures, pressures and
nozzles will be tried out.

'Copter Spray Tests

Test of a 'copter (NCA) at State
bog Friday, Sept. 5, using spray
from a boom, conducted under
supervision of Dr. Bergman, was
not entirely satisfactory, but will
be continued. Material used was a

ARE YOU SURE?

Why not let us make a survey of your insurance
without charge, to make sure that you are
fully protected?

For more than 20 years, Mr. Eben A. Thacher,
of this firm, has provided specialized insurance
service to meet the needs of cranberry growers.
He will be glad to discuss a survey of your
requirements and present coverage.

Brewer & Lord

INSURANCE
65 Batterymarch Street, Boston

Telephone; Hancock 0830

The New England Cranberry Sales Company

The Cranberry Cooperative which has demonstrated the value of
team work since 1907 in the marketing of the cranberry crop of its
members.

Eatmor
Cranberries

9 Station Street

MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

Twenty

NECSCO MEETING

New England Cranberry Sales
Company's fall meeting September
4th, Carver Town Hall, attended by
150, which was one of the best at-
tended, was carried through on a
note of optimism. ACE General
Manager C. M. Chaney said he ex-
pected a good market for the fresh
crop if conditions continued as they
appeared at that time. He expect-
ed a smaller proportion of the crop
would go to processing this year,
and pointed cut that now sugar is
"free" again to housewives, more
would go back to the pre-war cus-
tom of preparing their own sauce.
E. Clyde McGrew, assistant gen-
eral manager, and Lester Haines,
sales manager of ACE who had
been surveying conditions in other
cranberry areas, supported Cha-
ney's opinion.

Aerial Surveys

The co-operative voted to have
the Eastern Aerial Surveys, Inc.,
of Boston, represented by Donald
W. Flin, make aerial photographic
surveys of company member bogs
on a cooperative basis. Mr. Flin,

assisted by Stanley Benson, has
plotted out locations of bogs. The
scale of the air pictures is 800
feet to one inch, and aerial photo-
graphs of bogs with reservoirs and

other surroundings are expected to
show in excellent detail. Photo-
graphs of bogs will be given to
member owners only, and other
properties included in the taking of

Colley

Cranberry

Company

Plymouth, Mass.

Office
17 Court Street

Telephone
Plymouth 1622

■ rrr

A

hevenis RotandJemiiesf .

^ Saves Costly Repairs
^ and Renewals

WHERE

THERE IS CUPROLICNUM

THERE IS NO ROT

PROTECTS CANVAS, NETS, ROPES AND WOOD

Protect Your Flumes and Gates

New England Representative

ROBERT S. CHASE

195 Marlboro Street Boston 16, Mass.

IRRIGATION

EQUIPMENT
and SUPPLIES

MANUFACTURER'S

DISTRIBUTOR

OF

FLEX-OvSEAL

Pressure tight — Lightweight

PORTABLE PIPE

8"x20' lengths $27.50

6"x20' lengths 20.46

4"x20' lengths 16.40

3"x20' lengths 11.35

•

SPRINKLER HEADS

SUCTION HOSE

DISCHARGE FITTINGS

ENGINE
PUMPING UNITS

We have available

a large quantity of

O. C. D. Chrysler Pumping Units

Skids, Trailers, Front Mounts

Giant Portable Heads

for

Vegetables

Potatoes — Field Crops

Cranberries

Through experience gained in act-
ual operation of many miles of Flex-
O-Seal Pine and all types of rotary
Sprinkler Heads on our own Cape Cod
Farm and from experience in setting
up installations on most of the large
rotary sprinkler type irrigation sys-
tems in New England on tobacco, po-
tato, vegetable and cranberry layouts.
we feel tjualified to engineer your ir-
rigation requiremnts.

Visitors Invited to

Irrigation Division

VEG-ACRE-FARM

Forestdale (Cape Cod) Mass.
Phone Osterville 719

LITERATURE - PRICES

LAYOUTS - ESTIMATES

FREE ON REQUEST

the vast pictures will be blocked
out, if the other owners so desire.

Helicopters

E. W. Wiggin, Jr., of the Wiggin
Airways, attended the meeting and
plans were discussed for next
year. Benson said the Sales Com-
pany will use helicopters for both
dusting bogs with insecticides and
for fertilizing.

Mr. Benson called the roll of and
introduced 25 new members of the
company.

Raymond Morse, company fore-
man, described the bog service
rendered members, Stanley Benson
reviewed the helicopter service.

and Miss Sue A. Pitman described]
the office work and introduced thei
company staff members. 'i

Arrangements have been made
by which Senipos float boats will
be provided members for gather-
ing the "float" berries following)
the picking, these berries going^
for processing. ?

The meeting lasted until 3.30 p.j
m. from 10 a. m., with an intervaU
for luncheon.

Save This

Magazine for

Future Reference

Rain When You Want It
RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS

x>

For Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation

Rain Bird Sprinkling systems do the job you want
them to do, when you want it. All working parts are
accessible and fool proof. Oscillator arm breaks up
stream to give maximum benefit.

Consult Rain Bird engineering department for advice
on your irrigation problems.

For complete information on Rain Bird Sprinkling
Systems, write,
For the East and Midwest

L. R. NELSON MFG. CO.
Peoria, niinois

JOSEPH BRECK & SONS
85 State Street
Boston, Mass.

IRRIGATION
VEGACRE

On the Pacific Coast

R. M. WADE and CO.
Portland, Oregon

**«

OREGON CULVERT CO.
Portland, Oregon
DIVISION
FARM

Forestdale (Cape Cod) Mass.

RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG.

GLENDORA, CALIF.

CO.

Twenty--two

H. A. SUDDARD

Your FORD Dealer

Route 28 Wareham, Mass.

, rolling

IS

our

•^rtirocW*'""

*''''*!' !s Tr«cU-Uo-.ne«» •"*-
*•"*' "irocU tools. Gen-

''"^ord node pons *-

"'"' ! Ford UucU serv.ce.
genome fora ^^^^^

NEW TRUCKS • USED TRUCKS

NCA to Hold
2 "Open Houses"
in Massachusetts

National Cranberry Association
announces that its annual Open
House will be held at the Onset
plant October 11 and at Hanson
October 18. Open house is a year-
ly event in which NCA welcomes
visitors to its two Massachusetts
processing plants and gives them
an opportunity to see members'
berries being turned into Ocean
Spray cranberry products.

FOR EFFICIENT

INSURANCE SERVICE

CROSS

INSURANCE AGENCY

LES CROSS, Licensed Agent

2.'55 Main St., Wareham Tel. 360

Formerly HOWES INS. AGENCY
'77777?/^/MW///////^r^777//„/.'////////77777}.

NCA expects large crowds. At
the Onset event, which occurs over
Columbus Day week end when Cape
Cod traffic is always very heavy,
some 2,000 people attended last
year, and at Hanson 3,000 attend-
ed. At both the Hanson and Onset
open houses this year, guides will
be on hand to show guests through
the plants, and refreshments will
be served.

New Float Boats
in Massachusetts

As this issue goes to press,
word is received of the experiment-
al use of two new float boats, both
scows, operating power being air-
plane motors. The flat-bottom
craft are capable of considerable
speed and the turbulence of the
waves loosens and raises the ber-
ries.

Both are somewhat similar to
airplane-engine float boats which
have been operating in New Jer-
sey and engineers for the United
Cape Cod Cranberry Company pat-
terned one boat after Jersey de-

The

SEMPOS FLOAT BOAT

( Patent app. for )

MR. CRANBERRY-GROWER :

You want a maximum return for your 1947 crop.

You can't get a maximum return without full recovery of your
floats.

You can't get a full recovery of your floats without a SEMPOS
FLOAT BOAT.

The SEMPOS FLOAT BOAT approximately doubles recovery of
floats; cleans the bog while it works; will NOT injure bog or
vines.

The SEMPOS FLOAT BOAT is jet-propelled, uses jet agitation.
and carries the operator.

Inquire about our Lease Arrangement that means Increased

Profits for You

Sempos Products Company

MANUFACTURERS AND FLOAT CONTRACTORS

Box 36 Tel. Wareham 1030 East Wareham, Mass.

signs, and it is expected additional
boats will be built next year for
use of NCA members. The other
boat was built by George R. Briggs
of Plymouth and has the word
"Eatmor" on the tail fin, or rud-
der, which is mostly in the air, yet
steers. This was tried out at the
State Bog September 30th, and on
other bogs. It is described as a
refinement of the Jersey idea.

Both boats practically skim the
surface, but first tests have been
described as extremely satisfac-
tory.

Necsco Offers
Fall Fertilizing
by Helicopter

After having made tests to de-
termine the practicability of
spreading fertilizer by 'copter, New
England Cranberry Sales Company
is ready to offer this service to
members this fall. That fertilizing
this fall would be feasible was de-
termined after an experimental
fertilizing at the Loon Pond bog,
Lakeville, of Arthur D. Benson.
This was the second experiment,
the first by NECSCO having been
made at the State bog in August.

Approximately an acre, which
was a long and narrow acre, of new
planting was covered by the 'cop-
ter in three trips, approximately
350 pounds of straight (7-7-7) Ag-

rico fertilizer having been used.
The 'copter was that of the Wig-
gins Airways, Inc., which has been
providing the machines for New
England Sales 'copter program this
summer, pilot "Jack" Connelly.
Those present included Dr. F. B.
Chandler and "Joe" Kelley of the
Experiment Station and Harold
Eldredge, Wareham agent for the
North American Agricultural
Chemical Company of Weymouth,
manufacturers of Agrico.

At the conclusion of the tests,
consensus of opinion was that
there was better coverage than by
ground fertilizer spreaders, and the
'copter could be used in a fall fer-
tilizing program to good advan-
tage. It was admitted that the ap-
plication was not perfect, and that
refinements in the material itself
and in the hopper gates will prob-
ably give better results. The main
objective of the tests was sub-
stantiated, that is, that 'copter
fertilizing is practical and that
improvement through experiment
will eventually make this practice
a highly satisfactory one. 'Cop-
ters can spot fertilize, as well as
give general coverage, which would

Cranberry Bogs
Bought and Sold

on Cape Cod

ROBERT R. LARKIN
Realtor

West Harwich, Mass.

Tel. Har. 511-1-W

FOR SALE: Cranberry marsh, two homes, equipment com-
prised of bull-dozer, truck, etc., and 240 acres land. 2 miles north
of Millston, Wisconsin on County Trunk O. Reason for selling, ill
health. Roussopoulos Brothers, Box 93, Holiday Acres, Millston,
Wisconsin.

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

BOG MANAGEMENT

17 Court St.
Plymouth, Mass.

~-SJq . *-" / Tels: Plymouth 1622

^'d/_ / Kingston 319

®J /

If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will
pay you to see us.

A number of properties available, more wanted.

be much more difficult with a
straight-wing plane.

Fertilizing tests have also been
conducted by NCA at the R. M.
Andrews bogs in South Carver.

JARI POWER SCYTHE

Cuts weeds, grass, brush
Write for details

CALCO

Rainmaker j

I'ortable Steel Pipe ]

Milorganite \

Organic 6% Nitrogen Fertilizer ;

mm IRRIGATIOH

^ Wifh

LESS
WATER

A Model For
Every Pressure

for Form, OrcfHTrd or Truck Garden. Eatlly
ond quickly indijjnted on any irrigation pipf.
Heavy duty IfrtiK and bronze construction
for long <erv^ Sand and dirt proof. Wa-
ter lubricated^Eorings— no oil or grease re-
quired. No f^ moving parte to rapidly
wear out. tA&tmum coverage— even dlitri-
bution. M

^ BUCKNER MANUFACTURING C0.(,
teiS Blackitone Ave., Freeno, Callfomia

BUCKNER SPRINKLERS

'::i^Ia^X

Cfl

CO.

lUI WASHINUTON STREET
WEST NEWTON G5. MASS.

Twenty-four

The cranberry grower has two primary interests:

1. The net return for his crop.

2. The quality and consumer reputaticn of the finished
products.

Through the years on Cape Cod we have boupht berries at prices which
have averaged more profit for our suppliers. And throughout the whole
nation Dromedary has become a by-word for quality.

On both scores Dromedary has faithfully served the primary inter-
ests of cranberry growers.

THE HILLS BROTHERS COMPANY
Peter A. LeSage, Agent

Plymouth
Tel. 740

Yarmouth
Tel. Barnstable 107

Call

JL eter x\» JLi e 1^

age

64

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 740

KEEP SMILING"

Peter A. LeSage vermouth

Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries Tei. Barnstable i07

Twenty-five

Crowley Reports
Eastern Trip to
Washington Growers

Long Beach, Washington — A

well attended meeting of the Long
Beach Cranberry club was held
Friday evening, Sept. 10th, in the
Freezer Building. Leonard Mor-
ris, president of the club, presented
a myrtle wood gavel to the club.

Nolan Servoss, Assistant County
Agent, told the growers about the
weed collection which he is making
from the cranberry bogs and showed
them how the specimens are pressed
and cared for. A resolution was
passed by the group to be sent to
Washington, D. C, asking for the
continuance of cranberry breeding
and research work by the United
States Department of Agriculture.

Mr. Crowley, superintendent of
the Cranberry-Blueberry Labora-
tory, who has recently returned
from the Eastern cranberry-grow-
ing- districts, gave an interesting
account of his trip. His first stop
was for a brief visit with Dr.

George M. Darrow of the United
States Department of Agriculture
at Washington, D. C. In New Jer-
sey Mr. Crowley visited with
Charles A. Doehlert of the Cran-
berry-Blueberry Laboratory at
Pemberton. He was shown all

LLOYD M. HENDRICK

Registered Architect

Architect-Engineer

Public, Commercial and

Domestic Work

BAKER BLDG. BUZZARDS BAY

AND POCASSET, MASS.

BOLENS GARDEN TRACTORS

(WITH SICKLE BAR ATTACHMENT)

ROTOTILLERS
ENGINE DRIVEN GENERATORS

FOR EMERGENCY AND ALL TYPES OF APPLICATIONS

BRIGGS & STRATTON ENGINES

PORTABLE PUMPS

POWER MOWER EQUIPMENT

Complete Mechanical Service

INDUSTRIAL ENGINES— from Vz H. P. to 100 H. P.

Alan Painten Company

Established 1922

Hanover, Mass.

Tel. Hanover 334

We are "All Set" to serve Massachusetts Growers

* WITH ANY JOB OF BOG RENOVATION.

* NEW BOG CONSTRUCTION

* BOG MAINTENANCE

We have Power Shovels (3) ; Tractor Bulldozers (3) ; Cranes, Scrapers, 90-
Yard Screener; Power Winches, Drag-.;ers: Road Grader — 30 competent Oper-
ators and employes— AND THE NECESSARY EXPERIENCE AND KNOW-
HOW.

E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Pranconia Service Station

Freight Transportation (including cranberrie.s
in season). Heavy equipment hauling.
Tel. 227

Franconia Coal Co.

Water-White Kerosene for Weed Control this
spring.

Tel. 39-R

Tires, Tubes, Batteries, Auto and Truck Re-
pairing and Greasing. Jenney Gasoline and
Motor Oils.

Distributors for
MACK and INTERNATIONAL TRUCKS

Tel. 39-R

CAULT CONSTRUCTION COMPANY

"EDDIE" T. GAULT, JR.

Main St., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. 227

Twenty-six

the experimental work being car-
ried on at the New Jersey Station
and met many growers, including
one who has a larger cranberry
acreage than the cranberry acre-
age of the entire state of Washing-
ton.

With Mr. Doehlert, Mr. Crowley
drove to Plymouth, Mass., passing
through five states in one day. In
Massachusetts the men were met
by Dr. H. J. Franklin, Superintend-
ent of the Massachusetts Cranberry
Experiment Station. Dr. Franklin,
Dr. Chandler and other members
of the staff showed them the work
being carried on at the Station and
elsewhere on the Cape. C. J. Hall,
editor of the national cranberry
magazine, entertained them at din-
ner at the Eagle Hill Farm Inn at
Plymouth and later at his home in
East Wareham. Crowley spoke to
oetween five and six hundred cran-
serry growers of the Cape Cod
I^ranberry Growers' Association on
cranberry growing on the West
Doast. He was also a guest speak-
;t at the Wareham Kiwanis club.

More dusting than spraying is
lone in Massachusetts for control
)f cranberry insects, and both heli-

copters and airplanes are used to
apply the dust, he told the grow-
ers.

\yhile in Massachusetts, Crowley
met Dr. F. J. Sievers, Dean of the
College of Agriculture at the Uni-

versity of Massachusetts and head
of the agricultural exprimnt sta-
tions. Dr. Sievers was an old friend,
having been a college professor at
Washington State College when
Crowley was attending school and

THOMAS BROTHERS
General Contractors

MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

Tel. Midcleboro 772

Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells
Transit Mix Concrete

Complete Line of Construction Equipment
Excavating - Grading - Hauling

Leave the Tough Jobs for Us
Our Experience is Your Guarantee

*

StokelySy

FINEST

A PROBLEM, and

the SOLUTION

It is the problem of the cranberry grower to decide
how to dispose of the berries he is to have processed
this fall.

He wants returns which are satisfactory — in view
of present day costs and prices. He wants the assur-
ance of prompt and reliable service.

A SOLUTION which will be satisfactory in all re-
spects is to send these berries to a processor who has
already achieved a top reputation within the cranberry
industry — Stokely's Finest is nationally advertised in
15 National Magazines every month and has a national reputation for its products,
and the organization to dispose of them.

Such a processor is

STOKELY FOODS, Inc.

A Subsidiary of
STOKELY-VAN CAMP, INC. INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA

Twenty-seven

took classes from him.

At Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin,
Crowley was met by H. F. Bain, a
former colleague, who spent sev-
eral years on the West coast in
cranberry work and is now work-
ing- with the cranberry growers in
Wisconsin. Crowley was a guest
of the Bains in their home while
in Wisconsin. They went over the
many seedling selections which Mr.
Bain has in plots. A number of
these seedlings will be sent to Long
Beach where they will be planted
at Cranguyma Farm for trials.

Mr. Crowley found the trip en-
joyable and very instructive, but
the hot weather, with temperatures
of 95 to 100, was with him most
of the time. He stated, however,
that the hospitality shown him in
New Jersey, Massachusetts and
Wisconsin more than made up for

TJTTWn^WnWT,

YEZinSi

I Full horsepower motor

9 Positive Ktion. multi-
ple disc clutch.

A Full sized dielectric
alloy tteel tines.

T

the discomfort the weather caused the meeting by Mrs. E. 0. Chabot, I

him. Mrs. Dave Newkirk and Mrs. Leon- (

Refreshments were served after ard Morris. L

SUCCESS is achieved by wise planning. Make in-
creased use of ELECTRICITY a part of your planning
for greater achievement.

AR ENS COMPANY

.llf^li'BVJH

Plymouth County Electric Co.

WAREHAM
Tel. 200

PLYMOUTH
Tel. 1300

\

WHY

BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY for the distribution

of the 1947 crop?

Beco use

Beaton's Distributing Agency has pioneered in nevf meth-
ods of marketing, such as the half and quarter bbl. box, and
last fall, a new type of container complete with cellophane
bags, with recipes to be prepared at the retail level.

Because

Beaton's Distributing Agency offers a market for all your
berries, both fresh and processed.

Becmise

Beaton's Distributing Agency is a growers' organization
with the best interests of the industry at heart.

BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY

DISTRIBUTORS

Cape Cod Cranberries

EXCLUSIVELY
WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Telephone Wareham

970
130

\

Twenty -eie:ht

Le£s Look at the Record!

Facts speak for themselves — and for us.

Your neighbor who delivered his Cranberries to
Minot can tell you those facts . .

Ask him about . . .

• The Amount of His Advance
Payment from Minot

• The Total Per Barrel Received
from Minot

• The Promptness of Payments
from Minot

We will let our performance
speak for itself

MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS INC.

BRIDGETON NEW JERSEY

I

I

Represented by
BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY

WAREHAM, MASS.

There s a New

Look Nowadays

But Two Things Never Change

Just as cranberries will presumably continue to grow
on vines in the foreseeable future; these two facts appear
just as self-evident:

1. As long as growers continue to control their crops
democratically, the cranberry industry will continue to
thrive.

2. As reorganized in 1919 and operated ever since, the
American Cranberry Exchange is based on the thought,
effort, and opinion of every member, large and small.

In a year of confused market conditions such as 1947,
this democratic control and interest only in bridging the gap
between vine and consumer will again prove to growers that
they are capable of managing their own affairs through
their Cooperative.

The American Cranberry Exchange, Inc.

The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative

Marketers of world-famous EATMOR Cranberries
CHICAGO NEW YORK

ERVINC A $12,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY

:ape cod
new jersey
wisconsin

OREGON
WASHINGTON

30 Cents

E. L. BARTHOLOMEW. MassarhusettB. takes his ease before his unique lireplaee. I>t..r.v p

1947 November

Just As the Navigator
Depends Oil the Sextant

Most producers of cranberries in New -Jersey depend on the GROWERS
CRANBERRY COMPANY to market their ci»ops. If you are looking
for the best in Marketing and Supplies Service; look to the Growers
Cranberry Company, where you will find complete teatisfaction; backed
by over 52 years' experience.

Growers Cranberry Company, Inc.

peMbef^t6n-, new Jersey

ThanJ^sgiving —

IS A TIME FOR
SUMMING UP =- THE
HARVEST IS OVER

Members of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales OoWpafly suln up the advant-
ages of their co-operative with thankfulness — year alter year.

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

A True Cooperative — One Member, One Vot6

— - ■

JjuUd a Market . . .

a^ faH ai y.ou (Build Sog,^!

Growers report that about 1500 acres of new cranberry bogs were planted in 1947.
Cranberry production is expanding, and with it the market must expand also.

To make certain that the deman;' for Ocean Spray always will keep ahead of the
supply, NCA is spending $200,000 for the biggest advertising campaign in its history
... to win new consumers, aiid to t"aeh old consumers to eat more cranberry sauce.

In thousands of retail stores all over the country, wide-awake grocers are tieing
in with this campaign and buildings Ocean Spray displays like the above one in the Elm
Farm Fooa Store in Brookline, Massachusetts.

All this is making increased Ocean Spray sales to keep pace with increasing crops.

JOIN WITH NCA TO BUILD A MARKET FOR BIGGER CROPS

National Cranberry Association

The Growers' Cooperative

Hanson, Massachusetts
Onset, Massachusetts
Plymouth, Massachusetts

Branches at:

North Harwich, Massachusetts
Dennis, Massachusetts
Bordentown, New Jersey
North Chicago, Illinois

Coquille, Oregon
Markham, Washington
Long Beach, Washington

DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREHAM 162

S. G. M. Packard & Co.

Hardware — Locksmiths
For Maintenance Supplies

Middleborough
Trust Company

MIDDLEBORO
MASS.

Member of

The Federal Deposit

Insurance Corporation

Marinette &
Menominee Box Co.

* Marinette, Wisconsin

BOXES. BOX SHOCKS. CRATING
WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES

M & M's 64th Year

Serving the Wisconsin
Cranberry Growers

Extensive Experience in

ELECTRICAL WORK

At ScreenhoussB, Boft and
Pumps Menns Satiafaction

ALFRED PAPPI

WAREHAM. MASS. T.l. 626

Serving

Western Cranberry

Growers

with

High Quality Products

Rotenone

Pyrethrum

DDT Sprays & Dusts

Nicotine

Copper Sprays

Oil Sprays

Lime Sulphur Solution

MILLER PRODUCTS C

PORTinND I. OREGON

Attention
Cranberry
Growers ! !

We have

Drain Pipe

Large Sized Terra Gotta
Makes a Permanent Installation

RALPH W. ELLIOT

Sandwicli Rd., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 794

Mail Address: Buzzards Bay, RFD

Plumbing and Heating Service

Morris April Bros.

Bridgeton - Tuckahoe

New Jersey

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

H. R. Bailey Co.

South Carver
Massachusetts

1

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.
in stock

i

* 1

11

Cranberry Growers: j

WE ARE IN POSITION TO i
SUPPLY YOU WITH YOUR
1947 CRANBERRY CON- i
TAINERS j

also 1

Good Quality
Wheeling Plank j

Quotations on Request

F. H. COLE I

North Carver, Mass.

Est. 1707
WOODEN BOX MFGR.

Harshest

and

Shipping
Boxes

Jesse A. Holmes & Son

Carver, Mass. J

Tel. Carver 10-3

SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY

ADAMS 6? GOULD

Acushnet

Lumber Dealers

Cape & Vineyard

Saw MiUs Co.

"Everything Under Cover"
East Wareham, Mass.

Electric Company

GOOD

Tel. Wareham 648

WOOD BOXES

Offices:

Cranberry Growers

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Chatham

Falmouth

Order Harvest and
Shipping Boxes

Paints - Hardware

Hyannis

Vineyard Haven

New Bedford, Mass.

Est. 1865

Grossman's

Establlihcd 1848

Hall & Cole

Wood

On Cape Cod

"EVERYTHING TO

Incorporated

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

County
National

BUILD WITH"

94 Fancnil Hall Market 102
BOSTON, MASS.

Bank

Opposite R. R. Station

Sagamore, Mass.

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES
SPECIALTIES

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

778

Tels. Sagamore 779

Car Lot Receivers

MEMBER FEDERAL DKPOdT
INSURANCE CORPORATION

KROP-SAVER

brand

The National Ba

nk of Wareham

INSECTICIDES

Conveniently located

for Cranberry men

FUNCIC DES

Funds always availa

ble for sound loans

For the Cranberry Grower

CROP-SAVER

Complete Ban

king Service

CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc.

3511 West Potomac Avenue
Chicago 51, niinois

Member Fede

ral Deposit Insurance Corp.

Massachusetts to
Choose the Third ^
"Cranberry Queen"

18 Contestants for Corona-
tion Nov. 14— ACE Of-
fers Trip to New York,
NCA Wardrobe and Meet-
ing with Celebrity

ford W. Collins, chairman, Mrs.
William F. Kiernan, Mrs. Lawrence
Riihardson, Mrs. Earl Denham,
Mrs. Ellis D. Atwood, Mrs. Lester
Boynton, Mrs. Fred A. Wing.

Any young- woman of Massachu-
setts may enter other than a win-
ner of a previous contest.

As this is written there are 18
candidates, by far the largest
number of entries yet.

Grange, Bandon Active club. Vet-
erans of Foreign Wars, American
Legion and Auxiliary, Bandon Rid-
ing club, Odd Fellows, Masons, and
Chamber of Commerce.

Dave B. Philpott is president of
the as.sociation, William S. Stewart
vice president, and Earl McTim-
mons, secretary and treasurer.

For the third successive year a
Massachusetts "Cranberry Queen"
will be chosen and crowned at the
annual Massachusetts Cranberry
Queen Coronation, Festival and
cance. Memorial Town Hall, Ware-
ham, Massachusetts, Friday even-
ing, Nov. 14, the affair starting at
8 o'clock. Event is sponsored, as
in the past, by Wareham Post, No.
220, American Legion and its aux-
iliary.

This year cranberry growers are
getting more into the picture, as
American Cranberry Exchange and
the New England Cranberry Sales
Company will provide a three-day
trip to New York and National
Cranberry Association will outfit
the new queen and hopes to have
her meet a celebrity in New York.
A gift of $25.00 by the Wareham
Kiwanis club will also be made to
assist in the outfit, plus other
donations by local business and
cranberry men, which will provide
a shower of gifts more elaborate
than in other years.

Another change this year is that
a board of judges will select the
queen rather than popular ballot.
This will consist of a group of
cranberry men with Cledge Rob-
erts, director of the Harbor (sum-
mer) Playhouse of Marion.

There will be several contests,
these inducing ticket sale, the win-
ner to receive S25; $15 second
prize, and $10 third prize; cran-
berry guessing contest in which
estimates are made of the number
of cranberries in a container, and
door prize.

Music for dancing will be by Al
Reeves of Boston, and there will be
several acts of professional vaude-
ville. General chairman is Alton
H. Worrall, chairman Wareham
Board of Selectmen. H. A. Sud-
dard is chairman of ticket commit-
tee, and cranberry queen entries
are made to a committee, Mrs. Clif-

Oregon Now to
Have Its Own
"Cranberry Queen'

Various Organizations o f
Bandon Area Sponsoring
"Queen" Two-Day Pro-
gram, Including Festival
and "Cranberry Bowl"
Game

Oregon is to have its first cran-
berry festival with the choosing of
a "Cranberry Queen", it is an-
nounced, this to be November 14th
and 15th at Bandon. Fifteen per-
sons, representing 11 diff"erent or-
ganizations of the area, have
formed an association and ap-
pointed committees.

The program will include the
queen contest, coronation ball,
cranberry bowl football game and
festival. Eligibility requirements
for the queen are that any girl
must be either a high school junior
or senior with average or better
grades, must be a I'esident of the
area between Silverton and Port
Orford, and be unmarriec. She
must be sponsored by an organiza-
tion in the area. Only one organi-
zation may officially sponsor each
candidate. Queen contestants will
each receive a formal gown and
floral corsage for the ball. Judges
will be three persons from outside
the area. Scoring of the contest-
ants will be on the basis of 80 per-
cent for ticket sales and 20 per
cent for "queenliness", the latter
to be determined by the three
judges. In this ticket voting there
will be a stub with a spa 'e for
writing in the name of the con-
testant voted for.

Organizations represented are
Randolph Woman's club, Bullards
Rifle and Pistol club, Westniost

H. D. Duckart
Heads Mid-West
Cranberry Co-op.

Henry F. Duckart of Wisconsin
Rapids has been elected president
of the Midwest Cranberry Cooper-
ative at that group's recent meet-
ing at Wisconsin Rapids. He suc-
ceeds Albert H. Hedler of Phillips.

Vice president is O. O. Potter of
Warrens, William F. Thiele of Wis-
consin Rapids secretary and treas-
urer, and Leo A. Sorenson of Wis-
consin the manager. Directors are
Fred Lange of Black River Falls,
R. R. Pease of Mather. Mr. Hedler,
Charles L. Lewis and Guy Potter
represent Wisconsin members of
NCA on the board of directors.

Announcement was made at this
meeting that the Midwest expects
to procuce about 70,000 barrels of
Wisconsin's total crop, which was
estimated at 120,000 and is now
estimated at 135.000.

WEST COAST KIWANIS CLUB
FEATURES CRANBERRIES

A showing of colored slides was
given October 6th at the Ilwaco-
Long Beach, Washington, Kiwanis
club dinner party by Dr. J. H.
Clarke of Cranguyma farms, which
featured pictures of the farm and
other cranberry scenes. These in-
cluded the building of the Cran-
guyma bog, cranberry plantings at
Coos Bay, Oregon, Grayland, Wash-
ington, some in New Jersey and
Massachusetts taken by Dr. Clark
before he went to the West Coast.

The dinner was featured by a
number of the various jellies and
jams made by Cranguyma Cannery,
Inc., from cranberries, some of
which were flavored with raspr
berries and oranges. Leonard Mor-
ris was chairman of the evening.

Four

Issue of November. 1947 — Vol. 12. No. 7

Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham. Massachusetts. Subscription, $3.00 per year.
Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-ofEce at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879.

FRESH FROM THE FIELDS

By C J. H.

Government
Oct. Estimate

Ocober 15 release (as of Oct. 1)
of U. S. Department of Agricul-
ture Crop Reporting Service:
United States Cranberry pros-
pects declined somewhat during
September. Production is now
estimated at 743,300 barrels, 13
per cent below the large 1946
crop of 857,100 barrels, but 16
per cent above average.
New England Crop Reporting
Service, Oct. 15th released the
following for Massachusetts:

"Hot, dry weather during much
of September reduced production
prospects of cranberries in Mas-
sachusetts. By October 1, most
growers had finished harvesting
Early Blacks with actual har-
vested yields somewhat below
those anticipated earlier. Mas-
sachusetts production of cranber-
ries based on October 1 condi-
tions is placed at 470,000 barrels,
a decline of 35,000 barrels from
the August estimates. Last
year's production was 553,000
barrels and the 10-year average
424,900 barrels. On most bogs
berries are reported as medium
in size. Quality and keeping
prospects are moderately good
this year. Fruit worm damage
is light, although somewhat
greater than in 1946. The har-
vest was oelayed, as berries were
slow in ripening. Since Septem-
ber 20, frequent flooding of bogs
has been necessary to prevent
serious frost damage. Available
reports show 52 per cent of the
crop to be Early Blacks, 44 per
cent Howes, and 4 per cent other
varieties.

(Continued on Pagt 22)

Believe Eastern
Crop Smaller
Than Figured

While the early November re-
lease of the Gov't Crop Reporting
Service was being awaited, specula-
tion was that the crop in both
Massachusetts and New Jersey
would run under the October Gov-
ernment estimate; Wisconsin, per-
haps a little higher, and the West
Coast about as anticipated.

Estimates for Massachusetts
yield ran all the way from 400,000
to "not more than 450,000." The
latter figure is that of Dr. Frank-
lin, while A. D. Benson, N. E. Cran-
berry Sales, was saying 425,000,
and M. C. Beaton of Beaton's Dis-
tributing Agency was "sticking to
435,0000." Other estimates were
all in this range.

Unoflicial guesses in New Jersey
were 60-65,000, although some still
felt 70,000 would be reached. Wis-
consin was said to be now expect-
ing 140,000 and the Coast about
63,000.

Even if these reduced figures
should prove to be correct, the to-
tal will be larger than the last 10-
year average of 639,830.

Oct. Drought in
East Ended at
End of the Month

The unusual "Indian Summer"
weather with the prolonged drought
in Massachusetts which began dur-
ing the summer and was broken
October 29 with .59 inches of rain
and much more the next two days,
had been the bewilderment of cran-
berry growers (as well as everyone

else in the state). Day had fol-
lowed day with beautiful blue
skies — except for several days be-
ginning October 24th when smoke
from the tremendous Maine forest
fires and lesser fires in Massachu-
setts, swept over the cranberry
area, so thick that the sun became
only a dull, yellow ball. Temper-
atures were high, much of the
time it being "shirt-sleeve" wea-
ther. Everything was like tinder.

The same unseasonably warm
weather prevailing over most of
the country did the cranberry mar-
ket no good — and, in fact, there
was dull demand for cranberries
by the end of October. Car ship-
ments through Middleboro on Oct.
27 were 319 as against 497 last
year. The price mostly held, al-
though a few small lots here and
there were sold for less. N. E.
Sales Company Blacks were prac-
tically all being disposed of at the
opening $6.75, Manager Benson
said. However, he characterized
the season as a "tough" one. Bea-
ton's Distributing Agency, Ware-
ham, reported the market as hold-
ing up fairly well, and that it prob-
ably would have been strong ex-
cept for the warm weather. The
weather was, of course, bad for the
berries in screenhouses and in
transit, as well as in the market.

On October 22 the National op-
ened its season on Howes, quoting
S7.00 a quarter. On Oct. 16 the
Exchange had quoted Wisconsin
to its brokers at from $6.75 a quar-
ter for Badgers to McFarlin "Fan-
cies" at $7.00. At that time Gen-
eral Manager Chaney was expect-
ing the crop would be approximate-
ly 170,000 less than 1946.

ACE announced its opening on
Howes Nov. 3 at $7.00 a quarter,
(Continued on Pa^e 23)

Five

Massachusetts' New Extension
Cranberry Specialist on Job

"Dick" Beattie, Now Located
at East Wareham, Begins
Work with Enthusiasm

J. Richard Beattie, who was
named to the newly-created posi-
tion of Extension Cranberry Spec-
ialist for Massachusetts by R. A.
Van Meter, acting president of the
University of Massachusetts, be-
gan his work Oct. 1 with headquar-
■ ters at the Cranberry Experiment
Station, East Wareham. Since the
middle of October he has been mak-
ing his home with his wife and
two children at 76 Depot street,
East Wareham. Beattie, until he
resigned to take up this project,
has been county agent of Plymouth
County under Director J. T. Brown
of the Extension Service with head-
quarters at the Courthouse, Brock-
ton.

This is a brand new type of cran-
berry job, combining association in
research, field service of the exten-
sion type, and something of a
"public relations" position between
the scientific side and the actual
growing of cranberries. Beattie
is entering with enthusiasm into
this work in which he sincerely
hopes he can be of service to the
growers of Massachusetts. Yet he
feels that he can learn a gi'eat deal
from the growers themselves, par-
ticularly as to what kind of assist-
ance they most want.

"Dick" Beattie is already well
and favorably known to many Mas-
sachcsetts growers through his
work as county agent, in which he
specialized in cranberry activities.
He came to Plymouth County in
1940 as assistant county agent and
was made county agent in 1945.
Born in Lynn, Massachusetts, he
was taken to Guildhall, Vermont,
when a very small boy, where he
lived on a dairy farm, which gave
him pretty much of a farm back-
ground (CRANBERRIES, March
1944). He graduated from Lan-
caster Acaaemy in 1932, Mt. Her-
mon prep school in 1935, and from
the University of New Hampshire
with a B. S. degree in agriculture
in 1939. In 1940 he received his
master's degree. He is an ento-
mologist and forester by training.

Beattie's Past Achievements

As county agent, Beattie hung
up a number of achievements which
have laid a foundation for his com-
ing work. These include:

Development of an active cran-
berry program through the medium
of two cranberry clubs (which had
been organized previously) name-
ly, the Southeastern and the South
Shore clubs. These have active
growers' advisory committees which
Make suggestions as to program,
with grower participation featured.
Attendance has increased and cur-
ing 1946 average attendance was
127 at six meetings in Plymouth
County.

A cranberry root grub campaign
was instituted in 1946. Root grub
is No. 1 insect pi-oblem in Plymouth
County, with an estimated 42 per
cent 01 acreage damaged. 85
growers are enrolled in this cam-
paign. They have a total acreage
of 5,103. Beattie was appointed
chairman of the special root grub
campaign committee.

A very successful cranberry
school was organized in Plymouth
County, there being 198 growers
eni'olled with an average attend-
ance of 140 at 7 sessions, to date.

There was developed a special
insect control reminder program,
this being basec on information
gathered from Dr. Franklin an'
his co-workers at ths Slatinn.

Beattie, working closely with Dr.
Franklin, assisted in the regular
radio frost warning system and al-
so helped develop an extended fore-
cast to cover an extra 24 hour per-
iod whenever possible.

A series of sectional fruit worm
meetings has been developed. In
1947 with three meetings, 2.S5
growers were reached. In 1945
Beattie had spent a week at the
Experiment Station working o"
this project.

Labor-saving devices have been
discussed at the club meetings
through panel discussions. Beattie
is also taking 2x2 Kodachrome
slides for use at such meetings, a"
a visual aid to instruction.

Prior to the appointment of Dv
F. B. Chandler to the Massachu-
setts Station, Beattie worked one

season with Dr. Colby and Profes-
sor Donaldson arranging and set-
ting up fertilizer plots.
Objectives He Hopes to Achieve

In pointing out objectives which
should be set up for the new posi-
tion, Beattie emphasizes the
strength of the Massachusetts in-
dustry. He points to the fact the
crop is now conservatively esti-
mated as a $15,000,000 enterprise
and that the state's acreage is now
14,927, and 1,799 acres will be put
in in the next three years, accord-
ing to the recent survey by Crop
Reporting Service. He is im-
pressed by the excellent jobs that
helicopters and straight-wing
planes are doing in insect control
and that heavy construction ma-
chinery is standard equipment
with growers. He expects to see
the average production greatly in-
creased within the next ten years,
and in some progressive instances
doubled. He points to the pro-
gressiveness of the industry in
marketing and that two aggressive
cooperatives and other marketing
agencies have eliminated the sell-
ing of cranberries as an individual
problem.

Mr. Beattie has set out an out-
line of five major problems for
himself to tackle. These are the
root grub problem; greater utiliz-
ation of seasonal help; better for-
estry practices; reaching new grow-
ers to be sure they understand the
problems of cranberry growing be-
fore they invest their capital; dis-
seminating the information learned
at the experiment so it will meet
all growers for whom it is intend-
ed.

He says:

For root grub, the specialist
should work closely with county
agents in all ways, assist in meet-
ings and demonstrations, check
bogs, visit bogs, and assist in pub-
licity.

As concerns seasonal help, he
feels the specialist should help in
determining the possibilities of
new forest enterprises, such as
possibly a "chipping" plant and a
timber preserving plant. Cran-
berry growers have large holdings
in timber land, he points out. Inci-
dentally Beattie majored in for-
estry in college and has always
been much interested in the sub-
ject.

Six

As a means of educating the new
grower to cranberry problems, the
specialist should assist in the cran-
berry schools.

As a means of disseminating in-
formation, the specialist, working
closely with the Experiment Sta-
tion, would see that county agents
and also growers are kept properly
informed on developments. Up to
the present time it has been nec-
essary to call upon the research
men for this type of information,
which has been very time-consum-
ing.

The "job" of the new specialist
should be to study and assemble
the abundance of information al-
ready available at the Experiment
Station and see that it reaches the
growers by keeping county agents
posted on up-to-date information,
and that the specialist shoulo as-
sume the major responsibilities for
teaching growers the late cultural
practices. The specialist should be
responsible for an insect collection
which could be used at meetings
and demonstrations. The specialist
would assist the station in collect-
ing field data, and should spend a
good part of his time in the field;
he should learn the growers' prob-
lems and there should be more
demonstrations.

To Prepare CRANBERRIES
Articles

The specialist should assist the
Experiment Station, assist Crop
Reporting Service in obtaining re-
liable reports; assist Conservation
Sei-vice; Agricultural Conservation
Program; National Cranberry As-
sociation; New England Cranberry
Sales Company; Cape Cod Cran-
berry Growers' Association; the
four cranberry clubs, and any oth-
er organization working for good
of the industry.

Seattle believes colored slides of
cranberry growing have a real
place as a teaching technique, also
movies. He intends to issue spec-
ial circxilars during the active sum-
mer and fall season. •'CRANBER-
RIES" is also gratified that in ad-
dition to the bulletins, the new
Cranberry Specialist plans to pre-
pare a contribution each month up-
on special items of interest which
could include new experimental
work at the Station, announcements
of new cultural practices and rec-

ommendations. The first of these
will appear in the December issue.
It is an ambitious program which
Mr. Beattie has laid out for him-
self—and the industry should be
greatly benefitted thereby.

Cranberries Now
Grow Experiment-
ally in Poland

Cranberry vines are now grow-
ing experimentally upon a small
planting in Poland, CRANBER-
RIES learns in a letter from
Stephen A. Pieniazek, professor of
Pomology, Osada Palacowa, Skier-
niesice, Poland. Prof. Pieniazek
writes:

"I am interested in the possibil-
ity of introducing to Poland the
American cranberry (Vaccinium
macrocarpon). Wareham cran-
berry station has kindly provided
me with seed . . the seed came
last spring and several fine rows
of seedlings are already growing
on our grounds. I hope to multi-
ply this material and take it soon
to the bog. We have enough of
marshy land well suited to the
cranberry.

"Our cranberry work is a part
of a larger project on utilization
of the genus of Vaccinium. I am
especially interested in American
blueberries, so far almost unknown
in Poland, and in Vaccinium vitis
Idaes, a native plant here. It has
small red berries, semi-sweet, ex-
cellent for juice."

He continued that he had spent
eight years in the United States,
and had the opportunity of learning
a little of the American cranberry
industry. Upon returning to Pol-
and last year, he started prepar-

atory work for establishing bogs
there.

There is only one species of
cranberry in Central Europe, he
said, that being Vaccinium oxycoc-
cos, growing wild, which is com-
mon in Eastern Poland, whence
most cranberries were coming
from before the war, but present
Poland boundaries are such that
the cranberry is not as common as
it was.

The seeds were sent via air mail
from the Station at East Wareham
by Dr. F. B. Chandler at the re-
quest of the Polish professor.

BE A REGULAR
READER OF

CRANBERRIES

It's a good

Thought to subscribe

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A "Steel" Man Turns to the Growing of Cranberries

'I

By CLARENCE J. HALL

Edward L. Bartholomew of Wareham, Massachusetts, is a steel man
who has "retired" to the operation of 55 acres of cranberry bog. This
metallurgist and engineer is one of many men of varied occupations, fin-
ally casting in their lot with the growing of cranberries.

Last August Mr. Bartholomew was elected 2nd vice-president of the
Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association. He was made a director of
the New England Cranberry Sales Company in 1945 and became a direc-
tor of the American Cranberry Exchange last spring. Although he had
been a cranberry grower since about 1926, it is only since 1944 that he
has given his full effort to the business. In the past few years he has
assumed a substantial rating in the affairs of the Massachusetts unit of
the American Exchange and this year in the national councils of ACE.
His election to a vice presidency of the largest of growers' associations
at the annual meeting this past summer has added to his stature in the
cranberry industry.

Mr. Bartholomew is one of the
firmest of believers in cooperation
for the cranberry grower. He is
all out for the "one-member, one-
vote" form of co-operative. Even
so he believes there should be com-
petition. He does not expect, and
would not like to see every grower
in one big co-operative. "Good,
healthy competition is good", he
says.

He became a grower of cran-
berries when he was looking about
for some occupation which would
be in the nature of an "annuity"
for his older years. He decided
the ownership of cranberry bogs
was the best thing he could find.

Vermont Born

He was born June 30, 1884, at
Benson, Vermont, Jhe son of a
farmer, so his turning to agricul-
ture when he gave up the steel
business was not illogical. He at-
tended prep school at Mt. Hebron
at East Northfield, Massachusetts,
and was gracuated from the Uni-
versity of Vermont with a B. S. in
chemistry in 1908.

He first came to the cranberry
growing area of Massachusetts in
1908, as a chemist for the Tremont
Nail Company, which at that time
had open hearth furnaces in steel
rolling mills at Tremont. The
superintendent then was Forrest
Larcher. He was appointed supei'-
intendent of this plant in 1918
and made steel for the Government
during World War L It was when
this plant was to be closed down
and he feared he might be trans-
ferred "to Africa" or some other

faraway place, that he made the
decision to invest in cranberry bog.

He, however, was transferred to
the Beverly plant of the United
Shoe Machinery Corporation and
was made chief metallurgist of the
plant. He worked in this capacity
for about 10 years and during this
time was very active at the plant.
He was also news chairman of the
Boston Chapter of the American
Society for Metals, and was later
elected one of the national direc-
tors for the American Society for
Metals. He holds several metal-
lurgical patents taken out during
this period.

In 19.39 he was appointed chief
mechanical engineer of the Beverly
plant and served in this capacity
until he retired. During World
War II this plant manufactured
37mm. guns, also other equipment
for the Government. At the con-
clusion of this work he retired to
the Cape and cranberries.

During the time he bought his
first bog and while he was still
with the United Shoe Machinery
Corporation his cranberry interests
were managed by "Joe" Gaboon of
Wareham, a Cape Codder who came
UD from Barnstable County to
Wareham with years of experience
in cranberries. Although retired
from steel, Mr. Bartholomew's oc-
cupation in cranberries has been
anything except "retirement" in
the usual sense of the word.

The first bog, which he bought
in 1926 was a property of the late
Joseph Holmes at Pierceville, which
happened to be scarcely more than

a long stone's throw from the of-
fice of the Tremont Nail company
where be had worked. This prop-
erty is one of 18 acres, built a con-
siderable number of years ago.
The late Mr. Holmes was one of
the earlier growers of the area and
he was a manufacturer of cran-
berry barrels.

His next bog was one of seven
acres whi:h he bought from the
late Robert Randall, one of the
real pioneers in Wareham growing
and a pioneer in making a cran-
berry juice product which he called
''Ruby Phosphate". This bog is at
South Carver, near the Smith-
Hammond bogs. He bought this
about 1928. He next bought the
bog of William Tabor of Buzzards
Bay, this piece of 13 acres, adjoin-
ing the Randall property. In 1931
he bought the Fred Proctor bog,
five acres, just above the Holmes
bog at Pierceville. Then he
bought the 12-acre bog of Merton
Grifnth, the G. G. Atwood bog at
Indian Brook in South Carver.
This was in 1936. This bog, how-
ever, rather than his, is actually
that of his wife, the former Alice
Hurley, daughter of the late James
J. Hurley, who was a widely-noted
sheriff of Plymouth County and
owned a coal and oil business in
Wareham. His bogs are two-thirds
set to Blacks and one-third Howes,
and when he rebuilds he is follow-
ing the now well-established trend
of planting more of the early va-
riety.

Remarkable 8-Way Flume

At his "Holmes bog" he has a
notable 8-way flume. Two electric
motors lift water the first two
times from the Weweantit river, 17
and 14 feet respectively. These two
Ford engines lift the water 5 and
5 more, making a total lift in all
of 41 feet to the Proctor bog.

He can flow from his Early
Black bogs to his Howes; from
Howes to Early Blacks, from
Blacks to the reservoir, and from
the Howes to the reservoir; from
both to the reservoir; from the
river to any one of his three bogs;
from the i-iver to the reservoir, and
from a combination of any bogs to
the reservoir; or from the river di-
rect to the Proctor bog.

Eight

Mr. Bartholomew is shown at his desk in the United Shoft Machinery Company plant at Beverly. Mass.

Joe Cahoon

In having "Joe" Cahoon as a
'oreman, Mr. Bartholomew has a
■ranberry foreman of the "old Cape
r^od school" — admittedly a foreman
)f reputation. Born in South Dennis
in the Cape, he traces his lineage
;hrough the Cahoons of earliest
:ranberry fame, Cyrus, who c'evel-
iped the Early Blacks, and others.
His father was Crosby Cahoon, a
builder of bogs, even though he
owned none himself. Through this
occupation of his father, Joe was
brought up as a cranberry man's
son, and by the time he was 12 or
13 he was weeding and picking on
the bogs. But he probably would
have been, anyway, as most Cape
boys of that time did. Later Joe
himself built bogs for others.

He came up into Plymouth Coun-
ty about 40 years ago and settled
in Wareham. He married Maude
Stringer, whose father was a roll-

er in the mill at Tremont. Joe
took a job as a cooper making nail
kegs at the Parker Mills Nail Com-
pany plant, Wareham. After a
few years of this he went back
into cranberries. He was foreman
for William Crowell of Dennis at
the latter's bogs in and around
Wareham for 14 years. He was
foreman for the late Taylor Jef-
ferson on the Elcredge bog for
four years.

Sixty-eight years old this month,
thin and rangy, Joe Cahoon has
learned cranberry growing the
hard way — through experience.
He learned the down-to-earth meth-
ods of the older Cape Cod grower,
he learned cranberry growing be-
fore there was "so much science to
it". He himself has never owned
any bog. "The changes I have
seen", he says. "And the things
I didn't know were going to hap-
pen which have happened in the

growing of cranberries! If only I
had looked ahead way, way back
and realized how this business of
growing cranberries was going to
develop."

Typical as he is of the old school
in appearance and manners, he
treats his workers with easy fa-
miliarity— and keeps them work-
ing in harmony and efficiently.

Mr. Bartholomew has taken a
rather active part in shaping the
affairs of New England Cranberry
Sales during the past few years
when that cranberry survey was in
progress and the "snlit" developed
with the present National Cran-
berry Association being evolved
and the Exchange continuing along
the same program it has for so
many years.

Believes in True Cooperatives

"A true co-operative", he avers,
"for my money is an organization
which benefits the small grower.

It is the small grower who needs^
the true co-operative, such as is
the American Exchange. Such a
set-up is c.esigned to protect the
little fellow. The small or average
grower has the 'say-so', not just
a few large growers.

"The ACE today is stronger
than it ever was. So is New Eng-
land Cranberry Sales. The maj">r-
ity of the board of directors of the
Sales Company are small growers,
and that is what we want. We
want competition in marketing if
it is the right kind of competition.
We do not want a monopoly in the
cranberry industry."

Cheerful About Fresh Fruit

Mr. Bartholomew is by no means
sure that the day of fresh cran-
berries is going by. On the con-
trary he has a great deal of opti-
mism for the future of fresh cran-
berries, but at the same time he
made it clear that he is in favor
of canning a certain percentage of
the crop.

"I do not believe that people are
going to live out of cans entirely in
the future, at least not for a long
time yet. Maybe some apartment
house dwellers practically are
forced to, but not the general run
of the people. Consumers are go-
ing to eat fresh cranberries when
they can get them."
Lives in Handsome "Steel Man's"

House

Although now a 100 per cent
cranberry man, Mr. Bartholomew
still has his sentiment for the steel
business. He lives in a house on
Main street, Wareham, approxi-
mately 135 years old, which was
formerly the home of a steel man,
the late William Leonard, who,
when Bartholomew first came to
the Tremont Nail company was
the general manager. Wareham in
its ancient days was an iron-manu-
facturing town and one of the
pioneer iron towns of the country.

Bartholomew's son, E. L. Bar-
tholomew, Jr., is now professor of
metallurgy at Massachusetts In-
stitute of Technology. Mr. Barthol-
omew gets a "kick" out of the fact
this home was formerly the home
of his boss. He is the second steel
man to occupy it, and someday he
!nterd=! to make it the possession
of h's son, which will bring it into

. ;>j-T-™-»!3¥^T-5»?SS*^J!«WS!!mst«'~ ■'^-

"Joe" Cahoon. foreman for Bartholomew, posfS a moment in front of a line
of scoopers at the Holmes' bog. (CRANBERRIES Photo)

the third generation of ownership
by a steel man.

This is a large home with 10
rooms, now completely restored to
strict Colonial by Mr. and Mrs.
Bartholomew. The restoration is
complete inside and out. To de-
scribe it as a "show place" of the
old-fashioned may sound a trifle
derogatory — yet it is a "show
place". But it is old-fashioned in
exquisite taste, and its owners are
proud to show it to their friends
as an example of what intelligent
restoration can accomplish. Prac-
tically all the furnishings are an-
tiques (or restorations), some in
beautiful original preservation.

There is a hall clock, dating
from the 18th century, which was
in the possession at one time of
President Lincoln's family. There
are chairs (in their original condi-
tion) which were owned by Mr.
Bartholomew's great-grandfather.
Prophet Miller, who founded the

Advent church in America. There
is a handsome oil portrait of Sher-
iff' Hurley, Mrs. Bartholomew's
father, done by George Wing, a
former Wareham painter.

There are five fireplaces, every
one in working condition, and all
cifferent. This includes the one in
the study-oflice of Mr. Barthol-
omew, which it appears is his fav-
orite room. This room is of knot-
ty pine, with hand-hewn beams,
the native wood having come from
his property near the Holmes bog.
The room was originally the kitchen
and the fireplace was blocked up.
Original Fireplace

This fireplace is highly original
and planned by Mr. Bartholomew,
the hearth being made up of all
the materials which go into steel
making. These are material which
came from the Tremont Nail Com-
pany plant at West Wareham.
There is limestone which went into
the making of slag, pieces of iron

7w

ore; magnaslte brick, checker brick
and silica brick, hand-hewn hooks
and nails. The colors come from
the molten silica brick, these bricks
having been part of the open
hearth furnaces. Pieces of iron
rails make up a pair of sturdy
andirons.

Furniture in the room includes
the office chair of Mr. Leonard and
the office chair of Horace Tobey,
Wareham's "No. 1" citizen in his
cay and president of the company.

The metals industry and the
growing of cranberries have made
up the business life of Mr. Bar-
tholomew. Yet this mingling of
the two is, in a way, appi-opriate
to the circumstances, for both the
iron industry and the growing of
cranberries have made up much
of Wareham's business history.

Air-Motor Float
Boats in Mass.

Idea, Originating in New-
Jersey, Taken Up — One
Built for George R. Briggs,
One for United Cape Cod

Float boats powered by airplane
motors, one that of George R.
Briggs, bearing the "Eatmor" sig-
nature on the tail fin, and the other
developed for United Cape Cod
Cranberry Company, have created
a good deal of intei'est in Massa-
chusetts this fall. Both these are
refinements of boats which orig-
inated in New Jersey. The theory
of using such a craft, air propelled,
was that of the late Franklin S.
Chambers of Whitesbog.

With the apparent success of
these and the success of the Sem-
pos float boat and the use of some
others, float boating has become a
permanent factor in the fall har-
vest. Requiring some skill and
experience in operation for best
results, "float jockeys" could well
be a new cranberry definition.

Briggs Boat

The float boat built for George
R. Briggs has been used with com-
plete success on many bogs this
fall. It was built and is operated
by Gordon Griswold and Henry
Savi, employes of Mr. Briggs,
from specifications furnished by

Theodore H. Budd of New Jersey,
who had developed a similar boat
from plans of Albert Haines.

The boat is square ended, 14 feet
4 inches long, and about six feet
wide in the center. The sides also
flare outward to the top. It is
powered by a light four cylinder
airplane motor and air propeller
and is capable of high speeds in
open water. It is operated on the
bogs at speeds up to 25 miles per
hour, the passage of the hull
through the water sets up extreme
turbulence in the water, raising all
berries that were dropped in pick-
ing to the surface. It also raises
an unusual amount of dead leaves,
litter, etc., from the bottom, leav-
ing it surprisingly clean. This
feature is thought by many to be
its greatest value.

The boat is extremely flexible
and darts over the surface of the
bog like a high-powered speec-
boat, bow and much of the hull out
of water. Drawing only about
three inches of water and with a
perfectly smooth bottom, it skims
over the shallowest-flooded bog-
without injury to the vines.

It can operate on the largest or
smallest bogs and has actually been
used on a bog of less than one-half
acre, where it can spin around and
around on its own axis. Large
areas can be done in very little
time and as it is quickly loaded and
unloaded from the trailer which
carries it, it can easily service
many acres of bog at widely sep-
arated distances in a day.

In a test at the State Bog, which
had already been "floated" by the
wind when 84 bushels were ob-
tained, 190 bushels in addition were
raised in the trial. Working on a
bog of approximately 20 acres
where 800 bbls. of berries had been
picked, the boat recovered 141%
bbls. of cleaned floats.

A five-acre bog of Arthur D.
Benson was done in 20 minutes.
Tests incicated to show that 15-7
per cent of the original crop can
be obtained and the number of
floats from "wind-floating" more
than doubled.

This boat, with the bottom de-
signed to have a "rocker" effect,
helping to bring up the berries,
can operate on the smallest as well

as the largest bogs. It has actu-
ally been operated efficiently on a
bog of one acre, where it was spun
around and around on its own axis.
Most effective operation, of course,
is on large, open bogs.

The boat does an excellent job
of cleaning the bog floor of chaff,
as well as bringing up the berries,
which will prove one of the import-
ant features, it is expected.

UCCC Co. Boat

The float boat which was built
by engineers of the United Cape
Cod CranbeiTy Company, after
plans which originated in New
Jersey, is an Army surplus assault
boat, 17 ft. long and about six feet
wide, with a flaring bow and square
stern. It is made of plywood and
has a double bottom. Power is by
a 65 h. p. Continental Cub engine,
which is mounted about a foot
from the stern, with propellor
about four feet from the stern.
Heavy screen in front of the prop
protects the driver from possible
accident.

The craft is steered by an all-air
rudder. It is said the craft will
make up to 35 miles on straight-
away on a pond, and on the bog
operate.? at 25-27 miles per hour.
It can operate in five inches of
water when in motion. Two men
load and unload from a special
trailer.

Tests show strongly that in ev-
ery case double and often much
more berries are recovered than by
natural wind float. On a bog at
Halifax of three acres which had
been wind-floated, giving 71 pick-
ing boxes, the boat stirred up 154
more. On a 25-acre piece which
produced 300 boxes wind float the
boat obtained 1,450 more, for a
total of 3,000, including the scoop-
ing. On this 25-acre piece the
berries were raised in three-quar-
ters of an hour in which, it is said,
ordinarily 8 days would have been
requirec.

"CRANBERRIES"
ADVERTISING
PAYS BIG
DIVIDENDS!

Reasonable Rates
on Request

^leven

(^ditMals

ISSUE OF NOVEMBER, 1947
Vol. 12 No. 7

(J^^o^^'>f«ir>ue^(^

ClONTINUED high demand and hence
/ continued high prices for food, seems to
be definitely in the cards for the forseeable
future. Barring a now unexpected near-
range collapse in this country, this is the
continuity in order for possibly the next
three or four years.

There is going to be no quick end to the
urgency of supplying foods — and materials
— to Europe. American consumption will
continue strong (with all due respect to our
tighten-the-belt policy) as long as Amer-
icans continue to enjoy high incomes. And
does anyone believe there is going to be a
drastic cut in wages soon?

National income is not going down ; for
one thing because the nation's leading in-
dustries are making heavy capital invest-
ment in plant rehabilitation and expansion.
Capital goods industries are booked far
ahead and when this condition occurs there
is little to indicate there will be a major
business depression. In the foreign field,
the worst about Russia has come out into
the open, and has been discounted — unless
there is suddenly the war "nobody wants",
because of some "incident".

While it must be admitted that food
prices are high, compared to the 1939
standard, so are all other costst up, and the
cost of producing cranberries is at a record
high.

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM. MASSACHUSETTS

IN view of these high production costs on
one hand and the consumer conscious-
ness of high costs of all foods on the other,
setting this year's fresh fruit price was a
tough order. ACE opened its Blacks high-
er than was felt justified in some quarters.
Then along came the unforeseen unpreced-
ented hot October — and dull sales. The
final story, however, will not be told until
the returns are all in.

THE tremendous shrinkage in what are
now quite common estimates of the
crop in Massachusetts and New Jersey only
goes to prove the old knowledge long con-
firmed by experience that man may try as
hard as he pleases, but to date, Nature is
still a leading factor. In Massachusetts
this past season growers — to their credit —
took to air insect control with great enthus-
iasm. New Jersey, which often seems in
some ways to be even more enterprising in
trying new things than Massachusetts, has
used straight-wing planes to a limited ex-

Twelve

Subscription $3.00 per year
Advertising rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS

Wisconsin

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington— Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY
Cranberry Specialist
Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK
Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station

East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station

Pemberton, New Jersey

NEW YORK ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVE

THE MACFARLAND COMPANY
289 Fourth Avenue Gra. 6-2380

tent for some years. Massachusetts has
gone in heavily for float-boating, airplane
motor boats having been added to the Sem-
pos boat and others — which again were
first used by Jerseymen.

Then along comes this great drought
from July on through October which cut
anj"^ hope of high production for this year.
Which, of course, doesn't mean growers
shouldn't have used the modern methods
to increase their crops. If they hadn't,
production would have been less than
whatever it turns out to be.

But this drought situation makes doubly
interesting the experiments which are now
progressing to "trigger" certain types of
cloud to produce snow and rain. However,
th:'s rain-making by dry ice is developing
certain di.Ticulties- — the rain (or snow) may
fall on an area which doesn't want rain and
not where it was aimed, which, it is being
learned, opens up all kinds of problems

i

Pictorial Section

i "iWBPil

"Dick" Heattie. new Massachusetts Extension Cranb erry ypecialist, looks pleased and confident that he will
do a ifood job for growers of the Bay State. (CRANBERRIES Photo)

Thirteen

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Sixteen

Float boat of United Cape Cod Cranberrv Company speeds across the flooded boer at Halifax on route 27.

(CRANBERRIES Photo)

Plan NOW for Fall and Winter

Equipment Needs

PUMPS

WHEELBARROWS

VINE RAKES

PRUNERS

SAND BARROWS

HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO.

E. C. St. Jacques

WAREHAM, MASS.

Seventeen

spriiikltT heat! on his Harwich bon.

(CRANKERRIES Phot')

Are Sprinkler Systems Effective ?

Marshall Seibenmann, Who
Has Had Longest Experi-
ence in Massachusetts,
Says They Have Saved
His Crop Every Year —
Harwich Grower is a Nat-
ive of Texas

Helicopters have hovered over
the bogs of Massachusetts this
summer, agile as bees or humming
birds; straight- wing planes have
darted across larger bogs in the
intensive air insect control pro-
gram; a portion of the crop this
fall will be experimentally picked
by harvesting machines; float boats
will be available to recover "bot-
toms" which would otherwise be
lost. Sprinkler systems will pro-

Eiehtpen

test a few brgs against frost dan-
ger. How efficient are sprinklers
for frost protection, as well as for
irrigaation ?

This question was put to the man
who has had the longest actual ex-
perience in Massachusetts with
sprinklers for frost and irrigation.
He is Marshall Siebenmann, owner
of the Great Western bogs at
North Harwich, where a sprinkled
demonstration meeting was held
by County Agent Bertram Tomlin-
son on June 17th.

At the "OK" bog unit of this
property, on Great Western road,
from which the company takes its
name, sprinklers have been in use
since 1938. They were installed
when United Cape Cod Cranberry

Company owned the property,
which Mr. Siebenmann bought in
1942.

During the five years he has
operated the sprinklers for frost
and ii'rigation, Mr. Siebenmann
says they have saved his crop
every year, particularly as re-
gards frosts. The system which
Siebenmann operates is that of
the Skinner system of irrigation.
These are the small rotary heads,
eight in number and protect two
pieces, making up a couple of acres
together.

"Sprinklers are the only thing
for frost protection, certainly on
small bogs", Mr. Siebenmann says.
"They can be the salvation of own-
ers of small bogs such as many
f n the Cape, relatively small, dry
pieces. These never had an oppor-
'jnitv to be protected against
fr-sts before. Sprinkler systems
( an make a lot of difference on the
Ca'^e. Where the acreage is large,
rnd you have to have a good flow-
a~e system, maybe with pumps,
for winter coverage, there probably
isn't any advantage in sprinklers.
But for a bog which cannot be
otherwise protected, sprinklers
certaainly work out fine.

"Last year", he continued, "we
put on water to flow our bogs
which did not have sprinklers, six-
teen times. That is, we got water
into the ditches and beginning to
go under the vines. Then we found
that 14 out of these 16 times it
was unnecessary to flow that night,
as conditions were warming up.
On the bogs which had the sprink-
Harwich, from there shifted to
South Dennis, to Brewster, to Dr-
ier we turned them on only twice,
and that was for the two nights
there actually were dangerous
frosts. With sprinklers, in the
average frost you can wait until
the very last minute when you
know, if the bogs are not protect-
ed, there will be damage.

"While this may not be the ap-
proved method of operation, we
sometimes wait until almost day-
light, say four o'clock, before start-
ing the sprinklers. We have
turned the sprinklers on with
white frost already on the vines
and have prevented any damage to
the crop. Everything immediately
gets ice all over when we do this.

J

i

but we don't find any injury has
been done."

Such delayed action is only pos-
sible, he points out, with average
or milder frosts, and would not do
in the case of a long "freeze." He
had in mind the ill-remembered
night of May 18, 1944, when there
was the "black frost." A minimum
of 18 was reached on this bog that
night, but the sprinklers saved the
crop, although the water was kept
on all night.

There are two other sprinkler
systems in Harwich besides that of
Mr. Siebermann. One is owned by
John Hall, who has a Giant Buck-
ner head for a bog of about 1%
acres; the other by Earle Dean,
who has five large rotary Buck-
ners. The Hall bog is supplied by
water from a pond, while that of
Dean is provided by a well.

Water supplies, such as ponds
and brooks, are apt to be scarce
on the Cape, particularly as the
Cape gets thinner toward its outer
reaches. Mr. Siebenmann says he
is certain the sprinkler systems
can aid in the salvation of many
of the small, dry bogs on the Cape

which have not made any progress
for years. There is plenty of
"shallow" water, 15 or 18 feet be-
low the surface, easily reached by
wells. These would be ample to
supply water for the sprinklers,
bringing these bogs into a more
"sure" class of production than
they ever have been.

Mr. Siebenmann, now growing
cranberries on Cape Cod, is a Tex-
an, a native of San Atnonio. His
business previously was that of an
automobile dealer, and he engaged
in that business when he first came
to the Cape. However, he began
buying cranberries in 1934 for M.
L. Urann and became interested
in the industry. Then he purchased
the bogs which had been owned by
the United Cape Cod. The Great
Western is the only cranberry
property he has so far owned.

Associated with him is his son,
Marshall, Jr., and it has developed
that the younger Mr. Siebenmann
has most of the charge of the bog
operations, while Mr. Siebenmann
conducts the Cranberry Trading
post of the National Cranberry As-
sociation, and handles other busi-

ness for the National on the lower
part of the Cape.

The area in which Mr. Sieben-
mann operates is from the Sand-
wiches and Mashpee to the outer-
most bogs on the Cape at North
Truro.

The Great Western is one of the
older bogs of the Cape, possibly
as much as 75 years old. It was
about half Early Blacks and half
Howes, but as renovations are
made, Siebenmann, like many oth-
ers, is putting in Blacks.

A second recent advance which
Mr. Siebenmann believes will be
of great importance to the many
small growers of the Cape is the
use of the helicopter for cranberry
work. This will provide a dusting
service, and possibly spraying,
which the small grower could not
provide for his bog otherwise.

In a single day this summer one
of the NCA 'copters, piloted by
Roeloffs, covered a total of 189
acres. This was a grueling day,
as it lasted from about seven in
the morning until nine in the
evening. Operations were begun
from the Trading Post at North

Increase yields u;///i SKINNER controlled irrigation

Waters Large Areas Uniformly . . .

"SKINNER", the pioneer and leader in
irrigation for more than half a century, has
designed these sprinklers for your specific
use — a glance at the table below tells the
story better than words. "SKINNER"
equipment is quality equipment. Quality
means dependability — durability — effic-
iency. Better write us for complete de-
tails today.

THE SKINNER IRRIGATION CO.

150 Water St.. TROY, OHIO

Catalog No.

Controlled

Power

Main

Nozzle

Inch

G. P. M.

Diam. of Coverage

in feet
Uniform Total

CP-I

S/I6

30.00
32.30
34.50
36.80
37.S0

145
150
155
160
165

162
168
173
178
182

I.x>ns

RanRe

Utility Sprin

kler

Catalog
No.

Main
Nozzle
Size

Lbs. Pres-
sure at
Sprinkler

G.P.M.

Diam. of
Coverage

Diam. of
Uniform
Coverage

LR-3
3" Inlet

1"

80

90

100

300
320
340

325
330
340

300
305
310

Other sizes available in both Sprinklers. Write.

Nineteen

IRRIGATION

EQUIPMENT
and SUPPLIES

MANUFACTURER'S

DISTRIBUTOR

OF

FLEXO-^EAL

Pressure tight — Lightweight
PORTABLE PIPE

8"x20' lengths $27.50

6"x20' lengths 20.46

4"x20' lengths 16.40

3"x20' lengths 1I.3S

•

SPRINKLER HEADS

SUCTION HOSE

DISCHARGE FITTINGS

ENGINE
PUMPING UNITS

We have available

a large quantity of

O. C. D. Chrysler Pumping Units

Skids, Trailers, Front Mounts

Giant Portable Heads

for

Vegetables

Potatoes — Field Crops

Cranberries

Through experience gained in act-
ual operation of many miles of Flex-
O-Seal Pipe and all types of rotary
Sprinkler Heads on our own Cape Cod
Farm and from experience in setting
nn installations on most of the large
rotary sprinkler type irrigation sys-
tems in New England on tobacco, po-
tato, vegetable and cranberry layouts^,
wt' feel qualified to engineer your ir-
rigntion reqniremnts.

Visitors Invited to

Irrigation Division

VEG-ACRE-FARM

Forestdale (Cape Cod) Mass.
Phone Osterville 719

LITERATURE - PRICES

LAYOUTS - ESTIMATES

FREE ON REQUEST

leans to Yarmouth, and to South
Harwich.

Texan though he is, Mr. Sieben-
niann is now a "confirmed" cran-
berry man and Cape Codder. He
is a member of the Cranberry
Credit Corporation of NCA; Cape
Cod Cranberry Growers' Associa-
tion and of the Lower Cape Cod
Cranberry club.

NCA

"CHICKEN 'N CRANBERRIES"

CAMPAIGN SUCCESSFUL

Cranberry Bogs
Bought and Sold

on Cape Cod

ROBERT R. LARKIN
Realtor

West Harwich, Mass.

Tel. Har. 604-W

National Cranberry Association is
obtaining some extremely satisfy-
ing results with its "Chicken 'n
Cranberry" promotion campaign,
the Hanson office reports. In sup-
er-markets where the combination
was "pushed" with store and ad-
vertising displays, the sales of both
chicikens and cranberry sauce made
spectacular gains over sales before
the two were promoted as a good
food combination.

In one store which got behind
the campaign a sales increase of

Rain When You Want It
RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS

For Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation

Rain Bird Sprinkling systems do the job you want

them to do, when you want it. All working parts are

accessible and fool proof. Oscillator arm breaks up

stream to give maximum benefit.

Consult Rain Bird engineering department for advice

on your irrigation problems.

For complete information on Rain Bird Sprinkling

Systems, write.

For the East and Midwest

L. R. NELSON MFG. CO.
Peoria, Illinois

« * *

JOSEPH BRECK & SONS
85 State Street
Boston, Mass.

On the Pacific Coast

R. M. WADE and CO.

Portland, Oregon

***

OREGON CULVERT CO.

Portland, Oregon

IRRIGATION DIVISION

VEGACRE FARM

Forestdale (Cape Cod) Mass.

RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CO.

GLENDORA, CALIF.

Twenty

more han 1,000 per cent was re-
ported. The co-operative is using
this plan to boost the sales of
"Ocean Spray" throughout the
year, and hence the marketing of
ihe cranberry crop.

cause they are more economical per
pound.

This is too large for many fam-
ilies, although fine for hotels and
restaurants, and cutting the tur-

keys into steak will, it is expected,
spread the demand for these big
birds in individual steak sales and
make turkey more in demand out-
side the holicay season.

•TURKEY STEAKS'

As a sales promotion for tur-
keys, ' turkey steaks" will shortly
be on the market all over the coun-
try, according to an article in
'•E?so Farm News." In making a
turkey "steak", a frozen turkey is
sawed across the grain, or the
whole bird, to make steaks of var-
ied sizes and shapes. Leg and
body bones appear in the steaks
as if they were round beef cuts.
Steaks, generally, where they have
been used thus far, have been
dipped in batter and fried.

Americans are eating about
twice as much turkey as they did
a dozen years ago, but in spite of
this increase per capita consump-
tion, the turkeys have been get-
ting bigger, the average weight
increasing to 17.9 pounds in 1946.
Most raisers prefer large hires be-

ARE YOU SURE?

Why not let us make a survey of your insurance
without charge, to make sure that you are
fully protected?

For more than 20 years, Mr. Eben A. Thacher,
of this firm, has provided specialized insurance
service to meet the needs of cranberry growers.
He will be glad to discuss a survey of your
requirements and present coverage.

Brewer & Lord

INSURANCE
65 Batterymarch Street, Boston

Telephone: Hancock 0830

The New England Cranberry Sales Company

The Cranberry Cooperative which provides at
cost a complete service to its members in the pro-
duction and marketing- of their crops.

Eatmor
Cranberries

9 Station Street

Middleboro, Mass.

Twenty-one

(Continued from Page 5)

New Jersey (as of Oct. 1):

The New Jersey crop is now
estimated at 75,000 barrels — 26
per cent smaller than the 1946
crop, but 11 per cent above the
average. Dry, hot weather dur-
ing September was unfavorable
for the development of cranber-
ries. On most bogs berries are
reported as medium in size.
Quality and keeping prospects
are moderately good this year.
Fruitworm damage is light, al-
though somewhat greater than
in 1946. The harvest was de-
layed, as berries were slow in
ripening. Since September 20,
frequent flooding of bogs has
been necessary to prevent seri-
ous frost damage. Available re-
ports show 52 per cent of the
crop to be Early Blacks, 44 per
cent Howes, and 4 per cent other
varieties.
Wisconsin (as of Oct. 1):

In Wisconsin procuction is
now estimated at 135,000 barrels,
second only to the record crop
of last season and 30 per cent
above average. Unusually mild
weather during the first three
weeks of September were espec-
ially favorable for development
of the cranberry crop. Frost
damage was negligible to Oct. 1.
Bureau of Agricultural Economics,
Portland, Oregon, reported Oct. 15
as of Oct. 1:

Oregon cranberry production,
estimated at 17,400 barrels, is
the largest of record, and com-
pares with 16,100 barrels last
season and the average of 8,750
barrels. Harvest of the Oregon
crop started somewhat early this
year. In the Coos area, high
temperatures the third week of
September caused some loss from
sun-scald, the loss being quite
serious on some bogs. By late
September very few berries in
the Coos area had been picked
for fresh market, but harvesting
for processing had been in prog-
ress for some time.

In Washington, prospects point
to a record large crop of 45,000
barrels — 7 per cent above the
September 1 forecast, 9 per cent
above last season and nearly
double the average. Harvest
became general in mid-September
and is expected to continue
through October.

Twenty--lwo

(Continued from Page 5)

with the expectation that the mar-
ket would firm with the coming of
cooler weather.

In the face of the dull fresh
fruit market, M. L. Urann of the
National announced September
sales of "Ocean Spray" as exceec-
ing all records and that when Oc-
tober returns were complete that
would have been another record
month. He said NCA had received
313,000 barrels of the crop so far
and indications were that the Nat-

ional, instead of receiving 50 per
cent of the total, would get more
than that. He said 22,000 bbls.
had been sold fresh so far and it
was expected the fresh sales would
reach the previously estimated 50,-
000. He announced it was desir-
able that 50 per cent o the crop
each year be sold resh, but he did
not now believe 200,000 barrels
would go on the fresh market. Nov.
1 he was estimating the crop as
slightly less than 700,000.

FOR SALE

To any person engaged in the

production of agricultural

products

122 shares Common Capital

Stock of Cranberry Canners, Inc.

At $20.00 Per Share

EDWARD CRABBE

P. O. Box 271

Toms River, New Jersey

Colley

Cranberry

Company

Plymouth, Mass.

Office
17 Court Street

Telephone
Plymouth 1622

He said he felt fresh fruit
should have been opened at not
more than $25.00 a barrel and last
year the fresh fruit excuse was
lack of sugar, and this year,
"warm weather in October."

He said September broke all
records in sales for Ocean Spray,
and October returns, when all in,
would be high.

MASSACHUSETTS

The all but rainless, and hot
October, extending the extremely
dry spell which began in mid-sum-
mer, brought a double worry to
growers. There was the knowledge
of the dull cranberry market, of
berries shrinking in storage, and
of the almost-record lowness of
ponds, streams and reservoirs with
the winter-flooding pi'ogram not
too far ahead. Growers, recalling
the winterkill of 1944 when there
was no water for coverage and
such extensive damage was done,
feared more and more the possi-
bility of a repetition. However,
there was a margin of a number
of weeks, and growers well knew
most any kind of weather can hap-
pen, particularly in New England.

Another factor of the low water
supplies was that growers did not
feel like risking as much water as
they would have liked in recover-
ing floats. There was a good deal
of this done, however.

High Sunshine Factor

Rainfall for the month was 3.72
inches, all except a few hundredths
having fallen in the heavy storm
at the very end of the month.
On the other hand, the sunshine
factor for the year continued to
climb. The October sunshine hours
were not available as this was
written, but it was estimated it
might be as much as 75, and this,
piled upon an October first plus
of 127 would make an unpreeetent-
ed total. Number of sunshine
hours recorded at Boston to the
end of September was 2212, the
mean being 2086. As day after
day of sun came in October, and
particularly in early October when
days were still long, the tremen-
dous surplus continued to climb.
This would have no adverse eff'ect
upon next season's crop. But al-
though the fall bud was reported
as exceptionally good on most
Massachusetts bogs, nobody was

INCREASE

the usefulness of your
present equipment.

Let us mount a new

CONVERTO DUMP BODY

in any % o 1 Ton Pick-up Truck

It only takes a few minutes —
ideal for SANDING and odd

jobs.

Immediate Delivery

H. A. SUDDARD, Inc.

Wareham, Mass.

"Your Ford Dealer"

to Cranberry Bog Speciiications

giant irrigator
high pressure

FACTOHY OFFICES

Fresno>P O. Box 232
Chicago: 7668 Calumet
Los Angeles: 7280 Melrose

Buckner Cranberry sprinklers
were desiqned by Cranberry Boq engi-
neers and are built for economical, trouble-free
operation Choice of models gives you a perfect cur-
tain of v/ater for any size bog. Low installation cost.
Proven results in all bog sections of the country. See
your Buckner representative now — there's one near
you, and Buckner Sprinklers are available on short
notice

^tie^

:%

f^Hcn^

«iiieG'-

dual-action
low pressure

MASSACHUSETTS

The Clapper Co.
1121 Washington
W*ist Newton

PACIFIC NORTHWEST

Poison Impl. Co
631 Western Ave.
Seattle Wash.

Twenty-three

inveigled into making any prophe-
cies as to the 1948 outlook — not
after this year's extreme variation
in early forecases.

No Frost Damage
Picking was concluded largely by

Cranberry Growers

Do not wait until the hole is
dug to order your flumes. Pre-
fabricated means we build
them for you. Give us time to
do your work.

Flumes — Prefabricated

Sliding Gate Reservoir Flumes
the kind that let you sleep on
frosty nights.

Dog-leg Reservoir Flumes —
for Oxygen Enrichment.
Flashboard-type Lower Flumes
— for close regulation of water
levels.

With Armco Pipe

Long lengths — few joints —
easy to handle.
Galvanized, asbestos bonded,
completely coated, with a
paved bottom to take the
wear.

And no Spiling

Instead, on short pipes, reser-
voir flumes, or where eels and
muskrats are bad, use a cor-
rugated-iron seepwall collar,
extending two feet above, be-
low, and both sides of pipe.

Assembled in a few hours

Excavating and backfilling
your chief problem.

No Settlement

Except as the whole dike set-
tles, even on the softest bot-
tom.

R. A. TRUFANT

Hydraulic Consultant

North Carver, Mass.

Carver 64-11

Hog railroads for sale or rent

the week beginning October 12th
and fi'ost was not recorded by Dr.
Franklin as having taken any toll
in October. There were four
nights of low temperatures, but
the unseasonable warmth of the
month had kept away damaging
frost which growers had feared in
September, with water at such a
low ebb.

NEW JERSEY

Precipitation

Rainfall has been conspicuous by
its absence through October. The
total for the month through the
26th was only 0.08 inches which,
needless to say, is more than
slightly below normal — 3.38 inches
to be exact.

With this very severe drous'ht
most bog water supplies were ex-
tremely low all fall. It is true
there was some loss of crop from
frost because of the shortage of
water, but fate must have been
smiling on the growers for the
most part, for it could have been
a lot worse.

Naturally there is concern as to
how this lack of fall moisture will
effect next year's crop. It is ui-
t.oubtedly doing more harm than
good.

Temperatures

With ths exception of tho first
three nights of the month there
were no frosts on the bogs of any
consequence. Unseasonably mild
weather prevailed from the 4th
through the 23rd. Frost occurred
on the morning of the 25th with
temperatures down to 21°. Thanks
to perfect harvesting weather be-
fore this time all scooping had
been finished. Temperatures through

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

17 Court St.
Plymouth, Mass.

BOG MANAGEMENT

Tels

Plymouth 1622
Kingston 319

If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will
pay you to see us.

A number of properties available, more wanted.

the 26th averaged 61.2° at Pem-
berton, which is 5° above normal
and only about a degree less than
the normal mean temperature for
May!

JARI POWER SCYTHE

Cuts weeds, grass, brush
Write for details

CALCO
Rainmaker

Portable Steel Pipe

Milorganite

Organic 6% Nitrogen Fertilizer

With

LESS
WAUR

For Farm, Or
ond quickly
Heavy duty
for long >erv|
ter lubricated!
quired. No
wear out. M^
bulion.

A Model For
Every Pressure

I or Truck Garden. Eadly
Inled on any irrigation pipe.
^<s and bronie conitruction
Sand and dirt proof. Wa>
irings— no oil or greate re-
moving parte la rapidly
num coverage— eveii dielrl*

^ BUCKNER MANUFACTURING C0.|^#
161S Blacketona Ave., Freeno, California

BUCKNER SPRINKLERS

loi^^iiii

CO

1121 WASMINtiniN STKCET
WEST MEWTON (». MASS.

TwMity-four

Fire

A disastrous fire occurred on
he morning of the 25th when the
lorting and storage house of the
jhatsworth Cranberry Company
vas burned to the ground. De-
troyed in the fire were 1800 bar-
els of cranberries, not sorted, all
he screenhouse equipment, and a
arge quantity of bog tools and
■quipment. Berries were not in-
ured, but screenhouse and equip-
nent were. The Chatsworth Cran-
lerry Company is owned by An-
hony DeMarco of Hammonton, N.
r. It is one of the larger New
fersey cranberry properties, with
rlose to 200 acres of bog.

Personals

Charlie Doehlert took a mueh-
leserved vacation from the 9th to
:he 29th. Most of his time was
spent at home painting and fixing
jp the place or being just plain
azy when he so desired.

Phil Marueci transferred his
Dase of operations from Pemberton
.0 New Brunswick for the winter
months, where he will be working
3n problems connected with gaining
lis Ph. D.

WISCONSIN

October Ended Harvest

The whine of the suction type
picking- machines was still heard on
Peninsula as October ended, al-
though the crop was practically
harvested, with an estimated total

production of 9,000-10,000 bbls. or
50 per cent above last year, ac-
■ording to the Ilwaco Tribune.

Harvesting went ahead rapidly
the first part of October, under
perfect weather, then rains came.
The larger growers depended very
largely upon water-scooping to get

3rd Annual

CRANBERRY QUEEN CORONATION

FESTIVAL AND DANCE

Sponsored by

Wareham Post No. 220, American Legion

and Auxiliary

Memorial Town Hall, Wareham, Mass.

Friday Evening, November 14 — 8 p. m.

Massachusetts' Cranberry Queen will be chosen and crowned

Music. AL REEVES (in person) and His Orchestra

$25.00 Door Prize S25.00 Cranberry Guessing Contest

Vaudeville

Admission $1.50, Tax included
DON'T MISS THIS GALA HARVEST EVENT!!!

Call

JL eter xA.« -Li e 1^

age

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 740

"KEEP SMILING"

Peter A. LeSage

^ YARMOUTH

Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries Tei. Barnstable io7

Twenty-five

in their crops, although they were
aided greatly by the popular suc-
tion machines, plus several hun-
dred handpickers, who worked on
the newer bogs.

The wet weather turned the har-
vesting job largely over to the suc-
tion machines and the hip-booted
men scooped in the flooded area,
more or less regardless of the rain.

This year the peninsula has seen
some new bogs come into bearing
to a limited degree, notably the
Cranguyma marsh, which was
picked for the first time this year.
The production there was expected
to run up to 800 barrels, with the
prospect of five times as much
next year, and a continued increase
until the 100 acres of new bog be-
gin to yield.

Crowley Pleased by Progress

D. J. Crowley, of the State Ex-

periment Station, is especially
gratified by some recent figures
from the United States Depart-
ment of Agriculture which show a
steady growth in the production
of Washington State bogs at Gray-
land and in the Peninsula area.

This, he says, had been "paced" by
the adoption of the sprinkler syS'
tems for frost and drought protec-
tion. Production for 1944 was 30,-
000 barrels; for 1945, 36,400; 1946,
42,000; and 1947 an expected 45,-
900. Principal prtduction is atp

LLOYD M.

HENDRICK

Registered Architect 1

Architect-Engineer

Public, Commercial and

Domestic Work

BAKER BLDG. BUZZARDS BAY

AND POCASSET, MASS.

Briggs & Stratton — Wisconsin — Lauson
Clinton and Hercules Engines

SALES & SERVICE

Engine driven Generators for all types
of applications

Bolens Garden Tractors — Power Mowing Equipment

Service on all makes

Completely equipped shops - Trained workmen

Genuine parts used

Alan Painten Company

Established 1922

"Where Satisfactory Service is Assured"
Hanover, Mass. Route 3 Tel. Hanover 334

We are "All Set" to serve Massachusetts Growers

* WITH ANY JOB OF BOG RENOVATION.

* NEW BOG CONSTRUCTION

* BOG MAINTENANCE

We have Power Shovels (3) ; Tractor Billdozers (3); Cranes, Scrapers, 90-
Yard Screener; Power Winches, Draggers; Road Grader — 30 competent Oper-
ators and employes— AND THE NECESSARY EXPERIENCE AND KNOW-
HOW.

E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Franconia Service Station

Freight Transportation (including cranberries
in season). Heavy equipment hauling.
Tel. 227

Franconia Coal Co.

Water-White Kerosene for Weed Control this
spring.

Tel. 39-R

Tires, Tubes, Batteries, Auto and Truck Re-
pairing and Greasing. Jenney Gasoline and
Motor Oils.

Distributors for
MACK and INTERNATIONAL TRUCKS

Tel. 39-R

CAULT CONSTRUCTION COMPANY

"EDDIE" T. GAULT, JR.

Main St., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. 227

Twenty-Rix

Grayland, but the Peninsula area
has now some 350 acres in good
■ihape, is seeing many bogs planted,
and has enough raw lands suitable
for cranberries to build up to five
times that much.

Milwaukee Journal
Tells of "Goldy's"
North Wis. "Push"

less swamps and marsh, and to
double the state's cranberry pro-
auction."

The article goes on to say: "The
'big push' behind a developing
boom in northern marshlands is
blue-eyed, sun-squinted Vernon

Goldsworthy, 41, former Secretary
and general manager of the Wis-
consin Cranberry Sales Company,
a type of co-operative and a direc-
tor of the American Cranberry Ex-
change, a national sales and pro-
motional organization.

■Former Wisconsin Cranberry
Sales Co. Manager Quot-
ed as Expecting That
State's Production to Dou-
ble in 10 Years.

Under a heading "Northern
Wisconsin) Bog Sales Booming",
the Wisconsin Rapids, Milwaukee
Tournal staff correspondent Oct.
.2 tells how the Wisconsin cran-
)erry industry is pushing into
lorthern Wisconsin, under leader-
hip of Vernon Goldsworthy. The
trticle says "this expansion prom-
ises to bring employment to 1,000
r more persons, to make use of
•erhaps 22,000 acres of now worth-

THOMAS BROTHERS
General Contractors

MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

Tel. Middleboro 772

Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells
Transit Mix Concrete

Complete Line of Construction Equipment
Excavating - Grading - Hauling

Leave the Tough Jobs for Us
Our Experience is Your Guarantee

THANKSGIVING

IS ONE OF THE GREATEST AND MOST
UNIQUE OF ALL AMERICAN HOLIDAYS

STOKELY is proud to be a contributor to the tradition-
al feast of turkey and cranberry sauce, which adds so
much to the pleasure of this day.

STOKELY has its own tradition to live up to in the
preparation of its cranberry sauce and other products.

To this processing and to the distribution of cranberry
sauce STOKELY brings the advantages of its efficient
plants and its extensive selling organization — plus the
STOKELY reputation, backed by National Magazine
advertising.

Stokelys/

FINEST

t^NBERRY^

STOKELY FOODS, Inc.

A Sub.sidiary of
STOKELY-VAN CAMP, INC. INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA

.— .— *

Twenty-seven

"Goklsworthy, who has owned
cranberry bogs in this (Wisconsin
Rapids) and the Berlin areas, quit
the co-operative after serving it
for 12 years. Since then he has
acquire''- 7,500 acres of swampland
in Oneida, Vilas and Iron counties.
He still is buying, but he won't say
where because he is afraid of a
price rise."

The highest price he has paid,
the account says, is $5 an acre plus
minor timber value on state land.
The rest he has obtained cheaper
from individuals and counties.
Much of the land has been tax de-
linquent.

Some of Goldsworthy's pur-
chases have been for friends and
clients who hire him to develop the
bogs and get them into production.
Of the 7,500 acres he has pur-

Statement of the Ownership, Manage-
ment, Circulation, etc., required by the
Act of Congress of August 24, 1912, as
amended by the Acts of March 3, 1933,
and July 2, 1946

Of CRANBERRIES, published monthly at
Wareham. Mass., for October lil47.
State of Massachusette,
County of Plymouth, ss.

Before me. a Notary Public in and for
the State and county aforesaid, personally
appeared Clarence J. Hall. who. havinjt
been duly sworn accordins to law. dennsea
and says that he is the owner of CRAN-
BERRIES and that the following is. to
the best of his knowledge and belief, a
true statement of the ownership, man-
agement (and if a daily, weekly, semi-
weekly or triweekly newspaper, the cir-
culation), etc., of the aforesaid publica-
tion for the date shown in the above ca •-
tion. required by the act of August 24.
1912. as amended bv the acts of March
3. 1933. and July 2. 194G (section 537.
Postal Laws and Regulations).

1. That the names and addresses of th*^
publisher, editor, managing editor, and
business managers are:

Publisher — Clarence J. Hall. Wareham.
Mass. Editor — Clarence J. Hall. Ware-
ham. Mass, Managing Editor — Clarence
J. Hall. Wareham, Mass. Business Man-
ager— Clarence J. Hall. Wareham, Mass.

2. That the owner is:

Clarence J. Hall, Wareham. Mass.

3. That the known bondholders, mort-
gagees, and other security holders own-
ing or holding 1 percent or more of total
amount of bonds, mortgages, or other
securities are: None.

CLARENCE J. HALL.

Sworn to and subscribed before me, this
7th day of October. 1947.
(Seal) BARTLETT E. GUSHING.

(My commission expires April 15, 194!n

u:n-/:i\i

TILLER MT/rv

# Full horiepOMr«r motor

* SUndard two ftp««di —
l«r¥i«rd and revtrte.

9 Potltivo iction. multi-
pit dlic clutch.

A Full titad ^/t'elKtric
■Hoy >t*«l tines.

:t

^

lOOf'^-

4

ARIENS COMPANY

Twenty -eiflrbt

hlillf^MIBVIH

chased, 250 acres are planted and
2,500 have been sold. Only about
3,000 acres of his purchases will
be in actual cranberry production,
the balance being necessary for
drainage.

Quoting Goklsworthy, the arti-
cle says, he expects 15,000 to 20,-
000 more acres of northern lands
to be bought for cranberry culture.
Such a development would eclipse

the Wisconsin Rapids area, where
most of the state's 3,000 acres are
concentrated. "Goldy" is further
quoted as saying he expects Wis-
consin cranberry production to
double in the next ten years.

The account concludes with the
statement that Massachusetts is
the leader in cranberry production,
Wisconsin is second, and New Jer-
sey in the number 3 spot.

INSEPARABLE -

ELECTRICITY and EFFICIENCY are a team of this
Mo(iern Age. It pays to make good use of electricity
in your cranberry work, wherever possible, and in
your home.

Plymouth County Electric Co.

WAREHAM
Tel. 200

PLYMOUTH

Til. 1300

BEATON'S

DISTRIBUTING

AGENCY

Qape^ &ad QAanAjeA/iieA

Wareham, Massachusetts

Tel. Wareham 130

Appearing in countless newspapers
:6ughout country.

Consistent Year 'Round

NEWSPAPER
ADVERTISING

i^ producing. conHantly,
Increailng, iatei!

It Will pay you

DIVIDENDS

to deal ivith

MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS

I N C

NEW JERSEY

Represented by
BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY

WAREHAM, MASS.

Expanding In All Directions

How many ways can a cooperative grow?

To find out, just look at the American Cranberry Ex-
change and its affiliated companies.

The State companies are beating all records in signing
new members.

They are offering greatly increased service.

The Exchange itself has proved again this year that its
experience and its solidity put it in a highly advantageous
selling position.

So we can sum up the growth of the Exchange and its
affiliated companies in three phrases:

* Increased Service

* More members

* Selling strength

To cooperate with your neighbors and to serve your own
best interests, join

The American Cranberry Exchange, Inc.

The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative

Marketers of world-famous EATMOR Cranberries
CHICAGO NEW YORK

VINC A $12,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY

PE COD
iW JERSEY
nSCONSIN
3RECON
WASHINGTON

30 Cents

!)ecember, 1947

SHARON CASEY, Cape Cod's Third Cranberry Queen, enthroned, smiles winsomely.

(CRANBERRIES Photo

3or the 53rd uinte

it gives us pleasure in extending heartiest

good wishes for the Holiday Season. May

your Christmas be a Merry one, and the New

Year all that you may hope for.

Growers Cranberry Company, Inc.

PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY

+-..

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

Growers of

Eatmor
Cranberries

We will be unable to supply our commitments for fresh and
processed berries for 1948. We earnestly solicit additional
membership of any Wisconsin Growers who wish to receive
the highest returns for their fresh and processed berries.

A MERRY CHRISTMAS AND HAPPY NEW YEAR

TO ALL

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

(A Cooperative)

Jjuild a Market . . .

In six days the manager of this Chicago supermarket increased his
sales of Ocean Spray 782% by teaming it with chicken. He is so pleased
with the results that he plans to order additional supplies of Ocean
Spray and keep right on with this active promotion.

Ocean Spray's brokers and representatives all over the country are
showing retailers how to increase their sales by aggressive merchan-
dising.

This means more than just bigger business for food stores. . . .
it means the good will of retail buyers who will come back for Ocean
Spray . . . and wider consumer markets for cranberry crops.

Cranberry acreage next year w.'ll be greater than it was th's year . .
and greater still the following year, and the year after that. Growers
know that larger crops are on the way. With an eye to the future they
are joining forces in a wide-awake cooperative to acsure themselves of
an ever-growing demand for their berries .... a demand that keeps
pace with their increasing crops.

Join with NCA to Build a Market for Bigger Crops

National Cranberry Association

The Growers' Cooperative

Branches at:

North Harwich, Massachusetts
Dennis, Massachusetts
Bordentown, New Jersey
North Chicago, Illinois

Hanson, Massachusetts
Onset, Massachusetts
Plymouth, Massachusetts

Coquille, Oregon
Markham, Washington
Long Beach, Washington

Directory for cranberry growers

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREHAM 162

S. G. M. Packard & Co.

Hardware — Locksmiths
For Maintenance Supplies

Marinette &
Menominee Box Co.

Marinette, Wisconsin

BOXES. BOX SHOCKS. CRATING
WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES

M & M's 64th Year

Serving the Wisconsin
Cranberry Growers

Extensive Experience in
ELECTRICAL WORK

At Scr«enhou««t, Boca and
Pumps Mean* SaliafactiOD

ALFRED PAPPI

WAREHAM. MASS. Tal. ata

Serving

Western Cranberry

Growers

with

High Quality Products

Rotenone

Pyrethrum

DDT Sprays & Dusts

Nicotine

Copper Sprays

Oil Sprays

Lime Sulphur Solution

MILLER PQODUCTSC

PORTLANO I, OREGON

Attention
Cranberry
Growers ! !

We have

Drain Pipe

Large Sized Terra Cotta
Makes a Permanent Installation

RALPH W. ELLIOT

Sandwich Rd., Wareham, Mass.

TeL Wareham 794

Mail Address: Buzzards Bay, RFD

Plumbing and Heating Service

CRANBERRIES

Magazine . . .

Is tiie publication of the Cranberry Industry,
your advertisement appearing in CRANBER-
RIES is placed before the vast majority of
growers who make today's high production.

For advertising rates and information address

CRANBERRIES
Wareham, Mass.

\

1

H. R. Bailey Co.

South Carver
Massachusetts

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.
in stock

Morris April BrosJ

Bridgeton - Tuckahoe-f

New Jersey Ij

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

Wood
County
National
Bank

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT
INSURANCE CORPORATION

SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY

ADAMS & GOULD

Acushnet

Lumber Dealers

Cape & Vineyard

Saw Mills Co.

"Everything Under Cover"
East Wareham, Mass.

Electric Company

GOOD

Tel. Wareham 648

WOOD BOXES

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Offices:

Chatham

Falmouth

Cranberry Growers

Order Harvest and

Shipping Boxes

Paints - Hardware

Hyannis

Vineyard Haven

New Bedford, Mass.

Est. 1865

Grossman's

On Cape Cod

"EVERYTHING TO
BUILD WITH"

EstmblUhed lg4g

Hall & Cole

Incorporated

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

94 Faneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON, MASS.

Be Well
Informed !

In

Cranberry

Affairs

Opposite R. R. Station

Be a Subscriber

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES

to

Sagamore, Mass.

SPECIALTIES

CRANBERRIES

778
Tels. Sagamore 779

Car Lot Receivers

Magazine

KROP-SAVER

brand

The Nafional Bank of Wareham

INSECTICIDES

Conveniently located (or Cranberry men

FUNGICIDES

Funds always available for sound loans

For the Cranberry Grower

CROP-SAVER

Complete Banking Service

CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc.

3511 Wes>t Potomac Avenue
Chicago 51, Illinois

Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.

Cape Cod and Oregon Choose Their 1947 Cranberry Queens

In Massachusetts, Sharon
Casey, Wareham High
Senior, Wins and Is Sent
to New York by ACE.
Outfitted by NCA

Cape Cod chose its "Cranberry-
Queen" for the third successive
year at the annual Cranberry
Queen Coronation, Festival and
Dance at Memorial Town Hall.
Wareham, Friday evening, Nov..
14th. The affair was sponsored
by Wareham Post 220 of the Amer-
ican Legion and its auxiliary. It
was by far the largest of the fes-
tivals held, 1,150 being present.

The winner was pretty Miss
Sharon Casey, 17, daughter of
Mrs. Harold Bumpus of Onset, one
of 16 contestants. Miss Casey is a
senior at Wareham High school.
This was the largest field yet in
the now-annual Massachusetts
event, and presented a tough prob-
lem to a board of judges consist-
ing of Clecge Roberts, chairman,
director of the Harbor Players
(Marion summer theatre) and four
cranberry growers, Ellis D. At-
wood, Gilbert T. Beaton, Edward
L. Bartholomew and George Cow-
en.

The winning of this contest
bi-ought the most munificent re-
ward yet offered to a Cape Cod
cranberry queen, an exciting four-
day trip to New York, where
she was feted royally as guest of
the American Cranberry Exchange.
Her elaborate outfit was the con-
tribution of National Ci'anberry
Association. She received other
gifts from local merchants.

The program at Wareham's
Town Hall opened with the sing-
ing of "America" by Miss Rita
Bento of Onset. After this Alton
H. Worrall, chairman of the V/are-
ham Board of Selectmen, gave an
address of welcome, curing which
he mentioned the very desirable
possibility of a cranberry queen
being chosen from each of the ma-
jor cranberry areas of the United
States, with a "run-off" for the
queen of the cranberry industry.

During the evening the 194fi
queen. Miss Barbara Costa, was
enthroned and the first cranberry
(lueen, Miss Patricia Jefferson, was

Four

Oregon Queen

Oregon's first cranberry queen
was chosen the evening of Novem-
ber 14th before 700 spectators at
the Bandon grade school auditor-
ium. She is Ruth Kreutzer, who
was sponsored by the Langlois
Community club. She is 17, the
daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Lewis
Kreutzer, who operates a farm near
Langlois. She is a member of the
Langlois Union High .school. Born
in Bandon, she is 5 ft. 3 inches
tall, weighs 128 pounds, with brown
eyes and hair.

Miss Kreutzer received her crown
of authority from Mayor Rudy
Backlund of Bandon, who pro-
nounced her "Queen Ruth 1."

The coronation service was op-
ened by Master of Ceremonies
"Art" Dobney, who introduced
Wesley Chappell, the latter giving
a thumbnail sketch of cranberry
growing in Southeastern Oregon.
He declared "production has only
scratched the surface of capacity",
and that the industry merits pub-
licity as a major part of the area's
economy.

Judges of the contest were Mrs.
Martha Mulkey Purdy of Coquille,
Oscar Gulovson of Coos Bay, and
Milo Reed of North Bend.

The six queen candidates were
introduced and they promenaded to
a background of music. After the
queen had received her crown, John
H. Fasnacht presented her with a
key to the city of Bandon.

Following the presentation of
gifts to the queen, the queen and
her court with escorts led the
grand march which opened the
coronation ball.

The five other contestants in the
contest were Janet Helme, Dew
Valley, sponsored by Westmost
Grange; Jeanette Danielson, Par-
kersburg, sponsored by Bandon
Veterans of Foreign Warrs; Pat
Whalen, Bandon's Active Club
choice; Virginia Corrie, Prosper,
sponsored by the Randolph Com-
munity club; Joanne Smith, Ban-
c on, sponsored by Bandon Post,
American Legion. These candi-
dates were later declared princess-
es of the queen's court.

A "Cranberry Bowl" football'
game the afternoon of the follow-
ing day and a festival dance that
evening comprised the rest of the-
first annual cranberry program.

So successful was this first Ore-
gon queen contest and festival that:
the committee which planned it:
has already begun to make tenta-
tive plans for next year.

introduced. Judges were intro-
duced to the audience, and then the
queen contestants, all in evening
gowns, and wearing corsages pro-
vi'-'ed by the Legion and auxiliary,
paraded across the stage and were
announced to the audience.

Queens and the judges were
then "locked" in chambers by Wil-
liam L. Ross, Jr., commander of
the Legion Post, for the decision
by the board of judges. During
this time, which was about an hour,
a professional vaudeville show was
enjoyed by the audience.

At 10..30 the winner of the con-
test was announced by Chairman
Worrall. Escortea by Commander
Ross and Mrs. John Chandler,
president of the Auxiliary, the
Queen entered the hall, and the
coronation ceremony performed,
the 1946 queen placing the crown
upon the head of the new queen.
The gifts of NCA and others were

then presented. Stanley Bensoni
of New England Cranberry Sales
Company outlined the plans for the
New York trip. Robert Kornfeld,.
editor of "Cranberry World",
house organ of the Exchange, andl
Mrs. Kornfeld, who arranged de-
tails of the New York trip, were
present.

The hall was effectively decor-
ated. Balloons and streamers were
released when the identity of the
Queen was announced. A cran
berry punch bar was set up in the
lobby through the courtesy of
"Ocean Spray". Following the
ceremonies, guests danced to a
Boston band.

Before stai-ting for New York
the queen and her mother were
taken to Boston for fitting of the
?;i.50.00 warcrobe presented by
National, purchased at two of Bos-
ton's smartest shops. The outfit
(Continued on Page 24)

Issue of December, 1947 — Vol. 12. No. 8

Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts, Subscription, $3.00 per year.
Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879.

FRESH FROM THE FIELDS

By C J. H.

Latest USDA Crop
Estimate

Latest cranberry crop estimate,
that of U. S. Crop Reporting Ser-
vice, released November 14th,
showed an upward trend as con-
cerns Massachusetts which brings
the current estimate to 756,400
barrels for the country.

Total:

Cranberry production in the
United States is now estimated at
756,400 barrels. The crop harvest-
ed in 1946 amounted to 857,100
barrels and the average production
for the ten year period 19.36-45 is
638,830 barrels. The 1947 season
in New Jersey was unfavorable for
cranberries, and the crop of 70,000
barrels is 31 per cent below last
year. In Wisconsin, this season's
crop of 140,000 bbls. is only 3% be-
low the record large production of
145,000 bbls. in 1946. Cranberry
production in the West Coast states
(Washington and Oregon) shows
a sharp increase, as acreage in
those states has been increased in
the past few years. Production of
45,900 barrels in Washington is 90
per cent above average, and Ore-
gon's total of 15,500 barrels is 77
per c«nt above average.

Massachusetts Cranberry Crop
485,000 Barrels

The warm, dry, and pleasant
weather of October was very fav-
orable for completing the harvest
of the cranberry crop in Massachu-
setts. Very little damage by frost
or freezing occurred in October and
after-harvest reports of growers
inc icate larger yields than expect-
ed a month ago. Cranberry pro-
duction in Massachusetts is esti-

mated at 485,000 barrels this sea-
son— a crop 12 per cent below that
of 553,000 barrels harvested in
1946, but 14 per cent larger than
the 10-year (1936-45) average of
424,900 barrels. Current reports
of growers indicate that the color
and keeping quality of the 1947
crop are only about average.
Growth of berries was limited
moderately by dry weather late in
the season and the size of berries
runs below average. The shrink-
age of berries in screening is re-
ported as heavier than usual.

New Jersey Report:
(Trenton, Nov. 11

Cranberry picking was com-
pleted by November 1, but growers
were still engaged in recovering
"floaters" from the bogs. Because
of unfavorable growing and matur-
ing conditions which causec an ex-
cessive amount of rot this season,
the crop was estimated at 70,000
barrels production for the 1947
season.

Portland, Oregon

The West Coast states have
large crops. The Washington total
of 45,900 barrels is 90 per cent
above average, and 9 per cent
above 1946. Oregon's crop, while
77 per cent above average, was,
however, a little under last year
and below early season indications.
Production is placed at 15,500 bbls.
compared with 16,100 in 1"46. Heat
damage in the Coos district was
more serious than thought a month
ago.

WASHINGTON

Not all of the cranberry crop
was harvested by November 1 be-
cause of heavy rains.

WT-S<-^ONSIN

Most interesting crop develop-
ment is news coming out of Wis-
consin from C. D. Hammond, Jr.,
General Manager of Wisconsin
Cranberry Sales Company that the
total production of that state may
reach a figure of 150-155,000 bar-
rels. This, if it proves to be true,
would exceed last year's record of
145,000 barrels and be over the
latest Government estimate of
140,000, and much over August
forecast of 112,000.

Hammond is basing this pre ic-
tion upon the fact that the Sales
Company will handle from 74-75,000
barrels, and information that Mi:-
w e s t Cranberry Co-operative
(NCA) will handle 73,000 and that
two independents have 4,000 each.

This predicted record production
is in spite of the fact that growers
this year mowed more than 100
acTes of cranberry vines to plant
on new marshes. About 90 per
cent of this was Searles, and the
estimate is made that if they had
been allowed to produce would
have enables, the state to produce
160,000.

Harvest Was "Smooth"

Harvesting went along very
smoothly this season, without any
cold weather to interfere. In fact,
there were only about four frost
nights. Damage from frost was
almost negligible. Water supply
for water raking was good and la-
bor ample in many sections, al-
though only fair in others.
Next Year's Bud

As concerns next year's crop,
budding is very good, and as far
as this "token" goes, Wisconsin
growers may be on the way for

(Continued on Page 24)

Five

Mass. Cranberry
Station and Field Notes

by J. RICHARD BEATTIE
Extension Cranberry Specialist

This is a brand new venture as
far as the Cranberry Magazine is
concerned, and we hope that it will
be of real service to the growers.
A word of explanation as to the
purpose of these monthly articles
might be in order. It boils down
to something like this — an attempt
to keep growers informed of Cran-
berry Station and Extension Ser-
vice news and developments. This
will mean a brief account of the
various research projects from time
to time by the Massachusetts Cran-
berry Station staff members con-
cerned. We will cover recent
events at the Station and in the
field such as: Cranberry committee
meetings where programs are
planned, announcements of special
features such as of the cranberry
school, developments of the cran-
berry root grub campaign, plus
field observations that we hope will
be helpful to the growers.

The many other fields of en-
ceavor will continue to be covered
as in the past by Editor Clarence
Hall and his contributors. The
Cranberry Specialist would like to
add here that he is thoroughly en-
joying his work and the commun-
ity of East Wareham where he and
his family are making their home.
The entire Experiment Station staff
have been most cooperative and
helpful, which is really appreci-
ated.

RECENT EVENTS AT THE
CRANBERRY STATION

County Agent "Joe" Brown of
the Plymouth County Extension
Service called together the Ply-
mouth County Cranberry Advisory
Committee in November. The
purpose was to draw up plans for
the cranberry club meetings dur-
ing the winter months. The grow-
ers' suggestions will be carefully
followed, and it is believed that a

highly interesting winter program
will be ceveloped as a result of
their discussion. It is expected
that this program will be printed
in the next issue of this magazine.
Members of the committee present
included: Russell Makepeace of
Marion, chairman, Nahum Morse,
East Freetown, George Crowell,
Plymouth, Kenneth Garside, Dux-
bury, Carlton D. Hammond, Sr.,
Onset, Ferris Waite, Plymouth,
Drs. H. J. Franklin, F. B. Chand-
ler, Chester E. Cross, and Joseph
Kelley of the Cranberry Station,
Joseph T. Brown, County Agent,
Philip Haight, Associate County
Agent, and J. Richard Beattie,
Cranberry Specialist.

County Agent "Bert" Tomlinson
called together his Cranberry Ad-
visory Committee the last of No-
vember to draw up plans for the
cranberry project in Barnstable
County. The Cranberry Specialist
attended and enjoyed meeting with
this group. Many valuable contri-
butions were made. Highlights of
the meeting centered around the
discussion of irrigation. It was
the feeling of the committee that
considerably more could be dgn^ to
improve Cape bogs when more in-
foi-mation along these lines was
available. There was real interest
in combating the weed problem,
and this apparently will come in
for plenty of discussion during the
winter and summer months. The
matter of improving credit facil-
ities for the smaller cranberry
growers came in for its share of
discussion. Those present incluv -
ed: Lloyd Doane, Harwichport, who
was elected chairman, Charles M.
Savery, Cotuit, Osborne W. Bearse,
Brewster, Richard Rich, South Or-
leans, Bertram F. Ryder, Cotuit,
Seth Collins, Waquoit, and Victor
E. Leeman, West Barnstable.
County Agent Bertram Tomlinson

met the latter part of November
with the officers and directors of
the Upper Cape Cranberry Club,
and a program was drawn up forj
the winter months from January k
through April. This committee
meeting was well attended, accord-,
ing to County Agent Tomlinson,!
and we will hear of their program j
later. 1

Plymouth County's Cranberry I
School will be continued for its I
second year. The advisory commit- 1
tee of this school was called to-|
gether by Lindsay March, princi-
pal of the Middleboro High school, |
and the Cranberry Specialist. The
committee met at Ellis D. Atwood's
screenhouse in South Carver. It
is believed an interesting program
was drawn up when the practical |.
aspects of cranberry growing will j
be thoroughly discussed. In othei |:
words, the emphasis this year wil' |;
be centered around actual bog op- 1
erations. Last year, the session.' r
were devoted to the background oi |:
theory of cranberry growing; irl;
other worcs, securing the funda- ;

mentals of soils, weather, water
weeds, and insects. Members ol
the committee present included:
Russell Makepeace, Marion, Ellis
Atwood, Carver, Ferris Waite, Ply-
mouth, William Tufts, Middlebort)
Lindsay March, Middleboro, Johrt
LaForest, Carver, Joseph Bi'own ol
the Extension Service, Dr. Fred
Chandler, Cranberry Station, and
J. Richard Beattie. The time and
efTort so freely given by the grow^
er members of this committee dur
ing the last year and a half has
been a real eontribution to the in-
dustry.

Research Work

Dr. H. J. Franklin, in charge ol
the Cranberry Experiment Station
has completed the revision of the
long-awaited Bulletin No. 239 en-
titled, "Cape Cod Cranberry In
sects." It may be some time be-
fore this will be in the hands ol
the growers, since there is a delay
in securing the colored plates that
are necessary for this bulletin
However, this will be taken care
of just as soon as possible.

Dr. Chester E. Cross has set out
experiments to determine whether
PDB (para-dichlorobenzene) put
under sand will kill wild bean when
applied in the fall as well as it

>es in the spring;. Dr. Cross and
jseph Kelley are cooperating on
>me winterkilling experiments,
he Dow Chemical Company has
enerously contributed five drums
" Dowax for the purpose of test-
ig the value of this material. It

hoped that this wax sprayed on
le cranberry vines will prevent
ijury during the winter months.

any cranberry growers with in-
iequate water supplies will be in-
rested in the results of these ex-
jriments.

Dr. Frederick Chandler has been
inducting an experiment with the
n&iometer (a device for measur-
g soil moisture) in order to leai'n
le movement of water in bog
lils. These results have not been
impletely summarized, but tend to
dicate that water movement in

horizontal direction or between
tches is very slow. These ex-
iriments will be continued on
vo new sections of bog now being
lilt at the State Bog.

Dr. H. F. Bergman is continuing
s very interesting work on fruit
its which were so cestructive to
ir crop. He is now checking the
■suits of his experimental plots
■r the 1947 season. He urges
•owers who are interested in the
atter of oxygen deficiency to get
leir testing equipment in shape
r use this winter.
Joseph L. Kelley and J. Richard
eattie have been checking the
anberry root grub situation in
le county. You will remember
lere is an active campaign which

attempting to bring under con-
ol this No. 1 Cranberry Insect
;st in the Plymouth County area,
here are approximately 65 grow-
•s enrolled in the campaign of
hich 35 actually carried out con-
ol practices during the past year,
ach of these growers is being vis-
ed to leam of their results, and

is hoped that some valuable in-
irmation will be secured when
lis survey is completed.

Coming Events

By the time this issue is in the
inds of the growers, the Annual
reduction and Outlook Conference
ill have been held in Amherst,
ecember 2 and 3. This year for
le first time the cranberry indus-
■y will be included at this Pro-
jction Conference, and a delega-

Ativood Holiday Display
Features "Edaville Railroad"

Trains Will Make Special
Trips Amid Special Elec-
tric Illumination Over
Christmas and New Year's

Mr. and Mrs. Ellis D. Atwood of
South Carver, Massachusetts, and
the "Edaville Railroad" will this
year be host to the general public
in Christmas-New Year observ-
ance. While definite details of the
plan have not yet been completed,
the outline is ready.

Starting the 15th of December
the Edaville train will make spec-
ial trips from about 4 in the after-
noon until 9 at night over the
more-than-five mile course of the
road around the cranberry bogs.
Holiday lights will play an import-
ant part in the program, as they
did in pre-war, and a big "Merry
Christmas" arch is to be erected.

This year's holiday observance
by the Atwoods will feature the
train itself, plus the electric illum-

inations. Again South Carver will
take the spotlight in the holicay
spirit as it did for some years un-
til the war prevented such festiv-
ities.

A special feature is to be a mid-
night ride of the train for the ush-
ering in of 1948. Already Mr. At-
wood reports that many have sig-
nified their hope to visit "Eda-
ville", with its new railroad sta-
tion and to take part in the holi-
day.

During the past year — from Jan-
uary 1 — approximately 100,000 per-
sons have been guests of Mr. At-
wood on the trains which have been
run every week end and on various
special occasions.

It is anticipated that the Christ-
mas-New Year festivities will swell
this number consicerably and that
the cranberry property of the
Atwoods will be a focal point of
interest for guests from far and
near.

tion of growers from the industry
will have been present. Each year,
this conference is held to consider
the major problems of the various
agricultural commodities, and to
consider ways and means of realiz-
ing a solution. A summary of the
conference itself will be included
in the next issue of this magazine.
Those planning on attencing in-
clude: George Short of Plymouth,
Howard Hiller of Rochester, Rus-
sell Makepeace of Marion, Orrin
Colley of Kingston, Stanley Benson
of Middleboro, Joseph Kelley and
J. Richard Beattie of the Cran-
berry Station.

The first session of the Plymouth
County Cranberry School is sched-
uled for December 16. This will be
held at Ellis D. Atwood's screen-
house at South Carver and will
start promptly at 2 o'clock. These
sessions are developed primarily
for the new grower, bog foreman,
and particularly G. I.'s interested
in the industry. Subjects to be
covered at this first school session
include: "What makes good bog
property", by Joseph L. Kelley of
the Cranberry Station; "Availabil-
ity of bogland", by George Short
of Plymouth; "What determines
whether a bog is woi'th renovat-

ing", by Joseph Kelley and George
Short; "What does it take to get
started in the cranberry incustry",
by Russell Makepeace, Marion.

On January 12, the Upper Cape
Cranberry Club will hold its first
winter meeting. This will be held
at Bruce Hall at Cotuit, starting
with a supper at 6.30 p. m. "Mar-
keting the '47 crop", by Marcus
L Urann, will feature this meeting.

MINOT SENDS OUT
INTERESTING BROCHURES

Minot Food Packers, Inc., Bridge-
ton, New Jersey, this past fall
sent out interesting and well de-
signed brochures to the trace to
boost sales of cranberry sauce, fea-
turing Min-ot strained sauce and
Conway's old-fashioned whole berry
sauce.

Addressed to grocers, the bro-
chure carried the message that
turnover and profits in cranberry
sauce are no longer seasonal, and
that powerful, steady advertising
is creating year-round consumer
demand. Reprints of newspaper
at s were shown, and grocers were
offered full-color window and shelf
sticker sales help.

Andrew T. O'Brien President of Crane Brook Since 1902

Carver Property Built Entirely by "Hand" Labor — Frank
D. Costello Now Has Active Management — Mrs. Costello
Interviewed Over Radio on "Wife's Angle" of Cranberry
Growing.

By CLARENCE J. HALL

Since 1902 the Crane Brook Cranberry Company (Incorporated) has
been growing cranberries at South Carver, Massachusetts, and during all
that time Andrew T. O'Brien, who will be 84 this month, has been presi-
dent. The active management, however, since 1938 has been that of his
nephew, Frank D. Costello. During most of its period of existence Crane
Brook has been mainly "independent" in its marketing affiliations.
Crane Brook is a member of

IS a

National Cranberry Association,
turning over a portion of its pro-
cessing berries to that co-operative.

Mr. O'Brien built Crane Brook
with his brother, James J. O'Brien,
who died last winter at the age of
86, together with the late A. D.
Makepeace, the "cranberry king"
of the previous generation. This
was a "50-50" proposition between
the O'Briens and Mr. Makepeace.
They put in lOD acres. At that
time Andrew was president, as he
still is, he was also manager and
Mr. Makepeace was treasurer. In
1925 the O'Briens bought out the
Makepeace interests.

The location of Crane Brook was
a cedar swamp from which the tim-
ber had been cut and the stumps
left standing. Crane Brook, from
which the property takes its name,
is one of the major streams of Car-
ver, flowing from Federal ponds,
southwesterly into the waters of
the Weweantit just before the lat-
ter leaves the township of Carver.

The T. B. Smart bog, just above
the piece the O'Briens and Make-
peace built, was bought later,
building up the Crane Brook own-
ership to approximately 149 acres.

The Crane Brook was set entire-
ly to Blacks and Howes, which
was a bit unusual in those days,
as many growers experimented
with small patches of other varie-
ties. Howes was about two-thirds,
which is a ratio being changed as
sections are rebuilt. Blacks, as in
most renovation in Massachusetts,
are replacing the Howes.

Mr. O'Brien, who now spends his
winters at Verdo Beach, Florida,
was on hand this fall for the har-
vesting of the crop, active, cheerful

and still very much president of
the Crane Brook Company, even
though cetails were left to Cos-
tello. As a grower of such long
experience, he tells an interesting
story of the building of Crane
Brook in the days before cranberry
men had modern heavy equipment
to use.
Crane Brook Built by Wheelbarrow

Crane Brook was built "entirely
by wheelbarrow, as you might say",
he recalls. The laborers, some .30
to 40, were all Cape Verdeans.
Most of these had come to New
Bedford from their native islands
by sailing vessel. Camps were
built and the men housed there, al-
though some stayed at the old Shoe
String factory. Rate of pay
O'Brien remembers as $2.00 a day,
with quarters and fuel free.

"I put in many an acre for $300",
Mr. O'Brien says, "but perhaps it
would be better to say the average
acre, complete through sancing and
vine setting, cost $600. Every bit
of it was done by manual labor;
pulling the stumps left when the
timber had been cut, making huge
dikes and all. It was some differ-
ent from the way bog is built to-
day."

During the harvest, berries were
hauled by a single horse and wag-
on to the Tremont station, a dis-
tance of about 4 miles, each load
being made up of 15 barrels, and
of course these were barrels, not
boxes. The round trip took at
least three hours.

Picking Was a "Holiday"

"Crops were picked by a dozen
or more families, the harvest crews
comprising up to 75 pickers. Many
of these came up from the Cape,

principally Centerville, Hyannis
anc. Harwich. These Cn-e families
who came up to pick in Plymouth
County were finished by early Oc-
tober, and then many of them re-
turned to the Cape to pick small
bogs of their own. They felt the
frosts held off longer on the Cape.

"They were paid by tickets, in
rolls, and these checks were ac-
cepted in the stores for groceries
and other supplies just as so much
cash. When the season was over
such companies as Crane Brook
redeemed them for cash from the
storekeepers.

"How these pickers seemed to
enjoy the work", Mr. O'Brien rem-
inisced. "It was a change and real-
ly an outing for them. It was a
picnic. It did not seem to be
c rudgery. These pickers stayed in
the camps and really made a holi-
day out of cranberry picking.

"Snaps were used at first when
the vines were new, but there was
always a good deal of hand pick-
ing. Later the present Massachu-
setts type of scoop began to come
in."

O'Brien

Mr. O'Brien is a native of Bos-
ton, where his father conducted a
wholesale fish business which he
began in 1879. The young O'Brien
was in business with his father.

He got his first interest in cran-
berries when he came to Wareham
to visit a trout hatchery of L. B.
Handy. O'Brien had always en-
joyed hunting and fishing. He
tells how "Leek" Handy pointed
out some land (now Eagle Holt)
acjacent to Handy's own property
at South Wareham, and told
O'Brien many times this would
make good cranberry property.
"Leek", O'Brien recalls, was two
full years in trying to induce him
to go into raising cranberries with
him and building this bog. Final-
ly he "succumbed" to Handy's per-
suasion, and together they built 25
acres of bog, this being at the turn
of the century, 1898. This was the
initiation of the O'Briens of Bos-
ton to the cranberry industry
world. Later this property was
sold to Handy and the late James
T. Hennessy. When O'Brien con-
ceived the idea of building the

fiiphj

larger Crane Brook he decided it
advisable to sell Eagle Holt.

O'Brien says he has never re-
gretted going to the cranberry area
and getting into this "Cape" busi-
ness. "I've always liked to be out
of doors. CranbeiTy growing has
given me that kind of a life."

"Think of the changes I have
seen in the industry", Mr. O'Brien
says. "Things are so different to-
day. The only kind of poison we
had for insects used to be arsenic
of lead, which we used to kill all
our bugs and insects. Then we got
'Black Leaf 40'. Then came py-
rethruni in liquid form and we
used to drag 1,000 feet of hose over
the bogs. Then we had pyrethrum
in dust and there came the ground
dusters. Now we've got the heli-
copter. We had one at Crane Brook
last summer and it did the whole
100 acres of the main bog in three
hours.

"The future of the cranberry in-
dustry? I'd say the future for
cranberries is excellent — if we can
get true co-operation. We want
the little fellow to have a chance
as well as the big fellow. We
con't want any monopolies. We
don't want a few big fellows to get
too big, if we can help it. Compe-
tition is life. Monopolies were al-
most the ruination of America in
Dig business. We don't want any
3uch thing in the cranberry indus-
try. The little fellow is the main-
!tay of our way of living."
Costello

Mr. Costello, who is a youthful-
looking 59, was born in Bi'ookline,
3ut has known something about
cranberries ever since he can re-
member. When he was a lad he
visited his uncles on the Cai>e and
early was around Crane Brook.
He recalls when the Chaneys first
came to Massachusetts to organ-
ize the New England Cranberry
Sales Company in 1907. Crane
Brook had already sold berries to
;the Chaneys.

It was the very youthful Frank
iCostello who gave Chester Chaney
Ihis first automobile ride around the
bog country on the Cape, going
from Wareham to Plymouth. Cha-
ney, too, remembers thi.<; and the
car was a Stearns.

From 1914 until 1924 Costello
was away from the cranberry area.

Andrew O'brien,

snapped this fall durinsr harvest at Crane Brook.

(CRANBERRIES Photo)

He was then sales manager for
the Packard Motor Car Company
at Cincinnati. Some years after
that he became owner of the Chev-
rolet Agency in Midcleboro. While
this agency still goes by the name
of Atwood-Costello Company, Mr.
Costello is no longer directly con-
nected v.'ith it, although Mrs. Cos-
tello is a director.

Costello has been a selectman of
Carver for the past three years.
During the war he was a member
of the industry-wide cranberry
committee which conferred with the
Government in the establishing of
cranberry ceiling prices. He is a
member of Cape Cod Cranberry
Growers' Association, a director of

the Middleboro Co-operative Bank,
and a member of South Carver
Grange and Middleboro Locge of
Elks.

Improvements at Crane Brook
Considerable improvement and
mocernization have been in prog-
ress at Crane Brook. For one
thing the whole lower end of the
bog is bein?; rebuilt and will be set
to Blacks.

As the ■ roperty is entirely along
the Crane Brook, this was its only
water supply with a 50-acre reser-
voir which was really inadequate,
until after 1938. Crane Brook, as
far as frost protection went, has
really been opei'ated as a dry bog.
Size of the crops was more or less

Nine

dependent upon whether or not
there were severe frosts which
could not be adequately protected
against. To overcome this situa-
tion, in 1938 Costello had a canal
dug from Sampson's pond, the
water going by gravity through a
canal a distance of 600 feet. The
ample supply of water now avail-
able has done much toward chang-
ing the Crane Brook picture.

Costello is now in the process of
building a new flume and reservoir
which will provide even greater
flowage facilities — frost and win-
ter coverage for the whole lower
section of the bog. Water from
the Crane Brook is to be caught
and diverted to a 40-aere swamp
along Cranberry road which will
become a reservoir. Dikes 12 feet
high and 20 feet wide, "driving"
cikes", are being constructed.
There is a giant flume which re-
quired 96 yards of poured concrete,
plus a good deal of steel reinforce-
ment. This flume is 40 feet long
and 30 feet high, and when com-
pleted there will be a combined
well, flume and pumphouse. The
pump by Bailey) will be operated
by an electric motor, and the two
gates will be 7 and 5 feet wide.
Flume and dike constinaction is by
Thomas Bros, of Mid.leboro.

With these and other improve-
ments, it is hoped to raise the pro-
duction of Crane Brook, which at
its highest has been between 6 and
7,000 barrels.

Mrs. Costello
Very much interested in cran-
berry growing and the affairs of
Crane Brook is Mrs. Costello. She
is the daughter of the late John
E. Atwood of Carver, and Mrs. At-
wood. Mrs. Costello is bookkeeper
for the Company. She takes pride
in the fact that she is the wife of
a cranberry grower and feels it
her duty to take an active interest
in the bog. Mrs. Costello is defi-
nitely fond of the outcoor life and
has always been an enthusiastic
horsewoman, taking part in many
horse shows. For a time the Cos-
tellos, about 1930, conducted a rid-
ing school at Wareham as a spare
time activity. Winters they go to
Florida, and picked out Lakeland
there to spend their first winter,
because of the saddle horses.

The Costellos live on a farm, only
a short distance from the Crane

Brook property. For many, many
years this country estate has been
known as "Island Farm." The
name comes from the fact that the
farm is surrounded on three sides
by brooks, one of which is Crane
Brook. When Crane Brook Co.
bought this property they livec in
a farmhouse dating from about
1700 which they bought from Dex-
ter Atwood, father of Ellis D. At-
wood. This was at one time occu-
pied by the owner of the Charlotte
furnace, at the sit of which the
Crane Brook screenhouse is located.
Where they now store and screen
berries, caboose stoves, grates, fun-
nels, etc., were manufactured by
the Charlotte Furnace, which was
opened in 1850 and operated for
several years.
Mr8. Costello's Radio Interview

Last summer (June 2) Mrs. Cos-
tello spoke over Station WNAC,
Boston, in a "farmer's wife" broad-
cast series with the Massachusetts
Commissioner of Agriculture, Fred-
erick E. Cole, and Miss Gladys La-
croix of the Massachusetts Depart-
ment of Agriculture.

In introducing Mrs. Costello,
Commissioner Cole stated that in
the series on the food producing
activities of Massachusetts it was
said "farm people live where they
work, and this is especially true
of our cranberry growers." Miss
Lacroix added that perhaps the
knowledge of cranberries, for many,
is confined to cranberry sauce,
served on Christmas and Thanks-
giving, but that she had always
been interested in the history of
our foods, "where they were first
used, how they changed to be the
fooc we know today. In this case,
cranberries, I believe the Indians
first used the berries."

Mrs. Costello: "It was from the
friendly Indians that Pilgrim wo-
men learned that cranberries were
edible. Being English ladies, with
an English liking for preserves and
stewed fruits, these early settlers
stewed the cranberries in water,
added a bit of sweetening, and
called it 'cranberry sauce'. This
was the beginning of the combina-
tion, wild turkey and wild cranberry
sauce."

Gladys Lacroix: "Yes, and this
tradition is very prominent with
homemakers today. We must not

forget the woman's place in the
early history of cranberries."
Women Showed the AVay

Mrs. Costello: "Of course not,
for we must give the women cred't
for helping to bring the cranberry
industry into being. For the first
200 years the men of the colonies
were busy seeking means to make
a living. They tried trading with
ships, visiting far ports, they tried
salt-making by building vats from
which salt was evaporated from
the salt water. Other industries
were the making of turpentine
from the sap of pine trees, glass
making, smelting and fishing. It
is true that some found these in-
dustries profitable and continued in
their chosen business."

Gladys Lacroix: "And the cran-
berries were growing in their back
yards all the time! Just think of
it — a million dollar industry. Well,
it took the women to bring the in-
dustry to the foreground."

Mrs. Costello: "I guess you are
right, because history tells us
when the Cape Cod men were turn-
ing their hand first to one thing
and then to another, wild cranber-
ries continued to grow unnoticed
in the moist lowlands. That is, un-
noticed by the men, but the women
knew where they were growing.
Each fall when the berries were
ripe, the women gathered up their
aprons and with a bucket in hand
went to pick the berries for sauce
and pie and even ci'anberry juice."

Gladys Lacroix: "Wait now, my
history has missed a step. Did you
say cranberry juice ? I thought
that was a modern product."

Mrs. Costello: "We do think of
cranberry juice as a product of
this modern juice-drinking age,
but in 1683 this tasty drink was
served very often."

Mrs. Costello then gave a brief
history of the beginning of cran-
berry cultivation on Cape Cod,
stai-ting with the experiment of
Henry Hall at Dennis about 1816,
up to the present use of such mod-
ernn inventions as the helicopter.

In connection with the history,
Mrs. Costello said that history was
one of her majors in school, that
she had gone to Bates College in
Maine, Washington University in
St. Louis, and to Boston Univer-
sity, and having majored in history
in economics she finally found her-

Tea

self teaching school in raral areas.
She said she now enjoyed the ruva!
life as the wife of a cranberry
grower and had no desire to go
back to the city.

As the wife of a cranberry grow-
er she told her radio audience she
was able to enjoy her hobby of
growing flowers, she had a (garden
for their own vegetables, had kept
goats, had an angora cat and col-
lie, and could indulge in her sjjec-
ial hobby of horseback riding, with
many beautiful, peaceful roads and
paths to ride along.

She said the most exciting thing
in the life of a cranberry grower
and his wife was possibly the
frosts, and she told of the warning
coming in and then thj struggle
to save the crop if the frost ap-
peared damaging.

To a question from Commission-
er Cole as to what is the hardest
thing for the cranberry grower to
take, she replied:

"I think from the point of view
of the cranberry grov.e." ihe hard-
est to take is the fact that this is
a one-crop business. If tlie crops
fail the books will not balance for
the year." She added, "But scien-
tific knowledge is doing away with
that hazard very rapidly. More
and more, cranberry raising is be-
ing placed on a scientific basis."

Crane Brook brought to che
O'Briens and the Costellos the kind
of life they wanted to laai.

Frank Costello stands beside the new flume beinpr constructed at the lower end
of Crane Brook. (CRANBERRIES Photo)

A Christmas Gift Suggestion . • •

Have you thought that the presentation of
a subscription to CRANBERKIES Magazine
might make a welcome gift to your foreman, or
some one else interested in cranberry growing?

Eleven

(^ditMals

ISSUE OF DECEMBER, 1947
Vol. 12 No. 8

\j^^<^*»>'^'^H^€,

LONG LIVE THE CRANBERRY QUEEN

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS

AT the Cape Cod Cranben-y Queen elec-
tion, coronation and festival at Ware-
ham. Massachusetts, last month, a happy
thought, with much possibility, was put for-
ward by the general chairman. It was an
idea which this magazine has suggested
before. This is the ambitious project of a
national cranberry queen, this queen su-
preme to be elected in a "run-off", after a
regional queen has been elected in each
principal cranberry state.

Cape Cod has had its annual queen con-
test and election for three yeai's now. Ore-
gon chose its first this year. Wisconsin,
before the war, where the idea of a cran-
berry queen had its origin, chose one, or a
pair of queens some years. So the idea is
familiar to- three of the five cranberry
producing areas. It could even be made
international, if Nova Scotia growers se-
lected a queen from there.

Such a plan, if it could be carried out,
would obviously require a lot of work on
the part of someone, and there would be
a fund-raising campaign involved. But the
cranberry industry can do things if it
tries! It would help make the industry bet-
ter acquainted ; it would pi'ovide additional
favorable publicity for cranberries. The
sending of the Cape Cod queen to New
York, handsomely outfitted by NCA, and
with ACE providing the trip to the metrop-
olis, where she delivered cranberries to the
City Hall, met celebrities, received screen
and television tests and made a transcrip-
tion for broadcast, gained cranberries a
good measure of publicity. Long live the
"Cranberry Queen."

WE would call attention this month to
the new feature which is beginning,
and will continue monthly, we hops. This
is the material prepared by J. Richard
Beattie, new Extension Cranberry Special-
ist in Massachusetts. While this will, of
course, mostly concern activities in Massa-
chusetts, there should be some pointers and
suggestions to growers in the other areas.
After all, Massachusetts is still the largest
producing area and what goes on in the
Bay State has a preponderance of interest
to the entire industry. Which leads up to
the thought which follows.

Twelve

Subscription $3.00 per year
Advertising rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS

Wisconsin

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington— Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY

Cranberry Specialist

Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK

Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Statioil

East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent

Barnstable, Mass.

I

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranbei'ry and Blueberry Station |

Pemberton, New Jersey

NEW YORK ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVE

THE MACFARLAND COMPANY
289 Fourth Avenue Gra. 6-2380

AN outstanding factor in this year's pro-t
duction which should be noted is the
increase in production in the West, and!
by west we mean Wisconsin and the Pacificji
Coast. Time was when the Atlantic Sea^
board was completely in the driver's seat
as far as the growing of cranberries was
concerned. Many "monopolies" which
were eastern are now being threatened by
western competition. And who can gain-
say that to the fastest belongs the race?

Which in our opinion does not mean that
the East is not to gain in cranberry produc-
t on in the next few years. We are sure it
will. But will not the West make faster
gains?

TO all our readers and friends, East and
West, CRANBERRIES wishes a .ioyous
Christmas and a Prosperous 1948.

«

Pictorial Section

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Thirteen

Queen and Movie Star Give Chef Lesson

Cape Cod's Cranberry Queen. Sharun Casey, i^ .s(,eii with movie star P^ddie Bracken, as they give Chef Mike Parades.
of the Hotel Gotham. N. Y., a lesson on making cranberry s auce. The photo was taken during Miss Casey's trip to New
York as the guest of the New England Cranberry Sales Co. and the American Cranberry Exchange. (ACE Photo)

.Fourtee

Above: The Cape Cod Queen, Sharon Casey, presents a box of fresh fruit to the deputy mayor of New York at the
City HalL BeJow: Miss Casey is shown with "Bob" Kornfeld, editor of ACE's "Cranberry World", at the Stork Club.

(Photos, courtesy American Cranberry Exchange)

Fifteen

PORTRAIT STUDY

SHARON CASEY

Cape Cod*s 1947
Cranberry Queen

Below: left. Patricia Jeffer-
son, first queen ;right, Barbara
Costa, last year's choice.

(Portrait by Parks)

Sixteen

Market for Fresh
Fruit Stiffened

"Pretty as a Picture" — Miss Eleanor Bearce of National Cranberry Associ-
ation models the gown of the Cranberry Queen. (Photo courtesy of NCA)

Early Novembei-, at the time
when American Cranberry Ex-
change (Nov. 3) opened its price
on Late Howes at $7.00 a quarter
barrel box brought a slump in the
fresh market, which had been de-
veloping during the unseasonable
warm weather of October, and with
some I'ather tender berries to be
disposed of. However with the
coming of sustained seasonal cold
and usual holiday demand, the
prices firmed the week before
Thanksgiving and as December
came in the fresh market was de-
finitely satisfactory.

New England Cranberry Sales
Company expected to be well
cleaned up in the Christmas mar-
ket before Christmas. There was a
markedly better feeling concerning
fruit toward the end of the season.

Regarding the processed market,
M. L. Urann of NCA said in his
November broadcast the consumer
cemand for canned sauce was
stronger than anticipated, and that
he looked for good sales all through
December.

He said the National expected to
receive from its members about
380,000 barrels, whether the total
ci-op would be 750,000 barrels as
per the latest Government estimate,
or possibly only 700,000. He said
that co-op expected to sell fresh
50,000 barrels, and of the total
crop he estimated about 450,000
barrels would be processed.

M^^ ^oitr ^ub ^ong ^uni ^rigl]tig

Bringing in the Yule Log is an ancient Christmas cus-
tom, and so is the exchange of good wishes among
men of good will. To all our friends and customers,
"May Your Yule Log Burn Brightly".

HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO.

E. C. St. Jacques

WAREHAM, MASS.

S«v«nteeii

To Our Cranberry
Friends and Customers

Our Holiday wish to you
is that the joyous light of
Christmas will continue to
gladden your heart
throughout the year.

Frost Insecticide Co.

p. O. Box 36
Arlington 74, Massachusetts

Santa Claus Is
Coming — and by
Helicopter

The forward march of progress
has not left Santa Claus behind.
Eager to keep up to the minute
and use the very latest means of
transportation, he will ti'avel this
season by helicopter.

The occasion will be the annual
Christmas party given by M. L.
Urann, presioent of the National
Cranberry Association, for child-
ren in the towns of Hanson, Pem-
broke and Halifax. Date set this
year for the party is December 20,
and all youngsters of the first and
second grades and under in the
three towns were invited to attend
the party at the National's Hanson
office, starting at 2:00 p. m. About
three o'clock the sky will leverber-
ate with the sound of rotor blades.

SIGNS First Available SIGNS

"FIRE WARNING, Etc."

and

"NO TRESPASSING"

Long-lasting, weatherproof, enamel finish cloth signs
POST YOUR PROPERTY NOW AND BE PROTECTED

Trial
Order

10 Fire Warning cloth signs
10 No Trespassing cloth signs

9x12
9x12

$5.00
Postpaid

Special prices on larger quantities Kindly send check with order to:

25 Sheridan Drive THURE S. HOLM Millon, 86, Mass.

Portable Overhead Irrigation

and

Frost Control

WITH THE MOST UP-TO-DATE

QUICK COUPLINGS

PIPE

FITTINGS

SPRINKLER HEADS

PUMPS

Buy the outfit that deposits water mo.st efficiently
where and when your particular bog needs it.

Consider your total yearly costs for both equipment
and labor.

Use our experience and resources in designing and furnishing
your system.

LUNDQUIST CO., Inc.

WEST WOODSTOCK. CONN.

and one of NCA's "Ocean Spray-er"
helicopters will descend to deposit
Santa Claus and his loaa of gifts.
About 400 children are expected to
witness this sensational improve-
ment over the old fashioned rein-
deer-driven sleigh.

Children in Hanson, Pembroke
and Halifax are not the only ones
who will be visited in this manner
by Santa Claus. The towns of Fal-
mouth and Medford have already
requested the use of one of NCA's
two helicopters to transport Mr.
Claus to children's parties, and a
spokesman of the National reports
that the Association is delighted
to assist in such a worthy under-
taking.

SCOOPS

and

SCREENINGS

The story of Cranguyma Farm,
Long Beach, Washington, was a
feature of the Pacific "Parade"
Magazine section of the November
2 issue of the Oregon Journal. Be-
sides the story of Cranguyma and
the cranberry industry, a number
of fine pictures taken from the air,
appeared in a double page spread.
Farm Manager Joe Alexson was
featured in the article, as well as
the bi^- .sprinkler system, the rail-
road and women weeders on the
bog.

Leonard Morris, well-known
cranberry grower of the Long
Beach Peninsula, Washington, has
been elected president of the II-
waco-Long Beach Kiwanis club.
Dr. J. H. Clarke of Cranguyma is
one of seven directors.

An interesting ad which we hap-
pened to notice in the daily press
and also in color in magazines,
featured cranberries. This was by
a Milwaukee beer manufacturer,
which featured a bottle of the
product, boxes of cranberries, a
cranberry scoop, with the caption,
"Scoop of the Year", and the fur-
ther information it would indeed
be a lucky cranberry picker who
found he'd scooped up a cool,
sparkling bottle of the manufac-
turer's beer. The scoop shown,
incidentally, was a New Jersey
type.

Eighteen

"Food Marketing in New Eng-
ind", publication of First National
tores, gave Ellis D. Atwood's
Edaville Railroad" and the cran-
erry industry a good article in
;s November issue. It commented
hat every November "Food Mar-
eting" contained an article upon
ranberries, and vi^hile precedent
j not an idol of the editor, "with
he cranberry industry we cotton
D this particular precedent. The
ranberry people now are plug-
ing, in their ads, cranberries as a
atural with chicken, and they
ave done other things to make
his native fruit a year-round
,em. . . .

"The Cranberry Belt Line" arti-
le which follows this introduction
> well illustrated with a number
f half-tones, and referring to the
ew station at Edaville says this
is as complete in its way as Grand
ientral Station, with soca foun-
ain, grill, newsstands, souvenir
ispensary, and plenty of comfort-
ble chairs. Favorite concoction
t the soda bar is a cranberry
rappe."

released to the general press by the
United States Department of Agri-
culture that cranberries are under-
going cross-breeding and a better
and bigger cranberry with better
keeping quality is in the cards. The
word also went out that the new
berries will score high in appear-
ance— and it will take only 48 of
the largest size to fill a cup.

our page 14 of this issue. "Nutmeg
in cranberry sauce? " he remark-
ed. But we might remind, this was
sauce made to a queen's receipe,
which shouldn't be confused with
ordinary sauce.

Maybe this particular joke is on
us — or maybe somebody else. But
it was pointed out to us by Sharp-
Eyed "Bob" Hunter of Wareham,
who is known to many of the Mas-
sachusetts growers, that he coulcn't
help but wonder what the nutmeg
tin was doing by the mixing bowl
for cranberry sauce, as shown on

C. W. Kitchen, executive vice
president of the United Fresh Fruit
& Vegetable Association, Washing-
ton, D. C. (who has spoken to cran-
berry gi'owers in Massachusetts) in
a recent address said that around
20 billion dollars will be spent for
food next year and of this amount
between 7 and 8 billion for fresh
fruit and vegetables. The trend of
the time, he said, is for a greater
per capita consumption of these. He
added the percentage should be

During November the news was

CRANBERRY GROWERS!

Come to the Sunny Southwest!

Your most desirable Winter Holiday Address!

For Fun and Relaxation make your reservations

now

El Rancho Corona, Sabino Canyon Rd., Tucson, Ariz.
The Sunshine City's finest Guest Ranch

Your Continued SUCCESS
INSURES Our Prosperity

tl|g Jgcat of (Soob JIfortune tn 1948.

Jesse H. Holmes & Son

CARVER CENTER, MASS.
Tel. Carver 10-3

'You grow the berries, we'll furnish the boxes'

Nineteen

IRRIGATION

EQUIPMENT
and SUPPLIES

MANUFACTURER'S

DISTRIBUTOR

OF

FLEX-OSEAL

Pressure tight — Lightweight
PORTABLE PIPE

8"x20' lengths , $27.50

6"xZ0' lengths 20.46

4"x20' lengths 16.40

3"x20' lengths 11.35

•

SPRINKLER HEADS

SUCTION HOSE

DISCHARGE FITTINGS

ENGINE
PUMPING UNITS

We have available

a large quantity of

O. C. D. Chrysler Pumping Units

SkidSt Trailers, Front Mounts

Giant Portable Heads

for

Vegetables

Potatoes — Field Crops

Cranberries

Through experience gained in act-
ual operation of many miles of Flex-
0-Seal Pipe and all types of rotary
Sprinkler Heads on our own Cape Cod
Farm and from experience in setting
up installations on most of the large
rotary sprinkler type irrigation sys-
tems in New England on tobacco, po-
tato, vegetable and cranberry layouts,
we feel qualified to engineer your ir-
rigation recjuiremnts.

Visitors Invited to

Irrigation Division

VEG-ACRE-FARM

Forestdale (Cape Cod) Mass.
Phone Osterville 719

LITERATURE - PRICES

LAYOUTS - ESTIMATES

FREE ON REQUEST

Attention
Bog Owners

Why Not Subscribe
to

CRANBERRIES

Magazine

for your Foreman?

It would be a Good
Business Investment

even greater. He said "we know
how to grow fruits and vegetables,
but are we good enough merchants
to sell it? It appears we must be-
come better salesmen."

Save This

Magazine for

Future Reference

Cranberry Bogs
Bought and Sold

on Cape Cod

ROBERT R. LARKIN
Realtor

West Harwich, Mass.

Tel. Har. 504-W

Rain When You Want It
RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS

.■,i^.^..,_ f."'^4«' f>-

For Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation

Rain Bird Sprinkling systems do the job you want
them to do, when you want it. All working parts are
accessible and fool proof. Oscillator arm breaks up
stream to give maximum benefit.

Consult Rain Bird engineering department for advice
on your irrigation problems.

For complete information on Rain Bird Sprinkling
Systems, write,
For the East and Midwest On the Pacific Coast

L. R. NELSON MFG. CO.
Peoria, Illinois

R. M. WADE and CO.
Portland, Oregon

JOSEPH BRECK & SONS *** „ _ „„

85 Stale Street OREGON CULVERT CO.

Boston, Mass. Portland, Oregon

IRRIGATION DIVISION
VEGACRE FARM
' ~ Forestdale (Cape Cod) Mass.

RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CO.

GLENDORA, CALIF.

Twenty

^gM /^ &0^

^rea "Sprinkler by

SKINNER

uniftrm covera|e"slightly
• less than 3 acres.

PERFORMANCE TABLE
5 Star Sprinkler

Nozzle

Pressure

GPM

Maximum

Lbs./Sq. Inch.

Coverage

'/a"

70

224

260

Main

80

240

280

Nozzle

90

254

320

100

268

336

1"

70

277

310

Main

80

296

320

Nozzle

90

314

330

100

322

354

IVb"

70

337

350

Main

80

360

360

Nozzle

90

382

370

100

402

390

Engineered - BALANCED - Precision Made

Skinner large area sprinklers have the
most positive and uniform distribution
of water of any sprinklers now on the
market. They are large area, large
volume sprinklers — and they have
been grower tested. They give a uni-
form coverage of up to slightly less
than 3 acres. Pan test results proving
uniformity of coverage are available.
Developed after extensive research,
they are completely balanced and re-
duce thrust to a minimum. Every
working part is accessible and can be
replaced at minimum cost — you don't

have to discard a Skinner. A positive
speed adjustment controls rotation of
from 1 revolution in 4 minutes to 1
revolution in 40 minutes. No tools re-
quired to make these adjustments.
This 5 Star Sprinkler, together with 7
other models, make up the most com-
plete line of agricultural sprinklers on
the market today. There is a Skinner
Sprinkler for every agricultural wat-
ering job. Write today for complete
information on how these sprinklers
can help you.

THE SKINNER IRRIGATION CO.

> Water St,

TROY, OHIO

Midwest Co-op to
Produce 75,000 of
Wisconsin's 140,000

state Organization of NCA
Has Increased Member-
ship From 29 to 45 — New
Office Building Nearly
Completed.

(Special to CRANBERRIES)

Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. — Stai't-
ing with a membership of twenty-
nine members in 1946, the Midwest
Cranberry Co-operative, Wisconsin
Rapids, Wisconsin, the state organ-
ization of the National Cranberry
Association, Hanson, Massachu-
setts, has increased in membership
to forty-five members. Members
of the Midwest Cranberry Co-oper-
ative market 100% of their crop
with the National Cranberry As-
sociation.

In 1946 this group's one thousand
acres produced 60,000 barrels of
the states' 145,000 barrel crop.
With an increase of three hundred
acres, half of which are producing
and the balance planted, the Mio-

West's 1947 crop will be approxi-
mately 75,000 barrels. Eighty per
cent of the 1947 crop was shipped
out by November 1.

A new one story brick office
building located in Wisconsin Rap-
ids will be ready for occupancy the
first of the year. Besides offices
the building will contain a labor-
atory and greenhoues where re-
search pertaining to Wisconsin
Cranberry marshes will be carried
on.

The present officers of the Mid-
West Cranberry Co-operative are:
President, H. F. Duckart, Wiscon-
sin Rapics, Wis.; vice president, 0.
0. Potter, Warrens, Wis.; secre-
tary-treasurer, William F. Thiele,
Wisconsin Rapids, Wis.; manager,
L. A. Sorenson, Wisconsin Rapids,
Wis.

"CRANBERRIES-

ADVERTISING

PAYS BIG

DIVIDENDS!

Reasonable

Rates

on Request

Minot Expanding
Ad Program to
Their Largest Yet

Campaign Stresses Use of
Cranberries with All Foods
— Fowl, Meat and Fish.

Minot Food Packers, Inc., Bridge-
ton, New Jersey, canners of MIN-
OT Jellied "CRANBERRY SAUCE"
and "CONWAY'S Whole Berry
CRANBERRY SAUCE", are re-
leasing the largest advertising
campaign in their history. News-
papers throughout the country are
carrying large space advertise-
ments each week — these increasing
in size before the Thanksgiving
and Christmas holidays.

The copy theme stresses the use
of Cranberry Sauce not alone with
fowl, but with all foods, whether
fowl, meat, fish, or others. With
the increasing popularity of the
delightful fiavor of cranberries,
William E. Lyke, Sales Manager of
Minot Food Packers, Inc., states
that more and more this fruit is

fyf-

Again this year, may we extend to all a very Merry
Christmas and a Happy New Year, through the bright
beam of "Old Number Seven's" searchlight? Visit us
during the Holiday season and enjoy the festive spir-
it at "EDAVILLE."

Most sincerely,

Elthea and Ellis D. Atwood
South Carver, Mass.

I

Twenty- -two

e-W^Z - PHI^ O Tlffi LINE;

being- used the year 'round. And
in line with this broadening sales
development of cranberries, Minot
Food Packers, Inc., are broadening
their advertising program to a
year 'round basis to encourage this
further use of cranberries in many
different ways.

Mr. Lyke further adds that al-
though there was an over-stocking
of canned cranberry sauce in the
retail trade during 1946 and early
1947, this condition is rapidly cor-
recting itself, due to the fact that
many canners who were restricted
in their regular lines had packed
cranberry sauce during the war
years, are now discontinuing this
line. He further states that unlike
many canners of cranberry sauce,
Minot Food Packers, Inc. were for-
tunate in that they did not carry
over any canned cranberry sauce
from the 1946-47 season and were
completely sold out, and as a re-
sult all of the MINOT pack being
.shipped to the trade this year is
their fresh pack.

All food surveys definitely indi-
cate that there is a substantial in-
crease in the use of canned cran-
berry sauce throughout the coun-

try, and this item is rapidly becom-
ing a standard and popular food
to use throughout the year.

Urann Re-elected
To Farm Credit
Administration.

Marcus L. Urann, president of
National Cranberry Association,
has been re-elected to the Farm
Credit Board of Springfield, for
a three-year term beginning- Jan-
uary 1, it was announced by the
president of the Board. Mr. Urann
will serve as a director of the
Springfield Bank for Co-operatives,
the Federal Land Bank, the Fed-
eral Intermediate Credit Bank and
the Pi-oduction Credit Corporation,
all units of the Farm Credit Ad-
ministration. Mr. Urann was first
elected to the board in 1938 by the
Farmers' co-operative in the
Northeast Co-operative.

The board directs a Farm Credit
business of approximately $119,-
000,000 in the New England
States, New York and New Jer-
sey.

INCREASE

the usefulness of your
present equipment.

Let us mount a new

CONVERTO DUMP BODY

in any Va o 1 Ton Pick-up Truck

It only takes a few minutes —
ideal for SANDING and odd
jobs.

Immediate Delivery

H. A. SUDDARD, Inc.

Wareham, Mass.

"Your Ford Dealer"

giant irrigator
high pre.ssure

FACTOHY OmCES

Fresno: P O. Box 232
Chicago: 76S8 Calumet
Los Anqeles- 7280 Metro??

to Cranberry Bog Specifications

Buckner Cranberry sprinklers
■were designed by Cranberry Bog engi-
neers and are built for economical, trouble-free
operation Choice of models gives you a perfect cur-
tain of v/ater for any size bog. Low installation cost.
Proven results in all bog sections of the country. See
your Buckner representative no-w — there's one near
you, and Buckner Sprinklers are available on short
notice.

pcft^^

^:%.

f^uff^crv^

^taii^CP

dual-action
low pres.sur©

MASSACHUSETTS

Ttie Clapper Co.
1121 Washington
West Newton

PACmC NORTHWEST

Poison Impl. Co.
631 Western Ave.
Seattle Wash.

Twenty-three

Cranberry Queen

(Continued from Pace 4)

had been displayed at the corona-
tion.

The queen's dress was made of
emerald green satin, with cap
sleeves and crystal-cut buttons and
a petite waist, tied with corded
green satin. The skirt was the
flaring ballerian style seen in all
fashion magazines this fall. For
over the dress the queen was given
a smoky-gray greatcoat with full
back and hood, which the latest
style requires. To match the coat
there was a gray velvetine hat,
sporting a cluster of black feathers
at one side. Accessories induced
sheer gray stockings, black doeskin
gloves, black suede shoes, and a
black calfskin handbag; lingerie
was eggshell satin, trimmed with
lace.

On the morning of the 19th Stan-
ley Benson took the queen and her
mother to the New York train at
Providence and then there began
a busy round for the winner of
Cape Cod's 1947 contest. She was
met at New York by Mr. and Mrs.
Kornfeld. This included the pre-
sentation of a box of fresh cran-
berries to the deputy mayor of the
city; an 8-minute transcription in-
terview at the National Broadcast-
ing Company studio, the interview
being broadcast later on the Mod-
ern Farm Program. At the Movie-
town studio she was accepted by
Edith Vyvyen Donner for a part in
a fashion short, and later went to
the Stork Club where she was
joined by Roger Murrer, one of the
television directors of NBC, to have
a part in one of the plays which
went on the next night. She met
Perry Como, radio singing star, in
the Century Room at the Hotel
Commodore, and other celebrities.

National Has Aerial
Prints 0 f South-
eastern Mass.

National Cranberry Association
has had 800 square miles of Ply-
mouth and Barnstable counties
photographed from the air, with
work now completed and sample
prints reaty to show at Hanson.

Pictures are clear and accurate
and may be "blown up" to 200 or
even 100 feet to the inch to reveal
small details. They give an en-
tirely new conception of South-
eastern Massachusetts if assem-
bled, and individually to given
areas.

These can be used by cranberry
growers in determining exact acre-
age, buildings, flumes, dikes, wat-
er-courses, shape of bogs, etc.
They are also permanent records
of the bog at the time the picture
was taken. The "contact" prints
are 8x8 and cover 4 square miles.
National is offering these prints to
growers and to members of boards
of selectmen, assessors, fire war-
dens and othei's in Southeastern
Massachusetts who might L^ inter-
ested.

Fresh from the Fields

(Continued from V:\^e 5)

another large crop for '48. Some
of the growers have been concerned
about unseasonably warm weather,
fearing over-growth of bud^. Ct-i-
ers feel it has been a fine fall fcr
cranberry vines and the amount
of sunlight was definitely a fav-
orable factor.

Keeping Quality
About keeping quality of the '47
crop, Hammond reports the Searles
Jumbos, on the average proved to

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

BOG MANAGEMENT

17 Court St.
Plymouth, Mass.

Tels: Plymouth 1622
Kingston 319

If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will
pay you to see us.

A number of properties available, more wanted.

be poor, the Natives fair, and the
McFarlins in most instances very
good, although there were isolated
instances of very poor quality;
Howes, as usual, seem to be the

JARI POWER SCYTHE

Cuts weeds, grass, brush

Write for details

CALCO
Rainmaker

Portable Steel Pipe

Milorganite

Organic 6% Nitrogen Fertilizer

ttlTfIt* /RR/GAT/ON

= Wiih

LESS
WATER

CO.

llil W*SHI\(ill>\ STREET
WEST NEWTON 65, MASS.

A Model For
Every Preisure

For Farm, OrcKord or Truck Garden. Ea»il/
and quickly n^lnled on any irrigation pipt.
Heavy duly l|n)ss and bronze conitruction
for long lervu^ Sand and dirt proof. Wa-
ter lubricated^arings— no oil or grease re-
quired. No ^» moving partt to rapidly
wear out. M(^»num eoverafle— even diitri-
button. Kft

^ BUCKNER MANUFACTURING CO.(t
16IS Blackstone Ave., Fresno, California ll

BUCKNER SPRINKLERS

m^/^iiii

Twenty -four

I

Dest keepers of the crop. Yield of
Howes per acre was high.

[MASSACHUSETTS

Expect Sufficient Winter Flood

November was a seasonal month,
ivith perhaps a little deficiency in
;unshine, but considerable more
•ainfall than in previous months,
I total of 3.41 inches. This was
sufficient to remove much of the
vorries of growers concerning win-
;er flooding this month, that is, as
applying to bogs which normally
lave winter flood. There is not
low expected to be much, if any
ibnormal winterkill because of lack
)f flowage waters. Highest tem-
Derature of the month was 62 on
he 4th, and the lowest, 15, on the
light of November 30.

On Nov. 26 notices were sent out
o growers by county agents on a
eport prepared by Extension Cran-
)erry Specialist Beattie to flood at
)nce all new bogs (in hills) to pre-
'ent heaving of plants by frost
iction; to flood bogs as soon as the
;urface is frozen to point of diffi-
•ulty in breaking with heel of shoe,

arid that bogs with limited water
supply should have flumes closed
to conserve all available water.
There was the remincer to flood as
soon as low temperatures and high,
dry winds occur, and growers were
urged to watch the weather care-

fully.

Crop Probably Up

Some of the growers were still
in a slight quandary as to the to-
tal production the 1947 crop had
rolled up, but the latest estimates
were accepted in view of the fact

THOMAS BROTHERS
General Contractors

MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

Tel. Midoleboro 772

Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells
Transit Mix Concrete

Complete Line of Construction Equipment
Excavating - Grading - Hauling

Leave the Tough Jobs for Us
Our Experience is Your Guarantee

eter

x\« J^e 1^

age

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 740

"KEEP SMILING"

Peter A. LeSage ,,,„„„,,

Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries TcL Barnstable io7

Twenty-five

Howes ran practically up to earlier
estimates and taking into consid-
eration the floats which had been
retrieved.

NEW JERSEY

Temperature

November was colder than nor-
mal through the 24th in South Jer-
sey, with an average daily mean
temperature of 43.8°, which is 2.6°
below normal. The extremes of
temperature in this period were a
high of 63° on the 4th and a low
of 20° on the morning of the 21st.
Precipitation

Heavy rains curing the last four
days of October and rather fre-
quent heavy rain during November
have alleviated the severe drought
conditions that prevailed dui'ing
the early fall. Water for winter
flooding now looks like no problem.
Rainfall through the 24th was 5.06
inches, which is 1.81 inches more
than the average rainfall for the
month.

Blueberry Pruning

Blueberry leaves stayed on the
bushes unusually late this year,

delaying the start of pruning. By
the week of the 17th, however,
most growers had started pruning
on those varieties that had dropped

their leaves the most.

A blueberry pruning demonstrs
tion was held at the field of Ethei
bert and Ralph Haines on Novem

Colley

Cranberry

Company

Plymouth, Mass.

Office
17 Court Street

Telephone
Plymouth 1622

We are "All Set" to serve Massachusetts Growers

* WITH ANY JOB OF BOG RENOVATION.

* NEW BOG CONSTRUCTION

* BOG MAINTE?^ANCE

We have Power Shovels (3) ; Tractor Bulldozers (3) ; Cranes, Scrapers, 90-
Yard Screener; Power Winches, Draguers; Road Grader — 30 competent Oper-
ators and employes— AND THE NECESSARY EXPERIENCE AND KNOW-
HOW.

E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Franconia Service Station

Freight Transportation (including cranberries
n season). Heavy equipment hauling.
Tel. 227

Franconia Coal Co.

Water-White Kerosene for Weed Control this
spring.

Tel. 39-R

Tires, Tubes, Batteries, Auto and Truck Re-
pairing and Greasing. Jenney Gasoline and
Motor Oils.

Distributors for
MACK and INTERNATIONAL TRUCKS

Tel. 39-R

CAULT CONSTRUCTION COMPANY

"EDDIE" T. GAULT, JR.

Main St., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. 227

Twenty-six

ber 24 under the direction of Bur-
ling-ton County Agricultural Agent,
D. L. Kensler. In spite of inclem-
ent weather about 35 hardy souls
turned out to watch Charlie Doeh-
lert show how it should be done
on the different varieties most
commonly grown in New Jersey
today.

On December 4 a pruning meet-
ing- for Atlantic County growers
will be held at the field of Joe Tes-
ta at Hammonton, and on Decem-
ber 9 there will be a demonstration
at the field of Oscar Downs at
Lakehurst for blueberry growers
of Ocean County.

Notes

E. D. Ballard of Weymouth has
done extensive sanding at his New
Gretna bogs.

getting a line on the latest devel-
opments in the insect control line.

Fred Miller of Vincentown, who
has been renovating an old bog,
was very pleased with the crop this
year.

Charlie Doehlert and Bill Tom-
linson spent November 20 and 21
at the Eastern Branch Entomo-
logical meetings in Philadelphia,

Lester Collins of the Atlantic

Company and president of the Blue-
berry Cooperative Association, is
planning to escape the rigors of
the New Jersey winter by spend-

Cranberry Growers

Please no not wait until the hole is dug to order your flumes.
Prefabricated means we build them for you, you just install them.
Give us time to do your work.

Flumes — Prefabricated

Sliding Gate Reservoir Flumes — the kind that let you sleep on

frosty nights.

Dog-leg Reservoir Flumes — for Oxygen Enrichment.

Flashboard-type Lower Flumes — for close regulation of water

levels.

With Armco Pipe

Long Lengths — few joints — easy to handle.

Galvanized, asbestos bonded, completely coated, with a pavea

bottom to take the wear.

And No Spiling

Instead, on short pipes, reservoir flumes, or where eels and
muskrats are bad, use a corrugated-iron seepwall collar, ex-
tending two feet above, below, and both sides of pipe.

Assembled in a fevf hours

Excavating and backfilling your chief problem.

No Settlement

Except as the whole dike settles, even on the softest bottom.

R. A. TRUFANT — Hydraulic Consultant

Tel- Carver 64-11 - Bog Railroads For Sale or Rent - North Carver, Mass.

OIl|rt$tnta0 Cir^^tmg0 . .

WE TAKE PLEASURE IN OF-
FERING ALL THE COMPLI-
MENTS OF THE SEASON,
AND TRULY HOPE YOU
HAVE A VERY HAPPY HOLI-
DAY.

The New England Cranberry Sales Company

9 Station Street

Middleboro, Mass.

Twenty-seveD

ing- January and February in South
America and South Africa. Travel
will be made by airplane.

WASHINGTON

At the end of November weather
was mild and comfortably warm
and growers were starting in to
prune. There were one or two
nights of frost during the week of
the 17th when temperatures during
the night were down to 2.5 regrees.

D. J. Crowley points out that
Washington has produced .50 bar-
rels of cranberries for the first
time in history, and the growth to
this figure has been steady, step-
ping up a little each year for the
past five years. This, he feels, is a
healthy way to grow, rather than
a big crop and then a drop back
the next year, and as this has not
been the case he feels the Wash-
ington progress is very satisfact-
ory.

Cranguyma procuced a little
over 700 barrels this year and so
was not a big factor in Washington
production, but should be by next
year as maturity is reached.

Mr. Crowley has hopes of get-
ting a new office and laboratory
building at Long Beach, as the sta-
tion is badly in need of it. He is
not sure this will be accomplished
during the winter, but hopes it may
be.

Notes

Jimmie Olson and Sumner Fish
of Baiidon, Oregon, visited the sta-
tion during November.

Dr. and Mrs. J. H. Clarke of
Cranguyma plan to leave the early
part of December for Washington,
and he expects to visit eastern
cranberry sections curing the
Christmas holidays.

D. J. Crowley of the Washington
Cranberry Experiment Station was
a speaker at a recent meeting of
Long Beach Peninsula Cranberry
club, which was attended by about
50. He discussed fungi which at-

TILLER MT/w

9 Full horsepower motor

A SUndard (>»o speeds -
forward arnJ reverse.

• Positive iclion. multi-
ple disc clutch.

9 Full sized '/lietwtnc
alloy steel tines.

ARIENS COMPANY • BRILLION.WIS.

tack the cranberry and the effect
of winter flooding on bogs.

Nolan Servoss, Assistant County
Agent for Pacific and Grays Har-
bor counties, gave a general dis-
cussion on weeds. It was an-
nounced weed killing demonstra-
tions will be held later.

President Leonara Morris was in
charge, and Al Sunburg acted as

secretary.

Records show that October was
the wettest month in the history
of the North Head Weather bureau,
near Ilwaco. Precipitation that
month totaled 11 inches. Previous
high was 10.93 inches, which record
has stood since 1882. There was
only one wholly clear day, three
partly cloudy, and 27 cloudy.

YULETIDE
GREETINGS

TO
EVERYONE!

Plymouth County Electric Co.

WAREHAM

Tel. 200

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 1 300

BEATON'S

DISTRIBUTING

AGENCY

Q.ap2. 6ad GAcui&eAALel

Wareham, Massachusetts

Tel. Wareham 130

Twenty-eifffat

^5«'

,N«sP^^

.T«^s

Consistent Year 'Round

NEWSPAPER
ADVERTISING

ii producing conHantl^
increaHng^ Aaleil

,cd ^'■''^'

/^ will pay you DIVIDENDS
to deal with

MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS

INC.

IDGETON

NEW JERSEY

Represented by

BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY

WAREHAM, MASS.

delicious, clear-jellied

Only fine quality cranberries,
sugar and water go into MIN-OT'S
— assuring you the full cranberry
flavor that adds unique
tastiness to ony meal! Try
MIN-OT'S with meat, fish or
fowl — its zestful flavor
makes all foods deliciously
tempting ... its jellied per-
fection mokes serving easy!

HEADY rO SCRVi

for old-fath,oned, whole berry iouee, buy CONWAYS.

T H E f&stW& pUUt FOR ALL OCCASIONS

iX-^^^^^^hS^^^h^

'^l

i

i

f To All Our Friends
J In the Cranberry Industry

In Related Industries

Best wishes for a happy holiday season.

There are many more of us than there were at
this time last year. We have met and conquered
the challenge of the post-rationing* market.

We are happy for many things, but for noth-
ing so much as the peace that reigns on earth. We
hope for nothing so much as increased good will
among men.

May the New Year bring you joy and pros-
perity.

I

///

The Members and Management

of the
American Cranberry Exchange

Marketers of

Eatinor
Cranberries

90 West Broadway

New York, N. Y.

RVINC A $12,000,UUU A YtAK IINU

APE COD
^EW JERSEY
WISCONSIN
OREGON
WASHINGTON

G. EVERETT Hl)\Vf;.S He's R.luiililini; Old e'aiK I'.ogs

(Story Page 8)

30 Cents

January, 1948

Continuity of Service

For 53 years we have given uninterrupted service to the cranberry
growers of New Jersey. The second, third, and fourth generations of
our members have found that there is no substitute for it. It has been
time tested and proven to be the best service under all circumstances.

Growers Cranberry Company, Inc.

PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

(A Cooperative)

(Build a Aiarket . . .

ai la^t ai y.ou (Build Sog.^ !

Women read magazines like Good Housekeeping, Ladies Home Journal, Better
Homes and Gardens, because they are interested in homemaking .... and they are
eager to try the food suggestions and recipes they find.

That's -why Ocean Spray advertising is placed in these national women's magazines
right where it reaches the people who count .... the women who buy Ocean
Spray over and over again. National advertising builds sales.

The cranberry grower hasn't completed his job until the last ounce of cranberry
sauce disappears from the consumer's table and the family asks for more. Working
coperatively through the National Cranberry Association, growers can assure them-
selves of an ever-widening market for their berries.

Join with NCA to Build a Market for Bigger Crops

National Cranberry Association

The Growers' Cooperative

Branches at:

North Harwich, Massachusetts
Dennis, Massachusetts
Bordentown, New Jersey
North Chicago, Illinois

Hanson, Massachusetts
Onset, Massachusetts
Plymouth, Massachusetts

Coquille, Oregon
Markham, Washington
Long Beach, Washington

DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREHAM 162

S. C. M. Packard & Go.

Hardware — Locksmiths
For Maintenance Supplies

Marinette &
Menominee Box Co.

Marinette, Wisconsin

BOXES. BOX SHOCKS. CRATING
WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES

M & M's 64th Year

Serving the Wieconsii
Cranberry Growers

Extensive Experience in

ELECTRICAL WORK

At Screenhoueee, Bees and
Pumpe Mean* SatiafaelleB

ALFRED PAPPI

WAJtEHAM, MASS. Tal. Ma

USE DYNAMITE

The modern Mray to re-
move stumps, excavate
rocks, DIG CORES FOR
DIKES, and other blasting
work in cranberry growing.
Speeds up work — reduces costs.
CONSULT WITH US ON ANY
WORK YOU ARE PLANNING.
Trained by Hercules Powder Co.

ALTON J. SMITH

High St., Hanson, Mass.
Tel. Bryantville 209-R-.3

Serving

Western Cranberry

Growers

with

High Quality Products
Rotenone
Pyrethrum

DDT Sprays & Dusts
Nicotine
Copper Sprays
Oil Sprays
Lime Sulphur Solution

MILLER PRODUCTS D

PPBTIBNO I. OREGON

For Sale

Two Cranberry Bogs with
water and sand. Both have
excellent opportunities.

E. A. WASHBURN
Marion, Mass.

Tel. Marion 2.37-R

Edwin K. Greer Co.

WAREHAM, MASS.
Est. 1891 Tel. Wareham 108

PIONEERS RETAILERS OF
BUILDING MATERIALS

CATERING To The CRANBERRY
INDUSTRY

LUMBER DRAIN PIPE

WOOD PRESERVERS BOLTS

TOOLS

He R. Bailey Co.

South Carver
Massachusetts

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.
in stock

Morris April Bros^

Bridgeton - Tuckaho

New Jersey

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

Wood
County
National
Bank

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

MCMBCR PKDCflAL DBP09IT
INSURANCE CORPORATION

SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY

ADAMS & GOULD

Acushnet

Lumber Dealers

Cape & Vineyard

Saw Mills Co.

"Everything Under Cover"
East Wareham, Mass.

Electric Company

GOOD

Tel. Wareham 648

WOOD BOXES

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Offices:

Chatham

Falmouth

Cranberry Growers

Order Harvest and

Shipping Boxes

Paints - Hardware

Hyannis

Vineyard Haven

New Bedford, Mau.

Est. 1865

Eitabliihed 1848

PLYMOUTH

Hall & Cole

Harvest

NATIONAL BANK

Plymouth

Incorporated

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

and

Shipping

Massachusetts

94 Faneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON, MASS.

Boxes

Member Federal Deposit

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES
SPECIALTIES

Jesse A. Holmes & Son

Insurance Corporation

Carver, Mass.

Car Lot Receivers

Tel. Carver 10-3

KROP-SAVER

brand

The Nafiona Bank of Wareham

INSECT CIDES
FUNGICIDES

Conveniently located for Cranberry men

Funds always available for sound loans

For the Cranberry Grower
CROP-SAVER

Complete Banking Service

CHEMICAL COMPANY Inc

3511 West Potomac Avenue
Chicago 51, Illinois

Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.

FIRST CAPE CRANBERRY SCHOOL BRINGS OUT ABOUT 125

Growers and Would-Be
Growers Hear Talks on
Bog Costs, What to Look
for in a Bog Site, and
Availability of Cranberry
Land.

One hundred and twenty-five at-
tended the first session of the cran-
berry school of Plymouth County
at the Ellis D. Atwood screenhouse
on the afternoon of December 16th
and were welcomed by the host,
Mr. Atwood, and by J. Richard
Beattie, Extension Cranberry Spec-
ialist, who conducted the session.
William G. Tufts of Middleboro
High school, who will conduct the
actual G. I. school, briefly report-
ed and made a request for any ad-
citional entrants.

The speakers were Russell Make-
peace, president of the Cape Cod
Cranberry Growers Association,
who spoke on "What It Takes to
Get Startea"; Joe L. Kelley, tech-
nical specialist of the Experiment
Station at East Wareham, on "What
Makes Good Bog Property"; and
George E. Short, past president of
Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As-
sociation and of South Shore
Cranberry Club, on "Availability
of Bog Land." None of the speak-
ers were dogmatic in their state-
ments, but spoke rather generally,
recognizing that there are indefi-
nitely varying circumstances in the
cranberry field, but they did try to
give potential bog operators .some
helpful suggestions.

Makepeace

Mr. Makepeace, giving a hypo-
thetical case and using a black-
board to visualize his figures, said:

"My subject is 'What it takes to
get started on cranberries. I am
honored and at the same time hesi-
tant to be acting as your first
school master this year — especially
upon so controversial a subject —
but here are some figures and
opinions upon which to base a dis-
cussion :

"The matter can be approached
in two ways: 1) how much money
have you to spend? 2) how much
income do you need to support
your self after borrowing?

"In other words, 'what can I get
for my money and what should I

do if I have little or none?' Now
there must be some assumptions
before we begin and I mention
three: 1) cost of going bog per
acre, $3,000; 2) production per
acre, 35 bbls; 3) price per barrel
to you, $20.00; 4) that you already
have a place to live. Let us take
a bog of five acres."

He then placed the cost of this
at $15,000, which he emphasized
includes pump or reservoir, sand,
dykes, ditches, and "we hope, some
building or other" He continued
that the beginner might borrow
$10,000, having capital himself of
S5,000. He said it would be nec-
essary to have invested $200 in
tools, spray or dusting equipment,
$200: truck, $800; boxes, $300,
these items totaling $1,500 which
with the $5,000 in capital plus
$1,000 to live on, brought the total
to §7,500.

He said receipts from this bog
at 35 bbls. to the acre and sold at
$20 a barrel, would be $3,500. The
cost would be $2,625, based on $15
a bbl. to produce, leaving a net in-
come of 175 per acre or a total of
S875.

He explained why he arrived at
the figure of $15 a bbl. for produc-
tion, which he admitted was a
highly controversial factor and
one usually well guarded by most
growers. He mentioned sanding.
$50 per year; spray ano dust, $100;
general $100; harvest, picking $70;
screening, $20; general, $10; real
estate taxes, $30 (these being per
acre figures) and interest at h'/i ,
$100, a total cost for the five acres
of $225.

"But", he said, "as a business
man you've charged yourself noth-
ing for your own money and there
should be a charge of at least
$195 ($6,500 at 3'/. ) or $325 ($6,500
at 59' ) which allows very little to
spare, and we've already left out
any possible income taxes."

But, he went on, you can prob-
ably earn by working for yourself,
doing sanding, general work, part
of the harvesting, etc., a total of
$975, which, if you pay nothing
on the mortgage, means you live on
the earned income from your bog
of $875, plus what you pay your-
self, or a total of $1,850.

"What is the catch, where is all
this cranberry money we hear
about? Well, you can raise more
berries than 35 bbls. per acre, or
you can raise them for less; less
money borrowed or less mainte-
nance, or you can have more
acres."

He concluded with: "These fig-
ures are general, very general, but
my feeling is to advise you to go
to work at regular wages, learn
the business thoroughly, wait until
the right bog or new property
comes up, then see what you can
do. And don't forget that you can
average less than 35 bbls. per acre
and don't forget wages and bog
values will fall after berry prices
decline."

"Joe" Kelley
The first things to consider in
selecting a good location for a
cranberry bog are good drainage
and ample water supply. You will
want at least 15 inches of drain-
age. If it is less than this your
vines are not likely to do well and
you probably will be troubled with
water seeds, such as inashes and cut
grass. There are bogs with poor
drainage that have been successful
with the use of automatic pumps.
However, these require a great deal
of care and overhead, especially
for small bogs. If you are not cer-
tain about the drainage I would
have levels taken by a surveyor
before you start building, as it is
s'imetimes very difficult to judge
the drainage. On some bogs it is
necessary to go quite a distance
before finding a drop in the levels
that would give you the necessary
( rainage, but with the use of
power shovels and bulldozers this
work is not nearly as difficult or
costly as it used to be.

A location with grass growing
abundantly, but without many trees
or bushes, indicates a possibility
of poor drainage.

Water Supply

The most satisfactory water sup-
ply is generally from a pond. If
you do not have a pond the next
best thing is to see if there is a
brook or stream i-unning through
the swamp which will give you op-
portunity for making a reservoir.

(Continued on Paj^e 25)

Issue of January. 1948 — Vol. 12. No. 9

Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham. Massachusetts. Subscription, $3.00 per year.
Entered «» second-class matter January 26. 1943, at the post-oflBce at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March S, 1879.

FRESH FROM THE FIELDS

By C J. H.

U. S. CRANBERRY CROP ESTIMATED

AS 8 PERCENT LESS THAN IN 1946

Following is the year-end U. S. Department of Agricoiltui-e report
of the cranberry crop of 1947, as released from New England Crop Re-
porting Service, Boston, C. D. Stevens, A. C. Hackendorf, statisticians:

For the United States cranberry production in 1947 was 784,700
barrels, 8 per cent less than the large 1946 crop of 857,100 barrels, but
23 per cent above the 10-year average production of 633,830 barrels.
For the country as a whole, only three crops of cranberries in more than
twenty years have exceeded the 1947 harvest. In addition to the 1946
crop, these include the production of 812,200 barrels in 1942, and 877,300
barrels in 1937. The Massachusetts crop is estimated at 485,000 barrels,
12 per cent below the crop of 553,000 barrels harvestea in 1946, but 14
per cent larger than the 10-year average production of 424,900 barrels.
Dry weather during late August and September limited growth. The
berries showed fair size and moderately good color. Shrinkage in screen-
ing was rather heavy and fall frost damage somewhat larger than usual.

In New Jersey the harvest was unusually complete, with "floaters"
being practically all harvested. The New Jersey crop amounted to
81,000 barrels, compared with 101,000 in 1946. Wisconsin had a record-
large crop of 155,000 barrels, exceeding the previous recorc. in 1946 by
10,000 barrels. Late growth, delayed harvest, and unusually favorable
September and October weather added to the crop size. The West Coast
States produced large crops this yeai- — Washington, 48,000 barrels com-
pared with 42,000 in 1946, and Oregon, 15,700 barrels compared with
16,100 barrels in 1946.

Fruit produced in the current season totals 4 per cent less than last
season's record, but 20 per cent above average. This total includes de-
ciduous fruits harvested in 1947 and citrus from the 1947 bloom, harvest
of which is under way and will continue until next fall. Deci.duous fruits
total 6 per cent less than the 1946 record, but 12 per cent above average.
Commercial apples are 6 per cent less than last year, but about average;
peaches 4 per cent less than last year's record, but 32 per cent above
average; pears set a new record; grapes are only 1 per cent less than
last year's record and 20 per cent above average. Plums and prunes are
15 per cent less than last year and 5 per cent less than average; apricots
41 per cent less than last year and 14 per cent less than average.
Oranges are forecast at 5 per cent less, grapefruit 5 per cent more, and
lemons 2 per cent more than in 1946-47.

CRANBERRIES
Production in Barrels

Average

States

1936-1945

1945*

1946

1947

Massachusetts

42490(1

478000

553000

485000

New Jersey

83.'500

49000

101000

81000

Wisconsin

97500

82000

145000

165000

Washington

24180

36400

42000

48000

Oregon

8750

11400

16100

15700

UNITED STATES

638830

656800

857100

784700

• Revised.

MASSACHUSETTS

The month of December brought
more snow than the past few years
and was about a degree and a half
(Boston reading) colder than the
normal. Before the end of the
month most bogs at least which
usually have winter flowage were
covered and there was snow cover-
ing on others. There was a con-
dition of snow ice on some bogs,
which were bringing in reports of
oxygen deficiency.

Pi-ecipitation for the month was
4.16", and snowfall in two storms
had totalled 6 inches. Coldest day
of the month was the 30th, with
State Bog reacing of 9 above, and
the maximum was 58 on the 17th,

WISCONSIN

As the year ended latest news
from Wisconsin from C. D. Ham-
mond, Jr., general manager of
Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Com-
pany, was that the crop was defi-
nitely 155,000 barrels, with the
possibility it might turn out even
a little higher. Figuring Midwest
Co-operative (NCA) as having 75,-
000 barrels and the Sales Company
also 75,000, and two independents
(Habelman, Frederick Barber)
having 4,500 and 4,000 respective-
ly, the total appears to be 158,500.

The first cranberry school of the
year is to start in Wisconsin Rap-
ids in January, with the date not
set as this was written. Vernon
Goldsworthy and C. D. Hammond
were to be in charge.

NEW JERSEY

Temperature for December
through the 24th averaged 35°
This is within a degree of normal.

(Continued on Page 25)

Five

Mass. Cranberry
Station and Field Notes

by J. RICHARD BEATTIE
Extension Cranberry Specialist

Many people not too well ac-
quainted with the cranberry indus-
try apparently believe that cran-
berry growers in general migrate
south along with the birds shortly
after harvest or as soon as the
first cold snap is experienced.
However, contrary to this mis-
taken notion, cranberry growers
are still busy during the winter
months, even though the pressure
is greatly reduced. This is the
time of year when growers take
account of stock, analyze the suc-
cess or failure of their past season,
review their spraying and dusting
schedules, repair equipment — and,
yes, attend cranberry meetings.
They have the opportunity at this
time of year to review their pro-
duction problems and make plans
for the coming season.

Speaking of production prob-
lems, you will be interested in the
important deliberations of your
cranberry delegates to the Mass.
Pi'oduction & Outlook Conference
held at the University of Massa-
chusetts in Amherst, December 2
and 3. Over 200 farmers, repre-
senting better than 60 agricultural
organizations, wei-e present. Ev-
ery agricultural commodity of any
size in the state was represented,
ranging from hogs to tobacco.
There were general sessions at
which all groups attended to hear
the outlook of agriculture in the
country as a whole and to discuss
their common problems. The vari-
ous commodity groups met separ-
ately and devoted considerable
time and thought to their partic-
ular production problems. (While
this was primarily a Production
Conference, marketing problems
will be discussed at a special con-
ference in February which will be
announced later). The writer
would like to express his appreci-
ation for the time and efforts so

generously given by the Massachu-
setts cranberry growers present at
this conference. Their names ap-
pear at the conclusion of the fol-
lowing report.

1948 Agricultural Production

Outlook Conference

University of Massachusetts

December 2 and 3, 1947

Report of the Cranberry Committee

Introduction

The Cranberry Committee takes
pleasure in presenting the follow-
ing cranberry report. This is the
first Production Conference at
which the cranberry industry in
Massachusetts has been represent-
ed. In order to better understand
the position of the cranberry in-
dustry in State's Agricultural pic-
ture, the committee brings to the
attention of the conference the
following facts.

Cranberries is the largest export
crop in the Commonwealth. The
gross receipts for the crop in 1946,
recognized as a bumper year, real-
ized $16,000,000. According to the
cranberry survey completed this
year, we have approximately 15,-
000 acres of cranberry bogs in the
state and raise approximately
three-quarters of the world's crop
on these acres.

It is the feeling of the commit-
tee that the prices received for our
crop are in line with the trends of
the time when judged from the
heavy cost of production. It
should be recognized that cran-
berries are grown in other areas
of the United States and that sim-
ilar trends in increased acreage is
anticipated in those areas. It is
further recognized that the total
increased acreage for the country
as a whole will affect the market-
ing problems. It is the opinion of
the committee that this problem
will be less acute because of a
splendid cooperation between all

cranberry-growing areas in the
country.

As to the next ten-year period, it
is the feeling of the committee
that with the substantial increase
in new bog aci'eage, together with
increased yields per acre which will
result from the experimental and
educational woi-k of the Cranberry
Experiment Station and the Exten-
sion Service, marketing problems
in the near future may become
more acute.

Future Prospects

We would like to call to the at-
tention of the conference that the
15,000 acres of bog in the state
represent a Q'/r increase over the
1934 survey of the industry. It is
interesting to note that from 1943
to 1947 only 519 acres of new or
rebuilt bogs were consti-ucted.
According to the recent cranberry
survey, 1800 acres of new bogs are
anticipated within the next three
years. This new acreage repre-
sents a further increase of 12%
in the acreage within the state.

With the new developments in
the industry, such as the dusting
and spraying by straight-winged
planes and helicoptei's, plus the
extensive use of heavy equipment
such as bulldozers, drag-lines and
power shovels, plus the results of
research and educational programs,
yielf s per acre will show a material
increase within the next few years.
At this point, the committee would
like to express their appreciation
for the outstanding work accom-
plished by the Cranberry Experi-
ment Station under the able direc-
tion of Dr. H. J. Franklin and the
Extension Sei'vice for their valu-
able contributions to the industry.

The acreage which is being de-
veloped by new growers currently
at high cost will be at a serious
handicap in the highly competitive
period ahead. It is recognized by
experienced cranberry growers
that the cost for new bog construc-
tion under present conditions
ranges from $3,000 to $4,000 per
acre, and that it requires four
years before a profitable crop can
be realized. There is also an addi-
tional cost of $500 to $1000 per
acre for maintenance purposes to
the time of the first hai'vest.

The committee recommends that
new growers within the industry

consider these costs carefully be-
fore new construction is under-
taken.

Problems and Recommendations
Insects

Root Grub. Forty-two per cent
of our present acreage in Massa-
chusetts is infested, ranging from
a light to a heavy infestation. This
condition has resulted from
shortage of materials and equip-
ment to combat this pest.

The committee recommends that
the Root Grub Campaign already
under way be continued and that
the Extension Service continue to
acquaint growers with proper con-
trol measures as a result of Ex-
periment Station recommendations.

False Blossom. It is recognized
that this disease is on the increase
within the state. This has result-
ed from the fact that materials
to combat the leafhopper which
transmits the disease to the plants
have been very tight during the
war years.

It is recommended that the Ex-
tension Service emphasize the need
of adequate control measures in
their educational meetings this
year.

Gypsy Moth. This particular in-
sect has long been a problem to
cranberry growers. We now have
an insecticide which is very effec-
tive in controlling this pest. At
the present time, the insect popu-
lation is reduced in numbers so
that an active campaign to erad-
icate this pest should be under-
taken.

The committee recommends that
the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers'
Association work closely with the
Greenfield Station and the Massa-
chusetts Department of Conserva-
tion in developing a program to
eradicate this pest. It is under-
stood that legislative measures
may be necessary.

Other Major Insect Pests. - Gird-
lers, fireworms, and fruitworms
are causing extensive damage an-
nually to our crop. It is recom-
mended that the educational pro-
gram should be carried out by the
Extension Service to acquaint
growers with proper control mea-
sures.

Wee:s. It is recognized that
weeds are a major problem within
the industry and that more educa-

tional information is necessary to
acquaint growers with proper con-
trol measures. Dr. Chester Cross
of the Cranberry Experiment Sta-
tion has developed practical control
measures, and it is recommended
that the Extension Service urge
growers to carefully follow these
instructions.

Diseases. The problem of fruit
rots and diseases that affect the
vines should be further studied.
Dr. H. F. Bergman of the U. S.
Department of Agriculture is a
leader in this field, and the com-
mittee recommends that his work
be continued at the Cranberry Ex-
periment Station.

Proper Use of Fertilizers. We

have lacked information on the
proper use of fertilizers for many
years. The matter of timing and
amounts to use are now being
worked out by Dr. Frederick
Chandler of the Cranberry Experi-
ment Station. The committee rec-
ommends that this work be contin-
ued.

Quality Berries. There has been
the tendency to secure as high
yields as possible under the favor-
able marketing conditions during
the past few years at the expense
of quality. The value of quality
fruit is recognized, and it is the
recommendation of the committee
that an educational program be con-
ducted to impress growers with
the importance of raising quality
fruit. The Extension Service is
the logical agency to carry on this
work.

Better Utilization of Key Work-
ers on a Year-round Basis. The

very nature of cranberry growing
is seasonal. Many growers realize
that it would be to their advantage
to maintain certain key workers on
a twelve months' basis. The large
percentage of the timberlands in
the cranberry area are owned by
cranberry growers. The commit-
tee recommends that further study
be given this problem and sug-
gests that there might be the pos-
sibility of developing a forest-
products or a wood-preserving en-
terprise which would utilize a por-
tion of this seasonal help curing
the winter months. It is believed
that the Extension Service, through
the Extension Cranberry Specialist

and the Extension Forester, could
give this further study.

Respectfully submitted,
J. Richard Beattie, Secretary.

Acting Chairman: Howard Kil-
ler, Trustee Plymouth County Ex-
tension Service; Technical Adviser:
C. D. Stevens, Statistician; Stan-
ley Benson, Secretary-Treasurer
South Shore Cranberry Club; Or-
rin Colley, President South Shore
Cranberry Club; Edward Barthol-
omew, 2d Vice President Cape Cod
Cranberry Growers' Association;
Joseph Kelley, Cranberry Experi-
ment Station; George Short, Past
President of Cranberry Club & As-
sociation.

The following growers were in-
vited to attend, but were unable to
be present at this conference.

Russell Makepeace, Pres. Cape
Cod Cranberry Growers' Assoc;
Ellis Atwood, Trustee Plymouth
County Extension Service; Gilbert
Beaton, Sec.-Treas. Southeastern
Cranberry Club; Frederick A. El-
dridge, Jr., Pres. Lower Cape Cran-
berry Club; Nahum Morse, Pres.
Southeastern Cranberry Club; John
Shields, Pres. Upper Cape Cran-
berry Club; Ferris Waite, Cran-
berry Trading Post.

BULLETIN

Special warning was sent out in
early January by Cranberry Spec-
ialist Beattie to Massachusetts
growers to be on guard against
oxygen deficiency in the bogs. Ac-
cording to Dr. Bergman, winter
conditions which had prevailed in
late December and at the start of
January had been such that the
oxygen content under winter flood
on" many bogs had become danger-
ously low. Growers were urged to
check the content carefully to learn
whether or not their propei-ty was
reaching the danger point, which
is 4cc per liter.

If the content was low grovvers
were urged it was well to consider
drawing off the water immediately,
if there werp facilities for reflow.'

Dr. F. B. Chandler of the Experi-
ment Station has stated that the
snow-ice and cloudy skies were
rapidly reducing the oxygen eon-
tent on many bogs. He said some
had gone below the three, two and
even one point of content. The sun
meter at the station showed the
amount of sunshine at that time
was only about one-quarter of nor-
mal for" that time of year, and in
fact the readings were scarcely,
more than for night.

Seven

Younger Cape Cod Grower Is Sure

Of Future In Bringing Back Old Bogs

He is G. Everett Howes, Descendant of Henry Hall, Who
Pioneered Cultivation — Feels Cape Prospects Still
Bright if Owners Will Onlj' Put Time and Money in the
Properties^ — Has Just Been Made Chairman of Soil Con-
servation District in Barnstable County.

By CLARENCE J. HALL
G. Everett Howes of Dennis, younger generation grower, is buying
and rebuilding old Cape Cod bogs. It is his ambition and intent to con-
tinue along this path. He wants to be a "Cape Cod cranberry grower",
eventually owning as much acreage as he can get, or as seems practical.
As a matter of actual fact, if he or anybody else expect to increase their
Barnstable County acreage this will almost necessarily have to be done
with "old" bog. It has now come about, as is rather well known, that
virgin cranberry land on Cape Cod itself practically just isn't.

No one could have come more logically to the desire to be a Cape Cod
cranberry grower than Howes. His surname is one of the very oldest on
Cape Cod. His forbears on both sides have been cranberry growers.
Henry Hall, who is generally recognized as pioneering the cranberry
industry at Dennis, is a fourth great-grandfather of Everett on the ma-
ternal side. One of the Howes bogs adjoins, the now run-down bog which
Henry Hall built as the original cranberry property, somewhere around
1816 or before.

Everett is the son of I. Grafton
Howes, widely-known and respected
Dennis grower and a former mem-
ber of the Massachusetts House of
Representatives. Born in 1912,
Everett spent two years at the Uni-
versity of Maine, and then was
graduated from Wentworth Insti-
tute, Boston, having taken up ar-
chitectural construction. He spent
a couple of years in Boston, decided
he didn't like office work, the call
of the Cape was strong, and he
came back and went into the cran-
berry business in 19.37. His first
properties were the "Gould bog" in
Orleans and the Wi.xon bog in
West Dennis, which he has since
disposed of.

Recently the Howes' cranberry
interests, father's and son's, some
30-35 acres of small bogs, scattered
in Dennis, Harwich and Yarmouth,
have been consolidated. This own-
ership is, of course, not large acre-
age as many acreageships go, but
Howes says, and not in boasting
fashion, that he is in the market
for more Cape bog whenever he
can get hold of the kind of Cape
Cod bog he wants.

He is not at all discouraged with
the prospects of cranberry growing
on the Cane, as his activities and
ambition prove. This is in spite of
some decline in Cape acreage and

in crops which have definitely not
been on the up and up for the past
few years.

"Good Opportunity" on the Cape

Quite on the contrary, he says:
"There is ju^'t as much good bog
and opportunity on Cape Cod as
anywhere else. But you can't con-
stantly keep taking money out of
a bog and not ploughing some of
it back. That's really what too
many have done on the Cape — year
after year. Such bogs as these
are run down and declining in pro-
duction. How can they be anything
else?" He is willing to admit the
Cape may have a minor drawback
in the fact that frequent fogs cut
down the total number of sunshine
hours. But he is convinced a main
reason for the Cape's decline is
probably in the ownership of too
many of such Cape bogs.

A matter upon which young
Howes feels rather strongly is that
there is altogether too much Cape
acreage with which the owners will
do little to keep in normally good
bearing condition, let alone im-
prove. "It's a downright shame
for so many Cape bogs to be let run
(Own as they now are and nothing
done for betterment." He is weli
aware of an ascribed tendency that
about all some owners seem to care

for their bogs is to pick otf what
berries happen to reach maturity
each fall, and otherwise to give
scarcely a thought to the proper-
ties.

In the very nature of events, he
says, the crops keep getting less
and less and the boof gets more and
more run down until finally it is so
far gone as to be completely worth-
less as a productive piece of prop-
erty. Cape Cod cranberry growing
is the oldest cranberry growing in
the world, and some bogs have been
"handed down" through several
generations until they are now
owned by individuals who are real-
ly not cranberry growers at heart.
"This lack of interest in their bogs
on the part cf too many has been
a too important factor in the Cape's
going down in cranberry growing",
Howes believes.

Howes' Properties "Old", but
Production Increasing

None of the Howes properties
are less than 50 years old and they
run up towards 70 or more. But
Everett has very positive plans to
keep them at least as productive as
they are now, and to steadily im-
prove the cropping. Asked if he
has been able to make any prog-
ress in renovation and production,
he says, "Absolutely, yes." His
production shows an upward trend.

This being 1948, with the value
of modern equipment well recog-
nized in cranberry work, and Ever-
ett being a modernly-tralned and
progressive young man, he makes
intensive use of modern machinery
and modern methods in the renova-
tion of the family bogs. He does
this as a matter of course. He
himself owns one bulldozer tractor,
a Caterpillar D2, a Gravely garden
tractor, a Jari power scythe, and
has the use of a Cletrac Model HG.
This tractor is very light weight
and able to travel and work on
very, very soft bottom. He not
only does his own bog building but
hires out his services to others.
It is all in keeping with his ambi-
tion to bring back these old Cape
Cod bogs. Some of his bogs he
scalps. On others he believes that
scalping is not the proper method.

When he replants he puts in
Early Blacks, which now seems to
be a well-established modern-day
practice in Massachusetts.

Eight

Is Sold on Sprinklers

He is absolutely "sold" on the
idea of sprinklers for the dry bogs
of the Cape, of which there are so
many. "Sprinklers can do much to
bring back these old, dry bogs", he
declares. He has none of his ov;n
at the moment, but has plans for
putting in sprinkler systems on tho
two of the Howes acreages which
are now dry bogs. Sprinklers, he
is certain, will become very use-
ful on dry bogs of the Cape for ir-
rigation curing the heat of the
summer and equally valuable for
frost protection, particularly spring
frosts.

He is considering driving w(>lls
to obtain water at one bog, and for
another plan he is contemplating
tapping the Dennis water system,
although he will need a booster
pump to obtain sufficient pressure
for the sprinklers.

Conservation Chairman

Howes has just been appointed
chairman of the newly-formed Soil
Conservation District Committee of
Barnstable County, with Joseph
Putnam of Orleans (retired county
agent and blueberry grower) as its
vice president, and "Bert" Tomlin-
son, county agent, secretary.

When this system was set up at
a recent meeting, Mr. Tomlinson
explained it was the opinion of
most of the people interested in the
project that the Service had per-
haps a better chance in Barnstable
County for providing a needed ser-
vice in connection with conserva-
tion practices on cranberry bogs
than with upland farms because
there is very little hillside farming
which requires attention. On the
other hand there are many loca-
tions where better water control is
desirable. The words "water con-
trol" were used advisedly, because
this includes both drainage and ir-
rigation. Many of the Cape bogs
are improperly drained, and Tom-
linson is certain this is one of the
major causes in building up a weed
control program in Barnstable
County. This Service, with Howes
as chairman, should be of especial
value to the cranberry growers of
Cape Cod.

One of the first group problems
presented to the Soil Conservation
District was that of providing
proper drainage of bogs in the so-

called Mill pond area located in the
town of Yarmouth. This pond, in-
cidentally, has also been known as
Gun Rock pond and the Weirs to
older growers. The project com-
prises a drainage area of approx-
imately 200 acres and effects half
a dozen or more cranberry owners.
The engineering survey has been
completed and preliminary plans
call for joint voluntary action by
the land owners. When this joint
action is assured, the engineering
survey will be completed, giving
details of the improvements to be
installed in connection with the
Soil Conservation Service. Mr.
Tomlinson is hoping the necessary
cooperation can be obtained so that
there can be a piactical demon-
stration as to what benefits may be
derived when technical skills and
factual information are joined.

Another type of service avail-
able on an individual basis by the
Service of which Howes is chair-
man, involves surveying bog prop-
erty to determine pi'oper grade
levels to provide adequate drainage.
This type of work is to be handled
through a simple signed agreement
between the District and the cran-
berry grower.

The Mill pond in Yarmouth,
Howes says, has come in recent
years to contain salt water rather
than fresh, although Everett's
father can remember when horses
drank fresh water from an outlet
stream.

Both Howes and his father own
pieces of bog adjacent, one being
of three acres and the other of
four, these being a part of about
60 acres of bog which surround the
pond, and which Howes explains
should be able to use water from
this source if it was fresh as it
formerly was. Howes belioves that
silt gathering in the Bass River,
to which the outlets run, has
blocked and backed up the streams
and that the hurricanes of 1938
and 1944 have contributed to make
this body of water no longer suit-
able for cranberry purposes.

Mill Pond is a body of water of
15 or 20 acres, but about 25 feet
deep, fed by springs in the bottom
of the pond itself and adjoining.
Some of the very earliest bogs on
the Cape were built about its
shores. As part of the conserva-

tion program Howes believes that
if this particular pond, with its
never-failing water supply, can be
freshened, and with water table
lowered, it could be made a factor
which would help to bring up pro-
duction in this particular area.
This would apply not only to the
present bogs along its margins
but to others which have now gone
completely out of bearing. These
currently worthless propertfes
could be revived.

Old Bogs Must Be Renewed

This emphasis of Howes upon
restoring old bogs could very pos-
sibly be misconstrued by growers
of Plymouth County, Wisconsin, or
other areas where there is consid-
erable virgin cranberry land avail-
able. But it might bear repeating
that the true situation on Cape Cod,
the birthplace of cranberry grow-
ing, is there is almost no new land
on which to build cranberry bog.
Therefore any improvement in the
Cape's cranberry status must come
chiefly from improvement of the
present acreage. This has to be
through better soil conservation
practices, the rebuilding of worn-
out bogs, the use of sprinkler sys-
tems— in short, the willingness to
put work, money and care into these
old bogs that they may bear well
again.

Cranberry growing when the
maritime activities of Cape Cod
went to pot with the coming of
steam ships and the dull years af-
ter the Civil War was the salva-
tion of the industrial Cape. Cran-
berries and Cape Cod have ever
since been all but synonymous. If
the Cape is to continue its place in
the cranberry sun, the ambition,
energy and willingness to restore
the "old" bogs of Cape Cod, as
Howes and some others are striv-
ing to be, will be a major factor.

Howes is recognized as one of
the more forceful and serious of
the younger gi-owers. During the
war years of 1943-45 he was presi-
dent of the Lower Cape Cranberry
Club. He recalls the difficulties of
trying to conduct meetings under
the conditions of gas rationing and
particularly of arranging of food
for the suppers which were serven
to the members. He has continued
to remain active in Cape cranberry
affairs.

Nine

(^ditMals

ISSUE OF JANUARY, 1948
Vol. 12 No. 9

^^^V0H»tCMi.8O«r,H6^"'

THE INDUSTRY PROGRESSES

THE year just ended has undoubtedly
seen the cranberry industry farther
along the road in utilization of modern
methods and equipment than ever before.
For one thing aircraft has definitely become
a factor in cranberry growing. Who would
have accepted that as a fact a decade ago?

The helicopter made its bow this past
summer in Massachusetts cranberry work.
The using of helicopters was probably the
greatest advance of the year. These ma-
chines created tremendous interest among
the growers. They did a good job in insect
control, even though their use in cranberry
work has not yet been completely perfect-
ed. The small fixed-wing plane has be-
come an adjunct in insect control, also.

To get down out of the air and to earth
— the Western Picker was tested on East-
ern bogs for the first time. Success
achieved was not 100 per cent, but prog-
ress is being made toward a cranberry
picker. There seems little doubt that
eventually the crop will be mechanically
harvested.

Then there were the developments in
the business of gathering floaters. In ad-
dition to the Sempos boat put into oper-
ation for the first time the year before,
there were the two airplane motored and
propelled boats placed in use by George
R. Briggs and United Cape Cod Cranberry
Company. The recovery of otherwise
wasted bottom berries has currently be-
come a facet of cranberry harvesting.
There was progress in water control — in
prefabricated flumes and modern engineer-
ing. Sprinkler systems have a part in the
plans of the cranberry grower. The use
of modern mechanical equipment contin-
ues to increase. New insecticides, such as
DDT, are in the picture.

Cranberry growing has become more
complicated than it was in the days of the
pioneers or even than it was just a few
years ago. It has at the same time, we be-
lieve, become more efficient.

All this seems bound to add up to big-
ger crops in the immediate future. The
industry, in order to continue to prosper,
will have to sell more cranberries.

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM. MASSACHUSETTS

RIVALRY MAY BE GOOD

ANOTHER year has gone by with two
major cooperatives serving the grow-
ers— and competing for their berries. Is

Subscription $3.00 per year
Advertising rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS
Wisconsin

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington— Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY
Cranberry Specialist
Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK
Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts t

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN j

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station 1
East Wareham, Mass.
BERTRAM TOMLINSON
Barnstable County Agricultural Agent (

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station

Pemberton, New Jersey

NEW YORK ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVE

THE MACFARLAND COMPANY
289 Fourth Avenue Gra. 6-2380

the situation healthv, or isn't it? Possibly
it is. We apparently have an expanding
industry. Rivalry, if conducted in the right
spirit, can be a spur to best effort. Grow-
ers are getting service from their respect-
ive co-ops and also from independent out-
lets as never before. Both the co-ops are
disposing of fresh and processed fruit.
The fresh fruit staged a "comeback" this
past season. But with one co-op primarily
a fresh fruit organization, or at least in the
past, and the other processed, at least in
the past, we feel we have detected an in-
clination to depreciate the fresh market on
one side and the processed on the other.
This shouldn't be. As has been so often
said, the industry needs both methods of
marketing.

Pictorial Section

(Coos Bay Times, Oregon, Photo)

The photo above (delayed too late for last month's issue)
shows the coronation of Oregon's first cranberry queen. Miss
Ruth Kreutzer of Langlois. The colorful ceremony touched
off the perpetuation of an annual event in the productive

growing area by the arm of the sea in Southeastern Oregon.
The queen was crowned by Mayor Rudy Backlund of Ban-
don, shown at left, and looking over the proceedings is the
master of ceremonies, "Art" Dabney.

Eleven

SANTA CLAUS DIDN'T FORGET THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY

Ellis D. Atwood waves a ;rreeline from thi-

Snnta Claus train.

(CRANBERRIES Photo)

25,000 Ride at
Edaville Over
Yuletide

The first of the old-style pre-
war Christmas-New Year's dis-
plays by Mr. and Mrs. Ellis D. At-
wood was held at the South Carver
(Mass.) bog, this observance being
built around the Edaville R. R.
Starting Sunday, December 14th,
the Christmas train made daily
trips in the late aftei-noon and
early evening until after New
Year.

Some 25,000 traveled over the
5.42 miles of narrow-gauge track
in long trains which wound along
the snowy bogs and through the
snow-covered trees. A fulling
moon added to the beauty of the
ride, and as the roof of each car

was covei'ed with Christmas and
flood lights, the train mace a bril-
liant spectacle. Along the way were
huge, lighted Christmas trees and
displays "of reindeer cutouts, a ho-
bo sitting on a stump, another on
a flat car on a spur siding. These
were picked out by the floodlights.
More than 6,000 lights in all
were used around the screenhouse,
station, and other buildings. Ap-
proach to this fairyland was
through a huge "Merry Christmas"
arch. The warm station, brightly-
lighted, with its lunch bar, was the
center of interest.

Host Atwood, with Mrs. Atwood,
v/ere on hand to welcome visitors,
Mr. Atwood making one appear-
ance dressed as Santa. Christmas
music from loud speakers was
heard continuously. At midnight
on New Year's eve the train made
a special trip.

'Copter Carries
Santa to Three
Mass. Towns

Santa Claus arrived by heli-
copter at three towns in Massachu-
setts this year through the cour-
tesy of National Cranberry Assoc-
iation. One was the annual Christ-
mas party given by M. L. Urann
for all children in the first and
second grades and under in Han-
son, Halifax ano Pembroke, at the
NCA Hanson plant.

Chief Pilot Fred W. Soule cir-
cled the ship over the plant and
made a slow landing, and as he did
this the children could see Santa
in his bright red suit, sitting in the
open cockpit. Some 500 children
enjoyed this party, which began
with music by the Hanson Boy

I

Scout Band, and there were several
short movies. Gifts were distrib-
uted and refreshments served.

Mr. Urann greeted the children
as they arrived, and helped Santa
distribute the gifts. Employees of
the Association served as hostesses.

The other two parties to which
"Slim" Soule piloted Santa were
at Falmouth and at Taunton.

(N. C. A. Photo)

Pilot "Slim" Soule
and Santa (Sherman
L. Whipple 3rd.) Arrive
at Ocean Spray, Hanson

Thirteen

(CRANBERRIES Photo)

Ellis D. Atwood as Santa Ciaus invites a rather awe-strickcn, but eager littlu passeni^er to a ride
on the Chris tmaK Train.

Fourte

Helicopter Delivers Magazine

The Ocean Spray helicopter was used to deliver copies of the Saturday Evening Post containing a feature on the
Massachusetts Cranberry industry, to Alton H. Worrall, chairman of the Board of Selectmen. At the left. Sharon
Casey, 1947 Cranberry Queen, is seen arriving in Wareham w.th Pilot Fred Soule, to make the presentation to Mr. Wor-
rall. which is shown at the right. (CRANBERRIES Photo)

Cape Cod cranberry queen, Shar-
on Casey, made three flights in the
"Ocean Sprayer" helicopter, deliv-
ering autographed copies of a
cranberry picture story in the
Saturday Evening Post to town and
city officials December 30 and 31.
To the oflicials she also presented
Christmas gifts of Ocean Spray
cranberry products.

The first flight, on the morning
of the 30th, was from the Ocean
Spray plant at Onset to Wareham,
where she presented the auto-
graphed magazine to the chairman
of Selectmen, Alton H. Worrall.
The lancing was made at a small
park just below the Narrows
bridge. A considerable crowd had
gathered to witness the event. It
was a bitterly cold day, and this
was the first time Miss Casey, who
is 17 and a senior at Wareham
High school, had been in a 'copter.
She enjoyed the flight, but was
forced to admit it was a rather

frigid experience, sitting in the
open cockpit of the machine, which
was piloted by "Slim" Soule, chief
pilot for NCA.

Later in the day she was flown
to New Bedford, where she was
landed at Marine Park and met by
Mayor Harriman, who received the
autographed copy and the gifts.
M. L. Urann and Miss Stillman of
NCA were present at the ceremony
and Mayor Harriman presented the
symbolic key to the city to Mr.
Urann.

The following day the queen was
flown to Boston, landing at the
Logan International Airport, where
she made the presentation of the
Post and a scoopful of cranberry
products to the lieutenant governor
of the state.

The Post edition, dated January
3, had a two-page spread entitled
"Cranberry Harvest", with full
color photographs by Art Griffiru

Fifteen

Jean Nash Heads
Wisconsin Cran-
berry Sales Co.

She Is First Woman to Lead
A Co-operative in the In-
dustry

Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. — Miss
Jean Nash of Wisconsin Rapids,
the daughter of the late Mr. and
Mrs. Guy Nash, who operates the
Biron Cranberry Company, estab-
lished by her father, has been elect-
ed president of Wisconsin Cran-
berry Sales Company. She is the
first woman ever to hold this office,
and is the first of her sex to head
a cranberry cooperative in the
country. She succeeds William F.
Huffman, who has been nominated
for a one-year term on the board
of directors of the American Cran-
berry Exchange.

Last year Miss Nash was elected
a director of Wisconsin Cranberry
Sales Company, which was also a
first.

Other officers chosen at the meet-
ing of the Elks club were: vice
president,, Vernon Goldsworthy; C.
D. Hammond, Jr., secretary and
treasurer.

The officers were elected by the
Board of Directors after the fol-
lowing had been named to that
board by the c-ompany members:
Dan Resin, Warrens; Keith Bennett,
Mather; Tony Jonjak, Hayward;
Newell Jasperson, Cranmoor; Rich-

ard S. Brazeau, Wisconsin Rapids,
Miss Nash and Goldsworthy.

Those nominated for one-year
terms on the Exchange directorship
besides Mr. Huffman were: Harold
DeLong and Craige Scott, both of
Mather, and Bernard C. Brazeau.

By a unanimous vote, Guy O. Bab-
cock of Wisconsin Rapids was
elected to the position of director
emeritus with life-time tenure.
The tenure of the members creat-
ing this position was for his faith-
ful service during many years as
a director and former treasurer of
the co-operative. The resolution
raising Mr. Babcock to this honor-
ary position highly praised his
work and interest for so long for
the benefit of the Company and of
the parent affiliate, ACE.

A notable change this year was
in making all the terms for direc-
tors one year, rather than for
three, two and one year terms, as
has been the custom for many
years. This re-established the
original practice of single year
terms.

Heard at the meeting- was C. M.
Chaney, general manager of ACE,
and executive vice president. He
said all berries of Wisconsin han-
dled through ACE had been dis-
posed of at satisfactory prices and
there was a continuing demano
which could not be met. The sea-
son of '47, he continued, had dif-
fered considerably from other
years because of the uncertainty
of marketing conditions in the

early weeks of the selling season
This had been due in large part
he declared, to the unseasonablj
warm weather which prevailed in
to early November. However, h(
said that when the selling seasor
got under way with the change ir
the weather to normal cold, th<
Wisconsin crop was disposed of ir
a shorter time than ever before.

Lester Haines, assistant sale;
manager of ACE, reported brieflj
on the season's activities, and thi
Sales Company's annual reports o:
operations were given by Huffmai
and Hammond.

With business disposed of, a
6.30 a turkey supper was serve:
at the Golden Gate, and despiti
inclement weather this was one o
the largest assemblies in the his
tory of the Co-op. Door prizes an(
gifts of Stokely Foods, Inc., weri
awarded. B. C. Brazeau was toast
master. Guests introduced includ
ed Jack O'Brien and Willian
Staire, representing Stokely; E. L
Chambers, Madison, state ento
mologist; L. F. Garrett of Garrett
Holmes & Company, Kansas City
one of the largest distributors o
Eatmor cranberries throughout th<
Southwest. Garrett spoke briefly
upon the fine relationship betweer
his company and ACE.

A testimonial gift was presentee
to Past President Huffman by Mis5
Nash in appreciation by the mem-
bers in the energy and active in-
terest he had devoted to the co-
op's affairs during the year and e

We Have On Hand-

A fairly reasonable supply of wheelbarrows
for winter and spring sanding.

Prepare for Spring Work, Pumps and Dusters

NOW IS THE TIME to place orders for scoops,
snap machines and rakes. We are manufacturing
them.

HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO.

E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM, MASS.

Sixteen

lalf he served as its active head.

A floor show followed and gen-
ral dancing.

Leo Sorenson, manager of Mid-
irest Cranberry Co-op, spoke on
ypes of fertilizer being used on
he cranberry marshes and meth-
ds of obtaining more effective
esults.

C. D. Hammond, Jr., manager of
Visconsin Cranberry Sales, dis-
iussed the need for better dissem-
natlon of weather information to
ranberry growers.

Midwest Co-op
iolds Annual
^all Meeting

*Iembers Hear Reports To

Have New Headquarters
in February

(Special to CRANBERRIES)
Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. — The
[idwest Cranberry Association held
ts fall meeting at the Elks Club
ere Wednesday afternoon, Dec.
0, with approximately 75 members
nd guests in attendance. Prin-
ipal speaker was Marcus Urann,
lanson, Mass., president of the
Jational Cranberry Association,
ilso representing the national or-
ranization on the program were
ttiss Ellen Stillman, director of
dvertising, Gorcon Mann, eastern
ales representative, and M. S. An-
erson, western sales representa-
ive.

Urann declared the 1947 national
rop of cranberries to be 700,000
arrels, or about 56,000 barrels less
han the United States Department
f Agriculture estimates, the speak-
r explaining the difference as be-
ig caused by shrinkage in the
warehouses of growers.

Predicts Expansion

Of the 700,000 barrels, Urann
aid the National Cranberry Asso-
iation received 380,000 barrels,
epresenting 54 7r of the national
rop — an increase of 2GVc over
946. He predicted that it would
e "only a few years" before the
Jational Cranberry Association
will handle 757r of the total crop,
?hich will give the growers com-
plete control over the sales of the
nation's crop."

Plans are being made by the
National company to sell one-half
of its berries fresh and one-half
canned in 1948, Urann reported,
adding that half of the fresh ber-
ries are to be shipped in cellophane
bags. Plans are now under way to
install two packaging machines in
the new building to be erected on
property of the Midwest Co-oper-
ative on Twelfth Avenue.

Reports on Advertising

Miss Stillman told the members
of the advertising campaign carried
on by the National Association, re-
porting that $200,000 has been in-
vested in magazine and newspaper
advertising. She saic. a plan for
promoting the sale of ci'anben-ies
at meat counters in conjunction
with the sale of fowl has met with
considerable success.

Reporting on sales, Mann and
Anderson recounted their experi-
ences in selling canned and fresh
berries, and said that before the
end of the year they expect to dis-
pose of a total of 60,000 barrels of
fresh berries.

H. F. Bain, Wisconsin Rapids
Cranberry Specialist, gave a very
detailed and interesting report on
shrinkage tests he conducted this
fall. He expects to continue this
work again next year.

Leo Sorensen, manager of the
Midwest Association, reported that
the members delivered to the N.
C. A. 75,000 bbls. of an estimated
150,000 barrel Wisconsin crop. He
further reported that the new Mid-
west office under construction here
would be ready for occupancy by
February. A 50 per cent increase
in membership during the past
year, with 45 growers now mem-
bers of the association, and a 25
per cent increase over last year's
Midwest crop were also cited by
the manager.

A report was presented at the
afternoon business meeting by Ed-
ward Bieleniski of the University
of Wisconsin apiary department,
concerning a proposed plan for a
cranberry-beekeeping project.

Approximately 130 members and
guests gathered at the Elks club
for a dinner in the evening, at
which Urann again was the prin-
cipal speaker, the after-dinner pro-
gram being followed by a social
hour.

75 in Attendance
At Annual Meeting
of Wise. Growers

Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin — At
the annual meeting of Wisconsin
Cranberry Growers' Association a
group of nearly 75 heard five
speakers discuss various problems
facing the industry of Wisconsin
and the means that are being uti-
lized to solve these problems. They
elected G. A. Getzin to succeed
Henry F. Duckart as president;
Robert Gottschalk, vice president;
and L. A. Sorenson, secretary-
treasurer. The new office holders
are all of Wisconsin Rapids.

Prof. H. R. Roberts of the Uni-
versity of Wisconsin, College of
Agriculture, explained some lately-
developed methods of weed control.
These were the results obtained
during the past growing season
and he told of even more complete
control in the future.

Of particular interest was a
warning by State Entomologist E.
L. Chambers that another hot, dry
summer will bring a serious threat
from grass-hoppers. He pointed
out this menace has been building
up for the past two or three sum-
mers and that growers must ex-
pect trouble next summer if pres-
ent weather forecasts hold true.
He traced the development of in-
secticides from Paris Green to
DDT and described the efforts by
the state and federal governments
to control crop damage caused by
insects.

Henry F. Bain discussed re-
search and experiments he is con-
ducting for the three Wisconsin
growers whom he represents, in
an effort to control and eliminate
certain diseases affecting cranberry

Keith Work Resigns
As Assistant to
NCA Pres. Urann

H. Keith Work, who for nearly
two years has held the post of
assistant to M. L. Urann, presi-
dent of National Cranberry Associ-
ation, has resigned to return to his
native California. No plans for his
successor have been announced.

S«vente«n

American Cranberry
Growers' Assn. fo
Meet January 31

Executive Committee of New
Jersey Group Lays Emph-
asis on Plan to Encourage
Expansion of Government
Cranberry Research.

The A. C. G. A. Executive Com-
mittee met at the Cranberry and
Blueberry Laboratory on December
15 to draw up plans for the Annual
Meeting on January 31, 1948, ana
to act on any other necessary busi-
ness. As is the custom, the Annual
Meeting will be held in Camden at
the Walt Whitman Hotel, starting
at 10.30 a. m.

The Executive Committee laid
emphasis on the movement just
started by the Long Beach Cran-
berry Club of Washington to en-
courage expansion of cranberry
research by the United States De-
partment of Agriculture. At pres-
ent the entire load must be carried
by Dr. Bergman and Mr. Wilcox.
The Long Beach growers feel that
the Department's cranberry breed-
ing project should be continued,
rather than dropped for a while.

Speaking for the American Cran-
berry Growers' Association, the
Executive Committee heartily en-

dorses this feeling. A subcommit-
tee to coordinate effort was ap-
pointed, consisting of D. M. Crabbe,
chairman; Enoch F. Bills, Theocore
H. Budd, Sr., F. A. Scammell and
James D. Holman. This committee
will meet January 3 to make suit-
able plans. Mr. Budd assured the
committee of full support from the
American Cranberry Exchange.
Mr. Bills stated that the National
Cranberry Association will be glad
to support such a project.

Blueberry "Open
House" Held in
New Jersey

More Than 100 Attend An-
nual Event at Pcmberton.

The 16th Annual Blueberry Open
House of the N. J. Cranberry and
Blueberry Research Laboratory
was held on December 20th at Pem-
berton with Charles A. Doehlert as
chairman. Over 100 blueberry
growers and other persons inter-
ested in blueberry culture attended.

William E. Tomlinson, Jr., of the
Cranberry and Blueberry Labor-
atory opened the meeting with a
talk on a proposed spray experi-
ment to control all possible stunt

Portable Overhead Irrigation

and

Frost Control

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AS LAID, making a COMPLETE RIGID SYSTEM.

NO CREEP. NO LATCHES. NO HOOKS.

Design and Blueprints for your particular bog furnished
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TEL. PUTNAM (CONN.) 1768-3

LUNDQUIST CO., Inc.

WEST WOODSTOCK. CONN.

disease carriers in certain blueberry
fields to see if stunt can be con-
trolled in that manner, even
though the actual vector is not as
yet known.

Philip E. Marucci, also of the
Cranberry and Blueberry Labor-
atory, gave the results of leafhop-
per trapping in New Jersey, North
Carolina, Massachusetts and Mich-
igan during 1947, and the possible
bearing of these catches on the
spread of stunt in these different
areas.

William H. Boyd of the N. J.
Department of Agriculture sum-
marized the results of blueberry in-
spections for certification of free-
dom from stunt disease in 1945,
1946 and 1947. In 12 fields that
have been inspected each of these
three years it is gratifying to note
that there has been a reduction of
f tunt in 7 fields in both 1946 and
1947, with only 2 showing an in-
crease in 1947.

Mr. Frank Scraci, also of the N.
J. Department of Agriculture, in-
formed the growers of the revis-
ions in the Stunt Inspection re-
(.uirements for 1948.

Philip E. Marucci brought the
growers up to date on past work
and results with transmission
tests for possible carriers of stunt
disease, as well as summarizing
this year's tests and methods em-
ployed.

Dr. Firman E. Bear of the N. J.
Agricultural Experiment Station
discussed fertility problems in
sancy soils and their relation to
blueberry culture in New Jersey.

Dr. J. Harold Clarke of Cranguy-
ma Farms, Washington, gave an in-
teresting resume of present blue-
berry-growing operations on the j
West Coast from California to j
British Columbia, with comments
on the future possibilities of this
area as blueberry producers. !

William E. Tomlinson, Jr., gave |
a summary of 1947 insect pest con- ]
ditions in New Jersey, along with
results at controlling the blueberry
fruit fly or maggot with reduced
rotenone content dusts.

Charles A. Doehlert closed the
meeting with a discussion of the i
1948 Extension Program for the
blueberry industry. !

Eighteen

l,OTig Beach Club
iolds Second
Anniversary

\.\ Sundberg Elected Presi-
dent— G ame Warden
Gives Talk on Damage
Being Done by Deer and
Beaver.

Mr. Hoggatt, game \warden for
Pacific County, was present and
gave a short talk on damage being
done by deer and beaver to the
cranberry bogs. He informed the
cranberry people that if deer were
damaging their berries, they could

get a permit to shoot the deer. He
also told the growers that a beaver
trapper would be here soon.

After the business meeting a
party was held in honor of the
club's birthday. About seventy
people attended and wore paper

Long Beach, Washington — The
egular meeting of the Long Beach
'eninsula Cranberry Club was held
'riday evening, December 12th.
'his was the second anniversary
f the club, only necessary busi-
ess being transacted.

Election of officers for 1948 was
n the schedule and the following
fficers were unanimously elected:
■resident, Al Sundberg; vice pres-
ient, Elwell Chabot; secretary,
[rs. W. H. Morton; treasurer,
[rs. Don Tilden. These new of-
cers will take their chairs at the
anuary meeting.

Mrs. Funke, president of the
lub, announced that the club now
ad a membership of 37 families,
epresentatives from about ten
imilies organized the club two
ears ago.

THOMAS BROTHERS
General Contractors

MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

Tel. Middleboro 772

Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells
Transit Mix Concrete

Complete Line of Construction Equipment
Excavating - Grading - Hauling

Leave the Tough Jobs for Us
Our Experience is Your Guarantee

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XTter xA.« -Lie 1^

age

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 740

"KEEP SMILING"

Peter A. LeSage

*^ YARMOUTH

Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries Tei. Barnstable i07

Nineteen

caps, blue for the boys and pink
for the girls. Each person who
registered made a guess at the
number of berries in a jar placed
on the table. Charley Nelson, a
past president of the club, won this
contest by guessing the exact num-
ber of berries. The men had a
contest blowing up balloons, and
the ladies had one throwing cran-
berries into jars.

Ice cream, birthday cake and
coffee were served after the
games. The tables were decorated
with Christmas flower arrange-
ments and birthday napkins were
at each place. "Happy Birthday"
was sung and each of the new of-
ficers gave a few remarks.

The committee in charge of the
party were Mrs. D. J. Crowley,
chairman, Mrs. Warner Smith,
Mrs. Bob Ostgard, Mrs. Leonai'd
Morris, Mrs. Guido Funke, Mrs.
Ralph Blair and Mrs. B. B. Saun-
ders.

New Office and
Lab for Research
At Long Beach

Construction to Start Early
In This Year — Cranberry
Breeding Program to Be
Enlarged.

Long Beach, Washington — Back
in 1922 research work was started
on cranberry problems in Pacific
County. The original headquarters
was located in a garage at Cran-
moor, then owned by Mrs. H. M.
Williams. D. J. Crowley, then
fresh out of college, and H. F.
Bain, also on his first assignment
with the United States Depart-
ment of Agriculture, spent most
of the season travelling from one
bog to another in an effort to de-
termine what the cranberry pi-ob-
lems were.

Experimental work was done on
various bogs on the Peninsula. In
those days the growers were en-
thused about experimental work
on their bogs, provided it saved
them some money and didn't in-
jure the crop. Frequently, how-
ever, they found the results of
some of the sprays were unsatis-
factory and may have done more

harm than good. Experiments fre-
quently work out that way.

rt was decided therefore that it
would be more satisfactory to have
a permanent headquarters and the
present site on Pioneer Road was
acquired. It was officially cesig-
nated the Cranberry-Blueberry
Laboratory. Most of the small
outlying research stations were
designated as laboratories and
have been so named until the past
few weeks.

At a recent meeting in Pullman
of the Board of Regents of the

re5

State College of Washington re
named all the branch stations andl
laboratories. The Station at Long
Beach was officially designated as
the Cranberry-Blueberry Experi
ment Station. This name has been
used by the growers during most
of the time, as it was somewhat!
easier to say than the other title,

The present plan calls for thi
construction of an office and labor
atory headquarters early in 1941
The program of breeding worl
with the cranberries and blueber-
ries will also be enlarged.

Start the New Year Right!

If you are not already a subscriber to
CRANBERRIES, you are missing some
valuable information the year 'round.
CRANBERRIES IS THE OVER-ALL
publication of the industry.

If you already subscribe, your fore-
man would be better informed if you
have us add his name to our list.

t- .. n. ,.

—J*

Twenty

for CRANBERRY BOGS

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protection, cyanide spraying, and even sand
distribution is by Buckner Cranberry sprinklers.

giant irrigator
high pressure

A typical Western
Cranberry bog instal-
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low-pressure sprink-
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using established
water supply

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Bog Specifications

Buckner Cranoerry sprinklers
were designed by Cranberry Bog engi-
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(

Flume Project
Successful

Applying modern, scientific meth-
ods and using prefabricated flumes
as planned by a hydraulic engineer,
has proven extremely gratifying to
George R. Briggs. Last spring Mr.
Briggs had Russell A. Trufant of
North Carver, hydraulic consultant

Grossman's

On Cape Cod

"EVERYTHING TO
BUILD WITH"

Opposite R. R. Station

Sagamore, Mass.

778
Tels. Sagamore 779

and cranberry grower, lay out a
project for the improved water
supply of the lower 30 acres of
his Indian Brook bogs, Manomet
(Plymouth) Massachusetts. Flumes
used were of corrugated pipe, bi-
tuminous coated and paved, some
with sliding gate headers (hand-
wheel type, described in CRAN-
BERRIES, March 1947) and others
v;ith half-circle flashboard headers
— a modification of the Paul L.
Whipple flumes described in CRAN-
BERRIES, May 1947. Incidentally,
the Briggs project furnished the
occasion for the development of
the half-circle flumes by Mr. Tru-
fant.

A season of use has demonstrat-
ed to Mr. Briggs' satisfaction that
the installation of the whole pro-
ject and the use of these modern
flumes was a wise move.

The series of bogs to which the
modern engineering methods and
the new flumes were applied, was a
remote section of his bogs which
could not be easily flowed from the
former reservoir arrangement.
First, Mr. Briggs had a canal dug
approximately 6,000 feet long — in-

.cluding both forks of a great "Y".''
This big ditch is 12 feet deep for i
the first 1,000 feet. The canal leads I
from a 70-acre pond with ample |.
water. A shovel, a crane, and two
bulldozers were used in the making
of this major cranberry water-
course.

Two prefabricated flumes with
sliding gates, the flumes having 36
inch pipes, control the water from
its source at the pond. At the
"Y" there are two half-circle
flumes which can turn the water in
either of two directions, as desired.
Other similar flumes control the
flow from the canal into the various
bog sections. These half-circles
are 48-inch size, with 36-inch pipes.
The canal detours around a low
piece of bog in its path, and a 12"
over-and-under set of flumes and
drains is provided there.

With the new system, the whole
30 acres of bog can be flooded for
frost in about three hours. Previ-
ously this had been a matter of
many hours, and even then the re-
sults were often far from satis-
factory. Other bog often had to
be slighted in order to flow this

YEARSS

GQL

TO ALL CRANBERRY GROWERS

From the Cranberry Cooperative which has demonstrated for more than
forty years the value of teamwork and orderly distribution.

The New England Cranberry Sales Company

9 Station Street

Middleboro, Mass.

Twenty-two

irea. Now it is almost a question
vhat to do with the water when it
jets there, the volume is so great.

One advantage of the arrange-
nent is in the rapidity of frost pro-
.ection. Actual flooding can be de-
ayed until the last minute, saving
he water now used on frosts that
nerely threaten. If the old-time
■ule that "three flows equal one
rost, three frosts equal one
"reeze" still holds, this avoidance
)f unnecessary flooding is import-
int.

Another advantage is that with

I more ample supply of water
apped the flood need not be held
nore than a single night during a
>rolonged frost period, as protec-
ion can be quickly and surely at-
.ained a second and a third night if
lecessary.

A third major advantage is that
he winter flood can safely be let
)ff earlier in the spring, with the
'aster and more adequate water
iupply. This latter point, Mr.
3riggs feels, is of the greatest im-
jortance. He expects to increase
iroduction on these bogs because
if these advantages.

In all, so far, Mr. Briggs has
ised 9 flumes, 7 of them half-cir-
•les, at these Indian Brook bogs.
ie has 7 more of the modern
lumes which take care of 30 acres
it the East Head bog in Carver,
ind he will have one at a bog at
5outh Meadow, Carver, which rec-
ently came uncer his care. He has
ilso had the benefit of Mr. Tru-
ant's advice on two other canals,
ess impressive, but none the less
•ital to the areas served. He likes
he assurance that if a canal is
milt as specified it will flood a cer-
ain acreage in three hours, even
ifter it is half-choked with weeds.
iVhile anyone knows water will
low down hill, few know how much
m\\ flow down a particular hill in

II particular channel, through par-
ticular flumes, culverts, etc., in a
»iven length of time.

"These prefabricated flumes are
/astly superior to old-style concrete
)r wooden flumes in ease of instal-
ation", Mr. Briggs says. "I have
10 reason but to believe the main-
:«nance will be inexpensive. In
laying out a project, I would
strongly suggest consulting a hy-
Iraulic engineer, who really knows

how the problems should be han-
dled.''

This installation is one more
demonstration of the progressive-
ness of growers — and one more
proof there will be larger crops of
cranberries to dispose of in the
immediate future.

them was apparently not unflatter-
ing— at least in the instance of
Godfrey.

SCOOPS

and

SCREENINGS

We note from ACE's "Cranberry
World" that Vernon Goldsworthy,
ACE director, personally presented
a box of "Eatmor" to the acting
governor of Wisconsin, and also a
box to Wisconsin Senator Alexan-
der Wiley. "Goldy" always man-

NEWSWEEK, issue December
8th, in an article on Arthur God-
frey, the broadcaster, called him
not know just what cranberry-bog
tonsils may be, the reference to

Cranberry Bogs
Bought and Sold

on Cape Cod

ROBERT R. LARKIN
Realtor

West Harwich, Mass.

Tel. Har. 504-W

Rain When You Want It
RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS

:^aaf-^>..^-.-i

For Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation

Rain Bird Sprinkling systems do the job you want

them to do, when you want it. All working parts are

accessible and fool proof. Oscillator arm breaks up

stream to give maximum benefit.

Consult Rain Bird engineering department for advice

on your irrigation problems.

For complete information on Rain Bird Sprinkling

Systems, write,

For the East and Midwest

L. R. NELSON MFG. CO.
Peoria, Illinois

On the Pacific Coast

R. M. WADE and CO.
Portland, Oregon

JOSEPH BRECK & SONS
85 State Street
Boston, Mass.

IRRIGATION DIVISION

VEGACRE FARM

Forestdale (Cape Cod) Mass

OREGON CULVERT CO.
Portland, Oregon

RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CO.

GLENDORA, CALIF.

Twenty -three

ages to get around — particularly
in any cranberry industry. Good
cranberry publicity! Once he px-e-
sented a box to then Vice-Pres-
ident Henry A. Wallace.

The Hammonds of Wisconsin,
"Del" and "Marge", were expect-
ing to leave during the first half
of January for a trip to New York
to visit American Cranberry Ex-
change headquarters, to the cran-
berry section of New Jersey, and
then into southeastern Massachu-
setts, of which they are natives.
Their parents, Mr. and Mrs. C. D.
Hammond, Sr., of Onset, Mass.,

INCREASE

the usefulness of your
present equipment.

Let us mount a new

CONVERTO DUMP BODY

in any % o 1 Ton Pick-up Truck

It only takes a few minutes —
ideal for SANDING and odd
jobs.

Immediate Deliverv

Special Invitation

You are invited to be
at our b i g "O pen
House" party January
16tii. This will intro-
duce the brand new
FORD "Bonus-Built"
trucks for 1948.

See Them! !

H. A. SUDDARD, Inc.

Wareham, Mass.
"Your Ford Dealer"

were expected to arrive at Wiscon-
sin Rapids over the holidays and
would take care of the three small
Hammoncs.

We welcome the Oregon GIs at-
tending the cranberry school at
Bandon, who subscribed to CRAN-
BERRIES as a group. We hope we
can make the contents of this pub-
lication well worth their invest-
ment. We'll certainly try.

December issue of "News for
Farmer Cooperatives" carried for
its front cover a grocery display
featuring fresh Eatmor cranber-
ries, with a lengthy article by
Chester M. Chaney, entitled "Sauce
for Members as well as the Gan-
ders". The article traced the his-
tory of the formation of the State
sales companies and of the Ex-
change to the present. It told of
the way the companies serve..
their memberships and of how the
Exchange is working with proces-
sors in taking the canning stock
off the market.

A Word From U. S.
Treasury Concerning'
Investment

(Editor's Note — The fo kw!n:r w.t:
especially prepared for CRANBE::iniES
by the U. S. Treas"rv DeT^artment, Eo". -
ton office, Alfred C. Sheeh;-, depuiy di-
rector.)

When returns from the crop ie-
gin to come in, the producer is

A ttention
Cranberry
Growers ! !

We have

Drain Pipe

Large Sized Terra Cotta
Makes a Permanent Installation

RALPH W. ELLIOT

Sandwich Rd., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 794

Mail Addresa: Buzzards Bay, RFD

Plumbing and Heatinf Service

frequently concerned with th<
problem of their best present use
Suggestions present themselve;
as to increasing acreage and thus
adding productivity; about the re-

JARI POWER SCYTHE

Cuts weeds, grass, brush

Write for details

CALCO
Rainmaker

Portable Steel Pipe

Milorganite

Organic 6% Nitrogen Fertilizer

mm IRRIGATION

With

LESS
WAUR

A Model For
i Every Pressure,

For Farm, On
and quickly n^j
HMvy duty l|^
for long <ervK
ttf tubricaledf
quired. No
wtor out. M{
button.

rd or Truck Gordon. Eatily
intod en any irrigation pipt.
lis and bronio centtructioit

Sand and dirt proof. Wa>
tarings— no oil or grtato re-
moving ports to ropldly

lum covoraa*— even dislrl*

^ BUCKNEJl MANUFACTimiNC C0.(.
laiS Blackstone Av*., FrMoo, California

BUCKNER SPRINKLERS

llZt WASHINGTON STREET
WEST NEWTON 6fi, MASS.

Twenty-four

acement of worn or out-dated
[Uipment; of renovating present
igs; or even of taking- an extend-
I trip to those lands where over-
ats and rubbers' are forgotten
id swimming and golf enjoyed
iring the winter months.
We cannot quarrel with the idea
at any of these courses has mer-
and is a highly desirable pursuit.
However, may we, in all sincer-
y, make the observation that a
etty good and extremely safe
•ogram is to invest a substantial
)rtion of the returns in United
:ates Savings Bonds.
These bonds are safe; they give
good yield; they mature in ten
twelve years, according to the
ries selected by the purchaser,
hey mature at a time when, we
nture to predict, the dollar will
; nearer to its actual purchasing
ilue than it is today and when the
rincipal and interest will buy sub-
^ntially more than it will at to-
ly's inflated prices.
Your banker is well posted on
lis form of investment. Why not
ilk it over with him?

the hauling with a Model A Farm-
all tractor and six men spreading
on the bog keep this equipment
moving briskly. When sanding is
done the equipment is useful for
other farm work.

Fresh from the Fields

(Continued from Page 5)

he lowest temperature, 13 de-
rees, was recorded on the morn-

g of Dec. 25 and 29 each.

Precipitation was sufficient dur-

g most of the month until the
reat snow of December 26th (al-
lough nothing like the severity
- New York City and vicinity)

posited a fair amount for the
outh Jersey cranberry area. The
low fall measured 7.0 inches, un-

elted, and when melted was 0.67
iches, which made the total 2.15
iches, which is only a third of an
ich below normal for December.

Winter Flooding. Because of the
bsence of severe weather this
lonth there has been a minimum
f winter ooding. Water supplies
I general are good, so that those
rowers who can do so are waiting
ntil ooding is actually needed.

Sanding. The weather has, of
ourse, been very favorable for bog
cork and for sanding, of which
here has been a good deal this
all. New Jersey growers are con-
inuing to develop and increase the
fficiency of sanding with plank
rackways. Rogers Brick has
rorked out a good combination, us-
ng a tractor loader and three low
railer wagons. One driver does all

CRANBERRY SCHOOL

(Continued from Page 4)

In making a reservoir decide
what you want for bog and what
for reservoir. In the past, mis-
takes have been made by making

too much bog and not enough res-
ervoir. It costs a lot more to make
a bog than a reservoir, and you
can always put more into bog af-
ter you find that you have ample
water supply.

If you use a natural pond of
more than 10 acres you will have
to get permission from the state
to use the water for your bog.

If you have a reservoir, be care-
ful not to flood anyone else's prop-
erty.

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

BOG MANAGEMENT

'■'n

17 Court St.
Plxmouth, Mass.

Co

^.°K

Tels: Plymouth 1622
Kingston 319

If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will
pay you to see us.

A number of properties available, more wanted.

IRRIGATION EQUIPMENT

• FLEX-O-SEAL PORTABLE IRRIGATION PIPE

• RAINBIRD and BUCKNER SPRINKLERS

• SUCTION HOSE and DISCHARGE FITTINGS

• GIANT PORTABLE HEADS and MOUNTS

• ENGINE PUMPING UNITS in ALL SIZES

Chrysler Powered Hale PiimpinK
Units equipped with Chrysler Indus-
trial engine Model T-118. Pump ca-
pacity 500 G.P.M. at 120 lbs. pressure
to 850 G.P.M. at 76 lbs. pressure.
Electric Starter and EXHAUST TYPE
SELF PRIMER. Hundreds of these
units are now giving: an excellent
account of themselves on all types of
farms. We ourselves use one to pump
water up an 80 ft. hill and throush
a mile of Flex-O-Seal pipe to operate
a 1200 ft. sprinkler line. These units
-^_»— _^^^.^^ have been in storage and were oper-

^^Qf) "^"^^^^^SSi^^Bt^^^ / ated only for periodic testinc. They

^OifU ^^^j^^iP^ '^-r are thoroughly serviced and checked

ci<'ir» Mr»r»Fl for performance at our own testing

:5K.1U MUL.E.1- ^^^j before shipping. We have en-
tirely avoided any uncertainty on condition and performance in this way.
For sale at less than half original cost. Many of best operated farms in New
England have taken advantage of their availability to secure a number of
these units. Battery extra.

Trailer Models with two suction Hoses $490

We have installed both high and low pressure equipment on Cranberry
bogs in Cape Cod area.

LITERATURE — PRICES — BOG ESTIMATES — LAYOUTS
AT NO OBLIGATION

VE6-ACRE~FARMS-IRRIGATI0N DIVISION

FORESTDALE. CAPE COD, MASS.

Phone Ostervillc 719

Twenty-five

In buying- a swamp for a bog,
if possible buy a lot more land
around it than you think you will
need, for it may be difficult to pur-
chase it after your bog is built.

Thei'e are considerable differ-
ences in temperature on frosty
nights on bogs in different loca-
tions. Perhaps it would be well
to look into this some, especially
if your water supply is limited.
Ground Cover — Soil Tests

I do not think it is necessary in
the eastern part of the state to

BEES

RENTALS

Strong Colonies
For Pollination

JOHN VANdePOELE

800 Hancock Ct.

West Abington

Mass.

take soil tests for acidity to deter- Generally the best indicator

mine land that is suitable for grow- land covered with leather leaf
ing cranberries. "brown brush", laurel, ced£

Colley
Cranberry
Company

Plymouth, Mass.

Office
17 Court Street

Telephone
Plymouth 1622

SKINNER • Pioneer and leader in irrigafior

$Kir#JER cbntroMed irrigation
waters large areci^ Mnifornlly—

The SKINNER Controlled Power Sprinkler is
specially designed for high water pressures and
large volumes. A fine, effective sprinkler for
large coverage where slow rotation is required.

SKINNER Irrigation Engineers, through o bock-
ground of long experience, hove developed the
Super Utility Sprinkler. Primarily used for water-
ing sturdy, liberally rooted crops, its high volume
and maximum coverage give excellent irrigation.
These sprinkler heads may be added to your
present system to increase the effectiveness of
controlled v/otering and bring bigger and bet-
ter yields consistently. You con depend on
SKINNER for performance and dependability.

The Skinner Irrigation Company

150 W. Water St., Troy, Ohio

i

Catalog No.
Controlled Pwr.

CP-1

CP-

1'/4

Mole
Intel Tlir.

1%

KINNER

YSTEM

60

80

100

85
100
125

'A

23.50
28.50
32.30

64.00
72.00

Diom. of Uniform
Coverage in ft.

3:
01
Q

— t

Q

n
n

3

c'

135
145
155

180
190

Twenty-six

swamp maple, wild cranberries or
blueberries.

There should be at least a few
inches of peat. Occasionally I find
cranberries, especially the Howes
variety, doing well on cranberry
bogs that have a clay sub-soil in-
stead of peat.

Sand

Sand that is best for sanding and
making new bogs should be about
the grace used in mixing cement.
It used to be important that this
supply was around the edge of the
bog, but now with power shovels
and trucks to haul it, it can be
hauled from considerable distance
and taken to the location of the
bog where it is to be used. If the
distance is not too great, many
claim they can have it carted as
cheaply as they can have it taken
from the sand banks around the
bog.

Size of Bog

Everything else being equal,
small bogs pay better dividends
than large ones. They are creaper
to harvest and easier to spray, dust
and sand. They are also easier to
protect from frost.

There; is in the process of being age in other states. At the present

built, and going to be built in the
next three years, approximately
1800 acres of new bog in Massa-
chusetts, and a considerable acre-

time labor and equipment are high
and difficult to get, and it is neces-
sary to wait four years for returns
on your money invested.

Cranberry Growers

Please do not wait until the hole is dug to order your flumes.
Prefabricated means we build them for you, you just install them.
Give us time to do your work.

Flumes — Prefabricated

Sliding Gate Reservoir Flumes — the kind that let you sleep on
frosty nights.

Dog-leg Reservoir Flumes — for Oxygen Enrichment.
Flashboard-type Lower Flumes — for close regulation of water
levels. '

With Armco Pipe

Long Lengths — few joints — easy to handle.

Galvanized, asbestos bonded, completely coated, with a pavea

bottom to take the wear.

And No Spiling

Instead, on short pipes, reservoir flumes, or where eels and
muskrats are bad, use a corrugated-iron seepwall collar, ex-
tending two feet above, below, and both sides of pipe.

Assembled in a few hours

Excavating and backfilling your chief problem.

No Settlement

Except as the whole dike settles, even on the softest bottom.

R. A. TRUFANT Hydraulic Consultant

Tel. Carver 64-11 - Bog Railroads For Sale or Rent - North Carver, Mass.

We are "All Set" to serve Massachusetts Growers

* WITH ANY JOB OF BOG RENOVATION.

* NEW BOG CONSTRUCTION

* BOG MAINTENANCE

We have Power Shovels (3) ; Tractor Bulldozers (3) ; Cranes, Scrapers, 90-
Yard Screener; Power Winches, Draggers; Road Grader — 30 competent Oper-
ators and employes— AND THE NECESSARY EXPERIENCE AND KNOW-
HOW.

E. T. Cault Transportation Co. Pranconia Service Station

Freight Transportation (including cranberries
:n season). Heavy equipment hauling.
Tel. 227

Franconia Coal Co.

Water-White Kerosene for Weed Control this
spring.

Tel. 39 -R

Tires, Tubes, Batteries, Auto and Truck Re-
pairing and Greasing. Jenney Gasoline and
Motor Oils.

Distributors for
MACK and INTERNATIONAL TRUCKS

Tel. 39-R

CAULT CONSTRUCTION COMPANY

"EDDIE" T. GAULT, JR.

Main St., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. 227

Twenty-seven

With this large acreage going
in, and not knowing what the price
of cranberries will be in four or
five years fi'om now, I would not
consider at the present time put-
ting in new bog except in the most
favorable locations.

In looking for a location for a
bog, first plan on how much money
you want to spend. There gener-
ally seem to be more large
swamps for sale than small ones
and it is often difficult to put in
a small acreage in a large swamp,
for it usually requires a lot of
dikes, and sometimes dikes cost
more to build than cranberry bog.

■I do not recommend building bogs
from swamps where there is no
water supply as it costs about the
same to build, and the valuation is
only about one-half as much as a
bog with a good water supply.

There are a few locations with
a limited water supply that are
doing well with an overhead
sprinkling system, but I think the
price of an overhead system, at the
pi-esent time, is around $500 an
acre completed. If you are think-
ing of using an overhead system,
make sure you have a good water
supply before you attempt it.

Many interested in building bogs
of their own plan to do most of
their own work in their spare
time, but as it costs $3000 to $3,500
an acre to make a bog, that means
at least 3000 hours an acre and
one person would not accomplish
much under these conditions. I
think if he went to work in a two
or three acre swamp the first part
of it would be pretty well grown
up before he reached the last of it.

Short

Mr. Short spoke briefly and very
much in general, saying the Massa-
chusetts cranberry area is reached
in less than an hour's ride from
Boston to the southeast and in a
little more than an hour's ride
north and west from Boston, al-
though, of course, the very great

bulk was in the former area. He
referred to the availability of land
in Rhode Island and Connecticut,
where there is some development
of old bogs.

In reply to a question he said he
did not believe bogs far away
from the cranberry center in Ply-
mouth and Barnstable counties
were necessarily less desirable be-
cause of the distance. He based

this upon the more modern meth-
ods of bog building and mainte-
nance with the equipment of today.
Distance from the recognized cen-
ter he did not consider as of im-
portance.

Beattie announced that the next
session of the school would be Jan-
uary 6 and would continue twice a
month, on the first and third Tues-
days.

TmWTTWnWT-

TILLER MT/w

0 Full horsepower motor

# Positive BClion. muiti-

pla disc clutch,
0 Full siied ^/« electric

alloy steel tines.

r"

}^:n'i--i^^

M:IH.'l.-M.<.i:!-.>.V'l*W-|;IIMI.I.'K'.TO

HEARTIEST WELCOME!

Father Time has brought up a new
member of his famous family. He
shall be known as 1948, and it's up
to us to see that he thrives, pros-
pers and lives peacefully.

Plymouth County Electric Co.

WAREHAM
Tel. 200

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 1300

Beaton's Distributing Agency

NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS
of

Q^apz. Sad QAcmAjeAhieA

for over a quarter century
in United States and Canada

Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 130 or 970

Twenty-eigrht

Consistent Year 'Round

NEWSPAPER
ADVERTISING

/i proaucing^ conitantlg
increaiing^ Aalei!

It will pay you DIVIDENDS
to deal with

MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS

INC,

IGETON

NEW JERSEY

Represented hy

BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY

ious, clear-jellied /9a ti/^^

0001

Only fine quality cranberries,
sugof and water go into MIN-OT'S
— ossuring you the fvU cranberry
flovor that adds unique
tastiness to ony meal! Try
MIN-OT"S with meat, fish or
fowl — its zestful flavor
makes o\\ foods deliciously
tempting ... its jellied per-
fection mokes serving easy!

«£AOr TO SERV£

for oW-fo.fiiof.ed, «hofe berrr "O""- ^"r CONWArS.

THE f&stM&f 14444, FOR ALL OCCASIONS

WAREHAM, MASS.

Program for 1948...

While you are busy planning for the coming growing season and
its problems, we too are making plans.

SERVICE -

For our members, old and new, we are planning
for more service.

MEMBERSHIP -

SALES
ADVERTISING

With the fresh market so obviously active and
profitable, we expect to find many more grow-
ers who wish to protect it by joining "The Cran-
berry Growers' Cooperative", the Exchange.

We have felt our way carefully in this first
year of real post-war marketing conditions.
With this experience we can plan for the com-
ing season in respect to both sales and adver-
tising.

We pushed and made sales on the fresh market to the full limit of
our supplies that were suitable. Our carload sales were practically
completed prior to December 1st, because we had no more to sell.

Happy New Year to all.

The American Cranberry Exchange, Inc.

The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative

Marketers of

Eatmor
Cranberries

Chicago

New York

iRVINC A $12,000,00U A YbAK INUU:)IKT

APE COD
HEW JERSEY
WISCONSIN
OREGON
WASHINGTON

30 Cents

NEW ENGLAND — In grip of worst winter in many years. — atene at East Wareham. Massa
chusetts. (CRANBERRIES rh..l..

February, 1948

Now and Then

At the end of 1895, our first year, we had 10 members.

Today, 53 years later, many of the prominent growers of New Jersey
are members, together with the third and fourth generations of five of
the original pioneers. This is a pure Cooperative, run exclusively for
the benefit of our grower members. No one profits except you — that is,
if you're one of our many members. Are you?

Growers Cranberry Company, Inc.

PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY

Congratulations

to

New Eng-land Cranberry Sales Company

upon adding- 64 growers to its mEmbership

during- the past year.

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

(A Cooperative)

MfibaMM^^hM^dWiiliflAM

ad

\T10DJ1?

ss&R

LB.?

i/

r

When Father goes shopping for food, the chances are he'll come back with a lot
of things that aren't on the list that Mother gave him. Popular opinion to the con-
trary, men are interested in food, and they are alert to new food ideas. They are par-
ticularly apt to buy on impulse, picking up from the market counters items that strike
their fancy.

Ocean Spray's Chicken "n Cranberry campaign is directed not only at the home-
makers of the nation, but at the increasing number of men who do the family shopping.
The chicken-and-cranberry team appeals to men as well as to women .... it is rich,
hearty, full of flavor.

By helping dealers to build displays of Ocean Spray and chicken, NCA is catching
the eyes of shoppers — men and women alike — in food stores all over the country ....
creating spur-of-the-moment buying that quickly changes into habit.

JOIN WITH NCA TO BUILD A BIGGER MARKET FOR BIGGER CROPS.

National Cranberry Association

The Growers' Cooperative

Hanson, Massachusetts
Onset, Massachusetts
Plymouth, Massachusetts

Branches at:

North Harwich, Massachusetts
Dennis, Massachusetts
Bordentown, New Jersey
North Chicago, Illinois

Coquille, Oregon
Markham, Washington
Long Beach, Washington

igilREGTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS I <

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREIIAM 162

S. G. M. Packard & Go.

Hardware — Locksmiths
For Maintenance Supplies

Marinette &
Menominee Box Co.

Marinette, Wisconsin

BOXES. BOX SHOCKS. CRATING
WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES

M & M's 64th Year

Servinf the Wisconsin
Cranberry Growers

Extensive Experience in
ELECTRICAL WORK

At Screenhouees, Bon and
Pumps Means Satisfaction

ALFRED PAPPI

WAKEHAM. MASS. Tel. 6Se

USE DYNAMITE

The modern way to re-
move stumps, excavate
rocks, DIG CORES FOR
DIKES, and other blasting
v^ork in cranberry growing.
Speeds up work — reduces costs.
CONSULT WITH US ON ANY
WORK YOU ARE PLANNING.
Trained by Hercules Powder Co.

ALTON J. SMITH

High St., Hanson, Mass.
Tel. Brvantville 209-R-3

Middleborough
Trust Company

MIDDLEBORO
MASS.

Member of

The Federal Deposit

Insurance Corporation

For Sale

Two Cranberry Bogs with
water and sand. Both have
excellent opportunities.

E. A. WASHBURN
Marion, Mass.

Tel. Marion 237-R

Edwin K. Greer Co.

WAREHAM, MASS.
Est. 1891 Tel. Wareham 108

PIONEERS RETAILERS OF
BUILDING MATERIALS

CATERING To The CRANBERRY
INDUSTRY

LUMBER DRAIN PIPE

WOOD PRESERVERS BOLTS

TOOLS

H. R. Bailey Co.

South Carver
Massachusetts

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.
in stock

Morris April Bros.

Bridgeton - Tuckahoe

New Jersey

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

Wood
County
National
Bank

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

MKMBKR FEDERAL DKPOSIT
INSURANCE CORPORATION

SERVING THE GRANBERRY INDUSTR

ADAMS & GOULD

Lumber Dealers

"Everything Under Cover"

East Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 648

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Paints - Hardware

Attention
Cranberry
Growers ! !

We have

Drain Pipe

Large Sized Terra Cotta
Makes a Permanent Installation

RALPH W. ELLIOT

Sandwich Rd., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 794

Mail Address: Buzzards Bay, RFD

Plumbinx and HeatinK Service

KROP-SAVER

brand

INSECTICIDES
FUNGICIDES

For the Cranberry Grower

CROP-SAVER
CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc.

3511 West Potomac Avenue
Chicago 51, Illinois

Cape & Vineyard
Electric Company

Offices:

Chatham

Falmouth
Hyannis

Vineyard Haven

Established 184«

Hall & Cole

Incorporated

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

94 Faneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON, MASS.

Acushnet
Saw Mills Co.

GOOD
WOOD BOXES

Cranberry Growers

Order Harvest and

Shipping Boxes

New Bedford, Mass.

Est. 1865

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES
SPECIALTIES

Car Lot Receivers

Harvest

and

Shipping
Boxes

Jesse A. Holmes & Son

Carver, Mass.

Tel. Carver 10-3

The National Bank of Wareham

Conveniently located for Cranberry men

Funds always available for sound loans

Complete Banking Service

Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.

Mass. Cranberry
Station and Field Notes

by J. RICHARD BEATTIE
Extension Cranberry Specialist

The matter of oxygen deficiency
in the winter flooding is creating
considerable interest and discus-
sion among cranberry growers in
Massachusetts. If during the past
weeks the number of visits to the
Cranberry Station, phone calls, re-
quests for oxygen testing equip-
ment, and. the number of bogs on
which winter flow has been with-
drawn are indications of interest.
Dr. H. F. Bergman's careful win-
ter studies over a period of many
years are really bearing fruit. Not
many of us realize that Dr. Berg-
man has carried on studies of the
oxygen content in water as far
back as 1918, at the Mass. State
Bog. Injury to bogs resulting
from late holding of a d.eep winter
flood was reported by Dr. H. J.
Franklin as early as 1916. The
seriousness of the problem was
recognized along in 1928-29, when
Dr. Bergman really began his in-
tensive studies of winter water
here at the State Bog.

It seems in order at this time to
review the oxygen deficiency prob-
lem and. analyze carefully the sit-
uation on our own individual bogs.
The information on taking sam-
ples, equipment for making the
oxygen content determinations be-
ing carried on by cooperatives and
other cranberry organizations — is
available for those who are inter-
ested, but more about that later.

Let us first be sure that we un-
derstand just what we are discuss-
ing. In other words, what is oxygen
deficiency? What conditions cause
it, and what are a few of the me-
thods for relieving the problem?
Well, first let's discuss oxygen d.e-
ficiency itself. To better understand
this term, it might be well to re-
view briefly how a plant functions.
Take the cranberry plant itself.
This plant (so the botanist tells
us) respires or breathes just as hu-

Four

mans, animals, or fish. Plant and
animal life have the facilities for
combining the free oxygen of the
air or water, depending upon their
habitat, with sugars and other ma-
terials in their systems, to release
energy for the performance of the
various life processes and. give oflf
carbon dioxide and water as waste
products. Now the cranberry plant,
along with others that have the
green coloring material in their
cells know as "chlorophyll", makes
its own sugars and starches in a
process know as "photosynthesis".
In other words, with favorable con-
ditions the cranberry plant utilizes
the carbon dioxide in the water
with sunlight and chlorophyll,
thereby building up energy for
later use, and makes up its own
sugars and starches. In this pro-
cess, oxygen is given off as a by-
product.

These two plant functions, res-
piration and photosynthesis, con-
tinue the year round but are some-
what red.uced during the winter
periods as might be expected. How-
ever, when we have heavy accum-
ulations of snow and ice which shut
off sunlight — as is the case with
cranberry vines under the winter
flood — this process of photosyn-
thesis is greatly reduced. The plant
continues to use up the available
oxygen in the water in its breath-
ing or respiration until the supply
is exhausted, causing oxygen de-
ficiency. Well, this is more of a de-
tailed explanation than was in-
tended, but this is an attempt to
outline this rather complicated pi'o-
cess so that the writer can under-
stand it himself.
60 Inches of Snow in Some Areas
It might be well to review the
situation now confronting us. Win-
ter flowing began in December and.
early Januai'y. (Water wasn't too
plentiful in many reservoirs.) From

December 23 on, snow began fall-
ing over most of the state, with the
exception of parts of Barnstable
County, and has continued ever
since with monotonous regularity.
At the writing of this article
(January 23), we have the extreme
of better than 60 inches of snow
on some bogs in the northern part
of the state to practically bare
ground on the Lower Cape. The ice
varies from 15 inches plus, to two
or three inches on the same areas
mentioned above. This snow and
ice, plus a very definite lack of sun-
shine have all combined to create a
condition that really has many
growers scratching their heads.
Many growers are making oxygen
content determinations daily. In-
cidentally, these samples should be
taken daily to secure a true picture
of conditions during critical peri-
ods, according to Dr. Bergman. Re-
ports of the dissolved oxygen con-
tent that have come into the Sta-
tion the past few weeks range from
zero to approximately 8.0, express-
ed in cc. per liter. As you know.
Dr. Bergman now considei's that a
dissolved oxygen content of 4 cc.
per liter is the danger point. He
states that no injury will occur just
just as long as the dissolved oxygen
content of the water remains at a
level high enough to supply the
oxygen demand of the more active
parts of the cranberry vines. In-
jury may occur if oxygen content
lalls to 4 cc. per liter for two or
thi-ce days.

The question now arises as to
wi at efi'ect the lack of oxygen has
on our vines. Dr. Bergman again is
our soui'ce of information. He tells
us that expei-iments have shown
that we can expect dead stems, loss
of leaves, dead terminal buds, dead
flower buds, failure of the flowers
to set fruit after pollination, and
greatly retarded development of
the flower bud. That briefly sum-
marizes the types of injury that
may occur of an external nature.
Certainly this is an impressive ar-
ray of possible damage under cer-
tain conditions on our bogs.

What to Do?

The whole problem is a complex
one, and. just what we can do about
it as growers is a logical question.

(Continued from Page 24)

Issue of February. 194S — Vol. 12. No. 10

Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham. Massachusetts. Subscription, $3.00 pe» Jrenf.
Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 8. 1879

FRESH FROM THE FIELDS

By C J. H.

MASSACHUSETTS

January 1948 will go down as
about the "meanest, most vicious"
month in Massachusetts and in fact
most of the East in many years.
At no time during the month did
the temperature rise above 42 de-
grees, .which was the maximum
reached at the State Bog', East
Wareham on the 9th. The lowest
was an official 7 below on the clos-
ing morning, the 31st. Unofficial
readings went .much lower, a
Lowell Cranberry Co., Middlesex
county had minus 31 on one day
in Acushnet where a number re-
ported minus 18 degrees. Even at
that, the southeastern area, which
is the cranberry district, got off
rather easily compared to other
parts of the states, and this was
particularly true of Cape Cod
itself and Wareham, as concerns
snowfall.

Snowfall during- the month total-
ed 2.16 inches which equalled 7.10
precipitation. Snow remaining at
the end of the month was 6.67
inches. The season's total at Boston
had been 60 inches, but figures for
the Blue Hill Observatory, near by
Boston .showed, a total of 100.3.

Oxygen Deficiency

Of course the greatest concern
of the growers was that in regard
to oxygen deficiency in the winter
flood. On the 31st Dr. Franklin de-
had been snow ice and snow on ice
clared it was "pretty bad." There
on the bogs all the month and the
sunshine factor was exceedingly
low as it had been in December.
Sunny days were very few in
number.

Much Water Pulled

Warnings had early been issued
to the growers and many more

than ever before pulled out the
flood, from under the ice. It has,
been estimated that at least 50
percent of the acreage which nor-
mally has winter flood had been
drained. Some bogs merely had
snow covering which is of course
highly satisfactory. One bog, that
at Burrage, owned by the United
Cape Cod Cranberry Company, con-
taining more than 100 acres and
is managed by "Markey" Urann
was purposely left with its 30-inch
covering of snow, although other
bogs around it were floodedd as
usual. This may prove an interest-
ing- check for deficiency damage
between this and the surrounding
acreage.

"Angles"
Dr. F. B. Chandler told growers
that vines keep excellently in
snow or in ice, where respiration is
lower than in water, which is of-
ten warmer, while the temperature
of the ice is a constant 32. He said
there might be other factors in-
volved in drawing water than oxy-
gen deficiency. One would be from
the angle of insect population on
the bogs next season. He said a
though could be given to the fact
that fruitworm and. other insects
might be increased if the normal
winter flood routine is broken up
by water drawing-. However, he
said this angle was rather unknown
and if insects did increase there
would, be the helicopters to aid in
their conti'ol.

NEW JERSEY

Old-fashioned Winter

It has been a real old-fashioned
wintry month in South Jersey.
Temperatures have averaged sev-

eral degrees below normal, and
precipitation, especially snow, has
been way above normal. The aver-
age January daily mean tempera-
ture at Pemberton through the 25th
was 27.26°, or 6.24° below normal.
Precipitation, melted, amounted to
4.72 inches, which is 1.28 inches
above normal. Snowfall totaled
13.5 inches. This is 6.2 inches
more than the average January
normal snowfall for the State.

Fear Oxygen Deficiency
Flooded bogs were frozen before
Christmas and have been covered
with snow-ice continuously since
December 26. This is the longest
period of such coverage in New
Jersey for at least 13 years, and
brings up the possibility of wide-
spread injury from oxygen defi-
ciency. Notice was sent out by R.
B. Wilcox on December 31 to all
cranberry growers to take neces-
sary precautions. The warnings
were sent out through the County-
Agent, the National Cranberry As-
sociation and the Growers' Cran-
berry Company. A number of
growers have drawn the water
from under the ice, but many who
lack sufficient reservoirs have hesi-
tated to do this. Some testing of
the oxygen content of the flood wa-
ter is being done.

10 to Unofficial 20 Below
On the morning of January 19
the minimum temperature record-
ed at the Cranberry and Blueberry
Laboratory was -10°. Unofficial
readings in several blueberry fields
ranged from -12° to -20°, with the
majority reporting -14°. No check
of fruit bud injury has been made
as yet, though some injury may be
expected in the colder fields at
least.

(Continued on Page 24)

Five

ESTIMATES OF CRANBERRY PRODUCTION

By Henry J. Franklin

Some cranberry growers who
have failed to inform themselves
carefully have at times refused to
submit estimates of their crops in
connection with the annual fore-
casts of production made by the
Bureau of Agricultural Economics,
claiming that these forecasts often
over-estimate the crop and so mis-
lead the trade to their disadvan-
tage. To satisfy his curiosity in
this matter, the writer has ob-
tained the records of these esti-
mates, so far as they are complete
enough to really show anything,
for this state and for the country
as a whole, and they are presented
in the tables herewith:

Table 1 shows the Massachusetts
cranberry crop was underestimated
20 times in August and. overesti-
mated only seven times, the aver-
age August forecast in the 28-
year period being an underestimate
of 29,000 barrels. Practically all
the overestimates were in relation
to small crops, and the table seems
to show that August drouth was
involved in most of these cases.
While it is, of course, desirable
that these forecasts be accurate, it
is hard to see from the data given
here how they ever could have
harmed the growers materially up
to this time.

Table 2 shows that the Septem-
ber forecast of the national crop
was an underestimate 14 times
and an overestimate only seven
times, the average of these fore-
casts being .33,000 barrels less than
the average of the crops realized.
Hei'e again the overestimates were
of small or medium crops and so
could, hardly have harmed the
growers.

An examination of the tables
shows that both the Massachusetts
and national crops were consistenly
under-estimated during the early
part of the 28-year period, and
that in recent years the August
estimate has been above the final
about as many times as below.
During the 1.3-year period, 1934-46,
the Massachusetts crop was under-
estimated, six times and overesti-
mated seven times, the average of

these forecasts being 15,000 bar-
rels less than the average of the
crops realized. During the same

13 years, the national crop was un-
derestimated seven times and over-
estimated six times; the average
being 19,000 barrels less than the
average of the crops realized. Ac-

TABLE

I

MASSACHUSETTS CRANBERRY ESTIMATES. 1919-1946

(thousands of barrels)

Final De-

parture

Aueust

Final

from Auff.

Rainfall

Year

Aug.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Revised

Estimate

(Inchest)

1919

350

340

395

+ 4:5

7.44

1920

300

309

+ 9

2.72

1921

205

208

+ 3

2.53

1922

290

290

337

-h47

9.14

1923

320

350

451

-H131

2.46

1924

300

300

280

339

-1-39

7.13

1925

400

.385

385

447

+ 47

2.37

1926

420

425

430

438

+ 18

2.86

1927

380

370

385

+ 5

9.37

1928

325

325

325

348

+ 23

1.40

1929

375

385

395

395

421

+ 46

4.62

1930

395

382

380

380

395

0

2.40

1931

440

445

450

450

460

+ 20

4.44

1932

360

360

360

360

415

+ 55

4.55

1933

380

390

425

470

506

+ 126

3.73

1934

335

295

290

290

290

—45

2.17

1935

335

300

300

300

332

— 3

1.55

19.36

370

370

370

360

346

—24

5.79

1937

400

410

475

485

565

+ 165

4.31

1938

370

300

300

300

325

—45

1.41

1939

425

450

465

465

490

+ 65

3.36

1940

340

340

325

325

322

—18

0.87

1941

430

485

510

510

500

+ 70

3.55

1942

490

490

525

525

572

+ 82

6.55

1943

495

495

485

485

492

— 3

3.83

1944

230*

165

160

160

159

—71

1.17

1945

470

470

470

470

478

+ 8

2.92

1946

535

550

550

550

553

+ 18

12.87

Average =

-1-29.

*

Revised to 205,000 barre

s on September 1.

fAverages

of rainfall at Middleboro

, Plymouth

and Hyannis

Final Denarture

Final

From Sept.

Year

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Revised

Estimate

1922

511

556

561

562

597

+ 86

1923

585

566

619

610

686

+ 101

1924

541

530

517

523

610

+ 69

1925

624

.530

609

— 15

19.30

579

563

570

571

584

+ 5

1931

628

640

649

651

654

+ 26

1932

527

527

520

525

. 580

+ 53

1933

573

579

626

668

699

+ 126

1934

507

467

442

443

445

— 62

1935

532

485

487

487

516

— 16

1936

531

531

515

515

504

— 27

1937

648

691

776

786

877

+ 229

1938

530

461

457

457

474

— 56

:939

629

667

668

671

704

+ 75

1940

553

571

.570

571

571

+ 18

1941

679

725

749

743

725

+ 46

i;i42

756

743

785

787

812

+ 56

1943

738

721

691

686

688

— 50

1944

420

357

365

377

376

— 44

1645

644

634

640

649

657

+ 13

1946

7S8

815

833

846

857

+ 69

Average =

+ 33.

TABLE II

ESTIMATES OF CRANBERRY CROPS OF THE UNITED STATES

(thousands of barrels)

curate estimates are more bene-
ficial to growers in the long run
than estimates that are either con-
sistently too high or two low. The
record of recent years shows that
the cranberry estimates are rea-
sonably accurate and give growers
reliable information on the size of
both the Massachusetts and na-
tional crops.

Plymouth County
Clubs Open With
Three Speakers

M. L. Urann Tells of Mar-
keting-Beattie of Produc-
tion Problems in 1948 —
Dr. Chandler Reports
Briefly on Experiments —
Wisconsin Movies by
"Del" Hammond

Opening Plymouth County Club
meetings of the '48 season were
held at Rochester, January 27 and
Plymouth January 29, and even the
high-piled snow did not cut into
attendance too much. The suppers
which usually follow the meetings
were abandoned for January, how-
ever, because of the severe weather
conditions.

At Rochester Grange Hall, Direc-
tor J. T. Brown, Extension Service,
presided in the place of President
Nahum Morse, who was unable to
be present because of illness in his
family. Chairman at Plymouth was
Russell Loring.

First speaker was Cranberry
Specialist Beattie, who briefly out-
lined "Special Problems in 1948."
Root Grub is still the number one
pest on Plymouth County bogs, he
said, with other insect problems
being chiefly girdlers, fireworms
and, fruitworms. He said that in
Barnstable County there was plan-
ned a program to eradicate the
gypsy moth which, if it can be ac-
complished will be a great advance-
ment.

False Blossom Increasing

Of diseases, he said, false blos-
som is on the increase in the state
again and a campaign must be un-
djertaken. The spread of the disease
was shot forward during the war
by materials and help limitations

and now must be combatted once
more.

Concerning weeds, he said there
are excellent weed, charts prepared,
and that growers should possibly
better acquaint themselves with
various weeds so that they could
follow the recommendations of the
charts.

Turning to irrigation he told how
there could be a good deal more
done along this line. There are still
824 acres of dry bog in the state,
2,000 acres with only winter flow-
age and 1870 which have only about
one frost flow, or a total of some
4700 acres which should have better
irrigation facilities. He touched,
briefly on the "confused" problem
of fertilization and finally spoke of
the great advancements which were
being made in weather studies at
the East Wareham station, and
said these studies might have par-
ticular significance in controlling
some cranberry diseases.
M. L. Urann

Principal talk of the afternoon
was by Marcus L. Urann. head of
National Cranberry Association.
Reading from his diary, Mr. Urann
went back to the meeting of NCA
directors, August 20, 1947, to ex-
plain the National's stand, on prices
for the crop of 1947. It was decid-
ed, he said that the time of selling
most anything for most any price
had ended with the year 1946.
"People began to be more fussy as
to quality and especially as to
price. We sensed that shadow of
events at that time."

He continued, the industry had
really lost "grower control" in the
fall of 1946 with some .30 indepen-
dent processors in the market. This
control must be regained, he urged.
There had, been a swing from fresh
fruit to processed, but this swing
must not be permitted to develop
too rapidly, he said, NCA was try-
ing to prevent that. Last fall's crop
with the carry-over from '46 was
pi'actically a million-barrel crop to
be disposed of.

NCA expected to handle .350,000
barrels of the potential crop, he
went on, but actually handled,
.390,445.

He said, in setting the NCA pro-
cessed price he expected the inde-
pendents to cut prices, and they
did. He -said the directors wanted

Ocean Spray to sell for 19 cents,
and he had hoped the differential
between canned and fresh fruit
would not be too great. He said
NCA brought out the 12 ounce cel-
lophane pack which provided just
enough for one meal for four peo-
ple which was the average family.
He discussed the "Chicken 'n Cran-
berries" campaign which has a 10-
year objective of making this com-
bination as popular as turkey and
cranberries.

NCA expected to handle 50,000
barrels fresh of the '47 crop, but
actually handled some 51,000. He
said he believed a ten perc^ent
shrinkage had taken place in the
'47 crop and most of this had been
after the berries were in the mar-
ket, which was not good.

'48 Year of Decision

For his forecast into 1948, he
said this was "the year of decision."
The industry must have grow«r
control and. if it has this, growers
have no fear of disposing of a crop,
however large, at fair prices. He
said, NCA would have a carry over
each year of 100,000 bbls. 50,000 to
be sold during the spring by June
to keep cranberry sauce in the mar-
ket and 50,000 to start canning in
early fall to reach the early fall
market. He said with advance or-
ders now on the books NCA would
not have a large carry-over by the
time the next crop came in, but he
had made careful estimates and as
far as he could estimate there was
a 425,000 barrel carry over in
freezers and, cans into 1948 and so
in 1948 the crop will exceed a mil-
lion barrels to be disposed of.

In 1948 conditions will also be
less favorable than they have been
in the past few years. He said he
felt cranberries would not be ex-
ported to any extent to help the
European food situation as cran-
berries are a semi-luxury, but that
a thought might be given to that
source of outlet. "If we could cre-
ate a little demand overseas, even
though our own market has scarce-
ly been scratched, it would help
that much."

Dr. Chandler

Final speaker was Dr. F. B.
Chandler of the Cranberry Station,
who made a report on fertilizer
developments in 1947. He spoke

(Continued on Page 23)

Seven

CRANBERRIES CROW TODAY AT THE

FORMER DANIEL WEBSTER ESTATE

Although the Great American Orator Settling at Marshfield,
Massachusetts, Apparently Had No Thought of the
Culture, Bogs Were Built There and Are Operated by
Walton Hall Estate.

By CLARENCE J. HALL

History and cranberries are enticingly intermingled in the cranberry
bog property operated by the Walton Hall Estate at Marshfield, Massa-
chusetts. This location was the residence of Daniel Webster, 1832 to
1852. Managed by Lincoln Hall, son of the late Walton, and known as
the Walton Hall Est, this enterprise overlays the property of the great
American statesman and orator of the last century.
History and cranberries aie en-

ticingly intermingled in the cran-
berry bog property operated by the
Walton Hall Estate at Marshfield,
Massachusetts. This location was
the residence of Daniel Webster,
1832 to 1852. Managed by Lincoln
Hall, son of the late Walton, and
known as the Walton Hall Est.,
this enterprise overlays the prop-
erty of the great American states-
man and orator of the last century.
Webster acquired these broad
acres, on which was a big country
homestead, in 1832. Even before
Webster took over, these acres had
had. an interesting history, about
which more will be told a little lat-
er. It was not until 1886 that any
cranberry bog was built there, as
far as is known, and it is perhaps
safe to assume that the great
Daniel never had a thought of a
cranberry development on his prop-
erty. In his day he could look
across wide salt marshes toward,
the bay, a mile and a half away.
Now these marshes are cranberry
bog. Tall trees mostly obscure
the bay view.

Bogs on Marsh Reclaimed
from the Sea

These bogs are actually on land
which was reclaimed from the salt
marshes which Webster so admired
100 years ago. This reclamation
came about in 1870, when a group
of residents of Marshfield, who
owned a total of 1500 acres there,
had a dike built to hold out the
sea. The marsh was freshened.

There were no bogs in this area
at all in Webster's time, and as a
matter of fact, this present bog is
practic-ally at the northern limit of

f ichi

cranberry growing in Plymouth
County. If Daniel could rise today
from his grave on the hillside which
is the historic Winslow cemetery on
Webster street, he would look out
over about 100 acres of cranberry
vine. Near one of the Hall bogs
are the remains of a wharf whei'e
Webster kept his small boat which
often took him through the salt
marsh — now cranberry bog — to the
open bay for his salt water fishing
trips.

When Webster decided he want-
ed to make his home at Marshfield,,
he bought this property from mem-
bers of the Thomas family. His-
tory relates that William Thomas,
Gentleman, had been granted the
tract of about 1600 acres by the
General Court in 1640-41. It had
descended to his great-great-great-
grandson, one Nathaniel Ray
Thomas, who was a noted loyalist
at the time of the American Revo-
lution. There were other loyalists
in Marshfield, and at the request of
these loyalists a company of
<<Jueens Guards under Capt. Balfour
was sent to Marshfield for their
protection. They were quartered
on the estate of Nathaniel Ray,
which was later to become the
property of Webster. Nathaniel
Ray, as the Revolutionists became
victorious, fled, to Boston and later
to Nova Scotia, where he died in
1787.

Lincoln Hall, who is well versed
in Webster and other local history,
and who wrote an article in the
Marshfield booklet published at the
tercentenary celebration in July,
1940, "Daniel Webster as Marsh-
field. Knew Him", says that it very

LINCOLN HALL

nearly came to pass that the first
battle of the Revolution was fought
at this site, rather than at Lexing-
ton and Concord, when was fired
"the shot heard 'round the world".

It seems that plans had been
made by General John Thomas, a
Revolutionist and no relative of
Tory Nathaniel Ray. Thomas had
a regiment of militia and was pre-
pared to attack the guards quar-
tered at Nathaniel Ray's home,
one day before the battle of Lex-
ington. However, the word got
out that there was a cannon there,
and because of this single fact the
attack was not made.

Much of the estate of the Tory
Thomas was confiscated, but a por-
tion of it came into the possession
of his son John, who was not a
loyalist, and it was this portion
which was bought by Webster.
Webster Duplicated English
Estate at Marshfield

Born in Salisbury, New Hamp-
shire, and having studied law at
Dartmouth College and entered, the
legal profession in 1813, Webster
was elected to Congi'ess as a Fed-
eralist. He had set up law prac-
tice in Boston. In 1822 he was
elected to Congress from Boston
and in 1826 became a United States
Senator, later Secretary of State.

After he bought the Marshfield,
property he went to England,
where he visited great estates of
the English nobility. He appar-

ently came back with the idea of
duplicating such an estate in
Maishfield. He had artificial

ponds built, one of these of about
10 acres today being one of the re-
servoirs for one of the Hall bogs.

This was where he kept a small
boat called the "Lapwing", and he
gave orders to his foreman. Porter
Wright, that the American flag was
to be kept flying at the mast of
this boat, day and night, until he
died. He imported, llamas from
South America, and many birds
from foreign countries. He had
herds of pure-bred cattle. His
great cowbarn is now used as the
storage shed and screenhouse for
berries grown on the Webster farm.

It happened to be a rather bleak,
wintry day when your reporter vis-
ited the Daniel Webster bogs. Lin-
coln Hall was at work at the
screenhouse, formerly the Webster
cowbarn.

Mr. Hall proved to be a veritable
fountain-head of Daniel Webster
lore. He had facts and figures at
the tip of his tongue. His com-
ments— although there is no rela-
tionship between the Websters and
the Halls — were as fluent as if
they had come from the great ora-
tor himself. He has a humorous,
piquant touch to his remarks. As
a member of the New England
Cranberry Sales Company, Mr.
Hall has not always agreed with
all the policies of that co-opera-
tive. Although a loyal member,
other members have learned at
meetings that he expresses himself
sharply.

"If Webster Had Only Taken Up
Cranberry Growing — "

History records that Webster
died in debt. Hall's obsei'vation
was, "If he had only taken up cran-
berry growing, instead of being a
lawyer, this wouldn't have hap-
pened."
Halls Acquired Property in 1884

The Halls, that is, Walton Hall,
who died in 1927, bought the
Webster estate chiefly because he
was steeped in the tradition of
Webster and the neighborhood, and
was an ardent admirer of the great
man who came to make him home
in Marshfield. He got the proper-
ty in 1884 from Caroline Webster,
the widow of Fletcher, son of Dan-
iel. This was but a few years af-

DANIEL WEBSTER

ter she built the present big house
on the exact site of the old. Web-
ster home which was destroyed by
fire in 1878. With it were ac-
quired a good many of the original
possessions of Webster, together
with Webster's collection of butter-
flies, and, other pieces of furniture
which bore Webster's name. It
was only this past fall that many
of the items were divided among
members of the Hall family.

Walton Hall, remembered by
many of the older growers, partic-
ularly of Plymouth County, had
"pegged" shoes as a boy, as his
father before him had, been a mak-
er of shoes. Later he became in-
terested in textiles, and had mills
in Connecticut. He "did pretty
well for himself" in the mill busi-
ness, Lincoln says, and Lincoln
followed in his father's footsteps
by going into textiles himself. Af-
ter being grad.uated from Bates

College in Maine, Lincoln attended
New Bedford (Mass.) Textile
School. He saw service in the first
World War. Trained as an ac-
countant, he was assistant treas-
urer in the City Mills at New Bed-
ford from 1921 until 1930, when
the mills were liquidated. Not long
after the death of his father, he
became manager of the Walton
Hall Estate, a trust, and began to
operate the bogs at Marshfield and
was custodian of the Webster
place.

When Walton Hall had bought
the property, it consisted of about
160 acres, but this was later in-
erased to 1,000. Walton Hall built
130 acres of cranberry bog on the
reclaimed marsh land, 70 of which
were on adjacent land, not original-
ly owned by Webster. This prop-
erty was known as "Stump Mea-
d,ow". These bogs were all, it may
be repeated, upon the marsh re-

claimed from the sea, and Lincoln
Hall frankly admits this is not the
equal of good maple or cedar
swamp for growing cranberries.
It was mud bottom and. the salt is
still there below the surface on cer-
tain locations. Neither could the
bogs be built in the best grading
because of such bottom.

Lincoln Hall since his father's
death has completely rebuilt 40
acres, setting these to Early
Blacks. This was during the de-
pression of the '30s, and he says,
"It was about the only bright thing
I ever did in my life. Costs were
low, and growers don't believe me
when I tell them it didn't cost $500
an acre."

Walton Hall was one of the char-
ter members of New England Cran-
berry Sales Company, and was one
of the few in Massachusetts who
sold cranberries to the Chaneys
just before the formation of the
co-op. He was also a director.
Lincoln Hall has always retained
the membership in NECSCO.

Lincoln, besides operating the
Walton Hall estate, manages a bog
of nine acres owned by his wife.
The Halls live on Caswell street,
only a short distance from the
Webster place. That the Halls
should have bought the former
home of Webster is a rather logi-
cal development. The family has
been in this particular historic
community for upwards of three
centuries. Mr. and Mrs. Lincoln
Hall have two sons, both of whom
served three and a half years in
the war, and one daughter. The
sons are John, who is taking his
Ph. D. degree at the University of
Illinois under Dr. Neil E. Stevens,
head of the botany department,
and well-known to many cranberry
growers the country over, and
Styles V. The daughter is Barbara
Hall Coffin.

This location of the Halls and of
the Webster bog is old and historic
country, as age goes in America.
The fertile fields and wide meod.-
ows of Marshfield were a natural
atti'action to the first settlers who
moved out of adjacent Plymouth.
The first reference as to settle-
ment appears to have been as early
as 1632. The famous Governor
Winslow house is about midway be-
tween thi- Hall and. the Webster

places. It is in the immediate vi-
cinity that Harry Hornblower,
trained archeologist and treasurer
of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers'
Association has put in spare time
to make excavations studying Co-
lonist and Indian relics.

It is said. Webster visited Marsh-
field many times before he settled
there, often driving down from
Boston. He liked Marshfield for its
hunting and fishing, its agricul-
tural possibilities — here he could
combine all three interests.

Webster's little law oflice on the
estate escaped the fire which de-
stroyed his home. He undoubted-
ly roamed where the bogs now are
and possibly thought out some of
his great orations there, such as
perhaps his most famous — his re-
ply to Robert Haynes of South
Carolina, when the latter eloquent-
ly defended the idea of nullification
in the Senate. The peroration of
Webster's reply, closing with the
words, "Liberty, the Union, now
and forever, one and indivisible",
are still almost as venerated as
those of Lincoln's Gettysburg ad-
dress.

Webster's Last Speech
at Marshfield

The last public address of Web-
ster was made at Marshfield July
24, 1852, three months before his
death, when he stood in the open,
nearly on the lines dividing his es-
tate and the Winslows. He told
his friends and neighbors: "Many,
when they come down here through
these pine woods and. over these
sandy hills to see us, wonder what
drew Mr. Webster to Marshfield.
Gentlemen, I tell them it was part-
ly good sense, but more good for-
tune. I had got a pleasant spot.
I had lands about me diversified.
My fortune was to fall in with a
kind neighborhood. ... I had en-
tered, into a sort of well-understood
covenant that I could talk with
them of farming and fishing. . ."

But keen agriculturalist that
Webster was, there seems to be no
legend that he ever talked cran-
berry growing, or gave a thought
to the culture. Since he was lead-
ing the life of a country squire
from 1832, it is entii-ely possible
that he read the agricultural jour-
nals of the day, and from that time
on there wei-e many and frequent

references to the new idea of grow-
ing cranberries. He must have
read of Henry Hall and other be-
ginning cranberry growers. The
culture had begun on the Cape
then, and in Middlesex County, too,
but there was probably little talk
of it in that rather remote end of
Plymouth County. However, Web-
ster was a frequent visitor to the
inn at Sandwich on the Cape which
today bears his name. In the tap
room there, it seems he must have
heard mention of the experiments
which had begun on the Cape, at
Dennis and. elsewhere.

Webster never seems to have
made any eff'ort to get into this
new form of agriculture. Never-
theless, it has come about that his
old farm is now the site of cran-
berry growing, the project is named
in his honor, and a bronze tablet
to his memory stands in a stone
wall, not far from entrances to the
bogs.

18 GIs in Oregon
Cranberry School

The Cranberry School of Oregon,
given und.er the G-I Bill of Rights,
now has eighteen members. The
school opened the first of July,
1947, and now has five months to
go on the first of the two-year
course.

Jimmif Olson and Ray Bates are
the instructors. These men follow
a prescribed course as given in
other cranberry localities. They
also call in speakers in specialized
fields which pertain to the course.

Most of the G-Is are young mar-
ried men who have purchased land,
and have their plantings underway.

Let Us Handle

Your Power Needs

for Bog Pumps

International

and

Continental Red Seal

Industrial Engines

SALES and SERVICE

J. M. HACKETT

Tel. Rockland 1864

NO. HANOVER MASS.

Second Plymouth
Cranberry School

Second cranberry school session
for Plymouth County, conducted by
"Dick" Beattie, at the screenhouse
of Ellis D. Atwood, South Carver,
January 6th, brought out probably
the largest attendance yet, ap-
proximately 165, including the
learning cranberry gi-owers and
those of many years of experience.
There were youngsters and, gray
heads coming from considerable
distances in spite of snowy, icy
roads.

Opinions expi-essed at the conclu-
sion of the school were that this
was one of the most informative
held. Especially favored in this
comment was Walter E. Rowley,
engineer, of West Wareham, who
spoke upon the laying out of cran-
berry bogs. Mr. Rowley is a part-
ner, and. planned the lay-out of the
new bog at Middleboro which has
an eventual potential of 150 acres
and which was described in the ar-
ticle upon L. B. Handy in the Oc-
tober issue of CRANBERRIES.

The two other instructors were
Frank Butler of the Makepeace in-
terests, a cranberry man of many
years of experience, who spoke up-
on flumes, their construction and
dikes, and Ferris Waite of NCA.
who told briefly of the increasing
trend toward prefabricated flumes.
All three were worthwhile contri-
butions to cranberry information,
both for the new and experienced
growers.

Rowley

Mr. Rowley began by saying that
every bog presented an individual
problem and therefore he was giv-
ing no figures but was presenting a
general outline which could be ap-
plied to any location.

The first principle, he said, was
to know your own swamp; to get
a general menta] picture of the
whole layout. This could be ob-
tained by (1) walking around the
entire location; (2) by walking-
through it; (.3) very good addition-
al information could be obtained, in
this present day by flying over it.
He stressed that it was very im-
portant that each prospective
builder should have a clear, mental
picture of the entire situation.

"Get it fncussed in your mind."

When you have that, a topo-
graphical survey is desirable. This
should include (1) swamp and up-
land line; (2) location of hills; (3)
location of brooks, if any, the
width of these brooks and the
depth; (4) grade of swamp; (5)
the general features of the swamp,
type of growth upon it, depth and
type of mud (or peat), type of
hard bottom, the latter especially
near the shore.

Availability of Water

Then, he said, the availability of
water should be considered. He
said it might be possible the area
would take in two water sheds, and
the "divides" should, be known. As
concerns springs and brooks, he
said, the brooks would be of two
types, spring fed and those which
just take care of the run-off sur-
face water. The volume of flow
should be determined as far as pos-
sible, is the flow obstructed, flow
diverted and flow release. He said
the actual growth-bottom should be
studied,, trees, grass, depth and
closeness of the peat, or mud, clay,
sand. Rainfall should average
about four inches per month in the
Massachusetts cranberry area, he
said. The location of any nearby
ponds and rivers should be taken
into consideration.

Favored Upland Canals

As for flowage, gravity is con-
sidered by far the best method, if
this is possible. He said the build-
er should take advantage of any
physical features of the terrain
which would provide flowage at the
least construction cost. He men-
tioned dikes. He discussed distri-
bution of water to the planted
areas. He said he felt an upland
canal ai'ound the bogs is very sat-
isfactory and has many advan-
tages. The most common way in
Massachusetts, he said, is a main
ditch disposition. By this method
the ditch has to be deep enough and
wide enough to provide for any
freshets. Among the advantages
of the upland canal is that any bog
unit may be flowed at will.

He discussed sprinklers, pipe
lines, aqueducts and pumps. As to
the main ditch, he said, this should
be in the approximate center line
of the swamp, and it should be dug
to depth of maximum drainage.

and it sfiould be wide -enough to
distribute frost flow quicftly and to
take care of any freshets.

The location of the lateral ditches,
he continued, would be dependent
upon the bottom, for a peat bottom
from 150 to 200 feet apart; for a
close bottom, 60-75 feet apart. He
said ditches should be where
springs are. if there are any in the
bog.

Ditches should, be three feet or
more deep on hard pan, width two
feet, to 30 inches sloping to the
bottom.

Bench Marks Desirable

He stressed the importance of
establishing "'bench marks" in a
bog, this being a point from which
levels can be established. This
"bench mark" could be a mark in
a concrete flume, a mark in a boul-
der, a spike in the base of a stump.
He said the "breaks" of the prop-
erty should, be determined, that is,
divides in the way the water runs.
He said the grading should be done
within these breaks; this can be
done either by the water method,
familiar for many years, or by in-
strument.

He told, new builders they must
expect settlements in the bogs —
where old brooks and old ditches
had been filled in, and at stump
holes. He said fill should, be ade-
quate to allow for this. He pre-
ferred to crown the sections for
proper run-off' of water.

Many questions followed his talk,
showing that the school had fol-
lowed it closely, and this brought
out considerable additional infor-
mation.

Butler

Mr. Butler's talk was chiefly a
"technical" one, and he began by
saying he could only hit the high
spots with the time at his disposal.
Then, with illustrations and point-
er, he discussed, the three main
types of flumes: (1) wooden box
flumes; (2) reinforced concrete
flumes; (3) open flumes, the latter
most commonly in use, and which
have tremendous capacity.

"Get Flumes Low Enough"

He said he personally liked to
use concrete flumes, and the A. D.
Makepeace Company had. these in
size from less than one square
foot in opening to 55 square feet.

(Continued on Pase 17)

Eleven

MitMals

ISSUE OF FEBRUARY, 1948
Vol. 12 No. 10

'^

THE YEAR 1948 comes in with probably
greater concern and thought being
given to the proportion and marketing of
the crop of next fall than in a number of
years. M. L. Urann, who has been antic-
ipating when there will be the "million-
barrel" crop to dispose of, has told Massa-
chusetts growers next year's crop will "ex-
ceed 1,000,000." That figure, of course,
includes a carry-over in berries in cans and
frozen, which it seems may exceed that of
last year.

In addition to the large carry-over of
the past two years, there are beyond any
question going to be a lot more cranberries
grown each year in the immediate future.
The statement has been made that Wiscon-
sin production is to double in the next
decade. Even at this early stage of the
game, we hear of one prediction from that
state that present outlook is for a crop con-
siderably larger than last fall's 158,000.
As has been said before, acreage is swelling
in the Badger State, there is a lot of small,
"individual" acreage going in on the West
Coast. The increase in production in Ore-
gon and Washington may be relatively
small, but still it will raise the country to-
tal. There is some new and a lot of reno-
vated bog which will be bearing in Massa-
chusetts, and improvement is being made
in many Jersey properties. Modern equip-
ment, more scientilic knowledge and the
fact that growers everywhere are becom-
ing better growers, can only add up to
larger production.

This certainly raises the problem of
greater selling effort. Mr. Urann says the
trend is definitely toward preference for
canned cranberries. C. M. Chaney has
stated there would not have been such a
big carry-over if proper attention had been
paid by all factors to the fresh fruit market
last fall — cranberries which are not frozen
or canned and add to the carry-over could
have been disposed of fresh and out of the
way. There is a conflict of opinion here
and a conflict of effort. The two major
co-ops should make total crop disposal the
No. 1 objective, certainly with present
prospects.

There has been talk put forward, first
by Mr. Chaney of a "cranberry Institute"
which would promote disposal of cran-
berries by advertising without regard to
brand name, just as "cranberries." This
could supplement brand advertising, which

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS

Subscription $3.00 per year
Advertising rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS
Wisconsin

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington-Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY

Cranberry Specialist

Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK

Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN ■

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station i
East Wareham, Mass.
BERTRAM TOMLINSON !

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent j

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station

Peniberton, New Jersey

is desirable, too. In this plan, however,
there seems to be some regional jealousy
cropping up, even if the two co-ops and
independents could get together on such a
program.

With the spending spree of the country
in the fii'st flush of post-war having passed,
the cost of living at an all-time high, pen-
nies of necessity being watched closely by
nearly everybody, the cranberry industry
will be facing an increasing problem this
year.

IN the East, this has been the kind of win-
ter our grandfathers a"nd great-grand-
fathers talked about. The country-side,
buried in white snow, is doubtless beauti-
ful, but it's not good for this automobile
age, and the way life is today we can't
simply "hole up" while the thermometer
is zero and the roads are ice and snow.

FwaIvp

Mr. and Mrs. Ruel Gibbs of Massachusetts crowned "King arid Queen" in Arizona.

Mr. and Mrs. Ruel S. Gibbs of Wareham, Massa-husetts were crowned "King and Queen" of the cran-
berry world in an informal ceremony at the El Ran 'ho Corona in Tucson, Arizona, where they are spend-
ing the winter. The particular occasion was their 25th wedding anniversary. The party was given by Mr.
and Mrs. William W. Crone, who are shown with them. Guests included Mr. and Mrs. Roy Potter, cran-
berry growers of Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin. Gifts included, a silver dollar minted the year of their
marriage. (Photo Courtesy Tucson News Service.)

Thirteen

^

< o

i ourteen

Fifteen

Cranberry Queen
In "Own Rig-ht"—
Miss Jean Nash

We've heard a lot about "Cran-
berry Queens", but we are privi-
leged to carry this recent photo of
a cranberry queen "in her own
rig-ht", as Miss Jean Nash was
termed in a recent article in the
"Country Gentleman". Personally
operating the 74 acres of marsh of
the Biron Company, previously
headed by her father, the late Guy
Nash, Jean has earned that title
and also her recent election as
president of Wisconsin Cranberry
Sales Company — being the first
woman ever to lead a cranberry
co-op. Incidentally, she is a third
generation grower, her grand-
father, Thomas E. Nash, having
been one of the earlier Wisconsin
i;ioneers in 1876.

Miss Nash attends to cranberry
growing, from early morning to
late at night. It is only once a
year that she takes a relief from
the cranberry business when she
usually heads for Sun Valley, Ida-
ho— and skiing. Fond of most
athletic sports, and graduated from
LaCrosse as a physical director,
she likes the out-of-d.oors and lead-
ing the out-door life of an active
"cranberry queen".

Jr'hotu courLeay uf Wisconsin Rapids Daily Tribune

Cranberry Co-op News Wins an Award

Miss Louis Day, news editor of "Cranberry Co-operative
News" received an award in behalf of the news, awarded in the
1047 Massachusetts Industrial Publications contest, sponsored by
that organization and the Associated Industries of Massachusetts.

The News wa.^ among 71 entries of house organs published in
Massachusetts and was one of 17 winners. The contest is sponsox--
i d each year to encourage and. promote effective industrial joui'nal-
i.sm in company publications. Publications were rated for layout,
editorial content and accompulishment of purpose.

In the photo Miss Day is shown receiving the certificate of
award from Roy F. Williams, executive vice president of the Asso-
ciated Industries.

(Photo courtesy National Cranberry Association.)

Sixteen

PLYMOUTH SCHOOL

(Continued from Page 11)

Like the previous speaker, he
stressed the fact that it was de-
sirable to have a good bench line at
the flume. He said regarding
flumes to be sure to get them low
enough. "I have heard many
growers say a flume was too high,
but I have yet to hear one say a
flume has proven to be too low."

As concerns dikes, he spoke of
the advantages galore of a "driv-
ing" dike, if it is possible to build
one. He discussed the diggng of
the core and then methods of fill-
ing, these being: (1) wheelbar-
rows; (2) railroad and gas shovel;
(3) bulldozer; (4) tractor with a
scraper and truck. Of the various
methods he said, if practical, he
preferred to use a railroad. He
said the old style was to use turf
for the outside, but lately the
Makepeace Company had been us-
ing clear stones, and with this con-
struction he'd seen no wash, no re-
pairs, and no muskrats went
through.

In conclusion, he said, "Keep in
mind these are only one man's
ideas."

There was some discussion as to
ad,vantages of "blowing" the core,
rather than digging, and it was
mentioned that under some condi-
tions this might be preferable. The
discussion also brought out that the
best material for the core was a
loamy sand.

Mr. Waite

Mr. Waite, in speaking of the
coming into use of the prefabri-
cated flumes, said that many of the
ideas from cranberry operations
improvements have come from
within the industry, and this was
one. He said he felt three men
were most responsible for this de-
velopment— M. L. Urann, who sev-
eral years ago conceived the idea of
using a flume already prefabri-
cated, R. A. Trufant of North Car-
ver and Paul Whipple of Plymouth,
who carried the idea into actual
practice with adaptations and im-
provements. He discussed the dif-
ferent types now developed by
these two. (More information will
be given on these flumes in a sub-
sequent article.)

In concluding the meeting, J. T.
Brown, director of Plymouth Coun-

ty Extension Service, introduced
five ex-GIs who are now working
on soil conservation problems in
the county.

Third Plymouth
Cranberry School

Third cranberry school for Ply-
mouth County growers at the At-
wood screenhouse. South Carver,
the afternoon of January 20th,
continued the "building" of a
mythical cranberry bog. This dis-
cussion had been begun at the first
meeting, with Russell Makepeace
talking on the costs of bog build-
ing, "Joe" Kelley speaking upon
selection of a bog site, and George
E. Short discussing availability of
cranberry land. The second meet-
ing had seen Walter E. Rowley,
civil engineer, speak on the laying
out of a bog; Frank Butler tell of
flume and dike building, and Ferris
C. Waite tell of modern prefabri-
cated flumes.

Closing the course in the "build-
ing" of this bog for the GI or some
other grower were iGilbert T.
Beaton of the Beaton Distributing
Agency, who took the property and
sanded it and. set the vines. Carl
B. Urann, grower of long experi-
ence, who has renovated, or rebuilt,
"countless" bog acreage, gave a
sound talk on bog renovation. De-
spite the fact roads were heaped
high with snow, the attendance was
large, when Cranberry Extension
Specialist Beattie called the meet-
ing to order.

"Gibby" Beaton

Mr. Beaton said that assumedly
a good bog had been roughed in,
graded and was read.y for the sand-
ing and vine setting, and he hoped
he could continue the good work of
finishing a fine bog, "which I hope
will prod.uce a good crop in four
years." He brought with him sam-
ples of three types of soil, coarse
sand, fine sand and clay. The
coarse sand was the most desirable,
by far, he said, "sand that talks to
you". In the first sanding there
could, be quite large stones in it, in
considerable numbers, and it need
not be screened. This would be
sand of a good cement grade, he
said,. The finer sand is better for
re-sanding. "Then we come to
clay. If that is all you have

around your location, I'd forget
about building a bog there."

"Clay will grow a fine crop of
one thing," he said, "and that is
weeds."

He said that good, sand could be
trucked in and he would truck it
considerable distances, rather than
put on clay. "Of course, this
would add. greatly to the cost, as
sand trucking- is expensive."

In the "old days", he said 6 or 7
inches of sand was spread in this
first sanding, but now the trend
was down to 3 or 4 inches. This
might be due to the fact that there
isn't such heavy bottom being gen-
erally used today because good bog
land is getting scarce, altough it
is still available in places.

He estimated that 135 yards of
sand will cover one acre one inch
thick, and that to spread an acre
four inches deep will cost beween
S300 and $400. He discussed ways
of getting it on, stressing bog lo-
comotives and shovels. He said a
good job of grading can be done
with water, if it is done properly,
and instrument grading is of
course accurate. As had Mr. Row-
ley previously, he said he preferred
to keep the center of each section
high, so the water would run off,
and there will not be a puddle in the
middle of the section.

Getting down to vine setting, he
said the old style was for 14-inch
square spacing, but this is drop-
ping to 12 in general usage now.
"12 by 12 and. 1 in the center is
popular at present." For methods
of planting, he said broadcasting
followed by a coating of sand
brings the vines in fast but takes
more vines, and the bog would
have to be kept wet, which would
bring in more weeds.

A very favorable method, he
said, is that by mechanical setting,
such as that used by "Bob" Pierce,
(which was described and illus-
trated in October issue of CRAN-
BERRIES). This was by a con-
verted Ariens-Tiller. He said this
device which utilized broad.casting
and then pressing in the vines by
disks followed by spool rollers to
anchor them seemed to him a very
logical and satisfactory way of set-
ting out a bog. More vines were
used, but the cost of setting was
cut down. Vines last year cost |10

Seventeen

a barrel, and for hand set 10 bhls.
per acre were used, whereas tM
tiller method would take 15 or
more.

He said that in planting vines,
the vines should, be kept submerged
or moistened from the time they
are cut until planted, or they would
be too dry. This he considered im-
portant.

Again comparing the "old days"
with present trends, he said bogs
were mostly set on a 50-50 basis,
that is, Early Blacks and Howes,
with now and then some "odd" va-
rieties. Since canning came in.
the swing has been almost exclu-
sively to Blacks. "I am wonder-
ing seriously,' he continued, "if we
should not begin to swing back to
Howes more generally. Howes
bring more money in the Christmas
market, they are a good berry and
they weigh much more than Blacks,
and we are selling by weight now
to the canners.'

He said insects had to be con-
sidered once the bog was planted,
and he advised flowing as a means
of control. Weeds should be con-
sidered very seriously the first two
years, probably especially the sec-
ond year more than the first.

New bog should be flowed early
in the winter, he said, so the vines
would be heaved out, and the wa-
ter kept on until late spring.
He said, his custom was to pull the
water off about April 1 for a
"breather" and then reflow until
June first, which was what he

called a "late water bog."

An extended question and answer
peiiod considered, a number of in-
teresting factors. One was, should
a new bog be fertilized, or in fact
any bog. Mr. Beaton was in favor
of fertilizer on hard bottom, and
fertilizer helped in bare spots, but
he had, "rather see a vine come
along on its own", if possible. Dr.
F. B. Chandler agreed that prob-
ably most bogs did not need fer-
tilizer. Another factor brought up
was the increasing use of old and
well-rotted sawdust to fill in spots
of old bogs to be renovated. This
is a substitute for peat, as good
peat is getting scarce; it is a very
satisfactory substitute, as experi-
ments are apparently proving.
Another topic was planting through
paper to keep the weeds down. By
this method some use a resin paper
through which the vines are pushed
and, then sand is spread. It was
generally agreed this keeps down
perennial weeds, but not so the
annuals.

Bogs Cost S.3,000 to .S.S.SOO

In conclusion and in later dis-
cussion by Mr. Urann and otha-s, a
conclusion seemed to be reached,
that the cost of building a bo:^ to
the period of vines set was be-
tween 83,000 and S3,500 in Massa-
chusetts, which took in no account
of further expenses until the bog-
came in the fourth year, nor of
.=creen house facilities, also of
pumping facilities. These might
bring the cost of a bearing bog up

to S4.000. it seemed to be agreed.
Carl Urann

Mr. Urann said there were many
methods of rebuilding old bog.
First he considered restoring bare
spots, due to weeds or other causes.
For small spots, he said the best
method was with shovels and wheel
barrows, and, the process to be that,
of "turning upside down the bogf
soil". That is, to dig a hole and'
take the top from another area and
put that in the bottom of the hole —
to simply reverse the positions of 1
the top and bottom soils. In wide
areas to be rebuilt, he said the same
process could be carried oh, but in
this bigger operation clam shell
shovels would be the things to use. .
"Turn your bog over by mechanical |
means, rather than manual labor." '•
He said the United Cape Cod )
Cranberry Company, of which he ]
is president, had. used Roto-tillers i
with good success, and also bull- '
dozers and tractors. He said on I
one bog 18 inches of sand were ]
found and this was Roto-tilled to a ,■
depth of about 8 inches, no bottom i
being found. After the tilling,
400 pounds of fertilizer to the acre
were used and then two inches of j
sand spread and the vines set. He i
?a!d this method has done as well
as anything he ever tried, and ber-
ries liad. been picked the second
year. Ploughing was another
method of rebuilding worn-out bog,
and also disk harrows. He said he
liked the "double set" method for j
setting vines, provided the bottom '.

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duster, a concentrate applicator or to apply mixed
concentrate or dust. A medium velocity fan creates a
120 m.p.h. airstream which picks up the dust or
concentrate and discharges it onto the bog. When
liquids ore employed, nozzles at the blower outlet
break the solution into fine particles. Two models are
available with a single or a double blower. Either
model is available in skid mount or wheel mounted.
Investigate the advantages of a MIST-DUSTER. See
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DIVISION OF FOOD MACHINERY CORPORATION

LANSING 4/

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was not too rich. If it is, there
will be too much vine growth.

Asked how much he would spend
for rebuilding bog, Mr. Urann said
he didn't see why just as much
shouldn't be spent as in building
new bog, if necessary, and he
wouldn't hesitate in the least at
spending $2,000 an acre.

tinued the second and fourth Tues-
days of each month this spring.

CCCGA MEETING-
EXHIBIT APRIL 21

Cape Cranberry
Schools In Session

Cape Cod Cranberry School, con-
ducted by Barnstable County Agent
Bertram Tomlinson, opened Tues-
day evening, January 13, and the
second, Tuesday evening, January
27. Good attendance was present
at both, including a number of GIs.

The program had no formal
speaking program, but consisted of
a series of prepared questions from
the floor, with answers. There
were also, of course, many spon-
taneous questions brought up.

Cranberry Specialist " Dick "
Beattie was present, accompanied
by "Joe" Kelley at the first meet-
ing, when the topics were "Winter
Flooding", "Spring Practices" and
"'Sanding". The second was Beat-
tie again, with Frank Butler of
Wareham, and the topic was
"Flumes and Reservoirs", similar
to that at the Plymouth County
School. The meetings will be con-

Directors of Cape Cod Cran-
berry Growers' Association met at
the State Experiment Station,
February 4 and made plans to hold
the spring meeting of the associ-
ation April 21. This will be sim-
ilar to the trade exhibition which
proved so popular last year. Pres-
ident Russell Makepeace announces.
More definite plans will be made
at another meeting of the board,
March 15.

SCOOPS

and

SCREENINGS

While the East and midwest
were struggling through snow
and trying to keep warm during
the first part of January, there
came this enticing report from
Bandon's "Western World", telling
of the weather in the Southeastern
Oregon cranberry area:

"Communities on the Oregon
Coast, at least the Bandon area
of Coos County, have been enjoy-
ing uncommonly mild winter
weather. There have been no kill-
ing frosts, and numerous flowers

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are in bloom, some from late fall
and some from early spring. At
the same time (Jan. 8) a number
of fresh vegetables are still being
taken from the gardens.

"A cursory survey of gardens in
Bandon and surroundings finds in |
bloom the following: calla lilies,
grape hyacinths, primroses, nar-
cissi, snapdxagons, heather, snow-
flakes, yellow marigolds, domestic
azaleas and pansies."

(Editor's Note— Bah? But they!
can't have fun throwing snowballs
like we can.)

"'Del" Hammond, General Man-
ager Wisconsin Cranberry Sales
Company, and Marge Hammond
visited Massachusetts in late Jan-
uary, arriving at Wareham, Jan.
23. They drove east, encountering
plenty of snow, after reaching the
New York state line. Cape Cod
native that he is, and after not
being phased by Wisconsin Rapid.'s
50 below zero of a few days before
he left, Del's teeth were chattering
at a mere 20 above at the State
Bog, East Wareham. Like all
Westerners, he said, "It's the
dampness, it's the dampness". Give
me Wisconsin's 38 to 50 below,
dry cold," (Editor's Note, again: „
"We'll still take Cape Cod zero to j
20 above).

^K * * * *

Out on the Long Beach Penin-
sula in Washington during Jan-
uary there was a landscaping tour i
by the Extension Service specialist
in ornamental horticulture. The I
tour was sponsored by a garden
club and. the Kiwanis club. Such
a tour may be O. K. for the Pa-
cic northwest at that time of the
.year, but scarcely for New Eng-
land, New Jersey or Wisconsin.

As growers are now much inter-
ested in chemicals — chiefly agri-
culture— it may be interesting to
pass along the "Filler Facts" in-
formation put out by University of
Massachusetts, that New Eng-
land's first chemical industry —
namely brewing — was established ;
in 1620 simultaneously with the f
landing of the Pilgrims.

From Wisconsin Cranberry Sales
Company comes the story of a ,
member who says he would like to '
call his cranberry property some-
thing different than "bog" (East-
ern designation), "marsh" (Wis- '

Twenty

consin) or "plantation." He had
thought of "cranberry fen." Del
Ilanimond took the trouble to look
into the dictionary for definition
of "fen" and found it meant low,
marshy land, or a marsh, and
that on it grows in some areas a
berry called "fenberry, or cran-
berry." So "'cranberry fen"
seems quite appopriate and in fact
we seem to recall reading some-
where that that has been an Eng-
lish definition for land where wild
cranberries grew.

MASS. SUNSHINE LOW

Sunshine at Boston, Massachu-
sstts, wais but 124 hours for the
month of January as compared to
a normal of 143. This 19-hour de-
ficiency would have been much

Patronize

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Advertisers

CRANBERRIES

The National
Cranberry Magazine

greater except for the last six days
of the month, when 40 hours were
"made up."

JERSEY CRANBERRY
GROWERS ANNUAL MEETING
Annual meeting of American
Cranberry Growers' Association

was held at Walt Whitman hotel,
Camden, New Jersey, January 31,
when a very interesting program
was given. A more detailed ac-
count is expected to be given next
month, and also of the annual blue-
berry growers' meeting at Pem-
berton.

THOMAS BROTHERS
General Contractors

MIDDLEBORO. M.\SS.

Tel. Midcleboro 772

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^ YARMOUTH

Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries Tei. Barnstable 107

Twentv-onr

I

Ray Bates Ag-ain
Heads Coos Co-op

Bandon, Ore. — The Coos-Cran-
berry Co-operative met on Satur-
day evening, January 9, at Masonic
hall, for the annual meeting. The
officers elected for the ensuing year
are: Ray Bates, reelected presi-
dent; Kennedy Baker, vice-presi-
dent to replace A. B. Woodworth;
Elmer Gant, secretary-treasurer;

direitors, Charles St. Sure and Ray-
mond Wilson.

The remainder of the evening
was given over to discussion of the
marketing conditions and other
matters of importance.

"Cranberry World"
Wins Third Prize

Blueberry Growers
Of Mass. Meet

New Publication by ACE
Given Award by National
Council of Farmer Coop-
eratives.

"CRANBERRIES-

ADVERTISING

PAYS BIG

DIVIDENDS!

Reasonable

Rates

on Request

Cranberry Bogs
Bought and Sold

on Cape Cod

ROBERT R. LARK IN
Realtor

West Harwich, Mass.

Tel. Har. 504-W

Fourth annual meeting of the
Southeastern Massachusetts Blue-
berry Growers Association was
held at East Wai'eham, January
26, Alphonse Dahleen being elected
president to succeed G. T. Beaton.
Walton Truran, Jr. was chosen vice
president, Mrs. Mabel Kelley sec-
retary and treasurer, Lyman Mc-
Kenna and George Briggs, direc-
tors.

Forty-seven members and guests
were present at the supper and
meeting held at Wareham's Coffee
Shoppe. J. Richard Beattie intro-
duced the principal speaker. Prof.
W. H. Thies of Massachusetts Uni-
versity. Prof. John S. Bailey also
spoke and, C. D. Hammond, Jr.,
meeting is to be in March.

The "Cranberry World" has i-un
off with third prize in the national
competition among publications of
farmer cooperatives. The prize
was awarded by the National
Council of Farmer Cooperatives at
its recent convention at Chicago.
Five hundred publications were eli-
gible.

"Cranberry World" is published
by the American Cranberry Ex-
change.

A monthly publication only 14
issues old at the time of the award,
the "Cranberry World" competed
with older, more elaborate publica-
tions. The prize was awarded for i
a combination of devotion to the
interest of the publishers, to the
cooperative movement, and the
members.

Said C. M. Chaney, Exchange
general manager, "We are sur-

The New England Cranberry Sales Company

is a cranberry growers' organization, governed by growers, all of whose
votes are equal in determining the policies of the Company.

The Growers' Service Department, operated for the benefit of

members during the past five years, is steadily increasing in value to
growers. It is now managing properties for grower-member, distrib-
uting bog supplies, and assisting generally in all types of bog work.

The New England Cranberry Sales Company offers a complete ser-
vice to its members in the production, packing and marketing of their
cranberry crops.

Eatmor
Cranberries

9 Station Street

Middleboro, Mass.

Twenty-two

prised and pleased to win this
prize. We were not out to win a
prize, but to keep our members
better informed, to substitute fact
for rumor. We wanted to interest
growers, their wives and families.
We wanted them to know more
about their cooperative, and we
w-anted them to have the latest in-
formation on cranberry growing.
If we deserve a prize for this ef-
fort, I am proud, to accept it."

Necsco to Hold
Regional Meetings

New England Cranberry Sales
Company is planning a program of
meetings in the several Massachu-
setts districts, to be arranged un-
der the auspices of the Contact
Committee of the company. These
will be night meetings, beginning
with a supper at 6 o'clock. All
members are invited to attend and
to bring other growers who might
be interested in discussing cran-
beri-y matters, with special refer-
ence to the methods and policies of
the co-op. The first meeting was
scheduled for February 5 at Mid-
dleboro.

PLYMOUTH MEETING

(Continued from Page 7)

briefly, saying there had not yet
been time enough to make any de-
finite determinations. He said his
job was to study cranberry prob-
lems from the "surface of the
ground down." He has formal pro-
jects involving soil studies and
water problems. He had set out
253 fertilizer plots and was study-
ing the nitrate, phosphoi-us and po-
tash actions. Also he was working
to some extent upon five minor
elements.

"As only one year has gone by, it
would be very foolish of me to try
to tell you any definite conclusions
as yet," he said. He did point out
that some of the minor elements
might prove to be useful in disease
control, and that there was a trend
developing that phosphorus might
possibly be used to cut down berry
rot. He said this looked hopeful
and he was to continue this study.

Introduced at the Rochester
meeting by Mr. Brown was Harold
Woodwood, associate county agent

of Bristol County, the latter saying
that as cranberry growing was in-
creasing in his county, extension
service was to begin a program to
aid. that industry. John Mott, of
soil conservation was also intro-
duced by Mr. Brown, and in conclu-
sion Brown spoke earnestly of the
importance of better soil conserva-
tion in the future as so much of
the country's top soil is already de-
pleted.

Concluding feature of both meet-
ings was the showing of colored
moving pictures of general Wiscon-
sin marsh scenes by "Del" Ham-
mond, general manager Wisconsin
Cranberry Sales Company. Grow-

ers found these pictures, with Ham-
mond's comments extremely infor-
mative.

Mr. Urann Speaks
At First Cape
Club Meeting

First Cape Cod. Club meetings
were held at Bruce hall, Cotuit,
with supper, January 5, and at
Carleton hall, Dennis, with supper,
January 8. M. L. Urann was the
principal speaker, who told of mar-
keting conditions in 1947 and a
forecast into 1948, as he did later

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Twenty- three

before the Plymouth County grow-
ers.

Miss Ellen Stillman spoke on the
NCA advertising program; H. Gor-
don Mann on sales; and Ferris
Waite, growers' relations, was also
called upon.

The meetings were called by
County Agent Bertram Tomlinson,
and a sound film was shown. It
"was a story of wild life and its
conservation, and showed this tied
in with soil conservation.

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Fresh from the Fields

(Continued from Page 5)

Blueberry Meetings

On January 19, 20 and. 22, meet-
ings were called in the three blue-
berry counties by Dan Kensler,
Burlington County Agent; Dick
Hartman, Ocean County Agent;
and John Brockett, Atlantic Coun-
ty Agent, in the order given, to
discuss blueberry insect and dis-
ease control and provide the grow-
ers with advance information on
proposed changes in the control
program for the coming season.
W. E. Tomlinson, Jr., discussed in-
sect control problems and answered
questions fi'om the floor. C. A.
Doehlert answered questions on
blueberry pi'oblems in general.

A similar series of meetings will
be held in February to review the
Cranberry Chart with discussions
of changes proposed for 1948. The
Burlington and Atlantic County
growers will meet February 19 at
Pemberton. The date for the
Ocean County meeting will be set
in the near future.

Research Associate

Philip E. Marucci resigned as
holder of the F. V. Coville Fellow-
ship on December 31, 1947, and. has
accepted a full time position as Re-
search Associate at the Cranberry
and Blueberry Research Labora-
tory. He will devote most of his
time on blueberr.v virus vector
problems.

J. Newton Clevenger Dies

On December 30, 1947, J. New-
ton Clevenger, one of New Jersey's
oldest active cranberry growers,
died at the apre of 80. The owner
of extensive cranberry acreage., i.i
the Sheep Pen Hill section of Pem-
berton, he was active in the man-
agement of his property until a
very short time before his death.

WASHINGTON

There has been considerable ac-
tivity in the cranberry bogs this
winter. The winter has been very
mild with comparatively few frosts,
but much rain and, quite a bit of
wind of the 60-mile type.

Among the recent bog purchases
has been the purchase of the old
Dr. Paul marsh and the Alger
marsh from the Patterson brothers
by Ostgard. and Sundberg. The lat-

ter have started improving these
properties. Ted Holway, a prom-
inent oyster man from Oysterville,
has purchased, the old Henderson
marsh, which had been neglected
since the death of Mr. Henderson.
Holway has a crew clearing up and

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has dug a .sump hole to supply wa-
ter for a sprinkler system.
Personals

Dr. D. J. Crowley attended the
annual Western Spray conference
at Portland., Oregon, from January
19th to 23rd. He also attended the
annual Experiment Station confer-
ence at Pullman, the first week in
February.

Dr. J. Harold Clark has returned
from a visit to Washington, New
Jersey and Chicago.

Joe Alexson has resigned as fore-
man for the Cranguyma Farms
project and. is building a new home
and getting land ready for cran-
ben'y planting in the spring.

Mr. and Mrs. Jim Olson of Ban-
dan, Oregon, visited Long Beach
and the cranberry station in early
Januai-y.

Long Beach Club

The Long Beach Cranberry Club
held, its installation of officers Jan-
uary 9th. The officers are Al Sund-
berg, president; Elwell Chabot.
vice-president; Mrs. W. C. Morton,
secretary, and Mrs. Don Tilden,
treasurer.

OREGON

Southwest Oregon is a hotbed of
inventive genius, or so it seems
judging from the wide variety of
mechanical gadgets that have been
constructed the past two or three
years.

Four or five men have built me-
chanical planters that give promise
of developing into worthwhile time
savers. With these new planters,
built on the order of a farm disc,
planting costs from SlOO to S150
an acre with plants furnished.
However, it takes from 1000 to
1500 pounds of prunings to plant
an acre. Fairly reliable reports
claim that it costs about flOOO to
construct a planting machine.

Advocates of hand planting are
paying 50 cents a pound for sheet-
ed, and tied vines, and using but 300
to 350 pounds to the acre.

Another gadget that gives hope
to growers is a new barrel like af-
fair used in splashing the bei-ries
from the vines. With this ma-
chine, one man can harvest an acre
in a day. The berries are only
suitable for canning, although ex-
to promote more cranberry re-
search work by the USDA. The

perimenters claim very little dam-
age to the vines or berries. There
should be some improvements in
this machine by next harvest.

Frank Zorn has developed a wa-
ter picker that he has used vnth
success for several past seasons.
He built five of these, and is work-
ing to make it popular with those
who water pick.

Club for More USDA Research
The Southwest Oregon Cranber-
ry club is staunchly behind a plan

club is working with the Washing-
ton club in keeping this subject be-
fore the proper authorities. It is
believed that the industry will only
reach its greatest possibilities
through continued research and ex-
perimentation.

The annual meeting of the South-
west Oregon Cranberry club will be
held in February. New Officers
will be elected and. tentative plans
for the year will be discussed.

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

17 Court St.
Plymouth, Mass.

BOG MANAGEMENT

Tels

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Kingston 319

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pacity 500 G.P.M. at 120 lbs. pressure
to 850 G.P.M. at 75 lbs. pressure.
Electric Starter and EXHAUST TYPE
SELF PRIMER. Hundreds of these
units are now giving an excellent

accjunt of themselves on all types of

I y^ ^^B^^/^^SK^^^F'JItf^^^^l^l^ farms. We ourselves use one to pump
^'■-»~ .-.^^M^ma^^^K imf J^^Kf^ water up an 80 ft. hill and through

a mile of Flex-0-Seal pipe to operate
a 1200 ft. sprinkler line. These units
have been in storage and were oper-

^*iQfi ^^'^'i^Hl^Sttfl^'y* ^^^^ °"'^' ^**^ periodic testing. They

^yOUfJ ^^^fff^lf^ ^^ are thoroughly serviced and checked

for performance at our own testing
pond before shipping. We have en-
tirely avoided any uncertainty on condition and performance in this way.
For "sale at less than half original cost. Many of best operated farms in New
England have taken advantage of their availability to secure a number of
these units. Battery extra.

Trailer Models with two suction Hoses $490

We have installed both high and low pressure equipment on Cranberry
bogs in Cape Cod area.

LITERATURE — PRICES — BOG ESTIMATES — LAYOUTS
AT NO OBLIGATION

VEG-ACRE^FARMS-IRRIGATION DIVISION

FORESTDALE, CAPE COD, MASS. Phone Osterville 719

Twentv-fivp

The annual cianbeiry tour will
be held in August, exact dates to
be established later in the season.
Oregonians who attended the
Washington Field Day of 1947 are
still starry eyed when they tell of
the wonderful time they had. Ore-
gonians hope to return that gener-
ous hospitality and make the Au-
gust tour something to be remem-
bered.

July 23 to 27, which was very un-
usual. Rain came again the midd-
dle of August and September 6 to
8. On September 11 temperature
went to 87 degrees. It rained Oc-

tober 8-10, also October 14-20,
leally heavy storms which inter-
fered, with all harvest operations.
The total rainfall for the month of
October was 14.8 inches, as corn-

High Lights of the
Past Harvest Season

Most growers went slightly un-
der their "wishtimate" for produc-
tion, although Oregon as a whole
was 2000 barrels above the 1946
record. This was due largely to
new marshes coming into produc-
tion.

Oregon had rain along the coast

BEES

RENTALS

JOHN VANdePOELE

West Abington, Mass.

Colley
Cranberry
Company

Plymouth, Mass.

Office
17 Court Street

Telephone
Plymouth 1622

Increase yields with SKINNER controlled irrigation

Waters Large Areas Uniformly ....

"SKINNER", the pioneer and leader in
irrigation for more than half a century, has
designed these sprinklers for your specific
use — a glance at the table below tells the
story better than words. "SKINNER"
equipment is quality equipment. Quality
means dependability — durability — effic-
iency. Better write us for complete de-
tails today.

THE SKINNER IRRIGATION CO.

150 Water St., TROY, OHIO

Catalog No.

Controlled

Power

Main

Nozile

Inch

G. P. M.

Diam. of

in
Uniform

Coverage
feet

Total

CP-1

5/16

30.00

145

162

32.30

150

168

34.50

155

173

36.80

160

178

37.50

165

182

Lon? Ran^e Utility Sprinkler

Catalog
No.

Main

Nozzle
Size

Lbs. Pres-
sure at
Sprinkler

G.P.M.

Diam. of
Coverage

Diam. of
Uniform
Coverage

LR-3
3" Inlet

1"

80

90

100

300
320
340

325
330
340

300
305
310

Other sizes available in both Sprinklers. Write.

Twenty-six

pared to the 45 year average of
4.35 inches.

These unusual weather conditions
sontributed to the production of
tender berries, making it necessary
to can more than ordinarily canned
an the coast.

The two National Co-operatives
handled the marketing of the ber-
ries. Both did a good job with
berries produced under unfavorable
weather conditions.

borhood. The subject is controver-
sial among growers which may
have resulted from the many sets
of cii'cumstances involved.

However, here are a few of the

more pertinent practices to allevi-
ate oxygen deficiency. Bogs should
be flooded as shallowly and for as
short a time as possible, accord-
ing to Dr. Bergman. Oxygen defi-

Heavy weather and flood condi-
tions in Oregon during January did
not affect cranbeiTy growers.

BEATTIE

(Continued from Page 4)

A brief summary of the more im-
portant points resulting from ex-
periments and observations of the
staff at the Cranberry Station, par-
ticularly Dr. Bergman's seem in
order. First, let's be sure that we
know our own property as
thoroughly as possible. What ap-
plies to one bog apparently doesn't
always work in the same fashion
for others even in the same neigh-

Cranberry Growers

Please do not wait until the hole is dug to order your flumes.
Prefabricated means we build them for you, you just install them.
Give us time to do your work.

Flumes — Prefabricated

Sliding Gate Reservoir Flumes — the kind that let you sleep on
frosty nights.

Dog-leg Reservoir Flumes — for Oxygen Enrichment.
Flashboard-type Lower Flumes — for close regulation of water
levels.
With Armco Pipe

Long Lengths — few joints — easy to handle.

Galvanized, asbestos bonded, completely coated, with a pavea

bottom to take the weai.

And No Spiling

Instead, on short pipes, reservoir flumes, or where eels and
muskrats are bad, use a corrugated-iron seepwall collar, ex-
tending two feet above, below, and both sides of pipe.

Assembled in a few hours

Excavating and backfilling your chief problem.

No Settlement

Except as the whole dike settles, even on the softest bottom.

R. A. TRUFANT Hydraulic Consultant

Tel. Carver 64-11 - Bog Railroads For Sale or Rent - North Carver, Mass.

FREDERICK V. LAWRENCE, Inc.

Construction - Manufacturing - Building Materials

Main Office— Falmouth, Tel. FAL 613 Hyannis, Tel. HY 300

New Plant Location — Wareham

OPENING SOON !

SEE NEXT ISSUE FOR SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENT TO THE

CRANBERRY OWNERS

SPECIALIZED CONSTRUCTION SERVICE

AND BUILDING SUPPLIES AT WAREHAM PLANT

Twenty- seven

-iency is more apt to occur under
a deep flood when conditions be-
come unfavorable for photosyn-
thesis. The time for putting on the
winter flood will vary with weather
conditions, but he urges growers to
delay this flooding as long as con-
ditions will permit (avoid high
winds occurring when temper-
atures are low). Incidentally,
those who delayed their winter
flooding long enough to realize the
benefits of the heavy December
snows have no oxygen problem to
contend with and are apparently in
very favorable condition at pres-
ent. Now we come to the final
point, the rather delicate matter fo
when to withdraw the winter flood.
This is where the careful sampling
of the water and accui'ate deter-
mination of the dissolved oxygen
content comes into the picture. As
has been stated many times, when
this dissolved oxygen content reads
as low as 4 cc. per liter, it's time
to seriously consider the immediate
withdrawal of the water. Again,
this is assuming that you have
plenty of water for a reflow should
it be necessary. One further pre-
caution— if it seems advisable to
withdraw the winter flood. Dr.
Bergman suggests that it be with-
drawn well down into the ditches,
particularly if the bog is out of
grad.e, in order to avoid any "pock-
ets" of oxygen-depleted water
which might not drain off.

Since many growers aren't in a
position to take samples and make
the oxygen determinations, it
might be well to list the service
available. The two cooperatives,
plus one or two of the other cran-
berry marketing agencies, are per-
forming this service for their mem-
bers. For those who would like to
take their own samples, equipment
is available at the Cranberry Sta-
tion as well as instructions in the
proper technique.

As a final point, your attention
is called to some of the bulletins
or publications available on this

subject which may be tucked, away
in your files, or may be obtained
by contacting your County Exten-
tion Services in Barnstable, Bristol,
and Plymouth counties. Reference
is made to Mass. Bulletin No. 402
entitled, "Weather in Cranberry
Culture", written by Drs. Bergman,
Franklin, and Stevens. The actual
sampling technique and method for
making the analysis is outlined, in

a mimeographed publication pre-
pared by Dr. Bergman entitled
"Directions for Taking and Titrat-
ing Water Samples for the Detei
mination of Dissolved Oxygen.'
There is also a recent article that
appeared in The National Cran-
berry Magazine by Dr. Bergman, in
the March, 1946, issue, page 21, en-
titled "Oxygen Deficiency in the
Winter Flood of Cranberry Bogs."

iTJTJTPwrrww'-

TILLER ii#w

u>

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# Full hofsepowrer motor
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# Positive action, multt-
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M:IH.'M.<.|.',IJ:»,'L'«W:|;lim.l.'K'.'7n

Take Advantage

of the Many Advantages

of ELECTRICITY

in Your Cranberry Work
in Your Home

Plymouth County Electric Co.

WAREHAM

Tel. 200

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 1300

Beaton's Distributing Agency

NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS
of

for over a quarter century
in United States and Canada

Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 130 or 970

Twenty-eight

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INC.

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Represented hi/

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WAREHAM, MASS.

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delicious, clear-jellied

Only fine quality cranberries,
sugar and water go into MIN-OT'S
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How Many Ways
Can You Sell Cranberries

1? 2? 3? 4? 5? 6?

There are many ways to sell cranberries — in quarter-barrel boxes,
cans, jars, and sparkling one-pound cellophane bags.

According to the members of the American Cranberry Exchange,
the important thing is to sell them well. To do this one thing the Ex-
change can take advantage of the many ways to sell cranberries for its
members.

Selling cranberries well requires:
•^ advertising
■^ merchandising

The story of our advertising is well known — an effective, hard-
selling campaign designed anew each year.

Great attention will be paid in the months ahead to plans for ad-
vertising and merchandising EATMOR cranberries next season.

You benefit from over 40 years of progressive thinking about cran-
berry growing and selling as a member of

The American Cranberry Exchange, Inc.

The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative
'i
"U. S. Department of Agriculture License No. 1."

Marketers of

Eatmor
Cranberries

Ch

icago

New York

RVINC A $12,000,000 A YEAR INDUblKY

APE COD
lEW JERSEY
WISCONSIN
OREGON
WASHINGTON

"BUFF", Famed N. E. Broadcaster, "Plues" Cranberries

30 Cents

March, 1948

I

DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREHAM 162

S. G. M. Packard & Go.

Hardware — Locksmiths
For Maintenance Supplies

Advertising

in

CRANBERRIES
Magazine

•

IS

read

throughout

the

CRANBERRY

INDUSTRY

YOU are reading

this — others

will read your

ad

H. R. Bailey Co.

South Carver
Massachusetts

WISCONSIN AIR

Marinette &
Menominee Box Co.

Marinette, Wisconsin

COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.
in stock

BOXES. BOX SHOOKS, CRATING
WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES

M & M's 64th Year

S*rvln( th* WUceuin
Cranberry Grow«ra

Morris April Bros.

Bridgeton - Tuckahoe
New Jersey

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

Extensive Experience in
EI.F.CTRICAL WORK

At Seraanhousaa, Boaa aad
Pumpa Maana SatliTactiaa

ALFRED PAPPl

WAMEHAM, MASS. Tal. «!•

USE DYNAMITE

The modem way to re-
move stumps, excavate
rocks, DIG CORES FOR
DIKES, and other blasting
work in cranberry grovi^ing.
Speeds up work — reduces costs.
CONSULT WITH US ON ANY
WORK YOU ARE PLANNING.
Trained by Hercules Powder Co.

Edwin K. Greer Co.

WAREHAM, MASS.
Est. 1891 Tel. Wareham 108

PIONEERS RETAILERS OF
BUILDING MATERIALS

CATERING To The CRANBERRY
INDUSTRY

LUMBER DRAIN PIPE

WOOD PRESERVERS BOLTS

TOOLS

Wood
County
National
Bank

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

MKMBKR FBDKRAL DBFOVIT
INIURANCK COnPORATION

ALTON J. SMITH

High St., Hanson, Mass.

Tel. Bryantville 209-R-3

SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY

ADAMS & GOULD

Lumber Dealers

"Everything Under Cover"

East Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 648

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Paints - Hardware

Attention
Cranberry
Growers ! !

We have

Drain Pipe

Large Sized Terra Cotta
Makes a Permanent Installation

RALPH W. ELLIOT

Sandwich Rd., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 794

Mail Address: Buzzards Bay, RFD

Plumbioff and Heating Service

KROP-SAVER

brand

INSECTICIDES
FUNGICIDES

For the Cranberry Grower

CROP-SAVER
CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc.

3511 West Potomac Avenue
Chicago 51, Illinois

Cape & Vineyard
Electric Company

Offices:

Chatham

Falmouth
Hyannis

Vineyard Haven

EstabUshed 1S4B

Hall & Cole

Incorporated

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

94 Faneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON, MASS.

Acushnet
Saw Mills Co.

GOOD
WOOD BOXES

Cranberry Growers

Order Harvest and

Shipping Boxes

New Bedford, Mmai.

Est. 1865

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES
SPECIALTIES

Car Lot Receivers

Harvest

and

Shipping
Boxes

Jesse A. Holmes & Son

Carver, Mass.

Tel. Carver 10-3

The National Bank of Wareham

Conveniently located for Cranberry men

Funds always available for sound loans

Complete Banking Service

Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.

Mass. Cranberry
Station and Field Notes

by J. RICHARD BEATTIE
Extension Cranberry Specialist

The 1947-48 winter has really
given us a workout, so to speak.
While it hasn't been the coldest one
on record — ^please note that since
1888 nineteen previous winters
have seen lower average tempera-
tures— the snowfall did exceed all
previous records in certain areas in
the state. However, cranberry
gi'owers have been active in spite
of it all. A large percentage of
the bogs had the vdnter water
withdrawn — including the State
Bog. Considerable sanding on the
ice was done after the winter wa-
ter was withdrawn. Cranberry
clubs and school meetings in Ply-
mouth and Barnstable counties
have been very well attended un-
der the able direction of County
Agents "Joe" Brown and "Bert"
Tomlinson.

Speaking of meetings, there were
two held this month of particular
interest to growers. One was held,
at the Cranberry Station in East
Wareham and the second in New
York City. On February 4; 20
growers and Station staff members
met at the Station to revise the In-
sect and Disease, and Weed Con-
trol Charts. This is an annual
task, and one that requires consid-
erable time and study. Both charts
were thoroughly discus.sed, and
proper revisions made under the
able guidance of Drs. H. J. Frank-
lin and C. E. Cross respectively.
ly. Growers' observations and
comments are extremely helpful at
these seasons. The charts have
been carefully checked and are now
in the hands of the printer. Coun-
ty Agent "Bert" Tomlinson is re-
sponsible for the printing of the
Weed Chart and the writer will
take care of the details of the
In.sect Chart. Incidentally, many
revisions were made in both charts
which will be discussed at the club
meetings this spring. The time

Four

and effort so generously given by
the gi'owers is really appreciated
at these revision meetings. Grow-
ers present representing Plymouth,
Barnstable, and Bristol counties in-
cluded: Russell Makepeace, Robert
Hammond, Frank Butler, Robert
Pierce, Herbert Dustin, Seth Col-
lins, Bertram Ryder, John Shields,
Gilbert Beaton, Raymond Morse,
Ferris Waite, Nahum Morse, Ken-
neth Garside, County Agents J. T.
Brown and Bertram Tomlinson,
and the Cranberry Station staff.
Dr. Cross Speaks

The second news item of interest
to growers was the annual North-
eastern Weed Control Conference
held in New York City, February
11-13. Why was this a highlight?
Well, growers will be interested to
know that not only was Dr. Ches-
ter E. Ci'oss present, but ad-
dressed, the Conference and repre-
sented the Cranberry Station. Dr.
Cross tells us that this group was
organized a year ago at Cornell
University in Ithaca, New York.
The purpose was to bring together
the research men and weed special-
ists of the northeastern states for
a discussion of mutual problems,
and to acquaint one another with
the various new herbicides appear-
ing on the market in great num-
bers. Dr. Cross attended the meet-
ing last year at Ithaca along with
about 70 other men. This year,
however, he was one of about 300
who met in the Hotel Commodore.
About half of this number were
professional botanists and, chem-
ists actually conducting weed con-
trol experiments, while the other
half were specialists from the re-
search laboratories of agricultui-al
chemical concerns, oil companies,
and others whose products are used
in weed control work.

After registration on the morn-
ing of February 12, the Conference

was officially opened by Dr. Ahl-
gren of Rutgers University. This
was followed by speakers from the
U. S. Department of Agriculture
who outlined weed control problems
and methods in the Northeast Re-
gion. At luncheon, the Conference
heard W. H. Allen, Commissioner
of Agriculture in New Jersey.
FLASH— A special feature of the
luncheon was the presence on each
table of a large bowl of fresh cran-
berry sauce, a present from the
Massachusetts growers to the Con-
ference. Dr. Cross heard many
very favorable and appreciative
comments about the sauce. Dur-
ing the afternoon, several addresses
on the way 2,4D functions as an
herbicide, types of machinery used
in applying herbicides, petroleum
chemistry as related to herbicideds,
and finally a fine talk by an alum-
nus of the University of Massa-
chusetts, Dr. C. E. Minarik, on
methods of testing new chemicals
to determine their value as weed
killers.

On the morning of February 13,
the Conference was split into the
following four sections to bring to-
gether those interested in weed
control in closely related crops: 1.
Vegetables and Potatoes. 2. Field
Crops, Pastures, and Turf. 3.
Fruit, Nursery, and Ornamentals,
and 4. Public Health and Welfare,
Dr. Cross attended group 3 and
piesented a talk on "Chemical
Weed Control on Massachusetts
Cranberry Bogs". His talk was
very well received. The PDB treat-
ment of weeds appeared as a tech-
nique wholly unknown outsid.e its
use in cranberry culture. Many
complained that the cost of the
treatments was excessive until it
was explained that hand pulling
was the only alternative. The diffi-
culties of controlling weeds in a
crop that cannot be cultivated,
plowed or disced, had to be related.
It was apparent that studies of
chemical weed control in many
crops was just beginning, whereas
the chemical weed control work on
Cape Cod has been receiving close
study for 12 years now. Most of
the research men felt their work
had not been carried, far enough
as yet to permit publication of spe-
cific recommendations. Dr. Cross

(Continued on Page 28)

Issue of March, 1948 — Vol. 12. No. 11

„,,.., „,!,,„ ., Th» Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription, 13.00 per year.

Enter^ a's s'econd-clais matUr Janua"y 26. 1943, at'the post-office at Wareham. Massachusetts, under the Act of March ». 1879.

FRESH FROM THE FIELDS

By C J. H.

MASSACHUSETTS

How "Bad" the Winter?

Whether this past winter has
been a particularly bad one for
bogs from the viewpoint of oxygen
deficiency or not does not seem to
be known as March began. Cer-
tainly there has been more snow
and snow-ice on the bogs than in
many years past. On the other
hand, more growers than ever be-
fore have drawn the water. On
considerable acreage, vines were
frozen into the ice, which gives
the best possible protection.

The sunshine factor in February,
which is a more important month
than January in this respect, was
more favorable than in January.
There was probably no winter-kill,
as bogs had snow or ice protection
practically all winter long. Snow-
fall topped all records as recorded
at Boston, 122.2 inches for the en-
tire winter. Cranberry areas of
Massachusetts received varying
amounts, Barnstable county least
of all. While the winter was an
extremely uncomfortable one be-
cause of the repeated snowfalls
and continuous cold days, the aver-
age temperature was not too far
below normal.

Snowfall

Snowfall as recorded at the East
Wareham Experiment Station for
February was 14.9 inches. For the
three winter months, 42.5 inches,
6 in December, 21.6 in January and
14.9 in February. Most snow on
the ground during February was 13
inches on the 12th. The coldest
day of February (Experiment Sta-
tion) was -12 on the 11th and the
warmest 51 on the 15th.

As March came in, observers at
the Experiment Station are per-
haps best described as being un-
decided as to how the balances —
that is, favorable and unfavorable
factors — will prove to have can-
celled out. It may not have been
such a bad winter from the view-
point of production as was at first
feared. If this proves to be true,
bad effects have been alleviated to
some degree, at least, because so
many growers observed the warn-
ings of threatening oxygen defi-
ciency and "yanked" the water.

Although there was ice, not a
great deal of ice sanding was ac-
complished. For one reason there
was too much snow.

NEW JERSEY

Temperatures

February temperatures at Pem-
berton ranged from -10° on the 7th
to 70° on the 19th. The month
started cold, with no let-up from
the prolonged frigid weather that
started at Christmas time. A wel-
come respite from the 13th to the
20th removed all of the snow from
the landscape and ice from many
of the bogs. The average daily
mean temperature through the 25th
was 30.5° or 3.1° below normal.
This deficiency was due to the se-
vere cold early in the month that
was not made up for by the mild
weather in the middle of the month.
Precipitation

Precipitation at P e m b e r t on
through February 25 totaled 1.62
inches or 1.03 inches below normal
for the month. Most of the precip-
itation was in the form of snow, oc-
currnig on the 4th, 5th, 6th, 8th

and 22nd for a total of 10.2 inches
of snow for the month.

Winter Injury to Blueberries
and Cranberries

Some blueberry fruit buds were
killed by the severe cold of January
19th. Just how general or severe
this has been is not known at the
present time, though numerous re-
ports of injured twig growth have
been sent in to the laboratory-
Ice Conditions

As of February 27th, New Jer-
sey bogs are still covered with
snow-ice. That makes two months
and two days since the Christmas
snowfall. Some bogs had frozen
over enough to bear the weight of
men and wheelbarrows on Decem-
ber 19th. Since that time there
has been no day when the bogs
have been free of ice except for
particularly sheltered places on
February 19 and 20.

A number of growers dropped
their ice on receiving Mr. Wilcox's
warning of December 31st. Oth-
ers dropped at different times dur-
ing the month of January and the
early part of February. These
generally were properties where
the water supply for reflowing was
not abundant. A good many bogs
have never had the ice dropped at
all. Because of the prevailing cold
weather early in February, non-
flooded vines continued to be well
protected from winter injury by
the ice and a covering of snow that
fell on February 4-8. This protec-
tive covering was melted off dur-
ing the warm spell from the 13th
to the 20th from bogs where the
water had been drawn from under

(Continued on Page 22)

Five

Jesse H. Buffum, Famed N. E.
Broadcaster ''Plugs'' Cranberries

Columbia's Regional Agricultural Director, who has had
Fabulous Career, in Radio, News Work. Still and Movie-
Making, is an Ardent Disciple of the Industry — To Give
Another of the Noted "Buff's" Luncheons This Month

By CLARENCE J. HALL
Cranberries, and especially their publicity value, have one ardent
disciple in Jesse H. Buffum, Columbia Broadcasting System's agricultural
director for New England. And "Buff", with his early morning- "New
England Almanac" over Columbia's "Friendly Voice in Boston" (590)
and his famous "Buff's Luncheons" is an extremely valuable man to have
so favorably inclined toward cranberries and the men of the industry.
Late this month (March) there will be the fifth of these notable
luncheons. These are events where agricultural leaders pay their re-
spects to the Commonwealth's chief executive, with "Buff" as host and
arranger. So far he has been host to both Governor Bradford and his
predecessor, Maurice Tobin.

The luncheons, to which leaders
in each Massachusetts agricultural
industry are invited, Buffum says,
are really across-the-table confer-
ences, with all talk limited to two
minutes. "These are give and take
meetings", says this broadcaster
who has been called "the most
fabulous figure in New England
radio."

"And", he told me at an inter-
view recently at Columbia's Tre-
mont street headquarters, "you can
quote me that at this next luncheon
cranberries will obtain very spec-
ial consideration.

"Cranberries Most Romantic Crop"
"Cranberries are Massachusetts'
nioyt romantic, most colorful crop.
The state is losing a great bet in
not making more use of this unique
crop for publicity purposes. The
state is a loser through this unfor-
tunate oversight and the cranberry
industry is also the loser. Cran-
berries and their cultivation are
fascinating. People like to read
and hear about this crop and in-
dustry, which originated here in
Massachusetts on Cape Cod more
than a century ago."

Buffum is doing his own best to
remedy this situation. Twice on
Columbia national hook-ups, the
latest on December 20th, Buffum
has emphasized Cape Cod cran-
berries and the cranberry industry.
"Buff" is on the air every week-
day morning from 6.10 to 6.45. The
first half of his time he discusses

Six

agricultural topics, market reports,
etc., which last fall included cran-
berry quotations. The second half
he gives up to telling legends, folk-
lore, history and varied topics. At
the present moment he is conduct-
ing a campaign to find out who is
New England's greatest liar.

Making up the audience of this
breakfast-time audience are early-
to-work businessmen and profess-
ional people, suburbanites, indus-
trial workers and farm families,
the latter including man.v, many
cranberry growers.

Ever since 1940 "Buff" has been
beating New England to the alarm
clock, with his down-to-the-earth
broadcast of agricultural news and
philosophy. Jesse H. Buffum, who
you must have gathered by this
time is quite generally and famil-
iarly known as "Buff", is a tall,
thin figure of a man with snowy
hair. Although born in Boston, he
was brought up on the farm of his
father at Winchester, New Hamp-
shire. He has the farm back-
ground and interest in agriculture,
but he has come to be called the
"adventuring farmer", because of
his travels. Farming, newspaper
work, traveling, movie making,
lecturing and broadcastin.e' make
up his life.

"Buff" an Adventuring Farmer

He comes to both his flair for
farming and for publicity work
quite naturally. His father, be-

1
1

sides running his own farm, was
G. A. R. editor for the Boston
"Herald". He would go down tc
Boston from the Granite State in
the late 1880's and early '90's to
obtain the latest information upon
farm problems, including the then
new use of insecticides, Paris
Green, and Bordeaux Mixture. He
would then go home and hold
meetings with his farm neighbors
and explain the newest theories in
farm science. "He didn't really
run what would today be called a
'model farm'. Buff explains. "It
actually was more of a demonstra-
tion farm. What he was really
<loing was the sort of work the
county agents do so well today."
"Buff" himself became a printer
and then reporter on the Topeka
"Capitol." He made a survey of
Hawaii's sugar industry. He is an
ex-Hollywood newsreel cameraman.
He snapped pictures inside the live
crater of Kileua and was under fire
during Mexico's Battle of Agus
Prieta. For this he received a
citation.

Only last summer he flew with
still and movie cameras to the
South Pacific with letters of intro-
duction from Massachusetts Gov-
ernor Bradford to the governors of
New Caledonia, Fiji and New-
Guinea. These cleared the way for
a "color film trail" through the
native villages. In Australia, with
government cooperation, "Buff"
sot the pictorial story of the
world's most primitive people — the
bushmen of the famous "out back"
' f the "land down under." He
found Hawaii much more advanc-ed
th'in when he had gone there the
firrt time, many years ago, except
for some of the interior villages.
But he found the speed of the
plane in getting him there had a
definite advantage over the sailing
vessel in which he travelled the
fir.st time. In all, in this trip he
flew 24,000 miles.

His interest in picture taking
has led him recently to prepare
2.000 feet of color film which he
calls, "This Is New England." In
this he gives cranberries a good
deal of attention. It is shown be-
f-re various civic organizations.
I'.bs, and other groups,
Buffum is definitely a man of far
horizons and a romantic, himself.

He has an enthusiasm which keeps
him going places and doing things,
recording them and telling about
them. This urge once led him,
with his brother, to walk across
the continent on a diet experiment
for Dr. Dudley Sargent of Harvard
University.

In spite of his journeyings. Buff,
however, shows that he remains a
farmer at heart. He owns a farm
in Warwick, Massachusetts, to
which he will some day retire with
his wife. He has a son who seems
to be following in his tracks, as
the latter has entered the news-
paper game at North Adams.
He Admires the Cranberry Growers
To get back to "Buff's" views on
cranberries. At the interview with
me, he leaned back in his chair,
lighted a cigar, and the voice
which Author Kenneth Roberts has
called "the celebrated Buffuni
voice" poured forth his praise and
admiration for the cranberry in-
dustry and the men and women
who make it what it is.

One of the things which has
most impressed him is that the
growers have turned otherwise
totally waste land into productive
areas. This to him is important.
He calls the growers a stalwart,
fai--sighted group of agriculturists.
He mentioned George E. Short
(former president of Cape Cod
Cranberry Growers' Association
and one of the cranberry guests at
a luncheon), spoke admiringly of
Dr. H. J. Franklin, and then turned
to Ellis D. Atwood. "That is a
wonderful thing that man is doing
there at South Carver. I've been
to Edaville a number of times and
have ridden on the railroad. An
industry which can produce such a
public-spirited, generous man, and
a man with such vision as Mr. At-
wood, deserves credit for that fact
alone.

"Atwood is doing much to publi-
cize cranberries, and in a most fav-
orable way. Let me repeat, more
publicity is what the cranberry in-
dustry needs, and it would be a
fine thing for the state at the same
time. We here in Massachusetts
and New England are too conser-
vative. We hear all the time of
Northwestern apples here in New
England where we grow our own
apples. We don't push our prod-

ucts as other sections do. Cran-
berries are grown in only a few
places. Everything about the crop,
from the building of the bogs out
of swamps, the fight against in-
sects, the fight against frosts, the
harvest itself, make up one of the
most colorful of human endeavors
that I know of. Cranberries are a
natural for publicity."

The cranberry industry should be
thankful that a man of Jesse H.
Buffum's multiple attainments and
eminence has to a certain extent
"adopted" the industry. He has
spoken before growers at the an-
nual growers' association meeting.
He has boosted cranberries in his
broadcasts and in his movies and
at his luncheons. Even though Mr.
Buffum may not need cranberries,
cranberries need such men as he to
pass along invaluable publicity.
This is especially true now when
the industry is faced with such an
increase in crop potential.

The parting v^ords of "Buff", as
he terminated this interview were
indeed heartening: "Be sure and
quote me on this — that I'll plug-
cranberries at every opportunity."

Wisconsin School

A nine-week course in cranberry
culture, open to all Wisconsin vet-

erans who are enrolled in the cran-
berry industry under the GI bill,
was opened by the Wisconsin Rap-
ids Vocational School, February 13.
Sessions are to be held each Friday
from 9.30 to 4 o'clock through
April 19th.

While the cranberry course is
primarily for GIs, it was an-
nounced that cranberry growers
and other interested persons are
invited to attend. Vernon Golds-
worthy, vice president of the Wis-
consin Cranberry Sales Company,
will preside at each of the nine
gatherings. He opened the school
with a talk upon "Requirements of
a Successful Cranberry Marsh".

Other speakers include Prof. H.
R. Roberts, University of Wiscon-
sin; Pi-of. A. B. Albert, University
of Wisconsin; Leo A. Sorenson,
NCA; Jean Nash, president Wis-
consin Cranberry Sales Co.; H. B.
Bain; C. D. Hammond, Jr., general
manager Wisconsin Cranberry
Sales Co.; Clifford Peterson, State
Highway Department; H. F. Duck-
art, president Mid-west Cranberry
Co-op; John F. Border, State De-
partment of Agriculture; A. Reis-
dale, general accountant; Richard
Brazeau, legal adviser to growers;
Clarence Searles, d.evelopment of
the Searles variety; Donald R.
Rowe, county agent.

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY

WISCONSIN RAPIDS, WIS.

Cranberry Consultant on any

Cranberry Problem,
either Scientific or Practical.

Laying out New Marshes a Specialty.

Complete Marsh Management

and Supervision by year

can be arranged if desired.

B. S. - M. S.

University of Wisconsin

Seven

\

A Progress Report on the New
Prefabricated Flume Program

(Editors Nofe)—The followins "anonymous" article is the result of colaboration
between several of those most informed and exr>erienced in the newer type of flumes
It IS presented in the hope their conclusions will be of value to the industry at this
time, even though the use of these new items is not yet thoroughly time-tested )

History is replete with instances where an industry has gone along
for years without any significant improvements, and then, all of a sud-
den, the work of several independent developers seems to come to fru-
ition all at once, revolutionizing some phase of the industry. This has
happened, almost in the past year, in the case of cranberry bog flumes.
We all remember when the time for installation of a flume was reckoned
in weeks, where it may now be figured in hours.

This is the result of the adapta-
tion of corrugated iron to cran-
berry flumes. Of course it cannot
be said that no grower ever pre-
assembled parts of a wooden flume
and then set them in place; un-
doubtedly that has been done. But

the driving of spiling and the la-
borious effort to get a tight con-
tact between the bottom of the

"box" and the underlying material

had to be done bit by bit in an ex-
asperating battle with ever-rising

water. And we all have known of

flumes where considerable water

ran under rather than through the

flume, in spite of our best efl'orts.
Time Saving
Today the time of setting a

flume depends on how fast you can

handle the excavation and backfill,

if the new prefabricated flumes are

used. These can be assembled on

the bank and swung into place with

one motion of a power crane. And

we have yet to hear of the first

one washinn; out where properly

installed. Many of the flumes have

been assembled by hand in the

hole, with a foot or more of water

running through, in sizes as large

as 60" pipe. And now even pump-

v.ells are being handled the same

way — installed in a day.

This somewhat surprising free-
dom from washouts seems to be

due to the especial suitability of

corrugated iron pipe for the work.

It is easy to pack backfill around

;ind under a pipe because the dirt
does not have to be forced around

corners. The dirt will practically
pack itself tight around the pipe

under its own weight. And in soils

;'nd locations especially liable to

seepage, a "seepwall" may be used

which is quite similar in form and

function to the rat-guards used on

ships' mooring lines. Further-
more, the slight elasticity of the
corrugated pipe plays a consider-
able role in relieving excessive
spot-loads and developing support
in noorly packed areas at the same
time.

It is interesting to note and re-
cord the history of this revolution
in flume building. Corrugated
iron pipe has been used for years
in and around cranberry bogs, for
example on the L. B. R. Barker
properties. But this use was only
the pipe itself, as a culvert. For
flume use, a wood, masonry or con-
crete flashboard head was applied
in the traditional manner. We
cannot consider such a structure as
a prefabricated flume.

R. A. Trufant Took Hold
The metal sliding-gate on cor-
rugated iron pipe has been used
for decades in the irrigated South-
west and West. Probably a thou-
sand have been installed on the
plans drawn by R. A. Trufant
when he was engaged in that work
nearly thirty years ago. But this
device did not become a cranberry
flume until he put one in on his
bog in North Carver in December,
1945.

Probably we should date the pre-
fabricated flume from February
1944, when Marcus L. Urann of the
United Cape Cod Cranberry Com-
pany, working with the Berger
Metal Culvert Co., formerly of
Boston, built the first flume of
their type. This was the first
corrugated-iron flume which could
be swung into place in one piece.

This United flume is almost a
copy, in heavy-gauge metal, of
ehe traditional trunk flume. It is
adaptable to large sizes. Its flat

bottom (except for corrugations
and stiffener angles) gives it laege
capacity at low levels, but also
brings ii the peoblem rf securing
good ground ccntact to avoid the
possibility of underflow. It may
be had with or without wing walls,
curtain walls, flashboard grooves,
etc.

United Cape Ccd Co. Piontered

Much credit is due to this pioneer
effort for its stimulation of the'
other developers. Mr. Trufant
.freely admits that the United
flume served as a challenge to his
designing ability. And it surely
took some of the newness off the
idea when the Trufant and Whip-
ple flumes came to be offered to
the growers.

The forced neglect of mainte-
nance during the war years left
most growers with flumes needing
replacement. The worst ones on
the Trufant bog were all reservoir
flumes, so he naturally was most
interested in them. He thought
more and more about the suitabil-
ity of the irrigation headgates with
which he was so familiar, to use as
reservoir flumes. So in 1945 he
ordered three and placed them in
midwinter, with the thermometer
hitting zero some nights. When no
special faults or diflSculties devel-
oped, he ordered a lot more, with
experimental variations such as the
dog-leg and morning-glory, in
1946. However, these were all of
the sliding-gate type, not adapt-
able to flashboards. While they
were eminently suited for reservoir
work, they did not meet the prob-
lem of close regulation of water
levels which dictates the use of
some form of flashboard between
and below bogs. These sliding
gates, since they open at the bot-
tom, will put water on the bog as
long as there is any to put. There
is no running back to take out
more flashboards; the water does
the running.

Contribution of Paul J. Whipple

This brings us to the contribu-
tion tion of Paul J. Whipple of The
Forges Contractors, Inc., Plymouth,
Mass. During his few inactive
hours in the late war, he studied
over how he felt flumes should be
built, and came back with quite
definite ideas on the subject. In
January 1947 he had three made

Ei.Bht

up in what we now descirbe as the
full-circle type. This is an adap-
tation in corrugated iron of the
familiar "chimney" type of con-
crete flume. Flashboard grooves
are set across a well which has
both an inlet pipe and an outlet
pipe. The well is set inside the
dike, with a concrete base and with
or without wings. If long enough
pipes are used, turfing may be dis-
pensed with entirely. The flume
is especially adapted to locations
where the flow of water is some-
times reversed. Some growers
may prefer to have the flashboards
more out in the open, but the only
valid technical criticism seems to
be that two entry losses in head
are necessarily involved, one at the
entrance of each pipe. In nine
cases out of ten, this is of no im-
portance.

This introduction of flashboards
to the prefabricated pipe flume
was a most essential step. While
the United type also uses flash-
boards, the Whipple full-circle uses
standard sections of pipe for inlet,
outlet and well and thus can be
built for less than the United type,
where most sheets are special cuts.
Also, the inherent strength of the
circle permits the use of lighter
gauge sheets for the same capac-
ities. Furthermore, it is but a
short and logical step to the in-
troduction of a pump in the well,
making a prefabricated pump set-
ting. Both Whipple and Trufant
have done this already. But that
is a separate subject, and will be
reported on later.

The next advance in the art was
more involved. George R. Briggs
had placed six 36" pipes in a new
canal system (CRANBERRIES,
January, 1948) with the idea of
putting concrete heads on them
for flashboards. He saw one of the
first Whipple full-circle flumes,
and 'asked Mr. Trufant to report
on their suitability for use on
these pipes. The answer was that
since the pipes were already set,
and set too near the canal to per-
mit adding both well and inlet
ahead of the pipes, a half-well
would suit the case better. Mr.
Briggs said: "Fine. Order them".
Accordingly, after Mr. Trufant and
Mr. Whipple conferred, Mr. Tru-
fant detailed and ordered the first

half-circle flumes. Of course Mr.
Whipple had considei-ed building
his flumes in the half-circle form.
Only the fact that the first flumes
he needed seemed to call for the
full-circle type prevented him
from putting in the first half-
circles also.

The Half Circle

This half-circle type has a half
a chimney coupled on the outlet
pipe. Flashboard grooves, well
braced, close the open face of the
chimney. Thus the flashboards
are at the extreme upstream end
of the flume, out in the open. The
half-circle extends a foot below
the outlet pipe. This foot, with
its bottom brace and a ring of
anchor bolts, is filled with con-
crete as foundatoin, bracing, and
as a seal for the bottom flashboard
which is set partly in the concrete.
Mr. Trufant uses a stovepipe topped
by an overgrown funnel for pour-
ing this concrete under water where
necessary. This is the familiar
"tremie" by which most under-
water concrete is placed on com-
mercial jobs. Such concrete takes
an extra week to harden. Mr.
Whipple uses a full circle on the
bottom foot only of the half-circle
flume and furnishes wings and
seepwalls of corrugated sheet
where desired. Mr. Trufant pre-
fers to rely on turf for what fac-
ing is necessary, and on the "seep-
wall" for protection against eels
and muskrats.

It is probably more than just a
coincidence that both Mr. Whipple
and Mr. Trufant chose the New
England Metal Culvert Company
as their manufacturers. That
company, they report, has been
most helpful and cooperative in
the development of their struc-
tures. The Company, in turn,
specializes in the use of Armco
pipe, corrugated, galvanized, as-
bestos bonded, completely bitum-
inous coated, and paved with
asphalt at the bottom where the
wear comes. The life expectancy
of this pipe is said to be fifty
years; cranberry bog waters may
be corrosive enough to cut this
down to twenty-five.

The pipe flumes have not yet
been built in sizes larger than 60"
outlet. It is probably sound advice
to use two or more separate flumes

where one 36" pipe is not enough.
Concentration of larger amounts
of water bring special problems
of wash control. The other dimen-
sions of the flumes may vary wide-
ly. The outlet pipes may be any
length in any pipe flume. Any
depth of well may be furnished,
and any height of flashboards on
these flumes. Five feet of flash-
boards on twenty feet of 24" pipe
seems to be the size most common-
ly specified, with a large number
ranging from 18" to 36" outlets
four to twelve feet high. This
height should be figured from the
bottom of the channel downstream
to just above high water upstream.
Similarly, the sliding gates (which
are just a handwheel-operated cap
sliding up and down across the end
of the pipe) comes in various
heights to bring the wheel up to
convenient operating position.

This wide variation in dimen-
sions make it impractical to carry
a stock of these flumes on hand.
Every one is made to fit its par-
ticular location. This means that
several weeks (months in the case
of sliding gates made in Denver)
must elapse between the ordering
of the flume and its delivery at
the bog. Add more weeks if you
order at the same time as all the
other growers, the highway depart-
ments of every town in six states,
and all the expanding airports
which also demand pipe and more
pipe. Naturally, the winter is the
best time to get quick service,
because nobody wants it then.

One should not get the idea that
the various distinct types of
flumes are directly competitive
with each other. The United type
is competitive on a price basis only
with the largest pipe flumes. All
pipe flumes use up some hydraulic
head; if you throw a dike across
the middle of a level bog and still
want to get the piece above
drained as quick as the piece below,
better use a concrete flume ten
feet wide. The choice of pipe size
is always a mattr of balancing
cost in dollars against cost in head.
The sliding gate type, unexcelled
for reservoir work, does not let
you vary the overflow level at will
and so is not suited for use between
or below bogs. The flume which
is cheapest in one size often is

Nine

more expensive in some other size.
The half-circle flume seems to
be the nearest approach to an all-
purpose flume. It is possible to
use this flume in almost any loca-
tion. That also means that there
is danger that the excellent qual-
ities of the other types in their
own fields may be overlooked.
Over-standardization is bad in any
business. The cost of turfing and
other incidental work varies witn
the type of flume, and should be
considered in iomparing costs.

We repeat that most of the com-
mercialization of these flumes had
been within the past year. Yet
already Mr. Trufant has sold 22 of
the sliding gate type and 56 of the
half-circles. Mr. Whipple reports
14 full-circles and 27 half-circles
placed. About ten of the United
type have been built.
Prefabricated Fhime Seems Here
To Stay
There have been no reports of
real trouble with any type of pre-
fabricated flume. The full-circles
and half-circles have not yet been
subjected to a winter's icing condi-
tions. Will internal ice burst
them, or will the pressure of the
ice sheet distort and perhaps frac-
ture them? Not if there is a bit
of water overflowing at all times
so that they are protected by open
water. Not if they are well backed
by frozen ground, either. All oth-
er seasonal conditions have al-
ready been met satisfactorily. The
prefabricated flume seems to be
here to stay.

Cape Meeting Hears
Dr. Cross Report
on Weeds

Tells of Experiments With
Burlap and Paper for
Frost Protection

A single meeting of Cape Cod
Cranberry Clubs was held in Feb-
ruary, that being the Upper Cape
j;athering at Bruce Hall, Cotuit,
February 17th. About 80 attended.
Meeting of the Lower Cape was
called off', due to weather condi-
tions.

Program was the interesting
Wisconsin colored movies, which
have been shown befoi-e groups in

Massachusetts, and an instructive
talk by Dr. Chester E. Cross, of the
Cranberry Experiment Station, his
subject being "Current Status of
Cranberry Weed Control". A sum-
mary of his talk follows:

Introductory

At the start of research work on
a problem as great as that of con-
trolling cranberry bog weeds with
chemicals and cultural practices, it
is relatively easy to find, a number
of eff'ective solutions annually, and
the sum of these makes an easy
basis for a full-length talk. How-
ever, after this project has been
labored over for some ten years or
more, it becomes increasingly dif-
ficult to discover in one year's time
enough new techniques to make a
worthwhile talk without including
some repitition. Because of this,
I hope you will forgive the speaker
for diverging a little at the start
to tell you one or two interesting
developments that have taken place
during this last year in a different
field, of study.

Burlap Covering

Nearly three years ago, it oc-
curred to the speaker that it might
be possible to cover cranberry bogs
with some cheap material other
than water to protect cranberry
vines from winter-killing and frost.
It appeared that burlap was the
cheapest of textiles that appeared
suitable for this purpose, and a
rather large quantity of it was pro-
cured at private expense. Some of
this was sewed together into wide
sheets and spread on a dry bog
during the winter of 1946-47.
There was little snow that winter,
and the cranberry vines not cov-
ered with burlap were exposed to
the weather most of the winter. In
mid-February, 1947, some winter-
killing occurred on this bog, but
vines beneath the burlap covering-
showed no injury. A striking con-
trast was evident in April and
May between vines covered with
burlap and those without winter-
killing protection, the former re-
taining all its leaves which turned
green as usual, and the latter
showing all the evidences of a gen-
eral though relatively mild case of
winter-killing. The crop harvested
in the fall of 1947 from the burlap-
covered area was about 30% great-

\

er than that picked on the unpro
tected portions of the bog.

It is thought that the above in
formation may be useful to somi
growers who would wish to pro
tect the high corners of their bogs
The cost of purchasing and using
burlap makes it a prohibitive methl
od, at least at present, for general
use.

Paper Covering
While attempting to handle bur
lap in large sheets on cranberrj
bogs for winter protection, iht
speaker got the idea that papei
would be a lighter and cheaper ma-
terial and one which, because of it«
smoothness, could be spread ovei
cranberry vines with greater ease
than the burlap. Accordingly, the
Crossett Lumber Co. in Arkansas
sent an experimental roll of paper
16 ft. wide and about 1000 ft. long,
the only expense to the speaker be-
ing payment of freight. This pa-
per was cut into four 200 ft.
lengths, and on one frosty night in
May, 1947, it was spread on a quar-
ter acre of bog in East Sandwich.
It took only 10 minutes to roll it
out when the bog temperature was
32°, the air still, and every evi-
dence of a severe frost. At 3 a. m.
the thermograph beneath the paper
still showed 32% while on unpro-
tected vines nearby, white frost
had appeared and. the thermometer
registered 25°. Full of confidence
and hope, I went home to bed and
returned at 7 a. m. The paper now
assumed a very diff"erent aspect.
Those four great sheets were rolled
and twisted into a gigantic mass
resembling a blimp. The wind was
still light, there seemed little I
could do to retrieve it at the time,
so I left it. By mid-day, however,
the wind had risen to near gale
force, and I returned to the scene
of my experiment. Shreds and
streamers of torn wrapping paper
were flying through the air, catch-
ing in all the prickly locust trees
and in general littering the whole
countryside — AND— it was village
improvement week in the town! I
conclude that paper is of little use
as a frost protection on cranberry
bogs.

Changes in This Year's
Weed Control Chart

I am glad to i-eport that work
done in 1947 shows clearly that

PDB can be used with success to
;ontrol bog weeds when applied in
A.pril. As yet, we are not sure of
the eflfeet of frost flooding after
PDB treatment, but control of poi-
son ivy and wild bean was excel-
len in one case where a frost flood
was put on six days after treat-
ment. I hope, if growers have any
experience with frost flooding af-
|ter treating with PDB during this
icoming spi'ing, that they will ac-
quaint me with their results. At
present, it looks as though the flood
settles and packs the sand over the
PDB sufficiently to make the treat-
ment more effective. In addition,
a flood shortly after the applica-
tion of such a heavy layer of sand
would release a number of the
buried uprights and possibly make
unnecessary the lifting of the vines
with rakes and potato diggers.

The control of 3-sq. grass and
the small bramble with PDB ap-
pears inadequate to justify the re-
tention of this recommendation on
the chart. We are hoping that spot
treatment with 2,4D may prove to
be an answer to the problem of 3-
sq. grass control.

The spraying of the usual salt
solution has been found effective in
killing the arrow-leaved tear-
thumb. This spray treatment is
cheaper and more easily applied
than the usual method with broad-
cast iron sulphate.

Work in 1947 has demonstrated
that the placing of a few crystals
of copper sulphate in the crowns of
small bramble plants kills as many
vines as weeds and. can no longer
be recommended.

Stoddard Solvent

Considerable work was done with
Stoddard Solvent during the spring
of 1947. This oil is known in Wis-
consin and on the West Coast as
"Mineral Spirits", and is marketed
in Massachusetts as "Varsol No. 2"
and "Sovasol No. 5". Generally
speaking, Stoddard Solvent kills a
greater variety of bog weeds than
does kerosene. However, it is more
expensive and appears to be effec-
tive only when used in quantities
comparable with kerosene. Stod-
dard. Solvent sprayed at 400 gal-
lons per acre on May 1, 1947, killed
all asters in the plot and appar-
ently caused no injury to cranberry

vines or that season's crop. It is
known, however, that the time pe-
riod during which the solvent can
be safely applied to cranberry vines
is somewhat shorter than it is for
kerosene. Growers who wish to
try some of this should plan to use

it only during the first ten days in
May until our knowledge of this oil
has been augmented. If you d.o
use some Stoddard Solvent during
this coming growing season, I
would greatly appreciate hearing
of your results.

McCrew Optimistic of Fresh Fruit Outlook

Was Principal Speaker at
Meetings of Plymouth
County Clubs — South
Shore Votes "Institute"
Committee

Officials of the American Cran-
berry Exchange do not see only a
cloud of gloom on the horizon for
1948, particularly as far as the
fresh fruit market is concerned,
Clyde E. McGrew, assistant gen-
eral manager of ACE, told well-
attended meetings of Plymouth
County Cranberry Club at Roch-
ester Grange hall, February 24th
and at Plympton Grange hall,
February 26th. He stated the '47
crop to be disposed of (with carry-
over) had gone to more than a mil-
lion barrels, and this year there
would probably be an even larger
"crop" to be handled, but he felt
it could be done through "orderly
marketing."

E. C. McGrew
In spite of the rumblings and
confusion the 1947 fresh cranberry
market made a very good account
of itself.

You will remember that at the
start of the 1947 season, it was
generally admitted there was a
carryover from the 1946 crop of
equivalent to about 230,000 to 2.50,-
000 barrels to be yet consumed.

The August estimate by the
Government for the 1947 crop was
770,900 barrels. The last Govern-
ment estimate places the 1947 pro-
duction of cranberries at 784,700
barrels.

Add to this the carryover of
230,000 barrels and you have 1,014,-
700 barrels. There it is, over a
million barrels to be marketed and
consumed.

The fresh fruit season got off
to a slow start for several reasons:
The memory of the "No sugar"
1946 season.

The continued hot weather
throughout September and October
retarded the proper maturing and
coloring of the fruit. It slowed up
the movement into consumption of
all fruits.

ACE Could Have Sold More

Fresh Fruit
With cooler weather and the
appearance of our advertising
campaign, fresh cranberries began
to really move about the first of
November. From then on for the
balance of the season the move-
ment picked up to such an extent
that most markets cleaned up for
Thanksgiving. Many markets
could have used more fresh cran-
berries if they had had them on
hand.

The last week in November and
the first week in December the
fresh cranberry demand was so
strong that we, the Exchange, sold
out — and as you know there were
several thousands of barrels re-
turned from the processing plants
where they had been delivered for
processing, to the fresh fruit pack-
ing houses, and packed and shipped
on the fresh fruit market. It has
lessened to that extent the carry-
over into another season.

The Exchange could have sold
about 100 more cars if we could
have had them. Remember that
all the cranberries that are sold
through fresh fruit channels are
consumed and are not carried over
to interfere with the orderly dis-
tribution and marketing of the
next year's crop.

The 1947 fresh cranberry season
ended in a strong flourish of in-
creased demand and higher prices.
You will be interested to knov\'
that cranberries were about the
only domestic perishable fruit that
went through their 1947 season
with advancing prices and increas-
ing demand. The season ended
with the trade convinced and con-
fident that many if not most of the

Eleven

(^ditMals

ISSUE OF MARCH, 1948
Vol. 12 No. 11

CRANBERRY growers, as we said last
month, are taking a more critical look
at the immediate and long-term future of
the industry. This is borne out with the
debates at meetings and from conversa-
tions with individual growers.

This is a time, as at uncertain periods
in the past, when a constructive viewpoint
is needed. This does not seem to be a
time for tearing down. Cranberry grow-
ers are all in the same boat. If they are
going to make poi-t with next fall's crop,
which may or may not be a large one, •
The general belief is that it will perhaps
be a difficult one to dispose of because of
the carry-over in cans and freezers from
that of 1947. Thought being spent on
where to place the blame for this, if there
is blame, could be better utilized in facing
the situation by as united action as possi-
ble, and making plans of how to move the
cranberries which are held over and which
will be grown in 1948.

There does seem to be interest in the
"Cranberry Institute", an idea which was
first advanced a couple of years ago by
C. M. Chaney. This, it seems, must be
purely for the promotion of the sale of
cranberries — canned and processed — and
in which all distributors of cranberries
could participate. We were very inter-
ested in the talk by E. C. McGrew in which
he .said the Exchange was not dismayed
by the fresh fruit outlook for next year
and the next few years to come. It was
also interesting that he replied to a ques-
tion at a meeting that he thought there
could never be "one, two or three" organ-
izations which could control the sale of
all cranberries. He said there would al-
ways be individuals who, rightly or wrong-
ly, would prefer to do things in their own
way. That being the case, they might
combine in some way, to the extent at
least of all working together to sell more
cranberries — advertising, and other pro-
motion.

The main problem for all growers is to
increase cranberry markets to dispose of
increasing crops. This is a time for con-
structive thinking by the industry as a
whole.

AS further signs of probable increasing
crops it may be noted Wisconsin is to
have an improved frost warning system —

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS

Subscription $3.00 per year
Advertising rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS

Wisconsin

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington— Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY
Cranberry Specialist
Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK
Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station

East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station

Pemberton, New Jersey

and so is the Southwestern Oregon cran-
berry area. The eagerness of growers in
all areas to attend cranberry meetings
and their interest to talks on how to im-
prove production, their interest in new
equipment and new methods of all kinds
are other indications.

AN echo of a suggestion CRANBERRIES
made a few months ago has been
heard from the W^est Coast, as is reported
in the notes from Oregon elsewhere in this
magazine. That is for the selection of a
queen of the cranberry industry who will
be a national choice of all the' areas. It
was the vote of the Southwestern Oregon
club to encourage such a contest. It may
come about yet, there will be regional
queens and then one chosen from these to
represent the entire cranberry industry.

McGREW

(Continued from Pa^e 11)

Amei'ican people are going to con-
tinue to want their cranberry dish-
es home cooked, for taste and qual-
ity, from fresh fruit.

Fresh Fruit Trade Cheerful
January, as you know, is a month
of conventions in the fruit and
vegetable trade. It was evident at
these conventions this last January
that the wholesale and jobbing
trade recognize they have a mer-
chandising job to do if they are
going to keep Mrs. Consumer
spending a fair share of her food
dollars for fresh fruits and vege-
tables. Every year there ai'e mil-
lions of dollars spent for vitamin
pills. The vitamins and minerals
in these pills are obtained princi-
pally from fruits and vegetables.
The fresh fruit and vegetable trade
are going to show and teach the
consuming public to take their vit-
amins and minerals the natural
way, through eating more fresh
fruits and vegetables. They will
have much more tasty and attract-
ive dishes by simply doing natur-
ally what nature intended should
be done naturally.

The trade are not discouraged
about processed foods, canned or
frozen, running them out of busi-
ness. They have an all-year-round
job keeping before the public nicer
and nicer displays of fresh fruits
and vegetables that will cause the
consumer to impulsively turn to the
natural way to get their vitamins
and minerals. Cranberries — fresh
cranberries — have their seasonal
place in this all year round pro-
gram and the dealers are going to
be looking for that bright, cheery
red each fall and winter when the
season rolls around.

With the cooperation of the
growers in putting up a better
pack, a better grade and better
quality, the trade will follow
through to see that the grower
gets his fair share of Mrs. Con-
sumer's dollar.

The keynotes of the January
conventions were: Improved pack;
improved grade; improved quality.

These are the growers' respon-
sibility. The Trade divides this
business of ours into three parts:
production; demand; distribution.

The first is the duty and respon-
sibility of the growers. The sec-
ond can be influenced tremendously
through wholehearted cooperation
in advertising, publicity and better
displays. The third can be kept
orderly through cooperation be-
tween pi'oducer, shipper and deal-
er.

If this is not carefully directed
and handled by men with experi-
ence, the result will be confusion
and chaos. The trade is willing
and ready. It is up to the growers
to determine whether they want
men trained and experienced in
orderly distribution to direct the
distribution of the fresh fruit, or
permit confusion to prevail and
backlogs build up carry-overs to
intei-fere with receiving justifiable
value and returns for succeeding
crops.

The American Cranberry Ex-
change has a record of 41 years
of orderly distribution with in-
creasing returns to the growers.

Last but by no means least, you
have seen for the last 16 years
a centralization of power in our
Federal Government. During war
times this was no doubt helpful
and was necessary for the mobil-
ization of armed forces and of la-
bor and production. Daily you see
in the papers and hear over the
radio a clamor for a return of
states rights. There were Demo-

cratic demonstrations on this sub-
ject at the Jefferson Jackson din-
ners throughout the country the
other night.

Centralization Not So Popular
Mr. H. E. Babcock writes in the
February 1st issue of the "Coop-
erative Digest": "Big centralized
farm organizations can be as de-
structive to community and group
interests as big Government." Our
answer to this problem is our sep-
arate local companies in each pro-
ducing area. It is a decentraliza-
tion of power — the retention of
states rights in each producing
area, but at the same time a con-
tinuing union of interests in ordei-
ly distribution nationally. Such
cooperation between the different
producing areas is an absolute ne-
cessity to avoid chaos and ruin. If
the growers in the different pro-
ducing areas ever stopped working

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Realtor

West Harwich 504W

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Thh*teen

togethei- in the over all orderly
distribution it would be only a
very short time until they would
bring down upon themselves com-
plete ruin of the industry.

In the question and answer pe-
riods which were a lively "give and
take season", it appeared that
gowers were well aware of the dif-
ficulties facing the industry with
the expanding crops, and there
was interest in how these bigger
crops could be moved. There was
debate on the plan of a "Cranberry
Institute", which could promote the
sale of all cranberries, regardless
of who handled these berries. Mr.
McGrew said he thought there
could be an institute which might
aid in advertising and promotion,
but doubted if this could ever be
effective in marketing. To ques-
tions (at Rochester) he said the
Exchange had sold approximately
175,000 barrels fresh last year,
which represented approximately
75 percent of member production.
To another question he said he felt
the most desirable balance for the
future between fresh and processed
fruit would be about 60 percent
for the former and 40 for the lat-
ter.

At the Plympton meeting, Orrin
Colley presiding, there was definite
action on the institute proposal. G.
T. Beaton moved a committee be
appointed to hold a meeting of the
four Massachusetts clubs at which
this could be discussed. The four
club presidents, Plymouth and
Barnstable County Extension
beads. Brown and Bertram Tom-
linson and W. H. Weyeth of Ware-
ham, who brought up the subject
at both meetings, were named.
The place and time are to be named
later, but this was possibly the
most important action at these
meetings.

At both meetings, panel discus-
sions were held, "Dick" Beattie
speaking on Root Grub, "Joe" Kel-
ley on False Blossom, Raymond
Morse on quality of the crop, and
at Plympton Ferris Waite on Gyp-
sy Moth control, stressing particu-
larly the intensive program being
planned for Barnstable County.

Addresses by Mr. Kelley

and Mr. Morse
will be printed next month.

E. C. St. Jacques
Instructs School —
Pumps, Irrigation

Sole "instructor" at the Ply-
mouth County Cranberry School,
Atwood screenhouse, Carver, Mass.,
February 17th, was Emil C. St.
Jacques, Hayden Mfg. Co., Ware-
ham, who gave a talk and led a dis-
cussion on "Pumps and Cranberry
Equipment", carrying forward the
previous subjects on present-day
bog building and operation. Intro-
duced by Cranberry Specialist
"Dick" Beattie, Mr. St. Jacques,
who has had years of cranberry
equipment experience discussion,
was on the floor for a little more
than two hours. About 140 at-
tended the session.

Mr. St. Jacques opened with a
discourse upon old equipment as
compared with the newer methods.
By the old methods, a bog was
built with stumps being removed
by axe and lever, a horse-drawn
cable; grading was by turf axes
and. turf pullers, with wheelbar-
rows to fill low spots. Sanding
was by wheelbarrow and planting
of vines by a dibble. The modern
method is to use tractor-bull doz-
ers, wherever they can get onto the
swamps. The breaking of the sod
and turning over is by tractors and
harrows or tillers. Sanding on
large areas is often by railroad or
bog trucks on mats. Planting by
light tractor with disc blades is
coming in.

The old style of putting in dikes
and flumes was by hand labor with
wooden flumes or plain concrete,
work being done by hand labor. In
the newer style there is still plen-
ty of wood used, but there are
many reinforced concrete flumes,
and, most recently, corrugated,
steel flumes, full and half round.
The most modern way is to have a
shovel dig and to be used as a
crans on large jobs. Pre-mixed
concrete is trucked in.

The old style of building a flume
was by wheelbarrow, horse-drawn
tip cart, followed by a truck. New-
er method is by bulldozer, if at all
feasible. Resanding in Massachu-
setts is still done largely by wheel-
barow, or on large bogs by rail-
road. Ice sanding by trucks is a

good way, but this is uncertain in
Massachusetts because of the vari-
ety of the weather.

Air Insect Control

The old way of wejd.ing a bog

was done by hand, labor, but now it

is being done more and more by

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chemical control. For dusting and
spraying, he said, sprayers are
generally truck or trailer mounted,
and d.usters started out as hand-
drawn, but this graduated to a self-
propelled style. The latest meth-
od of dusting or spraying is by
lijrht plane or helicopter, although
very few of the aiicvaft can be in-
dividually owned by a grower. He
said, the biggest advantage of air
insect control is the speed and not
trampling on the vines, but to off-
set this, he said, he did not believe
the insect kill is better or even as
good as ground spraying or dusting
and the cost is more excessive.

Coming to picking, in Massa-
chusetts, he said the first picking
is still done by hand, and the snap
machines which were used as the
next step from hand picking are
still used extensively on new bogs.
Scoops still pick most of the crop,
although picking machines have
been very much in the news re-
cently, and have made rapid strides
in improvement.

He then told of the various
pieces of screenhouse equipment.

principal ones being blowers, ele-
vators, separators, belt screening
tables, carriers, shakers, gravity
conveyors, and explained, the use
of each.

Pumps and Sprinklers
He then came to the principal
subject of his talk, pumps and
sprinkler systems. He said that
pumps were used for the rapid
flowage, or removal of water on
cranberry bogs. In the olden days
only bogs could be flowed which
had sufficient gravity flow for win-
ter or frost coverage, or insect
control. The first pumps that were
installed were the vertical shaft,
submerged, centrifugal pumps. In
the early days, principally in Barn-
stable County, an open type pro-
peller pump was used. At a later
time, between 1910 and 1920, a new
type of pump was developed. He
said these were of a type that
might be called the open type cen-
trifugal pump. These pumps were
installed in square wells, and the
blades forced the water to the side
in a circular motion, depending
somewhat upon the friction of the

water in the corners to lift the wa-
ter to the spillway.

The latest additions to the pumps,
he continued, are the propeller
pumps with guide bands, some of
which are fully enclosed with pipe
risers, elbows and horizontal dis-
charges. He said the propeller
types show an inci-ease in efficiency.
Wells should, always be set down
deep, about .3 to 5 feet below wa-
ter. He said a well made of wood
is the least expensive, but the
shortest-lived.

Pumps are only useful and eco-
nomical in locations where a suffi-
cient supply of water is obtainable
a reasonable portion of the time.
"As an alternate, where the water
supply is not sufficient for all fruit,
insect and irrigation purposes, a
sprinkler system seems the more
suitable. The cost of this system
is somewhat greater than pumps
for the same area, but except for
winter flowage and insect flowage
they do fully as good, a job as the
pump flowage. In one or two re-
spects they are superior to the
pumps, as a method of irrigation."

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Fifteen

He discussed the origin of the
sprinkler systems in Washington,
and then extending to Oregon, and
the respective merits of small
heads and the "Giant" sprinklers.
Protection Worth the Cost

"Either type, pumps or sprink-
lers, is expensive for initial cost
and upkeep — but so is the loss of
the crop," he concluded.. He said
it was safe to say that a dry oi-
marginal bog will not produce
more than "two decent crops in five
years, and that, generally, at a
time when other dry bogs produce,
and in normal times the price is
low."

Mr. St. Jacques' discussion is to
be repeated at the Barnstable
County School, Barnstable High
School, Hyannis, the evening of
April 13.

New Jersey
Blueberry Meeting

The Blueberry Cooperative As-
sociation, New Lisbon, N. J., held
its annual meeting at the Grange
Hall, Pemberton, on January 9 with
Vice-Pi-esident Scammell in the
chair. In the general members'
meeting in the morning the follow-

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WEST WOODSTOCK, CONN.

ing were elected to new terms on
the Board of Directors: Lester
Collins, Joseph W. Darlington,
Charles DeLong, Russell Dunfee
and Francis W. Sharpless.

W. A. Jarvis gave the treasurer's
report, which showed gross re-
ceipts for the sale of New Jersey
berries in 1947 as $1,401,722.81 and
for North Carolina berries, $185,-
667.30.

Stanley Coville, Manager and
Sales Manager, reported that out
of a total of 513,030 twelve-pint
crates marketed from New Jersey
422,038 crates were sold on the
fresh fruit market. This is 55%
more than had been shipped to the
fresh fruit market in any previous
year. Approximately 1,000,000
pounds were sent to the processors,
which is less than one-half the
amount processed in 1946. North
Carolina shipments totaled 43,000
crates, all of which were sold on
the fresh fruit market. Not sold
through the Blueberry Cooperative
Association, but sold under the
Tru-Blu label by agreement, were
about 105,000 crates of Michigan
cultivated blueberries.

Miss E. C. White next infoi-m.ed
the members that was the 21st
birthday of the Blueberry Cooper-
ative Association, saying the large
number in attendance today in com-
parison to the handful of persons
present at the original meeting in
1927 attested to the healthy con-
dition of the "Co-op" and to the
industry in general.

Urgent Spring Suggestions —

Sprayers — Myers 200-gallon with hose — On Hand

Pumps — 7 in. to 20 in. — Do not put off installation

until frost time.

Engines — Wisconsin 6 h. p. Minneapolis — Moline —

20-50 h. p. — in stock

IN STOCK
Rakes — Cutters — Insect Nets

HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO.

E. C. St. Jacques

WAREHAM 497-W

Sixteen

Marion Allen and King G. Martin
of the Charles W. Hoyt Co., Inc.,
advertising agency who handle the
advertising and publicity account
of the Blueberry Cooperative As-
sociation gave a very interesting
and informative account of how
this advertising and publicity was
handled in 1947.

Lester Collins Re-Elected

Following a delicious turkey din-
ner prepared and served by the
ladies of the Grace Episcopal
church, Pemberton, the business
meeting of the Board of Directors
was held for the election of officers
and consideration of any new busi-
ness. Lester Collins was re-elected
president; H. B. Scammell, vice-
president; Stanley Coville, man-
ager and sales manager; Harry
Bush was elected secretary-treas-
urer in place of W. A. Jarvis, who
tendered his resignation in order
to enable him to devote his full
time as treasurer of J. J. White,
Inc.

Additional business was the pro-
posal and election to membership
of 7 new members from New Jer-
sey and North Carolina, making
the total membership in both states
192.

Following the auditor's report,
given by W. A. Jaivis, Coville dis-
cussed briefly the market prospects
of 1948. There being no further
business, the meeting was ad-
journed at 4 p. m.

Patronize

Our
Advertisers

CRANBERRIES

The National
Cranberry Magazine

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Tel. Rockland 1864

NO. HANOVER MASS.

Cranberry Root Grubs
White Grubs * Chokeberry
White Violets * Loosestrife
Poison Ivy ° Small Bramble
Three Square Grass ' Wild Bean

i/se

TSADE MARn REG U. S P*T OFF

PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE

The Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station
Charts recommend

Para-dichlorobenzene for controlling Root Grubs, White Grubs,
Chokeberry, White Violets, Loosestrife, Poison Ivy, Wild Bean,
Three Square Grass and Small Bramble. For best results, bogs
should be treated in April or early May. Write for details.

SOLVAY PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE

FOR TREATING CRANBERRY BOGS

is distributed by

THE CRAMBERRY TRADING POST

• Plymouth, Mass.

• Onset, Mass.

• North Harwich, Mass.

• Bordentown, New Jersey

SOLVAY SALES DIVISION

ALLIED CHEMICAL & DYE CORPORATION

45 MILK STREET. BOSTON 9, MASS.

Seventeen

BE AIM HIGH PRissyRi sprayers

ASSURE YOU OF 1\NQANAY PROTECTION

Your valuable crop is protected by thorough appli-
cation of materials. John Bean high pressure spray
gets all through the plant — even to the underside
of the leaf. The result: a bigger crop for more
profits.

But that's not all. The high output of John Bean
sprayers cuts spraying time and permits you to do
a better job in fewer man-hours. Efficient use of
material avoids waste.

With John Bean equipment your crop is pro-
tected and your profits are protected.

COMPLETE RANGE OF EQU8PMEW7

Both in range of output and in type, John Bean
offers the most complete line of high pressure spray

equipment. Outputs range from 3 to 60 gallons
per minute at pressures of 200 to 800 pounds.
Engine powered models are made in 2, 3 and 4- i
wheel types, or are available for truck or skid
mounting. Tractor power-take-off sprayers further
increase the variety of John Bean sprayers. There's
sure to be a John Dean model that meets your J
needs fully.

i

i^MM BEAN I

DIViSION OF FOOD MACHINERY CORPORATION i

LANSING 4,

MICHIGAN

FULL INFORMATION and free
catalog will be sent promptly. You'll
want to investigate the new 1948
John Bean line. Write today, or ask
your John Bean dealer.

PORTAMIST is the answer to the
problem of applying material on
hard-to-get-at areas. Applies concen-
trates, wet or dry dust. Is as easy to
handle as a wheel-barrow. Free
catalog is available.

ROTOMIST, a new John Bean
development, applies micron sized
particles of insecticide. High output.
Easy, simple one-man control. May
we send you the facts about the new
Rotomist.'

Wisconsin Growers to Have
Improved Frost Forecasts

Wisconsin this year will have vastly improved
frost warning systems, the forecasts going out
directly from Wisconsin Rapids, center of the indus-
try, where a weather man. paid, by the Federal Gov-
ernment, will be stationed, the service starting May
1 and continuing- through until October 15. Largely
instrumental in obtaining this was C. D. Hammond,
Jr., general manager of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales
Company, although the Midwest Cranberry Co-op is
also backing this service, and contracts with both
Miihvest and Sales Company and the Government
have been signed.

Warning will go out mainly by telephone, with
supplementary broadcasts by six radio stations.
These are WFHR, Wisconsin Rapids; WOBT, Rhine-
lander; WIGM, Medford; WKBH, LaCrosse; WLBL,
Stevens Point; WCCO, Minneapolis. These stations
will adequately cover all the Wisconsin growing
areas.

The forecaster who will be stationed at the
Rapids will be James W. Milliken. He has had nine
years of experience with frost warnings in Florda.
Operating costs have not yet been figured, but half
the costs will be borne by Midwest and half by Wis-
consin Cranberry Sales for the first year, at least.
The service will be operated for the benefit of all
growers in Wisconsin.

The forecaster, located as he is to be at the
Rapids, will be able to give on-the-spot warnings,
and will be able to obtain his information directly
from the growing areas, and will also have at his
disposal all Weather Bureau information in and
around Wisconsin.

How Accomplished

Mr. Hammond in explaining how the new sys-
tem came to be organized said that after operating
bogs in Massachusetts he had come to be rather
"spoiled" by Dr. Franklin's up-to-the-minute weather
reports to the growers and felt some more efficient
system could, be installed in the Badger State. He
said he began talking up the program with growers
and the two co-ops and found the idea was well re-
ceived by a majority. A first step was to contact
several strategically-located marsh owners and ask
them if their marshes could be used as observation
points for the proposed weather forecasting service,
which is to be known as the "Wisconsin Cranberry
Growers' Frost Warning Service".

Then he got in contact with the chief in charge of
the Chicago Weather Bureau at the Chicago Munici-
pal Airport. This incidentally has been the origi-
nation of the former fi'ost warning service to the
Wisconsin growers. He received, excellent cooper-
ation there, and a man was sent to Wisconsin Rapids
to make a survey of the marshes and see if such an
improved service would be practical. The report
was favorable. He then corresponded with the
Chief of the U. S. Weather Bureau in Washington,

CRANBERRY
SPECIAL

This light-weight locomotive, de-
signed especially for use in cranberry
bogs, weighs only 3,250 pounds. It
can be used over soft ground and
requires only easily laid, light-weight
track which can be traversed at high
speeds, due to the freedom of wheel
movement allowed by Brookville dual
spring type, journal suspension.

Used for hauling sand cars, it is a
great saver of time and labor.

Write for further information

Cape Cod Area Distributor
RUSSELL A. TRUFANT

NORTH CARVER, MASS.

BROOKVILLE LOCOMOTIVE WORKS

BROOKVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA, U. S. A.

Nineteen

Colley Cranberry
Company

SHIPPERS OF CAPE COD
CRANBERRIES

"SUITSUS" Brand

Plymouth, Mass.

Office
17 Court Street

Telephone
Plymouth 1622

F. W. Reichelderfer, who also
proved very cooperative.

After it was ascertained the
service could be provided, a next
step was to see if radio stations
in Wisconsin could be enlisted in
the service to at least two warn-
ings a day. In this effort William
F. Huffman, president of the Wis-
consin Radio Network, former
president of Wisconsin Cranberry
Sales Company, and now director
of American Cranberry Exchange,
personally got in touch with all
the desired stations and complet-
ed arrangements.

The result is that Mr. Ham-
mond is highly confident that this
coming season all Wisconsin grow-
ers will receive better frost wain-
ing service than ever before, and
is looking forward to seeing this
achieved.

CRANBERRY MARSH

FOR SALE :

Plenty of water — 240 acres of
land. Caterpillar dozer, truck, '
etc. Two homes, one modern.
Reason for selling, ill health.
Contact "Gene" — Roussopoulos 1
Bros., Millston, Wis. I

A Subscription to

CRANBERRIES Magazine

Should Be Enjoyed by

Everyone Interested in

Cranberry Crowing

Twenty

SCOOPS

and

SCREENINGS

One hundred vegetable growers
of Massachusetts attending-
"school" at the University of Mass-
achusetts were told last month to
"look for changes in the next 10 or
15 years which may be hard to
take". The trade must be satisfied
to a much greater extent than ever
before, it was said. There must
be a constant maintenance of qual-
ity, a standardized, product and
good advertising. It was further
pointed out that a survey showed
that the average consumer today
shops four or five times a week.
Twenty years ago the housewife
went to market once a week.

A Bandon, Oregon, woman, ac-
cording to Bandon 's " Western
World", is growing a pineapple
plant, proving that it doesn't take
a Hawaiian plantation to raise
pineapples. She has been growing
one for nearly five years. She be-
gan by buying a fresh pineapple at
a local market, cut off the top and
planted it in a pot, "just to see
what a growing pineapple looks
like". Leaves are now as long as
47 inches, they are sticky with
barbs and are a scarlet color.

Ed Hughes of Coquille, Oregon;
Mr. and Mrs. Sumner Fish, Mr.
and Mrs. Arthur Randall, Mr. and
Mrs. L. M. Kranick, Mr. and Mrs.
James Olson, all of Bandon.

"CRANBERRIES"
ADVERTISING
PAYS BIG
DIVIDENDS!

Reasonable Rates
on Request

Massachusetts cranberry grow-
ers were represented by a special
committee at the Farm Marketing
Conference of Massachusetts Agri-
cultural Program Board at Har-
vard University March 2 and 3.
This was the third time this im-
portant conference has been held,
but the first time a cranberry panei
has been invited, to take part in
discussions and plans for market-
ing the crops of the state. Russell
Makepeace of Wareham, president
of the Cape Cranberry Growers'
Association, was chairman, and
Cranberry Specialist "Dick" Beat-
tie, secretary. Various marketing
groups were represented on the
board, and a complete story of this
meeting will be reported next
month.

^/^r^//y,v/////M//M,//U//WMM/!777}

Visiting the West Coast cran-
berry areas during February were
Wisconsin growers. Among them
were Mr. and Mrs. Charles L. Lew-
is of Shell Lake, Mr. and Mrs. Fuy
Potter of Camp Douglas and Mr.
and Mrs. Forest F. Mengel of Wis-
consin Rapids. The Mengels and
Potters stopped over on the Coast
as part of a trip to the Hawaiian
Islands. The Lewises were taking
in Tucson, Arizone, before return-
ing to Wisconsin. Also from Wis-
consin were Mr. and. Mrs. David
Pieper and Mr. and Mrs. W. B.
Pieper of Shell Lake.

A dinner at Bandon was served
at the Natureland Cafe in honor of
the visitors. Those present in-
cluded Lewises, Mengels, Potters,
Mr. and Mrs. Wilho Ross, Gray-
landj Washington; Mr. and Mrs.

For Ditching

and Scalping

Cranberry Marsh

in Wisconsin

CONTACT

M. E. LAUX

WAUPACA, WIS.

Also have over 200 acres of
Cranberry Marsh Land FOR
SALE, with good drainage and
water — located in Northern
Wisconsin.

IRRIGATION EQUIPMENT

• FLEX-O-SEAL PORTABLE IRRIGATION PIPE

• RAINBIRD and BUCKNER SPRINKLERS

• SUCTION HOSE and DISCHARGE FITTINGS

• GIANT PORTABLE HEADS and MOUNTS

• ENGINE PUMPING UNITS in ALL SIZES

Chrysler Powered Hale Pumping
Units equipped with Chrysler Indus-
trial engine Model T-118. Pump ca-
pacity 500 G.P.M. at 120 lbs. pressure
to 8B0 G.P.M. at 76 lbs. pressure.
Electric Starter and EXHAUST TYPE
SELF PRIMER. Hundreds of these
units are now giving an excellent
account of themselves on all types of
farms. We ourselves use one to pump
water up nn 80 ft. hill and through
a mile of Flex-0-Seal pipe to operate
a 1200 ft. sirinkler line. These units
have been in storage and were oper-
ated only for periodic testing. They
are thoroughly serviced and checked
for performance at our own testing
nond before shipping. W^ have en-
tirely avoided any uncertainty on condition and performance in this way.
For sale at less than half original cost. Many of best operated farms in New
England have taken advantage of their availability to secure a number of
these units. Battery extra.

Trailer Models with two suction Hoses $490

SKID MODEL

We have installed both high and low pressure equipment on Cranberry
bogs in Cape Cod area.

LITERATURE — PRICES — BOG ESTIMATES — LAYOUTS
AT NO OBLIGATION

VEG-AGRE~FARMS -IRRIGATION DIVISION

FORESTDALE, CAPE COD, MASS.

Phone Osterville 719

Twenty-one

Fresh from the Fields

(Continued from Page 5)

the ice. These bogs have generally
been reflowed. Ice, however, as
February ended, still remained on
bogs where the water was not
withdrawn from under the ice.
The season of 1948 should certain-
ly present a good, many useful tests
of the value of dropping the ice. It
wil Ibe very interesting to observe
the results.

Pest Control Charts

The Cranberry Insect and Dis-
ease Control Chart is in the manu-
script stage at the time of this
writing, but should be with the
printer early in March and ready
for distribution in advance of the
spraying and dusting season. The
1948 revision of the Blueberry In-
sect and Disease Control Chart has
been sent to the printers and should,
be ready for distribution some
time in March.

Spray Chart Meetings '

On February 19th, Burlington
County Agent Kensler called a
meeting for cranberry growers at
the Cranberry and Blueberry Lab-
oratory to go over the proposed
changes in cranberry disease and
insect control recommendations.
Mr. R. B. Wilcox discussed fruit
rot control, oxygen deficiency and
false blossom. Mr. W. E. Tomlin-
son, Jr., discussed the changes in
insect control. Atlantic County
growers joined in this meeting.

A dinner meeting of the Ocean
County Cranberry Club was held at
the Riverview Hotel on the eve-
ning of February 25. Following
the dinner, Mr. A. E. White of the
U. S. Weather Bureau Office at
Trenton spoke about weather fore-
casting. W. E. Tomlinson, Jr.,
went over the proposed changes on
the Cranberry Insect and, Disease
Control Chart, and Mr. C. A. Doeh-
lert pineli-hit for Mr. Wilcox in
discussing fruit lot control. Fol-
lowing the speech-making, Joseph
H. Palmer was elected President
for the coming season; Isaiah
Haines, Vice-President; and Ocean
County Agent Dick Hartman, Sec-
retary. Closing the meeting was
a movie of cranberry growing in
Wisconsin, shown by Walter Z.
Fort.

Twenty-two

Dr. Bear Speaks on Fertilizer

At an overflow meeting of cran-
berry growers, 90 persons heard
Dr. Firman E. Bear of the N. J.
Agricultural Experiment Station,
Soils Department, speak on cran-
berry soils, on February 26. This
meeting, open to all cranberry
growers, was arranged by Walter
Z. Fort and, was held at the office
of the Growers' Cranberry Com-
pany at Pemberton. Dr. Bear re-
ported on the results of the ana-
lysis of several samples of cran-
berry and blueberry soils and leaf
sampes. In general, he noted that
the nutrient requii'ements of these

two crops are relatively low in
comparison to most other agricul-
tural crops. Several essential
plant foods such as calcium and
magnesium are extremely low in
New Jersey peats, and addition of
these elements would seem to be in
order.

American Cranberry Growers'

Association Executive Committee

Meeting

Members of the Executive Com-
mittee of the American Cranberry
Growers' Association met at the
Cranberry and Blueberry Labora-
toiy to discuss arrangements for
the meeting on weeds to be held

Rain When You Want It
RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS

For Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation

Rain Bird Sprinkling systems do the job you want
them to do, when you want it. All working parts are
accessible and fool proof. Oscillator arm breaks up
stream to give maximum benefit.

Consult Rain Bird engineering department for advice
on your irrigation problems.

For complete information on Rain Bird Sprinkling
Systems, write,
For the East and Midwest

L. R. NELSON MFG. CO.
Peoria, Illinois

* * *

JOSEPH BRECK & SONS
85 State Street
Boston, Mass.

IRRIGATION
VEGACRE

Forestdale (Cape Cod) Mass.

On the Pacific Coast

R. M. WADE and CO.

Portland, Oregon

• * *

OREGON CULVERT CO.

Portland, Oregon

DIVISION

FARM

RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CO.

GLENDORA, CALIF.

March 17 at Pembeiton. Method:?
for improving the frost warning
service were also considered.

OREGON

Notes

While January was a good
month for bog planting and weed
spraying, February brought some
bad weather and slowed down the
work.

There is considerable interest in
a new sanding machine designed by
Ed Smith. It has been seen in ac-
tion and called, very practical.

Southwest Oregon Cranberry Club
held a combined social and busi-
ness meeting at Masonic hall, Ban-
don, February 15. A pot luck din-
ner was enjoyed and the business
meeting followed. There was a
discussion of the advantages of a
frost reporting service, and it was
voted to ask for such service
through the weather bureau. The
service is proposed to be run for
180 days in the spring and fall.
The club is to pay for the service.
Jack Hansell, assistant county
agent of Coos County, stated that

the cranberry industry was now
fir.st in the county, and suggested
that a sound program be developed
for the .study of weed control, in-
sects, fertilizers, fungus and tem-
perature damages. The growers are
asking that the Assistant County
Agent be given more responsibility
in helping develop such a program.
A motion was made to publicize
the need for extreme caution in
discovering false blossom and fruit
worm. Growers were requested to
report any suspected area.

At the election of officers, James
Olson was chosen president; Einer
Brickson, vice-president; Clarence

Zumwalt, secretary, and Mary
Bates, corresponding secretary.

There was a vote to sponsor a
"queen" for the next cranberry fes-
tival, and to encourage a national
contest as suggested by the Na-
tional Cranberry Magazine. A
committee was appointed to work
with the festive committee on dis-
play.

WASHINGTON

Some Long Beach Winter Kill

By late February the weather
had turned, springlike at Long
Beach, with daffodils shoving up
above the ground. There was.

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

17 Court St.
Plymouth, Mass.

BOG MANAGEMENT

TeU: Plymouth 1622
Kinciton 319

If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will
pay you to see us.

A number of properties available, more wanted.

•tt^'lu

to Cranberry Bog Specifications

giant irrigator
high pressure

FACTORY OFHCES

Fresno: P O. Box 232
Chicago: 7658 Calumet
Los Angeles- 7280 Melrose

Buckner Cranberry sprinklers
were designed by Cranberry Bog engi-
neers and are built for economical, trouble-free
operation Choice of models gives you a perfect cur-
tain of water for any size bog. Low installation cost.
Proven results in all bog sections of the country. See
your Buckner representative now — there's one near
you, and Buckner Sprinklers are available on short
notice

muse

dual-action
low pressure

MASSACHUSETTS

The Clapper Co.
1121 Washington
West Newton

PACIFIC NORTHWEST

Poison Impl. Co.
631 Western Ave.
Seattle. Wash.

Twenty-three

howevei', quite a bit of cold weath-
er, accompanied by some dry,
freezing winds in late January, and
in the opinion of D. J. Crowley this
may cause some winter-kill, al-
though he did not expect it to be
severe.

New Acreage

New planting continues to go in
with an estimated 100 acres being
planted in the Grayland district,
and at least half that amount
around Long Beach.

Club Meeting
Long Beach Cranberry Club held
a meeting February 13 and heard a
very interesting talk on weathe-
forecasting for cranberries by Ver-
non Wallace of the North Head
weather bureau.

Wisconsin Growers
May Have Trouble
With Grasshoppers

E. L. Chambers, State Ento-
mologist, Warned Meeting
Against Invasion This
Summer — Chlordane, New
Insecticide, E iT e c t i v e
Against Them.

An Ad

m

CRANBERRIES
is your message
placed before the in-
dustry.

In a historical review of the
problems of Wisconsin cranberry
growing, with emphasis on the
newer insecticides, E. L. Chambers,
Wisconsin State Entomologist, at
a meeting a few weeks ago,
brought out that all indications
seemed to lead up to the fact the
growers of that state could expect
serious grasshopper trouble this
coming summer. He deemed it im-
portant that growers familiarize
themselves with the fact and be
prepared to meet any emei'gency,
if weather conditions are hot and
dry. This has been predicted by
those who are making a study of
the sun spots.

According to these studies, he

says, there are seven years ahead
of hot, dry summers, there having
just been completed a period of
cool, moist growing seasons.Grass-
hoppers have been building up all
over the state during the past few
summers, but there has been an
adequate supply of green food for
them to feed upon, so there was no
serious threat to the crops.

When grasshoppers become num-
erous, they move into the cranberry
marshes and cause considerable
injury to the berries. During the
latter part of August and the first
part of September last there was
enormous migrations of the red-
legged grasshoppers into Southern
Wisconsin, which attracted much
attention and newspaper publicity.

Swarms Floated Ashore From

Lake Michigan

Huge swarms of them riding on
Lake Michigan were washed ashore
and there were windrows of hop-
pers around last Labor Day all
:'long the shore for miles which
tould be scooped up with shovels.
These were observed a few days
pievious to their appearance on
the shore, floating like large islands

The New England Cranberry Sales Company

(The Cranberry Cooperative organized in 1907)

In a co-op there isn't any "they" — there's only a "we". You may
have a manager, and he may have a staff, but they're not the co-op.
The members are the co-op. Let's remember that.

Eatmor
Cranberries

9 Station Street

Middleboro, Mass.

Twenty-four

on the lake, and with the chang'e
in the wind direction they were
blown back upon the shore and
most of them recovered from their
soaking and migrated into the fields
bordering along the lake.

It has been discovered during
the past two growing seasons that
Chlordane, a new insecticide, was
very effective against the adult
hoppers where a 5'c dust was ap-
plied at the rate of 20 pounds per
acre. This offers a good form of
relief to specialized crops like cran-
berries, tobacco, and similar ones
where it is difficult to check the
march of invading grasshoppers
vi'ith the ordinary poison bait,
which is less attractive to the
adults than the crop which they
seek.

BEES

RENTALS

JOHN VANdePOELE

West Abington, Mass.

Chlordane Effective

By dusting Chlordane around
the margin of the bog, it is pos-
sible to prevent the invasion of
these hoppers into them. Ordi-

narily in the Wisconsin grasshop-
per control program, the import-
ance of distributing poison bait
over the areas where the hoppers
are hatching is stressed, it being

The Forges Contractors, Inc.

WATER ST.

PLYMOUTH, MASS.

TeL 1763

Cranberry Bog Building and Rebuilding

Power Shovels, Cranes, Clamshells

Draglines. Bulldozers and Trucks

Dealers in:

Prefabricated half and full circle "Whipple
Flumes".

New England Metal Culvert Co. Pipe.

SKINNER* Pioneer and leader in irrigation

SKINNER controlled irrigation
waters, large areas uniformily—

The SKINNER Controlled Power Sprinkler is
specially designed for high water pressures and
large volumes. A fine, effective sprinkler for
large coverage where slow rotation is required.

SKINNER Irrigation Engineers, ttirough a back-
ground of long experience, have developed the
Super Utility Sprinkler. Primarily used for water-
ing sturdy, liberally rooted crops, its higti volume
and maximum coverage give excellent irrigation.
These sprinkler heads may be added to your
present system to increase the effectiveness of
controlled watering and bring bigger and bet-
ter yields consistently. You con depend on
SKINNER for performance and dependobility.

The Skinner Irrigation Company

150 W. Water St., Troy, Ohio

i

KINNER

YSTEM,

Diom. of Uniform
Coverage in ft.

Ofher sizes
available^ ask
lor Catalog.

No. Sup.
1" inlel.

3
<P
Q

3-
Q

a

3
C

CP-

l'/4

135
145
155
180
190

Noil

e Site

Pressure ol

Diomcter

Diom. Uni.

Sprinkler

Coverage

orm Coverage

6PM

Main

Secondary

y."

'h"

35

120

102

16.

45

125

106

18.

60

135

115

21.

%"

t %"

40

130

110

21.5

50

135

115

23.5

70

145

123

28.2

Twe«ty-five

pointed out that small amounts of
poison spread in these limited areas
will effectively control the young
hoppers, whereas once they have
migrated out of their egg-laying
areas it requires more material to
cover the increased area and it is
much more difficult to control the
hoppers as they grow older.

The threatened area in Wiscon-
sin in the present invasion happens
to be in the vicinity of the more
important cranberry-growing areas
and it is held, therefore, import-
ant that growers familiarize them-
selves with the facts and be pre-
pared to meet any emergency.

oped by J. Rogers Brick was given
by C. A. Doehlert. A tractor
loader, three flat farm wagons on
pneumatic tires, another tractor
for hauling the wagons from the
sand piles to the bog and back
kept the loader, hauler and, six
men spreading sand on the bog

busy all of the time. Light plank
trackways were used for running
out onto the bog.

Next on the program was a talk
on cranberry fireworms and blos-
som worms by W. E. Tomlinson,
Jr. A brief description of life his-
tory, habits and control for all

New Jersey
Annual Meeting

The 78th Annual Meeting of the
American Cranberry Growers' As-
sociation was called to order at
10.30 a. m., January 31, 1948, at
the Walt Whitman Hotel, Camden,
N. J., with President Enoch F.
Bills in the chair. Eighty mem-
bers and guests were present.

Following the introductory re-
marks of Mr. Bills, an illustrated
talk on the sanding method devel-

THOMAS BROTHERS
General Contractors

MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

Tel. Middleboro 772

Concrete Flumes and PumpwelU
Transit Mix Concrete

Complete Line of Construction Equipment
Excavating - Grading - Hauling

Leave the Tough Jobs for Us
Our Experience is Your Guarantee

TO ALU BEST WISHES FOR 1948!

XTter x\# -L#e 1^

age

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 740

"KEEP SMILING"

Peter A. LeSage ^^„„„„^^

Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries Tei. Barnstable i07

Twenty-six

species of firewornis that might be
encountered on the bog was given.
The importance of controlling the
first brood of fireworms was point-
ed out, as well as the importance
of detecting and controlling blos-
som worms before they become
over half grown and. before their
destructive capacity is too great.

D. 0. Boster of the N. J. Crop
Reporting Service reported on the
latest information on the 1947 cran-
berry crop. Why monthly surveys
are necessary throughout the grow-
ing and harvesting season was well
illustrated by the changes from
month to month in New Jersey in
1947.

C. A. Doehlert reviewed the work
of the year on comparisons of DDT
and pyrethrum for the control of
blunt-nosed cranberry leafhopper.
The records showed in a striking
way that excellent control was ob-
tained with both materials when
the application was thorough and
uniform. On the other hand, a
number of bogs tested, showed just
about perfect control in many por-
tions of the bog, with little or no
control in scatered areas. No mat-

ter what equipment is used to ap-
ply these materials, a certain de-
gree of supervision and thorough-
ness is necessary in order to avoid
serious "misses" from which re-

infestation of the bog takes place.
R. B. Wilcox described the con-
ditions which caused the unusual
fruit rot infestation of 1947, and
pointed out the need for at leas t

Cranberry Growers

Please do not wait until the hole is dug to order your flumes.
Prefabricated means we build them for you, you just instaU them.
Give us time to do your work.

Flumes — Prefabricated

Sliding Gate Reservoir Flumes— the kind that let you sleep on
frosty nights. t, • .

Dog-leg Reservoir Flumes— for Oxygen Enrichment.
Flashboard-type Lower Flumes— for close regulation of water
levels.
With Armco Pipe

Long Lengths— few joints — easy to handle. , .^.
Galvanized, asbestos bonded, completely coated, with a paved
bottom to take the wear.

And No Spiling , ,

Instead, on short pipes, reservoir flumes, or where eels and
muskrats are bad, use a corrugated-iron seepwall collar, ex-
tending two feet above, below, and both sides of pipe.

Assembled in a few hours

Excavating and backfilling your chief problem.

No Settlement .^ ^ u **

Except as the whole dike settles, even on the softest bottom.

R. A. TRUFANT — Hydraulic Consultant

Tel. Carver 64-11 - Bog Railroads For Sale or Rent - North Carver, Mass.

FREDERICK V. LAWRENCE, Inc.

Construction - Manufacturing - Building Materials
Transit Mix Concrete

Main Office — Falmouth, Tel. FAL 613 Hyannis, Tel. HY 300

WAREHAM PLANT— ELM ST., WAREHAM— TEL. WRHM. 1180

To Cranberry Growers — Our services, backed by a complete hne
of construction equipment, are available for the building or repairing
of bogs, flumes and pump wells. Surveys of your requirements and
quotations given w^ithout obligation.

Twenty-seven

three fniit rot sprays in New Jer-
sey, beginning at the peak of bloom
wherever there is a real rot prob-
lem. In 1947 Karbam, Zerlate and
Karbam White all ranked high with
Fermate in the control of fruit rot.
Thomas D. Mulhern, designer of
new ditching machinery for use on
mosquito marshes, gave an illus-
trated lecture on the construction
and use of two new ditching ma-
chines. The Association decided
to visit the Annual Convention of
the New Jersey Mosquito Exter-
mination Association in April to
witness demonstrations of these
new machines. The meeting ad-
journed to convene again on March
17 in Pemberton for the discussion
of weed control, at which time Dr.
Chester Cross will be the principal
speaker.

BEATTIE

(Continued from Page 4)

with some pride passed out a few
copies of the 1947 Cranberry Weed
Control Chart. We understand that
this is the only chart of its type
that deals solely with weeds.

The luncheon on Friday was ad-
dressed, by New York's Commis-
sioner of Agriculture, and during
the afternoon the Conference held
its business session. Dr. Cross
was appointed to the large Re-
search Committee of the Confer-
ence, which will make every effort
to obtain rapid transfer of inform-
ation between the research mem-
bers of the Conference.

Dr. Cross says he went to the
Conference in hopes of obtaining
some definite information about
chemicals that would kill grasses,
bull briers, grape vines, Japanese
honeysuckle, and wlid morning glo-
ries. He learned that 2,4D can be
used to kill grape vines, morning
glory, and the honeysuckle. If the
sodium salt of the 2,4D is used,
there is no volatilization of the 2,4D
and adjacent untreated plants will

not be injured by the spray unless
wind drift carries the spray to
them. He also learned, that ally^
minxed phenyl carbonate is sup-
posed to be especially toxic to
grasses, as is also ammonium tri-
chloro acetate. He has already ar-
ranged for sample quantities of
these two to be sent to him for

tests this year. No one seemed
hopeful about killing bull briers,
but 2, 4, 5 trichlorophenoxyacetic
acid was suggested as being capa-
ble of it. With a name like that
it should work even on bull briers,
but Dr. Cross will be trying it dur-
ing this coming season, so time
will tell.

r.//:^';.-#y/ff-

TILLER Mr/r#^

# Full hof-up«war motor

# Povitiv* Mtlon, multi-

pl« disc clutch.
^ Full tiled */»"tlKtHc

•Hoy itMl tinct.

EZZZZZQ

ARIENS.COMMMY.r BRILLION.WIS.

Twenty-eight

Spring Arrives Again...

ELECTRICITY

Is at Your Service for

your Spring activities, in

your work and at your home.

Plymouth County Electric Co.

WAREHAM

Tel. 200

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 1300

Beaton's Distributing Agency

NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS
of

Qafie. Qod Q^anAeAMU

for over a quarter century
in United States and Canada

Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 130 or 970

L«SS

^^'

s^Sf

^Y«»S

,^v««*

>,^^>^

Consistent Year 'Round

NEWSPAPER
ADVERTISING

h producing conitantl^
increasing, Sales'

It will pay you DIVIDENDS
to deal with

MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS

INC,

BRIDGETON

NEW JERSEY

Represented by
BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY

WAREHAM, MASS.

Only fine quality cranberries,
jugor and water go into MIN-OT'S
—assuring you tlie full cronberry
flovor ttiot adds unique
tostiness to ony meoll Try
MIN-OT'S witti meat, fish or
fowl— its zestful flavor
mokes oil foods deliciously
tempting ... its jellied per-
fection mokes serving eosy!

■MOr TO Sf»V£

for oW-(oi*io»«<. »*»!• '«"' ■o'^'. ^r CONW<rS.

FOR ALL OCCASIONS

(Back to

Orderly Mlitrloutlon . . •

In this post-war world of confusion the cranberry business is grad-
ually settling back to normal. That means the fresh fruit market soon
will be back to its rightful place.

The Exchange has always been primarily a fresh fruit sales ag-
ency, devoting its efforts to selling the crop promptly, having it con-
sumed and returns made to grower-members during the current season.

If you, like so many others, want to support the fresh cranberry
market, NOW is the time to .ioin the American Cranberry Exchange
which has been selling cranberries throughout this country and Canada
for 41 years.

The American Cranberry Exchange, Inc.

The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative
I . "II. S. Department of Agriculture License No. 1."

Marketers of

Eatmor
Cranberries

Chicago

New York

RVINC A $12,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY

APE COD
<EW JERSEY
WISCONSIN
OREGON
WASHINGTON

"ART' BENSON

in front of his barbecue fireplace. (Story page 7). (CRANBERRIES Pho:o)

30 Cents

April, 1948

You Need Them All

Extensive knowledge, long experience, and modern facilities are required to plan,
and market cranberries in today's complex world.

The Growers' Cranberry Co. have All three.

Our knowledge of cranberry problems is attested by the fact that our growers are
among the leaders of the industry. Our experience as marketing agents and advisers
dates back to 1895.

53 Years

Our facilities are country-wide and include loss prevention, claim collection, sup-
plies, and other vitally impoitant services to the gi'ower. Just telephone or write us
today for more details.

Growers Cranberry Company, Inc.

PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY

Do You Need A Home for Your Cranberries
in 1948 and Future Years ?

If you do, join the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company and the Amer-
ican Cranberry Exchange. These two organizations in the past have
assured their members of a market and a good financial return on their
crops, and will continue to do so in the future. Over 40 years of faith-
ful, intelligent, satisfactory service and excellent returns to the growers
should be enough evidence. We invite you to become a member of the
Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company — at this time or any time in the
future.

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

(A Cooperative)

l^uJUi a. TKoAk^

ad

'fi.AJira^ (fou ^ulCd "^ofd

There's more to selling cranberries than loading them on a truck beside the bog.

In this picture NCA's North Carolina broker, Harry P. Stokfeley, discusses Ocean
Spray's Chicken 'n Cranberry campaign with John Reid, manager of Reid's Super Mar-
kets, Charlotte, North Carolina. (Incidentally, Mr. Reid was chosen Grocer-of-the
Month for December.) Soon after this conference. Ocean Spray-and-Chicken displays
went up in all Mr. Reid's stores, and shoppers in Charlotte began developing a new
chicken-and-CTanberry habit.

From behind-the-scenes conferencss like this come hundreds of new displays, new
promotional ideas . . . and new customers for Ocean Spray Cranberry Sauce.

The National Cranberry Association, its brokers and customers, are working to-
gether to keep the demand for cranberries one jump ahead of the supply.

JOIN WITH NCA TO BUILD A BIGGER MARKET FOR BIGGER CROPS.

National Cranberry Association

The Growers' Cooperative

Hanson, Massachusetts
Onset, Massachusetts
Plymouth, Massachusetts

Branches at:

North Harwich, Massachusetts
Dennis, Massachusetts
Bordentown, New Jersey
North Chicago, Illinois

Coquille, Oregon
Markham, Washington
Long Beach, Washington

DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREHAM 162

S. C. M. Packard & Go.

Hardware — Locksmiths
For Maintenance Supplies

Marinefte &
Menominee Box Co.

Marinette, Wisconsin

BOXES. BOX SHOOKS, CRATING
WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES

M & M's 64th Year

Servinf the Wisconsin
Cranberry Growers

Extensive Experience in
ELECTRICAL WORK

At Screenhouses, Bofs and
Pumps Means Satisfaction

ALFRED PAPPI

WAREHAM* MASS. Tal. 616

USE DYNAMITE

The modern way to re-
move stumps, excavate
rocks, DIG CORES FOR
DIKES, and other blasting
work in cranberry growing.
Speeds up work — reduces costs.
CONSULT WITH US ON ANY
WORK YOU ARE PLANNING.
Trained by Hercules Powder Co.

ALTON J. SMITH

High St., Hanson, Mass.
' Tel. Bryantville 209-R-3

VOLTA OIL CO.

Distributor of the Famous

TEXACO

WATER WHITE

KEROSENE

For your Bog

Tel. 840 Ply. Plymouth, Mass.
525 Ply. 35 Main St.

J. W. Hurley Co.

Blue Coal

New England Coke

Fuel Oil

24-HOUR
FUEL OIL SERVICE

WATER WHITE BOG OIL

149 Main St. Wareham, Mass.

Tel. 24-2

Edwin K. Greer Co.

WAREHAM, MASS.
Est. 1891 Tel. Wareham 108

PIONEERS RETAILERS OF
BUILDING MATERIALS

CATERING To The CRANBERRY
INDUSTRY

LUMBER DRAIN PIPE

WOOD PRESERVERS BOLTS

TOOLS

H. R. Bailey Co.

South Carver j

Massachusetts I

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.
in stock

Morris April Bra

Bridgeton Tuckah

New Jersey 1

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

Wood
County
National
Bank

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

MCMBCR PCDKRAL DKPOaiT
INSURANCE CORPORATION

SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY

ADAMS & GOULD

Lumber Dealers

"Everything Under Cover"

East Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 648

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Paints - Hardware

Attention
Cranberry
Growers ! !

We have

Drain Pipe

Large Sized Terra Cotta

Makes a Permanent Installation

RALPH W. ELLIOT

Sandwich Rd., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 794

Mail Address: Buzzards Bay, RFD

Plumbing and Heatinff Service

KROP-SAVER

brand

INSECTICIDES
FUNGICIDES

For the Cranberry Grower

CROP-SAVER
CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc.

3511 West Potomac Avenue
Chicago 51, Illinois

Cape & Vineyard
Electric Company

Offices:

Chatham

Falmouth
Hyannis

Vineyard Haven

Established 1848

Hall & Cole

Incorporated

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

94 Faneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON, MASS.

Acushnet
Saw Mills Co.

GOOD
WOOD BOXES

Cranberry Growers

Order Harvest and

Shipping Boxes

New Bedford, Man.

Est. 1865

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES
SPECIALTIES

Car Lot Receivers

Harvest

and

Shipping
Boxes

Jesse A. Holmes & Son

Carver, Mass.

Tel. Carver 10-3

The National Bank of Wareham

Conveniently located for Cranberry men

Funds always available for sound loans

Complete Banking Service

Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.

Mass. Cranberry
Station and Field Notes

by J. RICHARD BEATTIE
Extension Cranberry Specialist

One of the first topics of conver-
sation when cranberry growers
congregate is the present market-
ing situation. This highly contro-
versial subject has been both
cussed and discussed all winter.
The cranberry clubs and schools
have featured talks on marketing.
However, there was another meet-
ing on marketing not reported be-
fore, which will be of interest to
all growers. Reference is made to
the Farm Marketing Outlook Con-
ference held in Cambridge, March
2 and 3. A group of approximately
200 growers, market officials, and
agency representatives met to con-
sider the marketing problems con-
fronting the major agricultural
commodities within the Common-
wealth. The cranberry industry
was well represented and met as a
separate agricultural enterprise
for the first time. In fact, 16
cranberry growers were present at
this conference, and the time and
eflfort that they gave is greatly ap-
preciated. The names of those at-
tending are found at the conclusion
of this report. (The writer would
like to add that they made a very
good account of themselves as
would be fitting the representa-
tives of the state's largest export
crop — Cranberries.) After care-
ful deliberation and a fine spirit of
cooperation among all growers
present, the following report was
prepared and presented to thg en-
tire conference. (Please note. By
the time this report is read, a
meeting will have been held by the
Massachusetts Agricultural Pro-
gram Board to consider Ihc pro-
posed recommendations and to take
the necessary action.)
1948 Farm Marketing Outlook
Conference, Cambridge,
March 2 and 3
Report of the Cranberry Committee
Introduction:

This is the first Marketing Out-
look Conference at which the cran-
berry industry has been repre-
sented as a separate agricultural
commodity. The cranben y com-
mittee has found the conference
most instructive and take-; pleas-
ure in presenting this report. In
order to better understand the po-
sition of the cranberry industry in
the agricultural picture of the
Commonwealth, the committee
"would like to call to the attention
of the conference the foUowiui.;
pertinent facts.

Cranberries are the largest ex-
port crop in the state, and markets
by far the largest portion of the
crop outside the Commonwealth.
Approximately two-thirds of the
world's cranberries are raised
within this state. In 1946, recog-
nized as a bumper crop, the gross
receipts for cranberries were $10,-
000,000 from 15,000 acres of bog.
It is with some pride that we sub-
mit these facts. However, we, too,
have our marketing problems and
after careful deliberations make
the following recommendations.
Educational Field:

It is imperative that greater at-
tention be devoted to the produc-
tion and, marketing of quality
fruit. This is an educational job
that begins with the grower and
ends with the consumer. It is the
recommendation of the committee
that an active educational pi'ogram
be inaugurated to teach growers
how to properly raise, grade, pack-
age and handle their crops. The
Extension Service is the logical
agency to instigate such a pro-
gram.

It is the opinion of the group
that suitable standards of quality
for fresh and, processed fruit be es-
tablished and that further study be
given this problem. We recom-
mend that this responsibility be

delegated the Division of Markets,
Massachusetts Department of Ag-
riculture, and the Cape Cod Cran-
berry Growers' Association.

It is recognized tliat many grow-
ers have been extremely lax in
sending in their crop estimates to
the Crop Reporting Service. This
information is vital to our market
ing program. We urge greater
cooperation on the part of growers
with the U. S. Crop Reporting Ser-
vice. Therefore, it is recommend-
ed that the Extension Service be
delegated the responsibility of
encouraging growers to report
their individual crop estimates.
The Field of Research:

It is the opinion of the commit-
tee that considerable research data
is available in the field of quality
fruit, particulai'ly as it concerns
the keeping quality of our berries,
the composition, and methods of
handling.

It is the recommendation of the
group that the Experiment Station
assemble all such available data
pertaining to this subject and pre-
pare it for publication.

It is further recommended that
marketing research be initiated
with particular reference to: (1)
Size and type of trade package and
jackaging materials, (2) Consum-
er trade pi-eferences, (3) Type of
trade outlets that will produce vol-
ume sales, and (4) Continued re-
search in the use of cranberry by-
products.

Orderly Division of the Crop, both
Fresh and Processed:

We recognize the need for
greater cooperation and coordina-
tion by all growers and marketing
agencies for the orderly distribu-
tion of cranberries, both fresh and
processed, throughout the country.

It is the recommendation of this
group that a committee represent-
ing the cranberry industry meet
to discuss the more orderly distri-
bution of the crop and that the
Massachusetts Agricultural Pro-
gram Board assist in the appoint-
ment of this committee.

It is further recommended that
all other cranberry-growing areas
in the country consider seriously
the appointment of a similar com-
mittee to cooperate jointly on this
particular marketing problem.

(Continued on Page 32)

Four

Ij^oNM cmBEmy H,o,^€ij_

Issue of April, 194S — Vol. 12. No. 12

Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop. Main St., Wareham. Massachusetts. Subscription, $3.00 per year.
Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 187t.

FRESH FROM THE FIELDS

By C J. H.

MASSACHUSETTS

Spring weather arrived officially
and actually on March 20th, after
the most rugged winter in many
years. With some exceptions the
temperature remained high, which
was still welcome, except for the
spring scum situation. Highest
temperature for the month was 63
on the 21st and the lowest was -5
on the 6th. Rainfall, including
snow, was 4.71.

There is much concern as to how
much the unusual winter situation
may have damaged the bogs
through oxygen deficiency. Dr.
Bergman says this will be a most
interesting year to observe in this
respect, as a similar situation has
not existed, at least since oxygen
deficiency studies have been so
far advanced. Dr. H. F. Bergman
already expects a crop in this
state of "below normal", because
of oxygen deficiency.

Figures have been gathered in
Plymouth County, which has an
acreage of 10,409, in response to a
a requested survey by J. T. Brown
and Cranberry Specialist "Dick"
Beattie, which show that the num-
ber of acres which had water with-
drawn from under the ice in Jan-
uary was 3,693, the total acreage
of bog not flooded by January 1
was 1,113. In other words, 78 per
cent of acreage was not under
water in parts of January and Feb-
ruary.

WISCONSIN

Frost warning service is to start
April 15th and will continue until
October 1.5th, rather than April 1,
as this seems to be a normal
spring. One new radio station has
been added to the system broad-

casting the warnings and that is
WEAU, Eaue Claire. Broadcasts
have been staggered so that if a
grower misses one forecast he can
probably pick up another.

It has been estimated that ap-
proximately 350 to 400 acres of
new marsh is to be planted this
spring. A larger percent than
previously will be planted to Mc-
Farlins, but the majority will still
be Jumbo Searles.

A helicopter demonstration was
held in the latter part of March
and this service will be available
for members of the Wisconsin
Cranberry Sales Company.

NEW JERSEY

Precipitation

Rainfall has been below normal
for March at Pemberton with only
2.62 inches recorded out of a 3.59
inch normal; 2.5 inches of snow
fell on the 4th.

Temperature

Following a cold start, March
warmed up considerably during
the third week with a total of 87°
being recorded at Pemberton on
the 21st. The average daily mean
temperature through the 29th was
44.1° or 2° above normal. This is
the first month since last October
which has had normal, or above
normal temperatures.

Dr. Cross Speaks

On March 17th, Dr. Chester E.
Cross spoke on weed control at a
meeting of the American Cran-
berry Growers' Association held in
Grange Hall, Pemberton. This
meeting was a continuation of the
Annual Meeting and was open to
all interested persons, whether
members of the Association or

not. Seventy-eight growers and
friends were present. Besides a
very interesting discussion of weed
control, there was keen interest in
Dr. Cross's report of a new disease
in cranberries on the Cape. Grow-
ers wondered just what their re-
sponsibility will be in regard to
bringing vines from Massachu-
setts for the replanting of their
bogs.

Carrying out the program of
the Experiment Station for grow-
er meetings on all the important
phases of cranberry growing,
there will be a demonstration of
mechanical planting at Whitesbog
on April 13 at 1.30 p. m. This is
sponsored by the Cranberry and
Blueberry Research Laboratory
and the County Agents of the
three cranberry counties. In case
of bad weather, a second date will
be arranged at the gathering on
the 13th.

Boosting I'roduction

The American Cranberry Grow-
ers' Association has taken a step
which many feel should go a long
way in boosting New Jersey's an-
nual production of cranberries.
On March 11th, President D. M.
Crabbe called upon the Executive
Committee to "promote all mat-
ters for the betterment of the
cranberry industry and to com-
plete unfinished worthy programs
already initiated by the American
Cranberry Growers' Association".
The new Cranberry Industry Com-
mittee has already had two meet-
ings. C. A. Doehlert was asked to
outline the organization and activ-
ities of all branches of the work
at the Research Laboratory. He
also laid before the group the urg-
ent need for fundamental research
(Continued on Page 16)

Five

Cape Cod Meeting ■
''Open" Meeting on
at Wareham

Directors of Cape Cod Cran-
berry Growers' Association at an
all-day session at State Bog,
March 15th, gave the green light
for plans for the Association's
spring- meeting and exhibition at
Wareham Memorial Town Hall,
Wednesday, April 21st. The equip-
ment and supplies display held
last year, followed by a business
meeting and program, was so suc-
cessful that the same general out-
line will be followed this year.

The exhibition will be opened in
the basement cf the Town Hall
(for some equipment out of doors)
at ten o'clock a. m. A caterer's
lunch will be serve I at noon, and
the business meetJig will open
at 2. The last hour and a half of
the meeting will be given over to
reports by Dr. Franklin and other
members of the East Wareham
Experiment Station. Also invited
to attend are newly-appointed Com-
missioner of Agriculture John
Chandler, Director F. J. Sievers of
University of Massachusetts, Di-
rector of Extension Willard Mun-
son. County Agent Leader James
W. Dayton, Ralph Van Meter, act-
ing president of the University,
Walter Piper, Mass. Dept. of Agri-
culture, Congressman D. W. Nich-
olson, and State Senator Edwai-d
A. Stone.

The committee in charge of the
exhibition is Nahum Morse, chair-
man, assisted by George E. Short.
Cranberry Specialist "Dick" Beat-
tie was given charge of advance
publicity for the affair.

Presidinsr at the all-day direc-
tors' meeting was President "Rus"
Makepeace, and those attending
were Treasurer Harry Hornblow-
er 2nd., Secretary G. T. Beaton,
E. L. Bartholomew, Melville C.
Beaton, Dr. H. J. Franklin, Orrin
G. Colley, John F. Heriott, George
E. Short, Nahum Morse, John
Shields, County Agent Bertram
Tomlinson, "Dick" Beattie, and
recording secretary. Miss Thelma
Laukka.

Besides making plans for the
exhibition two other important

Six

- Exhibition April 21.
Public Relations
Town Hall, April 26

topics were discussed, these being
plans for furthering cranberry
"publicity" or "public relations",
perhaps through a "Cranberry In-
stitute", and the possibility of the
Association establishing scholar-
ships at University of Massachu-
setts for deserving young men who
might be expected to make cran-
berry culture their life work.

"Mel" Beaton read a report of
a recent committee consisting of
himself, George Crowell, Stanley
Benson and Orrin Colley, which
had considered the matter of "pub-
licity" for cranberries. The object
of this would be primarily to cre-
ate a greater demand for cranberry
consumption and to coordinate
these activities. After debate con-
cerning the advisability of estab-
lishing such a committee, it was
moved that the first committee
appoint a committee which would
be permanent or "standing" to
consider "public relations" and that
this committee arrange for a
mass meeting.

This committee was appointed
and consists of Miss Ellen Still-
man, Ferris C. Waite, J. T. Brown,
director Plymouth County Exten-
sion Service; Bertram Tomlinson,
Barnstable County Agricultural
Aeent, Extension Cranberry Spec-
ialist Beattie, R. Harold Allen,
Taunton; E. L. Bartholomew,
Wareham; Homer L. Gibbs, West
Warehftm: Seth Collins, Waquoit;
Peter LeSage, Yarmouth; William
Wyeth. Wareham; Walter Rowley,
West Wareham; George A. Crow-
ell, Plymouth; Stanley Benson,
Middleboro; Maurice B. Makepeace,
Wareham; Melville C. Beaton,
Wareham; and the presidents of
the four cranberry clubs.

The committee met at the office
of the A. D. Makepeace Company
March 29th, with M. C. Beaton
acting as temporary chairman, and
plans were completed for this
"mass" meeting to be held at the
Wareham Memorial Town Hall,
April 26th at 7.30 p. m. Speakers
are to be Commissioner Chandler,
who is secretary of the Northeast

Apple Institute; Edward A. Ryan,|
who is interested in the New Eng-|
land-New York State Apple Insti-j
tute; and Harold Rotzel of Boston,
who is associated with the Newt
England Egg Institute.

The purpose of this meeting is
to consider ways and means of
bettering public relations and pro-
moting the sales of cranberries.

This meeting is to be for the
purpose of the explanation of the
objectives and workings of an in-
stitute and not for organization.

As concerns the Associatiorj
scholarship, President Makepeact
and Dr. Franklin were appointee
to name a third "grower" membei
and act as a committee to go tc
the Univei'sity at Amherst ant
see what arrangements could b<
most suitably worked out.

Financial affairs of the Associ-
ation were renorted as very satis
factory by Treasurer Hornblower t
and it was brought out the associl
ation is stronger in membershij)
than a year ago, but a still largeit
membership would be desirable anci
even closer cooperation with thtj
four cranberry clubs. It was votecj
the Association join the Plymouth)
County Farm Bureau. It was vot-)
ed a letter of sympathy be sent thej
family of the late I. E. Hiller of)
Marion, member of the association,
A vote was passed that no printed
report of the April meeting be
published, but that it be incorpor-
ated in the printed report of the
annual meeting in August. Dr. j
Franklin reported that color plates!
would be available for his forth- j
coming bulletin on "Cranberry!
Insects."

Attention
Bog Owners

Why Not Subscribe
to

CRANBERRIES
Magazine

for your Foreman?

It would be a Good
Business Investment

nIECSCO Manager Art Benson
; also Benson, Cranberry Grower

xecutive Officer of Largest Unit of ACE Operates Bogs
and Livestock Farm Near Middleboro — Farmhouse He
Has Restored Is Historical and Unique.

By CLARENCE J. HALL

General Manager Arthur D. Benson of New England Ci'anberry
lies Company has become Cranberry Grower Arthur D. Benson, too.
nee 1908 — one year after this largest unit of the American Cranberry
cchange was organized, he has been associated with it. He began as
ief clerk and bookkeeper and upon the death of Treasurer Churchill
August 1915 he has been treasurer and manager.. Since 1938 he has
en learning the actual problems of a grower in the hardest and best
jy, by becoming a grower himself. This is by no means to imply that
wasn't thoroughly familiar with them before, because he could not
:ve directed the efforts of the co-op unless he had made himself so.
it being a grower does give a new "slant."
Not only has he become a grow-

of cranberries, he's pretty much
rned himself into a farmer on a
lall scale, for his spare time
len he isn't working at his job

general manager of the Sales
mpany.

At Lakeville, adjacent to Mid-
•boro headquarters of NECSO,

has bought 152 acres of prop-
;y. This includes a unique and
;toric farmhouse. Here he has
, out 11 acres of bog. He owns
more at nearby Loon Pond,
lybody can always learn a little
ire about any subject. By be-
Tiing a practical grower it seems
jbable he can increase the ex-
•mely intricate knowledge of
! industry which he has built up
2r so many years.

The Tanyard
The property was bought with
. Leonard Baker of Middleboro.
to died a few years ago and was
;o-builder of the bog. This farm
g is called "The Tanyard" be-
use of the fact a tannery was
i last of thi'ee ancient enter-
ises which were located at the
€. The first was a mill for mak-
? cotton batten, which was in
icessful operation until the
making out of the War of 1812,
lich caused such great financial
iaster to many of the industries

New England. The second was
shoe factory, and the third a
inery which was carried on for
number of years by General
)hraim \Vard, who achieved con-

siderable fame in the Civil War.
Water power was used in the op-
eration of these plants, and this
same source of water, enlarged to
25 acres, is now Benson's reser-
voir. This is located between low,
but rather steep hills, which catch-
es the natural watershed, this
water source being supplemented
by springs.

On both bogs his plantings are
about 50-50 Blacks and Howes.
The Loon Pond bog is being re-
built. There is good sand on
both properties. His biggest crop
to date at the "Tanyard" was in
1942 when it cropped at the rate
of 100 barrels to the acre. About
two acres more could be put in
there by cutting through a hill for
water supply, and additional bog
could also be put in at Loon Pond.

As Mr. Benson is a busy man
most of the time with his exacting-
duties at the Sales Company, he
has a full-time foreman, "Joe"
Briggs of Middleboro, to care for
his bog and farm and one or two
others on part-time basis. Al-
though he has an active manager
and workers, most every week end
and holiday will find "Art" Ben-
son doing some work himself on
the bogs 01' about the farm.
Hobbies

Mr. Benson has an interesting-
outdoor fireplace which he built
himself. This provides for the
entertainment of committees and
gatherings of the various 3ctiviti?s

in which he is interested. This
includes yearly gatherings of the
Lions club, meetings of committees
of Anawan Council of Boy Scouts,
Executive Committee of St. Luke's
Hospital (Middleboro), and a con-
venient meeting place for commit-
tees of the Sales Company, as well
as personnel of its various depart-
ments.

The soil on his property is
rather clayey and he has gone in
only slightly for vegetables or
other crop growing. But he does
make a hobby of his livestock.
This is not large, but it must be
admitted it is varied. As a unique
matter of fact his animals and
poultry are nearly all on the black
and white oi'der.

He has Holstein cows (2 at
present black and white, it may
be stated for those not well-in-
formed as to breeds of cows. He
has two black and white horses.
He has pigs, black and white. He
has Royal Palm turkeys, which
are black and white. He has a
flock of "silver-laced" Wyandotte
hens, also black and white. He
has a flock of Muscovy ducks,
which are rather on the black and
white side. He has a couple of
goats, white.

Finally he has a Dalmatian, this
coach dog, of course, being a
black and white spotted animal,
and a black and white cat. This
color scheme seems to have come
about more or less haphazardly
when he acquired his first Dal-
matian from C. D. Hammond, Jr.,
which incidentally was named
"Cranberry", and then the rest of
the black and whites just followed
along. Possibly he figures so
much black may help "keep the
farm out of the red."

Farmhouse Is Historic

As to the old farmhouse, locat-
ed near the entrance of his 152
acres, which are mostly pine-
wooded, this is one of the most
fascinating homes owned by any
cranberry grower. Thomas Wes-
ton's "History of the Town of
Middleboro" declares it to be
probably the oldest house in Mid-
dleboro. Mr. Benson has said it
was built in 1761, he understands,
as a "half-house", a type of build-
ing fairly common on Cape Cod.
in vvhich the builder erected half

Seven

of his dwelling, planning to add
the balance at a later date. It
had an entrance and one room on
the front.

The land was known to have
been owned by one James Sproat
in 1711: It was conveyed in 1737
to his son Robert, and in 1778 to
Zebedee Sproat. Robert was an
intense patriot and at the break-
ing out of the Revolutionary War
he had a floral design painted
over a portrait of King George
which had adorned the chimney
piece in a wood-paneled bed cham-
ber. A predecessor Tory Sproat
was said to have been ridden out
of town on a rail. But this Sproat
had had time to acquire some
very fine doors, panelling and
wainscotting from another Tory,
Judge Oliver, who had a great
"hall" at Muttock Hill.

The house was sold to General
Ephraim Ward in lo06 and it was
the Ward occupancy which has
given it its present name of the
"old Ward" house. The house was
added to in 1824 and again in
1829. Later it came into the pos-
session of the late Sprague S.
Stetson. Mr. Stetson, in making
some repairs on the most ancient
part of the structure, found it was
boarded by two and one-half inch
oak planks which were spiked on-
to the sills and beam to form, His-
torian Weston wrote, a garrison
house against attacks from the
Indians.

At present the house is story
and a half with seven rooms and
an "office" study. It has three
fireplaces, all of which have been
restored and are in use. The
rooms have wide floor boards;
there are interesting "musket"
corner posts, so called beteiuse the
timbers are shaped like the butt
of a musket. A beam in one of
the rooms is bowed.

Exquisite I'anelling

There is a good deal of really
exquisite panelling and detail
in the woodwork. The mantel
piece of one room was called such
an unusual piece of work that it
was accorded an article in "Pencil
Points", architectural publication.
The "King's room", previously
mentioned, with its all-wood finish
in the manner of ancient houses,
has luxurious draperies painted on

its walls and a "covering" sten-
cilled on the floor. However, actu-
ally, as concerns King George's
portrait, Mr. Benson says he has
scraped away a little of the floral
design, but has yet to find the
royal painting beneath.

Perhaps the most interesting of
the historical features of this
house are two narrow halls or
closets under the roof which run
across the front of the building.
The "Ward" house has always
been known as one of the last
"stations" on the underground
railway by which slaves escaped
to freedom in the North. In other
words, its reputation is that it
was a distributing point from
which slaves were liberated after
having made their way from the
South.

Last Step Underground Railway
In one of these narrow closets,
up against the eaves is a series
of small doors which open into a
very narrow and low passageway
which runs across the house into
the other closet. It was said this
closet was painted black and the
fugitive slaves were hidden there.
This passageway, which could be
locked off by the small doors, was
a means of escape for the slaves
in case the house was visited by
those who were opposed to the
liberation of the slaves. While
these persons were being enter-
tained, or detained, the slaves
could creep along the passage-
way, through the second closet,
and out through a window and
down a great tree which grew
close by the window. This tree
was blown down in the November
1047 storm. In cutting off the
stump Mr. Benson noted by the
number of rings that the tree was
over one hundred years old.

Benson, of course, does not
vouch for the authenticity of
these romantic tales, but they are
local legend, and there are the
queer closet spaces and the other
odd facts about the house. When
he got the house it was in a con-
siderable state of dis-repair, but
he has painstakingly had it I'e-
stored and built over into a spac-
ious and very comfortable farm
residence. He has not disturbed
its original features any more
than was necessary. His own par-

ticular retreat in this picturesq
dwelling in its isolated setting
a room which is beautifully wait
rotted and has a large fireplai
Here he retires to think out pre
lems of New England Sales ma
agement and of his own farm
Benson Now Member of NECS«
By becoming a cranberry gro
er in his own right, Mr. Bens
became eligible to become a me
ber of NECSCO with one vote,
any other member. He has hai
led the business of this one-me
ber, one-vote co-op for 33 yes
now, coming to the organizat.
when a young man in his ea.
twenties. Born in Bridgewat
he is a graduate of Brockton Bv
ness College, and began his cari
by being employed by the N-
York, New Haven & Hartfi
Railroad. He knew freight ral
railroads and shipping before cc
ing to the Sales Company,
had worked as bookkeeper in
Brockton office of the railroad,
the traffic department at Bost)
and when he quit the road to en
cranberries was assistant cb
clerk at Taunton.

Besides being executive head
the NECSCO, he is an elected
i-ector of American Cranberry 1
change, and for some years was
director of NECSCO until II
year when he was not one of tb
elected, which he says proves tl
the co-op is truly democratic. Tl
year he may or may not be
turned to the board.

At any rate, his experience
active cranberry grower shoi
make him more sympathetic
the down-to-earth problems of ■
producer in his executive positi
and, conversely, being execut
of a cranberry co-op should ms
him as a grower more famil
with the broader aspects of i
industry. It looks like a two-M
street to increasing foresight
around.

The barbecue fireplace sho
on the cover was built by Mr. Bi
son, himself. It has already
come locally well known as a Ci
ter of interest for gatherings
various natures. These have
eluded cranberry meetings
others of a civic nature, as he tal
an active part in such matters,
well as the cranberry industry,

Eisht

lirds are Cranberry Growers' Best Friend Cranberry Growing

by CLAY SCHOENFELD ^" WisCOnsin

Spring is here, and that of
course means that the birds are
:oming back to the cranberry
marshes.

Cranberry growers, faced with
many and varied insect problems,
aften fail to utilize the assistance
3f birds. The fact is that birds
encouraged to breed in the vicinity
3f your bog will provide valuable
help in controlling pests, accord-
ing to a study just completed by
University of Wisconsin ornithol-
Dgists.

Let's take a look at the insect
t enemies of cranberries and see
what ones are the natural prey of
birds — and of what birds.

Moths and their larvae are
l-among the most important insect
enemies of cranbei'ries. Leaf min-
ers are taken by the bobwhite and
the nighthawk. Leaf- roller moths
are eaten by the downy wood-
pecker, black-capped chickadees,
land the Brewer's blackbird. Snout
moths are consumed by the crow,
English sparrow, and red-winged
blackbird. The gypsy moth, an in-
troduced pest that occasionally in-
flicts great injury to cranberry
leaves, has been eaten by no less
than 46 kinds of birds, the scien-
;ists say.

More than 25 kinds of cutworms
are destructive to cranberries. The
most important among the bird
jnemies of these cxitworms are the
■uffed grouse, bob-white, killdeer,
apland plover, cuckoos, crow,
Tiockingbird, catbird, robin, blue-
Dird, starling, English sparrow,
Tieadow lark, blackbirds, orioles,
;owbird, cardinal, and various nat-
ve sparrows.

Gall midges and gnats are sub-
ject to attack by the chimney swift,
■liff swallow, black-capped chick-
adee, Baltimore oriole, and gold-
inch.

The blueberry maggot is one of
he fruit flies devoured by the
lighthawk, yellow-bellied flycatch-
'v, wood pewee, and tufted tit-
Tiouse.

Beetles are taken by upwai'ds of
00 species of birds, especially the
jurple grackle.

The cranberry sawfly has occas-
ioned serious loss through leaf
eating by the larvae. Sawflies
have been eaten by 78 species of
bog bii'ds, their most important
enemies being the ruffed grouse,
plovers, swallows, black-capped
chickadee, vireos, and the English
sparrow.

Bugs like the brown stinkbug
are attacked by the sharptailed
grouse, plover, starling, and mead-
ow lark. Many kinds of birds
take leaf bugs. At least 35 birds
commonly eat the spittle insects
and the lantern fly.

Grasshoppers and allied pests
such as katydids and crickets are
eaten by practically all species of
birds.

All in all, it looks like a cran-
berry grower's best friend is his
bird. Especially high on the list
of bird helpers are the English
sparrow, the European starling,
cuckoos, plovers, the nighthawk,
swallows, and fly-catchers.

To attract birds to your cran-
berry marsh is good business.
For 5 cents from the Government
Printing Office in Washington,
D. C, you can get a pamphlet on
"How to Attract Birds".

By VERNON GOLDSWORTHY

The requirements of a success-
ful cranberry marsh in Wisconsin
are undoubtedly different than they
are for the growing areas in Mas-
sachusetts or on the east coast in
general or the west coast, because
of the severity of our winters and
the method of harvesting in Wis-
consin by water raking.

Assuming that the individual
who goes in the cranberry busi-
ness in Wisconsin has enough cap-
ital and has the proper manage-
ment to guide him in his under-
taking, there are four main re-
quirements of a successful cran-
berry marsh. They are as fol-
lows:

Sufficient Water Supply

1) The water must be acid and
perfectly clear and free of much
organic matter. The marsh should
be located in an area where it
can not be flooded by overflows in
the spring by rivers or streams for
any extensive period.

With water supply from a reser-
voir it is usually necessary in
Wisconsin to have about 10 acres
of reservoirs for each aci'e of
marsh. If one is taking water out
of a lake by pumping and putting
it back into the lake, pi'obably one

VERNON GOLDSWQEITHY

WISCONSIN RAPIUS, WIS.

Cranberry Consultant on any

Cranberry Problem,
either Scientific or Practical.

Laying out New Marshes a Specialty.

Complete Marsh Management

and Supervision by year

can be arranged if desired.

B. S. - M. S.

University of Wisconsin

Nine

hiaish acre to five acres of lake
area is sufficient, if the lake has a
constant source of water supply
and does not vary too much.

It must be kept in mind that if
you are on a lake in Wisconsin,
while you are permitted to use the
water in the lake for the culture
of cranberries it must also be used
with discretion. The size of the
marsh must be limited • so that in
taking water out for the culture of
cranberi'ies you do not interfere
with the fish life or other wild life
in the lake or with the recreational
facilities on a lake on which there
are cottages or other recreational
facilities.

Proper Soil

2) The most desirable type of
soil undoubtedly is raw peat. This
should be from 3 to 6 feet deep.
Cranberries, of course, can be
grown on lands of muck or sand
origin with good results, but the
problem of culture is intensified
under such conditions. A too shal-
low peat covering over a sand sub-
soil makes it hard to hold the
ditches, and if the peat is too deep
it sinks, allowing the beds to get
out of level.

Usually the most desirable soils
will be found having brown bush,
spagnum moss and wire grass
grown on them. Such types of
soils usually make good marsh, as
this material is scalped off with
ease, or in some cases may be
plowed.

.3) Muck soils are apt to have
too high fertility and so promote
excessive vine growth, and weed
or grasses present a more difficult
problem than on peat soil.
Drainage

Two or three foot drainage is
almost an absolute necessity and
if you do not have this amount of
drainage the vines are apt not to
do well and the weed problem will
be much intensified. The best
marshes in Wisconsin have at least
two or three feet of drainage and
any place where the drainage is
not good usually has an intensified
weed problem to combat and al-
most inevitably has a lower pro-
duction than a marsh with good
drainage.

Sand

4) It is absolutely essential to
be close to a source of supply of

clean, sharp sand, as the marshes
which produce the best are those
which consistently follow a re-
sanding program every three or
four years. The sand should be
acid and should be free of dirt or
other foreign material.

In addition to the above four
requirements, it is advisable to try
to locate your marsh near to good
transportation facilities such as
I'oads and railroads, to be near a
town or other source of labor sup-
ply (such as a good farming com-
munity) and to be located near
other cranberry growers, partic-
ularly if you are starting in new
at the business and do not have
any previous cranberry know-
ledge.

A good cranberry marsh to be
successful must also be planted to
the proper variety. In Wisconsin
the Searls Jumbo is probably the
variety most suited to all growing
areas of the state, although it is
followed closely by the McFarlin,
which is often rated higher than
the Searls Jumbo in the central
part of the state, but it is too late
a variety for the northern part of
the state. Howes are planted to
some extent, but have not been
planted very extensively does not
seem to adapt itself as well as
Searls Jumbo and McFarlin varie-
ties to Wisconsin type of culture.

It might be well to point out
here that in Wisconsin, which has
considerable land available for the
culture of cranberries it is well to
try to select a site which is as level
as possible so as to avoid moving
any dirt if it can be avoided. Any-
place where part of the section is
filled in is usually a trouble spot
because it promotes excessive vine
growth and is usually troubled
with weeds more than the part
which is just scalped off.

Insofar as the proper size sec-
tions are concerned, in any of the
properties which I have managed
lately or have been instrumental
in developing or laying out, I have
made the sections from 100 to 125
feet wide and anywhere from 750
to 1100 feet long. A center ditch
is used in all cases and whether
the sections are 100 or 125 feet,
it is determined primarily by what
the drainage of the marsh is or

the level of the proposed — ite to
be planted.

By the use of the proper kind
of fertilizer on young plantings I
have gained almost a year in
bringing a new marsh into bearing
and recommend fertilizer in Wis
consin marshes if it can be applied
properly.

Plymouth County
Cranberry School

Final cranberry "school" foi
Plymouth County was held at tht
Atwood screenhouse (sometimes
called Edaville College), SoutB
Carver, March 16. Program com
sisted of a talk on marketing bj
Prof. Ellsworth W. Bell, extensior
economist, University of Massa-
chusetts, a report on the recenn
marketing conference at Cam>
bridge, by Kenneth Garside, and i
truly stirring and eloquent talk bj
Dr. H. J. Franklin. Final iten
was the presentation of a souveni;
scrapbook to Mr. Atwood bj
"Dick" Beattie, in appreciation 05
the fact Mr. Atwood has provider
headquarters for the school for it!
two-year course.

The scrapbook contained photo-
g-raphs, abstracts of lectures giv-
en, five pages of signatures ol
those attending, and news clipping:
from CRANBERRIES and othei
publications. This had been ar
ranged by Beattie and Dr. F. Bl
Chandler. In response, Mr. At-;
wood said he was sorry the schools
were ending and hoped some ar-
rangement could be made wherebj
these extremely popular gather-
ings of both new and old growers
could be continued next winter.
Veterans Graduating

William H. Tufts of Middleborc
High school, agricultural training
who conducted the actual in-train-
ing- classes, spoke briefly, telling
of what had been accomplished
He announced the following veter-
ans will complete their studies ir
cranberry growing May 15: Law-
rence S. Cole, North Carver; Ben-
jamin Hatch, Jr., East Wareham;
John J. Russell, Plymouth; Wil-
liam Stearns, Buzzards Bay; Frei
W. Bailey, Kingston; Ralph Gor-
ham, Brvantville. Four veteran

Ten

rolled in the Institutional "On-
rm" training had their programs
•minated during 1947 because
increased salary they earned
d reached a point that did not
;tify further training in this
Dgrani. Two veterans of the
ginal class of 16 transferred to
ler lines of business which of-
•ed higher salaries.
Although the school terminates
s spring, veterans working un-
r farm trainers are still eligible
' two more years of training,
oviding at the close of the course
;y can establish themselves on
commercial cranberry bog of
sir own. Consequently, some

the group may get set up so
eir program is uninterrupted.
»w recnaits are seeking in the
urse whenever vacancies occur.
The vets, aside from studying at
e unique school at Atwood's,
ve assembled for 50 hours of
ady. These indoor classes have

■t once each month at A. R.

rker's. East Bridgewater. Sev-
al classes have been scheduled
r the spring and summer at the
.gs to study insects, their con-
3l, to see dusting, and other
Itural procedures.

Dr. Franklin

Dr. Franklin's talk, which was
ally in the nature •f a com-
mcement address, began with his
:ollections of the cranberry in-
stry when he first came in,
out 1906, and told of the changes
d the development he had seen.
He gave a discussion upon in-
:ts, particularly stressing the
owing danger of Root Grub, now
at so many Massachusetts bogs
e 50 to 100 years old. He told
e new and older growers assem-
jd to "treasure your new bog",
these are apt to be less infest-
with grub or other insects.
leaking particularly to the new-
growers, he pointed out that
iges and all operating costs are
?h.

He said the present period was
mething like 1929 when the
3ck market crashed. He said
icle Sam has to have high taxes
day. Possible "War", in big
ack letters, is in the news again.
; was not trying to discourage
e newer growers, he continued,
t was merely pointing out haz-

ards. He then continued that "life
was a gamble, anyway, from the
from the cradle to the grave, so
perhaps it is well to attempt some
sort of a gamble, "but we shouldn't
be foolish about too much of a
gamble."

"Be Sure You Like Cranberry
Growing

He emphasized that the new
grower should not go into the
business of cranberry growing
solely with the idea of making
money. "Be sure you like cran-
berry growing and the life of a
cranberry grower. It is an inter-
esting business and no mistake
about that. If you take up cran-
berry growing and continue at it
through the years and really put
something into it, you will at least
have acquired a little education in
life."

"Marketing", by Prof. Bell

Professor Bell, introduced as a
speaker who could give an "out-
side" look on cranberry marketing,
said that in the earlier days suc-
cessful marketing of cranberries
depended largely upon the ability
of individuals to gauge the factors
of supply and demand. The sea-
son of marketing was relatively
short ( September through Decem-
ber), with the largest volume
around Thanksgiving. Then came
the administration of the market-
ing operations by cooperative or-
ganizations, and the marketing
scheme repaid the grower well, so
long as there existed sufficient po-
tential demand and the annual
production was insufficient to meet
the demand. He said this problem
was well handled by aggressive
sales promotion, and sales and
advertising programs yielded good
results.

Each year, he said, it was the
problem to decide on an opening
price that would encourage active
market buying on the part of the
trade and at the same time bring
the highest average returns to the
growers. It was the established
policy to open the season with a
relatively low price and then to
advance the price as the season
progressed. "This policy tended to
keep the good will of the whole-
sale and retail trade."

He said data showed the trend
over the past 20 years of the re-

lation between the opening price
for fresh cranberries and the price
later in the season has been nar-
rowing. He said it also seemed
possible to notice less fluctuations
in the price levels from year to
year in the more recent years.
He said these observations seem
to be particularly noticeable from
the period since 1935 when the
processing of cranberries reached
larger volume and became a mea-
surable factor in the analysis of
the market.

"Canning Aids Marketing"

"It is becoming apparent that
the development of processing in
the marketing operation has tend-
ed to aid rather than hinder the
marketing of fresh cranberries."

The industry had prospered and
total production gradually in-
creased in earlier years, but a lim-
it was reached and the law of di-
minishing returns began to apply
when production began to approx-
imate the fresh demand and the
expense of creating and promoting
additional demand did not propor-
tionately enhance the growers' in-
come from the sale of fresh ber-
ries. He said that since cranber-
ries are positively a perishable
crop, it became necessary to
broaden the sales base by process-
ing and extending the mai'ket over
the entire year. "It cannot be
said that processing and market-
ing cranberry products is in the
experimental stage," he continued.
"Operations have been carried on

(Continued on Page 15)

.4iiiiiBiiiiiM.ii<aiiii.aiiii{BiiiiiHi,iiM ■iiiiiBiiiiiauiiiaiih,.

Will See You

APRIL 21
at Wareham

SEE OUR
EXHIBIT

Frost Insecticide Co.

ARLINGTON
MASS.

'^llllll

■IIIIBII''
Eleven

fiditMals

ISSUE OF APRIL, 1948
Vol. 12 No. 12

MASSACHUSETTS "OPEN" MEETING

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS

THE industry this year is undoubtedly
faced with a situation which has
never existed before. This fact has now
become quite generally realized. It is that
more cranberries are being produced than
the being marketed, either in cans or as
fresh fruit. This surplus condition must
somehow be overcome if the industry is to
continue to be the sound one it has now
been for a considerable number of years.
Fortunately, growers have their minds at
work on means and methods of how to
overcome the difficulty which has arisen.
The mass, or "open" meeting which is to
be held at the Memorial Town Hall, Ware-
ham, the evening of April 26, may or may
not find some solution, or a suggestion of a
solution. At the very least it can provide
a meeting place for discussion. What is
done or suggested at this Cape Cod meet-
ing will, it would seem, be of much interest
to growers of all areas.

THERE IS REWARD IN EFFORT

THERE is more in cranberry growing
than simply the money which may be
realized from a crop. We are all engaged
in a struggle for a means of livelihood, in
which money has a certain importance.
The importance of cranberry culture, the
bog's care and nurture, sometimes means
the sacrifice of a good part of a year's in-
come. But this sacrifice brings a reward,
a pride in serving nature, and the satis-
faction of bringing to full and healthy
growth a most exacting vine.

Over a period of years a good cran-
berry grower, as with other agriculturists,
shares in moi-e of life's worthwhile gifts
than many others of us are privileged to
enjoy. It has been said that creative work
is the most satisfying of all endeavors.
When Nature brings a bog into bloom and
a grower surveys his prospect of fruit, he
knows the result of creative effort and
receives a cherished gift.

THE value of growers sending responses
to questionnaires was much appreci-
ated in Massachusetts by Cranberry Ex-

Subscription $3.00 per year
Advertising rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS

Wisconsin

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington— Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY
Cranberry Specialist
Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK
Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN
Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Static
East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station

Pemberton, New Jersey

tension Specialist "Dick" Beattie. Thi
refers to the notices sent out as to hoA
many growers "pulled" the water fror
under the snow-covered winter ice. It aid
ed the research workers in this particula
instance in their continuing studies of win
ter oxygen.

ANYHOW, Sjjring is at last HERE.
That's something we are all thankfu
for. The sight of a little green grass whicl
is becoming visible, at least in the towi
which has been the "Cranberry Center" o:
the world, 's good. Lilacs are budding anc
we ourselves have seen robins.

Twolv

Pictorial Section

a
z

<

o

Thirteen

The Benson house as viewed from the front.

(LKANHEKKlt:S Phot |

Presentation as Plymouth County Cranberry School Closes

Fourteen

ABOVE — The upland plover is a shy bird, but he's one ol' the cvan-
erry growers' best friends. (From story on Page 0).

OPPOSITE PAGE (bottom)— Ellis D. Atwood, Massachusetts' most-
mblicized cranberry grower, beams appreciatively upon examining- a
-crapbook which has just been pre=ented to him by Cranberry Specialist
'Dick" Beattie of East Wareham (left). To the right of Mr. Atwood
ire William H. Tufts, GI Cranberry School instructor, and Dr. Henry J.
•^ranklin. The occasion of the presentation was the conclusion of the
Plymouth County Cranberry School which had been conducted at the
\twood screenhouse, sometimes called "Edaville College", for the past
wo years. The scrapbook, arranged by Beattie and Dr. F. B. Chandler,
•ontained abstracts of the lectures given. Courier and other newspaper
:lippings concerning the school, photographs, and five pages of signa-
-.ures of those attending the school, (CRANBERRIES Photo)

Plymouth School

(Continued from Page II)

in practical locations within the
industry for over 20 years. It
was not, however, until within the
last ten years that processing op-
erations have actually become an
integral part of the industry. This
is the best approach to broaden
the marketing base for cranberries
and of adapting the form of cran-
berries to the changing habits of
living and diets of the general
public. It also tends to develop
an entirely new market field for
cranberries.

"It is not the opinion of these
remarks that marketing cranber-
ries in the processed form re-
places the marketing methods so
well developed for the fresh ber-
ries. On the- other hand, it is felt
that one method tends to supple-
ment the other to the extent that
any analysis or consideration of
cranberry marketing must coordi-
nate the application of both if the
cranberry growers are to continue
to determine the marketing poli-
cies of their industry which will
serve their best interests."
Stress Co-op Marketing

He then stressed the advantages
of cooperative marketing as 1) as-
surance of good market outlets;
2) assurance of the higher prevail-
ing market prices; 3) certainty of
timely payment on crop; 4) order-
ly distribution of crop. He spoke
of the advantages gained by pro-
cessing and of advantages gained
by cooperative processing.

He said growers should continue
a program to promote the use of
cranberries, their products and by-
products; provide market supplies
of cranberries and their products
on a year-round selling basis;
adapt varieties to their highest
market demand value and use;
cause processing operations to be
closely planned to fresh product
marketing; use up-to-date mer-
chandising methods to gain the
full use of retail markets.

Cranberries Need Promotion

In question and answer period
Prof. Bell said that it was prob-
ably true the country's population
is increasing faster than the in-
crease in consumption of cranber-
ries. He said we might expect

Fifteen

175,000,000 population in another
generation. He referred to a
possible world capacity to con-
sume cranberries, which, unfortu-
nately, did not exist at the present
moment. He said cranberries are
only in "occasional" use and not
almost a daily necessity such as
morning orange juice, grapefruit,
or other items which the public
has come to adopt to every-day
meals.

DON'T FORGET

TO RENEW

YOUR SUBSCRIPTION

Fresh from the Fields
NEW JERSEY

(Continued from Page 5)

to find the exact requirements of
the cranberry plant's normal and
fruitful growth. Action was tak-
en by the Committee to promote
progress along this line.

On Api-il 14th cranberry grow-
ers interested in new developments
of machinery for ditching marsh
land will visit the Annual Meeting
of the New Jersey Mosquito Ex-
termination Association at Atlan-
tic City. The mosquito control
men have arranged for a working

Save Priceless Water

BUY
PORTABLE OVERHEAD SYSTEMS
for
IRRIGATION AND FROST CONTROL

STEEL or ALUMINUM PIPE
Equipped with

McDowell steel couplings

There is no other similar or equal equipment

NO latches no hooks

bog.

Write or phone. Our local representative will call.

No charge for Design and Blueprints to suit your particular

LUNDQUIST CO., Inc.

TEL. PUTNAM (CONN.) 1768-3

WEST WOODSTOCK, CONN.

demonstration of their field equi{
ment on a nearby marsh. At th
January meeting of the America
Cranberry Growers' Associatio
Mr. Thomas D. Mulhern, who
secretary of the mosquito orgar
ization, extended this invitation t
the cranberry gi-owers.

Blueberries

A field demonstration of blue
berry sprayers was staged e
Whitesbog March 29th by the U
cal representatives of the Fiel
Force Pump Co., the Friend Spraj
er, and the Hardie Sprayer. Eac
dealer operated his machine und«
actual working conditions and ai
swered questions. C. A. Doehlei
made some remarks about t?
basic requirements of a blueberr
sprayer, especially in regard 1
an eff'ort to combat the blueberi
grower's newest "competitor
blueberry bud mite.

WASHINGTON

New Planting

Growers are active, with sever:
putting in new bog and others n
sanding their present acreag
Among those doing some plantin
are Chabot and Newkirk, Crai
guyma; Morgan, Rowe and Goi
man, B. B. Saunders, Arthur Di
clos, Carl Bernhardt, Wisner Brc
thers, L. McArthur, Joe Alexsoi
Blair Brothers, Ingvald Alsake;
Leonard Norris, Don Tilden, Wai
ner and Ostgard & Sundberg. ,
New Station

At the end of March bids wer

Urgent for Spring

Limited Number of MYERS SPRAYERS, 200 Kallon tank.s

DUSTERS — Power Driven - Three Sizes

PUMPS— 7 in. to 20 in.

ENGINES— Briggs & Stratton. 2-5 HP
Wisconsin, 6 HP
Minneapolis — Moline, 20-50 HP

HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO.

r, ('. St. -larque.s

WAREHAM 497-W

Sixteejp

called for for the construction of
a new fireproof office and labor-
atory for the State Cranberry Lab-
oratory. This new structure will
be an imnrovement which has been
awaited for a long time.
Club Meeting

The following is a report of the
March Cranberry Club meeting:
"At the regular March meeting of
the Long Beach Peninsula Cran-
b?rry Club held here Friday even-
ing, March 26, fO adults and a
number of children were in attend-
ance.

'Al Sundberg, president of the
Club, presided over a short busi-
ness meeting and it was an-
nounced that beaver trappers who
have worked the Peninsula area
have trapped 12 beavers to date.
However, some cranberry growers
stated that beavers ai-e still work-
ing on their places, and the club
voted to ask for a continuance of
the trapping.

"Clinton Hollinger. A. C. A. sec-
retary for Pacific County, attended
the meeting and signed up the
growers for the 1948 program.
Speaking to the club, Mr. Hollin-

ger stated that 85'; of the County
is now signed up for soil conser-
vation practices, and that in 1947
the A. C. A. paid out §47,677 to
Pacific County farmers. Following

his talk in which he explained the
A. C. A. woi-k, growers were in-
vited to ask questions.

"An open discussion was held
by growers who brought up cran-

Cranberry Growers

Please do not wait until the hole is dug to order your flumes.
Prefabricated means we build them for you, you just install them.
Give us time to do your work.

Flumes — Prefabricated

Sliding Gate Reservoir Flumes — the kind that let you sleep on
frosty nights.

Dog-leg Reservoir Flumes — for Oxygen Enrichment.
Flashboard-type Lower Flumes— for close regulation of water

levels.

With Armco Pipe

Long Lengths — few joints — easy to handle.

Galvanized, asbestos bonded, completely coated, with a paved

bottom to take the wear.

And No Spiling

Instead, on short pipes, reservoir flumes, or where eels and
muskrats are bad, use a corrugated-iron seepwall collar, ex-
tending two feet above, below, and both sides of pipe.

Assembled in a few hours

Excavating and backfilling your chief problem.

No Settlement

Except as the whole dike settles, even on the softest bottom.

R. A. TRUFANT — Hydraulic Consultant

Tel. Carver 64-11 - Bog Railroads For Sale or Rent - North Carver, Mass.

FREDERICK V. LAWRENCE, Inc.

Construction - Manufacturing - Building Materials
Transit Mix Concrete

Main Office — Falmouth, Tel. FAL. 1800 Hyannis, Tel. HY 300

WAREHAM PLANT— ELM ST., WAREHAM— TEL. WRHM. 1180

To Cranberry Growers — Our services, backed by a complete line
of construction equipment, are available for the building or repairing
of bogs, flumes and pump wells. Surveys of your requirements and
quotations given without obligation.

"TP»s*fli^aws^

Seventeen

berry problems, and D. J. Crowley
and Dr. J. H. Clarke both spoke
briefly on cranberry growing.

"Hostesses for the evening were
Mrs. Frank O. Glenn, Mrs. J. H.
Clarke and Mrs. D. J. Crowley."

N. E. SALES COMPANY
ANNUAL MEETING APRIL 15

TO "CRANBERRIES" BIRTHDAY
Volume 12 — Number 12

JAR! POWER SCYTHE

Cuts weeds, grass, brush

. Write for details

CALCO
Rainmaker

Portable Steel Pipe

Milorganite

Organic 6% Nitrogen Fertilizer

Bf mi^ /J^R/GAT/OM
^ 1£5J

A Model For.
ivery Pressure

For Farm, Orchard or Truck Garden. Easily
end quickly rr<ounted on any irrigotion pipe.
Heavy duly brqss and bronze construction
for long tervfic«I Sand and dirt proof. Wa-
ter lubrtcated/^jHearings— no oil or grease re-
quired. No ffarst moving ports to rapidly
wvar out. Mt^num coverage— even distri-
bution. ^

, BUCKNER MANUFACTURING C0.(^^

1615 Blackstone Ave.* Fresno, California

MUCKNER: SPRINKLERS

'jn^hpj.

n

CO

The annual meeting of the New
England Sales Company is to be
held at Carver Town Hall, Thurs-
day, April 15th, beginning at 10
a. m. Officers will be elected, re-
ports heard, and other matters
that may properly come before the
meeting will be taken up. The
problems of discussing- quality
fruit wei'e discussed at the preced-
ing directors' meeting.

• Complete Coverage

• Quick and Safe

• Economical

Sky-Spray. Itn-.. affiliated with The
1". A. Bartlutt Tree Expert Co.. ofttr:;
a complete up-to-date service for
s-»i-ayin,£r (or dust'njr) by air, backed
by three years of proven efficiency
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for clients.

Sky-Sprayy Inc.

FOR PROMPT CONSULTATION

CALL YOUR NEAREST
PARTLFTT RE PRESENT ATI VK

Here's Cranberry Sauce to inspire a toast!

Blueberries so big it's alright to boast;

And Beach Plum jelly to go with thel
goose —

Here's happy returns — cupped in Cran-
berry Juice!

May you ever gain in strength and vigor.
Your subscriber list grow bigger and

bigger;

And advertisers, your merits perceiving,
Flood you with ads for all growers*

reading.

Though now in '40 you are only four,
It's twice four you will be in '44;
Still boosting that growers' trio of chums:
Cranberries, Blueberries and "sloe" Beach
Plums.

Some eight years ago that toast was ex-
pressed.

But never saw print until now, we confess.

Now it's '48, you're twelve — three timeS'
four —

More helpful than e^'er with cranberry.-
lore.

Since four years old your growth has»i

been steady.

From "Representing" to "SERVING"

our industry;
Then "5", now "16 million dollars an

year" —
We greet you, "CRANBERRIES", as 201

draws near!

— "Bob" Hunter.

FOR SALE

Most cranberry bogs for sale
in Plymouth County are listed
with my office. Complete brok-
erage service offered.

Desirable bogs now available

Robert R. Larkin

Realtor

West Harwich .504W

Cape Cod

liei WASHINCITON SFKEET
WEST NEWTON 65. MASS.

HUBBARD

FERTILIZERS — INSECTICIDES
For Cranberries

Packed in 80 lb. bags for easier handling

For Sales and Service call
ARTHUR RABESA — Falmouth, Mass.

Telephone Falmouth 1693

The Rogers & Hubbard Company

PORTLAND, CONNECTICUT

Established in 1878

I

Eighteen

West Coast
Growers

.... have
"discovered"

perl -0 -Slain

But its L o w-C o s t
Sprinkling and Pure
Efficiency are helpful
everywhere.

Conserve water! Simplify handling! Irrigate with gentle rain whenever
you please. Quick and easy to handle. No complicated circular patterns of
application. Absolutely even coverage over a rectangular area.

Lew Pressure! Less horsepower and no grief from high-pressure, high-
speed pumping. Every drop the same size, falling gently like rain.

Send for Illustrated Folder and Free Layout Chart 1-E.

Perl'0'J\ain —

W. R. AMES COMPANY

150 Hooper Street, San Francisco, Calif.,
or 3905 E. Broadway, Tampa 5, Florida

The New England Cranberry Sales Company

(The Cranberry Cooperative organized in 1907)

"Cooperatives have enabled producers to build a closer link with consumers by
pioneering in improvementt of the quality of farm products offered to the public.
They have set higher standards and nromoted better methods of marketing."

Clinton P. Anderson,
Secretary of Agriculture.

Cranberry growers — members of the Amci-ican Cranberry Exchange — have sup-
ported this policy for many years.

The merchandising program for cranberries in 1948 will be made stronger and the
cranberry business put on a firmer foundation by move growers becoming members of
this cooperative.

9 Station Street

Middleboro, Mass.

Nineteen

"BUFF'S" LUNCHEON AT
BOSTON HELD APRIL 5th

The fifth in a series of agricul-
tural luncheons held by Jesse H.
Buffum, Columbia Broadcasting
System's Regional director (fea-
tured in last month's issue) was
held Api'il 5th in the foyer of the
Hotel Statler April 5th. These
luncheons, known as "Buff's Lunch-
eons", have been attended each
year by agricultural leaders.

The cranberry industry was rep-
resented by Dr. Chester E. Cross
of the Experiment Station at East
Wareham. Invited, but unable to
attend, were Russell Makepeace,
president of the Cape Cod Cran-
berry Growers' Association, and
Clarence J. Hall, editor of CRAN-
BERRIES.

MARCH CAPE MEETINGS

Two extremely interesting meet-
ing's of the Cape Cod clubs, the

Upper at Cotuit, March 5, and the
Lower at Harwich, March 7, were
held, at both of which the possibil-
ities of wells for water supplies for
irrigation were discussed in the
principal talks. The glacial for-^
mation of the Cape was taken into'
consideration at length by both
speakers, Paul J. Howard, well-
known engineer of the firm of
Whitman and Howard of Boston,
at the first meeting, and H. N.
Halberg, engineer in charge. Bos-

AGRICO: FOR CRANBERRIES

We recommend
Agrico for Cranberries, 5-8-7 Fertilizer this spring

Dealers at Carver, Middleboro, Wareham, Plymouth and
throughout the entire Cape

The AMERICAN AGRICULTURAL CHEMICAL CO.

North \\'eym(mth, Mass.

Telephone Weymiiuth 9-2640

Colley Cranberry
Company

SHIPPERS OF CAPE COD
CRANBERRIES

"SUITSUS" Brand

i

Plymouth, Mass.

Office
17 Court Street

Telephone
Plymouth 1622

Twenty

ton office United States Depart-
ment of the Interior, Geological
Survey. It is our intention to give
resumes of both talks in the May
issue, omitted from this number
because of lack of space.

WEATHER STATION FOR

FROST WARNING PURPOSES

ESTABLISHED AT GRAYLAND

A weather station has been in-
stalled at Grayland on the bog of
C. C. Watson, for the purpose of
more closely co-ordinating- cran-
berry frost warnings which are to
be broadcast to growers for the
first time this season. The station
has equipment for taking a maxi-
mum and minimum reading each
day, a wet and dry bulb thermom-
eter, a thermograph, a rain gauge,
and a thermometer to check tem-
peratures at bog level.

Reports are sent in from this
station to the Weather Bureau at
Boeing Field, Seattle, at 4.30 daily.
The Weather Bureau then makes
up a fi-ost forecast and sends it
out to the local radio station
KXRP, Aberdeen, where it is
broadcast with the 6.15 news.

Plymouth County
Clubs Conclude
Winter Meetings

Concluding winter meetings of
Plymouth County cranberry clubs
were held in March, the South-
eastern at Rochester Grange hall,
the 23rd, and South Shore Plymp-
ton Grange hall the 2.5th, votes'
being taken that April meetings
be a part of the Cape Cod Cran-
berry Gi'owers' Association meet-
ing and exhibition at Wareham,
April 21.

At the Rochester meeting, Na-
hum Morse, having served two
years as president, was replaced
by Emil C. St. Jacques of Hayden
Mfg. Company, Wareham. Rus-
sell Makepeace was elected vice
president, Gilbert T. Beaton re-
elected secretary and treasurer,
Ray Morse and Frank Crandon
elected as advisory committee.
At the South Shore meeting all
officers were re-elected, these be-
ing Orrin G. Colley, president,
Russell Loring, vice president,
- Stanley Benson, secretary and

treasurer.

Acting upon the suggestion of
J. T. Brown, Plymouth County
extension service director, the
clubs appointed members of the
Cranberry Advisory committee
to work with Extension Service at
University of Massachusetts, the
County Agents, and the staff at
the Experiment Station, East
Wareham. This committee re-
places a more or less informal
committee which has acted in this
capacity. The Southeastern club,
upon motion of George Cowen,
elected its advisory committee;
the South Shore elected George
Crowell and Russell A. Trufant.
One more member will be elected
from Barnstable County by the
Cape clubs and one named from
Bristol County.

New Insect Control Chart

Principal talks at both meetings
were by Dr. H. J. Franklin, who
discussed the new insect chart
just released to growers, and Dr.
Chester E. Cross discussed the

hew insect chart, also just out.

As concerned Root Grub, the
Number 1 insect pest. Dr. Frank-
lin said he believed its long range
control will best be served by
flooding. He pointed out again, as
he has in the past, that this insect
is seldom very harmful to bogs of
less than 20 years, but steadily in-
creases as bogs become 25, 30 and
more years old. He issued a rath-
er sharp warning against Grape
Anomala which effects bogs most
seriously which are even older, 40,
50, and 60 years. As bogs continue
to grow into "old age" in Massa-
chusetts this pest will be more and
more destructive. He said, in his
opinion, as the inevitable ageing

CRANBERRY MARSH '
FOR SALE

Plenty of water — 240 acres of
land. Caterpillar dozer, truck,
etc. Two homes, one modern.
Reason for selling, ill health.
Contact "Gene" — Roussopoulos
Bros., Millston, Wis.

- IRRIGATION -

"A LIFE TIME INVESTMENT"

• INCREASED YIELDS

Through proper moisture control.

• PROTECTION

From Frost and Drought.
$400 to S500 an acre ordinarily supplies
everv item for a complete system.

• AN IRRIGATION SYSTEM

Is a financial investment to be considered
on a 15 year minimum basis.

Doesn't this sound like good business 7

Write for free folder containing
information on all items necessary
for a complete irrigation set-up,
including low cost Chrysler Pump-
ing Units.

We have installed both High and Low Pressure
Systems on Cranberry Bogs in Bristol, Barnstable
and Plymouth Counties.

VEG-AGRE~FARM8-IRRiGATI0N DIVISION

FORESTDALE— CAPE COD, MASS.

Phone Oslerville 719

Twenty-one

of bogs goes on it will replace
Root Grub as the foremost menace
to bogs, as it renews every year,
instead of every four or five as
does Root Grub.

He stressed the great amount of
work which has now been done
with DDT, not only in cranberry
woi'k, but in other forms of agri-
culture all over the country and.

Cranberry Growers . . .

You value the sound, proven recommendations of
the East Wareham Cranberry Experiment Station in
growing your crops successfully.

Equally invaluable to you is sound, properly
written Insurance fitted specially to the needs of
Cranberry Growers.

E. A. Thacher of this firm will be happy to
discuss your requirements, and without charge or
obligation, prepare a survey of your property and
needs.

Brewer & Lord

INSURANCE
56 Batterymarch Street, Boston

Telephone: Hancock 608.30

in fact, the world. He said that he
now felt it safe to say from the
experience which has been built up
that this new insecticide is not
nearly as destructive to bees as
had at first been feared. On the
other hand, he continued, there re-
mained the possibility of its ef-
fect upon human beings if too
much residue is left upon a fruit
or vegetable when it reaches the
markets. This amount of residue
is carefully checked by Govern-
ment officials, he said, and there-
fore he issued a definite warning
to growers not to apply it too late
in the season. He said he would
say up to the 10th of July might [
be safe, but to apply it the first 1
of August would be definitely dan- |
gerous. However, he said, most |
insects for which it is used could ,
1-3 controlled by its use up to the
f rnier date.

Gypsy moths could be well con-
trolled from spreading onto the
bog by spraying uplands with
DDT and this was now recom-
mended rather than kerosene in
margin ditches to prevent this

Save Costly Henewals

on Flumes, Headgates, etc.

BY USING

C^^

NLY THE BEST PRESERVATIVES
Specify and Be Sure You Get

CUPROLICNUM

Distributor for New England:

R. S. Chase

Manufacturers: RUDD PAINT & VARNISH CO., Seattle, Washington

Twenty-two

est fiom getting on the bog',
eferring to the chart, he asked
rowers to note that Rotenone, or
erris, had been moved up to first
lace recommendation for control
f fruitworm. He said the cost of
lis material was higher than oth-
r materials, but it did a better
sb with less injury to vines, pai--
cularly in the earliest application,
nd therefore was recommended in
pite of the higher cost.

Dr. Cross
Of the weed control chart. Dr.
Iross said as he had already given
his talk once and it had been
•ublished in CRANBERRIES he
.fould attempt a little different
.ngle. He referred to a visit to
•Jew Jersey where he spoke before
he American Cranberry Growers'
i.ssociation on March 17th and he
.aid it seemed to him growers
here were not particularly anx-
ous to get rid of grasses, as they
lad better crops where there were
veeds. Concerning weeds on cran-
)erry bogs, he said, as cranberry
growers were engaged in a "per-
nanent" form of agriculture, the

effort to get rid of weeds should
be an effort of a permanent nat-
ure. If heavy vine growth can be
promoted, he said, so that no sun-
light got through, weeds could not
grow. He stressed adequate

drainage as a means of keeping
weed growth down. Late holding
of water, as Dr. Fi-anklin had rec-
ommended for root grub, will re
duce the brambles. He pointed
out on the chart the number of
weeds which "PDB" controlled had
been reduced, but on those which
still remain this chemical is very
effective. It has now been ascer-
tained that "PDB" works equally
well in April and May as later,
and if a bog is flooded for frost
control it is now felt this packs
the sand down better over the
crystals and so holds in the vapors
better. He spoke of Stoddard Sol-
vent, which is used considerably
on the West Coast and in Wiscon-
sin. This is really mineral spirits,
or the material which dry cleansers
use for cleaning clothing. He said
the cost is higher than kerosene,
but the solvent appears to do a
good job. Water white kerosene or

solvent should be applied not later
than May 10th.

Panel Discussion

Final item on the program was
a panel discussion, "New Develop-
ments in Equipment", led by
Beattie, Raymond Morse speaking
on "Aeroplane Float Boats"; "Bob"
Pierce on "Mechanical Vine Set-

For Ditching

and Scalping

Cranberry Marsh

in Wisconsin

CONTACT

M. E. LAUX

WAUPACA, WIS.

Also have over 20ft acres of
Cranberry Marsh Land FOR
SALE, with good drainage and
water — located in Northern
Wisconsin.

///////////////////////////////y//y ////////////.

Save up to 45 Per Cent of the
Cost of Pumping for

IRRIGATION and DRAINAGE

Exhaustive tests conducted at the Massachusetts State College
of Agriculture at Amherst, Massachusetts, demonstrated that the
Lawrence Irrigation and Drainage Pump, for any given duty, requires
only a little more than half of the power required for the same duty
by other pumps. This saving in power is especially important where
the pump is to be electric driven, since the current consumption is
reduced in proportion.

This high economy is due not only to the extreme simplicity and
fine workmanship, but also to inherent characteristics of design which
have grown out of the Lawrence experience of over 86 years in pump
building.

The pump is made in four sizes with capacities ranging from
1500 to 28,000 gallons per minute. Performance data on all sizes on
heads between 3 and 26 feet is available on request. Write or phone
the details of your pumping requirements. We will be glad to advise
you — no obligation.

The Lawrence Machine & Pump Corp.

371 MARKET ST.. LAWRENCE, MASS. Tel. Lawrence 2-4834

Disfrihiitefl hij

THE CRANBERRY TRADING POST

DIVISION OF THE NATIONAL CRANBERRY ASSOCIATION
PLYMOUTH, MASS. Telephone: Plymouth 2000

Twentv-three

ters"; Ferris Waite of NCA on
"Sprinkler Systems"; Kennetli Gar-
side on "Cyanide Equipment."

Float Boat

Morse, who said he was pinch-
hitting for George R. Briggs, told
of the three aeroplane floatboats
developed last year: that of Mr.
Briggs, that of National Cranberry
Association, and a third which was
put into operation late in the sea-
son by the J. J. Beaton Company.
He confined his remarks exclusive-
ly to the Briggs or "Eatmor" boat
designed by Mr. Briggs, as that
was the only one with which he
was familiar. Improvements over
this boat (which was pictured and
described in CRANBERRIES, No-
vember last) that might be made,
he said, would be to increase the
size of the 65 h. p. motor to the
next larger aii'type motor avail-
able and to put on a self-started,
as the whirling of the blade to
start the motor was a rather tick-
lish operation in a boat. This boat
had been clocked at a speed of 35
miles an hour on a large lake, but
its operation on a small bog was
at much less speed, but the lake
agitating and the turns actually
brought up everything from the
bottom, floats, rubbish, and even
had brought up a girdler, so the
possibility of its use in insect con-
trol might be opening up. The boat

An Ad

in
CRANBERRIES
is your messag'e
placed before the in-
dustry.

Let Us Handle

Your Power Needs

for Bog Pumps

International

and

Continental Red Seal

Industrial Engines

SALES and SERVICE

J. M. HACKETT

Tel. Rockland 1864
NO. HANOVER MASS.

CONTROL

Cranberry Root Grubs
White Grubs • Chokeberry
Wbite Violets * Loosestrife
Poison Ivy • Small Bramble
Three Square Grass • Wild Bean

Use

TRADE M4BK BEG U S PAT, OFF.

PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE

The Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station
Charts recommend

Para-dichlorobenzcne for controlling Root Grubs, White Grubs,
Chokeberry, White Violets, Loosestrife, Poison Ivy, Wild Bean,
Three Square Grass and Small Bramble. For best results, bogs
should be treated in April or early May. Write for details.

SOLVAY PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE

FOR TREATING CRANBERRY BOGS

is distributed by

THE CRANBERRY TRADING POST

• Plymouth, Mass.

• Onset, Mass.

• North Harwich, Mass.

• Bordentown, New Jersey

Tw<»nty-four

SOLVAY SALES DIVISION

ALLIED CHEMICAL & DYE CORPORATION
45 MILK STREET. BOSTON 9. MASS.

had actually brought up in floats
from 5 to 20 per cent of the total
crop of a bog.

Vine Setting Machine
Robert Pierce, in talking on the
mechanical setter he developed for
L. B. Handy (pictures and descrip-
tion in October issue of CRAN-
BERRIES) said the vines thus set
were alive last fall and he was
eagerly looking forward to seeing
how they were this spring when
the water got off. About 12 acres
were set last year, and it is ex-
pected to set as many more this
year. He told how a 5 or 6 man
crew operated the machine, which
was an Ariens-Tiller, with disks
and rolls adapted to the rear. The
two most important men were the
two who broadcast the vines in
front; a third rode the machine
to give it added weight, helping out
on the turns, while two or three
more followed, raking up the
vines which were not set for re-
use. He said it would set an acre
a day at a labor cost of $50 an
acre. A Jari power scythe was
used for mowing the vines, he
said, and this seemed much pref-
erable to hand mowing, cutting

the vines evenly and leaving them
in good condition for regrowth.
Overhead Irrigation

Mr. Waite exhibited and told of
three sizes of sprinkler heads,
from the "Giant" down, saying
sprinkling in the East is still ex-
perimental, but he was inclined now
to the belief that smaller heads did
the best job. It has been esti-
mated, he said, that losses from
frost flowage might run from 10
up to 50 per cent and this might
be eliminated by the sprinklers.
Besides frost control he empha-
sized the value of the irrigation
when needed, and that the sprink-
lers might work into insect control

by packing down the sand after a
PDB application.

He mentioned the amount of
dry acreage which now has no
frost protection, the use of these
on bogs which were out of level
so that parts could not be reached
by flowage. He described his own
successful use of sprinklers for
frost protection on his own bog
last fall, and this developed a dis-
cussion which brought out that it
was probably better to leave the
ice formed on the vines (and ber-
ries in the fall) by the sprinklers
and let the sun melt it off than to
keep the sprinklers on after the
sun arose.

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

17 Court St.

Plymouth, Mass.

BOG MANAGEMENT

■^Sr '^ -•' / Teli: Plymouth 1622

°^';»/.

'^s

Kingston 319

K you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will

pay you to see us.

A number of properties available, more wanted.

to Cranberry Bog Specifications

giant irrigator
high pressure

FACTORY orncEs

Fresno: P O. Box 232
Chicago: 7658 Calumet
1.0S Angeles: 7280 Melrose

Buckner Cranberry sprinklers
were designed by Cranberry Bog engi-
neers and ore built for economical, trouble-free
operation Choice of models gives you a perfect cur-
tain of water for any size bog. Low installation cost
Proven results in all bog sections of the country, bee
your Buckner representative now— there s one iiear
you, and Buckner Sprinklers are available on short
notice

dual-action
low pressure

MASSACHUSETTS

The Clapper Co.
1121 Washington
West Newton

PACIFIC NORTHWEST

Poison Impl. Co.
631 Western Ave.
Seattle. Wash.

7wentjr-fiye

Cyanide Equipment

Garside described his cjaniding
outfit, developed by himself, which
he said consisted of two pumps
and two tanks, plus the necessary
fire hose, to take the solution out
onto the bog. He said the outfit
which he is now using is the fourth
he has developed. He cautioned
against the careless use of this
material, which is extremely caus-
tic, but said that since he has to
"live with Root Grub" the pest has
to be kept under control. Garside
spoke only at the Rochester meet-
ing, Louis Sherman taking this
topic at Plympton.

February Meetings of
Plymouth Co. Clubs

(Continued from last month)

Joe Kelley

False Blossom is a virus disease
that affects all parts of the cran-
berry plant, including the root.
Besides its spread by leafhoppers,
false blossom is often spread by
the use of diseased planting mate-
rial. It was carried in this way
from Wisconsin, where it first ap-
peared, to Massachusetts, New
Jersey and the Pacific Coast. The
succulent growth of new plantings

Rain When You Want It
RAIN BIRD SPRINKLERS

For Cranberry Frost Protection and Irrigation

Rain Bird Sprinkling systems do the job you want

them to do, when you want it. All working parts are

accessible and fool proof. Oscillator arm breaks up

stream to give maximum benefit.

Consult Rain Bird engineering department for advice

on your irrigation problems.

For complete information on Rain Bird Sprinkling

Systems, write,

For the East and Midwest

L. R. NELSON MFG. CO.
Peoria, Illinois

• • •

JOSEPH BRECK A SONS
S5 State Street
Boston, Mass.

On the Pacific Coast

R. M. WADE and CO.
Portland. Oregon

• ««

OREGON CULVERT CO.
Portland. Oregon

IRRIGATION DIVISION

VEGACRE FARM

Forestdale (Cape Cod) Mass.

RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CO.

GLENDORA, CALIF.

takes the disease much more eas-
ily than the seasoned vines do. For
this reason, vines free of the dis-
ease should be used in all new
plantings.

When the diseased blossoms
open, they are standing erect like
those of daisies, instead of being
turned downward as are the nor- i
mal healthy blossoms. You should i
dig out and destroy all the dis-
eased vines and roots in the hills
of new plantings. The best time
for this is the second year, when
the plants are in bloom.

Vines of all varieties are very^
susceptible to false blossom when;
a bog is new. The Howes is one of
the more susceptible and the Early
Black one of the more resistant,
but I have seen bogs with Early
Black plantings nearly destroyed
by the disease. For this reason,
with so much new bog being plant-
ed, and that which is going to be
planted, we have got to take spe-
cial care to keep them clear of
leafhoppers.

Around 1933 or 1934, cranberry
growers were greatly troubled by
the False Blossom disease. There
was a feeling that we might even
have to discontinue raising the
Howes variety in Massachusetts,
and at that time there was no
known remedy for the disease.

Bog surveys of the abundance of
different insect species and of false
blossom abundance, made in Mass-
achusetts, New Jersey, Wisconsin
and on the Pacific Coast, showed
plainly that the blunt nosed leaf-
hopper and false blossom were al-
ways associated. This pointed
strongly to the true carrier. The
way in which this insect was dis-
covered was by putting cages on
bogs of about 2 feet square and
putting hundreds of different kinds
of insects in them, a hundred or so
being put into the cages once a
week. These insects were taken
with a net from bogs that had a
lot of false blossom vines and put
in the cages on bogs that were ab-
solutely clear of the disease. The
following year we found, that we
had a considerable amount of false
blossom in the cage where we had
put the blunt nosed leafhoppers,
and no other diseased plants were
found in the cages where other in
sects had been placed,

Twe|ity-Bi?f

.

While we were hunting for in-

ct carriers of False Blossom, we

ere much surprised to see the

mage that had been done by the

nes containing the spittle insects,

we did not realize at that time

at this insect was so injurious.

ne of the experiments that we

ied was putting on rubbers and

amping on diseased vines when

ley were both wet and dry, then

amping on marked plots where

lere was no disease, to see if it

as carried on shoes or rubbers.

As soon a a remedy for the das-

ise was established, a campaign

las started to eliminate leafhop-

3rs from bogs in Massachusetts,

ind a prize was offered for the

est slogan to be used for this pur-

lose. Mr. Charles Goodhue of

reetown won the prize with the

ogan, "With Sand and Dust We'll

/in or Bust." With the coopera-

on of the growers, we really

eaned up the leafhoppers on most

f the bogs in Massachusetts.

False Blossom on Increase Again

The spread of the disease was
retty well controlled until the be-
inning of the last war, when we
'ere unable to get materials for

spraying and dusting, and for the
last five years very little spraying
or dusting has been done for this
insect. There is no question that
the False Blossom disease is on the
increase again on practically all
varieties of cranberries. I am be-
ginning to see occasionally a bog

that is so far gone that I advise
making over parts of it.

For this reason, we have really
got to start another drive and get
rid of the leafhoppers this year.
Raymond Morse

Quality begins at home. There
are many factors which have a de-

THOMAS BROTHERS
General Contractors

MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

Tel. Midcleboro 772

Concrete Flumes and PumpwelU
Transit Mix Concrete

Complete Line of Construction Equipment
Excavating - Grading - Hauling

Leave the Tough Jobs for Us
Our Experience is Your Guarantee

TO ALL, BEST WISHES FOR 1948!

XTter X\« JLie l3

age

44

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 740

KEEP SMILING"

Peter A. LeSage vabmou™

Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries Tei. Bamstabie i07

Twenty-seven

use ALCOA CRYOLITE

In Your Cranberry Bog This Year

IT'S THE SELECTIVE INSECTICIDE!

It kills harmful,

chewing insects,

but helps save the

beneficial insects

2.

Active ingredient—

90%

yet safe on

delicate foliage

ALCOA Cryolite doesn't
affect soil balance.
It's easy to use-
dusts and sprays
freely

You can depend on ,

ALCOA Cryolite. ^

It's been time-tested

and proved

If you raise a number of different crops, you'll wont the ALCOA Cryolite spraying an.
dusting chart— tells when and how to apply. Sent free on request.

• • -K

ALUMINUM COMPANY OF AMERICA

CHEMICALS DIVISION

17 6 0 Gulf Building

• • •

ALCOA

Pittsburgh 19, Pa.
• • •

Packed in 50-lb. bags, 6-lb. bags and handy Mb. shaker cans

Alcoa Cryolite Insecticide

lite relation to a quality pack of
anberries. First, it is not pos-
ole to pack good, berries unless
,ey are sound when harvested. I
^1 sure that we are making pro-
ress in growing better fruit, al-
ough the marketing conditions of
le past few years have not helped

to improve the quality. Rather,
would say that we have been in-
lenced to raise as many hemes
possible regardless of quality.

What steps can we take to en-
i)le us to harvest better quality
uit?

Late Holding

The proven method of late hold-

g is the first I would mention.

For a grower with only one bog

takes courage to leave it under

later until the last of May, but

rowers who have several bogs

ight well rotate them on a three-

year cycle perhaps.

The use of fungicide spray can
be an important factor in the pi'o-
duction of better quality fruit. I
will not attempt to go into the
technical part of this job, because
we have men at the Experimental

Station who are much more cap-
able than I am of explaining the
why.

Fungicides
However, there has been consid-
erable successful work done with
Bordeaux and with Fermate. The

The Forges Contractors, Inc.

WATER ST.

PLYMOUTH, MASS.

Tel. 1763

SEES

RENTALS

JOHN VANdePOELE

West Abington, Mass.

Cranberry Bog Building and Rebuilding
Power Shovels, Cranes, Clamshells
Draglines. Bulldozers and Trucks

Dealers in:

Prefabricated half and full circle "Whipple

Flumes".

New England Metal Culvert Co. Pipe,

Increase yields u;;7/i SKINNER controlled irrigation

Waters Large Areas Uniformly ....

"SKINNER", the pioneer and leader in
irrigation for more than half a century, has
designed these sprinklers for your specific
use — a glance at the ta,ble below tells the
story better than words. "SKINNER"
equipment is quality equipment. Quality
means dependability — durability — effic-
iency. Better write us for complete de-
tails today.
THE SKINNER IRRIGATION CO.

1.50 Water St., TROY. OHIO

Catalog No.

Controlled

Power

Main

Nozzle

Inch

G. P. M.

Diam. of

in
Uniform

Coverage
feet

Total

CP-1

5/16

30.00
32.30

145
150

162
168

34.50

155

173

36.80

160

178

37.50

165

182

^^^1^

1^^^^

Lone Ranee Utility Sprinkler

Catalog
No.

Main Lbs. Pres-
Nozzle sure at
Size Sprinkler

G.P.M. Diam. of
Coverage

Diam. of
Uniform
Coverage

LR-3
3" Inlet

1" 80

90

100

300 325
320 330
340 340

300
305
310

Other

sizes available in

both Sprinklers.

Write.

Twenty-nine

Il

(I

/

BEAM HIGH PRESSURE SPRAYER!
ASSURE YOU OF TWO-WAY PROTECTION

Your valuable crop is protected by thorough appli-
cation of materials. John Bean high pressure spray
gets all through the plant — even to the underside
of the leaf. The result: a bigger crop for more
profits.

But that's not all. The high output of John Bean
sprayers cuts spraying time and permits you to do
a better job in fewer man-hours. Efficient use of
material avoids waste.

With John Bean equipment your crop is pro-
tected and your profits are protected.

COMPLETE RANGE OF EQUBPMENT

Both in range of output and in type, John Bean
offers the most complete line of high pressure spray

equipment. Outputs range from 3 to 60 gallorJL
per minute at pressures of 200 to 800 pound)
Engine powered models are made in 2, 3 and 4
wheel types, or are available for truck or ski
mounting. Tractor power-take-off sprayers furthe
increase the variety of John Bean sprayers. There'
sure to be a John Bean model that meets you.
needs fully.

JOHN BEAN

DIVISION OF FOOD MACHINERY CORPORATIOtl

LANSING 4,

k

w

MICHIGAN

FULL INFORMATION and free
catalog will be sent promptly. You'll
want to investigate the new 1948
John Bean line. Write today, or ask
your John Bean dealer.

PORTAMIST is the answer to the
problem of applying material on
hard-to-get-at areas. Applies concen-
trates, wet or dry dust. Is as easy to
handle as a wheel-barrow. Free
catalog is available.

ROTOMIST, a new John Bean
development, applies micron sized
particles of insecticide. High output.
Easy, simple one-man control. May
we send you the facts about the new
Rotomist.''

itter is much easier to use if you
on't object to the sweet odor of
tunk. I personally lean toward
lordeaux from the results of my
■ork in Yarmouth. Perhaps I am
bit hasty in making comparisons,
s I have only used Fermate one
ear on those bogs.
Of course, there are only two
lethods in the production of bet-
er quality berries. It goes with-
ut saying that anything we do to
mprove and strengthen our bogs
till have an effect on the crop.
Proper Harvesting

Proper harvesting is €ssential in
naintaining good quality. Do not
illow Early Blacks to get over-
fipe unless you intend to use
:hem for processing or a quick
narket. Blacks to be held in
storage should be picked while
;hey are in the process of color-
ng. Just where to begin, I think,
ivould be a subject for discussion.

Personally I like to see Howes
svell colored when harvested. Us-
ually they will keep better and do
not develop blossom end rot as

rapidly. Howes will not color as been proven to my own satisfaction

well in storage. that too much ventilation is as

Storage bad as not enough.
With regard to storage, it has Berries should never be moved

bim

fc^lQ PROTECT

THIS YEAR'S PROMISE FOR

A

PROFITABLE

CRANBERRY CROP

Use Black Leaf 40 in accordance with State
recommendations for the control of
Blackheaded Fireworm Blunt-Nosed Leafhopper

Spittle Insect Red-Striped Fireworm

TOBACCO BY-PRODUCTS & CHEMICAL CORP.

Incorporated
LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY

AGRICIJLTLTRAI. CHEMICALS

CONTROL CRANBERRY PESTS
WITH THESE PENCO* PRODUCTS
Kryocide e//>//}^><// cryolite

A favorite for many years with cranberry
growers. Controls the cranberry weevil,
gypsy moth caterpillar, cranberry blossom
worm, false army worm and fruit worms.

PENCO WB-SO"^

Wettable Base, 50% DDT

Micron-sized for better suspension and de-
posit. Contains superior spreaders and
stickers for reducing loss from run-otf.
Made by Pennsalt, a leading basic pro-
ducer of agricultural chemicals. For details
write to Agricultural Chemicals Division.
Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Com-
pany, Philadelphia 7, Pa.

*Rfr,. U. S PAT. OFF.

Phofo Courtesy Be" Aircroft Corp.

Thirty-one

from the time they are put in
storage until they are packed for
marliet. Every time we handle
fruit it starts it on the downhill
road. If necessary to move ber-
ries do so on a dry day. You no
doubt have seen berries handled
when the air is damp and humid,
when the water stands out on
them from so-called sweating.
Naturally this does not improve
quality.

Now a word about packing.

It has always been my policy
to operate the mills so as to get
the best possible milling job, even
though it may mean more sec-
onds; and yes, a few good berries
going out in the rotten box. Hand-
screening for quality is costly, in-
efficient and unsatisfactory. That
may seem to be a harsh state-
ment. I'm sure, though, that any-
one who has handscreened berries
will agree that it is impossible to
make a good pack if they come
onto the screenbelts in poor con-
dition. Which brings us right
back where we started. Quality
begins at home.

Field Notes

(Continued from Page 4)

National Advertising Program:

The committee realizes the ne-
cessity for greatly increasing the
consumption of cranberries and to
this end wishes to go on record as
favoring a cranberry advertising
and publicity program established
on a national basis. We recom-
mend that further study be given
the formulation of a Cranberry
Institute as a means of creating
consumer demand. This is recog-
nized as a grower's problem.

Attention of the Massachusetts
Agricultural Program Board:

The cranberry committee rec-
ommends that the Massachusetts
Agricultural Program Board con-
sider the various commodity mar-
keting recommendations at their
next regular session and exert

TJTTWTVWnwr^

TILLER NT/w

I Full horsepower motor

# Positive action, multi-
ple disc clutch.

0 Full siied ^/ii>' electric
alloy steel tines.

MiiiL-iiM

fm^■\H\v^''^l\■lyxBm■.\^\\\v\)W)\v^

Thirty-two

every effort to see that proper
attention and action are taken
concerning these recommendations.
Respectfully submitted,

J. Richard Beattie,

Secretary
Kenneth Garside,
Acting Chairman

Stanley Benson, Orrin Colley,
George Short, Ferris Waite, Ed-
ward Bartholomew, Arthur Ben-
son, Frank Crandon, William
Wyeth, Nathaniel Ryder, Miss
Janet Crawford, William Tufts,
J. T. Brown, Bertram Tomlinson,
Joseph Kelley.

Dependable and Safe !

ELECTRICITY will be on hand

to Massachusetts Growers

for the frost season now approaching.

Plymoufh Counfy Electric Co.

WAREHAM

Tel. 200

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 1300

Beaton's Distributing Agency

NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS
of

Co^e dad QAAmAjeAAie^Su

for over a quarter century
in United States and Canada

Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 130 or 970

It will pay you DIVIDENDS
to deal with

MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS

Consistent Year 'Round

NEWSPAPER
ADVERTISING

/i proauclng^ conStanty^
increaHng^ ialei!

INC.

IGETON

NEW JERSEY

Represented by
BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY

delicious, clear-jellied

Only fine quality cranberries,
sugar and water go into MIN-OT'S
— assuring you the f\iU cranberry
flavor thot adds unique
tasliness to ony meal! Try
MIN-OT'S with meat, fish or
fowl — its zestful flavor
mokes ail foods deliciously
tempting ... its jellied per-
fection mattes serving easy!

WAREHAM, MASS.

A, Good Home...
Through Cooperation

You spend a lot of money and many long hours produ'^'ng a good
cranberry crop. You spend more money and hours picking and clean-
ing it.

When your berries are in their boxes next season and repdy to ph"p,
you owe yourself the added satisfaction of knowing that they have a
good home to go to — that you are not sending them out to make their
way alone in a world that may well prove cold and cruel to them.

The Exchange system of finding a home for cranberries — and not
sending so many cranberries to any one place that some of them are
treated like orphans — has been operating successfully for 41 years.
And every year it grows a little, becomes a little smoother-working.
There's nothing like experience.

By joining the New England Cranberry Sales Company, the Wis-
consin Cranberry Sales Company, the Growers Cranberry Company or
the Coos Cranberry Cooperative you automatically become a member
of the American Cranberry Exchange — for 41 years the Cranberry
Growers Cooperative.

The American Cranberry Exchange, Inc.

The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative
I _ "U. S. Department of Agriculture License No. 1."

Marketers of

Eatirior
Cranberries

Chicago

New York

RVINC A $12,000,00U A YtAK lINUUblKT

APE COD
<EW JERSEY
WISCONSIN
OREGON
WASHINGTON

NAHUM MORSE, chairman of Spring Equipment Exhibit of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Ass
ciation, is snapped in front of exhibit of Cranberry Experiment Station.

(CRANBERRIES Phot<

30 Cents

May, 1948

Founded in 1895

Our Company has steadily grown in scope and purpose until today
it is unequalled in the character of its service and the range of its
activities for cranberry growers. If you are not a member of this pro-
gressive Company, you are invited to become one.

Growers Cranberry Company, Inc.

; : Oldest Cooperative in the Cranberry industry ' i ;■; i

Oldest agricultural Cooperative in New Jersey

PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY

RIGHT AS RAIN!

Right as rain is the service this old-established organization gives
to its members and to the cranberry industry in general.

It is proud of its achievements, yet does not rest on the laurels of
the past. It is forward-looking, aggressive, ever on the alert to find
new methods, new means which will further the broad field of cran-
berry culture.

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

(A Cooperative)

ad

OJ Uotc

Here's another Chicken 'n Cranberry dinner in the making.

This Ocean Spray-and-chicken display will help to make Chicken 'n Cranberry a
habit in this woman's home .... but its real effectiveness lies in the fact that it is
part of a campaign including magazine advertising, newspaper advertising, and pub-
licity.

You can't be a very good piano player if you use just one finger. And you can't
educate people to Chicken 'n Cranberry unless you use every possible means at your
disposal. National Cranberry Association is making cranberry sauce a "must" with
chicken through advertising, publicity and promotion .... laying a solid foundation
for a permanently wider market for Ocean Spray.

JOIN WITH NCA TO BUILD A BIGGER MARKET FOR BIGGER CROPS.

National Cranberry Association

The Growers* Cooperative

Hanson, Massachusetts
Onset, Massachusetts
Plymouth, Massachusetts

Branches at:

North Harwich, Massachusetts
Bordentown, New Jersey
North Chicago, Illinois

Coquille, Oregon
Markham, Washington
Long Beach, Washington

DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREHAM 162

S. G. M. Packard & Go.

Hardware — Locksmiths
For Maintenance Supplies

Marinefte &
Menominee Box Co.

Marinette, Wisconsin

BOXES. BOX SHOOKS. CRATING
WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES

M & M's 64th Year

Servinc the WUeondD
Cranberry Growers

Extensive Experience in
ELECTRICAL WORK

At Screenheueea, Bo(« and
Pumpa Meane Satisfaction

ALFRED PAPPI
WAXEHAM, MASS. Tel. 6X6

USE DYNAMITE

The modern way to re-
move stumps, excavate
rocks, DIG CORES FOR
DIKES, and other blasting
work in cranberry growing.
Speeds up work — reduces costs.
CONSULT WITH US ON ANY
WORK YOU ARE PLANNING.
Trained by Hercules Powder Co.

ALTON J. SMITH

High St., Hanson, Mass.

Tel. Bryantville 297

Middleborough
Trust Company

MIDDLEBORO
MASS.

Member of

The Federal Deposit

Insurance Corporation

PLYMOUTH
NATIONAL BANK

Plymouth
Massachusetts

Member Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation

Edwin K. Greer Co.

WAREHAM, MASS.

Est. 1891 Tel. Wareham 108

PIONEERS RETAILERS OF
BUILDING MATERIALS

CATERING To The CRANBERRY
INDUSTRY

LUMBER DRAIN PIPE

WOOD PRESERVERS BOLTS

TOOLS

He R. Bailey Co.

South Carver
Massachusetts

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.
in stock

Morris April Bros!

Bridgeton - Tuckahoe I

New Jersey j

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

Wood
County
National
Bank

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

MCMIIR FaoCRAL DIPOSIT
INSURANCI CORPORATION

ERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY

lDAMS & GOULD

Lumber Dealers

"Everything Under Cover"

East Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 648

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Paints - Hardware

Attention
Cranberry
Growers ! !

We have

Drain Pipe

arge Sized Terra Cotta
lakes a Permanent Installation

RALPH W. ELLIOT

andwich Rd., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 794

'Mail Address: Buzzards Bay, RFD

Plumbinc and Haatinf Sarvice

CROP-SAVER

brand

INSECTICIDES
FUNGICIDES

For the Cranberry Grower

CROP-SAVER
CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc.

3511 West Potomac Avenue
Chicago 61, niinoia

Cape & Vineyard
Electric Company

Offices:

Chatham

Falmouth
Hyannis

Vineyard Haven

Acushnet
Saw Mills Co.

Establlshad ll4t

Hall & Cole

Incorporated

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

94 Faneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON. MASS.

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES
SPECIALTIES

Car Lot Receivers

GOOD
WOOD BOXES

Cranberry Growers

Order Harvest and

Shipping Boxes

New Bedford, Mas*.

Est. 1865

Harvest

and

Shipping
Boxes

Jesse A. Holmes & Son

Carver, Mass.

Tel. Carver 10-3

The National Bank of Wareham

Conveniently located for Cranberry men

Funds always available for sound loans

Complete Banking Service

Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.

Mass. Cranberry
Station and Field Notes

by J. RICHARD BEATTIE
Extension Cranberry Specialist

Frost and More Frost

The spring season finds Massa-
chusetts cranberry growers on the
job twenty-four hours a day. Frost
warnings have been going out over
the telephone and radio systems
since April 17 and have continued
with monotonous regularity, ac-
cording to many growers ( 17 warn-
ings to date, April 30). Let's hope
our water supplies hold out! Just
a reminder of the radio frost warn-
ing schedule which is again going
out over Radio Station WEEI.
Boston. The time is 2.29 p. m. and
8.59 n. m., Daylight Saving Time,
and forecasts are given only when
there is danger of frost. The ra-
dio merely supplements the excel-
lent telephone frost warning sys-
tem offered by the Cape Cod Cran-
berry Growers' Association.

Get After Root Grub

Besides frost activities, there is
a lot of sanding being done
throughout this area. Speaking
of sanding, let's hope that growers
are putting some PDB crystals un-
der this sand where root grubs are
found. This leads up to the root
grub system. This might be a
good year to really go after this
No. 1 cranberry pest. Dr. Frank-
lin has estimated that the cran-
berry root grub destroys between
100,000 to 150,000 barrels of cran-
berries annually in Massachusetts.
A survey completed in 1945 showed
that approximately 42'y of our
acreage was infested with this pest.
While it is seldom harmful on bogs
under twenty-five years old, we
should all be thoroughly familiar
with its life histoi-y and means of
control. We have had an active
campaign carried on primarily in
Plymouth County which is now en-
tering its third year. The purpose
has been to acquaint growers with
proper identification, type of in-
jury on the bog, and how it is con-
Four

trolled. Field meetings, demon-
strations, and publicity have been
methods used to acquaint gi-owers
with the seriousness of the prob-
lem. However, prices for our ber-
ries have been very attractive
these last few years, and growers
have hesitated to do anything that
might reduce their crop which, of
course, is understandable. Last
fall, Joe Kelley and the writer de-
cided to learn what was actually
done in the way of controlling these
grubs. We visited twenty-two of
the growers enrolled in the root
grub campaign who had indicated
that they planned to treat for
grubs in 1946-47. The following
is a brief summary of data collect-
ed from these visits.

a. Cyanide

b. PDB crystals

c. Flooding

1946

41

16

257

314

1947

lii;

143

215

(Growers* estimate of

Fail

Total
Results for 1946
control) :

Good

a. Cyanide 6 i n

b. PDB crystals !l il n

c. Flooding 7 1 2
Infested acroagre still to be treated^^

•■iflO acres by 22 growers visited.

There were four instances where
the control was not too satisfac-
tory. Possible reasons were care-
fully examined. Under the cyanide
treatment, one grower stated that
he obtained only a fair control be-
cause a thorough job was not done.
There was too much run-off of ma-
terials. Another grower stated
that he had only fair results when
flooding for grubs on a very weedy
bog. It is only a theory, but he
believed a possible explanation
might be that photosynthesis was
active under these conditions which
supplied plenty of oxygen for the
grubs and too many survived the
flood. Two growers told us they
had poor results from flooding.
One informed us that cold spring
water was used and that he had to
keep pumping to keep his bog un-

der, which meant that the w,
was always cold during the g
flow. The second grower ci
find no logical reason for not i
ting a higher percentage ki
from flooding. It was appai
that most growers were i
pleased with the thi-ee accei
means of control. We found t
three growers had recently b
their own cyanide apparatus. '
capacity of their tanks ran
from 400 to 550 gallons. This t
of equipment could do nearly
acre a day with proper conditi(
with only a small crew rang
from three to five men. All
growers contacted stressed the
lowing directions very carefu
which is an excellent cue in any
sect, disease, or weed control j:
gram.

When the Insect chart calls
71/2 lbs. of PDB crystals or 1
lbs. per acre, that is the pro
amount. The growers who
tained the best results covered
crystals immediately with at le
an inch of sand and put out
crystals just ahead of the sand;
crew. In cyaniding, the Ins-
chart calls for 7 oz. to a hundi
gallons of water, with one gal
of cyanide solution to 1 sq. ft.
bog. It is very important to let
soak in well and not have any ri
off of material. It may take lor
er to do the job, but it will certair
pay in the end. For those who w
be flooding to control root grul
May 12-15 is the date to put t
bog under and hold until July 1
See the new Insect chart for part
ulars, consult your county agi
cjltural agents, or get in tou«
with the Cranberry Experime
Station. Whatever treatment
used, let's be sure to follow dire
tions carefully and do a thoroug
job. With the competition thi
lies ahead, we can't aflford to donai
over a hundred thousand barre
to root grubs annually.

CRANBERRY GROWERS

Watch our announcement

next month concerning

the new sensational

GUPTILL WHIRLWIND

Mist Blower
for cranberry bog spraying

THE BKN CO.

Route 28
SO. MIDDLEBORO MASS.

Issue of May. 1948 — Vol. 13. No. 1

Puhlinhed monthly at The Courier Print Shop. Main St.. Wareham. Massachusetts. Subscription, 53.00 per year.

Intered as second-class matter January 26, 1943. at the post-office at Wareham. Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3. 1879.

RESH FROM THE FIELDS

Compiled by C. J. H.

^lASSACHUSETTS

Frosty April

Growers had plenty of frost
roubles during- April, although
amage to bogs was not considered
ery extensive. Much of what
amage did occur may have been
n the 10th, when the first general
.-arning went out from the Experi-
fient Station. There were warn-
ngs again on the 17th, 18th, 21st,
2nd, 25th, 26th, 27th and 28th.
irowers who normally have ade-
uate flowage had sufficient water
nd bogs were very generally
lowed. For the last four nights
f frost, in most cases the water
•■as held over for the four nights.
Vater supplies were reduced some-
/hat, although there probably was
o particular scarcity as May be-
an. These April frosts were
•eneral frosts, and not of the
spotty" variety.

Month Slightly Warmer

In spite of the number of frosts,
he month as a whole was slightly
v'armer than normal, it is believed.
emperatures at Boston averaged
degree and a half warmer than the
lorm, and presumably this same
ituation applied broadly to the
ranberry areas. High of the
nonth as i-ecorded in the shelter at
he State Bog was 67 on the 24th,
md the lowest was 20 on the 11th.
jQwest figure of bog frost temper-
iture which Dr. Franklin has re-
orded from growers' reports was
15. Rainfall was the month was
1.63 inches.

Frosts Continue Into May

May continued the cold nights.
Dn the night of May first degrees
ivere reported from 19 V2 to 24.
3n the night of the 2nd reports
ranged from 21 at Carlisle in Mid-
dlesex County to 26-28 in South-

eastern Massachusetts. Some cloud
saved the southeastern area from
getting too much general frost.
It was heavy in Middlesex.

"Late Water" Crop Perforce
Many growers have left the wat-
er on bogs for the long spells of
frost nights, some up to ten days,
while others have drawn the water
generally or on some bogs from
day to day so that some spring-
work could be done. With so much
of the acreage under water so late
this spring, much of Massachusetts'
crop will be pretty much "late
water", perforce.

Oxygen Deficiency
As regards the oxygen deficiency
situation on Massachusetts bogs
during the winter, because of pro-
longed snow-ice, Dr. H. F. Berg-
man is interestedly watching de-
velopments. He says it will not be
possible to make any statement as
to damage until the bogs come in-
to bloom in late June and early
July. He is "standing by" watch-
ing developments, but so far noth-
ing has changed his mind as to the
fact there may have been consid-
erable damage in overwintering of
the bogs. However, it appears
evident that if growers had not
followed his advice quite generally
in dropping the water under the
ice, damage would have been more
severe than whatever it turns out
to be.

WISCONSIN

No Frost Damage

Spring, insofar as the cranberry
bogs are concerned, is a little early,
"Del" Hammond of Wisconsin
Cranberry Sales Co. reports. As
of April 29 some frost reports had
gone out over the radio of the new
frost warning service, but little, jf

any, flooding was necessary for
protective purposes. The coldest
night to that date was about 25,
and as of the end of the month it
was figured buds could stand 20.
Probably no frost damage was
chalked up in Wisconsin for April.
Fear Dry Cycle

According to Vernon Goldswor-
thy prospects for the year look
"quite good." Most of the marsh-
es came through rather well, al-
though there was winterkill on
some. The spring- has been rather
dry and there is some worry about
May frost protection. Undoubtedly,
says "Goldy", Wisconsin is enter-
ing a drier cycle, and this is readily
admitted by the weather experts.
This, of course, would effect Wis-
consin production, particularly if it
extended into the fall.

Fertilize by Air

Starting May 5, the Wisconsin
Cranberry Sales Company planned
to fertilize approximately 150
acres by helicopter. This program
will be extended if the initial re-
sults are satisfactory.

Weather Man Arrives

J. W. Milligan, familiarly known
as "Jim" or "Red", has arrived at
the Rapids to conduct the new frost
warning service. He has present-
ed some new ideas and is expected
to add greatly to the program and
increase the efficiency of the frost
warning sei-vice to the growers.
"Del" Hammond is sure this pro-
gram and service to the growers
is one which can be watched with
profit by other areas. It is admit-
ted the cost will be a little higher,
as this is an experimental year for
the service. But it is held, however,
that if the service can prevent just
one night of such losses as oc-
curred June 15th of last year, it

(Continued on Facte 30)

five

CAPE GROWERS HEAR HOW AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTES WORK

Mass. Meeting, Wareham Town Hall, April 26, has limited
attendance with Frost Forecast, but those present hear
top-notch speakers with much interest — Gathering was
sponsored by Public Relations Committee of Growers'
Association.

Massachusetts cranberry grow-
ers heard a discussion of how agri-
cultural institutes operate, at an
"open" meeting sponsored by Cape
Cod Cranberry Growers' Associa-
tion at Memorial Town Hall, Ware-
ham, Wednesday evening. The at-
tendance was considerably smaller
than had been anticipated, probably
because, as President Russell
Makepeace explained, there was an
18 degree frost in prospect that
night, one in a series of frost
nights, and because a number of
one of the co-ops (New England
Cranberry Sales) had left for New
York to attend annual directors'
meeting of ACE.

The growers heard a calm, in-
formative program by Edward
Ryan, New England Representa-
tive of the New York and New
England Apple Institute, upon how
his organization functions; Harold
Rotzell, speaking upon "The New
England Fresh Egg Institute,
Inc."; and John Chandler, Massa-
chusetts Commissioner of Agricul-
ture, upon "The National Apple
Institute". Frederick E. Cole,
Massachusetts Extension Market-
ing Specialist and former commis-
sioner of agriculture, was moder-
ator. In conclusion Mr. Cole
summed up the activities of an in-
stitute as "promotion, publicity,
service, conservation, development
of by-products and research", all
on an entirely voluntary basis by
grower members.

In opening. President Makepeace
said the meeting had been called
to learn something which might be
of benefit to the cranberry indus-
try, "to take a leaf out of the book
of those who are more experi-
enced." The meeting was strictly
for information and was not for
organization.

Mr. Ryan

Mr. Ryan, opening speaker, be-
gan by citing how much various
fruit and vegetable industries were
spending upon advertising annual-
ly, running up to $730,000 for pine-

9i«

apple growers, the list including
grapefruit, grapefruit pieces, to-
matoes, prunes, and others. He
said the apple people had sat by
and watched orange and banana
people forge ahead in sales be-
cause their products were promot-
ed on an industry-wide basis.

He then told how the apple grow-
ers of New England and New
York State formed state organiza-
tions and each state except Massa-
chusetts which elected two, chose
one representative to the Apple
Institute, and New York state was
represented by counties. He said
this board met twice a year and
elected officers, and the officers in
turn set up an executive commit-
tee which generally met once a
month. Grower members contrib-
ute one cent a bushel toward the
expenses, and this is the lowest
rate of any apple institute in the
country. These voluntary pledges
by growers are made in June and
he was usually able to get in 98
per cent of the pledges. If a grow-
er ran into hard luck, hail or frost,
for instance, and his crop did not
go up to what he had estimated,
he was not held to the estimate
pledge. This is collected one-third
in October, the balance in June
following.

Maintains News Service

His institute carries on an act-
ive promotion campaign contin-
uously, but does not go into any
selling. He said it maintained a
regular news service for food edi-
tors of newspapers, magazines and
radio, dieticians, and others who
might be interested. He said calls
were made on such people and a
feeling of good will was built up.
He said the institute helped chain
and other large retail food stores
with advertising material. Calls
were made on such stores to help
them arrange displays featuring
apples. There was an educational
program for the schools. He said
they arranged apple displays at
fairs — at the moment there being

an. apple booth at the Boston Fooc
Show.

He said the institute was work-
ing upon the development of apple
by-products and that this was
field which had been badly neglect
ed by the apple growers. The in
stitute, early in the season, decidet
what per cent of the crop shoule
go onto the fresh market. Hi
stressed the fact that the progran
was an entirely voluntary one oi
the part of the grower, and sai<
the sales of apples had been in>
creased by the institute.
Mr. Rotzell

Mr. Rotzell began by saying thai'
if production of a given produc
is to be increased, the producer'
have simply got to see that mori
is consumed. "If we don't, we ari
simply in the soup". He cited thi
instance of duck producers, whi
had been letting ducks pile up ii
freezers when the supply was out
running the demand. He said thej
got excited and decided thej
couldn't just let ducks be "kickeo
around" any longer. "The hen
cackles when it lays an egg — a
duck just keeps quiet." The insti-i
tute got duck programs on the
radio and in the news, booklets de'
daring how delicious duck is, were
sent out. He said a duck dinner
was arranged for editors and oth-
erts at a Boston hotel, a brace o4
ducks was given to the Governon
and he came to the dinner. He
said trips to duck farms out in the
country were arranged for fooc
editors, who went back and wrote
about ducks. He said cranberry
growers have an excellent oppor-
tunity to do the same thing, ar-
range trips to the bogs and can-
neries.

Egg Consumption Hadn't Increased
The institute found out, he con-
tinued, that egg consumption per
capita hadn't increased in 30
years, whereas, for instance, con-
sumption of citrus fruits had gone
up as much as 70 per cent. A pro-
gram of promotion was begun. He
told cranberry growers that when
they read stories about eggs in
various publications, these stories
didn't just happen; they were en-
couraged by egg institutes. He
said food editors are only humani

like anybody else, and they will
often use the material which is
easiest at hand. "We give them
authentic egg information".
He said he personally spoKe before
many schools, particularly prefer-
ring the junior and senior high
grades. Boys and girls of that age
are most alert, he said, and he gave
educational talks which were wel-
comed by educators. He told how
vital the farmer is to life, and
that health must come from the
"soil up, not from the drugstore."
He said he gave them information,
rather than entertainment, and he
explained that everyone comes
from the "sun, air, water and soil",
a fact which many city boys and
girls have never had brought home
to them.

Certain industries, such as denti-
frices, spend as much as 40 per
cent of their total intake upon ad-
vertising, but this is lower in
food, citrus fruit being the highest,
3 or 4 per cent He said his insti-
tute spent one-tenth of one per
cent. Contributions by producers
were about one cent a crate, all
voluntary, arranged mostly on a
county basis. Contributions were
not difficult, he continued, but with
so many people producing eggs and
poultry the question of contact
was extremely hard. Once con-
tacted and the institute explained,
he said the producer was more of-
ten than not willing to make his
contribution.

Commissioner Chandler

Concluding speaker, Mr. Chand-
ler said that during the depression
years, 1934-1935, apple growers
had the "pleasure" of disposing of
every bushel of apples at about 2.5
cents a bushel less than the cost
of production. He said the grow-
ers of the Washington State area
began a start, a very modest one,
and eventually 16 regional organi-
zations were included. Each or-
ganization worked in its own area.
Directors from each area are sent
to the general board and this board
meets at least once a year. The
largest amount which has been
spent in operation expenses, he
said, has been $20,000. The
groups, as an institute, have the
benefit of working as a national
group and can put on national ap-
ple "drives" and can "dispose of

a lot of apples very quickly."

Each area promotes the sales of
apples in its own area, so that, for
instance. Northwestern apples can
be sold on the West Coast largely
and not come in to glut New York
and Boston markets. The groups
swap information which is sent out
to newspapers, magazines and the
radio. The institute also swaps
personnel. "We join together in
group advertising. I think this
might be highly valuable to the
cranberry industry."

Plans Allocation

He told of color spreads with
informative articles which had ap-
peared in magazines. He said the
national institute plans the distri-
bution of the crop. He said an
industry estimate in late June gave
a pretty good idea of what the crop
is to be, and there can be intelli-
gent planning between what should
go on the fresh market and what
should be processed. At least 40
per cent of the apple crop is nor-
mally processed.

Programs are discussed with
commercial canners, he said, that
a reasonable relation between
canned and fresh prices might be
developed. He added this gener-
ally worked out to the benefit of
all concerned.

"No True Surpluses"

In the question and answer peri-

od, Mr. Rotzell brought out that
there is never an actual "surplus"
of food, but it was only a problem
of distribution and purchasing
power. He pointed to the tremen-
dous increases in population in the
United States and throughout the
world today, and that people still
starve. He said increased produc-
tion of food must be brought about
and also a means of distribution
of these so-called "surpluses" to
the right places at the right time.

President Makepeace said that
possibly there was a feeling the
advertising of cranberries should
be supplemented beyond that which
is done by the two major co-ops
and others who now advertise.

Return postcards were distrib-
uted as the growers left, with the
message to briefly get the grow-
er's frank opinion of the value of
an institute as a possible means of
advertising cranberries and in-
creasing consumer demand. These
were to be returned by May 5.

Bringing the meeting to a close
Makepeace pointed out that Wil-
liam H. Wyeth of Wareham is
chairman of a permanent public
relations committee of the associ-
ation and this committee would
take the matter under advisement
and growers would be informed of
any recommendations finally ar-
rived at.

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY

WISCONSIN RAPIUS, WIS.

Cranberry Consultant on any

Cranberry Problem,
either Scientific or Practical.

Laying out New Marshes a Specialty.

Complete Marsh Management

and Supervision by year

can be arranged if desired.

B. S. - M. S. University of Wisconsin

Sjeyeif

Cape Cod Growers' Association

Holds Extremely Interesting

Exhibition and Spring Meeting

Many See Displays at Ware-
ham Town Hall and Hear
Instructive Talks by Ex-
periment Station Staif —
Dr. Franklin to Issue "Rot
Forecasts".

Second annual exhibition of cran-
berry equipment and supplies, and
spring meeting of Cape Cod Cran-
berry Growers' Association at
Wareham (Mass.) Memorial Town
Hall, Wednesday, April 21, brought
out several hundred growers, who
declared this occasion to be highly
successful and instructive. Open-
ing at 10 a. m. with exhibits in the
basement and on the grounds out-
side, the gi'owers roamed around
examining the displays and ob-
serving much of value. Display
was in charge of a committee head-
ed by Nahum Morse of East Free-
town and George E. Short of Ply-
mouth.

At noon a caterer's chicken pie
lunch was served by the Mayflower
restaurant of Hyannis. Lunch was
in charge of a committee headed by
E. L. Bartholomew of Wareham and
John Shields of Osterville. The
afternoon was devoted to a brief
business program and then a cul-
tural discussion by Dr. H. J.
Franklin and other members of the
East Wareham Experimental Sta-
tion staff. President Russell Make-
peace presided.

Principal speaker was Charles
R. Cherry, district forester, Mas-
sachusetts Department of Conser-
vation. Walter Pieper, Department
of Agriculture, brought greetings
of Commissioner John Chandler. C.
D. Stevens, statistician. New Eng-
land Crop Reporting service, said it
was expected to have the complete
survey of the Massachusetts cran-
berry industry, begun in 1946,
ready for distribution by the time
of the annual Association meeting
in August. He further said he saw
little likelihood of any considerable
final revision of the state crop esti-
mate of 485,000 barrels, although
all figures were not yet in.
Public Relations

Mr. Bartholomew, who has taken
an active part in recent marketing

programs and public relations, said
one of the greatest hindrances to
progress has been the "complac-
ency" of the growers. "We should
let the woi'ld know we have a big-
industry and a good one. We
should let it be known that cran-
berries are Massachusetts' chief
export crop and that we grow
three-quarters of the world's crop".
He pointed out that the crop has
brought in as much as $16,000,000
to Massachusetts alone. "From
now on", he told the growers,
"your Association has a public re-
lations committee which is going to
let the public know something of
our industry, and keep cranberries
in public attention."

Restlessness Good

President Makepeace said the
legislative committee is at work
assisting in the eff'ort to prevent
the Old Colony Division, N. Y.,
N. H. & Hartford R. R., which pro-
vides the only train service to
Southeastern Massachusetts, from
discontinuing passenger service.
He mentioned the restlessness
among the growers in regai'd to
the marketing situation, and con-
cluded by saying, "I would call this
a good thing, and good can come
from it. Too much complacency
on the part of our industry is
bad."

He pointed out that the associ-
ation had been formed in 1910, and
read the charter of the incorpora-
tion, which he said was sufficiently
broad to allow the association to do
many things. He said it spoke well
for the wisdom of the founders,
and that one of the original direc-
tors was still a director and pres-
ent at the meeting. He called up-
on this member, Franklin E. Smith
of Boston, to take a bow. Two
others of the original members
were present, J. C. Makepeace and
L. B. R. Barker.

New Insect Bulletin

A brief report was made upon
the progress toward the publica-
tion of a new insect bulletin, with
colored plates, to replace and
bring up to date one issued in
1928. This printing has run into

some difficulties, but Dr. F. J. Sie-
vers, director of Extension Service,
University of Massachusetts, said
he was in thorough approval of the
project and he believed its publi-
cation could b? brought about
shortly. This bulletin, prepared by
Dr. Franklin, has for a number of
years been a need of Massachu-
setts growers, as the earlier pub-
lication has all but disappeared,
and growers need a replacement
to assist in proper insect identifi-
cation and information.

A keynote of the meeting, men-
tioned by a number of the speak-
ers, was for "quality fruit."

Reforestation Needed

Forester Cherry explained his
work in his district, comprising
most of the cranberry areas, and
said it was the forester's duty to
help property owners with their
forestry problems. He said as-
sistance could also be obtained
from other sources and from town
tree wardens.

He pointed out that since the
1944 hurricane and the increased
demand for wood during and since
the war, that the number of mills
in Southeastern Massachusetts
has tripled. The normal cut from
the areas used to be approximately
20,000,000 board feet a year,
whereas now it is about 60,000,000.
"This cut is three times the amount
of timber which is being grown
today", he said.

He urged the growers to take
over the challenge of reforestation
— replacing woodlands which had
been cut down or destroyed by fire
and in planting new forests. "For-
estry", he continued, "is the grow-
ing of a crop of timber on land on
which no other crop will grow."
He asked growers to be careful in
letting out contracts for cutting
timber so that the timber be cut
correctly. He urged consultation
with the forestry department in
any program begun that it might
be properly conducted. Fifty years
seems like a long time for a cash
crop of trees to come in, but, he
said, cash from trees could be ob-
tained in 10 or 12 years. This, he
explained, was because 1200 trees
should be planted to the acre, this
being to help the trees to grow
straight when young. This num-
ber is then thinned to 300, and the

Eight

Tees which are thinned out could
je spruce or fir which could be sold
'or Christmas trees, leaving the
)thers well spaced to reach a good
naturity in 50 years.

Forest fires each year take a
;remendous toll of forests, he said.
He urged care on the part of all
jroperty owners, particularly when
jurning and in cleaning up slash.
He said cranberry growers were
imong the w-orst offenders in not
keeping their woodlands clean.

He felt confident this could be
remedied, as the growers have
taken waste land and made it into
beautiful and productive areas.
I feel sure that when you people
accept the challenge of reforesta-
tion you can bring about just as
beautiful forests, as you bring
about beautiful bogs."

Experiment Station Program

Dr. Franklin took charge of the
Experiment Station speaking pro-
gram, first paying' tribute to the
"three most efficient station work-
ers, Joe Kelley, field man, George
Rounsville, grounds keeper, and
Miss Thelma Laukka, office clerk.'"
He then said he was extremely
pleased with the research staff as
it is now established. He highly
praised the work of Extension
Specialist "Dick" Beattie, the lat-
ter being the first speaker.

Beattie outlined the projects
which lie before the staff and the
industry: control of root grub,
fruit rots, and the bi'inging about
of quality fruit; and a program to
keep key bog employes in active
service the year around, in some
such plan as reforestation.

Dr. Bergman

Dr. Bergman spoke on "Methods
of Fruit Rot Control in Cran-
berries." He told of his experi-
ments with fungicides and said the
two best in his oppinion were Boi'-
deaux and Fermate, the fonner
perhaps being more effective in
action, and the latter having an
advantage in that it could be
mixed with and applied with an
insecticide. He said the time of
application was most important,
particularly in the first application,
which should be before five per
cent of the buds are open. The
second should be as the buds were
disappearing, and in that applica-
tion there was a little more time

leeway. A thiid application, in his
opinion, was simply an unnecessary
expense and did no appreciable
good.

Air Fungicide Spray
He told the growers that fungi-
cides should be applied in spray
form only, and that experiments
were made last fall which strongly
indicated that fungicides could be
effectively applied from the air by
'copter or plane, particularly the
former, because of the slower speed
of the craft. This opens up a
promising field, he said.

Dr. Chandler

Dr. Chandler told of his experi-
ments in fertilizers and soil stu-
dies. He said that "management
is fully as important in fertiliza-
tion as type of soil." He referred
to drainage studies, and it seemed
to be that filling ditches for irri-
gation did not have any beneficial
effect upon the middle of a section.
Of the cranberry breeding program
in which he is doing work for the
U. S. D. A., he said the new seed-
lings had been planted upon vari-
ous bogs and that by 1950 some
of these new varieties might be
available for general distribution.
Another project which might be
developed, he said, would be to
plant a crop on bog uplands which
would not harbor cranberry in-
sects and would be a crop which
wild bees like, bringing them
around the bogs.

Dr. Cross

Dr. Cross departed from his us-
ual subject of weed control and
gave a preview of a new bulletin
which Dr. Franklin and he have
written concerning weather in re-
lation to cranberry growing, which
will be a short supplement to Dr.
Franklin's "Weather in Cranberry
Culture". All roads in cranberry
studies, he said, seemed eventually
to lead to the subject of the rela-
tion between cranberry culture
and the weather.

He divided his subject material
into thi'ee topics, sunshine, rain-
fall, and the monthly mean tem-
perature. He said he has used a
21 month base, 9 months of the
year of the crop and the 12
months of the year preceding, this
being in relation to the size of the
crop and the size of the berry. It
is now believed that sunshine in the

month of February of the year of
the crop is important; that is, the
more sunshine the larger the crop.
This is a new thought. The im-
portant months of the pi-eceding
year are May, August, September
and November, the latter having
the strongest influence of all. Feb-
ruary sunshine appears to give
large crops, provided the bogs are
not covered with snow and ice.

"Since 1893 no large crop has
been produced", he said, "unless
the February sunshine hours were
at least 150. This year the sun-
shine has exceeded that figure
slightly. The sunshine for the
important four months of the year
was far in excess of normal.

He said, as concerns temper-
atures, the higher the temperature
in May the year of the crop, the
larger the crop.

For rainfall, he said May, July
and August are important in the
year before the crop, but this im-
portance is exceeded by that of
October. He suggested the grow-
ers give thought to October irri-
gation in promoting the crop of
the following year.

For size of berries, he said the
greater amount of sunshine the
larger the size of the bei'ries. He
said a lot of sunshine in January
tends to produce large berries.
He said that records since 1925
show there have been no large-
sized berries whei'e the January
sunshine hours have not been 130
or more. Speaking of the past
January, he said the hours had
been less than this figure, whereas
the important months of the past
year had been far in excess.

Sometimes growers questioned
the value of ascertaining such in-
formation, he said, but its value
to him was obvious, as it could be
used in better bog management.

Dr. Franklin

Dr. Franklin said one feature in
cranberry growing has been leap-
ing rapidly to the foreground rec-
ently, and this is in quality fruit.
He added this field should be "pur-
sued for all it is worth". In this
connection, he said, one feature is
to note early the conditions which
producee rot, and he then made his
statement that he planned to give a
rot forecast this year in late May,
when he felt such a forecast could

Nin«

be made with i-eliability. He saic!
such an early forecast might help
in the determination of the alloca-
tion of the crop between fresh,
and berries for processing.

A second cause of poor quality
berry is excessive heat, sunshine,
or drought, or a combination of
all three. The latest good example
of this combination occurred only
last fall. He said proper bog irri-
gation in August seemed to be the
best answer.

Exhibits

Among the exhibits this year
was a display by the staff of the
Cranberry Experiment Station,
planned by Dr. Chandler. This
showed specimen weeds and root
grubs. The latter constitute one
of the greatest menaces to grow-
ers today.

The exhibits included an elab-
orate display featuring irrigation
pipe by Veg-Acre Farms, Forest-
dale; Niagara Sprayer & Chemical
Division, Food Machinery Corpor-
ation, Middleport, N. Y., insecti-
cides and fungicides; Boston Light-
ning Rod Company, which had a
model country home and barn with
manufactured "lightning" striking
the chimney of the house in a con-
tinual demonstration; Joseph M.
Hackett, North Hanover, industrial
engines; Cranberry Tiading Post,
Plymouth, a big display of equip-
ment of all sorts; Hayden Separ-
ator Manufacturing Company,
Wareham, various items of cran-
berry equipment; E. W. Goodhue,
East Freetown, lumber and vari-
ous building supplies; Hedge &
Matthies, industrial engines, trac-
tors; Robertson Farm Machinery
Company, varied cranberry equip-
ment; H. A. Suddard, Wareham,
dump trucks; Aetna Engineering
Company, Hanover, pumps and
other equipment; New England
Cranberry Sales Company, fresh
cranberries and other items; East-
ern States Farmers' Exchange,
West Springfield, many items of
insecticides and other supplies;
R. B. Parmenter, Massachusetts
Extension Forester, Amherst, wood
preservative; H. F. Davis Tractor
Co., Boston, tractors, other items
and a movie showing heavy equip-
ment at work; The Forges Con-
tractors, Inc., Plymouth, a prefab-
ricated flume model with constantly

I'unning water; Russell A. Trufant,
North Carver, prefabricated
flumes; George B. Dexter, Marion,
Rotary Tiller demonstration out-
side; CRANBERRIES Magazine,
magazines, halftones, cranberry
photographs.

Growers' Company
Holds Annual Meet

Theodore H. Budd Re-elect-
e d President — Members
Learn with Regret of
Retirement of Misses E.
C. Becher and M. C. Lam-
bert.

Members of the Growers' Cran-
berry Company held their 53rd
annual meeting at the company's
office in Pemberton, New Jersey,
April 20.

C. M. Chaney, general manager
of the American Cranberry Ex-
change, New York, gave an illus-
trated report on the past season's
business. It proved not only very
interesting, but highly satisfying
to the members, especially the fact
that the Exchange had secured for
that part of the New Jersey crop
sold fresh an average price of
$26.25 per barrel (which was, less
operating expense, turned over to
the Growers Cranberry Company
before January 1).

Theodore H. Budd, president of
the American Cranberry Exchange

and the Growers' Cranberry Com-
pany, who was re-elected as com-
pany president and delegate to the
Exchange during the meeting, was
authorized by the members to pick
a three-man committee. Purpose
of the committee was to be avail-
able for meetings on better coop-
eration among cranberry growers.
The committee was empowered only
to make suggestions to the com-
pany's members.

Other officers re-elected were
Ralph B. Clayberger, first vice
president; Edward Crabbe, second
vice president. Walter Z. Fort
was elected secretary-treasurer.
The two delegates to the American
Cranberry Exchange who have
served with Mr. Budd were also
re-elected — Edward Crabbe and
James D. Holman.
Misses Becher and Lambert Retire

It was with real regret that dur-
ing the meeting the members
learned of the impending retire-
ment of Miss E. C. Becher and
Miss M. C. Lambert, who have
served New Jersey cranberry
growers faithfully and well since,
respectively, 1907 and 1915. All
the members were deeply appreci-
ative of the eff'orts which these
ladies had made over the years in
their behalf.

After the business meeting the
members adjourned to the Fireside
restaurant. Mount Holly, where a
delicious lunch was served.

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TEL. PUTNAM (CONN.) 1917

WEST WOODSTOCK, CONN.

Ten

N. E. Cranberry
Sets Keynote

Annual Meeting at North
Carver, Mass., Reports
Additional Payment of
$2.00 on Fresh Fruit,
Bringing Total to $18,
With Some More Still Due
— George A. Cowen Re-
elected to Third Term as
President.

The 42nd annual meeting of
New England Cranberry Sales
Company at Carver (Mass.) Town
Hall, April 15th brought out an
attendance of 200. The themes of
the meeting may be described as
plans to concentrate upon the
growing of quality fruit, and a
recognition of the current "crit-
ical" situation of the industry, but
without discouragement. In fact,
the necessity of providing quality
fruit was stressed again and again,
and the words of Assistant General
Manager E. C. McGrew, "Let us
look forward constructively and not
backwards remorsefully", perhaps
presented the mental attitude of
the growers.

At the start of the meeting Gen-
eral Manager A. D. Benson an-
nounced that directors had voted
$2.00 dividend on the fresh fruit
in addition to the $16.00 which
had already been paid, with an in-
definite amount more to come when
final returns were in from proces-
sors and the berries in freezers
had been disposed of. He told the
members the Company had handled
a total of 128,629 barrels of which
92.950 had been sold fresh, 22,827
processed, and 12,863 barrels were
still in the freezers. A total of 72
new members had been added dur-
ing the year.

Member Service Important

He said service to members has
become a paramount part of the
business of the company. He sug-
gested the bog loan service be
temporarily discontinued. There
are 53 loans outstanding.

Mr. Benson called upon Raymond
Morse, in charge of sei^vice, and
the latter reported that growers'
service had reached a new high,
with 185 bogs having been treated

Sales Company
of Quality Fruit

by the company by helicopter and
airplane dusting. He said 40 men
ai'e now employed in this service,
divided about evenly between Ply-
mouth and Barnstable counties,
with Weldon Pierce having charge
in Plymouth and Ralph Thacher on
the Cape. Fourteen bogs are now
being entirely managed.

Stanley Benson reported on
membership, saying there are 271
members, and he hoped each mem-
ber would be a committee of one
to obtain new members, as the so-
licitation of a member is much
more effective than that of a grow-
er's relation man, now matter how
efficient he may be.

Miss Sue A. Pittman gave a re-
port on berries handled.

Mr. Benson again reported, tell-
ing of a planned addition to the
Plymouth screenhouse, and he ex-
plained why final returns could not
be made at that time. He then
urged the growers to put forth
every effort to grow a quality
fruit, to screen and pack them
properly. He referred to the pi'o-
gress report of the committee
in March which follows this account
of the meeting.

Paul Thompson read the report
for the auditing committee.

Chaney

Mr. Chaney deplored the fact
that so much of the '47 crop had
gone into the hands of processors
and was withheld from the fresh
fruit market. This, he considered
as completely unnecessary and un-
wise. "Looking at the overall pic-
ture, it would have been much
better if considerably more of the
crop suitable to have been sold
fresh had been sold fresh, as it
could have been. It is too bad that
such a large part of the production
went into cans and freezers."

He said it was his estimate that
by Sept. 15 of this year there would
be 400,000 barrels in cans, whole-
sale dealers' hands, or in the freez-
ers to compete with the 1948 crop.
"If there is a normal or over-age
crop it will give us better than a
million barrels to dispose of in the
1948 season."

"Canning Was Overdone"

He continued that members
should not get the idea that canned
cranberry sauce is the only canned
product in the doldrums. He said
the sale of canned cranberries and
of other fruits, so high during the
war, has slowed down, especially
citrus juice. "Canning was over-
done during the war, especially
with the sugar shortages which
prevailed for the housewife. We
are now paying the price."

He commented upon the Govern-
ment estimate of 770,900 barrels,
which, reduced to per capita con-
sumption, meant that each person
ate only .54 of a pound of cranber-
ries last year.

He said he was not in agreement
with those who say there should
be a large carry-over for canning,
to be put into the market each fall
in competition with fresh fruit.
Cranberries, in his opinion, always
have, and always will be, a highly
seasonal commodity. This, he
said, had its advantages and its
disadvantages. One of the advant-
ages of this, he went on, is that
a seasonal fruit has a "news value"
aside from advertising and this
news value can be capitalized upon
through publicity.

Speaking of advertising, he said
he was firmly convinced that ACE
advertising last year not only bene-
fited the members of the sales
companies but the whole industry.
He said the Exchange ended the
season with orders on hand, rather
than cranberries, which is a good
way to end the season. He men-
tioned that the members of the
Coos Cooperative with headquar-
tei-s at Bandon, Oregon, which is
now affiliated with the Exchange,
were very much pleased with the
way their ci'op was handled last
year, as their fresh berries wei'e
sold out immediately and at top
prices.

In conclusion he said: "We at the
Exchange are not overcome by
pessimism."

Clyde McGrew

Following Mr. Chaney was Ml".
McGrew, who said "we must have
quality berries to get back the
fresh fruit market, particularly the
December market, which has fallen
off." He said that with more im-

(Continued on Page 17)

Eleven

ISSUE OF MAY, 1948
Vol. 13 No 1

CAPE COD'S "OPEN" MEETING

WE believe the public relations commit-
tee of the Cape Cod Cranberry Grow-
ers' Association did a service to the indus-
try in sponsoring the "open" meeting at
Wareham April 26th to hear the stoi-y of
agricultural institutes, presented by speak-
ers who "knew their stuff". The attend-
ance was small but doubtless would have
been larger had the evening not been one
of a tiring series of frost nights. What the
final reactions of the growers are will be
learned later when return post cards dis-
tributed are analyzed, and the growers
have mulled the thoughts over in their
minds.

Moderator Cole summed up the advant-
ages of an institute as "promotion (adver-
tising), publicity, service, conservation,
development of by-products and research."
The cranberry industry already has been
doing all these things, most of them for a
long time. American Cranberry Exchange
began advertising "Eatmor" cranberries
years ago, Cranberry Canners, now the
National Cranberry As.sociation, estab-
lished its "Cranberry Kitchen", did re-
search in by-products and other fields, has
an educational program, and it advertises
"Ocean Spray." Some independents have
done some advertising of their individual
products, particularly processed fruit.
Credit is certainly due all of these, espec-
ially the efforts of the two principal co-ops.
Certainly NCA has done a lot along this
line.

The question seems to be, however, can
the industry, working as a whole, do an
increasingly better job, by supplementary
promotion, advertising, publicity, etc.,
which would not impair the value which
has been built up in the now well-recog-
nized cranberry trade names but would
somehow lead to greater consumption of
.all cranberries from all areas. As pointed
out at the meeting, if more of a product is
to be produced ways must be found of
selling more.

That is the crux of the situation and the
proper place to consider it is a "non-polit-
ical", non-marketing body such as the Cape
association, the American Cranberry Grow-
ers' Association in New Jersey, the Wis-
consin State Cranberry Growers' Associa-
tion and the clubs of the West Coast, which
has no such association. Possibly an in-

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS

.Subscription $3.00 per year
Advertising rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS

Wisconsin

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington— Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY

Cranberry Specialist

Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK

Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station

East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station \

Pemberton, New Jersey !

1

creased promotional program on the part |
of the co-ops would do the job, but that

would leave the independents "no place to i

go" m taking part in an expansion program, j

except by individual effort. An institute j

might co-ordinate all these efforts. Wheth- |

er the imposition of another organization i

upon those already existing is desirable or '

not is a grower's problem. |

STILL on the subject of the Cape Grow- j

ers' Association, it did a fine job in its '

spring meeting and exhibition. Growers j

were interested in the equipment and ma- j

chinery show. They listened attentively j

to the scientific talks. Such meetings, as !

President Russell Makepeace pointed out, |

are occasions were all can really get to- i
gether, regardless of how they choose to

market. i

Twelve

ridonai section

TOP — Directors of Growers' Cran-
berry Company shown at dinner at
the "Fireside". Mt. HoUy, New Jer-
sey, followinK the annual meetinpr.
From left to ripht. Theodore H. Budd.
Sr.. Lester Collins. Roger Brick.

LOWER — Left, Daniel Mc.E ('-Mac")
Crabbe, president of American Cran-
berry Growers' Association and Wal-
ter Z. Fort, growers relations man
of Growers' Cranberry Company.
New Jersey, are welcomed to the an-
nual meeting: of New England Cran-
berry Sales Company at the annual
meeting of the Cape Co-op of ACE
at Carver town hall.. — {Photos Cour-
tesy American Cranberry Exchange.

Fourteen

Fifteen

WiHDOWS i ileasuMrwooUfOMfoiiiKhestsrctMiooleboro TOOIS

UPPER-
other in the

-E. W. Cin,.dhue. Goodhue Lumber Company, and Harrison F. Goddard of Plymouth discuss something or
Goodhue booth.

LOWER-Many were interested in the ..laborate out- door display of VeE-Acre Farms. (CRANHERKIES Photos)

Sixteen

New England Sales

(Continued from Page 11)

iroved quality fruit, there would
)^ berries to supply the entire
active" seasf^n, and with good
uality fruit the cranberry grow-
rs would be in good position for
'.19 competitive fruit and vegetable
larkets of the present time. "I
hink for the past few years the
rowers may have been more in-
tent upon quantity than quality."
He said another important in-
redient t ward stabilizing the
ind -Ftry aTai'i was to get a large
membership in a "democratic" co-
cperativ3. He continued this was
no time for Eastern growers to be
■p.gainst" the Western growers, or
,i e versa.

"Horse Sens? Needed"
Continuing, he j-aid there had
been a second World War and that
had ended, but there is still no
peace. "It is high time we have a
little pe-^ce, with liberty and truth
and backed by 'horse sense'. Let
us look forward constructively and
not backward remorsefully."

Lester Haines of the ACE New
York office, traffic manager, said if
the fresh fruit market was to be
kept, good berries were a neces-
sity. Speaking of shipments next
fall, he asserted the refrigerator
car situation looked better — unless
the military demand should be
stepped up.

Miss Manny of Batten, Barton,
Durstine & Osborne, Inc., adver-
tising agency for ACE, spoke in-
terestingly of publicity and adver-
tising, stressing the importance of
maintaining good public relations
with food editors of magazines and
newspapers.

Walter Z. Fort, growers' rela-
tions for Growers' Cranberry Com-
pany in New Jersey, and Daniel
McE. Crabbe of Toms River, New
Jersey, president of American
Cranberry Growers' Association,
were introduced and each spoke
briefly.

During the meeting there was
discussion by a number of mem-
bers, including Lawrence Cole,
Earle Broadway, Jesse Holmes, E.
L. Bartholomew, Russell Trufant
and Lincoln Hall, concerning can-
ning. Mr. Cole said he hoped for
closer relationship between New
England Cranberry Sales and NCA.

No action was taken.

President Cowen presided at the
meeting, and at noon a chicken pie
dinner was served.
Election of Officers and Directors

Nominated for directors of ACE
were: E. L. Bartholomew, George
Briggs, George E. Short, Homer
Gibbs, George A. Cowen, Arthur
D. Benson, Robert C. Hammond.

Directors of N. E. Sales: Dis-
trict No. 1 (Hanson, Pembroke,
Marshfield, Duxbury, Kingston,
Plympton): Paul E. Thompson,
Fred L. Bailey, Arthur H. Chand-
ler.

District No. 2 (Plymouth): L. B.
R. Barker, George Briggs, Robert

C. Hammond, George E. Short,
Sherman L. Whipple, Jr., Edward
S. Griffith.

District No. 3 (Middleboro) :
Wales Andrews, John G. Howes,
Albert A. Thomas.

District No. 4 (Carver): Isaac
M. Arenberg, Frank H. Cole, Ho-
mer L. Gibbs, Ruel S. Gibbs, Car-
roll D. Griffith, Kenneth E. Shaw,
Russell A. Trufant, Herbert J.
Vaughan, Homer Weston, H. R.
Bailey.

District No. 5 (Assonet, Free-
town, Lakeville, Rochester, Taun-
ton, Marion): Arthur D. Benson,
George A. Cowen, Nahum Morse,
Herbert Dustin.

CRANUERRIES MaKazine exhibit at the Spring meeting of Cape Cod Cran-
berry Growers' Association,

Seventeep

District No. 6 (Wareham): E. L.
Bartholomew, Arthur E. Bullock,
Joseph L. Kelley.

District No. 7 (Barnstable Coun-
ty): J. Fo.xcroft Carleton, Louis A.
Crowell, William Crowell, Walter
E. Rowley, E. E. Eldredge. (In
this district Eldredge and Fred S.
Jenkins were tied, Mr. Jenkins re-
signing in favor of Mr. Eldredge).

These directors at an organiza-
tion meeting immediately following
the members' meeting elected:
president, George H. Cowen, North
Rochester; first vice president,
Homer L. Gibbs, West Wareham;
second vice president, George E.
Short, Plymouth; general manager,
clerk and treasurer, Arthur D.
Benson, Middleboro; assistant
treasurer, Miss Sue A. Pitman,
Middleboro.

PROGRESS REPORT

measures, we find that tendencies
to rot are notable on (a) early
drawn bogs, (b) bogs weakened by
grub or false blossom or other in-
jury such as oxygen deficiency,

(c) bogs too dry in hot Augusts,

(d) bogs receiving fertilizer too
low in phosphorus, (e) hard-bot-
tom bogs. Note that only the last
is incurable. We propose a cam-
paign to reduce the other pre-
dispositions.

Turning to the matter of fungi
cides, we find that certain conclu-
sions are justified by a preponder-
ance of technical and practical ad-
vice. Without analyzing reasons,
these are:

1). That while occasional satis-
factory results have been obtained
in applying fungicides from the
air, at the present stage of the art
the results are not consistent

Committee on Keeping Quality

We find quality control to be a
matter of great importance, espec-
ially in the markets of today. The
Sales Company would be justified
in making a considerable expendi-
ture to reduce the proportion of
its berries which must be rele-
gated to cans because of poor qual-
ity.

The reduction of spoilage may
be divided into two subjects, gen-
eral preventive measures and fun-
gicides. In considering general

FOR SALE

6-INCH IRON

SUCTION PUMP OUTFIT

12 2-INCH DRIVEN WELLS

Will flow small bog if you strike
good vein water

Also good for irrigation

To secure this, write

PHILIP S. COLE

NORTH CARVER, MASS.
Box 2

E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co.

EVERY TYPE of Lumber
for the CRANBERRY GROWER

Cedar, Spruce and Wolmanized Treated F

Quotations cheerfully given on all
Building Materials

ir

Middleboro 1123

Telephone
No. Rochester 75 - New Bedford 2-5076

i

enough for us to rely on air mi
chines for any major portion of
fungicide program. Helicoptei
might well be used in emergenc
to make up for time lost by groun
machines due to bad weather.

2). That dusting by groun
machines is definitely inferior 1
spraying.

.3). That a minimum contrt
program would involve groun
spraying with Fermate in tw
treatments, one at the beginnim
of the flowering period befot
more than 5 per cent of the bud
have opened, and one near the eni
of flowering.

4). Either or both treatment]
could be made a blanket by add

MARSH
CLIPPER

The new marsh shoe that will
carry a man over the softest
marsh without leaving foot
prints. Made of cold, rolled
steel and welded construction.
Especially designed for the least
suction. Pat. applied for.
Large
Size

Medium ^O Ar

Size $5.93

SUPPLY

$9.95

Made

IS LIMITED!

and Sold by:

H. HARMSEN

MFG. COMPANY

140 11th Ave. So. Wis. Rapids

Ei^hteeyi

From Your Cranberry Bogs

1.

Save your crops
from
infestation.
Use
ALCOA Cryolite. IT'S SELECTIVE!

ALCOA Cryolite controls harmful, chewing
insects, but helps save the beneficial insects.

KV^S„<

The particle size of ALCOA Cryolite is uniformly
controlled. This means maximum, even coverage.

You'll be glad you used ALCOA Cryolite.
Bigger crops=more $ !

fRaa-

If you raise a number of different crops, you'll want the

ALCOA Cryolite spraying and dusting chart— tells when and how

to apply. Sent free on request.

ALUMINUM COMPANY OF AMERICA

1760 Gulf Building

• • •

CHEMICALS DIVISION

Pittsburgh 19, Pa.
• • *

lALCOA

Packed in 50-lb. bags, 6-lb. bags and handy Mb. shaker cans.

Alcoa Cryolite Insecticide

tion of DDT, pyrethruni, rotenone,
cryolite, etc. Fermate is compat-
ible with any of the insecticides
commonly used.

5). If berries from a bog, in 3
out of 5 years, show 7 per cent or
more of rot, the bog should be
sprayed. Against 10'; mechanical
injury, offset shrinkage, increased
screening cost, lower market value
and spoiled sales. This recom-
mendation may be modified from
year to year by rot forecasting in
line with Dr. Franklin's "Weather
in Cranberry Culture." If a bog
needs insecticide treatment any-
way, the addition of Fermate to
a suitably timed spray treatment
is justified by any noticeable indi-
cation of rot.

6). To date, the "weather" in-
dications are for a normal 1948
crop, with over-sized, tender ber-
ries. Later developments may re-
duce the size of berries or crop,
but could not overcome the ten-
dency toward weakness. A com-
plete Spring forecast will not be
available until about May 15th.

7). There are in the Sales
Company 4,500 acres, about 1,200
to 1,300 acres of which, on the

basis of (5) need fungicidal
spraying.

8). Within the time allotted
for effective treatment, we could
expect a small sprayer to cover 50
acres, and a larger one 100 acres.

Company would be wasteful as well
as impossible, taking about 60
sprayers, half large, half small.

10). We are limited to a vol-
untary ground spraying program,

which we may encourage as seems |

9). To cover the 4,500 Sales best.

THOMAS BROTHERS

General Contractors

MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

Tel. Midcleboro 772

Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells
Transit Mix Concrete

Complete Line of Construction Equipment
Excavating - Grading - Hauling

Leave the Tough Jobs for Us
Our Experience is Your Guarantee

XTter X\« -Lie K3

age

"KEEP SMILING"

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 740

Peter A. LeSage

Y.VRMOUTH

Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries Tei. Barnstable io7

Twenty

11.) Covering the 1,300 acres
leeding treatment would require
bout twenty sprayers, dependent
n size. The Company has but
hree. An essential part of our
irogram must be devoted to per-
uading member-owners or spray-
rs to permit use of their equip-
nent on other members' bogs. An
•arly questionaire is desirable.

12). Fermate ground spraying
wice would cost about $20 per
icre in all, including $7 for mater-
als. We suggest that the Com-
)any might well consider, as an
nducement, furnishing free Fer-
nate to growers for properly
imed, approved applications. With
he amount of compliance we could
easonably expect, the cost to the
jompany should not exceed $7,000.

13). We are assured Fermate
ivill be obtainable.

Conclusions

Our recommendations at this
ime are that the Company start
in educational campaign on the
general subject of quality improve-
nent at once, stressing. at the start
he advantages of late holding and
)ther general preventive meas-
ires. Also that we assemble data
)n sprayers which might be avail-
jble, and prepare an intensive pro-

PtahetJi:

GRASS and WEEDS

i^liould Be Controlled

\\e specialize in

CUTTING BAR EQUIPMENT

PLANET JRS. NATIONALS

ROTETTES

The BKN Co.

Route 28

SO. MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

Tel. Wareham 405-Wl

motion for late May. which might
be modified by prospects at that
time. Also that we consider the
free-Fermate idea.

If all our members had produced
only fresh berries last year, the
Sales Company would now have no
carry-over, and would have al-
ready closed its pool at a very
attractive figure. While it is too
late to remedy past errors, we can
guard against a repetition. What
we might be willing to give to
have our carry-over sold today at
S28 a barrel should be a guide in
considering the cost of any future
quality-control program.

The member who raises canning-
quality berries no longer has "two
says to sell cranberries." With
the tightening of screening re-
quirements for canning berries,
any fancied gain in selling to can-
ners is becoming a loss. The de-
layed returns from canning ber-
ries penalized their grower and all
his fellow-members. It pays to
grow quality.

Respectfully submitted,
Russell A. Trufant, Chairman.
George E. Short
Joseph L. Kelley

I

Protects Cranguyma]

Provide^

Protecfior^^/fron
Frost and Drought
at Cranguyma Farms^

PHOTO "courtesy of PORTLAND OREGON JOURNAL '■°"9 ^*°'''' ^°'*'-

Spreading out in an impressive acreage in the great North-
west, Cranguyma Farms at Long Beach, Washington, represents
an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand-
ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000
Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall
whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica-
tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinklers. The distrib-
utor or dealer listed below will be pleased to furnish additional
information upon request.

PACIFIC COAST DISTRIBUTORS

R. M. WADE and CO. ARMCO DRAINAGE & STOUT IRRIGATION INC.
Portland, Oregon METAL PRODUCTS CO. Portland, Oregon

Portland, Oregon

EAST & MIDWEST DISTRIBUTORS

L. R. NELSON MFG. CO.
Peoria, Illinois

MASSACHUSETTS DEALERS

JOSEPH BRECK & SONS IRRIGATION DIVISION VEGACRE FARM
85 State St., Boston, Mass. Forestdale (Cape Cod), Mass.

RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CORP.

GLENDORA

CALIFORNIA

Twenty-one

pearing in March, 1946. The librar-
ian, forestry department of the
English university, desired to have
the articles in entirety.

1

That the oxygen deficiency stu-
dies concerning cranberry flooding
waters are of general scientific in-
terest is shovi^n by the fact that
Dr. H. F. Bergman recently re-
ceived a request through "Biolog-
ical Abstracts" for copies of two
issues of CRANBERRIES from the
University of Oxford, England.
Dr. Bergman had prepared ab-
stracts of an article, "Study Oxy-
gen Deficiency in Winter Flooding
at Beaver Brook", by Charles H.
Lewis of Wisconsin in the Febru-
ary issue, 1946 and his own arti-
cle, "Oxygen Deficiency in the Win-
ter Flood of Cranberry Bogs", ap-

An Ad

in
CRANBERRIES
is your message
placed before the in-
dustry.

Charles A. Doehlert, heading the

New Jersey Cranberry-Blueberry
Laboratory at Pemberton, was a
visitor in Massachusetts last
month, attending the spring meet-
ing of CCCGA. He put in a busy
two days visiting Cape bogs, blue-

CRANBERRY MARSH
FOR SALE

Plenty of water — 240 acres of
land. Caterpillar dozer, truck,
etc. Two homes, one modern.
Reason for selling, ill health.
Contact "Gene" — Roussopoulos
Bros., Millston, Wis.

NEW BOG BUILDERS

WE SUGGEST YOU TAKE FULL ADVANTAGE

OF

LIGHTWEIGHT - PORTABILITY

and FAST COUPLING

OF

FLEX-0-SEAL PIPE

TO

GUARANTEE ESTABLISHMENT OF NEWLY SET BOGS

FOR FIRST TWO SEASONS

ONE LINE OF PIPE WILL SOAK DOWN
AN 80 FOOT STRIP EVERY TWO HOURS.

This line can then be easily moved by one man to new set-
ting and repeated. In this way a large acreage can be safely
developed by use of a single line of sprinklers and a cross header.

New bogs under four acres can receive this protection for
under a thousand dollars total. New Bogs five to ten acres would
run under sixteen hundred dollars — pumpers included.

This is not an expense but an investment,
as you have the equipment to move to other
new bogs, to transfer to other builders of .
new bogs, or to use as a foundation for com- .
plete frost protection and irrigation system
after first two seasons.

ENGINE PUMPING UNITS - PIPE - SPRINKLERS IN STOCK

We will be pleased to discuss Costs and Set-ups at No Obligation.

VE6-ACRE~PARM^ -IRRIGATION DIVISION

FORESTDALE— CAPE COD, MASS.

Phone Osterville 719

Urgent for Spring

Limited Number of MYERS SPRAYERS, 200 gallon tanks

DUSTERS — Power Driven - Three Sizes

PUMPS— 7 in. to 20 in.

ENGINES— Briggs & Stratton, 2-5 HP
Wisconsin, 6 HP
Minneapolis — Moline, 20-50 HP

HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO.

E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM 497-

W

Twenty-two

I

West Coast
Growers

.... have
"discovered"

- perl- O-S^a In

But its Low-Cost
Sprinkling and Pure
Efficiency are helpful
everywhere.

Conserve water! Simplify handling! Irrigate with gentle rain whenever
you please. Quick and easy to handle. No complicated circular patterns of
application. Absolutely even coverage over a rectangular area.

Low Pressure! Less horsepower and no grief from high-pressure, high-
speed pumping. Every drop the same size, falling gently like rain.

Send for Elustrated Folder and Free Layout Chart 1-E.

^ Per^'O-J^ain "

W. R. AMES COMPANY

150 Hooper Street, San Francisco, Calif.,
or 3905 E. Broadway, Tampa 5, Florida

EACH MEMBER OF THE NEW ENGLAND CRANBERRY
SALES COMPANY ENJOYS THE FOLLOWING
ADVANTAGES

His berries are sold by the AMERICAN CRANBERRY EXCHANGE, with competent
representatives in every market of the United States and Canada.

He has Sales Agents who, because of long experience in selling fresh cranberries in
every large market in the country, are best qualified to advise when and how to make
shipments.

His agents have the confidence of their customers because they give all a square deal —
the only safe foundation for successful business.

His berries, packed according- to established standards, are sold under the brands of
the SALES COMPANY and bear the popular, widely advertised "E A T M 0 R" label
of the Exchange.

He is insured against losses on shipments which through accident fail to net full value.

His Selling Agencies do not operate for profit, but are devoted to securing the best
possible results for their members at the lowest cost consistent with the most efficient
service.

He cooperates, on an equal basis, with every other member for the good of all and of
the Industry.

New England Cranberry Sales Company

GEORGE A. COWEN, President - ARTHUR D. BENSON, Treasurer
9 Station Street Middleboro, Mass.

Twenty-three

Cape Growers Interested In Plan

For Possible Gypsy Moth Eradication

The Peninsula Has Been
Chosen for Experiments,
Members of Clubs Are
Told at Concluding Meet-
ings— Robert B. Handy
Elected Head of Upper
Cape, Brant D. Ellis of
Lower

Final meetings for 1948 of the
Uppei- and Lower Cape Cod Cran-
berry clubs were held at Bruce
Hall, Cotuit, April 12 and at Or-
leans April 14 respectively. Both
were supper meetings.

Annual elections of officers were
held. At Cotuit, Robert B. Handy
of Cataumet succeeded John F.
Shields as president; Harold Shep-
pard, vice president; William Fos-
ter, re-elected secretary; Alvin
Crocker, treasurer. Directors, Seth
Collins, Ralph Thacher and John
Shields. Elected to the Cranberry
Advisory Committee were Mr.
Handy and Mr. Shields.

Orleans meeting: Brant D. Ellis
of Dennis succeeded Frederick B.
Eldridge, Jr., as president; Ray-
mond Syrjala, West Yarmouth, be-
came vice president; Calvin C.
Eldredge remains as secretary-
treasurer. Executive committee
consists of Maurice E. Lee, Brew-
ster; George Nickerson, Chatham-
port; William Crowell, Dennis;
Francis Kendrick, East Harwich;
Frank Ryder, Orleans. Elected to
the cranberry advisory board were
the retiring and the new president.
Gypsy Moth Control

A principal speaker was John
Anderson, State Dept. of Conser-
vation control of gypsy moth in
Plymouth, Barnstable, Nantucket
and Dukes counties. Mr. Anderson
gave most interesting talks — par-
ticularly to cranberry growers — of
a proposal to eradicate or at least
subdue the gypsies on the Cape.
He said the Cape (Barnstable
County) had been selected for large
scale experiments because of its

peculiar geographical features.
He said this long, narrow peninsula
is admirably suited for tests.

He briefly sketched in a resume'
of what had been done to date, the
project being proposed last Oc-
tober, and a meeting of 26 inter-
ested and well-informed persons in
Hyannis on November 26 had real-
ly started the ball rolling. This
meeting had discussed ways and
means by which the project could
be started.

It has been decided, he said, to
concentrate upon two areas on the
Cape. These two areas were se-
lected because in each instance
they were where three towns
joined and where there had been
bad infestations in past years.
The larger area, one of 5,600 acres
takes in sections of Sandwich,
Mashpee, and the western portion
of Barnstable. The other, toward j
the lower end of the Cape, takes l
in areas in Brewster, Harwich and |
Dennis and this contains 2,150
acres. The thought would be that
these areas would be expanded
eventually until they merged. In j
these areas the pest would be I

FREDERICK V. LM1IRENCE, Inc.

Construction - Manufacturing - Building Materials
Transit Mix Concrete

Main Office — Falmouth, Tel. FAL. 1800 Hyannis, Tel. HY 300

WAREHAM PLANT— ELM ST., WAREHAM— TEL. WRHM. 1180

To Cranberry Growers — Our services, backed by a complete line
of construction equipment, are available for the building or repairing
of bogs, flumes and pump wells. Surveys of your requirements and
quotations given without obligation.

Twenty-four

ought with planes and with ground
quipment, such as mist spray-
hrowers.

In this piogiam will be con-
erned Federal, State and town
froits. The Government has,
ince the meetings, provided a
ilot and bi-plane which has flown
ver 1000 of the acres and for this
he State provided the DDT. The
tate has also provided the ma-
3rials for the balance of the
reas. Each of the six towns has
lade a special appropriation at
he town meetings and will coop-
rate in the work.

He said the project would prob-
bly take from three to five years
nd was only experimental, but he
••as very hopeful of success. He
oped a permanent project might
e set up, as in the mosquito con-
rol program.

Dr. Franklin

Dr. Franklin gave a talk, ex-
)laining the insect control charts
luite similar to those before
/larch meetings of Plymouth clubs
eported in the April issue. In this
gain he stressed the efficiency of
)DT as being "remarkably" effec-
ive against the gypsies and very
iseful for the growers against
nany other cranberry insects.

Dr. Chandler

Dr. F. B. Chandler discussed
Bog Fertilizers." He sketched in
he mixtures of the past and the
)resent, and told of continuing
xperiments at the State Bog. He
aid in addition to testing nitrogen,
ihosphorus and potash combina-
ions, there were a number of test
)lots to check the minor elements
IS to their possible value in cran-
>erry fertilizers.

He said the use of fertilizers by
ranberry growers in Massachu-
ietts is steadily increasing. This
;rend is quite marked, he said, and
•nore is being used each year. In
fact, at the Orleans meeting, he
3aid a recent survey showed that
ipproximately Vi of Barnstable
County's 3,500 acres had been fer-
tilized last year. He said a survey
in 1935 by Dr. Franklin and County
Agent Tomlinson had showed that
in 1935 about 295 tons had been
used in the entire state and pre-
sented figures which indicated that
724 tons had been used in 1946.
While '47 figures were not avail-

able, he said he believed there had
been an increase over '46.

Final feature at both meetings
was a color movie of helicopter
dusting shown by "Bert" Tomlin-
son.

A special feature at the Orleans
meeting was a talk by Calvin B.
Eldredge, son of Secretary and
Mrs. Calvin C. Eldredge. Young
Mr. Eldredge has just been grad-
uated from Briston County Agri-
culture School, where he won first
prize in public speaking and also
won third prize at Amherst. His
topic was "The Cranberry Indus-
try". He is to make cranberry
growing his career and is the own-
er of ten acres of bog.

At the Cotuit meeting, Andrew
Kerr introduced the following res-
olution in view of the threatened

total abandonment of all rail ser-
vice to Southeastern Massachu-
setts. It was adopted and is as
follows:

Resolved: That the Upper Cape
Cod Cranberry Club go on record
in favor of the consolidation,
co-ordination, and allocation of
our public transportation sys-

.4iiiiiBiiiiiaii>iiaiiiiiaiiiiiBiiiiiBiiiiiB!iiiiB!iniBiiiiiaiiiinnii'

NEW GROWERS

COMING EVERY YEAR

KEEP IT UP

Quality - Service

Frost Insecticide Co.

Box 36
ARLINGTON 74 MASS.

«lllllBIIIIIBill'!aill1IBIIIIIBIIIIIBIIIIlBIIIIIBniBIIIIIBIIIIIB1l"

Cranberry Growers

Please do not wait until the hole is dug to order your flumes.
Prefabricated means we build them for you, you just install them.
Give us time to do your work.

Flumes — Prefabricated

Sliding Gate Reservoir Flumes— the kind that let you sleep on
frosty nights.

Dog-leg Reservoir Flumes — for Oxygen Enrichment.
Flashboard-type Lower Flumes — for close regulation of water

levels.

With Armco Pipe

Long Lengths — few joints — easy to handle.

Galvanized, asbestos bonded, completely coated, with a paved

bottom to take the wear.

And No Spiling

Instead, on short pipes, reservoir flumes, or where eels and
muskrats are bad, use a corrugated-iron seepwall collar, ex-
tending two feet above, below, and both sides of pipe.

Assembled in a few hours

Excavating and backfilling your chief problem.

No Settlement

Except as the whole dike settles, even on the softest bottom.

R. A. TRUFANT — Hydraulic Consultant

Tel. Carver 64-11 - Bog Railroads For Sale or Rent - North Carver, Mass.

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

17 Court St.
Plymouth, Mass.

BOG MANAGEMENT

Tels: Plymouth 1622
Kinfston 319

If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will
pay you to see us.

A number of properties available, more wanted.

Xwenty-five

terns in accordance with our
economy, so as to give the pub-
lic the very best transportation
services, at the lowest possible
average rate consistent with
proper upkeep, public safety,
and the safetv of its securities

JARI POWER SCYTHE

Cuts weeds, grass, brush

Write for details

CALCO
Rainmaker

Portable Steel Pipe

Milorganite

Organic 6% Nitrogen Fertilizer

BfrrfR fRRIG4rfON

With

IISS
WATER

For Farm, Or
and quickly
HMivy duly
for long ttni
lor lubricolodl
quirod. No
wo«r owl. M4
bullen.

A Model For
Every Pretiur*

or Truck Gordon. latlly

od on any irrigation pipo.

|m and bronzo conttruction

Sand ond dirt proof. Wa-

faring*— no oil or groato ro-

moving part* to rapidly

num (ovorago— ovOH dittrl-

^ BUCKNER MANUFACTURING CO.if,
161 S BUckitoB* Av*., Frooao, CoUfocmb

8UCRNER SPRINKLERS

with regular payment of inter-
est and dividends on them.

That the public is entitled as per
the Constitution of the United
States to the best services of the
most efficiently organized and
managed public transportation
services that our most experi-
enced and best trained econom-
ical, engineering, legal, technical,
and financial minds can devise.

That we must insist that the Con-
gress of the United States and
our legislatures adopt a broad-
minded, up-to-date policy that
will give the public transporta-
tion services that we are entitled

to, as it is physically impossi.,,
to have a successful commerA
without efficient public servia
transportation.

SCOOPS AND SCREENINGS

(Continued from Page 22)

berry plantations (thanks to Joi
Kelley) and the State Bog, when
he talked with members of the re
search staff. He was house gues
of C. J. Hall of CRANBERRIES.

• Complete Coverage

• Quick and Safe

• Economical

Sky -Spray, Inc., affiliated with The
F. A. Bartlett Tree Expert Co.. offers
a complete up-to-date service for
spraying (or dusting:) by air. backed
by three years of proven efficiency
and results. For all types of large
areas. Private properties .... Fed-
eral, State and Municipal . . . Parks
and Parkways .... Public Utilities,
etc. Harmless to humans and ani-
mals ; no interruption of daily rou-
tine. Complete insurance protection
for clients.

Sky-Spray, Inc.

FOR PROMPT CONSULTATION

CALL YOUR NEAREST
HARTLETT REPRESENTATIVE

Prior to his visit, William Bi
Tomlinson, Jr., his associate il
research, had made a brief tri^
to Massachusetts with Mrs. Tonu
linson and family. The family
visited relatives in Providence, B
I., while "Bill" made a trip to th*
State Bog, East Wareham. Thi
was a vacation, but Tomlinsoi
couldn't resist the opportunity t
mix some cranberries in.

FOR SALE

Most cranberry bogs for sale
in Plymouth County are listed
with my office. Complete brok-
erage service offered.

Desirable bogs now available

Robert R. Larkin

Realtor

West Harwich 504W

Cape Cod

lin WASHINQTON STREET
WMT NEWTON 6t, MA8I.

HUBBARD

FERTILIZERS — INSECTICIDES
For Cranberries

J?ed M 7-7-7

Packed in 80 lb. bags for easier handling

For Sales and Service call
ARTHUR RABESA — Falmouth, Mass.

Telephone Falmouth 1693

The Rogers & Hubbard Company

PORTLAND, CONNECTICUT

Established In 1878

Twenly-aix^

Theodore Budd
Again President
Cranberry Exchange

Directors of American Cran-
jerry Exchange held their annual
■neeting at the Hotel Pennsylvania,
N'ew York, opening April 27 for a
;hree-day session.

Election of officers the first day
•esulted in the re-election of Theo-
iore H. Budd, Sr., Pemberton, New
Jersey, president; 1st vice presi-

dent, Homer L. Gibbs, West Ware-
ham, Mass., vice president, Ber-
nard C. Brazeau, Wisconsin Rap-
ids, Wisconsin; vice president,
George R. Briggs, Plymouth; exec-
utive vice president, C. M. Chaney,
New York; seci'etary and treasurer,
E. Clyde McGrew, New York; as-
sistant treasurer, Kathryn Pratt,
New York.

Discussion was held on the con-
tinued improvement of pack and
grade of fresh fruit; the enlarged
advertising campaign to help move

the crop.

Present at his first meeting as
a director was William F. Huffman,
former president Wisconsin Cran-
berry Sales Company. Mr. Huff-

NOTE

Two articles, scheduled for this
month, one a talk upon legal as-
pects of cranberry growing by At-
torney Fletcher Clark, Jr., Middle-
boro, Mass., and the other upon
irrigation water supplies on Cape
Cod, mentioned last month, will be
published in a later issue.

AGRICO: FOR CRANBERRIES

We recommend
Agrico for Cranberries, 5-8-7 Fertilizer this spring

Dealers at Carver, Middleboro, Wareham, Plymouth and
throughout the entire Cape

The AMERICAN AGRICULTURAL CHEMICAL CO.

North Weymouth, Mass.

Telephone Weymouth 9-2640

Colley Cranberry
Company

SHIPPERS OF CAPE COD
CRANBERRIES

'SUITSUS" Brand

Plymouth, Mass.

Office
17 Court Street

Telephone
Plymouth 1622

Tw«nt^-iieveD

man is publisher of Wisconsin are cooperating in issuing frost

Rapids Daily Tribune and owner of warnings. Present also was Ray

radio station WFHR. Through his Bates, president of the Coos Cran-

efforts radio stations in the Wis- berry Co-op, Bandon, Oregon, now

consin cranberry area this year affiliated with ACE.

Mass. Vets Visit
NCA Hanson Plant
For Second Time

Cranberry Growers . . .

You value the sound, proven recommendations of
the East Wareham Cranberry Experiment Station in
growing your crops successfully.

Equally invaluable to you is sound, properly
written Insurance fitted specially to the needs of
Cranberry Growers.

E. A. Thacher of this firm will be happy to
discuss your requirements, and without charge or
obligation, prepare a survey of your property and
needs.

Brewer & Lord

INSURANCE
56 Batterymarch Street, Boston

Telephone: Hancock 60830

On Thursday, April 15th, the
veterans participating in on-the-
job training in the cranberry in-
dustry, met at NCA's Hanson plant
for the second time in the 1947-
48 session. They were conducted
on a tour of the plant by Marcus
L. Urann, president of NCA. Sev-
eral times during the tour Mr.
Urann stopped to lecture on the
finer points of processing cran-
berries and to answer questions.

After inspecting the plant the
group relaxed and discussed the
prospects for the cranberry indus-
try. A turkey dinner was served,
with Mr. Urann acting as host for
the National Cranberry Associa-
tion, and his guests participated in
demonstrating the final process for
Ocean Spray, the ultimate use by
the consumer.

Discussion was resumed shortly
after dinner. The questions asked
by "Bill" Tufts (G. I. instructor)

Prevents Hotandlem'itesf t

Specify and be sure you get

CUPROLIGNUM

to Save Costly Renewals on Flumes
and Headgates

CUPROLIGNUM SHINGLE STAIN

For new clapboards, old stained or new shingles. Can be painted
over if desired.

CUPROLIGNUM COPPER BOTTOM PAINT

with the addition of Cuprolignum gives added resistance to bar-
nacles or teredoes by penetrating the wood cells, depositing toxics
which remain after paint film has completely disintegrated.

New England Representative

ROBERT S. CHASE

195 Marlboro Street Boston 16, Mass.

Manufacturers: RUDD PAINT & VARNISH CO., Seattle, Washington

Twenty-eight

group showed them to be vitally
concerned with the problems that
confront the industry today and
the effects of these problems on the
future. (Photos of the gathering,
courtesy NCA, page 14.

Last December the veterans'
group had its first meeting at
National's Hanson plant. The sub-
ject at that time was concerned
mainly with the history of process-
ing in the cranberry industry.

NCA Directors Meet

The Board of Directors of the
National Cranberry Association,
meeting at Hanson late in April,
voted to pay an advance of $2 a
barrel on all berries for which
members have thus far received
$10 a barrel.

NCA's first advance to members
consisted of $15 per hundred pounds
for the first 200 barrels delivered,
and $10 per hundred pounds for all
berries over 200 barrels. The new
advance will bring all $10 pay-
ments up to S12.

A committee consisting of Chas.
Lewis of Wisconsin, Joseph Dar-
lington of New Jersey, and Russell
Makepeace of Massachusetts was
appointed by the Board to confer
with other groups interested in an
over-all cooperative for marketing
cranberries.

National to Hold
"Cranberry Week"
In the Fall

To get the cranberry season off
to an early start, the National
Cranberry Association will sponsor
a "Cranberry Week" this fall, with
nation-wide publicity through the

Let Us Handle

Your Power Needs

for Bog Pumps

International

and

Continental Red Seal

Industrial Engines

SALES and SERVICE

J. M. HACKETT

Tel. Rockland 1864
NO. HANOVER MASS.

CONTROL

Cranberry Root Grubs
White Grubs • Chokeberry
White Violets * Loosestrife
Poison Ivy * Small Bramble
Three Square Grass * Wild Bean

Ose

TH*OE MARK B£G U S PAT. OFF.

PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE

The Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station
Charts recommend

Para-dichlorobenzene for controlling Root Grubs, White Grubs,
Chokeberry, White Violets, Loosestrife, Poison Ivy, Wild Bean,
Three Square Grass and Small Bramble. For best results, bogs
should be treated in April or early May. Write for details.

SOLVAY PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE

FOR TREATING CRANBERRY BOGS

is distributed by

THE CRANBERRY TRADING POST

• Plymouth, Mass.

• Onset, Mass.

• North Harwich, Mass.

• Bordentown, New Jersey

SOLVAY SALES DIVISION '^^Z

CHEMICAL & DYE CORPORATION
K STREET. BOSTON 9, MASS.
Twenty-nine

press, radio, hotels and restaurants,
and retail stores. The decision to
promote Cranberry Week was made
at a recent meeting of the Associ-
ation's Board of Directors at Han-
son.

Cranberry Weelc will take place
late in September or early in Oc-
tober. Since the cranberry season
ordinarily gets off to a slow start
and does not pick up real steam
until Thanksgiving approaches in

The Forges Contractors, Inc.

WATER ST.

PLYMOUTH, MASS.

Tel. 1763

Cranberry Bog Building and Rebuilding

Power Shovels, Cranes, Clamshells

Draglines. Bulldozers and Trucks

Dealers in:

Prefabricated half and full circle "Whipple

Flumes".

New England Metal Culvert Co. Pipe.

^^^youwantit..._^^^

■/fi

h,,

"Zildionlines

reeSS

A complete ranpe fur any waterine con-
dition from 'A G.P.M. and 20 pounds
pressure to 410 G.P.M. and 100 pound;;
pressure. Especially designed for use
on portable irrijiation systems. They are
litiht, compact, j^eneral purpose sprink-
lers built for rough and tumble usape.
Wide variability in speed of rotation.
Stainless steel parts insure freedom of
action, long life. Write today for details
on the Skinner Line. No obligation.

The Skinner Irrigation Co.

ISO Water St., TROY, OHIO

SKINNER 4^
5 Star X
Sprinkler

NNER
-f 4 Star
Sprinkler

November, the Association's Di-
rectors felt that the promotional
stunt during the early fall would
give the season a head start with-
out detracting from normal heavy
sales during the holiday season.

Cranberry Week will feature
both fresh and processed Ocean
Spray berries. Publicity will be
approached from every suitable
angle, with the aim of making con-
sumers all over the country cran-
berry-conscious, and creating a
carry-over of enthusiasm that will
last until the holiday season.

The National has employed a
New York public relations man to
handle Cranberry Week promotion.
He will spend some time in Massa-
chusetts during May gathering
material to help him in the months
of preparation which Cranberry
Week will involve.

Fresh from the Fields

(Continued from Page 5)

will have more than paid for itself.
New Plantings

At the present writing it looks
as if about 400 acres of new plant-
ing will be put in in Wisconsin this
year. Goldsworthy is planting
about 75 acres, of which roughly
"b will be set at Three Lakes.
These will be his own, while the
rest will be on properties he man-
ages for others in Northern Wis-
consin.
Cranberry Institute Next Winter?

Goldsworthy, with the Cranberry
School ended, is trying to get the
University of Wisconsin to conduct
a "Cranberry Institute" for the
growers around Wisconsin Rapids
next winter. He feels the plan is
quite likely to succeed, and as
Wisconsin does not have a cran-
berry laboratory or a state spec-
ialist, such an institute should be
of immense value to growers who
do not have too much contact with
scientific information.
Notes

Dan O'Neill, former partner of
Dan Courtney of the Oncour Cran-
berry marsh, who was killed in a

Ski NNER -"Pioneer and Leader in Irrigation -for nearly half a century.

"CRANBERRIES"
ADVERTISING
PAYS BIG
DIVIDENDS!

Reasonable Rates
on Request

Thirty

passenger airline accident recently
at Chicago airport, has taken
over the management of the marsh.
Mr. Courtney was a member of
Wisconsin Cranberry Growers' As-
sociation, Wisconsin Cranberry
Sales Company and of American
Cranberry Exchange. He was one
of the young-er growers and joined
the Sales Company about two years
ago.

Don Rowe, county agent for
Wood County, recently interviewed
"Del" Hammond over radio station
WFHR, Wisconsin Rapids. The
topic was what part the Wisconsin
cranberry industry played in the
industrial set-up of the state, how
it ranked in the U. S. cranberry
production, and a general picture
of the industry as a whole.

NEW JERSEY

Temperature

Though probably not many will
believe it, the average daily mean
temperature at Pemberton has been
about a degree above normal with
an average of 52.4°. The highest

temperature at Pemberton was 81°
on the morning of the 23rd. Tem-
peratures down to 19° occurred on
cranberries and down to 22-26° on
blueberries on the morning of the

23r<i. Bogs were generally pro-
tected or the vines were in resist-
ant condition.

No injury to blueberries has been
noticed or reported.

bm

PROTECT

THIS YEAR'S PROMISE FOR

A

PROFITABLE

CRANBERRY CROP

Use Black Leaf 40 in accordance with State
recommendations for the control of
Blackheaded Fireworm Blunt-Nosed Leafhopper

Spittle Insect Red-Striped Fireworm

TOBACCO BY-PRODUCTS & CHEMICAL CORP.

Incorpoi'ated
LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY

AKRK ITLTIRAI. 4:HE>firAL$it

CONTROL CRANBERRY PESTS
WITH THESE PEN CO* PRODUCTS
KryocSde ^h/ut^,/ cryolite

A favorite for many years with cranberry
growers. Controls the cranberry weevil,
gypsy moth caterpillar, cranberry blos.som
worm, false army worm and fruit worms.

PENCO WB-SO"^

Wettable Base, 50% DDT

Micron-sized for better suspension and de-
posit. Contains superior spreaders and
stickers for reducing loss from run-off.
Made by Pennsalt, a leading basic pro-
ducer of agricultural chemicals. For details
write to Agricultural Chemicals Division.
Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Com-
pany, Philadelphia 7, Pa.

oFr.. u. S. PAT- OFF.

Photo Couftftsv Be'l Aircrofl Corp.

Thirty-one

Precipitation

Rainfall through the 26th has
been 1.29 inches above normal in
South Jersey. This puts bog wat-
er supplies in good condition for
the frost season.

R. B. Wilcox brought back from
Beltsville, Maryland, nearly 400
seedlings of tetraploid cranberries
and planted them in test plantings
at Cutts Brothers' bogs. He has
shipped to Dr. J. H. Clarke at
Cranguyma, Washington, propa-
gation material of the 40 hybrid
selections of 1940.

Double Trouble Company has
been building extensive dams,
forming two new reservoirs and
dividing the large New Guinea bog.

Cutts Brothers also have built
new reservoirs and prepared a new
bog for planting. This is virgin
land.

The bogs of the late Newton
Clevenger have been taken over
by Mrs. Virginia Wills Eldridge.

Blueberry Sprayer

The Cranberry and Blueberry
Research Laboratory has acquired
a 200 gallon Friend sprayer. This
has been made possible by the
Frederick V. Coville Research Fund
which was set up in 1947 by the
Blueberry Cooperative Association.
It will be used chiefly for spraying
experiments in the study of possi-
ble methods for controlling blue-
berry stunt disease. The Experi-
ment Station has furnished a jeep
for towing the sprayer. The first
applications of spray will have
been applied before this issue goes
to press. The trapping of insects
in blueberry fields, which is an-
other part of this experimental
work, was begun during April in
New Jersey, North Carolina, and
Massachusetts. Trapping in Mich-
igan and Washington will probably
start in May.

WASHINGTON

Late Spring

This has been a cold, late spring
in Western Washington. There had

TILLER Mr/ w

# Full hortepoww motor
^ Standard two speedi—

(ofward and re»a«o.

# Positive action, multl-
pla diu clutch.

A Full tlzed ^ft'etoctriC
alloy itsol tines.

ARIENS COMPANY • BRILLIDN.WI5

been no frosty weather up to April
26th, but the temperatures have
been mostly in the low 50's, and
the vines have remained practically
dormant. It has also been very
difficult to get any oiling done be-
cause of the almost continual wet
weather.

Could Mean Smaller Crop
This can be a serious matter for

0^

sow

the Washington crop, D. J. Ore-
ley points out. When the season'
is late the lost growing period is^
just not made up by subsequent!
high temperatures. These high]
recordings do not come, so when
warm weather is missed in the
spring it can well mean berries will
be smaller and production will be
less.

TOP PERFORMANCE

is what you get when
ELECTRICITY

is at your command in your bog work
and at home.

Plymouth County Electric Co.

WAREHAM
Te!. 200

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 1300

Beaton's Distributing Agency

NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS
of

Co^ &cyd 6Acm££AAie^

for over a quarter century
in United States and Canada

Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 130 or 970

Thirty-two

J!et i J^ook at the Slecordl

rjVER a period of many years, Minot Food
Packers, Inc., have fully cooperated with
cranberry growers in their problems, and par-
ticularly as regards stabilizing the market with
a "just price" for canned sauce.

YiyiTH so much publicity as regards cut prices
on the 1947 crop pack of canned sauce,
even though we feel that it is not necessary
to assure our growers, nevertheless we
make public announcement that Minot Food
Packers, Inc. have not reduced prices, nor did
they offer any promises when quoting their
prices on Minot brand and Conway's brand of
Cranberry Sauce packed from 1947 crop berries
or 1946 crop berries.

AUR policy, at all times, is that the growers should receive
a "just price" for their cranberries and we, in turn, offer
the canned product at a "just price" to the distributors.

U will pay you DIVIDENDS to deal with

MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, INC.

BRIDGETON

NEW JERSEY

Represented by
BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY

WAREHAM, MASS.

DO YOU AGREE?

1. That a larger per cent of the 1948 crop should be sold fresh than
in the past several years?

2. That we must pep up cranberry eaters with additional advertising?

3. That we should protect our markets for the future by improving
grade and pack?

4. That we must, for the benefit of all, avoid a useless price war?

If so, you should be a member of the American Cranberry Ex-
change— because this is our 1948 program.

The American Cranberry Exchange, Inc.

The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative

Marketers of

Eatmor
Cranberries

90 West Broadway

New York 7, N. Y.

SEND FOR OUR BOOKLET, CRANBERRIES AND CO-
OPERATION. IT WILL GIVE YOU THE FULL STORY OF
HOW CRANBERRY GROWERS WORK TOGETHER FOR
ORDERLY. PROFITABLE MARKETING THROUGH THE EX-
CHANGE.

iVINC A $12,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY

4PE COD
lEW JERSEY
WISCONSIN
OREGON
WASHINGTON

"BILL" WYETH (Article, Page 6)

30 Cents

June, 1948

PROMISES or RESULTS

Promises are easy to make, and hard to keep. Results mean a lot of
hard work, intelligent thinking, and planning. Results has been the
by-word of the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company since its founding,
and will continue to be in the future.

Promises are made and broken every day.

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

(A Cooperative)

WHY

. . . wait until your crop
has been harvested . . .

.... and guess and gamble
with it.

WHEN . . .

.... you can be sure of a safe, sound way of disposing of your
cranberries, by using the services of this Comapny, which is
thoroughly and economically equipped to handle them, as proven
by our 54 years of successful marketing. If you are not a mem-
ber of this progressive Company, you are invited to become one.

Growers Cranberry Company, Inc.

Oldest Cooperative in the Cranberry industry
Oldest agricultural Cooperative in New Jersey

PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY

ad

<c

ObS UOiM

Never before have so many retailers pnshert Ocean Spray Cranberry Sauce in their
newspaper ads at this time of year. Since January more than 300 samples of grocery
store ads featuring- Ocean Spray have reached NCA's Hanson office. And these, of
course, are only a small pevcentagp of the ads that actually appear.

It isn't the easiest thing- in the world to persuade a retailer to boost cranberry
sauce in the spring. Ocean Spray's brokers and sales department have worked long
and hard at the task, and a great deal of work remains to be done. But every news-
paper ad that says "Ocean Spray Cranbei-ry Sauce — a "Must" with Chicken . . . 19c"
means new year-round customers for Ocean Spray, and greater seciirity for cranberry
growers.

JOIN WITH NCA TO BUILD A BIGGER MARKET FOR BIGGER CROPS.

National Cranberry Association

The Growers' Cooperative

Hanson, Massachusetts
Onset, Massachusetts
Plymouth, Massachusetts

Branches at:

North Harwich, Massachusetts
Bordentown, New Jersey
North Chicago, Illinois

Coquille, Oregon
Markham, Washington
Long Beach, Washington

DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROVVjlR:>:

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREHAM 162

S. C, M. Packard & Go.

Hardware — Lockamiths
For Maintenance Suppliea

Marinette &
Menominee Box Co.

Marinette, Wisconsin

BOXES. BOX SHOCKS. CRATING
WIREBOUND BOXES AND CRATES

M & M'a 64th Year

Strvioc th* WlieoB*lii
Cranbarry Growara

Eztensire Experience in
ELECTRICAL WORK

At Seraanliouaaa. Boaa aad

At Seraaahouaaa, Boca aad
Pumpa Maana SallaTactlaa

ALFRED PAPPI

WAaEHAM. MASS

Tal. •••

USE DYNAMITE

The modern way to re-
move stumps, excavate
rocks, DIG CORES FOR
DIKES, and other blasting
work In cranberry growing.
Bpeeds up work — reduces costs.
CONSULT WITH US ON ANY
WORK YOU ARE PLANNING.
Trained by Hercules Powder Co.

ALTON J. SMITH

High St., Hanson, Mass.

Tel. Bryantville 297

Diesel Bulldozer

E. C. HOWES

WEST WAREHAM, MASS.
Tel. Wareham 405-W-2

Experienced in Bog Work

"CRANBERRIES"
ADVERTISING
PAYS BIG
DIVIDENDS!

Reasonable Rates
on Request

WE ARE BUILDING
OUR NEW PLANT

and will be pleased
to supply you with your

Box Requirements

Also oil hand: a supply of Best
Quality Pine BUILDING LUMBER

F. H. COLE

North Carver, Mass.

Est. 1707
WOODEN BOX MFGR.

Edwin K. Greer Co.

WAREHAM. MASS.
Est. 1891 Tel. Wareham 108

PIONEERS RETAILERS OF
BUILDING MATERIALS

CATERING To The CRANBERRY
INDUSTRY

LUMBER DRAIN PIPE

WOOD PRESERVERS BOLTS

TOOLS

Ha R. Bailey Coa

South CarTer
Massachusetta

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.
in stock

Morris April Bros:

Bridgeton • Tuckaho |
New Jersey

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

Wood
County
National
Bank

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

MIMBIR PIDIRAL BarSSIT

iNiuRANO eei«pait«Ti*M

>ERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY

ADAMS & GOULD

Lumber Dealers

"Everything Under Cover"
East Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 648

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Paints - Hardware

Attention
Cranberry
Growers ! !

We have

Drain Pipe

.arge Sized Terra Cotta

lakes a Permanent Installation

RALPH W. ELLIOT

landwich Rd., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 794

Mail Address: Buzzards Bay, RFD

Plumbing and Heatinf Service

CROP-SAVER

brand

INSECTICIDES
FUNGICIDES

For the Cranberry Grower

CROP-SAVER
CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc.

3511 West Potomac Avenue
Chicago 51, Illinois

1

Acushnet

Cape & Vineyard

Saw Mills Co.

Electric Company

GOOD

WOOD BOXES

Offices:

Cranberry Growers

Chatham

Falmouth

Order Harvest and
Shipping Boxes

Hyannis

Vineyard Haven

New Bedford, Mass.

Est. 1865

Established 184S

Hall & Cole

Incorporated

Harvest

and

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

Shipping

94 Faneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON, MASS.

Boxes

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES
SPECIALTIES

Jesse A. Holmes & Son

Carver, Mass.

Car Lot Receivers

Tel. Carver 10-3

The National Bank of Wareham

Conveniently located for Cranberry men

Funds always available for sound loans

Complete Banking Service

Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.

Mass. Cranberry
Station and Field Notes

by J. RICHARD BEATTIE
Extension Cranberry Specialist

Bog work in Massachusetts was
definitely slowed down during the
past few weeks because of frequent
frost flows and heavy rains (16
frost nights and 18 consecutive
days of rain as of May 25.) Prob-
ably weed control work has been
restricted the most. Considerable
kerosening had been planned, but
poor weather conditions upset the
schedule. Actually with all this
rain and frost flows, the stage is
set for a severe weed season. Some
acreage is still being sprayed, but
at a risk of injury to the vines and
possible reduction in the crop. It
will be interesting to observe the
results of this late kerosening, ac-
cording to Dr. C. E. Cross. This
leads up to a few timely sugges-
tions plus some of the spring ac-
tivities of the Experiment Station
staflF.

Speaking of Dr. Cross, let's lead
ofi' with a brief word as to some
of his work, but first a tip on 2,4D.
He suggests that growers who
have a loosestrife problem and
have been unable to use kerosene,
might try 2,4D or "Weedone", as
it's called. (Loosestrife is the
it's called. (Loosestrife is that
weed which has each pair of leaves
arranged opposite each other).
Mix the material according to the
manufacturer's recommendation or
even a little stronger, and apply to
the tips of each loosestrife plant
with gloved hand moistened with
the solution. Obviously it would
not be a practical treatment where
there is a heavy infestation. How-
ever, on scattered plants it defi-
nitely is an effective treatment.
Remember that 2,4D is deadly to
cranberry vines and that hand
weeding is a waste of time for this
particular weed. At present, Dr.
Cross is working on an oil emul-
sion that may be diluted to any
strength that may be desired. If

successful, it will greatly extend
the spraying season for weed con-
trol.

Dr. H. J. Franklin, in charge of
the Cranberry Experiment Station,
is making an appraisal of the
probable keeping quality of cran-
berries based on the study of
weather developments. There will
be considerable interest in this
work when completed. The write-
up of portions of the 1946 Cran-
berry Survey has been completed
by the Station stafi' under Dr.
Franklin's direction. It will be
published as a bulletin at a later
date.

Dr. H. F. Bergman makes a very
timely suggestion on the fruit rot
problem. There is considerable in-
terest among cranberry growers to
leally slow down this particular
disease. Dr. Bergman recommends
a spray program, using two appli-
cations of fermate. The first ap-
plication would be made when the
buds are just ready to open. This
probably would be some time be-
tween June 15th to the 25th. The
amount of fermate recommended is
2 lbs. to a hundred gallons of wat-
er, using 250-300 gallons to the
acre. The second application would
be made when the bog is two-
thirds to three-quarters out of
bloom, using the same materials
and amounts per aci'e.

Dr. F. B. Chandler and Dr. Berg-
man are completing the work of
setting out the new cranberry seed-
lings. The purpose will be to ob-
serve their disease resistance,
yields, and fruiting characteristics.
This is in addition to the 1100-odd
seedlings that Dr. Bergman hy-
bridized (cross-pollinated) several
years ago. Dr. Chandler is putting
out his fertilizer plots and will be
studying the effect of phosphorus
on the keeping quality of cranber-
ries. He will continue his work on

soil moisture content by means o
tensiometers.

Joseph Kelley and the writer an
busy making bog visits. Colorec
pictures are being taken of vari
ous bog operations, including th(
new vine setters, prefabricatet
pump wells, various types of heavj
equipment in operation, and nev
sanding methods. Insect and weei
collections are being prepared foi
use at cranberry meetings.

New Service for Cape Growers

In order to increase the servici
to Barnstable County growers,
new experiment will be tried dur
ing June and July. Briefly thi
idea is to set up temporary fielc
quarters of the Cranberry Experi
ment Station at two different loca
tions in Barnstable County, witl
one or more staff members present
County Agent Bertram Tomlinson
who is making the arrangements
has referred to them as "Cranberr;
Clinics." Growers can come ti
these two locations and bring thei
specimens of insects, diseases, am j
weeds to be identified by Statioi
personnel and discuss any othe;
bog problem that they may have
The schedule arranged by "Bert'
Tomlinson is as follows:

Upper Cape Clinics at New Eng
land Cranberry Sales Compan>
Screen House at West Barnstable
Route 6 (tel. Barnstable 74-3)
Wednesdays, June 9, 23, July 7 and
21, from 9 a. m. to 12 noon.

Lower Cape Clinics at Nationa
Cranberry Association S c r e e r
House, North Harwich (near olc
No. Harwich R. R. Station), Wed-
nesdays, June 2, 16, 30, July 14 and
28. Tel. Harwich 158 from 9 a. m.
to 12 noon.

The afternoon will be devoted to
bog visits by prior arrangement,!
using the telephone number given,!
or by writing or phoning the Barn- j
stable County Extension Office, 86. i
It is sincerely hoped that growers
will use this service which should
save considerable time and travel
on the part of growers and Station i
personnel. It is entirely on a trial I
basis and will be discontinued if
the service is not used.

Save This

Magazine for

Future Reference

Four

'^

Issue of June. 1948 — Vol. 13. No. 2

FubHahed monthly at The Courier Print Shop. Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription $3 00 ner Tear
itered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham. Massachusetts, under the Act' of March 8, 18 7».

RESH FROM THE FIELDS

Compiled by C J. H.

[ASSACHUSETTS

Rainfall "Plenty"

Rainfall for the month of May
ust have hung up a record of
me sort, since it totalled, as re-
rded at the East Wareham Ex-
•riment Station 10.30 inches. In
e opinion of Dr. Franklin, this
s done no harm to the prospec-
re. ci'op, but probably would not
ve added to next year's pros-
cts.

uch Acreage Being Held Under
Many of the growers are hold-
g the water on parts of their
reage this year, to control in-
cts and weeds.

Frost Damage Slight
Frost damage for the month of
ay was slight, if any, and in
et is light for the whole season,
ith the excess of rain, there were
w frosts in May, except for the
St of the month.

Insects Appear Few

On June first the insect situation
i not appear serious, and. in fact
ere apeared to be fewer pests
an usual. Not much fireworm
is reported to the Experiment
ation, and while gypsy moths
5re present and there was con-
lerable "drifting", they were not
many bogs.

nSCONSIN

Little May Frost Damage

May brought many cold nights,
1 in all there being about 15
arnings going out for all cran-
rry areas of the state. In early
ay there wa.s one 10 degree re-
rted, and in the middle one 15.
lere was some frost damage, but
: the month's end "Del" Ham-
ond of Wiscosin Cranberry Sales

Company thought this had not been
too serious.

May Rainfall Deficient

Rainfall was deficient. As June
began, growers were worried lest
three or four frosts in a row would
find insufl!icient water supplies for
protection.

NEW JERSEY

Temperatures

Temperatures for May through
the 25th have average 3.3 degreese
below the normal daily mean of
63.7° at Pemberton. Frost warn-
ings were sent out on the nights
of April 22, 25, 28, and May 8, 19.
Frost injury on both crops is prob-
ably negligible because of gener-
ally hard condition of plants, abun-
dant water supplies, and due to the
fact that more acreage was held
under water until after mid-May
than has been for several years.
Precipitation

Rainfall was frequent and abun-
dant. The total for May was 8.09
inches; for April and May was
12.59.

Blueberry Crop

The bloom never looked better
early in May, and, indications were
for a bumper crop again this year.
As the month progressed, the pic-
ture changed, until as of the 25th
prospects are for probably some-
what less than 1947. Pollination
was aflFected by the cool, rainy wea-
ther so that the set on some varie-
ties, notably Pioneer, is very poor.
In addition, the cool, damp weather
was extremely favorable to the de-
velopment of a "mummy" berry in-
fection that is common in all fields
and quite serious in some. Winter
injury is also becoming more and
more apparent as the season pro-

gresses. It is too early to judge
how much the crop will be cut from
this injury.

Cranberry Work

There is considerable activity in
planting and. resanding. Just for
example, Joseph J. White, Inc., has
replanted 35 acres (partly in the
autumn) and resanded 40 acres;
Ethelbert Haines & Brother have
planted 75 acres of new ground to
Early Blacks and have resanded 80
acres of old bog; Theodore Budd.
has replanted 40 acres; and The
Birches Cranberry Company has
replanted six acres and sanded 24
acres. This is an indication of
what a considerable number of
New Jersey growers are d.oing.

It is anticipated that growers
will make several trials of Fermate
dusting from aircraft.

WASHINGTON

As May ended the weather was
still "slow", and few of the tips
were showing any pink, according
to D. J. Crowley. There was no
frost injury as to that time. Grow-
ers were hoping that some favor-
able weather would come to make
up for lost time.

The abnormal amount of rainy
weather handicapped several grow-
ers, who were planning to do a
considerable amount of planting
this year. Much of the work in
late May was still in the sanding
and scalping stage only.

Dr. J. Harold Clarke of Cran-
guyma Farm has been a recent
visitor in Washington, D. C.

Ralph Blair has sold out his cran-
berry interests to his brother, Wil-
son, and is returning to his former
home in Idaho.

Five

THE STORY OF A BIG RHODE

ISLAND BOG AND IT'S OWNER,
"BILL" WYETH OF WAREHAM, MASS.

By CLARENCE J. HALL

When the subject of old cranberry bogs is brought up, thought us-
ually is of Cape Cod or New Jersey. Yet there are many old cranberry
properties in other areas, particularly in the New England states, other
than Massachusetts. One such is the big bog at Greene, a village in the
town of Coventry, Rhode Island. As a matter of fact, this is the only bog
in "Little Rhody", regardless ox age, except for one other very small one.

The Greene bog, according to a „ ■ „ ,

" among farmers, especially apple

and potato growers.

"History of Greene and Vicinity",
written by Squire G. Wood (a brief
booklet, with foreword by Mittie
Arnold, privately published in
1936 on the tercentenary anni-
versary of the state) was started
in the late 1850s, which makes it
an old bog indeed. This is also
a truly big bog — 72 acres. It has
been owned by the Summit Cran-
berry Company since 1936 and un-
der this management has been giv-
en a new lease on life. The active
manager is William H. Wyeth,
now of Wareham, Massachusetts,
recently of Beverly, Massachusetts.
This company has also owned,
since August of 1946 the "Harriet
E. Sampson" bogs at Marshfield,
Massachusetts, these latter com-
prising 40 acres, which makes the
Summit Company an operator of
considerable size.

"Bill" Wyeth has recently come
a bit into the foreground in the
Massachusetts industry as one of
the prime movers in the proposal
to establish a "Cranberry Insti-
tute." He is chairman of the Pub-
lic Relations Committee of the Cape
Cod Cranberry Growers' Associa-
tion which sponsored the "mass"
meeting to hear a discussion of
agricultural institutes at Wareham
Town Hall, April 26th. Although
a relative newcomer to the cran-
berry industry, Mr. Wyeth has
been interested in cranberry grow-
ing since his boyhood days. Much
of his adult life was spent as field
representative for an insecticide
and manufacturing concern, the
Niagara Sprayer and Chemical
Company of Middleport, N. Y.
For years he traveled the New
England states, upper New York
state. Nova Scotia, and into New
Brunswick and Prince Edward Is-
land, and has hundreds of friend.s

Six

'Bill"

to

Wyeth's Transition
Cranberry Grower

With this background, his trans-
ition into that of cranberry grow-
er was not a hard jump, since he
had also been much interested in
and studied agricultural chemicals,
farming equipment and entomol-
ogy. He has always really been
at heart a farmer.

Let's take the personal story of
Wyeth, before going into that of
this nearly century-old Rhode Is-
land cranberry bog. "Bill" was
born in Magnolia, a village of
Gloucester town, famed fishing port
of Massachusetts' North Shore.
Yet even though coming from
"North of Boston", he had Cape
Cod cranberry antecedents. Inci-
dentally, and although this has
no bearing upon cranberries, an
ancestor was a signer of the Dec-
laration of Independence despite
the fact this forebear spelled his
name Wythe. His mother was a
Knowlton of Sagamore on Cape
Cod. As a very small boy he was
taken down to "Uncle John's" at
Sagamore, where he helped (or
possibly hindered) in the harvest-
ing of "Uncle John's" cranberry
crop in the fall.

He remembers riding atop loads
of cranberries, packed in barrels.
"Uncle John" had a farm wagon
painted blue, as did most Cape
Codders at the turn of the century.
There were two horses, one hitched
ahead of the other to draw the
blue wagon with its load of red
fruit. The reins, he recalled, were
made of rope. He never forgot
those early cranberry days in the
beautiful Cape fall weather.

In about 1912 his family bought
a farm in the town of Essex.

on Massachusetts' North Shoi
This was a truck and dairy fan
mostly truck. On this farm, as
lad, he learned farming the ha
way — by working at it. Growii
up, he decided he had had enouj
of farming and that he wanted
make something of life off t' '
farm. He got a job, for a brij
time, as fireman on a locomoti

of the Boston & Maine R. R. Th

didn't satisfy for long. He g;
back into the agricultural field, j
a way of speaking, by getting a j
with the Ames Plow Company
Boston. After six months
training he was sent out on t
road as salesman. He becai i
Ames specialty man on tracto]
He traveled throughout New En <
land during the period of Woi *
War 1. Later agricultural dusti;
began coming into practice a
the Niagara Company brought o
spraying and dusting equipmei
He went with the concern in 19;
He constantly travelled the nort
eastern part of the United Stat
and into eastern Canada. For
time he was New England manag
for Niagara.

In about 1935 he was ordered
the Cape to develop niarkets amoi
cranberry growers for the new
chemicals, including dusts. Th
brought him into contact with E
H. J. Franklin at the Cranber
Experiment Station, East Wareha
and with cranberry growers. Th
revived his latent interest in era
berry growing. He began to re
son something like this: "Cranbe
ries are the only crop which see
to offer the maximum of financi
security combined with the max
mum of a pleasant way of life
He determined to cast his lot fro
there out with the cranberry indtt
try, as a grower.

"I may sound crazy or insince
when I say this", he says todai
"but I honestly am much in loi
with cranberry growing. I a
just about as interested in grov
ing a crop of fine cranberries pur
ly for the satisfaction of th
achievement as I am in the final
cial return. Growing and harves
ing a crop of cranberries is to ir
a struggle well worth the battle

Wyeth an Outdoor Man

Wyeth, it may be noted her
like most cranberry growers, is 8

ioor man. He just naturally
3 the life of a cranberry grow-
)Ut in the open,
s previously stated, in 1936 he
lied a company with two oth-
of Beverly. After looking over
ous properties it was decided
3uy the one at Greene. This

done two days before hai'vest
1 in that year. The property

purchased from the Rhode
nd Cranberry Company, his
lediate predecessor in manage-
it being the late Horace Me-
lalin of Eilver Lake, Massachu-
s, recognized as one of the
;er cranberry operators.

The Greene Bog

ow for an abbreviated history
this big Rhode Island bog,
ch since its construction has
e through many changes in
lership. Of the village of
ene, the history before quoted
s, it makes up the extreme
iterly part of Coventry, and
re the village now stands there

"in 1854 but a little-used cart
h through what was then a
imp." Greene is two and a half
3s from the Connecticut State

and is in a beautiful, hilly
ion, the bog itself being at an
tude of several hundred feet
ve sea level. It is about 15
es from salt water at Narra-
isett Bay, and is westerly of
S. Route 1, which in Rhode Is-
i runs between the capitol city
Providence and the city of
sterly. Even today this region

bit more rural and primitively
■ged than its location, only 20
es from the big city of Provi-
ice, would suggest.

Site of Bog was Natural
Cranberry Swamp
"■he location of the bog was a
ural bed of wild cranberries.
Id cranberries were picked in

area quite widely each fall and
it to market in New York by
ling packet. The Greene site
s the largest and most produc-
e of these native meadows,
tting facts from the same his-
■y, the Greene bog was started
Abiel T. Sampson & Company,
■. Sampson then being a resi-
it of what was North Provi-
ice.

Work was started by digging a
ig ditch, east from what was

then known as Beaver Dam,
through the center of the natural
cranberry swamp. Cross ditches
were dug, sand was spread, and
cultivated vines imported. Neigh-
bors of the community, with horses
and farm wagons, assisted in the
work. Since in 1854 Greene was
principally only a cart path, it
must still have been a rather wild
area when a few years later the
building of the ambitious project
began. What brought Greene into
being as a village, and gave it a
name, was the building of a rail-
road in 1854 to connect Providence
with Hartford, Cann.

A stopping place was made at
what became Greene village, this
being chosen as one of the points
to take on a supply of wood fuel
for the locomotives. The region at
that time was heavily wooded and
lumbering in the hills was an im-
portant industry. This new sta-
tion was called "Greene" by the
railroad, in honor of General Na-
thaniel Greene of Revolutionary
War fame, a native of the area.
The first station master was Squire
Wood, author of the history.

In the early 60s a house was
built on the bog property. First
crops were not large, but Mr.
Sampson kept on enlarging until
"the bog became the biggest in
the state". (There wei'e other
cultivated bogs in Rhody in those

days). Through the sixties and
seventies the Greene bog was a
busy place, particulai'ly at harvest
time, giving employment to men,
women and children, who got a
little ready cash for the coming
winter. During Mr. Sampson's
ownership of perhaps nearly 30
years, picking was all by hand
except in the emergency of frost,
when he would permit raking, pre-
sumably with the old-fashioned
cranberry rake which would have
been available at that time.
Several Hundred Employed
in Harvest

It was said several hundred peo-
ple were engaged at the bog in
harvest from 7 a. m. to 5 p. m.,
with a few minutes off for lunch.
Two bushel baskets were furnisehd
each picker, with his name fas-
tened to the baskets with a tag.
At the end of each day the berries
were carried to the cranberry
house, measured, and credit given
in a book. Two cents a quart was
paid. A bushel or a bushel and a
half was the usual day's woi'k,
although some were able to pick
two bushels, and more.

In 1867 a new cranberry house
was built, 100x40, with two stories
and a basement. A number of
years ago this so-called "cran-
berry" or screenhouse was burned
and a new one built on the same
location. This is the screenhouse

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY

WISCONSIN RAPIDS, WIS.

Cranberry Consultant on any

Cranberry Problem,
either Scientific or Practical.

Laying out New Marshes a Specialty.

Complete Marsh Management

and Supervision by year

can be arranged if desired.

B. .S - M. S.

University of Wisconsin

Sevep

which Mr. Wyeth uses today.

Following the death of Mr.
Sampson, the bog was owned by
a succession of operators. One of
these was one Elisha McCrillis,
who ploughed up the best part of
the bog, putting it into grass.
This not proving successful, the
bog lay idle for several years. A
new firm from Boston took over,
with an experienced bog manager,
John M. Burke, and new dams
were built, vines were set, more
ditches and other improvements
made. Following Mr. Burke, the
manager was Frank Gorsline, who
operated it for several years, and
then for nearly 35 years it was
in charge of Thomas Gaul.

Bog "Run Down" When Wyeth
Took Over

■After all these vicissitudes of
different ownership and changes,
when Mr. Wyeth's company took
title, he found the bog in a con-
siderable state of poor condition.
In some sections, he said, grass
was as high as in a hay field.

He had a hard job of renovation
ahead, and is accomplishing this
by doing a section thoroughly and
then proceeding to work on an-
other. A major turning point in
his program, he says, came in
1941 when he flowed for a year
for root grub. He reduced a large
portion of this pest and also killed
off a lot of grass and weeds.
"We've been growing a few real
crops since then", he declares.
With parts of the bog still to be
renovated, the 72 acres have pro-
duced a top crop of 3,000 barrels,
which is not bad under the circum-
stances, but Wyeth is by no means
.yet satisfied with his production
record.

When he took over, the bog was
set to about 1!> per cent Howes
and the rest Early Blacks, but he
is tearing out much of this Black
acreage which is not in good pro-
duction, and replanting with
Howes. He now has about 90 per
cent Howes. This theory of more
Howes than Blacks is rather con-
trary-wise to the present Massa-
chusetts' trend.

Wyeth, however, likes this Rhode
Island property for Howe produc-
tion. He says the Howes grown
at Greene are almost always fine,
la.pc berries, excellent in color.

Eight

He feels this is definitely the va-
riety which does the best there.
Bog Almost All in One Big Piece

The Greene bog is all in one
piece, roughly oval in shape, di-
vided into sections by cross dikes,
of course, with the exception of
one two-acre plot off by itself.
It is all gravity-flowed except for
an 8-acre section. There are three
reservoirs, "Little Grass", "Wick-
ford" and "Main". These are fed by
brooks and springs, and a good
deal of this head of water is nor-
mally 7 feet deep, giving a pretty
good water supply — although not
so bountiful that it can be used
wastefully. This is true partic-
ularly in such a frosty spring as
prevailed this year.

Despite the altitude of the bog,
which is reached after a steady
climb of several miles along a
sharply winding road, he does not
consider the bog as a cold or
frosty one. As a matter of fact,
he has kept temperature records
and found that last fall and this
past spring Greene was consist-
ently higher than many bogs in
Southeastern Massachusetts. How-
ever, when there is a frost, he
admits, at times it can be a "good
one." He considers the growing
season a shorter one than in the
Cape area and thinks this may
be due to the elevation of the bog
or to the bottom, which is heavy
muck. He has found out by ex-
perience that he cannot hold late
water and still get a crop to ma-
ture.

Two Disasters Changed Temper-
atures

He believes that the frost con-
dition has been improved since he
took over. This was by means of
two disasters over which he had
no control, and were means which
he certainly would not have
planned. The first was the great
New England hurricane of Sep-
tember, 1938, which leveled oft'
much of the beautiful timber
standing on the hills surrounding
the bog. Incidentally, the total
acreage of the property is 700,
and at least 50 more acres of bog
could be built. The property when
he took over was "pretty as a pic-
ture," with its heavy white pine
and oak coverage. After the blow

of the '38 storm he salvaged 7,
000 board feet of pine — but
would rather have the pine
standing.

The second disaster, and the
which caused the greater dam:
to his woods and to the beauty
the property, was a terrific for
fire, which occurred the follow
year. This fire swept a dista;
of 18 miles with a 5 mile front i
completely burned over his ■
land. His foreman of that tii
Ralph Theroux, and others
work on the property, saved
bog by putting on a flood. Tl
managed also to save the scre^
house, foreman's house, a cotta
and a pile of cut timber, but
were on fire at one time and !
other. Mr. Wyeth was away
the time. He considers that wi
this denuded upland, frost temp
atures are not as low as tl-
were.

Mr. Wyeth's present foreman
John C. Harju, Jr., whom he i
ported from Wareham, as an .
perienced bog man. Mr. Ha:
with his wife, lives in an old far
house on the property which da
from well back into the past c(
tury. This farmhouse, the scree
house and cottage which Mr. W
eth makes his personal headqui
ters, comprise the buildings on t
property, except for a small pum
house. Both the foreman's hou
and the cottage have hot and cc
running water, baths, electricit
and telephone.

Usually four or five men aiU
foreman are employed the ye; J
around. His crew of the paJ
spring has averaged 10. It I
from this nucleus that he forn
his harvesting crew in the fa
mostly from neighboring resident
He maintains a fleet of seven V'
hides on the property. Tl
screenhouse is ample to store su:
ficient harvest boxes for 4,000 ba;
rels. There are but two sepai
ators, both Baileys, but by woriH
ing into the night, when necessar;
he can get his crop off to marke
satisfactorily. He ships mostl
by rail from the Greene statioii
In the screenhouse he has a gravji
ity flow system, by which berrie
are poured into a hopper on th
ground floor and then go to th'
mills in the basement.

Wyeth Is an Independent

Mr. Wyeth, in marketing, is an
independent; that is, he ships
through the Beaton Distributing
Agency at Wareham. He is em-
phatic that he does not believe in
any one man or group of men con-
trolling the entire cranberry in-
dustry. He is no enemy of the co-
ops, but he believes that compe-
tition, "good, clean commpetition
is the life of any industry."

In coming down to Southeastern
Massachusetts from the North
Shore to make his permanent home
\t Wareham, Wyeth was influenced
Dy three things. First, he had
2;ood friends in Wareham and vi-
:inity and Wareham is the scien-
:ific center of the Massachusetts
industry. Secondly, it offers a
jase of operations from which he
;an reach his Marshfield bogs, a
distance of about 35 miles, in
ibout an hour, and the Rhode Is-
and bog, 72 miles, in a couple of
lOurs, more or less. With a fore-
nan at each bog to handle im-
nediate and detailed problems, he
^eels he can supervise both prop-
erties satisfactorily.

In his bog management he main-
ains about 100 bird houses to
lelp in insect control, and he is
irmly convinced that honey bees
lelp out in pollination. He re-
gards these as "insurance" and
■ach year hires 40 or so colonies
'or the Greene bog and 25 for
Vlarshfield.

As an outdoor man, Wyeth's
lobby is fishing. In May he made
lis 16th annual trip to Maine for
and-locked salmon. He maintains

16-foot outboard skiff at Ware-
lam for salt water fishing.

How the Name of "Summit
Company Came About

How Wyeth came to hit upon
he name of "Summit Cranberry
"ompany" is a rather interesting
■tory. The bog is not named af-
er the village of Summit, a few
niles away, as many think. It
■eems that he and "Joe" Kelley
vere going over to the bog early
ine morning shortly after he had
lought it. There was heavy morn-
ng fog in the hills of the region
ind Wyeth, being fairly new to the
oads, got himself completely lost.
Suddenly he noticed the name
'Summit" on a sign post and knew

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where he was. Then the sun burst
out through the mists and there
was the bog area before him.

He said, "I'm going to call our
company the 'Summit Cranberry
Company', and I'm going to call
it that because I have reached a
summit in my career by becoming
a cranberry grower."

Even though "Bill" Wyeth
reached a 'summit', he does not yet
feel he has reached the ultimate
peak, and that higher summits lie
ahead which he will not have at-
tained until he has this big Rhode
Island bog in first-class shape and
bearing to his satisfaction.

CONTRACT FOR NEW
WASHINGTON CRANBERRY
STATION IS LET

about October.

President Compton, with a party
of College and State officials, visit-
ed the Long Beach Station in mid-
May. A dinner was held, with Mr.
Crowley, Mrs. Crowley and several
cranberry growers being present.
These included: Mr. and Mrs. Leon-
ard Morris, Mr. and Mrs. Frank
Glenn, Mr. and. Mrs. Robert Ost-
gard, Mr. and Mrs. R. A. Wearne,
Al Sundburg and also County
Agent Nolan Servoss.

LONG BEACH, WASHINGTON,
CRANBERRY CLUB

D. J. Crowley, director of the
Cranberry-Blueberry Laboratory,
Long Beach, Washington, has been
informed by the oflice of President
Wilson Compton of the Washington
State College that a contract has
been let out for an office and lab-
oratory building at the Long Beach
Station. This replaces a structure
now there.

The new building will be con-
structed of tile and will be modern
in every respect, including a cen-
tral heating plant. Construction
will start within the next few
weeks, and the building will prob-
ably be fe^dy for pccupancy by

The May meeting of the Long
Beach Peninsula Cranberry Club
was held on Friday evening. May
14, in the N. C. A. building. Al
Sundberg presided over the short
business meeting and had the re-
vised. By-Laws read.

D. J. Crowley of the Cranberry-
Blueberry Experiment Station gave
an instructive talk on frost and
weed control on the cranberry bogs.

Leonard Morris and Robert Ost-
gard told of their trip to Bandon,
Oregon, where they attended a
cranberry marketing meeting and
visited cranberry bogs.

Dr. J. H. Clarke of Cranguyma
Farm told the growers of the cran-
berry planting machine which had
been brought to Cranguyma for a
trial.

Nip»

(^ditMals

ISSUE OF JUNE, 1948
Vol. 13 No, 2

O Z^'''^'"^''^'^'^^

THE INDUSTRY WILL CONTINUE

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM. MASSACHUSETTS

OF one thing cranberry growers may be
certain, as has often been mentioned
before. This is the vagary of the weather.
Practically the entire month of May
brought a deluge of rain to the Masachu-
isetts cranberry area, the 10.30 inches, as
reported in the "Fresh from the Field"
section. There was also rain and a late
season in Oregon and Washington. Wis-
consin wanted more rain than it got.

As unsettled as the weather, continues
the marketing end of the industry. An at-
tempt was made, and as this issue closed
is being continued, to set up a cranberry
institute. There seems to be a sincere feel-
ing on the part of many that there can be
more cooperation toward a better alloca-
tion of the crop between fresh and pro-
cessed fruit, that the growers may receive
a fair return for their investment and labor
and the consumer be able to buy cranber-
ries, in either form preferred, at a price in
line with other products.

In a way, it might be said the industry
is reflecting the uncertainties of conditions
the world over. The "cold war" continues.
Palestine is a troubled spot. In this coun-
try there are strikes and threats of strikes.
Who will be elected to the Presidential
chair in November?

However, to get back into our
realm — there is, we believe, another
tainty besides that of the vagary of
weather. That is, that cranberries
continue to be grown and that a proportion
of the people will continue to eat them be-
cause they like cranberries.

WE would like to call attention to the
article in this issue upon the bog at
Greene, Rhode Island. It is surprising in
how many places the cultivation of the
fruit began many years ago. The industry
was making progress in many areas nearly
a century ago. This possibly is another
indication that it will continue to endure.

THE cranberry growers of Washington
may be congratulated upon the fact
they are to have new buildings at the
Cranberry-Blueberry Laboratory at Long
Beach. This is a need which has been felt
for several years, as the "tending" of the
cranberry vine revived from the doldrums

own
cer-
the
will

Subscription $3.Q0 per year
Advertising rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS
Wisconsin

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington— Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY

Cranberry Specialist

Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK

Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station

East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,
New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station
Pemberton, New Jersey '

where it fell not many years back. In thisi
respect our special congratulations go to;
the director of the station, D. J. Crowley, j
who will have these improved facilities f or j
carrying on his work.

AIRCRAFT of various kind have now i
become practically a commonplace !
over cranberry bogs in insect control. A !
'copter buzzes around, a bi-plane or a Cub i
swoops low, and it seems an accepted pro- i
cedure. Growers watch with professional
interest to see how good a job is being
done. It is a good "show" these daring j
pilots put on, but such an exciting proced- i
ure is now practically taken for granted !
in cranberry growing, as in many other i
agricultural pursuits. This is the season i
when the "ships" are at work — in Massa- j
chusetts. New Jersey, and this year for the ]
first time the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales i
Company has a 'copter in the field. Trac- I
tors, bulldozers, are "every-day". It's a j
marvelous age we are living in — at least, i
mechanically speaking, ,

Pictorial
Section

Above — A part of the sand pit
at Greene, R. I.. boE". This has
all been excavated within the
past year.

Left — Foreman at Greene, John
C. Harju, Jr.

Next page — View of Foreman's
home and screenhouse. Sanding
scene. (CRANBERRIES Photoa)

Eleven

•' "WfJks-mimii

-■^m>f">^

ISS LAMBERT, left; MISS BECHER, right.

(Photo Courtesy ACE)

'wo Long-Time
Employees of N, J.
lo-op Retire

By RALPH B. CLAYBERGER

Back in 1907, the Growers Cran-
'rry Company of New Jersey
aintained its office in Philadel-
lia. Joseph J. White was presi-
8nt. He advertised for a young-
dy for office work. Fresh from
•aduating from Temple univer-
ty, where she had majored in
isiness, Miss E. C. Becher ap-
ied, and was employed on a tem-
)rary basis. Mr. White was soon
mvinced of her ability and pro-
fessiveness, and the temporary
isis became a permanent one and
iss Becher steadily advanced until
le became secretary and treasurer
' the Company.

On her advancement to this po-
tion in 1915, she brought to the
ompany her close friend, Miss M.
. Lambert, who took over the
uties formerly performed by Miss
echer, as book-keeper. Both
orked harmoniously as a team
ith but one aim — to make the
rowers Cranberry Company the
trong, successful Cooperative that
; is today. It is doubtful if there
i a cranberry grower in the state

of New Jersey who is not acquaint-
ed with Miss Becher and Miss
Lambert, who have served the
growers faithfully and impartially
over all these years. In giving his
repoit at the Annual meeting last
month, the auditor said: "The books
are in unusually fine condition and
are beautifully kept. You are to
be complimented on the excellence
of your office force. I wish to ex-
press my appreciation of the whole-
hearted cooperation extended to
me by them in the course of my
examination."

In the survey made by Booz, Al-
len & Hamilton in 194.5, they re-
ported: "The office force consists of
Miss E. C. Becher and Miss M. C.
Lambert. They handle both man-
agement and office functions. Ex-
cellent records are kept with re-
gard to gi-ower accounts. The ac-
counting system is simple and di-
rect and the records are kept in
excellent condition."

In its 54 years the Growers
Cranberry Company has had but
three presidents, Joseph J. White,
Franklin S. Chambers, and Theo-
dore H. Budd, Sr. Miss Becher and
Miss Lambert served under them
all, and with distinction. They re-
tired on May 1, much to the regret
of all. Their retirement will be a
source of sadness to all who have
known them.

NECSCO AGAIN TO
GIVE 'COPTER SERVICE

New England Cranberry Sales
Company is again to provide heli-
copter service for its members.
The Company has been .advised by
Wiggins Airways, which supplies
the machine, that a complete reno-
vation has been made with new
dusting- equipment. It is anticipat-
ed this should eliminate many of
the difficulties which were encoun-
tered in 1947.

The program will be operated
from the Tremont packing house,
that is, the schedule program.

Attention
Bog Owners

Why Not Subscribe
to

CRANBERRIES
Magazine

for your Foreman?

It would be a Good
Business Investment

Thirteen

•FREDDY" BRAUN

(CRANHERRIES Photo 1

STRAICHT-WINC INSECT CONTROL
IN MASSACHUSETTS IN MAY

More than 2,000 Acres Done
by Firefly, Inc.. New Co.
Whose Pilot, "Freddy"
Braun, Makes Flying His
"Life".

Considerable air insect control
was practiced in Massachusetts
during May, chiefly by Firefly,
Inc., which operates out of the
Cape & Islands Airways at Ware-
ham. The new corporation was or-
ganized by the J. J. Beaton and
Makepeace interests to work on
their own properties, but with the
idea of providing assistance to
others when possible.

The president of Firefly, Inc. is
G. T. Beaton, treasurer, Maurice
Makepeace, directors Russell Make-
peace, Frank Butler and "Mel" C.
Beaton. The general manager and
pilot is "Freddy" Braun, lecog-
nized as a skilled agricultural
dusting and spraying operator.
Formerly connected with Brockton
Airport, he has been employed in
cranberry work by Makepeace for
the past two or three years.

Braun was born at Pearl River,
near Niantic, N. Y. He learned to
fly at White Plains, N. Y. During
the war he was civilian instructor,
teaching Navy pilots at the 'Uni-

versity of Virginia and on Cape
Cod. He has done agricultural
dsting sinucg the war in Missis-
sippi, New Jersey and Florida.

The corporation owns a war sur-
plus Stearman and two Piper Cubs.
The Stearman is equippe 1 for
spraying, and during May covere t
about 2,000 acres with DDT dust
;iround the shores of bogs. As
June came in he was operating a
Cub, still using DDT, except it was
in dust form, and had covered
about 250 acres. Of flying he
says "It is my life".

An Attorney's
Talk Before
Mass. Growers

Editor's Note — The following, ^vhich
chieflv concerns water rights, was held
over from previous issues, but is suffic-
iently interesting for printing at this late
date).

Water rights for Massachusetts
cranberry growers in the use of
running streams are based on old
mill laws, which were deliberately
made very favorable to the mill
operators, Fletcher Clark, Jr., of
Middleboro, Mass., told the March
4th session of the Plymouth Coun-
ty Cranberry School. The so-
called mill act, he said, was passed
by the legislature February 27,
1796, and a cranberry act "tacked
on" to it in 1866 which gave cran-
berry bog owners substantially the
same privileges as concerned run-
ning streams that the mill owners
formerly had.

The mill rights were made so
favorable to the mill men, he ex-
plained, because it was regarded
that the mills in Massachusetts
and New England, generally, were
of great importance in the up-
building of the communities. The
laws gave all the "breaks" to the
owners, with typically Yankee
foresight, and mills on running
streams played a major part in
building up New England. Mill
owners were given rights in flow-
ing adjacent territory, even though
owned by others, quite like emi-
nent domain.

He countered this, however, by
saying that many cranberry bog
water rights were in a "twilight
zone", and cranberry growers had
no right to abuse the rights of
others, even though they did en-

Fourtmn

y the special privileges which
id been accorded the important
ill owners of earlier times.
The first mill act that I can
id", he told the class, "was that
issed at the General Court at
ymouth held on the 4th and 5th

October 1636, which provided
at 'John Jenney shall have the
)erty to erect a mill for grinding
id beating corn upon the brook

Plymouth to be to him and his
!irs forever.'
"When Plymouth became part

the Massachusetts Bay Colony

of course, was covered by th
Colonial legislature. The act
issed in 1796 contained this in-
resting preamble: 'Whereas the
ection and support of mills to
icommodate the inhabitants of
e several parts of the state
ight not to be discourged by any
mbts and disputes, some special
•ovisions are found relative to
nving adjacent lands and mills
;ld by several proprietors'. This
■eamble was followed by provis-
ns of law that the owner may
lise and contain sufficient water
ir a head to run their mills and
lat a jury would fi.x the damages
iffered.

"Frequently after that the mill
:ts were amended, each giving
le proprietors of the mills more
eedom in the flowing of lands
jove the mill, and keeping the
aim for damage for such flowage
5wn to a minimum, the purpose
ways being to encourage the
ailding and maintenance of mills
;ilizing all the available water
3wer.

"The mill acts were often
mght over in the courts as being
iconstitutional and cases were
rought after the Federal consti-
ition was established with its bill
• rights in an effort to show that
all owners were taking property
itohut due process of law, but in
11 cases the mill acts have been
astained."

He said that every riparian
wner has the right to "enjoy"
nd use the water as it passes
irough his property, but the
;ream must be as substantially as
ig when it leaves his property as
■hen it entered and that he may
nly use the water in a "reason-
ble" way. He said an owner may

only hold water for what may be
a "reasonable" time as determined
by the situation. The course of a
stream must not be changed. Any
dam must be erected on the prop-
erty of the owner. Mill laws pro-
vided that only a mill of suitable
magnitude adapted to the size and
capacity of the stream could be
erected, and this applied to cran-
berry bogs also. All property
owners with a stream running
through have equal rights in the
waters of the stream, whether they
are above or below a point at
which the stream has been
dammed.

The rights for other water sup-
plies than running streams are
entirely different, and in the use
of surface water an owner had no
right to cause it to overflow upon
his neighbor, as surface water is
not a running stream and so does
not have the mill right privileges.
For the use of water from "great
ponds", a grower must get per-
mission from the Department of
Public Works.

In general, he said that while
cranberry growers enjoyed the
very special privileges of the mill
owners, every case in which there
was a conflict of interest had to
be judged on its own merits, and
these are as varied as can be. He

said there were very few suits
under the cranberry acts, but such
suits were "tricky" in character."
The statute under which cran-
berry growers had the right to
build a dam astride a stream run-
ning through their properties and
impound the water for flowage and
irrigation purposes was unusual,
and the right must be used only
in a "reasonable" way so as not
to damage the inherent rights of
others.

Frederick V.Lawrence, Inc.

offers
CRANBERRY GROWERS
its services, backed by a
complete line of construc-
tion equipment for build-
ing or repairing of bogs,
flumes, pump wells.

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WITHOUT OBLIGATION

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subject to prior sale.

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Central Cranberry Co.

Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Fifteen

Mr. Clark, who occupied the en-
tire session, divided his talk into
three parts: land titles; ownership
of property, individual, partner-
ship or corporation, and the final
section on water rights. He spoke
of the fundamentals of Massachu-
setts laws which were based on the
ancient English interpretations.
Usually he said, he did not rec-
ommend genei'al partnerships for
cranberry ownership, although
many had been very successful.
He told of the risks involved, as
the acts of one partner binds all
the others, and in case of suit
everything- the individual owned —
as in individual ownership — was
at stake. In the case of a corpor-
ation he stressed the fact of high
state and particularly federal in-
come taxes, which often cut down
profits tremendously "as so many
of you growers know." He said
there were advantages and disad-
vantages to all three types of own-
ership. He gave several sugges-
tions; one was not to endorse any-
body's note, another was for the
wife to own the home and the hus-
band the business, a third was on
January first of each year to "set
down in a notebook an exact esti-
mate of what a grower owned", as
this would be very helpful in set-
tling an estate. He said even an
imperfect will was better than no
will.

In ending his lecture, he said,
although he believed he was basic-
ally right in his conclusions, he

offered them in "all humbleness",
as there are so many different
variations of circumstances in
each individual situation.

Extended question periods after
each phase of his discussion show-
ed the interest of the school.
Cranberry Specialist "Dick" Beat-
tie presided.

Discussion of
Water Supplies
On Cape Cod

Editor's Note — TWs is another article
which has been held over from previous
issues.)

Paul F. Howard, engineer of the
Boston firm of Whitman & How-
ard, at the Cotuit meeting of the
Upper Cape Cod Cranberry Club,
March 8th, gave an extremely in-
teresting discussion of the forma-
tion of Cape Cod and likely water
sources and the driving and con-
struction of wells for sprinkler
irrigation. The Cape is almost
unique geologically in its forma-
tion, he said, and water underlies
the whole area, although in certain
parts water would be difficult to
get in adequate quantities.

Mr. Howard, who has done much
work on the Cape, and is familiar
with most of the area, had a vast
knowledge of the structure and
soils of the peninsula. He said the
Cape can not be defined by lines
that are man-made, such as Barn-
stable County boundary or the
Cape Cod Canal.

25,000 Years Ago

Twenty-five thousand years ago,
Eastern Massachusetts, ledge, flats,
etc., ended at a point about at the
Hotel Pilgrim in Plymouth to a line
drawn to the former Squirrel's
Nest Inn at East Wareham. There
was no more land to the eastward.
Then came three glaciers, the
"Great South Channel", which was
at Truro and Chatham and out to
Georges Bank. The earth con-
tained in this originated in East-
ern Maine, and marks high on Mt.
Katahdin and Cadillac clearly indi-
cated how thick or high the glacier
had been. Then came the "Cape
Cod Glacier", which was from Or-
leans to and including Barnstable
and eastern Sandwich. The earth
of this glacier was scooped up
from Kittery and York counties in
Maine. This is proven by Maine
pollen still to be found. The clay
of these counties is the same as
that of Brewster and Dennis.
Third there came the "Buzzards
Bay Glacier", which covered
Bourne and Falmouth. Province-
town itself was not glacial made,
but came from sands washed and
blown in from dunes.

These three glaciers formed
three "backbones" of the Cape:
1) Truro to Chatham, where two
glaciers met; 2) Orleans to Sand-
wich the face of a glacier, and 3)
through the "Plymouth woods" in-
to Bourne and Falmouth and Woods
Hole, this lay between two glaciers,
also.

Urgent for Spring

MYERS SPRAYERS— 200 gallon tanks.

DUSTERS — Power Driven, three sizes.

To supplement the Plane and Helicopter.

PUMPS — 7 in. to 20 in. Summer installation is the best.

ENGINES — Briggs & Stratton, 2-5 HP.
Wisconsin, 6 HP
Minneapolis — Moline, 20-50 HP

SCOOPS and SNAP MACHINES now available.

HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO.

E. C. St. Jacques

WAREHAM 497-W

Sixteen

Glaciers Formed "Runs"

Tains and streams were formed
as the glaciers melted, and the
melting- ice front deposited soil
materials. The elevation of the sea
then was about 40 to 50 feet low-
er. Cape town water sources to-
day are located in these runs or
gullies, and here the soil material
is "sorted", and these are the best
sources for well water. The lakes
and ponds were formed when bur-
ied ice melted and made the de-
pressions or "pot holes." It is in
some of these pot holes which
were later filled with peat, that the
growers have their bogs. Areas
of some of these depressions, es-
pecially along the edges, may be
fair water sources. Ponds in gen-
eral are not "sorted" material and
especially along the backbone, and
these areas are not good locations
in which to seek water. The soil
material to be looked for is coarse
sand, such as that in dunes, he
said. Wells could go down 40 or
50 feet, below present sea level.
Wells Would Replenish
He said he understood 100 gal-
lons a minute was necessary for

one acre for frost irrigation, and
to irrigate a 5 acre section should
not be much of a problem and that
probably 10 wasn't too much of a
one. A single well which supplied
only 10 gallons a minute is poor,
one which supplies 20 fair, 40
good, and 80 or better, excellent.
He said with a five hour irrigation
for frost, growers need not worry
about replenishment of the well
for the following night.

Technical Discussion

He then technically discussed
the procedures for testing to locate
a well water supply, and said he
preferred the "open-end" method,
using 2V2 inch pipe, preferably of
wrought iron, with couplings of
malleable iron, not cast iron.
Driving can be by any method,
usually with an engine and "nigger
head" drum. He told how to "wash"
the material so the soil could be
sampled. One of the surest signs
of water, he said, was when this
wash water runs away into the
proposed well.

The "static" level should be
within 10 feet of the surface and

depth of water in the well should
be 20 feet. The preliminary test-
ing should determine the maximum
capacity, and this should be at
least 10 gallons per minute, which
was not really very satisfactory.
He said the grower should drive
enough wells so as to finally pump
at the rate of 500 gallons a min-
ute. He told how wells should be
connected at the top, and that
"dresser" couplings should be used.
Pipe could be from 2% inches for
40 g. p. m. up to 8 inches for 500
to 1,000 g. p. m.

The pump should be of the self-
priming type and speed not more
than 1800 g. p. m. He said the
wells would have to be given main-
tenance, as there will be a ten-
dency to clog, and this can be done
by washing, or flushing back.

A companion talk by Henry N.
Halberg, engineer in charge,
United States Department of the
Interior, Geological Survey, Bos-
ton, Mass., given at the March
meeting of the Lower Cape Club,
will be published in part next
month.

giant irrigator
high pressure

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1121 Washington
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Seventeen

Latest Annual
Report of Dr.
H. J. Franklin

THE CRANBERRY STATION

East Wareham, Massachusetts

H. J. Franklin in Charge

Administration. Pursuant to
providing acts of the legislature,
considerable office changes were
made in the main building- of the
station to accommodate increased
personnel, an oil-burning plant
was installed in the basement for
heating the laboratory and offices,
much new laboratory equipment
was added, and a new full-time
clerk was employed. These pro-
visions should greatly increase the
efficiency of the station and make
it possible to finish in reasonable
time some important lines of work
that have long been in process.

General. An unusual combina-
tion of circumstances produced a
large crop of cranberries in Massa-
chusetts and the country as a
whole in 1946, and there was a re-
markable market demand for the
fruit at record high prices. The
state bog crop was the largest
since that of 1923 and is returning
nearly 32,000 dollars to the State
Treasury.

Notable features of the 194G
cranberry season in Massachusetts
were a very unseasonable frost on
July 16-17 which destroyed over
1200 barrels of berries, mostly in
Holliston, Plymouth, Waquoit, Sa -
tuit, Wakeby, and Brewster; and
excessive rain in August (12.61
inches at East Wareham) that
caused bogs to be flooded to such
an extent that, as estimated, 15,-
000 barrels of berries were ruined.
The berries of the Massachusetts
crop proved to have very good
keeping quality in spite of this
rain.

Injurious and Beneficial Insects
Affecting the Cranberry. (H. J.
Franklin.) Bulletin 239 was re-

TILLER MT/rv

# Full horsepower motor

m SUndard two soeeds—
forward mnd reverse.

9 Positive ection. multi-
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A Full sliecf ?^«^ electric
alloy steel tines.

ARIENS COMPANY • BRILLI0N.WI5.

vised and amplified and presented
for republication.

DDT. Investigations made in
1946 indicated that this insecticide
is effective against the cranberry
tipworm and the cranberry weevil,
and it was advocated as a control
for these insects as well as for the
gypsy moth and the black-headed
fireworm in the 1947 Cranberry
Insect and Disease Control Chai-t.

Chlordane (C10H6C18) used botj|
as a dust and in a spray was no
nearly so effective as DDT as i
control for gypsy moth caterpillari
and blunt-nosed leaf hoppers (Oph
iola).

Helicopters. Obsei'vations o:
these machines in commercial oper
ations against cranberry pests ii
the spring and early summer o:
1947 lead to the conclusion tha

Set for Hail?

It costs considerable money to raise a cranberry
crop and you can lose that investment the minute Hail
strikes — unless you have hail insurance.

Last year I brought the Hartford Fire Insurance
Co. Representatives to Massachusetts to make a sur-
vey in order to secure adequate coverage for your
bogs against Hail Storm Damage.

This is now a reality. I should like to talk over
the Hail problem with you.

CHESTER W. ROBBINS

Tel. Wareham 65

ONSET, MASS.

E. W. Goodhue Lymber Co.

mm TYPE of Lumber
for the CRANBERRY GROWER

Cedar, Spruce and Wolmanized Treated Fir

Quotations cheerfully given on all
Building Materials

Middleboro 1123

Telephone
No. Rochester 75 - New Bedford 2-5076

Eighteen

'i

ley are likely to soon come into
?nei-al use on Massachusetts bogs.
Prevalence of Cranberry Insects
the Season of 1946:

1. Gypsy moth infestation
oderate in Plymouth County and
land; very light in Barnstable
ounty.

2. Leaf hoppers (Ophiola) not
;ry abundant.

3. Fruitworm infestation very
;ght, rather lighter than in 1945.

4. Black-headed fireworm not
3ry troublesome.

5. Very few fire beetles (Cryp-
ocephalus) found.

6. Spotted fireworms (Caco-
jia) very few.

7. Spanworms, both green and
rown, about as usual.

8. False arniyworm infestation
bout normal.

9. Ci-anberr.v gii'dler (Cram-
us) still much more troublesome
lan before the war, owing to ne-
lect of bog resanding.

10. Spittle insect about as us-
el.

11. Tipworm apparently very
luch more prevalent generally
han usual. Probably partly as

result of this, the average ter-
linal budding of the vines for the
947 crop on the bogs in this State
.'as the poorest observed by the
.Titer in his forty years of cran-
erry experience.

12. Bumblebees and honeybees
/ere unusually abundant on the
ogs everywhere throughout the
ranberry flowering. A very re-
larkable and possibly very in-
tructive incident relative to bee
bundance was observed. The
vfinter flowage was removed from
. bog of two and a half acres in
Cast Carver on June 20. This bog
eached full bloom about August 8.
Jumblebee workers and males came
o this bog in astonishing numbers
vhenever the weather was fair
hroughout the blooming. It was
■stimated that a third of a million
)f these bees were there much of
;he time. Watching- them at work,
IS they rose from the cranberry
.'ines and went back to them here
ind then there, gave one the
itrange feeling that he was look-
ng out on a bumblebee sea. Hon-
-■ybees seemed to be entirely ab-
sent. The fruit, about 180 barrels
jf Early Black berries of fair size

and color, was gathered from this
bog early in October.

Frost Forecasts. These are con-
tinued as a special service, with the
1947 charges for the telephone ser-
vice increased materially over those
of previous years to meet the lar-
ger costs caused partly by improve-
ments. About 7200 acres of bog in
the hands of 204 subscribers are
covered by the telephone warnings,
this being about three-fourth of the
entire Massachusetts cranberry
acreage with fair to full flowage
protection. The accessory warning
service by radio is co-operating as
heretofore with the United States

Weather Bureau ofiice at Logan
Airport, the warnings being given
mainly through station WEEI at
Boston.

Control of Cranberry Bog Weeds.
(C. E. Cross). A large number of
experiments have been set out on
the State bog and other bogs since
May 1, 1946, the results of which
have not been previously reported.
1. In the belief that one of the
greatest weed problems faced by
cranberry growers is that of con-
trolling grasses and sedges which
begin their season's growth after
the cranberry vines have started,
many tests were made in July and

1

Protects Cranguyma!

PHOTO COURTESY OF

Protection\^from
Frost and Drought
at Cranguyma Forms,

poSIandTregot^ournaT, '■°"9 ^«°'^^' ^°'*'-

Spreading out in an impressive acreage in the great North-
west, Cranguyma Farms at Long Beach, Washington, represents
an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand-
ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000
Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall
whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica-
tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinklers. The distrib-
utor or dealer listed below will be pleased to furnish additional
information uf)on request.

PACIFIC COAST DISTRIBUTORS

R. M, W.A^DE and CO. ARMCO DRAINAGE & STOUT IRRIGATION INC.
Portland. Oregon METAL, PRODUCTS CO. Portland, Oregon

Portland, Oregon

EAST & MIDWEST DISTRIBUTORS

U R. NBI^SON MFG. CO.
Peoria, Illinois

MASSACHUSETTS DEALERS

JOSEPH BRECK & SONS IRRIGATION DIVISION VEGACRE FARM
85 State St., Boston, Mass. Forestdale (Cape Cod), Mass.

RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CORP.

GLENDORA

CALIFORNIA

Nineteen

August, 1946, with kerosene oils,
Stoddard solvent, insecticide base
oils, and a large number of strictly
experimental oils known only by
numerical designation. None of
these oils has, as yet, proved sat-
isfactory as a selective weed killer
during the summer season.

2. Stoddard solvent, sprayed at
400 gallons per acre during the
first two weeks of May, has been
found an excellent selective killer
of asters. Kerosene at 1000 gal-
lons per acre will not kill asters
nearly as effectively, though nei-
ther treatment injured cranberry
vines or buds when applied before
May 15. The Stoddard solvent
treatment is more effective, more
easily applied, less injurious to
vines, and less expensive than the
previously recommended control of
asters with ferrous sulfate.

3. Paradichlorobenzene, s c a t-
tered at 7% pounds per square rod
and covered immediately with an
inch of sand, has previously been
recommended for controlling poi-
son ivy, chokeberry, loosestrife,
and white voilets. Experiments
now show this treatment to be ef-
fective against wild bean (Apios)
and three-square grass (Scirpus),
and occasionally against the small
bramble (Rubus). In addition, this
treatment was found effective
against poison ivy and wild bean
when applied early in April while
ivy and bean were still dormant.

4. Ferrous sulfate can be spread
at the rate of 50 pounds per square
rod without injuring cranberry
vines. This heavy application,
made in June, July or August,
killed all white violets, asters, and
needle grass. However, serious in-
jury to cranberry vines resulted
when this treatment was applied to
bogs sanded within a year. Tender
cranberry roots near the surface
in the new sand weie apparently
severely burned.

Some study and experimental
work has been done toward protect-
ing cranberry bogs from winter-
killing and frost by means other
than flooding. This work looks
promising, but is still in its prelim-
inary stages and will not be de-
scribed more fully now.

Cranberry Breeding. (F. B.
Chandler, Collaborator; H. F.
Bergman, U. S. D. A.). One hun-

dred and fourteen selections from
the 10,685 cranberry seedlings pro-
duced by the U. S. D. A. have been
set in Massachusetts for further
testing: some in four bogs, and the
others in two or three bogs. From
these selections, it is hoped that
some new varieties will be devel-
oped which will be resistant to
false blossom and fungous diseases
and will give good yields of desir-
able fruit.

The results of the breeding work
and some of the information about
these selections were published in
CRANBERRIES for May and June,
1947.

Fertilizer Requirements of Cran-
berry Plants. (F. B. Chandler and
Wm. G. Colby). Plots have been
laid out and fertilizer applied to
study nitrate vs. ammonia as a
source of nitrogen for cranberries.
The rate of application of nitrogen
in the treated plots has varied
from 10 to 80 pounds per acre.
Fertilizer applications are being

made before bloom (June), befo]
fruit-bud formation (late July
late in the fall, and early in thl
spring. These plots have not beei
established long enough to giv(
information on yield, but vines oi
fertilized plots have much bettei
vigor and bloom and are mud
heavier than vines on unfertilizec
plots on both hard-bottom and
peat-bottom bogs.

New Jersey Legend

The cianberry has produced
many legends — here is one from
New Jersey:

It seems that thousands of years
ago the aborigines of New Jersey
and the Great Spirit knew each
other better than our people ofr
today. The Great Spirit would
appear and converse with the wise
men of the tribes.

This was long before they knew>
of the white man's God. The war-
riors believed that bravery, truth,

NEW BOG BUILDERS

WE SUGGEST YOU TAKE FULL ADVANTAGE

OF

LIGHTWEIGHT - PORTABILITY

and FAST COUPLING

OF

FLEX-0-SEAL PIPE

TO

GUARANTEE ESTABLISHMENT OF NEWLY SET BOGS

FOR FIRST TWO SEASONS

ONE LINE OF PIPE WILL SOAK DOWN
AN 80 FOOT STRIP EVERY TWO HOURS.

This line can then be easily moved by one man to new set-
ting and repeated. In this way a large acreage can be safely
developed by use of a single line of sprinklers and a cross header.

New bogs under four acres can receive this protection for
under a thousand dollars total. New Bogs five to ten acres would
run under sixteen hundred dollars — pumpers included.

This is not an expense but an investment,
as you have the equipment to move to other
new bogs, to transfer to other builders of
new bogs, or to use as a foundation for com-
plete frost protection and irrigation system
after first two seasons.

ENGINE PUMPING UNITS - PIPE - SPRINKLERS IN STOCK

We will be pleased to discuss Costs and Set-ups at No Obligation.

YEG-ACRE-FARMS -IRRIGATION DIVISION

FORESTDALE — CAPE COD, MASS.

Phone OsterviUe 719

Twenty

honesty and charity were passports
to the Happy Hunting Grounds.
They believed that the Great Spirit
was personally interested in their
welfare.

Mighty beasts then roamed
the forests of New Jersey, and the
Great Spirit gave them the mas-
todon for their beast of burden.
Now the mastodon was a huge
beast, fierce and invincible, and his
skin so strong and hard that it was
not pierced by the sharpest spears
or arrows. Being a king of beasts
in size and strength, he rebelled
at being a beast of burden, resent-
ed the indignity, and insisted that
the other animals share the work.

The other beasts refused, and
that meant war. The mastodons
gathered from near and far, as
did the other animals. The scene
of the conflict came in what is now
the three counties of Atlantic,
Burlington, and Ocean. The slaugh-
ter was terrific. The sky darkened,
the stars wept at the crash of the
battle. The earth shook, and the
roar was heard in adjoining reg-
ions like the shock of an earth-
quake.

Blood flowed. It seemed that th
mastodons would be victorious.
Then the Great Spirit descended
to the top of a hill and became an-
gry with the discontented mas-
todons and hurled great bolts of
lightning at them until all were

killed except one large bull which
managed to escape from the car-
nage. He fled to the northwest,
swam the Great Lakes, and lived
in the far north until the White
Man came there.

The great mastodons and the

The Forges Contractors, Inc.

WATER ST.

PLYMOUTH, MASS.

Tel. 1763

Cranberry Bog Building and Rebuilding

Power Shovels, Cranes, Clamshells

Draglines. Bulldozers and Trucks

Dealers in:

Prefabricated half and full circle "Whipple
Flumes".

New England Metal Culvert Co. Pipe.

Increase yields with SKINNER controlled irrigation

Waters Large Areas Uniformly ....

"SKINNER", the pioneer and leader in
irrigation for more than half a century, has
designed these sprinklers for your specific
use— a glance at the table below tells the
story better than words. "SKINNER"
equipment is quality equipment. Quality
means dependability — durability — effic-
iency. Better write us for complete de-
tails today.

THE SKINNER IRRIGATION CO.

150 Water St., TROY, OHIO

Catalog No.

Controlled

Power

Main Diam. of Coverage

Nozzle G. P. M. in feet

Inch Uniform Total

CP-l

5/16

30.00
32.30
34.50
36.80
37.50

145
150
155
160
165

162
168
173
178
182

Long

Range

Utility Sprir

kler

Catalog
No.

Main
NozzI
Size

Lbs. Pres-
? sure at
Sprinkler

G.P.M.

Diam. of
Coverage

Diam. of
Uniform
Coverage

LR-3
3" Inlet

1"

80

90

100

300
320
340

325
330
340

300
305
310

Other sizes available in both Sprinklers. Write.

Twenty-one

weight of the lesser animals had
churned the earth until it had be-
come as a sponge, deep and un-
sightly— a bog. Later the Great
Spirit, in a mood of mercy, covered
it with a soft green blanket of
vines and caused the vines to blos-
som and the red cranberry to fruit.
At least, so sayeth the legend of
how cranberries came to grow in
New Jersey. (Reprinted from
Atlantic City Press).

Speaking at the Experiment Sta-
tion were Dr. Chester Cross and
Dr. H. J. Franklin. Speaking at
Monponsett were "Joe" Kelley and
Cranberry Specialist J. Richard
Beattie. About 60 attended the

Sxperiment Station meeting
about 65 at Monponsett.

and

Read CRANBERRIES
and Be Informed

First of Season's
Twilight Meetings
In Massachusetts

First twilight meetings for Cape
Cod cranberry growers were held
June 3 at the Experiment Station,
East Wareham, and June 4 at the
United Cape Cod Cranberry Com-
pany bog near Monponsett, con-
ducted by J. T. Brown, director
Plymouth County Extension Ser-
vice. Discussion concerned cur-
rent control methods for fireworm,
cranberry weevils, false blossom,
and fruit rot. Specimens of eqrly
spring weeds were on display.

Cranberry Growers . . .

You value the sound, proven recommendations of
the East Wareham Cranberry Experiment Station in
growing your crops successfully.

Equally invaluable to you is sound, properly
written Insurance fitted specially to the needs of
Cranberry Growers.

E. A. Thacher of this firm will be happy to
discuss your requirements, and without charge or
obligation, prepare a survey of your property and
needs.

Brewer & Lord

INSURANCE
56 Batterymarch Street, Boston

Telephone: Hancock 60830

Prevents RotandJemiiesf ,

Specify and he sure you get

CUPROLIGNUM

to Save Costly Renewals on Flumes
and Headgates

CUPROLIGNUM SHINGLE STAIN

For new clapboards, old .stained or new shingles. Can be painted
over if desired.

CUPROLIGNUM COPPER BOTTOM PAINT

with the addition of Cuprolignum gives added resistance to bar-
nacles or teredoes by penetrating the wood cells, depositing toxics
which remain after paint film has completely disintegrated.

New England Representative

ROBERT S. CHASE

195 Marlboro Street Boston 16, Mass.

Manufacturers: RUDD PAINT & VARNISH CO., Seattle, Washington

Twenty-two

A Letter from
Germany

(From "Wisconsin Cranberry News",
publication of Wisconsin Cranberry
Sales Co.)

Appreciation for the radio pro-
grams broadcast over WFHR dur-
ing the period that the German
prisoners of war were stationed at
the airport in Wisconsin Rapids
was expressed in a letter received
recently by the radio station

The letter was written by Hans
Flessner for Aurich, Ostfriesland,
and is dated April 1st. Besides
appreciation for the radio pro-
grams, the writer also extended
best regards to the cranberry
marsh operators who employed the
prisoners of war during the period
of time they were in Wisconsin
Rapids. It was typewritten.

The entire letter follows:

"Aurich, Ostfriesland, Leererland-
strasse, 24, 1 April, 1948.
Dear Sirs: You'll probably be
.surprised to get a letter from a
German, but if I tell you that I am
a former Prisoner of War from

the town-airport, Tri-City Airport,
Wisconsin Rapids, you maybe
understand why I wrote to you.
I am back in Germany for about
1% years, but as you know, life
conditions are very bad in today's
Germany. I always remember
your town very well and I and my
comrades, we liked it very much
over there.

And now the question why I
just write to you. Well, we had
two small radios in our camp and
after daywork and on holidays we
used to listen to them. And most
of the time we listened to WFHR,
Wisconsin Rapids, because you al-
ways had such wonderful music
and fine transcriptions on the air.
We liked your station very much
and when we travelled back by
ship I promised them to write to
you and express our thanks for
the wonderful time we had through
many days. If possible, please
write sometimes.

Best regards to all our former
employers in Cranmoor and around
there.

Sincerely, Hans Flessner."

Massachusetts
frost warnings

Massachusetts cranberry grow-
ers this spring are receiving frost
warnings from eight distributing
points. Only two attempts are
made by the distributor to reach a
grower. Supplementary radio
warnings go out from Station
WEEI, Boston at 2.29 p. m. and
8.59 p. m. daily when conditions
warrant a forecast.

PATRONIZE OUR
ADVERTISERS

Let Us Handle

Your Power Needs

for Bog Pumps

International

and

Continental Red Seal

Industrial Engines

SALES and SERVICE

J. M. HACKETT

Tel. Rockland 1864
NO. HANOVER MASS.

Colley Cranberry
Company

SHIPPERS OF CAPE COD
CRANBERRIES

"SVITSVS" Brand

Plymouth, Mass.

Office
17 Court Street

Telephone
Plymouth 1622

Twenty-three

SLAYER

CA Poem for cranberry growers)

I wake up in the morning,

I lift my battle cry.
1 fall upon the foeman.

And smite them hip and thigh.

1 slay my tens of thou.sands,
But still their ranks press on;

New leg-ions rise against me —
New legions with the dawn.

A mighty man of valor,

A man of doughty deeds;
But I shall never conquer
My enemy— The WEEDS.

By Eliot Kays Stone
(Pennsylvania)

Public Relations
Of Cape Growers'
Association Meets

A meeting of the Public Rela-
tions Committee of the Cape Cod
Cranberry Growers' Association
of which W. H. Wyeth is chairman,
was held at the Massachusetts
Cranberry Experiment Station,
East Wareham, June 5th. Three
votes were taken.

One was that the committee
recommend to the directors of the
Association that the association
assist in every way possible in the
proposed "National Cranberry
Week" observance to be held in
early October in Massachusetts.
This would be a non-brand obser-
vance which would promote the
publicity of cranberries.

The second was that the com-
mittee recommend to the directors
that a brief, historical pamphlet
of the industry be published for
distribution this summer, through
summer hotels, drug stores, etc.

The third was that the commit-
tee recommend to the directors
that a cranberry exhibition booth
be set up at the Union meeting of
Massachusetts agricultural associ-
ations at Worcester, Massachu-
setts, next January.

Cape Cranberry
Growers' Clinics

Cape cranberry clinics are to be
held at the New England Cran-
berry Sales Company screenhouse

Twenty-four

at Barnstable June 9, 23. July 7
and 21 from 9 a. m. until 12 noon.
These meetings are for gi-owers
of the Upper Cape.

For the Lower Cape growers the
clinics will be at the National
Cranberry Association screenhouse.
North Harwich, June 2, 16, .SO,
July 14 and 28.

The afternoons will be devoted
to bog visits by prior arrangement.
Growers are urged to bring with
them specimens, such as insects,
weeds, cranberry vines, upon which
they want discussion and advice.

These clinics are to be operated
on a trial basis as scheduled, ac-
cording to the announcement of
Barnstable County Agent Bertram
Tomlinson, and if it seems advis-
able to discontinue them growers
will be notified.

NCA to Hold Its
Annual Meeting,
Hanson, June 29

The annual meeting of National
Cranberry Association is to be held
at the Hanson, Mass. plant June

NEW GROWERS

COMING EVERY YEAR

KEEP IT UP

Quality - Service

Frost Insecticide Co.

Box 36
ARLINGTON 74

MASS.

■iiiiaiiiiiBiii''

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

17 Court St.
Plymouth, Ma

BOG MANAGEMENT

Tels: Plymouth 1622
Kingston 310

If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will
pay you to see us.

A number of propertie.s available, more wanted.

Cranberry Growers

Flea-, do not wait until the hole is dug to order your flumes.
Prefabrica.cd means we build them for you, you just install them.
Give us time to do your work.

Flumes — Prefabricated

Sliding Gate Reservoir Flumes — the kind that let you sleep on

frosty nights.

Dog-leg Keservoir Flumes— for Oxygen Enrichment.

Flashboard-type Lower Flumes — for close regulation of water

levels.

With Armco Pipe

Long Lengths — few joints — easy to handle.

Galvanized, asbestos bonded, completely coated, with a paved

bottom to take the wear.

And No Spiling

Instead, on short pipes, reservoir flumes, or where eels and
muskrats are bad, use a corrugated-iron seepwall collar, ex-
tending two feet above, below, and both sides of pipe.

Assembled in a few hours

Excavating and backfilling your chief problem.

No Settlement

Except as the whole dike settles, even on the softest bottom.

R. A. TRUFANT — Hydraulic Consultant

Tel. Carver 64-11 - Bog Railroads For Sale or Rent - North Carver, Mass.

^j^_^^^,^^,^BaiBlta

CRANBERRIES Magazine

Helps to solve the problems of the cranberry grower. As follows:

1 It prints scientific articles.

2 It covers the cranberry news in the various areas, month by month.

3 It prints biographical articles about individual growers and their
cranberry properties.

4 It prints the latest news in mechanical developments.

5 It carries the advertising of those serving the industry.

TEAM WORK

By TEAM WORK the members of the New England Cranberiy Sales Company,
in conjunction with the other State Companies, have developed the business of market-
ing cranberries— have reduced its risks, and have gained advantages which NO INDI-
VIDUAL acting alone could possibly secuve

The entire strength of the organization i. directed toward STABILIZING the busi-
ness of packing, shipping, and selling cranberries.

The market ESTABLISHED by the Selling Agents— the American Cranberry
Exchange— secures for all members full value for their crops.

We are proud of the reputation of the American CranbeiTy Exchange— of the
prestige and universal good will it enjoys with the trade, with the consumer, and with
the grower. It is a valuable asset, earning dividends which every member shares.

By becoming a member of the New England Cranberry Sales Company a grower
safeguards his immediate interests and, what is much more important, helps stabilize
his business.

New England Cranberry Sales Company

9 Station Street

Middleboro, Mass.

Twenty-five

29. This will be an all-day meet-
ing, as usual, with reports of the
activities of the Co-op, and a
luncheon at 12.30. All interested
in cranberry growing are invited
to attend, NCA announces.

JARI POWER SCYTHE

Cuts weeds, grass, brush

Write for details

CALCO
Rainmaker

Portable Steel Pipe

Milorganite

Organic 6% Nitrogen Fertilizer

BilllR IRRIGATION

With

LESS
WATER

A Model For
Every Pressure

For Farm, Ore
and quickly i
Htovy duly
for long ttni
t«r lubricatttdl
quired. No
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button.

or Truck Garden. Easily
Inted on any irrigation pipe.
ftt and bronze construction
Sand and dirt proof. Wa-
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moving ports to rapidly
i\um coverage— even dlstr!>

ff BUCKNER MANUFACTURING C0.(«
1816 Bleckttaae Ave., Freeoa, Califonifa

BUCKNER SPRINKLERS

lin WASHINOTON STREET
WIST NBWTON 65, MASS.

Cranberry Growers
Invited to Attend
Insecticide Meet

This is being sponsored by the Massa-
chusetts Tree Wardens and Foresters at
"Edaville", South Carver, July 7.

The Massachusetts Tree War-
dens and Foresters Association
will hold its annual summer meet-
ing at "Edaville", South Carver,
Massachusetts, July 7.

The association issues an invita-
tion to cranberry growers to join
with its members, as the associ-
ation feels no group is more famil-
iar with the gypsy moth problem.
The day starts off with coffee,
doughnuts and cheese at 9.30 a. m.
There will be exhibits and demon-
strations of every conceivable type
of sprayer and duster, from hand
type wheelbarrow, mist blower,
turbine blowers, hydraulic spray-
ers, airplane sprayers and dusters,
helicopters. The wind-up of the
demonstration will be giant C-47
airplane, weighing 1.5 tons in it-
self, and capable of carrying just
under 1,000 gallons of material.
This "ship" will be fumi:;hed by
the United States Department of
Agriculture.

Also there will be (k"nonstia-
tions of the latest methods of weed
control.

An old-fashione.l clambake will
be served at 1.30. Norman Holmes

¥

• Complete Coverage

• Quick

• Economical

• Expert Service

FOR a better inip yield, dust cran-
berries by air; the modern. quicl<
way to destroy pests that attack your
berries. No dama^^e to vines; effect-
ive and economical.

Sky-Spray, Inc.

Affiliated with
The F. A. Bartlett Tree Expert Co.

, OSTERVILLE 2397

■ CAMBRIDGE - Kirkland 7-0975

Tel

will be bake-master. -Reservatio
siiould be in not later than July
Tickets may be obtained from tl
committee in charge, which co
sists of V. Leslie Hebert, We;
mouth, chairman, John F. Shield
Osterville; John Anderson, distrii
moth superintendent, Jeffersc'
Shores, Buzzards Bay, Antor
Couto, Falmouth, John Kenned;
Plymouth, and A. Clayson Tuc;
Buzzards Bay.

President Crawford of the Cap
Cod Chamber of Commerce state
that the Chamber heartily endorse
the efforts of the tree wardens c
the towns of Southeastern Mas.'
achusetts in being so prompt t
adopt modern methods in attack
ing the gypsy moth situation.

Both NCA 'Copters
Back in Service, ]
Improved i

The NCA helicopter received it;
first call for actual bog dusting oi
May 28. This was at the bog o: i
William Mullens at Mashpee on thi j
Cape, who had an infestation oi i
fireworm. The two NCA helicop-
ters had previously given servica
with DDT on uplands for gypsyj
moths.

Both 'copters have been remod-
eled during the winter with im-
proved dust and spray equipment..
Chief Pilot, as last year, is "Fred"'
Soule, and NCA requests thatl
grower-members who wish 'copter'
service contact Soule, whose num- ■
ber is Wareham 110.3.

Are We As
"Modern" As We
Think We Are?

Bertram Tomlinson, County Ag-
ent of Barnstable County, Massa-
chusetts, has recently brought up ^
an interesting item of information, -l
through some correspondence of^
his with Gerard Chapman of Den-
nis, regarding this year's control
charts. This is, that Mr. Gerard i
says he was advised 40 years ago-J
that a double handle of salt in ai
bucket of water was a good spray ;
for wild bean or "Indian Potato", i
as it was then called. Further- '
more, he was told that kerosene
was good for many spray pur-

Twenty-six

poses. Mr. Chapman tried out the
salt with good results, but says he
did not have the "nerve" to try
a kerosene spray.

Mr. Chapman's advisor of 40
years ago was James A. Smalley,
who after building bogs on the
Cape became one of the first oper-
ators in the Wareham-Carver area.
It would seem the late Mr. Smalley
was considerably ahead of his day
in chemical weed control experi-
mentation.

However, some ten years after
Mr. Smalley told him about using
;his, he was desperately in trouble
with blackheaded fireworm and he
turned to kerosene for help, put-
ting two gallons in a barrel of
water, with fish oil soap. He
sprayed this on with a bucket pump
ind upon examination the vines
showed that every worm was dead.
He thought he had the solution to
;he blackhead, but the next year
'ound he did not kill any by the
same treatment. Mr. Chapman
:oncludes that the first time he
sprayed was exactly at just the
■ight time to get a kill. Cranberry
experimentation is nothing upon
.vhich the present day and age
las had a monopoly.

OREGON NEWS

By Ethel M. Kranick

The chief topic of concern in the
West in May was the weather. In-
termittent rain and cold continued
into the middle of May. Very lit-

tle growth was made by the cran-
berries until May, whereas usually
the growth begins the first of
April.

It is too early to make any esti-
mate of crop. Up to this time,
conditions have not been suitable
for an above average crop.

THOMAS BROTHERS
General Contractors

MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

Tel. Middleboro 772

Concrete Flumes and PumpwelU
Transit Mix Concrete

Complete Line of Construction Equipment
Excavating - Grading - Hauling

Leave the Tough Jobs for Us
Our Experience is Your Guarantee

Xeter x\« J^e 1^

age

a

KEEP SMILING"

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 740

Peter A. LeSage

** YARMOUTH

Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries Tei. Bamaubie 107

Twenty-seven

A New Marketing-
Group Is Formed
In Wisconsin

A new cranberry marketing
gi'oup has been formed in Wiscon-
sin. The incorporators of the new
enterprise are B. C. Brazeau of the
Central Cranberry company, Rich-
ard S. Brazeau of the R. S. Brazeau
company, G. A. Getzin of Getzin
Cranberry company, and William

F. Huffman of the Wm. F. Huffman
Farms, Inc., all of Wisconsin
Rapids.

The new corporation is capital-
ized for $250,000 and all of the
stock is held by the four individ-
uals who are the incorporators.
According to the articles of incor-
poration and bylaws, the corpora-
tion is set up to perform a large
variety of services for its stock-
holder-growers. One of the funda-
mental purposes of the company is
to handle the merchandising and
selling of ctanberries grown by the
stockholders.

Officers Named

The ofHcers of the new corpor-
ation are to be: B. C. Brazeau,
president and general manager;

G. A. Getzin, vice president; R. S.
Brazeau, secretary; and William F.
Huffman, treasurer. The officers
are also the only directors of the
company.

B. C. Brazeau, president, made
the following statement about the
new corporation : "Cranberry
Growers, Inc., will engage in sev-
eral important activities on behalf
of its stockholders. One of its
main objectives is to handle the
sales of cranberries grown by its
stockholders. This service also
may be supplied to any of its
grower-clients who engage the new
organization to market its crop,
even though the grower-client is
not a stockholde)' in the new or-
ganization.

"Our institution is not a cooper-
ative and is a straight business cor-
poration."

Resign from Exchange

The incorporators of the new
company were all formerly mem-
bers of the Wisconsin Cranberry
Sales company and the American
Cranberry Exchange. They very
recently resigned their member-

Twenty-eight

ships in both of those institutions.
B. C. Brazeau, Huffman and Getzin
were formerly directors of the
American Cranberry Exchange.
R. S. Brazeau was formerly a di-
rector of the Wisconsin Cranberry
Sales company. They resigned
these official positions at the time
of their withdrawal of membership
in the two cooperatives. Getzin is
president of the Wisconsin Cran-

Derry

Growers Association, i

which

position he continues.

Patronize

Our

Advertisers

CRANBERRIES

The National

Cranberry Magazine

Are Americans Rich?

YES, THEY ARE RICH IN MANY THINGS.
ONE OF THEIR RICHES IS THE OPPORTUNITY
TO USE THE ADVANTAGES OF SUCH AN
EFFICIENT SERVANT AS ELECTRICITY.

Plymouth County Electric Co.

WAREHAM

Tel. 200

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 1300

Beaton's Distributing Agency

NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS
of

Sa/ie Qod &uinSeAUU

for over a quarter century
in United States and Canada

Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 130 or 970 tj

i

J^et i J^ook at the J^ecord!

AVER a period of many years, Minot Food
Packers, Inc., have fully cooperated with
cranberry growers in their problems, and prr-
ticularly as regards stabilizing the market with
a "just price" for canned sauce.

VI/'ITH so much publicity as regards cut prices
on the 1947 crop pack of canned sauce,
even though we feel that it is not necessary
to assure our growers, nevertheless we
make public announcement that Minot Food
Packers, Inc. have not reduced prices, nor did
they offer any promises when quoting their
prices on Minot brand and Conway's brand of
Cranberry Sauce packed from 1947 crop berries
or 1946 crop berries.

AUR policy, at all times, is that the growers should receive
a "just price" for their cranberries and we, in turn, offer
the canned product at a "just price" to the distributors.

It will pay you DIVIDENDS to deal with

MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, INC.

BRIDGETON

NEW JERSEY

Represented by
BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY

WAREHAM, MASS.

The Proof of A Sales Organization
Is Its Returns to Patrons

As a Cape Codder once put it, "Cranberry raising is not merely a
way of life, it is a way of making money." To all those interested in
dollars and cents, the American Cranberry Exchange herewith presents
its gross returns on cranberries sold on the fresh fruit market.

AVERAGE PRICE F. O. B. SHIPPING POINTS FOR
CRANBERRIES SOLD ON THE FRESH MARKET

Massachusetts
New Jersey
Wisconsin
Lone; Island
Bandnn, Oregon
Canada

AVERAGE

$26.63
26.25
24 83
26.61
27.65
28.06

26.04

72.4 7f> of the Exchange's sales were on the fresh market.

These returns were sent to the various state companies, less the Exchange's oper-
ating expense to March 31, of S.GOS'/r , plus the advertising expense authorized by
members — 1.976%.

The American Cranberry Exchange was sold out on the fresh market the day before
Thanksgivmg, and left with orders on hand it could not fill.

The coming sales season is one in which every suitable berry s^hould be sold fresh
The Exchange, which ended the past season with unfilled orders piled high, is well
organized and prepared to handle any additional volume.

It has had 41 years of experience; and it has the EATMOR trademark, nationally
advertised for 32 years.

The American Cranberry Exchange, Inc.

The Cranberry Growers' Cooperafive
Agricultural Lie. No. 1

Marketers of

Eatmor
Cranberries

'■" Chicago

New York

VINC A $16,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY

\?E COD
EW JERSEY
WISCONSIN
OREGON
WASHINGTON

30 Cents

July, 1948

ROBERT S. HANDY, i' top Cape Grower
(CRANBERRIES PHOTO)

We Know the Advantages

of cooperation, because it has enabled our Company to serve cranberry
growers in steadily increasing numbers throughout our fifty-four years
of business life.

Because of our excellent reputation for good work and fa.'r treat-
ment over such a long period of years, you owe it to yourself to become
a member of this progressive Company. We invite you to join us.

Growers Cranberry Company, Inc.

Oldest Cooperative in the Cranberry industry
Oldest agricultural Cooperative in New Jersey

PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY

IT WAS IN JULY OUR NATION WAS
FOUNDED .... A Nation was founded upon indepen-
dence of thought and freedom.

That same spirit prevails today. We salute
our Nation and that Spirit.

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

(A Cooperative)

^oin witn jSCg4 to build c4 £i^^er
Market [or Mig^g^et Crop^

Packers of canned chicken as well as fresh chicken have joined
with Ocean Spray to promote the Chicken 'n Cranberry team . . . put-
ting their promotional strength behind it . . . doubling the power of
NCA's campaign.

Tie-in displays like this bring new customers for Ocean Spray . . .
and a permanently wider market for cranberry crops.

National Cranberry Association

Hanson, Massachusetts
Onset, Massachusetts
Plymouth, Massachusetts

The Growers' Cooperative

Branches at:

North Harwich, Massachusetts
Bordentown, New Jersey
North Chicago, Illinois

Coquille, Oregon
Markham, Washinprton
I-ong Beach, Washington

DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAR EH AM 162

S. C. M. Packard & Go.

Hardware — Locksmiths
For Maintenance Supplies

PLYMOUTH
NATIONAL BANK

Plymouth
Massachusetts

Member Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation

Extensiye Experience in
ELECTRICAL WORK

At Scr««nhous«s, Box* ftnd
Pump* Mean* SatiaTactlon

ALFRED PAPPI

WAREHAM. MASS. T«l. eae

USE DYNAMITE

The modern way to re-
move stumps, excavate
rocks, DIG CORES FOR
DIKES, and other blasting
work in cranberry growing.
Speeds up work — reduces costs.
CONSULT WITH US ON ANY
WORK YOU ARE PLANNING.
Trained by Hercules Powder Co.

ALTON J. SMITH

High St., Hanson, Mass.

Tel. Bryantville 297

Diesel Bulldozer

E. C. HOWES

WEST WAREHAM, MASS.
Tel. Wareham 405-W-2

Experienced in Bog Work

"CRANBERRIES"
ADVERTISING
PAYS BIG
DIVIDENDS!

Reasonable Rates
on Request

Middleborough
Trust Company

MIDDLEBORO
MASS.

Member of

The Federal Deposit

Insurance Corporation

Edwin K. Greer Co.

WAREHAM, MASS.
Est. 1891 Tel. Wareham 108

PIONEERS RETAILERS OF
BUILDING MATERIALS

CATERING To The CRANBERRY
INDUSTRY

LUMBER DRAIN PIPE

WOOD PRESERVERS BOLTS

TOOLS

H. R. Bailey Co.

South Carver
Massachusetts

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.
in stock

Morris April Bros.i

Bridgeton - Tuckahoe

New Jersey

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

Wood
County
National
Bank

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

MEMBER FKOCHAL DEPOSIT
INSURANCE CORPORATION

■SERVING THE CR/VNBERRY INDUSTRY

ADAMS & GOULD

Lumber Dealers

"Everything Under Cover"

East Wareham, Mais.

Tel. Wareham 648

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Paints - Hardware

Attention
Cranberry
Growers ! !

We have

Drain Pipe

Large Sized Terra Cotta
Makes a Permanent Installation

RALPH W. ELLIOT

Sandwich Rd., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 794

Mail Addresa: Buzzarda Bay, RFD

Plumbinf and Haatinf Service

<ROP-SAVER

brand

INSECTICIDES
FUNGICIDES

For the Cranberry Grower

CROP-SAVER
CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc.

3511 West Potomac Avenue
Chicago 51, Illinois

Acushnet

Cape & Vineyard

Saw Mills Co.

Electric Company

GOOD

WOOD BOXES

Ofifices:

Chatham

Falmouth

Cranberry Growers

Order Harvest and

Shipping Boxes

Hyannis

Vineyard Haven

New Bedford, Maat.

Est. 1865

EttablUhed 1141

Hall & Cole

Incorporated

Harvest

and

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

Shipping

94 Faneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON, MASS.

Boxes

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES
SPECIALTIES

Jesse A. Holmes & Son

Carver, Mass.

Car Lot Receivers

Tel. Carver 10-3

The National Bank of Wareham

Conveniently located for Cranberry men

Funds always available for sound loans

Complete Banking Service

Member Pedeml Deposit Insurance Corp.

Mass. Cranberry
Station and Field Notes

by J. RICHARD BEATTIE
Extension Cranberry Specialist

Massachusetts growers are still
handicapped in their bog work
because of the cold, wet season we
have been experiencing up to the
present tinre (June 28). Sun-
glasses and sun visors haven't
been exactly standard equipment
around the bogs this spring. Rub-
ber boots, rain coats, and a change
of clothing have been more in or-
der. However, in spite of the
weather, the bogs in general in
Massachusetts look unusually well,
and all indications point to a real
bloom at the writing of this arti-
cle.

Cranberry growers know only
too well that there are a good
many things that can happen be-
tween now and next September.
Certain factors are beyond our
control, but there are those that
come within our jurisdiction. With
this in mind, we offer the follow-
ing suggestions for your consider-
ation.

Growers hardly need to be re-
minded that this is a bad weed
year, but new developments in
weed control will help the situa-
tion considerably. Dr. C. E. Cross,
our weed control expert, offers
some very timely suggestions on
this subject. He recommends the
continued use of 2,4D to kill loose-
strife, applying the material to
the tip of the weed with a gloved
hand moistened in the solution.
Loosestrife is really plentiful and
vigorous. Efforts to control it
are definitely warranted. (1) To
prevent the continued spread and
build up for another season. (2)
If we should have a good crop this
year, this method of treating the
tips of loosestrife with 2,4D gives
it permanent kill. This advantage
outweighs the crop injury in-
volved.

Dr. Cross tells us that current
tests indicate that 2,4D will not

kill grasses, rushes, and sedges
when applied in the summer with
a gloved hand moistened in the
solution. Asters ai'e misformed or
contorted by this treatment and
only rarely killed by it. Hardback
plants treated as for loosestrife
look very sick a week after the
application. Growers might well
treat hardback in the same man-
ner and, at the same time, they
are treating loosestrife with 2,4D.

Weather so far has favored the
use of iron sulphate, but makes it
practically impossible to use ferric
sulphate without injury to cran-
berry vines. Dr. Cross suggests
that during July iron sulphate
work be continued to control long-
leafed asters, haircap moss, white
violets, and ferns. He suggests
that those who have a flair for
experimenting might try some
Stoddard solvent applied through
tubes or nozzles to the bo;; surface
on areas infested with weeds.
This oil should not be allowed to
touch the new growth of cranberry
vines at this time of year. If the
oil is applied to the base of loose-
strife, asters, small brambles,
chokeberry, and various sedges,
rushes, and grasses, it kills them
very quickly. However, Dr. Cross
wants it clearly understood that
this treatment cannot at present
be regarded as a definite recom-
mendation, but states that recent
tests are promising.

This brings us to the problem
of summer insects, which again is
a management factor within the
grower's control. Dr. H. J. Frank-
lin sugge.'^ts that growers in Mas-
sachusetts consider seriously thi'
blanket control treatment outlined
in the 1948 Insect and Disease
Control Chart. This refers to
section "E" at the bottom of the
chart. It states that dusting with
60 lbs. per acre of a 4'y rotenone

dust about July 10 or possibly a
few days later this particular sea-
son, is a good blanket control for
the second brood of the black-
headed fireworms, blunt-nosed
leafhoppers and fruit worms.
There is another blanket control
not outlined on the chart, but wor- |
thy of the growers' consideration. |
Dr. Franklin refers to the use of ;
50 lbs. per acre of a 5% DDT dust i
which would be timed about July |
10 or a few days later as outlined !
above. This treatment controls i
the second brood of black-headed
fireworms, blunt-nosed leafhoppers,
and gets about 50% of the fi-uit
worms.

The interest in raising quality
fruit is still very much in evidence, ;
and rightly so. A reminder card
was sent out in June to the grow- ]
ers by the county agents, stating j
that according to Dr. Franklin j
present prospects for storage qual- '
ity was predicted as fair to good, j
This prediction was made aftei '
careful study of weather conditions
up to the present time. However,
bogs generally producing berries
of poor keeping quality should be
sprayed with formate, according to
Dr. H. F. Bergman, who has done
considerable research on cranberry
fruit worms. Growers were ad-
vised to make their first applica-
tion when the buds were jusO
ready to o^en. The time for the«
seccnc; application of feimate isi
nearly at hand or, in other words,,
when the vines are three-fourthsl
out of bloom. Dr. Bergman rec-
ommends the application o ' 2 lbs.,
of fermate per hundred gallons of?
water, using 250-300 gall ns per
acre for the cecond treatment.

An Ad

in
CRANBERRIES
is your message
placed before the in-
dustry.

Fou

\^ *>!Jn*icrmb™,„,,^^^^^^

Issue of July. 1948 — Vol. 13. No. 3

RESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J. H.

MASSACHUSETTS

The bogs look "surprisingly"
jood in prospect as June ended,
rhere is a hea\-y podding. On July
irst a third of early drawn bog
uras in bloom. Frost damage has
>een slight.

Rainfall for the month of June
x&s 4.18 inches.

There has been very little insect
iamage to date.

Some hail fell in the Wareham-
Buzzards Bay area on the after-
noon of June 6th, but Dr. Franklin
estimates there was no damage.
This occurred during a severe
thunderstorm, with a "cloudburst"
of rain. At the time many bogs
were getting into full bloom, this
being true quite generally in Mas-
sachusetts.

It is felt the heavy rainfalls
have done no harm, and there is
now a general feeling of optimism
for a good crop.

WISCONSIN

On the night of June 5 and the
morning of June 6, there was
serious frost damage. The damage
is estimated by D. C. Hammond,
Jr., manager of Wisconsin Cran-
berry Sales Company, as eight to
ten per cent.

As of the end of June there
were blossoms, and full bloom was
expected by the first few days of
July, which is about normal.

Hail damage has been quite
serious in various sections of
Mather and Warrens, both heavy
producing areas.

There is a lot of winter injury
which is showin gup insofar as the
fruit buds are concerned. They
have been hit and are not pi'oduc-
ing fruit,

The water situation (as of end
of June) was very critical. Ap-
proximately 50 per cent of the

NEW JERSEY

Temperature. June temperatures
through the 23rd were way below
normal and sunshine was getting
to be just a memory. Summer
temperatures arrived, however, on
the 24th and did their best to
make up for the deficiency chalked
up earlier in the month. The
normal daily mean temperature
for June at Pemberton is 71°,
while this year through the 29th
it was 68.9° or 2.1° below normal.
Precipitation. With the super-
abundance of cloudy, wet weather
one would expect an excess cf
rainfall, but the shower activity
was somewhat deficient in the
quantity it left, in fpite of its
frequency. Normal June rainfall
at Pemberton is 4.63 inches, while
through the 29th 3.36 inches fell,
or 1.27 inches below normal.

FroTts. Frost warnings were
sent out from the Weather Bureau
on the nights of June 9, 16, 17,
and 20. None of these nights
proved to be dangerous. On June
5 a frost sneaked up, however, and
temperatures as low as 28° were
reported at some places on the
morning of the 6th. Some tip in-
jury was reported and one bog
held till May 20th was reported to
be badly hurt. Generally, how-
ever, damage from the frost seems
to be slight.

Cranberry Bloom. Cranberry
bloom looks very good this year.
Weather for pollination, however,
was very poor during the first
three-quarters of the month, so
thjit some of the early bloom may

not set too well. Ideal pollination
weather at the end of the month
has brightened the prospects con-
siderably.

Blueberry Crop. Bleberry crop
prospects at the end of June looked
to be about two-thirds of the rec-
ord crop of 1947. Most of this re-
duction is traceable to winter in-
jury, but mummy berry and plum
curculio injury have been quite
destructive in some fields. Poor
pollination weather during bloom
is hard to reckon, but is no doubt
another factor in the reduced crop
prospects.

Harvesting of early varieties
started generally during the week
of June 21-28.

A Veteran Pilot
Dies in Mass. as
He Practiced Dusting

Joseph Messina, president of the
Cape and Islands Airways, Ware-
ham, Massachusetts, and a veteran
pilot with thousands of hours of
flying time to his credit, met in-
stant death June 16, when a small
plane he was flying crashed at the
airport. He had been practicing
technique for dusting cranberry
bogs when the accident occurred.

Messina, who was 33, had been
a pilot since he was 16, and held
comercial and instructor's licenses.
During the war he served with the
Ferry Command and saw service in
the Aleutians, Behring Sea, and
China. He held the rank of major
in the Army Air Force.

The Cape & Islands is continu-
ing service to Massachusetts cran-
berry growers d.uring the insect
season,

Robert S. Handy, One of the Best

Growers in Massachusetts, Says

Answer to Success is "Work"

He was Recently Elected President
Club and is a Director of NCA.

of Upper Cape Cod

by CLARENCE J. HALL

Recognized as one of the better cranberry growers of Massachusett
is Robert S. Handy of Cataumet, Cape Cod, who in April was electee
president of the Upper Cape Cod Cranberry Club. He operates about
40 acres of bog in the Cataumet area and adjacent North Falmouth.
On these forty acres his aveiage production is about 60 barrels to the
acre. He has hit 90 to the acre.

That is good production in Massachusetts in anybody's language
Yet Mr. Handy's recipe as to how he does it is extremely simple. His
answer is "work, good clean bog." By work he means proper care o)
the bog the year around. For one thing, he says: "You don't go dancinj
on frost nights, or vacationing in the worm season."
Mr. Handy is a third generation

cranberry grower. His father was
Henry Handy and his grandfather,
Joshua, both of whom put in a few
acres of bog, the latter putting in
two acres near the "Old Home-
stead", 80 or more years ago. This
brig is now owned by Mr. Handy's
brother, Hermon, and is still a
good producer. Mr. Handy's son,
Arthur, now of Pocasset, which is
but a few miles from Cataumet, is
also becoming a cranberry grower.
Arthur, whom his father expects
to gradually take over the manage-
ment of his bogs, is a graduate of
Dartmouth, where he majored in
botany. Incidentally, Mr. Handy,
himself, spent one year at Massa-
chusetts State College, now the
University of Massachusetts, but
came home to assist his father.
A Real Cape Codder
To go back a little further into
the antecedents of Mr. Handy, his
immigrant ancestor, Richard Han-
dy, tame to the Cape and settled
at Sandwich in 1664 as one of the
original grantees. The township
of Bourne, of which Cataumet.
formerly called South Pocasset,
was a part, was originally in Sand-
wich.

With this background, there is
no question that Mr. Handy is a
Cape Codder. Some Cape Codders
can be garrulous; others the oppo-
site. Mr. Handy is of the latter
type. Your reporter, sitting in the
reat parlor of his spacious home,
which outside is painted "New
England" red, with a big barn of

Six

the same color behind it, found it
a rather difficult matter to get
much information. Not that Mr.
Handy is not gracious, but simply
that he is a man of few words.

To get back to his cranberry
work. He has learned the business
the hard way. He has wheeled
sand, pulled weeds (he is still
rather in favor of hand weeding,
although he says chemicals are
finding a place) and flowed his
properties on frost nights. He has
always been a man of nature at
heart. He drove barges (a barge
in old Cape Cod terminology being
an open wagon, pulled by several
horses). These barges met the
railroad trains at the station and
carried passengers to their desti-
nation. For 25 years he conducted
an ice, market gardening, and
poultry business. He built the 18-
hole Pocasset Golf Course, in the
years 1914-18. All of these activ-
ities are of the sort which would
tend to keep a man out in the open
and more or less close to Nature.

His first venture in bog building
was in partnership with his father
when they drained a 20-acre shal-
low pond. Their share in the area
was six acres, but in later years
six more acres were acquired. The
bottom of this pond is deep peat
and the bog has made a good pro-
duction record. Other areas of bog
property have been acquired from
time to time, the latest purchase
being the Miller bogs in the town
of Falmouth, part of which were
old plantings, already in production

when the Cape railroad was bui
in 1872.

Adopts Modern "Tco.'s"

A believer in the old-fashioiie
theory of hard work, Mr. Hand
nevertheless adopts the moder
"tools" to better cranberry grow
ing, as they come along. He i
making use of the helicopter in hi
insect control program, which foi
ty years ago when growers wer
using hand-spray pumps woul
have been called a fairy drean
He has sprinkler systems on tw
bogs and hopes to put in mon
He likes sprinklers, particularl
for irrigation, and also recognize
their value in frost protection.
Hobby — Gardening

Asked if he had any hobble.
Mr. Handy said he "guessed not.
Then on second '.bought he sai
his hobby might be put down a
growing flowers and shrubs abov
his place. A glance around th
grounds shov/ed this to be no idl
boast. On the day of the intei
view he had a beautiful displa
of spring bulb flowers backed wit
flowering shrubs, evergreens an
maple trees. His flower garden
are so planned that he has bloor
from early spring to late fall.

Another hobby which he enjoy
is his membership in the "Tid.
Club", which meets monthly in thi
vestry of the Methodist church ai
Sagamore. The membership o
this organization is limited to 30
It is a social group, often enter
tained by interesting speakers
The most distinguished member o
the club is the Honorable "Joe'
Martin, Speaker of the House O'
Representatives, United State:
Congress. Mr. Handy has lonji
been a member of the Cape Co(
Cranberry Growers' Association
and is faithful in attendance al
its meetings.

In marketing affiliations he is a
member of National Cranberry
Association, which he joined ter
years ago. He is now in favor of
a union between the two major co-
ops, NCA and American Cranberry
Exchange and Independent pack-
ers, marketing under nationally-
established brands, well advertised.'
At least he wants harmonious re-
lations within the industry, that
growers may devote their attention
to the growing of quality berries

ind the entire crop be marketed
inder favorable conditions.
NCA Director

On June 29 Mr. Handy was re-
jected to another term as a di-
rector of NCA.

In September, 1917, Robert
landy married Mary Carleton of
ilast Sandwich, daughter of John
<". Carleton, who was a cranberry
grower and for many years a di-
ector of the New England Cran-
)erry Sales Company. The Han-
iys have three sons and three
laughters. All but the youngest
lave been to college, each choosing
I different one. The youngest is
entering college this fall.

"Bob" Kornfeld, editor of "Cran-
berry World", and Mrs. Kornfeld
left the first of July for a visit
with her parents in New Orleans.

Patients in rural hospitals in
England will have the chance to

taste Cape Cod cranberries. Thir-
teen U. S. 4-H club members, part
of an International Farm Youth
program, will present the cran-
berries, gift of the Cape Cod
Cranberry Growers' Association,
to the English hospitals.

SCOOPS

and

SCREENINGS

Perhaps the most distant visit-
3rs to the National Cranberry As-
sociation at Hanson, Massachu-
setts, were Mr. and Mrs. Leonard
Morris and daughter "Pat" from
Ihe Long Beach, Washington area
£.nd Einar Waara of Grayland,
Washington.

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY

WISCONSIN RAPIDS, WIS.

Cranberry Consultant on any

Cranberry Problem,
either Scientific or Practical,

Laying out New Marshes a Specialty.

Complete Marsh Management

and Supervision by year

can be arranged if desired.

6. S. - M. S. University of Wisconsin |

B. H. COLE & CO

INCORPORATED

Established 1707

NORTH CARVER, MASS.

FRANK H. COLE

President

CRANBERRY BOXES
A SPECIALTY

As we open a new chapter in our unparalled record of continuous business
activit.y, may we assure you that the principles which have made this record
possible will be maintained.

GOOD QUALITY A1 materials — excellent workmanship.

SUPERIOR FRIENDLY SERVICE — Any hour, any day, in any quantity, anywhere.

REASONABLE PRICES — in spite of increased manufacturing costs your cranberry box Is

still listed at the 1947 price.

ORDER YOUR CRANBERRY BOXES WHERE YOU'LL GET
A GREATER RETURN FOR YOUR CONTAINER DOLLAR.

ORDER EARLY

Sfve»

(^ditMals

ISSUE OF JULY, 1948
Vol 13 No. 3

[^ *;;^HAic«.««r«,„^^^l

jilANY say the cranberry industry is in
trouble — that is from the accumula-
tion of berries left over from previous crops
and not yet consumed. The strange part
is that few seem really worried that the
industry will not survive.

This was in strong evidence at the an-
nual meeting of the National Cranberry
Association meeting at Hanson, Massachu-
setts, June 29. It is evident in many other
quarters as wel, among those who belong
to the American Cranberry Exchange and
independents.

There is much bafflement among grow-
ers and they shake their heads in bewilder-
ment. But then they say we have strength
in our industry and a way out of the wild-
erness will be found. There are cross-fires
and undercurrents. Yet when growers get
together they find something constructive
to say. They discuss and pass along in-
formation about insect or weed control,
sprinkler systems or prefabricated fiumes.

One of the most constructive ideas we
know of and which should benefit cran-
berry growers in general is the plan of the
Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association
to publish and give away this summer
100,000 little four-page pamphlets upon
the cranberry industry. These will be dis-
tributed in many places on Cape Cod, sum-
mer hotels, drugstores, etc. They will be,
presumably, read by many people and the
thought of eating cranberries will be
placed in their minds.

These people will remember they were
in the heart of the cranberry industry —
that they saw cranberry bogs. They will
have gained a little information from this
folder as to what a cranberry bog, vine,
and berry is.

This pamphlet, put out by the Growers'
Association, is the product of cranberry
growers, not of those belonging to one co-
op or the other, or independents alone.

There are increased budgets this year
for national advertising of cranberries.
This is also good.

npO get upon another subject. This year
in Massachusetts there are few in-
sects. The air program with the planes
and the 'copters is not finding much to do.
Nature for some reason decided not to have
a heavy infestation,

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS

Subscription $3.00 per year
Advertising rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS
Wisconsin

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington— Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY
Cranberry Specialist
Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK
Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Statio)'

East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station

Pemberton, New Jersey

HTHE GI training period is ending. The

industry must have been benefited by

the young blood which this program

brought in.

New Jersey Planter— Right

Many New Jersey growers are
fortunate enough to own an Oliver
Cletrac which is quite adaptable
for vine planting. Harold Haines
of the Growers Cranberi-y Com-
pany found himself among those
growers who didn't have an Oliver
but a Ford tractor. By removing
the shovel section from his hy-
draulically-operated shovel and
attaching his planter in its place
the Ford tractor became as good
a planter as the Oliver Cletrac.

Mr. Haines used nine 20-inch
discs mounted at 6 inch intervals
on a 16x72 inch rod as his planter
attachment and it can be attached
and removed quite easily.

Eifht

Photo by EARLE BOARDWAY

THE ONE THAT GOT AWAY

You seldom get to see a picture of the one that got away, but Roger
Weston of Weston Bros., Carver, swears this is it. You see, .just before
this picture was snapped, Roger was swinging this Trufant flume into
position to land it, when the 'eader broke. The flume got away and
dropped eight feet into the reservoir. Roger hooked it again (at least
he thinks it is the same one) and again had everything under control,
as you see here.

Ten

Cultivated Thought

"No other human occupation
opens so wide a field for the prof-
itable and agi-eeable combination
of labor with cultivated thought as
agriculture. Every blade of grass
is a study; and to produce two
where there was but one is both
a profit and a pleasure. The
thought recurs that education —
cultivated thought — can best be
combined with agricultural labor,
or any labor, on the principle of
thorough work, and ere long the
most valuable of all arts will be
the art of deriving a comfortable
subsistence from the smallest
area of soil." — Abraham Lincoln.

WISCONSIN VINE PLANTER

Photo shows the way Vernon
Goldsworthy plants vines in Wis-
consin. The machine is used on
properties he is developing, or
managing. Also by Tony Jonjak,
the latter being the one chiefly re-
sponsible for the development of
the setter. "Goldy" has planted
more than 75 acres with it this
past Spring.

The operating method is that
vines are merely planted over new
peat, at the rate of about a ton to
an acre. The machine is rolled
over them once each way, and it is
reported as doing a fine job. Three
men scatter the vines, there is one
on the machine rolling the vines in,
and one hauling vines. The plant-
ler with this crew will do about
'three acres a day. The soil must
be very wet and sloppy to do a
good job.

The tractor used comes equipped
with a six or eight inch track.
Wooden pads are added to the
track. The tractor weighs about
3000 lbs. and will go where a man
cannot walk.

Jersey Sprinkler is
Being Used to Even
Temperature on Bog

Rogers Brick of New Jersey has
installed a portable sprinkler sys-
tem for irrigatipn, but more espec-

ially to overcome an unfortunate
"air-pocket", which makes one sec-
tion of his bogs colder or hotter
than the rest of his property.

Rogers feels pollination is re-
tarded by too much heat or cold
and trying to stabilize the tem-
perature.

"Cranberry Center" of
New Jersey Gets an
Air DDT Dusting

The entire community around
the cranberry center of New Jer-
sey— Pemberton — was dusted with
DDT recently to eliminate the nui-
sance of mosquitoes and flies. The
flying service was furnished free,
with the borough of Pemberton
paying for the material used, which
was furnished at cost. Five blasts
of the fire siren were sounded a
few minutes before the application
to give residents time to close
their windows.

Clipping Macliines

Magnesium Frames

Excellent Detailed Workmanship Throughout

Immediate deliver:;' on a few models
subject to prior sale.

Write

Central Cranberry Co.

Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Plev^p

Marcus L Urann Is Re-elected President of National Cranberry

About 350 Attend Annual
Meeting at Hanson, Mass.,
on June 29.

The annual meeting of the Na-
tional Cranberry Association was
held at the main plant, Hanson,
Massachusetts, June 29. About
350 were present, and President
Marcus L. Urann presided.

Officers elected were:

President, Marcus L. Urann of
Hanson; secretary and treasurer,
John C. Makepeace of Wareham;
assistant treasurer, John F. Har-
riott of Hanson; first vice-presi-
dent, Carl B. Urann of Middleboro;
second vice-president, Joseph W.
Darlington of Whitesbog, N. J.;
third vice-president. Charles L.
Lewis of Shell Lake, Wis.; vice-
president in charge of sales, H.
Gordon Mann of Hanson; vice-
president in charge of fresh cran-
berries, Russell Makepeace of
Wareham; vice-president of the
Western division, Marcus M. Havey
of North Chicago, 111.; vice-presi-
dent of the Pacific division, W. S.
Jacobson of Markham, Wash.

The Board also appointed for
another term the present Executive
Committee of the Association, con-
sisting of Marcus Urann, Ellis D.
Atwood, Mr. Harrison, Mr. Lewis,
and John Makepeace.

President Urann's address is
quoted in part. He said:

"Fellow Members:

"We meet today under new and
strange conditions. There are
world confusion, national disturb-
ances, labor unrest, high cost of
livin high taxes, and our people
fearful of the future. With all of
this doubt and fear around us, we
must expect some growers will
have the jitters.

"There are the conditions whicli
have harassed other businesses.
and which we have escaped up to
this time, but which now have
caught up with the cranbersy in-
dustry because enoogh of us have
not cooperated to assure an orderly
mai-ket. With growers rocked to
sleep by years of plenty and for-
getting- of economic fundamentals
of our industry, such a situation as
we now have is not unexpected.
For 18 years I have written and

talked grower command of the
market, and have tried to warn
the growers what would follow the
lack of grower control of surplus
crops. It is this surplus and the
lack of control of it that breaks a
market.

"From 1930 when Cranberry
Canners was organized, until 1945,
the two cooperatives worked close-
ly together with favorable results.
But consumer habits have changed.
There is a growing trend toward
ready-to-sei-ve foods. Sellers of
fresh cranberries trying to get
very high prices have stimulated
this trend from fresh cranberries
to canned cranberries. The proper
course then was, and still is, to
allocate the crop between fresh
and canned so as to keep both mar-
kets sound.

"From tWe very beginning in
1912, we have always maintained
that the objective of processing-
cranberries is to provide a market
for tender and surplus berries, to
support a fresh cranberry market
by finding a new outlet for surplus
berries, and to extend the demand
for cranberries by providing a
ready-to-serve sauce for those peo-
ple who will not take the time to
cook fresh cranberries; and, at the
same time, develop and extend the
demand for cranberry sauce in
both time and distance to assure
the sale of increasing crops. We
must recognize and supply chang-
ing con.sumer habits and demand,
or we will lose the market we now
have for cranberries.

"We tried in many ways to
arouse growers to consumer
changes, and to compose these
differences between the two co-
operatives to prevent competition
developing between fresh and
canned outlets. In 1943 we offered
to divide the berries of the two
cooperatives so that the Exchange
would have 60"",^ of the crop and
the processing would have 409; ,
and the National would not enter
the fresh cranberry market, but
leave it entirely to the Eatmor
Brand. That was refused.

"In 1945 we offered to exchange
barrel for barrel with the Ex-
change, giving them a barrel of
the very best of berries to be sold

J

fresh in exchange for a barrel of
their tender or surplus berries ta
be canned, and again we would not
sell cranberries fresh. That, too,
was refused.

"All the time the crops were in
creasing and all the time the quan
tity of berries sold fresh was di-
minishing. In the 1920's, over
600,000 barrels were sold fresh,
this year less than half that
amount with a 784,700 barrel crop

"In 1946 there were 6,000,000
cases of cranberry sauce packed by
all canners. The normal demand
was 4,500,000 cases, but these
thirty-odd canners who entered
the canning field for cranberries^
and the growers who supplied
them, over-estimated the demano
for canned cranberries. They die
nothing to extend the sales, but
just attempted to stand under tht
umbrella of the National Cran-
berry Association and horn in or
a business which they reasonet
offered a chance to make somt
easy money.

"Up to that time, growers am
independent canners thought there
was nothing to do but can cran-
berry sauce, pass it out, and col-
lect the money. All growers ant
all canners have had a very rude !
awakening. In selling so many',
berries to independent canners I
there can be no grower control
over prices or sales policy. Such
an agreement is contrary to law.
Therefoie, the industry finds itself
today with somewhere from 350,- j
000 to 400,000 barrels of berries in
freezers or in cans between us
and the consumer. Anything over
50,000 barrels at this season of
the year in the hands of growers
or canners is a surplus.

"We had a situation similar to
this in 1937 when there was a
surplus of something like 200,000
barrels on a 977,000 barrel crop,
but in that year the berries were
in the hands of the growers who
put them in freezers and sold them (
over the following three years in |
such a way as not to disturb the \
market for fresh cranberries. But j
in 1948, many of the berries are \
in the hands of independent can- I
ners and dealers who care nothing .
about orderly marketing or grow- i

Twfly?

er profit, hence they are not sell-
ing, and we have a surplus to
plague all growers.

Some of this is poor cranberry
sauce which hurts the consumption
of all en"-, ^i'erries, both fresh and
canned. Some brands today are
selling as low as 90c a dozen, as
against our price of $2.00 o dazen,
and which price we have main-
tained from the day we opened
our price in August, 1947. The
retail price of Ocean Spray Cran-
berry Sauce is from 19c to 23:
throughout the country today, and
is selling at that price because of
the years of advertising and good
will we have built among con-
sumers. Cranberry sauce packed
by independent canners is selling
as low as 10c a can.

"In the sale of many other agri-
cultural products, the price that
can be obtained on the fresh mar-
ket is based on the price which the
canner pays for his processed
supply. For instance, apple grow-
ers first offer their fruit to the
canner. They get the price he is
willing to pay for apples to be
canned; then the price for tresh
apples is based on the price the
canner is willing to pay. Observe
a large percentage of the apple
crop is eaten out of the hand,
therefore they will enjoy a more
active demand, a large demand,
and a quicker sale than you will
have for cranberries which have
to be cooked either at home or in
the factory. But the sale of ap-
ples has been growing less for
years.

"Again it has been reported
that the greatest competition that
the fresh cranberries have is the
low price of canned cranberries.
That is true and will be tncreas-
ingly destructive unless both the
fresh market and the canned mar-
ket is dominated by the grower
and he allocates the berries to the
fresh and the canned on a con-
sumer demand basis, and sales
promoted to increase the consum-
er demand for both.

"If the low prices brought about
by the competition between inde-
pendent canners to sell their
canned sauce continues, their cran-
berry sauce will continue to be
offered at 10c a can, and if fresh
franberries jnust be sold at a

price to compete with 10c cran-
berry sauce, you will have a very
low price for your fresh cranber-
ries. The answer is for enough
growers to put their canning ber-
ries in their own cooperative pro-
cessing plant to assure an orderly
market, to supply concumers a
good sauce at a reasonable price,
and to carry on an aggressive
sales program.

"NCA has a capacity of 600,000
barrels. You must have the fac-
tories ready to process any surplus
at any time, regardless of quantity
or condition, in order to safeguard
and protect the market for your
cranberries.

"If you are looking for the bad.
there is plenty of it. The sales of
fresh cranberries have been going
down for years; increasing crops;
more severe competition for the
consumer's dollar; less money to
spend; and all kinds of ideas and
panaceas being offered which nev-
er have and never will work.
Growers hesitate when the com-
plete remedy is plain and within
their own reach.

"Too often men are influenced
by fear and imagination, but let us
cranberry men be made of sterner
stuff, let us remember that we
have good times and bad, but
properly managed the cranberry
grower can always make a reason-
able profit. Count your blessings,
consider your assets, marshal your
forces.

"The National Cranberry Asso-
ciation has 1,200 odd members.
These growers are united to sus-
tain this market and make the
cranberry industry what we set
out to make it years ago. a strong
and profitable investment, but a
few growers can destroy what
many are trying to build. We are
producing a food, and have a mor-
al responsibility to consumers.
Our Ocean Spray brand is in over
90'; of the retail stores in the
United States. We have main-
tained a $2.00 price and have sold
.350,000 cases since January, in
the face of the 10c retail price of
independent packed sauce.

"We have built and improved
our factories until today we can
process 600,000 barrels of berries.
We have freezers for more than
100,000 barrels, We have a de-

mand for our product every day
in the year throughout the whole
United States, which demand is
growing. We have put over suc-
cessful advertising campaigns, and
have found new uses for cran-
berries.

"We have an Executive Commit-
tee to fix cooperative policies. We
have developed the processing end
of our business in factory and in
market until we are prepared, if
grower managed, to handle any
quantity that increasing crops re-
quire.

"We have watched with increas-
ing concern the gradually declin-
ing and the continuous falling off
of the sale of fresh cranberries.
We have waited for several years
hoping that some arrangement
would be made by which all fresh
cranberries would be sold under
the Eatmor brand and the pro-
cessed cranberries under the Ocean
Spray brand. There are in the
two cooperatives nearly SO'r of
this crop, and the growers have it
within their power to have an or-
derly distribution and a mai'keting
situation where they can be of
great service to the consumer who
is our one and only consumer, and
at the same time, as the laborer
is worthy of his hire, we have the
means and the right to assure the
cranberry grower a legitimate
profit every year to intrigue him
to continue to assure a supply of
cranberries.

JET WELLS

If you are going to use
irrigation and need a wat-
er supply

CONSULT US!

We will look over your situ-
ation promptly, and without
obligation.

We install JET Wells

(A supt^rior method)

Fre-Flo Wells of N. E.

H. Trainor. Coventry. R. 1.

Phone COVENTRY 2982

Thirteen

"As a part of the marketing
program, we must have more cran-
berries sold fresh. We want two
ways to sell our crops. After wait-
ing these years in vain for the two
cooperatives to unite and have
one strong, rugged cooperative, we
have decided that we must get
behind the fresh market and build
it back again to the sale of 500,-
000 or 600,000 barrels fresh. In
1946 we felt out the market with
30,000 barrels. In 1947 we felt it
cut a little more with 52,000 bar-
rels. Now we have organized a
Fresh Cranberry Department and
placed a thoroughly able man at
the head of it, Russell Makepeace.
Our Board has allocated 200,000
barrels to be sold fresh this year.

"In marketing we must take in-
to consideration the future with a
10-year program, for these tem-
porary and unfavorable conditions
will soon pass away, and you again
will have, if properly handled, a
demand in excess of tht supply.
Therefore, the burden and the re-
sponsibility of the proper alloca-
tion of the crop between the two
ways of selling will be before our
growers, and we must not repeat
the jealousies, the selfishness, the
lack of intelligence in proper dis-
tribution of the crop to the great
advantage of the industry and
every grower in it.

"It is admitted that Ocean Spray
is the canned cranberry sauce of
great preference throughout the
United States, and it is generally

admitted that any other brand has
the greatest difficulty to enter the
field. We have 5,700 buyers who
are sold to the idea of Ocean
Spray for cannd goods.

"Because we left the sale of
fresh cranberries to the Exchange,
it has been heralded from the
house-tops for years that we are
opposed to the sale of fresh cran-
berries and interested only in the
sale of canned goods. Now we
sell fresh cranberries and these
dealers in fresh cranberries realize
they misjudged us and are happy
to realize that we are working
with them as well as with the
buyers of canned goods.

"The cranberry industry is safer
and better today than it ever has
been. True, there have been off-
shoots of too high prices for our
products, and too high prices for
bogs, but those are only the acci-
dents that occur when growers fail
to realize their responsibility
through a progressive cooperative.

"We may have to battle with
these low prices this year, but let
us pay no attention to passion,
avarice, or false propaganda, but
keep our minds and hearts solidly
on service to the members of the
National Cranberry Association,
and as long as they stand together
and more growers continue to join
with us, we can look forward to
greater advantages to ourselves
and serving consumers a better
sauce, and gradually lower prices
because of greater volume.

"On September 1, we should
have the equivalent of 2,000,000
cases of sauce. If a normal crop,
we may expect 400,000 barrels.
This is allocated 200,000 to be sold
fresh and 200,000 to ;. ^tanned, or
a total pack this year o/ 4,000,000
cases. We should carry over in
1949, 500,000 cases to be sold from
January 1 to August 31, leaving
3,500,000 cases to be sold up to
Dectmber 31, 1948.

"The factory cost of producing
this sauce should be less than in
1947. The sale price will of neces-
sity be influenced by the price of
this surplus of independent sauce
carried over from 1946 and 1947.
We should this year help others
sell this surplus so as to prevent
a pyramiding carry-over.

"We look to this year and the
future with confidence. The door
is always open for the Exchange
to cooperate with us. At their
invitation, we this year appointed
a committee to work with a com-
mittee appointed by the Exchange
to determine if some plan of mu-
tual collaboration is legally and
economically possible.

"In the meantime, there is no
objection to members of the Ex-
change to join NCA with their
processing berries, the orderly
packing and marketing of which is
the sure i-oad to an orderly market
for both fresh and canned cran-
berries."

At the close of his speech, Mr.
Urann asked all members to arise

Summer Suggestions:

SEPARATORS AND CARRIER EQUIPMENT

PUMPS — 7 in. to 20 in. Summer installation is the best.

ENGINES — Briggs & Stratton, 2-5 HP.
Wisconsin, 6 HP
Minneapolis — Moline, 20-50 HP

SCOOPS and SNAP MACHINES now available.

HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO.

E. C. St. Jacques WAREHAM 497.W

Fourteen

I

in resjDect to the memory of Frank
Clements, a grower and employee
of National Cranberry Association,
who recently passed away.

The treasurer's report was read
by J. C. Makepeace. Carl Miller
explained the financial report.
John M. Quarles, attorney for the
corporation, spoke upon the bank-
ing relations.

A delicious lobster salad lunch
was served.

In the afternoon, Gordon Mann,
sales manager, "Andy" Anderston.
Mid-West sales representative,
Charles L. Lewis, Miss Ellen Still-
man, director of publicity, and
others spoke.

Wisconsin's NCA Unit
Has New Building at
Wisconsin Rapids

Wisconsin cranberry growers
.vho are members of the Midwest
"ranberry Co-op (NCA) have set
ip quarters in their new building
it Wisconsin Rapids. Cornerstone
>f the structure was laid May 25.

In the cornerstone was a sealed
)ox which contained articles of
nterest to future generations of
ranberry growers. These includ-
d the Articles of Incorporation
.nd by-laws of the Midwest, list
>f members and officers, and a
hort history of the Co-op.

The new building contains a di-
rectors' meeting room, store room
and three offices which are to be
occupied by Leo Sorenson, manager
of the cooperative, Henry Bain,
Wisconsin Cranberry Specialist,
and a cranberry growers' frost
warning service. Also included in
the building is a laboratory with
greenhouse attached in which Mr.
Bain and Sorenson are at work in
research on cranberry growing.
The new building will give Wis-
consin NCA members for the first
time a center for their activities.

President M. L. Urann delivered

Dust Spray

b^ c4ircra^t

For fast, economical
service by operators who
know their flying.

For growers who know
their growing.

Three Straight-Wing
Dusters

One Sprayer

CAPE and ISLANDS
AIRWAYS, Inc.

WAREHAM AIRPORT

Tel. WAREHAM 1010

E. W. Goodhue Lumber Co.

EVERY TYPE of Lumber
for the CRANBERRY GROWER

Cedar, Spruce and Wolmanized Treated Fir

Quotations cheerfully given on all
Building Materials

Middleboro 1123

Telephone
No. Rochester 75

New Bedford 2-5076

a brief dedicatory address before
the 50 growers gathered for the
event, and Midwest President Hen-
ry F. Duckert read the honor roll
of members.

JARI POWER SCYTHE

Cuts weeds, grass, brush

Write for details

CALCO
Rainmaker

Portable Steel Pipe

Milorganite

Organic 6% Nitrogen Fertilizer

BETTER IRRIGATION

With

LESS
WATER

For Farm, On
and quickly i
Heavy duty
for long i
l*r lubr!cat*d|
quired. No
WMir cut. M4
buHen.

A Modil for
Every Ftvisv

or Trucli Gardwi, EatUy

Inted on any irrlgalioa fif.

|t< and bronio conttrvcllon

Sand and dirt proof. W*>

^arlngt— no oil or grtaio ro-

moving part* l»- rnWIy

num Mvorago^ovmr #inl«

^ BUCKNEft MANUFACTURING CO.ifm
msBkcIutoBo Av«„ Frou<k CkUtanift

BUCKNERSPRINHIFRS

Un WARHINOTON STREET
WIST NEWTON 60, tlASS.

Fifteen

"Giant" Insect
Control Program
In Massachusetts

This Was at the "Edaville"
Property of E. D. Atwood,
So. Carver — Staged by the
Massachusetts Fire War-
dens and Foresters Asoc-
iation. Cranberry Growers
Were Specially Invited —
Feature Was a Huge C-47
Airplane Spraying Dem-
onstration.

More than 500, including many
cranberry growers, witnessed a
demonstration of spraying- and
dusting of unusual magnitude at
the "Edaville" property of Ellis D.
Atwood at South Carver, Mass.,
July 7. This exhibition was put on
by the Massachusetts Tree War-
dens and Foresters Association at
its annual meeting, and the grow-
ers attended by invitation, as an-
nounced in CRANBERRIES last
month.

The feature of the day for the
cranberry men was probably the
demonstration of the huge C-47
airplane provided by the United
States Department of Agriculture.
This ship weighed in itself 1500
pounds and was capable of carry-
ing just under 1,000 pounds of ma-
terial.

There were three helicopters and
various types of ground blowers.
There were exhibits of insecticide
materials.

A feature of great interest to
the wardens and foresters was the
Edaville Railroad, which made a
number of trips around the five-
mile track system circling the
Atwood bogs. This 2-foot gauge
railroad was distinctly a novelty
to many of the men, as was also
the railroad station and the mam-
moth Atwood screenhouse.

An old-fashioned clambake was
put on at noon, bakemaster being
Norman Holmes of Carver, who is
an expert at this art. Three hun-
dred and fifty sat down to the
bake, which included everything,
lobster and all, which go with this
unique type of "feed."

The committee in charge in-
cluded one cranberry man, John
F. Shields of Osterville.

Mass. Cultivated
Blue Crop to be
Less than Normal

Troubles During the Winter
and the Excessive Rainfall
of Recent Weeks has Held
the Crop Back. — Picking
May start July 20th.

The growers of cultivated blue-
berries in Southeastern Massachu-
setts expect a lighter crop than
last year, and, in fact, a lighter
crop than normal. The berries on
July 9 were still light in color.
Picking usually starts from July
15th to the 20th, but this year
picking will probably not start
before the latter date.

The past winter was rather
tough on the blues and much rain

has held back the set of the fruit.
The rain was probably more re-
sponsible, however, than the win-
ter troubles.

New Jersey also has about one-
third less production than normal.
With this shortage in Massachu-
setts and the shortage in Jersey,

^iiiiiaiiiiiBiiiiiBiiiiiBiiiiiBiiniHiiiiaiiiiiBnHiBniiiBiih,

NEW GROWERS

COMING EVERY YEAR

KEEP IT UP

Quality - Service

Frost Insecticide Co.

Box 36
ARLINGTON 74

MASS

■IIIIBIIIIIBIIi''

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

17 Court St.
Plymouth, Mass.

BOG MANAGEMENT

T>U: Plymouth 1622
Kinciton 31*

If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will
pay you to see us.

A number of properties available, more wanted.

Cranberry Growers

Please do not wait until the hole is dug to order your flumes.
Prefabricated means we build them for you, you just install them.
Give us time to do your work.

Flumes — Prefabricated

Sliding Gate Reservoir Flumes — the kind that let you sleep on

frosty nights.

Dog-leg Reservoir Flumes — for Oxygen Enrichment.

Flashboard-type Lower Flumes — for close regulation of water

levels.

With Armco Pipe

Long Lengths — few joints — easy to handle.

Galvanized, asbestos bonded, completely coated, with a paved

bottom to take the wear.

And No Spiling

Instead, on short pipes, reservoir flumes, or where eels and
muskrats are bad, use a corrugated-iron seepwall collar, ex-
tending two feet above, below, and both sides of pipe.

Assembled in a few hours

Excavating and backfilling your chief problem.

No Settlement

Except as the whole dike settles, even on the softest bottom.

R. A. TRUFANT — Hydraulic Consultant

Tel. Carver 64-11 - Bog Railroads For Sale or Rent - North Carver, Mass.

Sixteen

Massachusetts growers were hop-
ing for a satisfactory price. It
was anticipated there would be no
difficulty in obtaining pickers.

A meeting of the Southeastern
Massachusetts Blueberry Growers'
Association is set for July 1-3, at
the plantation of Ernest Ma.xini in
Middleboro, when it is expecte;! a
more definite picture of prospects
would be obtained.

An Old Letter

The writer was Josiah Freeman
of Orleans, Massachusetts, prob-
ably the first grower in hat Cape
Cod town.)
Dear Sir:

I received yours of the 8th in-
stant and will proceed to answer
your questions:

"On what location do you prefer
to plant vines?"

I consider them rather a marine
plant and therefore should prefer
to plant them as near salt water
as possible and not have them
overflowed with salt water.

"What soil do you prefer?"

A wet, sandy soil, the whiter the
sand, the better. My reasons are.

there will be less grass to grow
to choke the cranberry vine and
the berry v;ill grow larger.

"What is your method of setting-
out — in hills or in drills?"
I have set them in hills and in

say

drills, and am not able to
which flourishes best.

"Do you flood?"

I do, where it is practical; it
protects the vines from the frost.

"Do you consider it a profitable

Set for Hail ?

It costs considerable money to raise a cranberry
crop and you can lose that investment the minute Hail
strikes — unless you have hail insurance.

Last year I brought the Hartford Fire Insurance
Co. Representatives to Massachusetts to make a sur-
vey in order to secure adequate coverage for your
bogs against Hail Storm Damage.

This is now a reality. I should like to talk over
the Hail problem with you.

CHESTER W. ROBBINS

Tel. Wareham 65

ONSET, MASS.

.. ^. -%l

fTiS-Ti

v-H^TK^irE^

Siiii&

West Coast
Growers

.... have
"discovered"

Perl-O-J^ain

But its L o w-C o s t
Sprinkling and Pure
Efficiency are helpful
everywhere.

Conserve water! Simplify handling! Irrigate with gentle rain whenever
you please. Quick and easy to handle. No complicated circular patterns of
application. Absolutely even coverage over a rectangular area.

Low Pressure! Less horsepower and no grief from high-pressure, high-
speed pumping. Every drop the same size, falling gently like rain.

Send for Rlustrated Folder and Free Layout Chart 1-E.

^ Per{-0-J^aln "

W. R. AMES COMPANY

150 Hooper Street, San Francisco, Calif.,
or 3905 E. Broadway, Tampa 5, Florida

Seventeen

THOMAS BROTHERS

General Contractors

MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

Tel. Middleboro 772

Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells
Transit Mix Concrete

Complete Line of Construction Equipment
Excavating - Grading - Hauling

Leave the Tough Jobs for Us
Our Experience is Your Guarantee

undertaking?"

I do if anyone has a proper
place. I have raised three bushes
of cranberries on one rod.
Respectfully,

Josiah Freeman.

An Old Letter

NEW BOG BUILDERS

WE SUGGEST YOU TAKE FULL ADVANTAGE

OF

LIGHTWEIGHT - PORTABILITY

and FAST COUPLING

OP

FLEX-0-SEAL PIPE

TO

GUARANTEE ESTABLISHMENT OF NEWLY SET BOGS

FOR FIRST TWO SEASONS

ONE LINE OF PIPE WILL SOAK DOWN
AN 80 FOOT STRIP EVERY TWO HOURS.

This line can then be easily moved by one man to new set-
ting and repeated. In this way a large acreage can be safely
developed by use of a single line of sprinklers and a cross header.

New bogs under four acres can receive this protection for
under a thousand dollars total. New Bogs five to ten acres would
run under sixteen hundred dollars — pumpers included.

This is not an expense but an investment,
as you have the equipment to move to other
new bogs, to transfer to other builders of
new bogs, or to use as a foundation for com-
plete frost protection and irrigation system
after first two seasons.

ENGINE PUMPING UNITS - PIPE - SPRINKLERS IN STOCK

We will be pleased to discuss Costs and Set-ups at No Obligation.

VE6-ACRE-FARMS -IRRIGATION DIVISION

FORESTDALE — CAPE COD, MASS. Phone Osterville 719

(Editor's Note: The following
is a letter written by Cyrus Ca-
hoon of Pleasant Lake, Mass., de-
veloper of the Early Black, to the
Rev. B. Eastwood of Dennis, who
in 1856 published "The Cianberry
and Its Cultivation." The date of
the letter is December 3):
Dear Sir:

1. My cranberries are grown on a
soil of peat muck and loose
beach sand (not common earth),
which I am convinced is the ele-
ment for cranberries to grow in.

2. I plant my cranberries in hills
eighteen inches apart, by mak-
ing a hole in the ground about
three inches in diameter, and ol
sufficient depth to receive the
root of the plants; then, after
placing the vines in their places.
I am careful to have them op-
ened, and the soil placed in such
a manner so as to spread the
hills all around to the sides ol
the hole that is made to receive
them, so that the hills after they
are set resemble a saucer placed
in the ground and partly filled
with earth. If they are set ir
a bunch in the middle of the
hole, and the soil placed or filled
in close around them it keeps
them too close or compact to dc
well.

My cranberries that I depend or
are surrounded by wood anc
brush, so that they are not ex-
posed to winds and are warm
such a situation, I think, is
much to be preferred to one thai
is bleak and cold.
I flood my premises at the timt
the worm makes its appearance
and at no other time.

Yours in great haste,

Cyrus Cahoon.

3

Motor trucks and tractors havil
replaced horses and petroleuffi
products have replaced enougll
oats, corn and hay to release somci
forty-four million acres of crop- *
land for market production sines i
World War I,

Eighteen

"There's Nothing-"

OLD CAPE COD RHUME

"There's nothing- to me in foreign
lands

Like the stuff that growes in Cape
Cod sands;

There's nothing in sailing of for-
eign seas

Equal to gelting down on your
knees

And pulling the pizen ivy out.

I guess I knew what I was about
When I put by my chai-t and glass
And took to growing cranberry
sass.

JULY INSECT MEETINGS
IN MASSACHUSETTS

Twilight meetings for Plymouth
County cranberry growers were
held July 12, Chippaway, Inc. bog
at East Freetown; July 13, State
Pog, East Wareham, 7 p. m.; July
14, Benjamin Ellis bog, Marshfield,
Route 39, 7 p. m.

These were primarilly fruitworm
meetings for egg count demonstra-
tion. Other insects were discussed,
however.

In Barnstable County fruitworm
clinics are being held.

Notes

A dusting demonstration was
held not too long ago under the
auspices of the Growers Cranberry
Company of New Jersey. Purpose
was to test the relative values o'f
various carriers for insecticides
and fungicides. Two hundred per-
sons witnessed the demonstration
which was at the Gaunt farm at
(Pemberton. They watched Ban-
croft clay, Phospho dust, mangan-
ese talc and gypsum used. The re-
sults were not decisive, writes
Walter Z. Fort in latest issue of
"Cranberry World", but says they
convinced many persons of the
value of dustinc; from the air.

Ralph Thacher, NESCO's man in

"Barnstable County, Massachusetts,

gave growers an example of alert

service. He flew to North Andover

to procure bees for a member.

Ads Paid Off

Writes C. M. Chaney in latest
issue of "Cranberry World":

Our consumer advertising cam-
paign on fresh Eatmor cranberries

started full blast the latter part of
October and by November first
there was conclusive evidence that
it was reallj' taking hold. I am
firmly of the ojjinion that our ad-
vertising paid good dividends last
season, not only to our members,
'cut to all growers who sold and
shipped on the fresh fruit market.
"An intensive advertising and
merchandising campaign has been
authorizezd by the members and
directors and is being prepared by
the management and our advertis-
ing agents. We have every reason
to believe this campaign will help

market a much larger percentage
of the 1948 crop through fresh
channels."

Speaking of summer insects, J.
Richard Beattie, Massachusetts
Extension Cranberry Specialist,
writes in a bulletin to Massachu-
setts growers under date of July 7
that there is another blanket con-
trol not outlined on the Blassachu-
setts Insect Control Chart, but
which is worthy of consideration
in Massachusetts. This is pro-
posed by Dr. H. J. Franklin and he
referred to the use of 50 pounds

I

Protects Cranguyma!

Protection^^^from
Frost and Drought

at Cranguyma Farms,

PHOTO COURTESY OF PORTLAND OREGON JOURNAL '•°"9 ^®°''^' ^'"*'-

SPREADING out in an impressive acreage in the great North-
west, Cranguyma Farms at Long Beach, Washington, represents
an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand-
ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000
Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall
whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica-
tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinklers. The distrib-
utor or dealer listed below will be pleased to furnish additional
information upon request.

PACIFIC COAST DISTRIBUTORS

R. M. WADE and CO. ARMCO DRAINAGE & STOUT IRRIGATION INC.
Portland, Oregon METAL PRODUCTS CO. Portland, Oregon

Portland, Oregon

EAST & MIDWEST DISTRIBUTORS

L. R. NELSON MFG. CO.
Peoria, Illinois

MASSACHUSETTS DEALERS

JOSEPH BRBCK & SONS IRRIGATION DIVISION VEGACRE FARM
85 State St., Bcston, Ma.s.s. Forestdale (Cape Cod), Mass.

RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CORP.

GLENDORA

CALIFORNIA

Nipet^pn

to the acre of a DDT dust which
should be applied about July 10
or a few days later. This tieat-
ment controls the second brood of
black-headed fireworm, bluntnosed
leafhoppers, and gets about 50 per-
cent of the fruitworm.

A Traveler
to Cape Cod

the next person he meets, he will
learn that these, to him singular-
looking specimens of farming, are
cranberry grounds.

There are many parts of this
great country v/here cranberries
are grown, but it is confessed on
all sides, that Cape Cod takes the

lead in this enterprise. Her few
growers have achieved a reputa-
tion for their fruit, which already
commands ready sales and the best
prices. This circumstance has of
late drawn attention to the grow-
ing of cranberries, as a money-
making undertaking; and cur-

If the traveler over Cape Cod
will now and then turn his eye to-
ward the borders of the many
ponds which abound in that region,
or occassionally examine the mar-
gin of swampy tracts, he will fre-
quently perceive patches, as they
are technically termed, of strange-
looking, and at first sight, a seem-
ingly-stunte'l vegetation, present-
ing very different appearances to
those exhibited by fields of stately
Indian corn; or tracts of farmland,
where the tall stacks of the rye
wave, and ears of wheat look gol-
den in the sunshine of summer.

A certain precision of planting,
and regularity of disposition, con-
vince even the most careless ob-
server, that these patches are by
no means unproductive.

And if he chooses to inquire of

The Forges Contractors, Inc.

WATER ST.

PLYMOUTH, MASS.

Tel. 1763

Cranberry Bog Building and Rebuilding

Power Shovels, Cranes, Clamshells

Draglines. Bulldozers and Trucks

Dealers in:

Prefabricated half and full circle "Whipple
Flumes".

New England Metal Culvert Co. Pipe.

XTter x\« J^e 1^

age

"KEEP SMILING"

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 740

Peter A. LeSage

YARMOUTH

Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries Tei. Barnstable i07

Twenty

ousity having orice been excited,
t is not likely to be allayed, until
:rowers in other parts of the states
pring up, and like their Cape Cod
irethren, succeed in making other-
vise unproductive tracts of land
)oth fruitful and a source of gain.
For at this moment there are
housands of acres of swampy and
andy places, in the great West

knd in the South, which by a little
labor can be converted into cran-
berry grounds.

(Editor's Note: A considerable part
of foregoing sounds as if it had been
written as of today. Yet it is a quota-
tion from the opening pages of the B.
Eastwood's boolt upon cranberries writ-
ten in 1856. The words also certainly

have a prophetic quality as \jo the
spread of cranberry culture.)

Chicken Vs. Cow

We Americans are eating 50 per
cent more chicken than we did ten
years ago. However, before the

Frederick V. Lawrence, Inc.

offers
CRANBERRY GROWERS
its services, backed by a
complete line of construc-
tion equipment for build-
ing or repairing of bogs,
flumes, pump wells.

SURVEYS AND QUOTATIONS
WITHOUT OBLIGATION

Main Office
FALMOUTH - Tel. 1800

Wareham 1180 - Hyannis 300

V77777M//y'///////M//,-/77WWMM/,/M

Bla«

PROTECT

'40

THIS YEAR'S PROMISE FOR

A

PROFITABLE

CRANBERRY CROP

Use Black Leaf 40 in accordance with State
recommendations for the control of
Blackheaded Fireworm Blunt-Nosed Leafhopper

Spittle Insect Red-Striped Fireworm

TOBACCO BY-PRODUCTS & CHEMICAL CORP.

Incorporated
LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY

Colley Cranberry
Company

SHIPPERS OF CAPE COD
CRANBERRIES

''SUITSUS" Brand

Plymouth, Mass.

Office
17 Court Street

Telephone
Plymouth 1622

Twenty-one

poultryman, or the farm wife who
depends on chickens for paying the
"incidentals," get too enthused, it
might be well to point out that the
average American consumer still
likes "red" meat better.

Recent studies indicate that each
person in this country consumes
about thirty pounds of chicken
each year. The consumption of
other meat is much higher, with
the typical consumer eating 154
pounds a year.

A representative of a leading-
chain of food stores stated recently
that this thirty-pound annual con-
sumption of poultry per person
could be increased fairly easily.
However, he says that every one
connected with poultry — the breed-
er, hatcheryman, producer and the
poultry processor v/ho prepares the
poultry for market — has a definite
part in giving the consumer poul-
try in such a way that more will
be consumed.

questions of visitors to the Mt. First, they prevent cross polina-

Carmel Experiniental Farm of the
Connecticut Aj.ricultural Experi-
ment Station. Grown between dif-
ferent corn breeding plots, the
sunflowers serve vhree purposes.

tion of the different com varieties.
They show surprising results inj
smothering weeds and they provide J
a good manure crop to be turned)
under. Dr. Donald F. Jones, chief;

THEY'RE PRETTY, TOO

Sunflowers, with some of the
plants growir.g as high as ten feet,
usually attract comments and

Cranberry Growers . . .

You value the sound, proven recommendations of
the East Wareham Cranberry Experiment Station in
growing your crops successfully.

Equally invaluable to you is sound, properly
written Insurance fitted specially to the needs of
Cranberry Growers.

E. A. Thacher of this firm will be happy to
discuss your requirements, and without charge or
obligation, prepare a survey of your property and
needs.

Brewer & Lord

INSURANCE
56 Batterymarch Street, Boston

Telephone: Hancock 60830

- rrrc

, Prevents /fotandTermifesi

Specify and be sure you get

CUPROLIGNUM

to Save Oosirv Renewals on Flumes
and ^eadgates

CUPROLIGNUM SHINGLE STAIN

For new clapboards, old stained or new shingles. Can be painted
over if desired.

CUPROLIGNUM COPPER BOTTOM PAINT

with the addition of Cuprolignum gives added resistance to bar-
nacles or teredoes by penetrating the wood cells, depositing toxics
which remain after paint film has completely disintegrated.

New England Representative

ROBERT S. CHASE

195 Marlboro Street Boston 16, Mass.

Manufacturers: RUDD PAINT & VARNISH CO., Seattle, Washington

Twenty -two

jneticist, says the sunflowers are ing out weeds, also, he says.

isier to grov.' than hay crops and
ipply as much organic matter as
lost any one of the hay crops,
hey do a remarkable job in shad-

He says that sunflowers can be
grown every four or five years to
provide a good supply of organic
matter. The practice at the Mt.

Save Priceless Water

BUY

PORTABLE OVERHEAD SYSTEMS
for
IRRIGATION AND FROST CONTROL

STEEL or ALUMINUM PIPE
Equipped with

McDowell steel couplings

There is no other similar or equal equipment
NO LATCHES NO HOOKS

bog.

Write or phone. Our local representative will call.

No charge for Design and Blueprints to suit your particular

LUNDQUIST CO., Inc.

TEL. PUTNAM (CONN.) 1917

WEST WOODSTOCK, CONN.

Carmel farm i.*^ to plant up to as
late as July 15 and to disk the
crop down before the seeds are
fully mature. After this disking,
the ground is usually seeded to
rye or rye grass.

N. C. A.
Cranberry Week

Definite date has been set for
"National Cranberry Week" as
October 18-23, by National Cran-
berry Association. This is being
sponsored by NCA, but according
to NCA officials it has been "op-

Let Us Handle

Your Power Needs

for Bog Pumps

International

and

Continental Red Seal

Industrial Engines

SALES and SERVICE

J. M. HACKETT

Tel. Rockland 1864
NO. HANOVER MASS.

Every Cranberry Grower

AIMS TO INCREASE HIS CROP; CONSEQUENTLY INCREASING THE SUPPLY OF
CRANBERRIES.

THEREFORE HE SHOULD STRIVE TO INCREASE THE DEMAND; TO BROADEN THE
MARKET.

There are only two ways to do this effectively:

BY NATIONAL ADVERTISING.

BY DISTRIBUTING SHIPMENTS SO AS TO SECURE
MARKET.

AND MAINTAIN A STABLE

An individual grower is helpless to attain either of these objectives; each demands CO-
OPERATION IN A LARGE WAY; the effectiveness of each will be increased by the complete-
ness of co-operation.

PROFITS AND VALUES OF CRANBERRY BOGS depend, therefore, on COMPLETE AND
SUCCESSFUL CO-OPERATION.

Every grower of good cranberries can fully participate in this important work by joining
at this time THE NEW ENGLAND CRANBERRY SALES COMPANY and THE AMERICAN
CRANBERRY EXCHANGE, strictlv cooperative, grower-controlled membership organizations
which have for over a generation carried on NATIONAL ADVERTISING AND ORDERLY
DISTRIBUTION OF CRANBERRIES.

New England Cranberry Sales Company

9 Station Street Middleboro, Mass.

Twenty-thres

ened" to the industry so that other
packers of cranberries and cran-
berry products may share in its
benefits.

If the program occurs as out-
lined by Miss Ellen Stillman of
NCA, it will be quite an event.
The object is to stimulate the sale
and use of cranberries.

Preceding the official "week",
there is planned a Cranberry Fes-
tival at Ellis D. Atwood's "Eda-
ville", South Carver. This, it is
hoped, will furnish material for
newspaper, radio and other pub-
licity. A "National Cranberry
Queen" will be chosen, this selec-
tion to be from a cranberry queen
previously elected to represent
each cranberry-growing state.

Publicity will be directed by a
professional publicity man of New
York City who has already been
engaged. As part of this program
are the following plans: news-
papers will be furnished with cran-
berry recipes and cranberry fea-
ture stories for use during "Cran-
berry Week"; state publicity bur-
eaus will be given material; trade
papers in the grocery and fresh
fruit industry will be given ma-
terial; magazines which are print-
ed several months in advance have
already been given material. Per-
sonal and mail contact is to be
made with chefs in hotels and
restaurants requesting the featur-
ing of cranberry dishes during that
week; an attempt will be made to
get national radio publicity that
week; cranberry recipes will be
furnished 1400 radio stations
throughout the country; mayors of
cities will be given gifts of cran-
berries and this presentation may
be televisioned in cities which have
television stations; cranberries will
be given away on radio programs
which have "give away" pro-
grams; Senators and Representa-
tives from all the cranberry states
will be asked for support; the
support of can manufacturers and
other allied industries will be re-

quested.

CRANBERRIES Magazine has
been asked to assist in locating
the cranberry grower in any area
who has been engaged in the cran-
berry business the longest number
of years. Many growers have been
busy at cranberries, from picking
and weeding as boys (or girls) for
a period of 40 years or more.

Also wanted is longest cranberry

bog worker in point of years

activity.

Both these individuals when
selected will be honored during
"Cranberry Week."

All readers are requested to send
in to CRANBERRIES their nomi-
nation (it may be the one) with
sufficient data to enable this se-
lection to be made. Choice will be
made by NCA.

EZZZZZQ

TTJTTWTmrrr^

TILLER MT/W

I Full horMpowar motor

9 Poiltlv* Ktlon, multl*

pl« dlio clirtch.
A Full klzMl */««l«ctriD

illoy iUil tlnat.

ARIENS COMPANY • BRILLION.WIS.

Twenty- four

Beaton's Distributing Agency

NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS
of

for over a quarter century
in United States and Canada

Warcham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 130 or 970

Are Americans Rich?

YES, THEY ARE RICH IN MANY THINGS.
ONE OF THEIR RICHES IS THE OPPORTUNITY
TO USE THE ADVANTAGES OF SUCH AN
EFFICIENT SERVANT AS ELECTRICITY.

Plymoufh County Electric Co.

WAREHAM

Tel. 200

PLYMOUTH
Tel. 1300

J^t i 4^ook at the J\ecord!

AVER a period of many years, Minot Food
Packers, Inc., have fully cooperated with
cranberry growers in their problems, and par-
ticularly as regards stabilizing the hiarket with
a "just price" for canned sauce.

VLTITH so much publicity as regards cut prices
on the 1947 crop pack of canned sauce,
even though we feel that it is not necessary
to assure our growers, nevertheless we
make public announcement that Minot Food
Packers, Inc. have not reduced prices, nor did
they offer any promises when quoting their
prices on Minot brand and Conway's brand of
Cranberry Sauce packed from 1947 crop berries
or 1946 crop befrieB.

QUR policy, at all times, is that the growers should receive
a "just price" for their cranberries and we, in turn, offer
the canned product at a "just price" to the distributors.

It will pay you DIVIDENDS to deal with

MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, INC.

BRIDGETON

NEW JERSEY

Represented by
BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY

WAREHAM, MASS.

OUTLOOK FOR 1948

Of course it is too early to give predictions about 1948, but these
facts stand out already :

1. Consumer incomes are still high.

2. Prices of other fruits are strong.

Therefore, we have no reason to believe that this will be a bad year
for selling fresh cranberries. For weeks now we have been visiting the
trade. The strong end to last season's fresh market should be helpful
in the marketing of the 1948 crop.

There are many factors which will be necessary to a successful
year — the right price, the right advertising, the right timing of sales.

That is our job.

.1

Also there are the factors which depend on the growers: good
keeping quality, good grading, good pack.

With all these factprs properly controlled there is no reason for
pessimism.

For strong, hopeful action in this year of fresh fruit sales, join with

the

The American Cranberry Exchange, Inc.

The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative
Agricultural Lie. No. 1

Marketers of

Eat m o r)
Cranberries

Chicago

New York

RVINC A $16,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY

APE COD
I^EW JERSEY
WISCONSIN
OREGON
WASHINGTON

CALVIN BURLEIGH ELDREDGE

(CRANBERRIES I'hoto)

30 Cents

August, 1948

4- — "-

SER VICE

... to be complete must be experienced, thorough, and dependable.
Whether it be sales for the fresh market, or for processing, or supplies
of every kind needed by the grower, we have the skilled organization,
the widespread facilities, and the lengthy experience that make ours a
truly complete Cooperative. You are invited to become a member of
this progressive Cooperative, the oldest in the Cranberry industry.

Growers Cranberry Company, Inc.

Oldest Cooperative in the Cranberry industry
Oldest agricultural Cooperative in New Jersey

PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY

It is NOW Only
A Short Time to Harvest.

The Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company gives its
Members the best of service always.

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

(A Cooperative)

/om wUlt JSCcA to build c4 (Bl^^er
Market for J6ig,g,er Crop^

Here are the publications in which NCA will tell the Ocean Spray
story this fall, in the largest and earliest advertising campaign in its
history.

To Consumers:

THIS WEEK
AMERICAN WEEKLY
WOMAN'S DAY
FAMILY CIRCLE
WOMAN'S HOME COMPANION
BETTER HOMES AND GARDENS
LADIES' HOME JOURNAL
GOOD HOUSEKEEPING
PARENTS' MAGAZINE
McCALL'S

WESTERN FAMILY
Plus a long list of daily newspapers.

To the Grocery Trade:

CHAIN STORE AGE

COOPERATIVE MERCHANDISER

FOOD TOPICS

PROGRESSIVE GROCER

SUPER MARKET MERCHANDISING

GROCER GRAPHIC

VOLUNTARY AND COOPERATIVE GROUPS MAGAZINE

FOOD TRADE NEWS

GROCER'S DIGEST

To Restaurants:

AMERICAN RESTAURANT MAGAZINE

To Home Economists:

WHAT'S NEW IN HOME ECONOMICS

These advertisements will make 100,000,000 impressions between
September and December .... creating a bigger-than-ever consumer de-
mand for your crops.

National Cranberry Association

The Growers' Cooperative

Branches at:

Hanson, Massachusetts North Harwich, Massachusetts Coquille, Oregon

Onset, Massachusetts Bordentown, New Jersey Markham, Washington

Plymouth, Massachusetts North Chicago, Illinois Long Beach, Washington

DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREHAM 162

S. C. M. Packard & Go.

Hardware — Locksmiths
For Maintenance Supplies

An Ad

in
CRANBERRIES
is your message
placed before the in-
dustry.

Extensive Experience in
ELECTRICAL WORK

At Scrvcnhouitts, Bofs and
Pumps Means Satis faction

ALFRED PAPPI

WAREHAM. MASS. T«l. <ae

USE DYNAMITE

The modern way to re-
move stumps, excavate
rocks, DIG CORES FOR
DIKES, and other blasting
work in cranberry growing.
Speeds up work — reduces costs.
CONSULT WITH US ON ANY
WORK YOU ARE PLANNING.
Trained by Hercules Powder Co.

ALTON J. SMITH

High St., Hanson, Mass.

Tel. Bryantville 297

Diesel Bulldozer

E. C. HOWES

WEST WAREHAM, MASS.
Tel. Wareham 405-W-2

Experienced in Bog Work

"CRANBERRIES"
ADVERTISING
PAYS BIG
DIVIDENDS!

Reasonable Rates
on Request

JET WELLS

If you are going to use
irrigation and need a wat-
er supply

CONSULT US!

We will look over your situ-
ation promptly, and without
obligation.

We install JET Wells

( A superior method )

Fre-Flo Wells of N. E.

H. Trainer, Coventry, R. I.

Phone COVENTRY 2982

Edwin K. Greer Co.

WAREHAM, MASS.
Est. 1891 Tel. Wareham 108

PIONEERS RETAILERS OF
BUILDING MATERIALS

CATERING To The CRANBERRY
INDUSTRY

LUMBER DRAIN PIPE

WOOD PRESERVERS BOLTS

TOOLS

H. R. Bailey Co.

South Carver
Massachusetts

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.
in stock

Morris April Bros.

Bridgeton - Tuckahoe
New Jersey

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

Wood
County
National
Bank

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

MCMBin FIOKRAL DBPO.IT
IN.URANCC CORPORATION

SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY

ADAMS & GOULD

Lumber Dealers

"Everything Under Cover"

East Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 648

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Paints - Hardware

Attention
Cranberry
Growers ! !

We have

Drain Pipe

Large Sized Terra Cotta

Makes a Permanent Installation

RALPH W. ELLIOT

Sandwich Rd., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 794

Mail Addrelt: Buzzarda Bay, RFD

Plumbinf and Haatinc Service

KROP-SAVER

brand

INSECTICIDES
FUNGICIDES

For the Cranberry Grower

CROP-SAVER
CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc.

3511 West Potomac Avenue
Chicago 51, niinois

Cape & Vineyard

Acushnet
Saw Mills Co.

Electric Company

Offices:

Chatham

Falmouth

GOOD
WOOD BOXES

Cranberry Growers

Order Harvest and

Shipping Boxes

Hyannis

Vineyard Haven

New Bedford, Mass.
Est. 1866

Eitabllihed 18««

Hall & Cole

Incorporated

Harvest

and

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

Shipping

94 Faneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON, MASS.

Boxes

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES
SPECIALTIES

Jesse A. Holmes & Son

Carver, Mass.

Car Lot Receivers

Tel. Carver 10-3

The National Bank of Wareham

Conveniently located for Cranberry men

Funds always available for sound loans

Complete Banking Service

Member Federal Deponit Insurance Corp.

Mass. Cranberry
Station and Field Notes

by J. RICHARD BEATTIE
Extension Cranberry Specialist

Summer finally arrived in Mas-
sachusetts and the cold, wet spring
of 1948 is almost forgotten. It is
surprising how a few good, bright
days can change one's outlook and
improve our general disposition —
at least that is one of Joe Kelley's
observations.

We won't discuss the prospect-
ive crop at this time, since grow-
ers will have C. D. Stevens' official
estimate by the time the August
issue of "CRANBERRIES" is read.
It is sufficient to say that the crop
in Massachusetts looks unusually
good. A few suggestions for the
pre-harvest season seem in order
at this time.

August can be a critical month.
Growers well remember what the
prolonged drought of last August
and September did to the crop.
Dr. Franklin is a firm believer in
irrigating bogs when they need it.
Dr. Chandler's experiments with
tensiometers in studying the move-
ment of water through the soil
should be very helpful in determin-
ing when to irrigate bogs. Bogs
should be irrigated before they
show damage by drought, accord-
ing to Dr. Franklin. It is a good
plan to raise the water in the
ditches up to approximately 10 in.
from the top of the bog's surface
during these dry periods. Of
course, this would be difficult with
many bogs that are out of grade,
but where water can be used in
this manner it is a sound practice.
If we have heavy rains, of course,
the water should be lowei'ed for a
few days and then raised again as
the occasion demands. The use of
overhead irrigation systems by
those who have them are also very
effective during periods of drought.
Dr. Franklin does not, however,
favor flash floods for irrigation
purposes. His experiences with
such floods have shown a marked

increase in fruit rot damage.

We have been fortunate so far
this year in having a rather mod-
erate insect year. So far, the dam-
age has been rather spotty. We
shouldn't expect too much trouble
for the remainder of the season.
However, there are two insects
that sometimes cause trouble dur-
ing August, but usually to a very
limited extent. Growers should
check their bogs carefully to deter-
mine their presence and check any
infestation before it develops. Dr.
Franklin refers . to the cranberry
flea beetle that is found in our
gardens. This is a small, black,
shiny insect and hops very actively
when disturbed. It feeds on the
leaves of the cranberry vines and
can cause severe damage when
present in large numbers. Dusting
with pyrethrum (using 1.2 pyreth-
rins or its equivalent in killing
power) at the rate of 60 lbs. per
acre is the control measure recom-
mended by Dr. Franklin. The sec-
ond insect is the fire beetle, which
is a small brown beetle approx-
imately Vb in. long, with inter-
rupted stripes along its wing cov-
ers. When abundant, this pest
will brown up the vines and cause
considerable damage. Spraying in
mid-August with 3 lbs. of lead
arsenate in a hundred gallons of
vv-ater at the rate of 300 gals, per
acre should control this pe^t.

Now just a word on weed con-
trol at this time of year. Dr.
Cross has found that loosestrife is
not killed quite so readily this late
in the season as expected, using
the 2,4D treatment. In fact, sev-
eral growers have reported rather
unsatisfactory control with this
treatment when loosestrife is in
the flowering stage, even with in-
creased concentrations of the chem-
ical. He recommends that the
2,4D treatment for this particular

weed might well be discontinued
for this season. However, picking
or mowing off the tops when it
isn't too abundant is still in order.
Next spring is the best time to
clean up this weed, using the kero-
sene treatment. Speaking of kero-
sene, Dr. Cross tells us that kero-
sene can still be used effectively
on new bogs (still in the hill stage)
where weeds are abundant on such
bogs. Be sure to pick as cool a
time as possible — preferably in the
early evening. Under such condi-
tions, 300 to 400 gals, per acre of
water-white kerosene should clean
up the grasses, sedges and rushes
without too much injury to the
vines.

If this crop materializes, boxes
may be a problem. It might be
well to check your supply and be
sure you have plenty of both pick-
ing and quarter-barrel boxes on
hand. Nails are very scarce, and
your manufacturer would appreci-
ate knowing your needs in oi'der
that he may make his plans. Pos-
sibly you have been postponing a
few repairs in the screenhouse,
waiting for a rainy day, but the
harvest period is just ahead and
maybe that loading platform
should be reinforced or the separ-
ator needs some adjustments. Let's
be ready before the rush of picking
is here. One final suggestion, even
if the temperature is nearly 90°
in the shade at the writing of this
article. It really requires some
imagination, but let's be sure that
we are prepared for the fall frost
season. August is a good time to
check that old pump and its in-
stallation and be prepared for
frost should it become necessary.
Best of luck for the harvest season.

BE A REGULAR
READER OF

CRANBERRIES

It's a good

Thought to subscribe

For your Foreman,

Too

Four

Issue of AuKUSt. 1948 — Vol. i:!. No. 4

Published monthly «t The Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Wareham. Massachusetts. Subscription. $3.00 per year.
Entered as second-class matter January 26. 1943. at the post-office at Wareham. Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879.

FRESH FROM THE FIELDS

Compiled by C. J. H.

MASSACHUSETTS

Bogs looked good as August be-
gan. They were green and beau-
tiful in appearance, but a large
crop did not seem in prospect, ac-
cording to several sources usually
competent in judgment.

The first days of July were
rainy, then the month was mostly
dry, total precipitation being 2.79
inches. The hottest day of the
month was July 11 with a temper-
ature of 91, the lowest was July
7th, with a temperature of 49.

On July 20th the Cranberry
Experiment Station sent out an
"attention" to cranberry growers.
This was to the effect that the
fruit worm situation was serious,
and the infestation was more se-
vere than had been previously
expected. Counts revealed, ac-
cording to the notice, that as many
as a third of the berries were in-
fected. The second brood of fire-
worm was hatching also. Blunt-
nose leaf hoppers were plentiful.
The Experiment Station recom-
mended a "blanket" control.

NEW JERSEY

The July daily mean temperature
at Pemberton was 74.4 degrees,
which is 1.6 degrees below normal.
Precipitation was just a trifle
above normal, namely, 4.50 inches
as compared with the average
monthly record of 4.22 inches.

On some bogs, appearances are
very favorable for a good crop,
even where the ice was not dropped
last winter.

Theodore Budd is doing some
good work with a long spray boom
patterned after a Wisconsin boom.
The boom is not too heavy for two

strong- men to caiTy and covers a
swathe 40 feet wide. Mr. Budd
feels that he is getting good uni-
form coverage with a great reduc-
tion in the amount of tramping on
the vines. With one boom he has
sprayed as much as 35 acres in one
day.

Stoddard Solvent is showing up
very well for control of loosestrife.

WASHINGTON

The Cranberry-Blueberry Exper-
iment Station at Long Beach held
its annual Field Day on Friday,
July 30th. There were over two
hundred growers present, including
several from as far away as Ban-
don, Oregon. There were about 80
growers present from the Gray-
land District.

The forenoon was spent at the
Experiment Station where there
was a discussion of the experiment-
al work being carried on at this
Station. At noon the crowd ad-
journed to the Long Beach Grange
Hall where a free lunch was served
to moi'e than two hundred people.
This was really a regular dinner,
with baked ham, scalloped pota-
toes, salad, and ice cream and cake
for dessert. Mrs. Marguerite
Glenn of Cranguyma Farms was
the chairman of the committee that
provided the refreshments. Her
assistants on the committee were
Mrs. R. W. Wearne, Mrs. Guido
Funke, and Mrs. Wilson Blair. In
addition she had the hearty co-
operation of a number of men and
women members of the Cranberry
Club, who helped to serve the
luncheon.

Visitors from the College includ-
ed Regent John W. Binps, Director

M. T. Buchanan, Juno Roberts,
Head of the Agricultural Engineer-
ing Division, William Johnson, As-
sistant in the Agricultural Engin-
eering Division, Dr. J. W. Kalkus,
Superintendent of the Western
Washington Experiment Station,
accompanied by Drs. E. P. Break-
ey, C. D. Schwartze, Karl Baur and
G. S. Batchelor.

Attending from southwestern
Oregon were Mr. and Mrs. L. M.
Kranick, Mr. and Mrs. Sumner
Fish, Mr. and Mrs. Jim Olson and
children, Mr. and Mrs. Lewis Mc-
George and daughter.

From Clatsop County, Oregon,
the following attended: County
Agent Gordon Hood, Jack Dellin-
ger, E. W. Anderson and son Eric,
Fred Roawens, and Mr. and Mrs.
Peter Haag.

The list from Grayland is so
large that it isn't possible to get
them all mentioned, but they cer-
tainly made a notevyforthy dele-
gation.

At the conclusion of the lunch-
eon talks were made by the fol-
lowing: Albert W. Sundberg, pres-
ident of the Long Beach Cranberry
Club, Director M. T. Buchanan,
Regent John H. Binns, Dr. J. W.
Kalkus, Dr. J. Harold Clarke and
D. J. Crowley.

The cornerstone of the new Ex-
periment Station building was laid
by County Commissioner Robert
Kirkman, representing the County
Commissioners of Pacific County.
He was followed with a talk by
Regene Binns, who thanked the
Commissioners for the property
which they deeded to the State
College.

Other items on the aftei'noon
program included a visit to Cran-

((Zontinue^ on Page 16)

Five

Fruiting- Characteristics of

The Searles Cranberry

By HENRY F. BAIN

Blooming and fruiting records
of the Searles variety on four
Wisconsin cranberry marshes, for
the seasons 1944 to 1947 inclusive,
are reported here.

Some of the data in tables 1 and
2 appeared in previous articles
(1, 2, 3), and the method of taking
the readings was described in de-
tail in one of them (1). Briefly,
the method consisted of making
counts of the various relations on
%th square-foot sample areas, us-
ually at 10 locations per section
(to a certain extent chosen at ran-
dom), and averaging the counts
and multiplying by four to obtain
the square-foot readings entered in
the tables (exceptions indicated in
footnotes to the tables). Beginning
in 1946, a square-foot hoop was
substituted for the original %th-
square-foot counting ring, and the
quarter most nearly representing
average vine and berry conditions
inside the hoop was counted. From
the same date, numbers of flowers
and berries borne on individual up-
rights were recorded, which neces-
sitated some changes in the form
of the table for the second two-
year period.

The Searles variety frequently
produces many small, weak branch-
es that may or may not eventually
develop into fruit-bearing up-
rights. Every leaf-bearing branch,
regardless of its size or probability
of future fruiting, was classified
as an "upright". For this i-eason,
the numbers of uprights per
rquare foot, as given, ran higher,
and the percentages which bloomed
nnd fruited ran lower, than if the
rniall branches had been disre
garded.

The arbitrary number of samples
counted was too small to complete-
ly cover variability in numbers of
uprights in the vines, and of fruit-
ing uprights in relation to the to-
tal stand. The resultant samplin.T:
error applies to figures in all cate-
gories derived from these two
measurements. In cases in which
section yields were obtained, a fair
nr-asure of the adequacy of samp-
ling may be gaiiied by comparing

the numbers of berries set per
square foot with subsequent yields,
and applying the rule-of-thumb
approximation that one berry per
square foot is equivalent to one
barrel of berries per acre (which
is reasonably close when berry
size is near 100 to the standard
half-pint counting cup). The ra-
tio, final yield to number of berries
set per square foot, varied from
39Sf to 86'f and averaged 52%
the first two years, and from 50%
to 909'f and averaged 71% the last
two years. (These percentages
would have been somewhat higher
if corrected for the undetermined
losses that occurred between the
times of sampling and the times of
measuring yields.)

"Average" figures in the tables
were weighted to equalize irreg-
ularities in numbers of samples
counted on some of the sections.

The period covered by the rec-
ords was characterized by such
great variation in weather condi-
tions, other crop hazards, and
yields, that it appears probable
that the production expectancy of
the variety was fairly well included
in the figures in the "Extremes"
columns. Values in the "Averages"
columns, however, merely repre-
sent the performance on the sec-
tions noted and for the particular
four-year period; average yields
are of course subject to variation
and are amenable to some degree
of grower control.

A summary of the essential fig-
ures in the large tables follows:

The "numbers of berries set per
blossoming upright" figure provides
an excellent index of fruiting re-
lations in vines. Depression of the
figure below 1.00 is positive ev-
idence of damage of some sort.
Most of the low readings recoi'ded
in the tables resulted from water
injury.

The cui ves in figure 1 show the
interrelations between numbers of
uprights fruiting, percentage of
flowers setting fruit, and percent-
age of uprights fruiting, as the
numbers of berries set per square
foot (i. e., indicated yields) pro-
gressively increased. To prevent
frequent crossing of curves and to
keep the ilimensions of the chart
within bounds, it was necessary to
adopt the awkward system of bas-
ing the curves at different levels
and to use diff'erent scales as need-
ed to flatten them to compai-able
degrees.

The two "uprights blooming"
curves (numbers and percentages)!
followed the yield curve rather
closely in its upward course across
the chart. In two cases out of
the 26 samples (nos. 6 and 13),
considerably more uprights than
usual bloomed in relation to ber-
ries set (see "numbers of up-
rights blooming" curve); in bothi
there were sharp dips in the flow-
er-set curve, indicating that poor
set was responsible for the devi-
ations; reference to table 1 shows
that both samples were taken in
vines having water injury. Like-
wise, two of the three lesser devi- j1
ations (samples 16, 19, 21) were I
accompanied by poor set, and the r-
third (no. 16) was conditioned by I
the small number of flowers per i
upright resulting from water in-
jury (see table 2). The last three
samples on the curves represented
exceptional growth conditions in
local "heavy-crop" areas; numbers
of flowers were unusually high,
resulting partly from abnormally
high numbers of uprights bloom-
ing, partly from the numbers of
blossoms per upright; the percent-
age set held at high levels; the
cumulative effect was to inci'ease
yields in I'elation to numbers of
uprights fruiting.

The flower-set curve had greater
extremes than the two uprights-
blooming curves, but at the same
time it tended to follow a horizon-
tal course across the chart. The |

(Continued on Pa^e 20)

Total number of uprights per square foot Average,

Number of uprights blooming per square fool Average,

% of uprights blooming , Average,

Total number of flowers per square foot Average,

Number of berries set per square foot Average,

" of blossoms setting Average,

451; range, 705, 308

121; range, 352, 46

27; range, 66, 14

300; range, 1128, 55

109; range, 484, 43 I

37; range, 85, 9

Numbers of flowers per blossoming upright Average, 2.45; range, 3.50, 1.19

Numbers of berries set per blossoming upright Average, 0.90; range, 1.66,0.22

/lumbers of berries set per fruiting upright Average, 1.25; range, 1.77,1.03

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ISSUE OF AUGUST, 1948
Vol. 13 No. 4

O Z^''*^'^'^''^^

AGRICULTURE'S GAIN

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS

TF the presidential candidate of the Re-
publican party, Thomas E. Dewey, pres-
ent governor of the State of New York, is
elected, agriculture in general will have a
President who is genuinely interested in
agriculture. A president who owns and
operates a large farm, run on a strictly
commercial basis, should have the under-
standing of all farming problems — prob-
lems including costs of machinery, soil and
seed problems, and marketing problems.
A president who during the Republican
convention went on record as favoring the
farmer co-operatives will be welcome.

Agriculture in general or the individual
farmer does not expect or want more gifts
from his government or more restrictions.
And he does not want controls placed upon
other groups so that the agi'icultural group
may profit. But he does want an intelli-
gent and constructive program. When sur-
pluses arise he wants the matter handled
sensibly with least harm possible.

In short, cranberry growers and all
farmers would welcome a government
agricultural program which would be an
assistance rather than a burden.

A MERICA is still the country where there
- is freedom of thought and action. It
should be the hope of all good Americans
that this will continue. In fact, it is their
duty to see that it does. We can still agree
with the song Kate Smith made famous.
"God Bless America."

THE picking of a fruit, such as blueber-
ries, vegetables, or even flowers eases
mind from the troubles of the world. The
sound of a lawn sprinkler is soothing. To
those who love the growing of things there
is peace in this troubled world.

WEEDING

A deep, green carpet, criss-crossed by
ditches, lies the bog.

Its borders dikes of yellow sand with wil-
lows by

The black, dead reservoir. For weeks we
weed on hands

Subscription $3.00 per year
Advertising rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS
Wisconsin

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington— Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY
Cranberry Specialist
Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK
Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station

East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station

Pemberton, New Jersey

And sensitive knees in dark, sharp vines;

the sun is hot;
Our backs are stiff ; in our nostrils the

breeze and pungent smell
Of juices of weeds, which stain our hands

and make the cuts
And scratches smart. Rising from sleep

'neath pines and stars.
Carefree we note the dragon flies and sing,

discuss
All things, and question, puzzle, search.

The summer gone.
Browned, broader in frame, we know our-
selves, each other more ;
Most prized, the feel of the soil, our lasting

heritage.

The above is a poem submitted by Kathryn A. Trufant
(sister of Russell A. Trufant, North Carver, Massachusetts).

Nine

KENDRICK WELLS

(CRANBERRIES Thiito)

Ten

C. J. Hall, "Craneriy Magazine", Wareham, Mass., Janes R. Moore, "Ohio Farm Bureau News", Columbus, Ohio,
Governor Dewey, and Bert Livingston, "Florida Grower", Tampa, Fla.

Photo courtesy Agricultural Advertising & Research, Inc.

Your editor, Clarence J. Hall,
was honored by being a guest of
New York State Governor Thomas
E. Dewey, Republican nominee for
the United States presidency, at
Pawling, New York, July 24, along
with about 75 other editors of farm
publications from all over the
country. Also attending from the
cranberry industry was "Bob"
Kornfeld, editor of the "Cran-
berry World", New York City.

The meeting was called to dis-
cuss the agricultural problems of
the country, particularly to stim-
ulate the production of meat, poul-
try and livestock products to
achieve a stabilizzed agriculture
and to provide Americans with the
kind of diet they want.

The meeting opened at 12. "O at
the Pawling Grange hall, with the
Governor welcoming the editors,
newspaper and magazine reporters
and others. A bountiful country-
style luncheon was served, with
delicious baked ham as the main
dish. Following the luncheon, the
Governor set an example by taking
off his coat and asking all others
to do likewise, as he said it was to
be a "shirt-sleeve" conference,
with no formality. His guests
were more than pleased to comply,
as the day was definitely hot.

Attending the discussion were
Senator George D. Aiken of Ver-
mont, acting chairman on the Sen-
ate Committee of Agriculture,
Representative Clifford R, Hope of

Kansas, chairman of the corres-
ponding House committee; Dean
William Meyer of the Cornell Col-
lege of Agriculture, and Dean Wil-
liam Hagan of the Cornell School
of Veterinary Medicine.

Price Controls Discussed

The Governor earnestly solicited
advice from the assembled editors
in devising new programs for
meeting agricultural needs, and he
said that the huge grain crop in
prospect gave a sound basis for re-
adjustment, if handled properly.
There was much discussion as to
the restoration of price controls
and subsidies. Some editors fav-
ored the return of this Govern-
ment control. Others did not.

(Continued on Page 16)

Eleven

Francis K. Kendrick Plans
Eventual Sprinkler System
For Bogs Which Have
Been "Dry" for 70 Years
or More.

A Cape Grower Brings Water

To His Bogs by Driven Wells

the grass around the shores. Cape
growers of not many years ago
would have been mowing them by
hand. But methods change, even
in the more remote sections of old
Cape Cod, where cranberry culture
began.

There being no brooks or
streams to dam, no pond to tap,
Mr. Kendrick decided the only way
to get an adequate water supply
was to drive some wells. He drove
12 wells 14 ft. deep to where they
reached spring water supply. The
pipe driven is 2" with three foot
strainers, 10 feet apart and 10'
either side of the main line, mak-
ing a well area of 10 by 20. Inci-
dentally, he says if he was doing
the job over again he would double
the size of pipe and strainers. He
uses a Chrysler pump, purchased
from OCD surplus, made available
through William H. Richards, Veg-
Acre Farm, Forestdale, Mass. The
pump gives a supply of about 400
gallons a minute.

So far, he has used the outfit for
winter flooding of one bog, which
he can accomplish in about 20
hours. By beginning early in the
morning he can cover a portion
of the bogs with a partial frost
protection — full ditches and a little
into the vines in about 12 hours,
or in time generally for the arrival
of frost.

His discharge pipe is one of four
inches and from this the water is
turned directly into one of the
bogs. His pipe is of the coupled
irrigation pipe.

The ultimate goal of Mr. Ken-
drick is a sprinkler system, when
the wells can be operated to a
great (leal more advantage. He
plans to supplement this well bed
with two other systems of wells
lower down in his chain of bogs.

As mentioned before, this bog is
located in a rather isolated section
of the Cape, even though not far
from main highways. It is sur-
rounded by small, steep hills and
as the interview was in progress
Mr. Kendrick pointed to the sky,
where an eagle was hovering. Five
of these noble birds apparently
have their nests in the vicinity of

One of the first Massachusetts
growers to have come to the con-
clusion that if you do not have any
surface water available for frost
or winter flowage, the thing to dt
is to do something about it, is
Francis K. Kendrick of East Har-
wich. In doing something to rem-
edy the situation, he has driven 12
wells on his bogside. With this
he can now get a degree of winter
coverage and frost protection.
His eventual goal is a sprinkler
system, supplied by this water
source.

Mr. Kendrick has only been a
grower the past two years. Prior
to that he was a commercial fish-
erman, operating fish weirs off
Cha^am, going out to tend them
from Harwichport. A heart diffi-
culty compelled him to do less
strenuous work and he took on
cranberry growing.

He now owns about 16 acres of
bog, in various parts of East Har-
wich. The bog, or rather series
of small bog units, on which he is
installing the well system, com-
prises 8 acres, about half a mile
from salt water, off^ Kendrick road
at East Harwich. These bogs are
old properties which Kendrick
bought from the late Carroll Nick-
erson, built by the latter's father,
Warren J. Nickerson, 70 or so
years ago. Mr. Kendrick has in
his possession deeds dated 100
years ago, which tell of "splitting
up" a heavy cedar swamp which
was the location of the bogs. The
bogs were presumably started
some few years after that.

These bogs, long and narrow in
shape, are set to Early Blacks and
Howes. Weedy, grassy, and rath-
er neglected when he acquired
them, Mr. Kendrick is attempting
their renovation into firs-tclass
properties. He is doing a good
deal of the work himself, and when
a representative of CRANBER-
RIES called upon him he was op-
erating a power scythe, mowing

the bog, he said, as they often wing
about overhead.

All of which goes to show, if this
article has a moral, is that pro-
gress and modern methods are
coming into effect even among
smaller growers in lonely location,
and that an old Cape bog which
has been strictly a "dry" one for
something like three-quarters of a
century will eventually have win-
ter flowage and frost protection.

Mr. Kendrick is a member of
NCA and of the Lower Cape Cod
Cranberry Club.

Ground-Water
Resources
of Cape Cod

by HENRY N. HALBERG

EDITOR'S NOTE:

The article "Ground-Water Re-
sources of Cape Cod, Massachusetts"
was presented before the Cape Cranberry
Club in Harwich last March. The auth-
or, Henry H. Hallberg. is engineer in
charge U. S. Geological Survey, Boston,
Mass. Lack of space has prevented this
article appearing in an earlier issue.

Geograph & Geology of Cape Cod

Some of the most prominent
features of New England present
topography and geology are the
result of glaciation. About 100,
000 years ago during the Great
Ice Age, knovi'n to geologists as
the Pleistocene epoch, this section
of the country was overridden by
ice sheets which had their source
around Laborador and Hudson
Bay. As the ice sheets moved
southward over New England they
planed down the rocks and soils i
and picked up the loose materials,
carrying them forward to be de-
posied later as filling in old rock
valleys such as the Connecticut
Valley. In central and northern
New England the general topog-
raphy was not changed much; but
in eastern Massachusetts and
Rhode Island it was changed con-
siderably in many places, owing to
the filling of the pre-glacial bed-
rock valleys and deposition of hills
of material known as moraines and
drumlins.

Cape Cod is part of what is
called the Atlantic Coastal Plain.
It is underlain by interbedded
sands and clays of Cretaceous
age, which are much older than
the glacial deposits, though much

Twelve

^fiad CRA^'SERRY GROWERS, INC.

WISCONSIN RAPIDS . WISCONSIN

^%e^e*tt^ , .

FOR THE 1 948 SEASON

CRANBERRIES

This institution is a sales organization prepared to market
cranberries for growers for the 1948 and successive seasons.

Inquiry is invited from growers.

Cranberry Growers, Inc. believes that every cranberry grower
has a responsibility to the industry to promote and advertise
cranberries to encourage adequate consumption. We shall do

our snare

CHARLES A. WALMANN
Sales Manager

CRANBERRY GROWERS, Inc.

WISCONSIN RAPIDS« WISCONSIN

B. C. BRAZcAU, President
(Cenlicl Cronbe.iy Co.)

G. A. GETZIN, Vice President
(Ge)zin Cranberry Co.)

RICHARD S. BRAZEAU, Sec*y
(R. S. Brozeou Company)

TELo 848

WM. F. HUFFMAN, Treoiwrer
(Wm. F. Hvffmon Farms, Inc.)

younger than the New Bedford
bed-rock upon whose seaward-
sloping surface tliey rest. The
surface of the Cretaceous sedi-
ments was hundreds of feet below
the present sea level during the
glacial epoch and the glaciers
overrode this low area and dropped
their loads of "Glacial" material,
building up the Cape to its pres-
ent level. The old bedrock be-
neath the Cretacious sediments is
at an unknown depth, but is at
least several hundred feet below
the surface. A well put down in
Provincetown was drilled 420 to
450 feet without hitting bedrock.
Near Woods Hole a seismic survey
indicated bedrock to be almost 300
feet below the surface.

In the Cape Cod area the last of
the glaciers reached a line as far
south as Martha's Vineyard and
Nantucket, and probably eastward
into the Atlantic, before its ad-
vance stopped. The ice then re-
treated, dropping a part of its
load on the islands. It stopped
again on the Cape in its retreat
and formed a moraine or ridge-like
deposit of glacial drift. The prom-
inent range of hills on the south
side of Cape Cod Bay, that is,
along the north side of the Cape
from Sandwich to Orleans, and the
hills on the east side of Buzzards
Bay are moraines formed this way.
Such hills are formed when the
ice melts as fast as it advances,
so that its forward edge occupies
the same position for a time and

the debris carried by the ice is de-
posited in a narrow ridge instead
of a broad plain. The material in
the moraines is called till. It is
composed of an unsorted hetero-
geneous mixture of boulders, sand,
gravel, silt, and clay.

East of the ridge of hills along
the east side of Buzzards Bay and
south of the ridge of hills along
the north side of the Cape is a
plain of outwash material called
the Mashpee Pitted Plain. Out-
wash sediments are deposited by
melt waters flowing from the ice,
in this case from the ice as it was
forming the two moraines. The
running water sorts the materials
and lays them down in beds of
silt, clay, sand, and gravel — the
finer sands, silt, and clay traveling
the greatest distances.

Another similar area is the land
between the hills on the north side
of the Cape and Cape Cod Bay.
Also, just north of the Canal, is
another outwash plain, extending
from Sagamore to Wareham and
north about as far as Long Pond.
Northeast of here, toward Ply-
mouth, are hills of till made up of
unsorted material similar to the
other moraines.

Ground Water
Source and Occurrence

The source of most ground wat-
er is rain or snow falling upon the
land surface. Some of it is evap-
orated again or is used by plants
and returned to the atmosphere.
Some of it runs off into bodies of

surface water. The remainder is
absorbed by the soil and seeps
down through a belt of incomplete-
ly saturated soil and rock material
known as the zone of saturation,
where it moves slowly to some
spring or seep at a lower eleva-
tion. This zone of saturation is
the main body of ground water
from which water can be drawn.
Its upper surface, where not con-
fined under pressure by a clay bed,
is known as the water table and is
the level at which water will stand
in wells tapping the zone of satur-
ation. A water-table bed is, there-
fore, one in which the upper sur-
face is not confined by an imper-
meable stratum, such as clay, and
the water in it is received by per-
colation from the land surface.
Most of the ground water on Cape
Cod is found in this type of bed.

In some places a body of ground
water is "perched" on a loc-al im-
pervious stratum above the water
table which separates it from the
main body of gi-ound water. In
this case a "perched" water table
exists, which will be at a different
elevation from the main water
table.

In some places the upper surface
of a water-bearing bed is in contact
with a confining impermeable
stratum which separates this low-
er water-bearing bed from the
water table bed above. This low-
er, or artesian, bed does not re-
ceive its water by vertical perco-
lation from the surface, but by

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lateral percolation from some point
of higher elevation which may be
at some distance away where the
artesian bed comes to the surface
or is not confined by the impervious
stratum. Artesian wells are those
which tap this type of bed. Their
water level generally stands at
different elevations than the water
level in wells tapping the water-
table bed above. If the point of
intake of the water in the artesian
bed is sufficiently high above that
of the wall, the water can flow out
of the well. The Cretaceous beds
underlying the glacial deposits on
Cape Cod probably contain good
v.ater-bearing strata.

(Continued next month)

J. W. Darlington

The cranberry industry suffered
a great loss in the death of Joseph
White Darlington, Sunday, August
14th. He was killed while flying
his own plane near Whitesbog,
New Jersey. No details of the
fatality are known as this issue
goes to press, except that memor-
ial services will be held at the

FOR SALE— 323 acres virgin
bog land. Located on Pacific
Ocean — Vancouver Island, Brit-
ish Columbia. 90 acres cleared,
remainder light timber. Inquir-
ies invited % this magazine.

home of t)r. Emlen P. Darlington,
New Lisbon, N. J., Thursday, Aug.
20, at 2 p. m.

Fourth Generation
Cranberry Grower

Calvin Burleigh, son of Calvin
Clement Eldredge and Mary (At-
kins) Eldredge, is one of the in-
dustry's youngest growers and has
one of the longest lines of cran-
berry men behind him.

The cranberry tradition descends
through the maternal side, and
Alvin Cahoon, one of the Cape's
pioneer growers around 1840, is
his great-great-grandfather. Jos-
eph N. Atkins, who was a sea cap-
tain as well as bog owner in the
1880s, is his great-grandfather,
and Joseph B. Atkins, a grower
from boyhood to the present time,
is his grandfather. Calvin's moth-
er and father are growers.

Brought up in Harwich, where
many of the Cape's bogs are lo-
cated, all of the various aspects of
cranberry culture are second na-
ture to Calvin. He was graduated
Irom Bristol County Agricultural
School at Segregansett. A general
course of four years included work
with soils, fruits and horticulture.
This study is splendid preparation
for his chosen work. An added
interest is his ability to speak be-
fore the public. Calvin has spoken

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY

WISCONSIN RAPIDS, WIS.

Cranberry Consultant on any

Cranberry Problem,
either Scientific or Practical.

Laying out New Marshes a Specialty.

Complete Marsh Management

and Supervision by year

can be arranged if desired.

B. S. - M. S.

University of Wisconsin

at a county, contest held at Am-
herst State College, also at
Grange meetings, and before the
Lower Cape Cranberry Club at
Orleans.

Nineteen years old and through
school, his grandfather gave him
10 to 15 acres of producing bog
called the "Punkhorn" bog. This
is planted to Howes and Matthews,
and has full flowage from a mill
pond.

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Fifteen

Gov. Dewey

(Continued from Pa£e 1 1 )

Probably the consensus of opinion
was that Government should stay
out of the farm picture, except for
research, crop reporting, and other
activities which do not limit the
free initiative of farmers.

Following this two-hour confer-
ence, Governor Dewey invited the
group to visit his farm, a few
miles from Pawling Center, in the
beautiful hills of rolling Dutchess
County. Here, on the lawn. Gov-
ernor Dewey informally discussed
his own farm activities. He said
his entire estate, which is at an
altitude of 850 feet in the foothills
of the Catskills, comprises about
300 acres, of which 250 are worked
as an actual farm, this year chiefly
rye, wheat and grass for the about
100 head of cows he maintains.
He said the farm was constructed
strictly as a commercial farm, and
he had the same problems of me-
chanical equipment, labor, costs of
fertilizers and other materials to
consider as did any other farmer.

He said the house which he oc-
cupies on the farm (a most com-
medious and beautiful dwelling)
was approximately 150 years old
and was originally built by a "Qua-
ker" farmer. He said he also
operates parcels of land on adjoin-
ing property, one of these being at
"Purgatory Hill", where General
Washington spent considerable
time during the War of the Rev-
olution. He said this farm was his
"home," as it was here he came to
"contemplate."

After this informal discussion
he personally conducted the group
through his cow barns, where his
herd was being mechanically
milked, and to other points of in-
terest on the farm. The confer-
ence broke up at about five o'clock,
his guests returning by chartered
busses or private cars to New York
City, Poughkeepsie or the Dutchess
County Airport.

This was said to be the first
time the presidential nominee of a
major party has seen fit to invite
in editors of farm publications to
freely express their views on the
agricultural situation of the nation
before election — that in the event
of his being elected he would have
this advice as a background upon

agricultural problems, agriculture
being necessarily, he said, "the
cornerstone of this or any other
nation."

Fresh from the Fields

(Continued (rem Page 5)

guyma Farms where an inspection
was made of their irrigation sys-
tem and the rhododendron work
being carried on at their green-
houses. A visit to the Newkirk-

Chabot development proved very
interesting to the growers, who
were impressed with the labor-
saving machinery used in grading
and levelling the new ground
which they are preparing for
planting.

OREGON

By ETHEL M. KRANICK
The Southwestern Oregon Cran-
berry Club begun its preliminary

THOMAS BROTHERS
General Contractors

MIDDLEBORO, MASS.
Tel. Middleboro 772

Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells
Transit Mix Concrete

Complete Line of Construction Equipment
Excavating - Grading - Hauling

Leave the Tough Jobs for Us
Our Experience is Your Guarantee

!S5!BraE3

Cranberry Growers

Please do not wait until the hole is dug to order your flumes.
Prefabricated means we build them for you, you just install them.
Give us time to do your work.

Flumes — Prefabricated

Sliding Gate Reservoir Flumes — the kind that let you sleep on
frosty nights.

Dog-leg Reservoir Flumes — for Oxygen Enrichment.
Flashboard-type Lower Flumes — for close regulation of water

levels.

With Armco Pipe

Long Lengths — few joints — easy to handle.

Galvanized, asbestos bonded, completely coated, with a paved

bottom to take the wear.

And No Spiling

Instead, on short pipes, reservoir flumes, or where eels and
muskrats are bad, use a corrugated-iron seepwall collar, ex-
tending two feet above, below, and both sides of pipe.

Assembled in a few hours

Excavating and backfilling your chief problem.

No Settlement

Except as the whole dike settles, even on the softest bottom.

R. A. TRUFANT — Hydraulic Consultant

Tel. Carver 64-11 - Bog Railroads For Sale or Rent - North Carver, Mass.

SixtecB

advertising campaign for the fall
Cranberry Festival on July 4th at
Bandon. A big booth was built at
the city park by officers of the
Cranberry Club and its members.
Ray Bates, president of the Coos
Co-op, assisted Jim Olson, presi-
dent of the Cranberry Club, in
working out the details of a Cran-
berry Pie and Cranberry Ice Cream
booth.

Sumner Fish made large attrac-
tive signs for the booth, built at
the juncture of two roads at the
city park, Mrs. Jack Windhurst,
Mrs. Rose Erickson and Mrs. Jerry
AUenger were responsible for the
special decorations. Pies were
made for the event by wives of the
cranberry growers from frozen
cranberries and the return from
the sale of the pies is to be used
to sponsor a candidate for queen
of the fall festival. The cranberry
ice cream was the work of a local
manufacturer.

The day was perfect and large
crowds gathered to enjoy the hos-
pitality of Bandon's fish fry. Hun-
dreds were attracted to the cran-
berry booth and the demand for
cranberry pie and ice cream was
far beyond the wildest expectations
of those who planned the event to
advertise the Cranberry festival.
Next festival is expected to far
surpass the initial event of last
year.

Oregon's cranberry crop is three
to four weeks later than last year.
Rain for June and July was under
the normal and growers will have
to do mors irrigation on their
fields. Dry winds have been hard
on new plantings. Some growers
are letting poverty grass grow to
protect their vines from sand blast
whipped up by the wind, while
others are planting vines thick

MATHEWS
CONVEYOR
and
TRACK

Frost Insecticide Co.

Box .36
ARLINGTON, 74

.MASS.

and keeping weeds out altogether.
More fertilizers are being used
on western marshes than ever be-
fore. This causes a heavy \'ine
gi-owth and berries of doubtful
keeping- quality. It will take sev-
eral years to determine the out-
come of this practice on the in-
dustry as a whole. Most growers
are inclined to believe that cran-

berries, like all fruit crops, need
the addition of plant food to keep
up high production.

Oregon crop appears to be nor-
mal at this time. Bud set was not
complete on the 15th of July and
many areas are spotty with frost
damage. There is some spray
damage on a few of the marshes
which cuts production. No insect

WHAT'S IN A BOX?

There's more to a cranberry box than meets the
eye, for the original cost and the amount of ser-
vice you get for that cost together are what
really decide the value of the box. B. H. Cole
and Co. has been established since 1707 and
long years of experience have made it possible
for us to give you the best return for your cran-
berry box dollar.

B. H. Cole & Co., Inc.

FRANK H. COLE. Pres.

North Carver, Mass.

Seventren

damage of any consequence has produce just as many berries as
been reported. Bandon area may usual, due to many new bogs com-

Save Priceless Water

BUY
PORTABLE OVERHEAD SYSTEMS
for
IRRIGATION AND FROST CONTROL

STEEL or ALUMINUM PIPE
Equipped with

McDowell steel couplings

There is no other similar or equal equipment
NO LATCHES NO HOOKS

Write or phone. Our local representative will call.

No charge for Design and Blueprints to suit your particular

bog.

LUNDQUIST CO., Inc.

TEL. PUTNAM (CONN.) 1917

WEST WOODSTOCK, CONN.

Diesel Water Pumping Units

Buda and Hercules 100 H.P. Diesel
Pumping Units — 1,000 g.p.m. — 280 ft.
head, manufactured in 1944 and used
only as standby fire protection. Oper-
ators with a large volume of water
to pump will find that these units will
do it at lowest cost for fuel and ser-
vicing. These are the finest pumping
units built.

Specifications and prices on request.

Veg-Acre Farms - Irrigation Division

CAPE COD

FORESTDALE, MASS.

ing into production on a small
scale.

Mr. and Mrs. H. M. Kranick
have purchased the Urann bog
south of Bandon. They are giving
the bog excellent care and it is
beginning to be a beautiful prop-
erty. The Kranicks expect to get
some crop from this property this
year. Next year they plan to in-
stall sprinkler irrigation and frost
protection.

Nev7 Wisconsin
Group Hires
New Salesman

Wisconsin Rapids, Wis. — Charles
A. Walmann of Delafield, Wis.,,
has been appointed sales manager
of the newly-organized Cranberry
Growers, Incorporated, a cranberry
sales and marketing organization,
it is announced by Bernard C. Bra-
zeau, president of the organization,
Walmann will be in charge of
sales and merchandising of all
cranberries and cranberry prod-
ucts produced by the new organiz-
ation. He is now in Wisconsin
Rapids, where his headquarters
and residence will be, and has as-
sumed the duties of this position.

Just prior to his association withi
Cranberry Growers, Incorporated,
Walmann was Northwest district
manager for the Hills Brothers
company, a large foqd processing

{:i||hte«n

li

packing- firm, with headquarters m
New York, which packs under the
Dromedary brand. Included in the
Hills line are cranberry produ.^ts
and Walmann is experienced in
sales merchandising of nol only
cranberries but a wide variety of
foods, which qualifies him for his
new assignment.

Before his association w.'th Hills
Brothers, Wahiiann was territory
manager for the A. E. Staley com-
pany, Decatur, mai,ufactur..'rs of
food nrcducts, and prior to that he
^•as on the sales staff of Pi"ribury
Flour Mills company, Minneapolis.
Through these associations he ha^.
a wide acquaintani'oship in chs food
manufacturing and distributirig
fields. He is 40 years of age, mar-
ried, and the father of three chil-
dren, one daughter, six, and tw>.
sons three years of age. In recent
years he has made his residence
at Delafield.

In making the announcemcn:; of
the appointment of Walmanr:. Bra-
zeau stated: "We are pleased to
announce Mr. Walmann's appoint-
ment as sales manager of our or-
ganization, as he comes to us v.itli
a fine background in food sales and
merchandising, and we are ceitaiii
that he will prove to be a real as-
set in the cranberry industiy in
general and our company in par-
tic-ular, and will become a valuable
citizen to this community."

While here, making final ai-
rangements for his connection with
Cranberry Growers, Incorporated,
Walmann said, "I am highly
pleased to be associated with Cran-
berry Growers, Incorporated and
the men who compose it. The pro-
gressive merchandising principles
of the organization appeal to me,
and I shall look forward to a long
and happy association in the cran-

berry industry, which is so im- which I am privileged to make a
portant to the fine community in home for my family."

Let Us Handle

Your Power Needs

for Bog Pumps

International

and

Continental Red Seal

Industrial Engines

SALES and SERVICE

J. M. HACKEH

Tel. Rockland 1864
NO. HANOVER MASS.

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

17 Court St.
Plymouth, Mass.

BOG MANAGEMENT

Tcls: Plymouth 1623
Kinrston 319

If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will
pay you to see us.

A number of properties available, more wanted.

i

Protects Cranguymal

ProvideV

Protect ior^^/fron

Frost and Drought

at Cranguymo Farms,

PHOTO COURTESY OF PORTLAND OREGON JOURNAL '■°"9 Beach, Wash.

OPREADING out in an impressive acreage in the great North-
west, Cranguyma Farms at Long Beach, Washington, represents
an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand-
ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000
Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall
whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica-
tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinklers. The distrib-
utor or dealer listed below will be pleased to furnish additional
information upon request.

PACIFIC COAST DISTRIBUTORS

R. M. WADE and CO. ARMCO DRAINAGE & STOUT IRRIGATION INC
Portland. Oregon METAL PRODUCTS CO. Portland, Oregon

Portland, Oregon

EAST & MIDWEST DISTRIBUTORS

L.. R. NELSON MFG. CO.
Peoria, Illinois

MASSACHUSETTS DEALERS

JOSEPH BRECK & SONS IRRIGATION DIVISION VEGACRE FARM
85 State St., Boston, Mass. Forestdale (Cape Cod), Mass.

RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CORP.

GLENDORA

CALIFORNIA

Nineteen

NECSCO Holds
Monthly Meeting

The Executive Committee of the
New England Cranberry Sales
Company held its monthly meeting
on Monday, August 2nd, at the
clerk's farm in Lakeville.

Following the supper which pre-
ceded the meeting, the committee
considered and acted upon the vari-
ous matters as presented.

Report was made that the Aerial
Survey of bogs had been completed
and that pictures were nearly ready
for distribution to members.

Samples of cellophane bags to be
used this season were distributed
and approved.

Other matters relative to the
program and policies of the Com-
pany were individually acted upon,
and mention was made of the
American Institute of Cooperation
meeting to be held at Amherst on
August 30th.

The clerk reported that several
applications for membership had
been received during the past
month.

Report of these monthly meet-
ings is to be submitted to the Board

of Directors at a meeting to be
called the latter part of August.

Searles Cranberry

(Continued from Page 6)

two minimum points on this curve
(poorest set, samples 6 and 13)
were mentioned as representing
readings in water-injured areas.

It is significant that the two maxi-
mum points (samples 22, 23) like-
wise represented areas that were
severely damaged by water (see
table 2); the remarkably high set
in these vines was attributed
largely to honeybee activity (2).
The third highest percentage set
(sample 24) occurred in heavier

The Forges Contractors, Inc.

WATER ST.

PLYMOUTH, MASS.

Tel. 1763

Cranberry Bog Building and Rebuilding

Power Shovels, Cranes, Clamshells

Draglines. Bulldozers and Trucks

Dealers in:

Prefabricated half and full circle "Whipple

Flumes".

New England Metal Culvert Co. Pipe.

JUter ±\m -Lie 1^

age

44

KEEP SMILING"

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 740

Peter A. LeSage

YARMOUTH

Distributor of Cape Ck)d Cranberries Tei. Bamstabie i07

Twenty

bloom on one of the same sections
the following year, where honey-
bees were again extremely active.
Except for the five extreme cases
just mentioned, the flower set var-
ied rather uniformly between 25%
and oCr. Only two of the 10 sam-
ples having 150 or more berries
per square foot had sets lower
than 40 9r.

F

REDERICK

V.L

AWRENCE

INCORPORATED

•

READY-MIXED CONCRETE

SAND— GRAVEL

CONCRETE BLOCKS

ROAD BUILDING

EXCAVATING

DRIVEWAY CONSTRUCTION

3 MODERN PLANTS

2 BUILDING MATERIAL
STORES

•

MAIN OFFICE

FALMOUTH 1800

Wareham 1180 Hyannis 1900

The inference appears inescap-
able that the size of crop, as mea-
sured by numbers of berries set,
was strongly influenced by the
numbers of uprights blooming,
which in turn depended on autumn
"fruit-bud set". Exceptions were
almost invariably associated with
injuries that affected dormant
fruit buds or fruiting uprights
before bloom, detectable as soon as
they occurred, or with unusually
poor set of the bloom which as a
rule occurred in conjunction with
water injury. Occasional fruit
buds that had been killed before
coming to bloom were encoun1>
ered, but the numbers were negli-
gible except where directly trace-
able to water or frost injury.

Determination of losses of ber-
ries after setting was not at-
tempted. From general observa-
tion, however, it may be safely
stated that total losses from in-
sects and diseases were on defi-
nitely lower planes than those
caused by water injury (the first
three years) and frost injury
(chiefly in 1947).

A word may be added regarding
the density of stand of uprights.

While the general trend was for
yields to increase with increasing
numbers of blooming uprights, no
samples were taken in areas hav-
ing "excessive" vine growth.
Vines in this condition character-
istically bloom heavily, but set
poorly. The "high population"
samples cited in the tables verged
on the excessive-growth state, but
probably because of exceptionally
favorable pollination relations,
chanced to set well. These select-
ed samples probably cannot be
safely interpreted in terms of op-
timum numbers of uprights per
unit area under normal pollination
conditions.

Summary: Records made un-
der a wide variety of field condi-
tions indicated that the Searles
cranberry in Wisconsin infi-equent-
ly produces flowers on more than
50 Sr of the uprights, but that un-
der favorable conditions at least
35% may be expected to bloom.
On good soil reasonably free from
weed growth, upwards of 400 up-
rights are produced on a square
foot; in most seasons 140 or more
are likely to set fruit buds in the
autumn, and to bloom the follow-

CoUey Cranberry
Company

SHIPPERS OF CAPE COD
CRANBERRIES

SUITSUS'' Brand

Plymouth, Mass.

Office
17 Court Street

Telephone
Plymouth 1622

Twenty-one

A STATEMENT

The New England Cranberry Sales Company has consistently recognized the im-
portance of allocation of the cranberry crops.

Its members were among the first to cooperate in Canning Contracts and Purchase
of Stock in the Canning Cooperative and during the past ten years have made several
changes in their methods and policies to encourage the processing of cranberries.

When National allocation of the cranberry crop was first discussed the Board of
Directors requested its Canning Committee to make a recommendation with reference
to this question.

Three meetings of the Committee were held and a report was made to the Board
of Directors on June 29, 1945, and a Special Meeting of the Members of the Sales
Company was held in Carver Town Hall on August 17, 1945 to discuss this report which

read as follows:

"The Canning Committee of the New England Cranberry Sales Company recom-
mends that for the season of 1945 some allocation of the cranberry crop marketed by
the Cooperative interests be made as between supplies for the fresh market and supplies
for processing purposes.

After reviewing all available statistics of the Cranberry crops for the past five
years and other figures relative to the disposition of the crops of those years it is fur-
ther recommended by this committee that for the season of 1945 the crop to be marketed
by the Cooperative interests be allocated on the basis of 40% for processing purposes
and 60% for sales on the fresh market.

To arrive at the basis of such allocation it is recommended that a tabulation be
made of the estimated crops for the season of 1945 on or before August 1st, such tab-
ulation to embrace the crops of all members of the American Cranberry ii,.i.change
(through the State Companies); the crops of the United Cape Cod Cranberiy Ci-mpany
and its associated interests; all uf the Makepeace Company's interests; all uther mem-
bers of Cranberry Canners, Inc., including the Pacific Coast Division, and an estimate
of prospecti.e purchases of all interested parties; such tabulation to be reported
through the offices of the American Cranberry Exchange and Cranberry Canners, Inc.

It is further recommended that monthly reports of deliveries be tabulated and
distributed to participating parties and on or about December 1st a review of the dis-
position of the crop be made and necessary adjustment.^ in percentages be consum-
mated, under the direction of the Committee of Eight."

Approval of the report was made by a unanimous vote.

A copy of the report was sent to the Secretary and to all members of the Cranberry
Industry Committee, so called, whose members were then considering the question.

The offer was apparently rejected, as the Sales Company was not favored with an
acknowledgement.

New England Cranberry Sales Company

9 Station Street Middleboro, Mass.

Twenty-two

ing year if not killed in the mean-
time. Blossoming uprights usual-
ly have 3 or 4 flowers if individual
flower buds are not injured after
being laid down in the autumn,
and an average of between one

and 1% berries when pollination
conditions are favorable. In the
counts recorded here, the sequence
of favorable relations necessary to
consummate the indicated set of
150-plus berries per square foot

Cranberry Growers . . .

You value the sound, proven recommendations of
the East Wareham Cranberry Experiment Station in
growing your crops successfully.

Equally invaluable to you is sound, properly
written Insurance fitted specially to the needs of
Cranberry Growers.

E. A. Thacher of this firm vnll be happy to
discuss your requirements, and without charge or
obligation, prepare a survey of your property and
needs.

Brewer & Lord

INSURANCE
56 Batterymarch Street, Boston

Telephone: Hancock 60830

occurred only occasionally. The
counts were helpful in pointing to
the causes of losses.
References:

(1). — Bain. Henry F. Blooming and
fruiting habits of the cranberry in Wis-
consin. CRANBERRIES, vol. 10. no. 9,
P. 11, 14. Jan. 1946.

(2). — Ditto. Wisconsin'3 1945 and
1946 cranberry crops. CRANBERRIES.
vol. 12. no. 4:8-11. Aug. 1947: vol. 12,
no. 5:8-11. Sept. 1947.

(3). — Farrar. C. L., and Henry F.
Bain : Honeybees as pollinators of the
cranberry. CRANBERRIES, vol. 11, no.
9:6-7. 22-23. Jan. 1947.

Figure 1. — Curves plotted from data
in tables 1 and 2, arranged in order of
increasing number of berries set per
square foot (yields).

Table 1. — Fruit Set per Square Foot
in Searles Cranberry Vines. 1944 and
1945.

Table 2. — Fruit Set per Square Foot
in Searles Cranberry Vines, 1946 and
1947.

Drought and
Quality Berries

The following is a report of the
"Committee on Keeping Quality",
of the New England Cranberry
Sales Company as it appeared on
the monthly calendar issued by
that co-op. The committee con-
sists of Russell A. Trufant, chair-
man, George E. Short and Joseph
L. Kelley.

• rr/^f^\,^^^^

A

Prevents RotdndJemifesf ^

Specify and he sure you get

CUPROLIGNUM

to Save Costly Renewals on Flumes
and Headgates

CUPROLIGNUM SHINGLE STAIN

For new clapboards, old stained or new shingles. Can be painted
over if desired.

CUPROLIGNUM COPPER BOTTOM PAINT

with the addition of Cuprolignum gives added resistance to bar-
nacles or teredoes by penetrating the wood cells, depositing toxics
which remain after paint film has completely disintegrated.

New England Representative

ROBERT S. CHASE

195 Marlboro Street Boston 16, Mass.

Manufacturers: RUDD PAINT & VARNISH CO., Seattle, Washington

Twenty-lhre«

"The iiext thing will be August
Drought. This is an overheating
and over-drying of the fruit. It
weakens the berry so that it be-
comes the prey of minor ills and
infections which would not affect
a sound berry. This was the cause
of most of our quality ti'ouble last
Fall. The remedy is, of course,
water — in the right place, in the
right way, at the right time.

"Under heat and drought condi-
tions, it takes an enormous quan-
tity of water to keep the vines from
drying up. This water has to be
where the roots can get it. In a
bog underlain with sand or gravel,
with a minimum of peat, holding
the ditches high will usually get
the water to the roots. As the
depth of peat increases, it is more
difficult. Many of our bogs have
a heavy, deep peat bottom which
water passes through very, very
slowly. Some experiments show
that the effect of high ditch water
reaches only very few feet away
from the ditch.

"Here and there there may be
a bog so level that the sand can be
flash-flooded at night just enough
to wet all the sand without drown-
ing any berries. On the majority
of bogs, you would lose as many
berries by drowning as you save
from drought. So between early
bloom and the coloring of the ber-
ries, this is very dangerous. And
that is just the period we are in-
terested in.

"The ideal answer to August
Drought seems to be controlled
sprinkling. Unless you can kee.)
your ditches filled in a dry time
with assurance that the high ditch-
water will reach the middle of the
sections, it is the best remedy.
It does not necessarily require a
complete permanent sprinkling sys-
tem to cover the whole bog at one
time. A single run of pipe with a
few spray heads can be shifted
about to get full coverage. Charge
the berries you walk on against
the saving over a permanent in-

stallation. Dr. Chandler is now
doing some work with tensiomet-
ers, devices for indicating the mois-
ture conditions in the soil. We
hope that in a season or two he
can tell us that when the device
shows a figure of so-and-so, it is
time to start the sprinklers. Mean-
while, if the sand is dry over half
an inch down, it is probably time
to do something about it.

Dr. Franklin reports that moist
sand, in addition to furnishing
the needed moisture for the vines,
actually lowers the temperature
in the vine zone by several de-
grees, through evaporation. So
proper moisture control is a de-
fense against both heat and
drought. This is the next step in
securing quality in the berries we
ship."

EZZZZZS

wi:iN}i-^nrr^

TILLER MT/m

# Fulf hor»*p«w«r mator
A SUndird two tpMdt—

farwani and ra»af«a.
9 Paiitlva actlan. multi-

pladlu clutch.^
A Full iliad */tal«ctiH«
^ alloy ataal tinas.

ARIENS COMPANY • BRILLION.WIS.

Beaton's Distributing Agency

NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS
of

Co/ie tod Q^cudeAAiu

for over a quarter century
in United States and Canada

Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 130 or 970

Get It RIGHT !

ELECTRICITY is Efficient

Every month in the year.

Plymouth County Electric Co.

WAREHAM

Tel. 200

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 1300

Twenty- four

J^t A U^ook at the J\ecord!

AVER a period of many years, Minot Food
Packers, Inc., have fully cooperated with
cranberry growers in their probl?m=!, and par-
ticularly as regards stabilizing the market with
a "just price" for canned sauce.

WITH so much publicity as regards cut prices
on the 1947 crop pack of canned sauce,
even though we feel that it is not necessary
to assure our growers, nevertheless we
make public announcement that Minot Food
Packers, Inc. have not reduced prices, nor did
they offer any promises when quoting their
prices on Minot brand and Conway's brand of
Cranberry Sauce packed from 1947 crop berries
or 1946 crop berries.

AUR policy, at all times, is that the growers should receive
a "just price" for their cranberries and we, in turn, offer
the canned product at a "just price" to the distributors.

It will pay you DIVIDENDS to deal with

MIN-OT FOOD PACKERS, INC.

BRIDGETON

NEW JERSEY

Represented by
BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY

WAREHAM, MASS.

PLANNING TO SELL YOUR CROP FRESH

THIS YEAR ?

Then here are FOUR valuable hints,

1. Watch keeping quality

2. Be sure to order boxes in plenty of time.

3. Sort, grade and pack with care

4. Ship through the American Cranberry Exchange

Good quality berries, well sorted, packed and shipped to the right
place at the right time — that is what buyers expect of the American
Cranberry Exchange. Why not join in with us and ship to the markets
we have built up and expanded over 51 years?

The name EATMOR on your berries this year, as last year, should
mean premium returns for you. Outlets for hundreds of cars can't be
built up overnight. So join the cranberry growers cooperative — for
profit, as well as for the ever-increasing service offered by our State
companies.

The American Cranberry Exchange, Inc.

The Cranberry Growers' CooperaUve
U. S. Department of Agriculture License No. 1

Marketers of

Eatmor
Cranberries

Chicago

New York

RVINC A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY

\'^

^^T\OHAL CRANBERRY M>|(J;l7,y^^

APE COD
ilYI JERSEY
WISCONSIN
OREGON
WASHINGTON

30 Cents

r^i>;

''^fifiih

'(i^

A YOUNG GI SMILES CONFIDENTLY.

(Story Page 19)

(CRANBERRIES Photo)

September, 1948

What's in store for you,
Success or Failure?

In most cases your destiny is in your own hands. You eitlier make or break

yourself.

There is a way to overcome it and that is to become a member of this excellent
Cooperative and relieve yourself of all the worries of marketing your berries, just asi
the great majority of New Jersey growers are doing.

We suggest paying us a visit and permit us to explain our plan of operation. How-
ever, if you can't come in, use the mails, or better still, phone us. It will pay you to do
so.

Growers Cranberry Company, Inc.

Oldest Cooperative in the Cranberry industry
Oldest agricultural Cooperative in New Jersey

PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY

Wisconsin Celebrating!

The State of Wisconsin is celebrating its 100th year of progress and
prosperity.

The Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company is celebrating its 42nd year of
leadership, progress, and prosperity in the cranberry industry.

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

(A Cooperative)

foin wltk Js[Cc4 to build c4 £i^^er

Market /or (Big.g,er Crop^

MUCH OF OCEAN SPRAY'S
ADVERTISING THIS FALL WILL
CENTER AROUND THE OCEAN
SPRAY BRAND . . IN FRESH AND
PROCESSED CRANBERRIES.

Surveys have proved that Ocean
Spray is the brand that moves.

The past few years have proved
that Ocean Spray is the brand that
dealers want to handle — and con-
sumers want to buy.

NCA's biggest-of-all advertising
campaign will mean bigger-than-
ever sales for Ocean Spray this fall
. . . and a good market for cranberry
growers' crops.

fe

W Whole

' CRANBERRY SAUpE

National Cranberry Association

The Growers' Cooperative

Branehes at:

Hanson, Massachusetts North Harwich, Massachusetts Coquille, Oregon

Onset, Massachusetts Bordentown, New Jersey Markham, Washington

Plymouth, Massachusetts North Chicago, Illinois Long Beach, Washington

DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREHAM 162

S. C. M. Packard & Go.

Hardware — Locksmiths
For Maintenance Supplies

An Ad

in
CRANBERRIES
is your message
placed before the in-
dustry.

Extensive Experience in
ELECTRICAL WORK

At Scre«nhous«s, Bogu and
Pumpa Means Satisfaction

ALFRED PAPPI

WAREHAM, MASS. Tal. Me

USE DYNAMITE

The modern way to re-
move stumps, excavate
rocks, DIG CORES FOR
DIKES, and other blasting
work in cranberry growing.
Speeds up work — reduces costs.
CONSULT WITH US ON ANY
WORK YOU ARE PLANNING.
Trained by Hercules Powder Co.

ALTON J. SMITH

High St., Hanson, Mass.

Tel. Bryantville 297

Cranberries

MAGAZ1NE--

Circulating
Monthly Through
the Cranberry
Industry-
is
the Medium
Through Which to
Reach
The Cranberry
Growers

ADS can be news, too

AN AD IN

CRANBERRIES
Magazine

IS AN ADVERTISER'S

BEST METHOD OF
GETTING HIS "NEWS"
BEFORE THE INDUSTRY

Edwin K. Greer Co.

WAREHAM, MASS.
Est. 1891 Tel. Wareham 108

PIONEERS RETAILERS OF
BUILDING MATERIALS

CATERING To The CRANBERRY
INDUSTRY

LUMBER DRAIN PIPE

WOOD PRESERVERS BOLTS

TOOLS

H. R. Bailey Co.

South Carver
Massachusetts

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.
in stock

Morris April Bros.

Bridgeton - Tuckahoe

New Jersey

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

Wood
County
National
Bank

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

MEMBER PKDCRAL DKPOSIT
INSURANCE CORPORATION

SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY

ADAMS & GOULD

Lumber Dealers

"Everything Under Cover"

East Wareham, Mm88.

Tel. Wareham 648

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Paints - Hardware

Cape & Vineyard
Electric Company

Officea:

Chatham

Falmouth
Hyannis

Vineyard Haven

Acushnet
Saw Mills Co.

GOOD
WOOD BOXES

Cranberry Growers

Order Harvest and

Shipping Boxes

New Bedford, Mass.

Est. 1866

Attention
Cranberry
Growers ! !

We have

Drain Pipe

Large Sized Terra Cotta
Makes a Permanent Installation

RALPH W. ELLIOT

Sandwich Rd., Wareham, Mass.

Ttl. W««ham 794

M*il Address: Buzzards Bay, RFD

Plumbing and Hsatinff Servica

latabllshad 1141

Hall & Cole

Incorporatad

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

94 Faneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON, MASS.

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES
SPECIALTIES

Car Lot Receivers

Harvest

and

Shipping
Boxes

Jesse A. Holmes & Son

Carver, Mass.
Tel. Carver 10-3

(ROP-SAVER

brand

INSECTICIDES
FUNG CIDES

For the Cranberry Grower

CROP-SAVER
CHEMICAL COMPANY Inc

The National Ba

Conveniently located

nk of Wareham

for Cranberry men

Funds always availa

ble for sound loans

Complete Bar

iking Service

3511 West Potomac Avenue
Chicago 51, niinoi*

Member Feds

ral Deposit Insurance Corp.

Mass. Cranberry
Station and Field Notes

by J. RICHARD BEATTIE
Extension Cranberry SpecialisJ

Probably the less said about the
disastrous August heat wave the
better. However, just for the rec-
ord, if pre-cooked cranberries have
any commercial value, Massachu-
setts growers are in the market.
The extent of damage will not be
known for some time, but, as of
September 3, the loss from sun
scald is placed at approximately
lO'r. Temperatures reached 107°
on the upland near the bog at the
Cranberry Station, Friday after-
noon, August 27, which is the
highest ever i-ecorded, according to
Dr. Franklin.

Now for a few suggestions for
the early fall season. No doubt
most growers received the an-
nouncement of the fall radio frost
service sent out by County Agent
"Joe" Brown. It was merely co-
incidental that it reached growers
at the height of the heat wave.
The radio schedule is the same as
for last spring; namely, frost
warnings will be broadcasted over
Station WEEI, Boston, 590K., at
2.29 p. m. and at 8.59 p. ni., when-
ever frosts are e.xpected. The
telephone frost warning service
offered by the Cape Cod Cranberry
Growers' Association will function
as usual. If there are growers
who wish to subscribe to this ser-
vice, they should contact Miss
Thelma Laukka, Assistant Treas-
urer of the Cape Cod Cranberry
Growers' Association, here at the
Cranberry Station.

Dr. Franklin strongly urges
growers to flood their bogs immed-
iately after harvest for approxi-
mately one week. This should be
done if water is available, whether
or not the floats are picked. We
might refer to this as a fall clean-
up flood. The purpose is to rid the
bog of as much of the harmful
trash as possible, which otherwise
collects on the bogs, causing the

vines to smother and die. Appar-
ently, the airplane-propeller-type
float boat is the most suitable for
this type of work, according to
Dr. Franklin.

If the cranberry girdler is a
problem, growers are reminded that
the fall flood to control this pest
is a highly recommended practice.
It generally isn't necessary to
flood for the girdler oftener than
evei'y other year. However, if
girdlers are abundant and growers
have a good crop of Howes that
haven't been picked. Dr. Franklin
suggests flooding the bog for a
week, beginning approximately
September 15 through the 26th, as
recommended on the chart.

Another fall task is checking the
bogs for the fungous disease
known as Fairy Ring. Control
measures for this particular di-
sease are not outlined on the Insect
and Disease Chart. The disease is
recognizzed as those unsightly cir-
cular areas of dead or dying vines
that may range from a few feet
to several rods in diameter. Dr.
H. F. Bergman recommends the
copper sulphate treatment, using
10 lbs. of copper sulphate crystals
dissolved in 100 gals, of water, ap-
plying 1 gal. to a square foot of
bog. Be sure to treat' approx-
imately 3 ft. outside the infested
area and 2 ft. inside the circle.

The subject of fall fertilization
is worthy of the growers' consider-
ation. There is considerable re-
search work necessary before defi-
nite practices can be recommended,
according to Dr. F. B. Chandler.
However, growers in the meantime
might try the following suggested
fall fertilizer practices. Dr. Chand-
ler believes that a high phosphorus
fertilizer applied in late October or
early November when growth has
practically terminated is good
practice. The 1-2-1 ratio, which

represents one part of nitrogen,
two parts phosphoric acid, and one
part potash, is the formulla recom-
mended. This would be equivallent
to a 5-8-7 or a 4-8-7 complete fer-
tilizer. The amounts would vary
between 200 lbs. to 500 lbs. per
acre, depending upon the condition
of the bog. One of the chief ad-
vantages of fall fertilizer applica-
tions over those made in the spring
or summer is reduction of the weed
problem. If growers are interest-
ed in doing some of this work, it
is suggested that they contact Dr.
Chandler for further information.
The harvest period is here. We
know that competition will be keen
for our share of Mrs. Consumer's
dollar. Let us be sure that we
as growers furnish our marketing
representatives, both fresh and
processed, with finest cranberries
at our command.

SCOOPS

and
SCREENINGS

Our most sincere if belated con-
gratulations to Russell Makepeace
of Wareham, so widely known
throughout the industry, upon his
election to the Board of Directors
of the New York, New Haven &
Hartford Railroad. If "Rus" puts
as much energy into his work on
the board, when required (and we
are sure he will) as he does into
his cranberry activities, the New
Haven will have gained a most
valuable man.

J. Richard Beattie, Massachu- I
setts Cranberry Specialist, broad-
cast over radio stations, WHDH on
August 23 and over WBZ August
28. His subject, of course, was
Cranberries.

» * * • *

It is pleasing to note that Mrs.
Miriam Parrish of Long Beach,
Washington, took a trip through
Alaska and talked cranberries to
about everybody she came in con-
tact with.

Here's a personal: It was indeed
a pleasure to have met so many old ^
friends at the annual meeting ol
the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers
Association. August 17th. (C.J.H.)

Four

Issue nf September, 1948^Vol. 13, No. 5

Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription, $3.00 per year.
Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1879,

FRESH FROM THE FIELDS

Compiled by C. J. H.

MASSACHUSETTS

Rainfall for the month of Aug-
ust as reported at the Cranberry
Experiment Station, East Ware-
ham, was but .75 of an inch, one
of the scantiest on record.

The hottest day as recorded at
the bog was August 27, when the
temperature in the shelter was
100. Temperature on the bog was
107. At Carlisle in Middlese.x
County at the bog of the Lowelll
Cranberry Company it was 112.

The extreme dryness and intense
heat has injured most crops, in-
cluding cranberries. Dr. H. J.
Franklin has estimated the Massa-
chusetts crop will be cut by at
least 10 per cent (as of Sept. 6.)
Other estimates range higher.

The extreme dryness continued
into September, and of September
6th there was no change. Dr.
Franklin has said that berries will
be of smaller size because of the
dryness.

The crop is late, but some pick-
ing was expected to start the week
beginning September 6th.

WISCONSIN

Prospects at the end of August,
according to "Del" Hammond, gen-
eral manager of Wisconsin Cran-
berry Sales Company, were that
17.5,000 barrels might be high.
This would depend upon the weath-
er for the next four weeks — wheth-
er there was any rain or if frost
occurred .

The state has been very dry and
the water situation critical. There
were two serious forest fires, one
in the Mather-Warrens area. This
started August 21 and four days
later was still burning. The marsh-
es endangered in thfit area included

those of Melvin Moe, Alex Grim-
shaw, Mrs. F. J. Hoffman and
Harold (Happy) DeLong. In the
Cranmoor area the fire danger
included the Oncour marsh, Elm
Lake Cranberry Company, and the
marsh of Gerald Brockman.

Hammond put the keeping qual-
ity as "average or better", but the
fruitworm damage is severe in
many sections.

This is the first year in four
years the harvesting time appears
normal, and picking was expected
to start September 12th to the
15th.

The Wisconsin Cranberry S;r.es
Company sponsored the only cran-
berry exhibit held at the 100th
anniversary at Milwaukee August,
7th to 29th. A million and a half
people visited the fair and 200.000
visited the cranberry exhibit and
showed great interest in it. The
display included model marshes in
the building stage, after a yea;' .if
growth, and in the harvesting?
stage. There was also a display
of fresh fruit. Recipe books were
distributed and proved very pop-
ular.

NEW JERSEY

Temperature. August was a
very cool month in New Jersey in
spite of the extremely hot spell
during the last week of the month.
From the 1st to the 24th the aver-
age daily mean temperature was
three degrees below normal. This
deficit was made up partially dur-
ing the five days beginning on the
25th when the maximum readings
were all 90° or higher. Shelter
temperatures of 97° were recorded
on both the 26th and 27th, but bog
temperatures were a good deal

higher than that. At the month's
end the average daily mean tem-
perature at Pemberton was 73.4°,
which is almost exactly 1° below
normal for the month. During
these five days, many cranberries
were severely burned or "scalded"
by the intense sunshine. Some
growers estimate that 25 per cent
of the berries were injured in this
way.

Rainfall. Rainfall during the
first three weeks of August was
more than sufficient for any needs.
How to get rid of the water fast
enough was the main problem on
many bogs. Some bogs which have
new diversion canals, such as the
Clayberger bogs, were in a dis-
tinctly better condition than they
have been in recent wet summers.
When the rainfall was all added
up, it totalled 7.14 inches or 2.36
inches more than the normal Aug-
ust rainfall of 2.36 inches.

WASHINGTON

August was a rainy month, the
season being the wettest since
1893. Crop prospects were im-
proving (as of August 25th) even
though the season was late.

The Grayland Field Tour was
held on August 21 with an attend-
ance of about 250. The group vis-
ited bogs which had things of in-
terest to be seen. The tour was
arranged by Nolan Servoss, Pa-
cific County Agricultural Agent,
Dr. T. A. Merrill of the State Col-
lege of Pullman and D. J. Crowley,
superintendent of the Cranberry
Station at Long Beach, gave ex-
planatory talks at the bogs where
stops were made. Prior to the trip
the group met at Grayland com-

(Continued ofi Pace 17)

Fivf

Annual Meeting of Cape Cod Growers
Is One of Most Interesting in Years

Attendance Hears Fine
Talks and Crop Forecast
More than 200 Present.

At the annual meeting of the
Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As-
sociation, East Wareham, Tuesday,
August 17, the 1948 cranberry crop
forecast was given by C. D. Stev-
ens, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture,
Bureau of Agricultural Economics,
Boston, as 874,000 barrels for the
country, the second largest crop on
record, exceeded only slightly by
that "bumper" of 1937.

It was divided, as follows: Mass-
achusetts, 550,000; New Jersey,
84,000; Wisconsin, 175,000, a rec-
ord crop for that state; Washing-
ton, 50,000, also a record; Oregon,
15,000.

This time, Mr. Stevens said it
was easier to make a report for
Massachusetts because a third
more growers sent in their esti-
mates than ever before. The
Blacks were down and the Howes
up from the average for that
state, he said. He added, it was
his pleasure to have given this re-
port to Massachusetts growers for
21 years.

Meeting Attended
by More Than 200

The meeting was attended by
more than 200. It was ably pre-
sided over by Russell Makepeace,
A. D. Makepeace Company, Ware-
ham, who for the second time was
conducting a meeting of this group.

The following slate of officers
was elected, (mostly re-elections):
President Makepeace, first vice
president Melville C. Beaton, Ware-
ham, second vice president, Ed-
ward Ba)tholmew, Wareham, sec-
retary, Gilbert Beaton, Wareham;
treasurer, "Harry" Hornblower, of
Boston; assistant treasurer, R.
Thelma Laukka, West Wareham;
directors. Dr. Henry J. Franklin,
d.irector Cranberry Experiment
Station, East Wareham; Harrison
F. Goddard, Plymouth; George E.
Short, Plymouth; Orrin G. Colley,
Plymouth; Emil C. St. Jacques,
Wareham; Robert S. Handy,
Cataumet; Frederick A. Eldridge,
Dennis; John Harriott, Hanson;
honorary, Chester A. Vose,. Marion.

Six

The first part of the business
meeting was given over to the
readings of the reports of the sec-
retary and treasurer, whose rec-
ords were accepted. Then, J. Rich-
ard, Beattie, state cranberry spec-
ialist spoke upon the frost warn-
ing service. He said the service
reached 214 growers, whose hold-
ings covered 9,000 acres. He con-
tinued 40 warnings in all were giv-
en out by eight distributors, and
considering the small number per-
forming this service he asked the
growers to be at home when the
warnings were apt to be given out.
Report On Publicity

William H. Wyeth, Wareham,
chairman of the public relations
committee of the association, ad-
dressed the meeting. He spoke of
tht success of the 100,000 little
"Cranberry Quizzes" prepared by
Miss Ellen Stillman of NCA and
Clarence J. Hall of CRANBER-
RIES. He asked for additional
committee members to be appoint-
ed to act to make decisions should
an emergency arise. He asked
this committee be composed of
men not associated, with any mar-
keting agency. This committee is
to be appointed later.

Then the president introduced
Dr. Franklin who spoke upon an
educational program for youths in-
terested in cranberry growing. He
discussed the desirability of help-
ing these young men. President
Makepeace read a letter from Dr.
Ray Van Meter, president of the
University of Massachusetts at
Amherst, which said the college
was ready to cooperate in this
proposal.

Talk on Gypsies

Harry L. Ramsey of the insect
department of the State Depart-
ment of Conservation gave a his-
tory of the gypsy moth control
from 1890 to the present time. He
described the use of DDT and
warned very plainly it should only
be used as directed by the manu-
facturers. He said, it has been
proven harmless to most individ-
uals, birds, animals and bees.

He said it had proven completely
effective in three heavilly-infested

areas upon Cape Cod when applied
by air. He emphatically stated
that if the towns of Southeastern
Massachusetts appropriated funds,
the State of Massachusetts would
help financially.

National Cranberry Week

"Burt" Nevins of New York, who
has been engaged by NCA to pro
mote the "National Cranberry
Week," October 18 to 23, gave a
report of the plans for publicity
and what had already been accom-
plished. Cranberries, he said
without any trade name or from
any particular area are to be
stressed, preceding and, during this
week so that the entire industry
will be promoted. The plans in-
clude trade papers, women's maga-
zines, posters, radio, the featuring
of cranberry dishes in hotels. Tht
New York, New Haven & Hart
ford Railroad will have a specia
cranberry display in Grand Centra
Station at New York City. Thert
will be receipe contests. A Nat
ional Cranberry Queen will bd
chosen. Cranberry hats ano
scarves (for women) will be in-
troduced. Sammy Kaye of radio
fame will introduce a cranberry
song on his coast to coast programi
Arthur Murray, the famous danc-
ing teacher will invent and teach
the "Cranberry Hop." Nevins
played two of the records which*
have already been made, one ol
these being called "Down Cran^
berry Lane."

Dr. H. J. Franklin spoke fronfl
prepared, notes, mentioning that
the fall cranberry army worm
would attack, first having men^
tioned this in his 1938 bulletin. It
has now attacked Massachusetts
bogs. He then introduced Fred
Hepburn of New England Cran-
berry Sales Company and Ferris
C. Waite of National Cranberry
Association, who both spoke upon
insecticides.

Among the guests who spoke
briefly were Congressman DonaldU
W. Nicholson of Wareham and!
State Senator Edward C. Stone offl
Osterville.

State Commissioner of Agricul-
ture John Chandler told the grow-
ers he was interested in their pi-ob-
lems and would help them to ob-
tain their objectives.

F

John F. Sawyer, Frost Insecticide
Company, Arlington, Mass., Is "Dean"
Of Insecticide People in N. E,

This is the story of John F.
lawyer, general manager of the
■"rost Insecticide Company of Arl-
ngton. Massachusetts. Mr. Saw-
•er is now the "dean" of insecti-
ide people in New England.

In the spring of 1903 he had to
nake a decision which shaped his
uture. He was living in Reading,
Massachusetts, and going to Boston
n the train one morning he met
'rof. A. H. Kirkland, who was an
ntomologist with the Bowker In-
ecticide Company. He was asked
0 take a position with that com-
any, as Prof. Kirkland said the
uture in the insecticide business
/as excellent, which Mr. Sawyer
ays he later found to be correct.

It took a lot of courage, he said,
ci go into practically a new kind
f business, as he had previously

been in hardware. He was with
the Bowker company from March,
1903 to March 1908, when Mr.
Frost asked him to take charge of
the sales department with his com-
pany, which was incorporated in
1906. Harold L. Frost, who was
widely known at the time, was in
the forestry business, which he
knew from every angle. Many
wanted to buy equipment, which
was the reason the Frost Insecti-
cide Company came into being.

Mr. Sawyer says there are many
problems in his business and these
are increasing each year, "so a fel-
low's mind is occupied."

Frost Company Began Small

At the time he came with the
Frost company it owned an apart-
ment house on Court street in
Arlington. The pantry wa? the

stock-room, the kitchen was the
shipping room, and the dining
room was used by a bookkeeper.
The company has expanded from
year to year and now is in a mod-
ern building with 10,000 square feet
of floor space, with everything up
to date.

In Mr. Sawyer's early days there
were two companies manufactur-
ing insecticides. Now, of course,
there are many. He recalls that
in those early days two or three
sprays on an apple tree would pi'o-
duce splendid fruit. Now he says
it takes from ten to fifteen, and
even then results are not always
as desired. So many new insecti-
cides and fungicides are being
tried and sold, he says, that he
often wonders what it is all about.
Used Horse and Sleigh

Mr. Sawyer says that his sales
trips were varied and most inter-
esting. On many trips into Maine
he would use a horse and sleigh
and it would take him two weeks
or more to cover a territory which
is now done in two or three days.
The territory he travelled took in
not only New England, but else-
where, including Michigan, New
York state, and other areas too
numerous too mention.

He mentions that his good friend
"Bill" Wyeth (CRANBERRIES,
June 1948), now a resident of
Wareham and operator of bogs at
Greene, Rhode Island, and Marsh-
field, Mass., came into the insecti-
cide business after him, and, like
himself, came up the "hard way".
"Bill", he says, was very success-
ful, as he could not have been
otherwise because of his honest
dealings and the general respect
for his ability and judgment.

Mr. Sawyer has occupied about
every position his company has to
offer. As well as general manager,
he is treasurer. He is also treas-
urer of the Arlington Storage
Warehouse which is a part of the
Frost company. He is secretary
and director of the Southland
Fruit Company, which has large
citrus holdings at Orlando, Florida.

In conclusion, Mr. Sawyer wants
to mention that the Frost Insecti-
cide has, in part, been successful
because of tht splendid cooperation
of its employees.

Seven

COMMUNICATION

Mr. M. L. Urann,

President, National Cranberry As-
sociation,
Hanson, Mass.

Dear Mr. Urann:

This is to bring to your attention
the "World Charter Service", an
agency for the shipment of Cran-
berries by Airfreight in large car-
go planes.

As the result of an intense sur-
vey of about 1 year, there has been
placed at my disposal all the avail-
able equipment of the exact type
and kind which now makes bulk
shipments both practical and eco-
nomical.

As this is the first time in his-
tory that it is possible to market
an entire crop with direct ship-
ments to all inland markets in a
matter of hours, we therefore term
this new development in marketing
and transportation, "Operation
Cranberry".

Our shipping points are Ply-
mouth, Hyannis, New Bedford,
and Providence airports. You or
Mr. Mann (sales manager) can
call me any time, day or night,
specify the time, and the plane will
be at the airport to pick up your
load. All shipments are F. 0. B.,
therefore shippers are obliged to
load the plane.

Anticipating the abandonment of
other forms of transportation, the
old for the new method, this ser-
vice was created for the benefit of

the cranberry industry. Hereto-
fore, berries shipped in railroad
cars took many days to reach their
destination and not infrequently
were found upon arrival to be in
poor condition.

Airfreight means Airfresh and
Harvest-fresh, which will arrive in
better condition and result in bet-
ter keeping quality; with a better
consumer condition there will be
a better consumer acceptance at a
higher price and a better return
to you. You can now take advant-
age of sales strategy in a quick,
safe, and profitable manner. Con-

sider the profit in an increased
turnover in capital investment, re-
duction of inventory, loss from
spoilage or shrinkage, and a lower
handling cost. With direct ship-
ments to inland markets you can
avoid price fluctuations and supply
a market in time when holiday
buying is high and needs little
stimulation.

Of course, larger shipment;
means less cost; however, here i;
a small example: Plymouth to Nev
York or Newark, 7,200 lbs. @ SVa
a lb. or S250.00.

(Continued on Page 19)

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY

WISCONSIN RAPIDS, WIS.

Cranberry Consultant on any

Cranberry Problem,
either Scientific or Practical.

Laying out New Marshes a Specialty.

Complete Marsh Management

and Supervision by year

can be arranged if desired.

B. S. - M. S.

University of Wisconsin

FALL Reminders..

RAKES

PRUNERS

SCOOPS - SNAPS

BOG PUMPS— 7 in. to 20 in.
AIR-COOLED ENGINES— 11/2 to eV-2 HP.
MINNEAPOLIS — MOLINE ENGINES— 26 to 50 HP.
SEPARATORS — ELEVATORS — for your own screening.

HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO.

WAREHAM, MASS.

Tel. 497-W
497-R

Eight

(^ditMals

ISSUE OF SEPTEMBER, 1948
Vol. 13 No. 5

PUSH CRANBERRIES ALWAYS

T'HERE are two main events coming up in
October, and they are quite closely
related. We are referring to the disposal
of the 1948 cranbei-ry crop and National
Cranberry Week. Of course there is a
third, which is the harvesting of the crop,
but that is always accomplished in one way
or another.

It would seem to be the duty of all of
us interested in the cranberry industry to
push this cranberry week with its wide-
spread publicity in every possible way and
at every possible opportunity.

OLD MAN WEATHER

QNCE again, Old Man Weather has
played a joke upon cranberry growers.
He has been uncertain in about every area.
In Massachusetts, not enough rain. In
others, too much. Then he has taken a
scald of berries in some areas. And frosts
are coming up presumably. As we have
said before, the only certainty about cran-
berry growing is uncertainty.

YOUNG MEN

QNE thing encouraging about the industry
is that so many young men, many first,
second, third, and even more generation
growers, are still determined to stay in the
mdustry. We might call special attention
to our cover this month, of the young GI
who is going to make the cultivation of
cranberries his career. With such spirit
the industry will not die.

A MODERN KITCHEN

^E saw a movie the other night which
disclosed the marvels of a truly mod-
ern kitchen. There were all kinds of gad-
gets for serving food, either fresh or pro-
cessed. The young housewife, as por-
trayed, opened kitchen cabinets at a touch
3f a finger. Ice cubes slipped out as she
^^prayed them with a new type of "gun"
5he apparently had at her disposal, in her
Kitchen, enough things to operate a mod-
ern battleship. In fact, she had about
everything which made for more conveni-
ence. All this should lead to better eating
nabits. In this arrangement meals were
prepared and served in more appetizing

L/ v^'^''^'^'««6V^

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS

Subscription $3.00 per year
Advertising rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS
Wisconsin

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington— Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY
Cranberry Specialist
Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK
Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station

East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station

Pemberton, New Jersey

form. Cranberries well may benefit by
such improvements in the kitchen of the
housewife, young or old.

TO THE OLDER GROWERS

W^

IE have said a lot about young cranberry
growers recently. A thought should
be given to the older ones, too. They have
plenty at stake. Many have been in the
cranberry game, and "busy as Cranberry
Merchants", to quote an old saying, most
of their lives. They have weathered the
years — fought battles with frosts, insects,
market conditions, and have seen many,
many changes in insecticides, methods of
bog making, means of shipping cranber-
ries. We take our hats off to the old-timers
who are still hanging on.

Nin

^^^mn

Cranberry Fireworm
And Blossom Worm

WM. E. TOMLINSON, JR.

N. J. Agricultural Experiment

Station

Reprinted from the Proceedintrs of the
78th Annual Meeting. American Cran-
berry Growers' Association, January :U .
1948.

During the past few years, due
to a combination of causes both
biological and cultural, fireworms
have been more troublesome than
usual. This is particularly true
of the dry-bog species which have
responded quickly to our recently
revised ideas of proper winter
flooding practices. Winter flood-
ing has generally been shallower
and has been removed earlier in
the spring. One or both of these
conditions favors the increase of
three of our four species of fire-
worm, namely, the yellow-headed,
the spotted, and the red-striped
fireworm.

I will not go into the pros and
cons of different flooding practices,
but I want to point out, however,
that these changes may introduce
factors that may be harmful to
you unless you are aware of the
facts and are prepared to take the
necessary measures when they do
occur.

Fireworm injury is marked by a
conspicuous webbing together of
uprights. The common name, fie-
worm, arose from the fact that
bogs or areas severely attacked
had the appearance of having been
burned, but the spotted fireworm
never browns a bog even in heavy
infestations.

A brief life history of the above
insects in relation to control prac-
tices and a means of their identi-
fication are a necessity, since con-
trol measures are aimed at hitting
the insects at the most opportune
time, which may vary considerably
with the species. Also the mis-
identification of the species in-
volved may be the cause of unnec-
essary apprehension or control
practices. A simple and safe rale
to follow is that those species
found feeding between May 15 and
25 are the species causing the most
concern. The spotted and red-
striped fireworms do not feed dur-

ing that period, and their injury is
usually insufficient to justsify the
time and expense involved in mak-
ing special applications for their
control.

Yellow-headed Fireworm
Our most destructive fireworm
and the one causing the most trou-
ble recently is the yellow-headed
species. This species spends the
winter as a moth and can often be
seen flying during the winter on or
near the bogs on warm days. The
eggs are laid during April. If the
bogs are submerged then, the
moths are forced to lay their eggs
on wild vegetation. As a rule,
later generations do not work back
into the bog to any great extent,
so holding the winter flood until
early May is a simple and eff'ective
control. To be eff'ective, however,
the submergence must be com-
plete.

The yellow-headed fireworm has
three broods, worms being present
on the bog in May, in late June
and early July, and in August and
early September. When unchecked,
the yellow-headed worm is the
most injurious of the fireworms, as
they destroy more and work later
in the season. The vines may be
so weakened by the August brood
that they are unable to survive
the winter flood.

The larvae have a light head and
pale yellowish body which, when
mature, are about Va inch long.
They pupate in the webbed up-
rights and the pupa is easily dis-
tinguished from that of other fire-
worms by a prominent knob on the
head end. Summer moths are
clear orange yellow, while the win-
ter moths are reddish gray at first,
becoming slate gray as they age.

Control may be gained by hold-
ing the winter flood until early
May or by spraying and dusting.
In any case it is most important
to control the first brood. Either
lead arsenate or DDT may be used.
If lead arsenate is used, the addi-
tion of a quart of nicotine and two
quarts of Penetrol to 100 gallons
of spray improves the insecticidal
action. DDT as a spray should be
used at the rate of 2 lbs. of 50'/v
wettable powder to 100 gallons of
water, or as a 5'';; dust at 50 lbs.
per acre. These sprays should be
applied at the rate of 250 gal. per

acre when the worms are ¥2 inch
long.

Black-headei Fireworm

The black-headed fireworm runs
a very close second to the yellow-
headed species in destructivenesr,
in New Jersey. The winter is
passed in the egg stage and hatch-'
ing starts early in May on earljH
drawn bogs and soon after thej
water is drawn oft" on bogs flooded!
till May 10-20.

The worm is greenish or pale

yellow, with a shining black headj

and neck. When full grown it is!

only about 5/16 of an inch long.

First brood worms are mature by :

about the end of May, while the

second brood worms work during!

July, maturing toward the end of!

that month. Pupation occurs ini

the trash and leaves on the floor

of the bog, which fact distinguishes

this insect from all other fireworms

except the red-striped species.

Control is complicated by the fact

that hatching on different parts of

uneven bogs may vary by as much

as a week. If control measures

are not accurately timed, it may be

ineffective because the hatch is

not complete, or if delayed too long

some may already have pupated,!''

Very careful watch of development

is especially important with re- )*

flows and the lead-arsenate-nico- |i

tine spray for that reason. DDT/

with its long-lasting residual tox^

icity, may overcome some of this

difficulty.

A 48-hour reflow when the largi
est worms are Vi inch long gives
excellent control.

Where spraying is used, it is
usually better to make two ap<
plications rather than trying tc
get all of the worms with one api
plication. Smaller worms are mort
easily killed by insecticides thar
large ones, so the first applicatioi
should not be delayed until thi
largest worms are % inch long
A second spray a week after thi
first will take care of any hatcl
subsequent to the first spray.

Spray with same materials a
with the yellow-headed firewormslit

The spotted fireworm rarely, 1
ever, causes enough damage ti
justify control practices for
alone. It is largest of our fire
worms and makes the largest we
but it is evidently held down pre:

Twelvy

ty well by natural enemies. The
worms are about % of an inch long-
when full grown, with a light
brown head, black neck, and a dark
green body conspicuously marked
with white spots. Though they
spend the winter as partially
grown larvae on the bog, feeding
Joesn't start until about the first
lof June. This is another species
that pupates in the web. It is a
single-brooded species, all other
ireworms having at least two
jroods a year.

The regular DDT applications
Lir blunt-nosed leafhopper con-
rcls this species very nicely.

Red-striped Fireworm

In general this is not a serious

oest, though occasionally it may

ause trouble late in the season.

t often works along with the yel-

ow-headed fireworm later in the

eason. This species spends the

/inter as full-grown worms on dry

•arts of bogs. The moths begin

0 fly about mid-May and egg-lay-

'ng extends over a long period.

^ggs of the first generation start

) hatch about mid-June and those

f the second during the latter half

f July and early August.

The worm is pale greenish-yel-

)w with a brown head. As it

rows, the head becomes light tan,

i nd indistinct dark reddish lines

opear running lengthwise on the

' jdy. The mature worm is about

le same size as the black-headed

rva, but it is easily distinguished

• the lighter head color.

Control with nicotine sulfate and

■a]) the first week in August has

■en found satisfactory under Mas-

ehusetts conditions. Possibly

me control will be gained by the

DT leafhopper applications in

ine, though as yet we have no

iformation on this point.

(Continued next month)

During the last two years of
orld War II, farmers produced
per cent more than in 1917-18
ith about 1,500,000 fewer work-
Today, they produce 20 per
nt more than prewar.

September Almanac

(EDITOR'S NOTE): — The fallowing
is from the Almanac of the New Eng-
land Cranherry Sales Company)

PICKING AND PACKING
FOR QUALITY

This year there will be growers
shipping to the fresh market who
have never done so before. Very
few Sales Company members will
fall into this class. Most of us are
well steeped in the lore of fresh
fruit quality, though the boiling
markets of the last few years may
have lulled us into the belief that
most anything goes. This year
will be different, tho'. Next year
should not be so bad, as the can-
ners will doubtless compensate for
their sins of mission and commis-
sion in '46 and '47, at the expense
of the '48 fresh market.

Let us all review on the subject
of quality marketing; refresh our
memories and plan our work ac-
cordingly. Remember, a fresh

Research at the Southern Reg-
ional Research Laboratory of the
U. S. Department of Agriculture
at New Orleans indicates peanuts
may be used in clothing and fab-
rics, paper in books and maga-
zines, and even in paint on the wall
in a few years.

berry must be sound all the way
to the stove of the housewife.
Picking — When

BLACKS— Early picking does
not mean early shipment and early
payment. Berries picked too light
will take longer to color up to
specifications in the screenhouse
than they would on the bog. Do
not pick green, white or black.
Pick the most of them at a light
to medium red, a good Skipper
color, but not quite Mayflowers.
Do not purposely pick light Skip-
pers unless yours are really early,
fermated or free from rot or his-
tory of rot, and you are sure the
Company wants them as Skippers.

If you have a quantity (a half
carload or more) of light good
quality Skippers they can be held
in your storage to make Capitol
Brand which is in good demand at
the end of the Early Blacks season.
Picking — How

Scooping for best quality, Math-
ewson Machine next, snaps third.
Pick dry. Get the berries into the
shade as soon as possible. Protect
from rain. Avoid all unnecessary
handling, bouncing, pouring from
box to box, or anything which
might bruise a berry. If you must
pick under-berries, do it before
they are crawled over. Keep en-
tirely separate any berries which

Save This

Magazine for

Future Reference

CRANBERRY GROWERS
EQUIPMENT

We Carry Most of the Items
Necessary for Your Needs:

• WHEELBARROW WHEELS

• 12x18 HEAVY-DUTY TRUCK CANVASS

• ALL SIZES OF TIE-ON-ROPE

• LUMBER AND BUILDING NEEDS

Also We Have the New ATLAS POWER TOOLS

WRITE OR ASK
US FOR CATALOG

OPEN EVERY THURSDAY
EVENING UNTIL 8.30

Hanson Hardware Co.

Phone Bryantville 52.5 or 526

1012 Main St.

HANSON, MASS.

Thirteen

might differ in quality from the
main run. Do not mix snapped
berries with scooped berries. Do
not mix frost-flowed ditch berries
■vlfith the unflowed berries. Set
aside any such doubtful berries
for special shipment only.
Storage
Ventilate, not just for the sake
of ventilation, but to cool. Open
everything on cool nights, close
the place up to keep out the heat
of the day. Avoid a see-saw tem-
perature. If you can get and keep
a temperature in the low forties,
just fine. Store two days or more
before

Screening and Packing
Here, too, avoid rough treat-
ment, needless bouncing. Arrange
your facilities so the berries are
in the heated screening room as
short a time as possible. Set aside
the "second box" for Plain Heads.
One trip through the separators is
bad enough. Avoid slack pack (a
sure cause for complaint). Do not
bruise by over-filling. On a well-
shaken and smoothed box, the cov-
er should stand up about its own
thickness before nailing. Nail

well. Ask and get the advice of
the inspector about anything and
everything. Give him the full facts
about every lot. His aim is qual-
ity, too.

In General
Do not screen until authorized.
Avoid muggy-day work if you can.
Do not try to ship doubtful berries
until directed. Shipping quick
just because the berries begin to
show spoiling is a mean trick on
the buyer, the Exchange, and your-
self. If the berries have to take
a re-milling at destination, or an
allowance, you will suffer more
than if you had let a few rot be-
fore screening. Make sure that the
Eatmor label means top quality
this year of all years.

Sure, fresh market berries are
worth more than canning berries.
They cost you more, every step of
the way.

Yours for an excellent quality
crop,

COMMITTEE ON KEEPING
QUALITY,
Russell A. Trufant, Chairman
George E. Short
Joseph L. Kelley

Program for News,
Magazine, Radio
People, Oct. 2nd.

This Event, Which is to be
Held at Hanson, Massa-
chusetts, and Atwood's
"Edaville", Will Usher in
"N a t i o n a 1 Cranberry
Week", October 18-23.

A reception committee will meet
several hundred invited guests, in-
cluding State, County and Town
oflScials and representatives of:
magazines, newspapers, radio sta-
tions, syndicate writers and news-
reel companies, at Ellis Atwood's
"Edaville", South Carver, on Oc-
tober 2nd. The function of the.
committee, which will consist ofl
about 50, is to provide these spec-
ial guests with a wealth of cran-
berry material for their listeners
and readers.

The program for the tour oJi
these specially-invited guests is to
be as follows:

10.30 a. m., a tour of the Ocean

Stokely's Finest

CRANBERRY

SAUCE

NONE FINER

STOKELY FOODS, INC.

90 Riverside Ave.

NEW BEDFORD, MASS.

I

Fpurt«en

I

Ipray Canning Plant at Hanson to
/itness cranberry canning.

11.30, leave Hanson for "Eda-
ille".

12.15, tour of "Edaville" cran-
erry bogs, via the "Edaville"
Railroad, to witness cranberry har-
esting.

Tour of Atwood packing house
3 witness screening and fresh-
erry packing.

1.15, old-fashioned New England
llambake.

Ferris C. Waite is chairman of
rie reception committee.

This event will usher in "Nat-
)nal Cranberry Week", October
8 to 23.

lodgkins Rejoins
>FCA Sales Staff,
]astern Territory

Thomas W. Hodgkins has re-
)ined National Cranberry Asso-
ation sales force to cover the
astern territory. He has been
Dsent from Ocean Spray for six
;ars.

This is a major shift in Ocean
pray's sales department to per-
it more intensive coverage of
■okers and buyers from NCA's
jadquarters.

Mr. Hodgkins vv'ill take over the
rritory recently handled by Wil-
im Drury, who has moved to the
orth Chicago office to handle
les in the mid-west and central
ates. M. S. "Andy" Anderson
ill be more free to handle rapidly-
ipanding West Coast business,
r. Anderson will now make his
■adquarters in Los Angeles, Cal-
nrnia.

Mr. Hodgkins was associated
th NCA from 1936 to 1942, and
iring that time became thorough-
familiar with Ocean Spray sales
'licies and became vjeW known to
CA brokers. When the second
orld War broke out, he returned
his home in Farmington, Maine,
lere he served as sales manager
r a firm making wooden special-
's.

Mr. Hodgkins is married and
s a son in college and a married
ughter.

SMALLER TURKEY CROP

The turkey crop for the United
ates this fall is reported as
,710,000 birds, which is 10 per

cent fewer than last year, accord- the U. S. Bureau of Agricultural
ing to a preliminary estimate of Economics.

Save Priceless Water

BUY
PORTABLE OVERHEAD SYSTEMS
for
IRRIGATION AND FROST CONTROL

STEEL or ALUMINUM PIPE
Equipped with

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There is no other similar or equal equipment
NO LATCHES NO HOOKS

Write or phone. Our local representative will call.

No charge for Design and Blueprints to suit your particular

bog.

LUNDQUIST CO., Inc.

TEL. PUTNAM (CONN.) 1917

WEST WOODSTOCK, CONN.

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•

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units built.

Specifications and prices on request.

Veg-Acre Farms - Irrigation Division

cape COD

FORESTDALE, MASS.

Fifteen

E. Sumner Fish, ^
Cranberry Harvester

E. Sumner Fish, a cranberry
grower of Bandon, Oregon, advises
that the cranberry harvester which
he invented last year, and which
was used by him with great suc-
cess in the picking of his bog is
being patented by him. This pick-
er is especially adapted for water
harvesting and is easily operated
by one person, and materially re-
duces cranberry harvesting costs.
Mr. Fish is now in the process of
building several of these machines
for growers who placed their
orders with him. These machines
are to be completed in time for
this year's cranberry harvesting.
Mr. Fish proposes to go into quan-
tity production of these machines
as they have proven so very suc-
cessful.

American Cranberry
Growers' Asso. Meets

In Spite of Record Heat on
Day of Meeting, August
26, 121 Attend to Hear
Interesting Talks.

The summer meeting of the
American Cranberry Growers' As-
sociation was held on Thursday,
August 26, at the sorting house of
the Double Trouble Cranberry
Company, Toms River, N. J. In
spite of the record heat, there was
an attendance of 121 to hear the
talks and discussions. President
Daniel "Mac" Crabbe first intro-
duced his father, who welcomed the
growers to the Double Trouble
Company.

MATHEWS

CONVEYOR

and

TRACK

Frost Insecticide Co.

Box 36
ARLINGTON, 74

MASS.

Charles A. Doehlert gave a re-
vealing talk on the production
averages of sixty typical New Jer-
sey growers. This paper was pre-
pared jointly with D. O. Boster in
charge of the New Jersey Crop
Reporting Service.

Boster next gave the latest crop
prospects for New Jersey and for
the United States. 'With a near-
record crop in prospect, the New
Jersey estimate was still 2000 bar-
rels below the 10-year average.
This estimate, of course, was made
prior to the heat wave and will
probably have to be reduced some-
what.

A memorial to Joseph W. Dar-
lington was given by Isaac Harri-
son. A period of silence in Jee's
memory followed the reading.
Many, many growers feel keenly
the loss of this young man who had
become a popular leader among the
growers.

Dr. H. F. Bergman tal'-e 1 on
1948 oxygen deficiency injury in
New Jersey in relation to winter
flooding practices. He had just
spent four busy days in the Jersey
bogs studying conditions and tak-
ing samples of fruitinr upright'-
He discussed his general impres-
sions, including his views on the
probable value of giving the bogs

more soil aeration and more close-
ly regulated soil moisture. The
samples which he had collected and
to which he added more during the
day after the meeting, will require
considerable attention and study on
his return to Massachusetts. It is
arranged that his general remarks
will be published in the forthcom-
ing Proceedings of ths Association.
Then in the January issue a second
report will present his more de-
tailed findings. New Jersey grow-
ers appreciate his willingness to
devote part of his time to their
problem.

William S. Haines, spokesman
for the Association's Cranberry In-
dustry Committee, made very clear
the desirability of new research
concerning the physiology of the
cranberry plant and its soil re-
quirements, all directed toward
finding out just what makes it
grow productively. Voicing the
Industry Committee's recommend-
ation, Mr. Haines urged that a
full-time man be added to the
Cranberry Laboratory staff to con-
duct this research, the salary and
expenses to be financed by gifts
and by a small per-ban-el assess-
ment on the crops of members of
the Association and any other in-
terested growers. The member-
ship present voted unanimously in

I

DECAS BROTHERS

Growers Of

Cape Cod
Cranberries

Phone 147

WAREHAM, MASS.

Sixteen

favor of a resolution presented by
Vinton N. Thompson. The resolu-
tion stated the general need for
this research and the desire of the
Association to sponsor and aid the
financing thereof. It further stip-
ulated that information so obtained
should be made available to all
cranberry growers.

Several members and Mr. Doeh-
lert, representing the Cranberry
Laboratory, spoke strongly in sup-
port of the plan.

A delicious lunch was served in
the sorting house basement by the
ladies of the W. S. C. S. of" the
Toms River Methodist church.

Fresh from the Fields

(Continued from Page 5)

munity hall where several talks
were given by growers and by the
specialists in attendance. "Al"
Sundberg, president of the Long
Beach Cranberry club, gave a most
interesting talk upon water scoop-
ing as compared to other methods
of harvesting. Mr. Crowley spoke
upon the subject of fertilizers,
stressing the danger of using too
much nitrogen.

Personals

Mr. and Mrs. J. Rogers Brick
and daughter Jeanne of Medford,
New Jersey, attended the Grayland
tour with the Western growers.
Mr. Brick gave a very interesting
talk at the conclusion of the
luncheon preceding the tour. This
luncheon was served by the ladies
3f the Grayland Cranberry Associ-
ation.

Growers attending the tour from
[Iwaco were Mr. and Mrs. Guido
^unke and son Albert, Mrs. Sund-

berg and son, Roy, as well as Mr.
Sundberg, Mr. and Mrs. Robert
Ostgard and Mr. and Mrs. Carl
Brateng. Robert A. Wearne at-
tended from the Long Beach Sta-
tion, and also Mrs. Wearne.

OREGON

bv Ethel M. Kranick

Crop estimates in southern Ore-
gon were being lifted a little high-
er as harvest time grew near. Nine
tenths of an inch of rain fell in
August which favored sizing.
Growers are reporting that the
berries are larger this season than
last even though the growing sea-
son will be shorter. Harvest will
begin the last part of September,
about two weeks later than 1947
season.

A few growers lost berries in
the frost of April 26th, but others
have a very normal crop due to
overhead irrigation during the
frost interval.

Latest government agricultural
reports for Oregon show that
Oregon has increased its cran-
berry production from 3800 barrels
in 1937 to an estimated 15,000 for
1948. Jim Olson, President of the
Southwest Oregon Cranberry Club
predicts that the 1948 estimates
will be d.oubled in the next three
years.

Field Day for Southern Oregon
was held at Bandon on Septem-
ber 3rd under the direction of the
Southwest Oregon Cranberry Club,
and Jack Hansell, the Assi-stant
County Agent.

Plans for the day included a trip
to the Bangor bogs near North

There is No Better Way

There is no better way to help to protect your
tresh fruit market than to insist on a neat, well con-
structed package.

BUY THE BOX THAT IS GUARANTEED

and for good service just ask your grower neighbor.
The chances are that he's been buying from us for
years.

B. H. COLE & CO., INC.

Est. 1707

North Carver, Mass. ^„_,„

FRANK H rni P D CRANBERRY

hRANK H. COLE, Pres. BOXES A SPECIALTY

Bend, Oregon, a luncheon at noon
sponsored by the ladies of the club.
Round table discussions were
conducted at the Masonic Hall
where the luncheon was served. A
meeting was held at 8 o'clock.
There was a full roster of authori-
tative speakers for the program.

The Coos Cranberry Co-opera-
tive held a picnic at the Mason
bogs twelve miles south of Ban-

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1121 WASHINGTON STREET
WEST NEWTON 6S, MASS.

Seventeen

don on Sunday, August 15th. A
good attendance and a wonderful
basket dinner gave importance to
the day.

The Cranberry Festival for 1948
is to be bigger and better than
the initial event of 1347. On Aug-
ust 13th, committees met at the
Bandon City Hall and outlined the
plans and launched the advertis-
ing campaign. Events tentatively
planned included a parade, store
exhibits, various contests. Special
emphasis is to be placed on cran-
berry exhibits of all kinds, includ-
ing cranberry equipment. There

will be dances and games and
speeches included in the entertain-
ment program.

A queen is to be chosen from the
Junior and Senior classes of the
High Schools. Organizations will
sponsor the candidates which may
come from Riverton, Oregon, on
the Coquille River, to the town of
Langlois which is thirteen miles
south of Bandon. The Cranberry
Festival Association membership
tickets will sell for one dollar. This
money is to be used to finance and
advertise the event.

The festival will be held on Nov-
ember 5th and 6th at Bandon.

The Executive Commtitee of the
Southern Oregon Cranberry Club |
met at the home of Ray Bates on i
August 18th to make plans for!
participation in the Cranberry
Festival. The Cranberry Club will
sponsor a candidate this year for
the first time. It will assist the
festival association in any way
most needed.

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

%

BOG MANAGEMENT

17 Court St.
Pljnnouth, Mass.

C>°*- 7

■'«/«

Tcis: Plymouth 1622
Kincston 319

If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will
pay you to see us.

A number of properties available, more wanted.

On September 2, at the Portland
Hotel, Oregon, a State wide Agri-
cultural Committee convened tO'
survey the agricultural research
needs of the State of Oregon.

This committee was called by
the research branch of the Ex-
tension department of the Oregon
State College to determine the
essential needs and to present the
problems of each division of Ore-
gon agnculture. It was made
up of a representative from eacl
crop association. The cranberrj
industry of Oregon was repre
sented at this meeting by Mrs
Ethel Kranick who, with her bus
band, is one of the pioneer grower |
of the state. She was chosen b:j
the Southern Oregon Cranberr;!
Club to represent members o

COOPERATION BRINGS STABILITY

In whatever industries and in whatever countries co-ops have grown to a point
«here they are doing 15 or 25 per cent of the busines.s, prices are more nearly in line
with "just price" standards, and there is a marked tendency for the whole industry to
operate on an abundant supply, reasonable price basis."

Through cooperation between the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Co., the Growers
Cranberry Co. and the New England Cranberry Sales Co., the American Cranberi-y
Exchange has for more than forty years been an important factcr in bringing stability
to the cranberry industry, and every new member added to this Comoany will help to
put the cranberry business on a firmer foundation.

Eat mo r
Cranberries

New England Cranberry Sales Company

9 Station Street

Middleboro, Mass.

1

■B^^

pighteen

both the National Cranberry As-
sociation and the American Cran-
berry Association.

The National Cranberry Asso-
ciation at Coquille is now ready to
begin to care for the 1948 crop.
The new freezer is complete and
will hold the maximum crop esti-
R-ate with room for next year's ex-
pansion. Car lines are set up and
ready to go. A new dryer is fin-
ished and will be used to dry ber-
ries for the fresh market.

NCA will have a booth at the
County Fair. Cranberry products
of all kinds will be on display.
This will be the first time NCA
has had a complete exhibit at the
County Fair.

COMMUNICATION

(Continued from Page 8)

I shall be pleased to see or hear
from both Mr. Mann or yourself
at any time and give you all the
assistance possible. Rate sched-
ules are now being prepared and
will be furnished as soon as pos-
sible, and should you desire addi-
tional copies for your brokers and
customers, please advise. For the
moment, however, I can furnish
.'ou any rate upon request.

We shall also be pleased to fur-
lish you rates from the nearest
lirport adjacent to all your other
)lants, viz.. New Jersey, etc.
Your Friend,

George L. Pass,

Manager.

COVER DESIGN— This month's
icture shows John Bodfish Bourne
f Buzzards Bay, Mass., a young
r. I., ready to harvest his crop,
bourne is a graduate of the Uni-
ersity of Massachusettss at Am-
erst. His father, John Knowles
oume, was a grower before turn-
ig the property over to his son.

B. Bourne is the great-grandson
f Parker N. Bodfish, who many
aars ago developed bogs in the
'areham and Carver areas. The
•esent property operated by J. B.
oume is one of , approximately
ve acres.

"CRANBERRIES"
ADVERTISING
PAYS BIG
DIVIDENDS!

Reasonable Rates
on Request

THOMAS BROTHERS
General Contractors

MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

Tel. Middleboro 772

Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells
Transit Mix Concrete

Complete Line of Construction Equipment
Excavating - Grading - Hauling

Leave the Tough Jobs for Us
Our Experience is Your Guarantee

FOR PRE-FABRICATED FLUMES

See

R. A. XRUFAIMX

Hydraulic Consultant

Bog Railroads For Sale or Rent

Tel. Carver 64-11 NORTH CARVER, MASS.

Nineteen

EATMOR HAS BOOTH
AT OCEAN COUNTY FAIR

The Growers' Cranberry Com-
pany had a pictorial booth at the

Ocean County Fair, Lakewood,
New Jersey, September 11. The
time was from 10 a. m. to 10 p. m.
Visitors were asked to look for the
"Eatmor" sign.

Cranberry Growers...

You value the sound, proven recommendations of
the East Wareham Cranberry Experiment Station in
growing your crops successfully.

Equally invaluable to you is sound, properly
written Insurance fitted specially to the needs of
Cranberry Growers.

E. A. Thacher of this firm will be happy to
discuss your requirements, and without charge or
obligation, prepare a survey of your property and
needs.

Brewer & Lord

INSURANCE
56 Batterymarch Street, Boston

Telephone: Hancock 60830

NESCO Holds Fall
Meeting September
4th, Carver, Mass.

More than 140 Attend, Mak-
ing it the Largest Session
of this Co-op Ever Held —
Program for Advertising
Is Told to Members — ACE
Planning Big Promotion.

The fall meeting of the New
England Cranberry Sales Company
at Carver town hall, September 4th,
with President George A. Cowen
presiding, was the largest ever
in attendance in the history of the
co-op. More than 140 people were
there.

"Del" Hammond, general man-
ager of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales
Company, speaking briefly, said he
was indeed glad to be present at
the meeting.

E. C. McGrew, assistant genera'
manager of ACE, read clippings
from various periodicals which saic
the farmer is going to receive lesi
of the housewife's dollar in th(
future than in the past. He re

CoUey Cranberry
Company

SHIPPERS OF CAPE COD
CRANBERRIES

"SUITSUS*' Brand

Plymouth, Mass.

Office
17 Court Str«et

Telephone
Plymouth 1622

Twenty

t)orted, however, the cranberry
trade is not pessimistic about cran-
berry sales, provided the quality is
good. He cautioned growers not
to get more consumer resentment
by shipping inferior fi'esh fruit.

Lester Haines of the New York
office of ACE spoke upon car load-
ings.

Regarding the damage done to
the Massachusetts crop by the
August heat wave, an estimate
was given that the prospects had
been diminished by at least 10 per
ent, although it might run much
ligher. This would reduce the
Massachusetts crop by approxi-
nately 50,000 barrels, and took in
10 consideration of potential frost
osses. Fruitworm injury, it was
;aid, is less than normal. Getting
sack to the heat, Earle Boardway
)f Carver said that during the in-
:ense heat he placed a thermom-
;ter upon his lawn and it regis-
ered 130 degrees. He said a ther-
nometer suspended from the side
)f his house showed lesser degrees,
)ut this proved to his mind that
he ground temperature was in-
ense.

Miss MacNalley of the ACE
:poke at length upon the promo-

tion program for the sale of cran-
berries the Exchange has planned
for this year. She showed various
proofs which will appear in black
and white in daily newspapers and
of color ads which will appear in
various magazines. There will al-
so be rotogravure pictures of cran-
berries and recipe books. One of

the new recipes being featured, she
said, is cranberry-apple pie, as
both fruits are in the market at •
the same time. She said ACE is
working closely with Pillsbury
Flour in a promotion program to
move fresh fruit, although no name
of fresh fruit is being mentioned
in the ads which Pillsbury will

The Forges Contractors, Inc.

WATER ST.

Tel. 1763

PLYMOUTH, MASS.

Cranberry Bog Building and Rebuilding

Power Shovels, Cranes, Clamshells

Draglines. Bulldozers and Trucks

Dealers in:

Prefabricated half and full circle "Whipple
Flumes".

New England Metal Culvert Co. Pipe.

-Leter xV« -Lie 1^

age

44

KEEP SMILING"

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 740

Peter A. LeSage

*=* YARMOUTH

Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries Tei. Bamstabie i07

Twenty-one

sponsor.

An assessment not exceeding
$1 per barrel was voted by mem-
bers of NESCO.

At noon the usual delicious lun-
cheon was served to the attend-
ance and the meeting continued
into the afternoon.

F

REDERICK

V.L

AWRENCE

INCORPORATED

•

READY-MIXED CONCRETE

SAND— GRAVEL

CONCRETE BLOCKS

ROAD BUILDING

EXCAVATING

DRIVEWAY CONSTRUCTION

3 MODERN PLANTS

2 BUILDING MATERIAL
STORES

•

MAIN OFFICE

FALMOUTH 1800

Wareham 1180 Hyannis 1900

Ground-Water
Resources
of Cape Cod

by HENRY N. HALBERG

EDITOR'S NOTE:

The article "Ground-Water Resources
of Cape Cod, Massachusetts'* was pre-
sented before the Cape Cranberry Club
in Harwich last March. The author.
Henry H. Hallbere. is engineer in charge
U. S. Geological Survey, Boston, Mass.
Lack of space has orevented this article
appearing in an earlier issue.

(Continued from last month)

As explained previously, there
are two chief types of glacial ma-
terial on Cape Cod, namely, the
till and the outwash deposits. The
till will furnish only relatively
small amounts of water because of
its low permeability. Water does
not pass freely through this type
of material. However, wells tap-

ping git can usually supply plenty
of water for household, drinking,
and sanitary needs. In the mor-
aines mentioned, the one on the
east shore of Buzzards Bay, and
the one on the north side of the
Cape, till deposits predominate.
Hence shallow ground-water sup-
plies should be less plentiful there
than in other parts of the region.
In parts of these areas glacial out-
wash sediments may be interbed-
ded with or may underlie the mo-
rainic material, and may furnish
appreciable quantities of water.
It would require test drilling to
determine if such is the case. Also
the Cretaceous sands and gravels
underlying the morainic deposits
at considerable depth may givt
copious supplies if it is found nec-
essary to tap them.

The outwash sands and graveb
deposited by melt water issuing
from the glacial ice are the bes
sources of water in this area
These sands and gravels were wel
sorted and deposited in layers b;
the flowing waters. Good location
for ground-water supplies, ther
:...ula be found in what has beei

■ rr.

Specify and he sure you get

CUPROLIGNUM

to Save Costly Renewals on Flumes
and Headgates

CUPROLIGNUM SHINGLE STAIN

For new clapboards, old stained or new shingles. Can be painted
over if desired.

CUPROLIGNUM COPPER BOTTOM PAINT

with the addition of Cuprolignum gives added resistance to bar-
nacles or teredoes by penetrating the wood cells, depositing toxics
which remain after paint film has completely disintegrated.

New England Representative

ROBERT S. CHASE

195 Marlboro Street Boston 16, Mass.

Manufacturers: RUDD PAINT & VARNISH CO., Seattle, Washington

Twenty-two

:lled the Mashpee Pitted Plain,
lat area cf the Cape east of the
dge of hills along the east side

Buzzards Bay and south of the
lis on the north side of the Cape
id extending as far east as Or-
ans, and also in the area between
lis second set of hills and Cape
Dd Bay.

The forearm of the Cape from
le vicinity of Orleans northward
I Pilgrim Lake in Provincetown

also composed of this type of
itwash sand and gravel and would
lerefore be an ex eectnllsource of
■ound water.

Another area of this nature is
lat north of the Cape Cod Canal,

the area between Great Herring
3nd and Long Pond, and is there-
i-e a good potential source of
•ound-water supply.

Quality of Water
In those of your cranberry bogs
at are located close to salt water,
) to a thousand feet or more from
, there may be trouble with salt-
ater infiltration into the well.

the bottom of the well could be
:pt above sea level this would not
ippen but generally along the

coast the water-bearing beds do
not extend far enough above sea
level to permit this, so that the
wells must extend below sea level.
This does not mean that the water
table or water level is below sea
level. Fresh water, being lighter
than sea water, forms a lens float-
ing on salt water in the ground,
and mixes only in a narrow zone
where the two are in contact. For
every foot the water table is
above sea level the fi'esh water ex-
tends downward roughly 40 feet,
below which is salt water.

If a well is put down into this
fresh water and pumped, the salt
water rises. When the salt water
rises to the bottom of the well,
the water will be contaminated.
By calculating from the depth of
the well and the height of the
water table above sea level, one
can figure about how far the water
level can be lowered when pump-
ing and still avoid salt-water con-
tamination. Obviously, in order to
avoid this condition, the well
should be as shallow as possible to
obtain the needed quantity of
water.

An example of salt-water con-
tamination is furnished by the
Provincetown public supply in
North Truro, composed of a group
of driven 2V2-inch wells located
near tide water. The water be-
came brackish after the wells were
put in use and it was necessary to
abandon the wells nearest the
ocean and drive new ones farther
inland.

Irrigation for cranberries re-
quires fairly large quantities of
water, but sufficient water should
be available in many areas of the
Cape. For example, flooding 1
acre of land, 6 inches deep required
about 22,000 cubic feet of water,
or 163,000 gallons. This means
that at 300 gallons per minute you
would need 545 minutes or 9 hours
to flood 1 acre this deep, making
no allowance for infiltration of the
water into the ground. One well
pumping 300 gallons per minute
would produce this amount, six
wells at 50 gallons per minute, or
ten wells at 30 gallons per minute.
Such a supply could be obtained
in many places from a group of
driven wells or well points. If

We Are Happy to Congratulate

JOHN F. SAWYER

UPON BEING THE DEAN OF NEW ENGLAND INSECTICIDE
MEN; AND ARE PLEASED TO HAVE HIS ORGANIZATION, THE
FROST INSECTICIDE COMPANY, WAREHOUSING AND DIS-
TRIBUTING OUR PORTABLE CONVEYOR EQUIPMENT,
CONSISTING OF: WHEEL CONVEYOR, ROLLER CONVEYOR,
PORTABLE AND PERMANENT BELT CONVEYORS.

Mathews Conveyer Company

San Carlos, Calif.

Ellwood City, Pa.

Port Hope, Ontario

Twenty-three

the water is to be used to irrigate
or to spray and. ice the vines for
frost protection by means of
rotary-head sprinklers, probably a
minimum of about 70 gallons per
minute per acre would be needed.
This probably could be obtained
from two to four driven wells. The
estimate of 70 gallons per minute
is based on using nine sprinklers
per acre, each using 7.5 gallons
• per minute.

Installing driven wells probably
is one of the most satisfactory
methods for small cranberry-grow-
ing- operations. These wells are
easy and inexpensive to install.
They do not last as long as drilled
wells, but undoubtedly will last
long enough for any use contem-
plated, as their life is many years.

Drilled wells can also be used to
advantage. They are more expen-
sive to install than driven wells
but have a longer life. Screens of
different lengths can be placed in
them to take advantage of the full
thickness of the water-bearing
formation.

The gravel-packed well is more
expensive and. perhaps could not
be utilized extensively for small
irrigation projects. Its use would
be warranted where there is a
pumpage of several hundred thou-
sand gallons a day. It is one of
the more popular types of well
used for relatively large supplies
on the Cape. Several public sup-
plies have been installed using this
type of well.

The depth of the well to be used
will d.epend to a great extent on
the location of the water-bearing
strata and the depth to the water
table or artesian bed. If the area
is not far above sea level the water
table will be close to the surface,
but in the upper levels of the
Mashpee Pitted Plain or a similar
location the water level may be
deep enough to require deep-well
pumps that do not depend on suc-
tion. In all cases test wells are
advisable to determine whether

'^<^-'

the d.esired quantity of water is
available.

In general, ground- water sup-
plies on the Cape are quite abun-
dant. Prospects for finding water
are good in most localities. Your
local well drillers can be of much
assistance because of their know-
ledge of conditions in the area,
and of the costs and types of wells

which have proved most successful.
Publications of the Geological Sur-
vey, the Department of Agricul-
ture, and other agencies contain
information that will be of much
value to you. The Geological Sur-
vey will be glad, to furnish any
available information to you. The
office is in Room 927 in the Post
Office Building in Boston.

(«n«ard ind rev»f^e.
9 Poiltiv* iction. multl.

pla dl(e clutch.
m Full tlzMl Vt'elKtic
^ alloy ttMl tinat.

ARIENS COMPANY • BRILLI0N.WI5.

Beaton's Distributing Agency

NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS
of

for over a quarter century
in United States and Canada

VVareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 130 or 970

NOW that Fall is here
with its shorter hours
of daylight, and its
potential danger of
frost . . .

ELECTRICITY

is more valuable to you

Plymouth County Electric Co.

WAREHAM

Tel. 200

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 1300

Twenty-four

MIN-OT

FOOD PACKERS, Inc

BRIDCETON, NEW JERSEY

Packers of

iy\\ i^'\J I Strained Cranberry, Sauce

and

dOniUap'S WUe CranUr^ Sauce

Represented by

BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY

WAREHAM, MASS.

Here Are Three Facts Most Important
To You This Year

1. This year especially growers must turn to the fresh cranberry outlets.

2. The American Cranberry Exchange has been selling fresh cran-
berries 41 years — and last year shipped more than 72% of its
members' total production on the fresh market.

o. EATMOR is the only brand of fresh cranberries that has for thirty
years received nationwide advertising and publicity.

The wartime spree is over. Storekeepers are working hard to sell many items.
They want the brands best known to the housewife — the brands that receive nation-
wide advertising. For fresh cranberries that means only EATMOR CRANBERRIES.

There are plenty of other advantages besides our selling power in Exchange
membership. You get service, many aids, the benefits of cooperative purchasing. And
there's no investment required when you become a member.

For more information ask a member; ask your local sales company; or write to

The American Cranberry Exchange, Inc.

90 West Broadway, New York 7, N. Y.

The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative
Agricultural License No. 1

Marketers of

' Eatmor
Cranberries

Chicago

New York

VINL. A :^^U,UUU,UUU A YtAK INUU::>IKY

PE COD
:W JERSEY
nSCONSIN
OREGON
WASHINGTON

The "National" Cranberry Harvest Queen receives her crown at South Carver, Massachusetts.

(CRANBERRIES Photi.)

30 Cents

October, 1948

WHY

. . . wait until your crop
has been harvested . . .

.... and guess and gamble
with it.

WHEN

.... you can be sure of a safe, sound way of disposing of youi
cranberries, by using the services of this Company, which is
thoroughly and economically equipped to handle them, as proven
by our 54 years of successful marketing. If you are not a mem-
ber of this progressive Company, you are invited to become one.

Growers Cranberry Company, Inc.

Oldest Cooperative in the Cranberry industry
Oldest agricultural Cooperative in New Jersey

PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY

COLUMBUS

I

Charted a course to unknown lands. He did'nt know
where he was going.

BUT, we do. We are going to bigger and better crops,
here in Wisconsin.

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

(A Cooperative)

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DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS

Massachusetts

Call
WAREHAM 162

S. G. M. Packard & Go.

Hardware — Locksmiths
For Maintenance Supplies

Middleborough
Trust Company

MIDDLEBORO
MASS.

Member of

The Federal Deposit

Insurance Corporation

Extensive Experience in
ELECTRICAL WORK

At Screcnhouses, Bogs and
Pumps Means Satisfaction

ALFRED PAPPI

WAREHAM. MASS. T«l. aae

USE DYNAMITE

The modern way to re-
move stumps, excavate
rocks, DIG CORES FOR
DIKES, and other blasting
work in cranberry growing.
Speeds up work — reduces costs.
CONSULT WITH US ON ANY
WORK YOU ARE PLANNING.
Trained by Hercules Powder Co.

ALTON J. SMITH

High St., Hanson, Mass.

Tel. Bryantville 297

An Ad

m

CRANBERRIES
is your message
placed before the in-
dustry.

PLYMOUTH
NATIONAL BANK

Plymouth
Massachusetts

Member Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation

Edwin K. Greer Co.

WAREHAM. MASS.
Est. 1891 Tel. Wareham 108

PIONEERS RETAILERS OF
BUILDING MATERIALS

CATERING To The CRANBERRY
INDUSTRY

LUMBER DRAIN PIPE

WOOD PRESERVERS BOLTS

TOOLS

H. R. Bailey Co,

South Carver
Massachusetts

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.
in stock

Morris April Bros.

Bridgeton - Tuckahoer

New Jersey i

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

Wood
County
National
Bank

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

MKMBKR PBDKRAL DKPOSIT
INaURANCI CORPOHATION

SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY

ADAMS & GOULD

Lumber Dealers

"Everything Under Cover"

East Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 648

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Paints - Hardware

Attention
Cranberry
Growers ! !

We have

Drain Pipe

arge Sized Terra Cotta
akes a Permanent Installation

LALPH W. ELLIOT

mdwich Rd., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 794

lail Addreis: Buzzards Bay, RFD

Plumbinf and Haatlns Service

ROP-SAVER

brand

INSECTICIDES
FUNGICIDES

or ihe Cranberry Grower

CROP -SAVER
HEMICAL COMPANY, Inc.

1511 West Potomac Avenue
Chicago 51, Illinois

Cape & Vineyard
Electric Company

Offices:

Chatham

Falmouth
Hyannis

Vineyard Haven

EaUblUhed ll4t

Hall & Cole

Incorporated

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

94 Faneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON, MASS.

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES
SPECIALTIES

Car Lot Receivers

Acushnet
Saw Mills Co.

GOOD
WOOD BOXES

Cranberry Growers

Order Harvest and

Shipping Boxes

New Bedford, Mass.
Est. 1866

Harvest

and

Shipping
Boxes

Jesse A. Holmes & Son

Carver, Mass.
Tel. Carver 10-3

The National Bank of Wareham

Conveniently located for Cranberry men

Funds always available for sound loans

Complete Banking Service

Member Federal Deposit Inaurance Corp.

Mass. Cranberry
Station and Field Notes

by J. RICHARD BEATTIE
Extension Cranberry Specialist

.

After a late start, the cranberry
harvest began about September 14
in Massachusetts. The delay in
picking was due primarily to the
lack of proper color and size of
the berries in early September
when harvesting usually begins.
The prolonged drouth and heat of
August and the first part of Sep-
tember was responsible for this
situation. In fact, many bogs were
so dry that growers hesitated to
begin picking operations even in
mid-September because of possible
damage to the vines. The delay in
picking posed a real frost problem
since water supplies were very low.
However, we have been resaonably
fortunate as of October 1 as far
as frosts are concerned. We did
have a rather severe frost Septem-
ber 16, when temperatures as low
as 20° were recorded, resulting in
a IVr damage to the crop accoi-ding
to Dr. Franklin.

Speaking of frosts, the telephone
distributors would appreciate know-
ing when the growers are through
picking. It will save them consid-
erable time and the Cape Cod Cran-
berry Growers' Association un-
necessary telephone bills. The tele-
phone distributors are performing
a real service for very little return.
They have to be on duty both
afternoon and evening during the
entire frost season. Some distri-
butors have over forty growers to
contact. It certainly is a thankless
job, and a little cooperation on our
part would be greatly appi'eciated.
On September 22, a demonstra-
tion of the Western Cranberry
Picker was held at the State Bog
under the supervision of R. J. Hill-
strom, manager of the Western
Pickers, Inc. This mechanical
picker has been demonstrated on
seyeral bogs in Massachusetts this
yejar. Judging from the results of
the demonstration here at the

State Bog, it appears that further
developments of this particular
picker may be worth watching.

A few suggestions on late fall
management are offered for the
grower's consideration. Dr. Frank-
lin reminds us again of the im-
portance of the fall Clean-up Flood.
Wherever possible, this flooding
should be done as soon as the bog
is picked whether the floats are
salvaged or not. Such a flood rids
the bog of much of the harmful
trash that accumulates yearly. The
airplane — propeller-type float boat
is well adapted for this type of
woi'k.

This is the time of year to check
the spread of the fungous disease
known as Fairy Ring. Those un-
sightly circular areas of dead or
dying vines on the bog should be
treated now. If you are not sure
of its identification, why not con-
tact your county agricultural agent
or the Cranberry Experiment Sta-
tion. Dr. H. F. Bergman has work-
ed out the control measui-es. They
are not outlined in the Insect and
Disease Control Chart but were
given in last month's issue of
"CRANBERRIES". Briefly, the
recommendation is the copper sul-
phate treatment, using 10 lbs. of
copper sulphate crystals dissolved
in 100 gals, of water, applying 1
gal. to a sq. ft. of bog. Dr. Berg-
man points out that this treatment
should include an area of approxi-
mately 3 ft. outside the infested
area and 2 ft. inside the circle.

Fall fertilization comes in for its
share of attention. While there is
considerable research necessary be-
for we have definite information in
this field, according to Dr. Chand-
ler, the fall is one of the periods
to fertilize bogs that need it. A
high phosphorus fertilizer is wor-
thy of consideration, such as the
1-2-1 ratio. Amounts would vary

between 200 to 500 lbs. per acre,
depending on the condition of the
bog. It might be well to discuss
your fertilizer problem with Dr.
Chandler prior to making applica-
tions.

Pruning and raking on dry bogs
should definitely be postponed un-
til next spring. This suggestion
is particularly in order on the Cape
where there are many dry bogs.
Dr. Franklin and Joe Kelley have
observed that there is considerable
increase in damage from winter-
killing where dry bogs are pruned
and raked in the fall. In fact,
after harvest all operations on a
dry bog should be postponed to
the spring. Apparently the mech-
anical injury to vines from tramp-
ing over them makes them more
subject to winterkilling. A word
to the wise should be sufficient.

Now for a few suggestions from
Dr. Cross on fall weed control. Dr.
Cross urges growers to stake off
those areas on their bogs where
loosestrife, poison ivy, and small
brambles have been troublesome.
This will enable the growers to con-
fine their treatments for these par-
ticular weeds to the staked areas
and enable them to treat early be-
fore the weeds have made excessive
growth. Dr. Cross reminds us
again that the time to kill weeds is
when they are small, which applies
when using chemicals as well as
when weeding by hand. PDB can
be used under sand as late as Nov-
ember 10th with satisfactory con-
trol of poison ivy and wild bean.
This is the season to pull out the
woody plants such as hardback,
meadow-sweet, and red maple, mak-
ing sure that you get the roots.
Asters and beggar-ticks should be
weeded out before going to seed.
Dr. Cross recommends mowing off
the tops of saw brier and bull brier
this fall as it helps to retard these
troublesome weeds. The tops of
loosestrife should be pulled or
mowed off to prevent further
spread. Finally, Dr. Cross's ex-
periment with a new selective weed I
killer looks very promising, pai'tic-
ularly for the grasses, sedges,
rushes, and brambles. It is known
under the trade names of Sovasol,
No. 5 Varsol, No. 2 or Mineral
Spirits. To simplify the matter of
trade names, this particular weed

(Continued on Page 17)

Four

'^

Issue of October. 1948 — Vol. 13. No. 6

Publiahed monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription S3 00 ner T»»r
Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the' Act' of March 3. 1879.

FRESH FROM THE FIELDS

Compiled by C J. H.

MASSACHUSETTS

A severe electrical storm ripped
over most of Southern New Eng-
land in the early evening of Sep-
tember 18. Beginning about 5
o'clock and continuing until about
8 at Wareham, sheet and chain
lightening played over the skies in
blinding flashes. The wind blew
fiercely and the rain came down
heavily, .41 inches being recorded
at the Cranberry Experiment Sta-
tion. The storm was described in
newspapers the ne.xt day as "cy-
clonic" or "near hurricane" in the
Boston papers, the next morning.
It took at least two lives in New
England. There was apparently
no hail in the cranberry area. The
rainfall doubtless helped somewhat,
but it was not enough to do the
bogs much good.

On September 20th there was a
slashing rainfall, but the total as
recorded at the State Bog was but
.45 inches.

Frost occurred on the morning
of September 22. Low degrees
were reported. Some of these were: '
State Bog, 32; Pierceville (West
Wareham), 27; Tihonet (Wareham)
28y2; Lowell Cranberry Company,
Carlisle, Middlesex County, 25.

Th^ Massachusetts crop now
apparently looks something like
the original estimate of 550,000
barrels. That is, according to
some sources, but others report
differently. "Mel" Beaton of the
Beaton interests says his own crop
is cut 10 per cent, this being due
to the berries not sizing. The
September report of the New Eng-
land Crop Reporting Service as
of September 1st, issued on Sep-
tember 15th, gave out 530,000 bar-

rels, a decline of 4 percent from
the August estimate. It looks like
anybody's "guess," as this issue
goes to press.

Rainfall for the month of Sep-
tember totaled 1.13, much of this
being due to a good, soaking rain
on the final day of the month when
.69 inches fell. The hottest day
was on the 11th, when 86 was re-
ported at the State Bog. The
coldest was 35 on the 17th. Dr.
Franklin sets the fall frost loss to
October 1st as 1 percent.

First damaging frost of the fall
occun-ed on the morning of Sep-
tember 16. Temperatures at the
State Bog, East Wareham, reached
a low of 36°. The forecast of Dr.
Franklin was 27 for inland bogs.
The degree reached at the bog of
the Lowell Cranberry Company at
Carlisle in Middlesex County was
24. Some berries were "nipped"
there and at other inland bogs.
There was little, if any damage
at bogs nearer the coast.

On the morning of the 17th there
was even heavier frost. The low-
est report for the Wareham area
was 24, which was at the bogs
managed by C. E. Whitlock. These
are at East Wareham. There were
many reports of 26 and 27. The
low reached at Carlisle was 20.
Dr. Franklin estimated damage as
light, as most bogs could have been
protected.

WISCONSIN

The crop, as of September 28 was
reported by "Del" Hammond, man-
ager, Wisconsin Cranberry Sales
Company, as "looking bigger every
day." He said the prospect appear-
ed for between 200-225,000 barrels.
There was very little frost damage,

and ideal growing weather in-
creased the size of the berries. He
further says the keeping quality
should be good, one i-eason being
that some growers raked dry be-
cause of the water shortage. There
were about 15 frosts during Sep-
tember, and on the night of the
26th there were reports of 19 and
22, but no damage.

Harvesting started in earnest
about the 18th and 20th. Most of
the growers are expected to be
through by the middle of October.

The water situation does not
look good for the winter flood.
There was no rain to build up res-
ervoir supply. A sudden cold spell
that would freeze the ground to
any appreciable depth, and then a
drying wind would bring winter
kill. Growers are hoping for
heavy rains between now and the
middle of November.

OREGON

by Ethel M. Kranick

On September 7th tempei'atures
went to 93 degrees. Most of the
growers ran overhead irrigation to
cool the air. No immediate damage
was reported, however, a recent
sampling of the Cape Blanco bog-
formerly owned by Mr. Urann, in-
dicated about 13'; damage al-
though overhead irrigation was
run for six hours. This is a new
marsh only three years old and the
vines were thin in spots. There
was rain on September 14, 15 ahd
16, also on September 20, 21, 22
and 23, which cut down on the
need for irrigation.

Southern Oregon harvest began
on September 27 with handpicked
berries.

(Continued on Page 17)

Five

Cranberry Festival for Editors, Photographers and Others

This Was at "Edaville"
South Carver, Massachu-
setts, Oct. 2d. Planned as
a Preliminary Event to
National Cranberry Week,
October 18-23, It Was
Highly Successful.

A cranberry festival was held at
"Edaville", South Carver, Massa-
chusetts, for representatives of the
press, including newspapers, mag-
azines and radio. This was a high-
ly successful affair, as hundreds at-
tended.

The affair opened with a tour of
the main plant of NCA at Hanson,
then extended to "Edaville". The
first scheduled event at "Edaville"
was a ride on the famous narrow-
gauge railroad, with 414 riding on
the first train. During the prog-
ress of the ride scooping was wit-
nessed for the first time by many,
also the Western Picker in oper-
ation, with "Rudy" J. Hillstrom of
Oregon in charge, also the NCA
floatboat, propelled by air-plane
motor and propeller, was viewed.
Old-Fashioned Clambake

Upon the return to the "Eda-
ville" station, the group assembled
for an "old-fashioned" New Eng-
land clambake. This included ev-
erything from steamed clams,
through sausages, frankforts, lob-
sters, white and sweet potatoes.
onions, to coffee. A colorfully uni-
formed band placed during the eat-
ing of the bake.

Following the bake the program
opened with reading of the "Proc-
lamation of Cranberry Week", Oc-
tober 18-2,3, by Senator Edward
Stone of Osterville. This had been
written by Massachusetts' Gover-
nor Robert F. Bradford, who sent
his apologies for not being present.

The master of ceremonies for
this part of the program was Ken
Dalton, Brockton Enterprise com-
mentator on station WBET. Dal-
ton introduced Marcus L. Urann,
president of NCA, and announced
that the day was his birthday and
that Mr. Urann's happiest birthday
present was seeing so many folks
present and happy. Mr. Urann
said: "3,000 growers would be
happy to welcome you here. Peo-
ple have been so co-operative that

you are justified in belonging to
the cranberi'y family."

Youngest Grower

The youngest cranberry grower
in the United States was intro-
duced. He was Walter Edgar, who
has a bog in Lakeville. He owns
this bog with his brother, who was
not present because he was playing
football.

Oldest Worker-Grower

George Cowen, president of New
England Cranberry Sales Company,
introduced Henry Appling of Car-
ver, who was announced as the old-
est cranberry worker in the United
States, having worked on bogs 66
years. E. L. Bartholomew pre-
sented W. F. Harlow. 92, of Co-
tuit, as the oldest cranberry grow-
er. Both were presented with
plaques.

Harvest Queen

Then Harrison F. Goddard,
chairman of the committee of
judges for the selection of the
"Cranberry Harvest Queen", pre-
sented and crowned Miss Marcia
Williams of Carver as the selec-
tion. He said: "I crown you as
Harvest Queen. May you bring
harmony and prosperity to the
industry." He gave her a sceptre,
a silver cup, and a bouquet of
flowers. She was dressed in a
dazzlingly white gown, and had a
flowing mantle of i-oyal purple
trimmed with ermine over her
shoulders.

John C. Makepeace of Wareham,
an outstanding grower, spoke a
few words and introduced Dr. H. J.
Franklin, director of Massachusetts
Cranberry Experiment Station. In
recognition of his 40 years of sei'-
vice to the industry, in his perse-
verance and outstanding efforts
for the advancement of cranberry
culture. Mr. Makepeace presented
him with a silver tray.

"Cranberry Bounce"
From here on the program took
a lighter turn. A trio of young
ladies sang the song hit, written
by Sammy Kaye, entitled "Cran-
berry Bounce". The new dance
step to this same turn was given
by two dancers who were flown up
from New York. , The dancers
were "Terry" Wilson and Charles

Rhyner. This dance was create 1
by Arthur Murray and the dancer.';
are star teachers of his school.
Mock Wedding
The mock "wedding" of the little
white hen and little red cranbervy
wound up the program. Attorney
John Quarles of Boston scted as
the clergyman. The hen was
Elizabeth Torrey of Hanson, who
was di-essed in a fluffy, white-
feathered costume. The cranberry
was a gigantic replica of a can of j
cranberry sauce. Andrew Cristiei
of Kingston, New Hampshire, act-
ed as the. bride's father. He is one
of the largest poultrymen of the
nation.

Hundreds of Cameras
There were hundreds of cameras I
in operation most of the day. Most I
of the operators of these were pro-
fessional, some amateur. "Bar- j
rels" of flashbulbs were shot off i
The amount of film used must hav«
equaled the mileage of the "Eda-
ville" R. R., which is 5^4 miles,
The host and hostess, of course!
were Mr. and Mrs. Ellis D. Atwood.
and the attendance were indeed
grateful for their hospitality.

The reception committee invited
consisted of the following:

Representing Massachusetts —
Marcus L. Urann, president Nat-i
ional Cranberry Association; Johw
C. Makepeace, secretary-treasurer
National Cranberry Ass'n; Russell
Makepeace, vice president in charger
of fresh cranberry sales. National*
Cranberry Ass'n; Mrs. Russell
Makepeace; Ellis D. Atwood, di*i
rector National Cranberry Ass'n; <
Mrs. Ellis D. Atwood; Harrison F."
Goddard, director National Cran-
berry Ass'n; Robert S. Handy, di-
rector National Cranberry Ass'n;
Kenneth G. Garside, director Nat-
ional Cranberry Ass'n; Frank*
Crandon, director National Cran-
berry Ass'n; Kenneth J. Atwelli
Fresh Cranberry Sales, National
Cranberry Ass'n; H. Gordon Mann,
vice president in charge of Canned
Cranberry Sales, National Cran-
berry Ass'n; Melville Beaton, pres-
ident John J. Beaton Company,
Inc.; Mrs. Edith L. Beaton; A. D.
Benson, treasurer and manager
New England Cranberry Sales

Six

Company; Miss Sue A. Pitman, as-
sistant treasurer New England
Cranberry Sales Company; Orrin
G. Colley, president Colley Cran-
berry Company; C. J. Hall, editor
CRANBERRIES Magazine; Mrs. C.
J. Hall; Dr. Henry J. Franklin,
Massachusetts Cranberry Station;
Dr. H. F. Bergman, Massachusetts
Cranberry Experiment Station;
Dr. Chester E. Cross, Massachu-
setts Cranberry Experiment Sta-
tion; Dr. F. B. Chandler, Massachu-
setts Cranberry Experiment Sta-
tion; J. Richard Beattie, Massachu-
setts Cranberry Experiment Sta-
tion; Joseph T. Brown, County
Agricultural Agent, Barnstable
County; John F. Harriott, assistant
treasurer National Cranberry As-
sociation; Sherman L. Whipple,
III, Grower Relations, National
Cranberry Ass'n; Nathaniel Ryder,
treasurer National Cranberry Cred-
it Corp.; Olin Sinclair, National
Cranberry Ass'n; Carl B. Urann,
president United Cape Cod Cran-
berry Company; Marcus M. Urann,
director United Cape Cod Cran-
berry Company; Mrs. Marcus M.
Urann; Garland G. Brooks, United
Cape Cod Cranberry Company;
Mrs. Garland G. Brooks; Janet E.
Crawford, Director of Home Eco-
nomics, National Cranberry Ass'n;
Ellen Stillman, Director of Adver-
tising, National Cranberry Ass'n;
Lois Day, Publicity Editor, Nat-
ional Cranberry Ass'n.

Representing New Jersey — Theo-
dore H. Budd, president American
Cranberry Exchange; Isaac Harri-

son, director National Cranberry
Ass'n; Enoch F. Bills, director Nat-
ional Cranberry Ass'n; Edward V.
Lipman, Grower Relations, Nat-
ional Cranberry Ass'n.

Representing Wisconsin — Charles
L. Lewis, director National Cran-
berry Ass'n; Henry P. Duckart,
president Midwest Cranberry Co-
operative; Leo A. Sorensen, man-
ager Midwest Cranberry Cooper-
ative; Miss Jean Nash, president
Wisconsin Cranberry Growers Com-
pany; C. M. Chaney, manager
American Cranben-y Exchange;
Clyde McGrew, secretary and
treasurer American Cranberry Ex-
change; Lester Haines, American
Cranberry Exchange.

A New Name
In The Industry

Robert St. Jacques, son of E. C.
St. Jacques, is now associated with
his father in the Hayden Separator
Co. in Wareham, Massachusetts.

"Bob", who has worked with the
company during summer vacations,
was graduated this past June from
Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y.,
with a degree in Mechanical En-
gineering.

He attended Wareham High
School, where he was very active
in athletics and other school func-
tions, and graduated in 1942 as
president of his class. The follow-
ing fall he entered Cornell, and
through use of the accelerated
program was able to finish the

equivalent of two years' study be-
fore entering the U. S. army. He
served in Italy, first in the Ord-
nance Department, then with the
Allied Commission, where he was
in charge of routing civilian relief
supplies from the United States to
the final distribution points in It-
aly. After 30 months service, he
was discharged and re-entered
Cornell in the fall of '46. While
at Cornell, "Bob" was a member
of Sigma Chi Fraternity, Kappa
Tau Chi, an honorary engineering
society, and particip'ated in several
other activities.

At the Hayden Separator Co.,
"Bob" is now becoming familiar
with the various phases of the me-

FALL Reminders...

PRUNERS

WHEELBARROWS - RAKES

BOG PUMPS— 7 in. to 20 in.
AIR-COOLED ENGINES— 1 1,2 to Gl^ HP.
MINNEAPOLIS — MOLINE ENGINES— 26 to 50 HP.
SEPARATORS — ELEVATORS— for your own screening.

HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO.

WAREHAM, MASS.

Tel. 497-W
497-R

Seven

chanical work and of the cranberry
industry in general, and is already
putting many of his ideas into use
in the business. He is now begin-
ning to relieve slightly the strain
which has been on his overworked
father for so long and hopes to
improve this situation steadily.
Then, with the pressure relieved,
and the added facilities to be found
in the new shop which Hayden
proposes to build in the near fu-
ture, the cranberry growers may
expect to see valuable improvement
in the Hayden machinery line and
the assurance of the continuity of
sevrice in general for many years
to come.

SCOOPS

and

SCREENINGS

Miss Elizabeth C. White of
Whitesbog, New Jersey, and Miss
June Vaile of New Jersey were
visitors in the Massachusettss cran-
berry area toward the end of Sep-
tember. One point of call was the
Cranberry Experiment Station at
East Wareham, where it was the
extreme pleasure of yours truly
(CJH) to have renewed old ac-
quaintance with Miss White.

Jesse F. Buffum, WEEI, Boston,
we understand made a broadcast
upon the fact that John F. Sawyer
of Frost Insecticide Company, Ar-
lington, Massachusetts, is the dean
of insecticide people in New Eng-
land. This was based upon last
month's story about Mr. Sawyer in
CRANBERRIES. We didn't hear
it ourselves, as we are seldom up
as early as "Buff" broadcasts, this
time being before 6.4.5 a. m. But
at any rate he is a good friend of
the cranberry industry and is giv-
ing it some good publicity. Inci-
dentally, "Buff" was at the Cran-
berry Festival at Carver on Oct.
2nd, and although we missed this
again, we do not doubt he gave the
industry another good boost.

Mrs. Guy C. Meyers, whose hus-
band owns Cranguyma, largest
cranberry property on the West
Coast, accompanied by Mr. and
Mrs. Frank Glen of Long Beach.
Washington, attended the Cran-
berry Festival, Oct. 2nd, at "Eda-
ville", South Carver, Massachu-
setts.

Richard Thacher is Giving the

NECSCO Members Excellent Servic

He Is the Agent of That Co-
op in Barnstable County,
Massachusetts

A young man who has given
good service to the members of
New England Cranberry Sales Co.
in Barnstable County (Cape Cod
proper) for about two years is
Ralph Thacher. Ralph was born
in Belmont, Mass., in 1917. His
father is Eben Thacher of Brewer
& Lord Insurance Company, 56
Batterymarch Street, Boston.

It was through Ralph's ex-
perience as a fire protection en-
gineer, going around inspecting
cranberry screen-houses for the
risk involved that he first became
interested in cranberries.

Ralph is rather a modest sort of
individual and it was a bit difficult
to get much information from him

of his service cai'eer in World Wj
II. Most of the time of the inte
view his head was stuck into
jammed separator at the We;
Barnstable screenhouse of NEC!
CO. He was busy.

But it was finally learned ths
he has a rather remarkable ws
record. He entered the U. S. Arno
as a private. He was dischargf
with the rating of Lt.-Col. He sa
four years and 28 days in tl
Pacific theatre of war. This inclui
ed service in Japan. He was acti'i
mostly as port commander in Ne
Caladonia, the Solomon Island
and various other points. He sai
the war was "no fun" and theij
were many times when he was ui)
der attack from the air when I
doubted very much if he wou
ever come back alive. He mac

(Continued from Page 16)

Eiyhl

ISSUE OF OCTOBER, 1948
Vol. 13 No. 6

L/ ^!o^'^^'^'««<4^^

CRANBERRY FESTIVAL

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM. MASSACHUSETTS

WE attended the Cranberry Festival for
the representatives of the radio, daily,
weekly, press and magazines at South Car-
ver on October 2nd. In fact, we were hon-
ored to have been on the reception com-
mittee, as was our spouse, also.

This certainly was quite an affair. We
don't remember when we have put in such
a busy day. The ride on the Edaville R. R.
must have been a thrilling experience to
the representatives. In fact, we enjoyed it
ourselves, even though we have been over
the route many times. Not only the repre-
sentatives, but the many growers and oth-
ers present seemed to greatly enjoy the
entire program, from this first ride, through
the clambake, and the official program
which is reported in full elsewhere in this
issue.

Much favorable publicity to the indus-
try should result from the well-planned day,
this of course being the purpose of the en-
tire event.

CONGRATULATIONS

IQUR congratulations in the selection of
Miss Marcia Williams as "Cranberry
Harvest Queen." Also our congratulations
in bringing to the front the youngest cran-
berry growers, the oldest cranberry worker
ind the oldest grower. Also, of course, to
;he well-deserved tribute to Dr. Henry J.
^'ranklin and the presentation of the silver
;ray and the autographed book. Finally
;o Mr. M. L. Uurann, upon the planning of
;he event and upon his good health on an-
)ther birthday.

'QUIZZES" PAY OFF

DECENTLY we were down on the Cape

and stopped in a better-class restaurant,
rhe "Cranberry Quizzes" were on ade-

Subscription $3.00 per year
Advertising rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS
Wisconsin

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington-Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY
Cranberry Specialist
Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK
Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station

East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station

Pemberton, New Jersey

quate display in a little cranberry scoop.
A party of four tourists spotted them.
They read the Quiz through with interest
and chuckles. (We were eavesdropping).
Then they ordered four cranberry cock-
tails, since they had just learned they were
in the cranberry country. This was well
after Labor Day, so it would appear these
"Quizzes" are very definitely paying divi-
dends to the cranberry growers, and the
Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association
is definitely to receive a word of praise in
thinking of the idea.

Nine

•' 5
Ji £ o

ow o
o >

£ c

<^

3 a

w^

i-U

«<

"And I Put By
My Chart and
Glass . . ."

Captain Alvin Cahoon, with his
crocus bag filled with wild vines
picked from the Dennis cranberry
grounds had started from the Bay
Side of that town toward his native
Pleasant Lake, in the neighboring
town of Harwich. When he became
inspired to grow cranberries after
seeing the Henry Hall vines, Cap-
tain Cahoon became a vital link in
carrying cranberry culture from its
first home. His act directly set in
motion a progress of cranberry
growing at Pleasant Lake, which
provided a tremendous impetus
to the industry, so much so that
Harwich has often been credited
with having been the true starting
point of the cranberry industry.

Captain Cahoon, who was one of
the better known coasting skippers
of that period when these staunch
little schooners were building Cape
prosperity, symbolized that large
group of Cape seafarers who gave
up salt water to grow cranberries.
As expressed by Captain Bill in the
poem "Attune":

"There's nothing to me in foreiErn lands
like the stu'" that grows in Cape Cod
pands : there's nothing in sailing of for-
eign seas equal to petting down on your
knees and pulling the pizen ivy out: 1
guess I knew what I was about when
I put by my chart and glass, and took
to growing cranberry sass."

Captain Cahoon carried, cranber-
ry culture to Harwich which was to
become then for long years the
recognized center of cranberry
growing. And just as Dennis had
provided the vines he carried, so
had Dennis provided the first set-
tler of Harwich; Gershom Hall, son
of John Hall, immigrant ancestor
of Henry Hall. Gershom Hall was
born in Barnstable in 1648 and
bought land in Harwich before
1688. He was a farmer, millwright
and. lay preacher, dying Oct. 31,
1732. He probably gathered wild
cranberries but never cultivated
them, but his great-great-grand-
son, another Gershom did, in about
1864, and this bog is still produc-
ing berries for his son, Charles D.
Hall.

Captain Alvin was born, March
25 1812, early took to the sea as
did many Cape Cod youths of
"spunk" then, and had been mak-

Twelve

The above photo shows "Joe" Franklin of Wareham, Massachusetts, scoop-
ing cranberries at the State Bog at East Wareham, "Joe" is 87 and has scooped
cranberries for many years. He has also had a long experience as a fisherman,
and in the 1870's was a member of whaling crews of ships out of New Bedford,
Massachusetts. His voyages included those on the bark "John P. West."

(CRANBERRIES Photo)

ing many of his voyages out of
Dennis. Finally when he was about
thirty-four, and had observed the
highly successful affinity of the
vines near the Dennis sea shore
and the Dennis beach sand on his
many trips on foot back and forth
that in the spring of 1864 he set
out eight rods in back of his home
at the margin of Seymour's Pond.
He not only had been bringing
home Dennis vines, but had occa-
sionally been met by his wagon at
the end of a voyage and, had cart-

ed back the white beach sand from
Dennis, even though there was
equally white sand in plenty around
the many Pleasant Lake ponds.

The vines were planted under
water and occupied a patch of
about twelve square rods. Half an
acre was completed the following
spring, the turf being cleared and '
removed, so that the mud beneath j
could surround the ends of the ]
vines. Nearly an acre more was
planted in 1848 and during the |
winters of that year and 1849 near-

ly four acres were cleaned, up, but
were not set to vines as the water
level was too high. In 1850 vines
were planted in this area, but did
not grow well. There was too much
water in Seymour's along the
beach where the swamp was situ-
ated.

This too-high water level gave
Captain Alvin the idea of digging
a canal from Seymour's pond to
Hinckley's pond less than a quarter
mile away. Seymour's had no out-
let, but Hinckley's did, to the
ocean through the so-called. Her-
ring River at West Harwich. He
had noticed considerable seepage
from Seymour's to Hinckley, as the
latter was about two feet lower.
He thought a ditch five feet wide
would do the trick, but it was
necessary to dig through rises
nearly thirty feet high. It was
rather a staggering undertaking
for a century ago, although a
modern steam shovel would have
ut through it almost no time.

With wheelbarrows, the aid, of

:wo hired men and his small sons

le started in to do so in the fall

f 1852. His neighbors natui-ally

scoffed at the idea and would vol-
unteer no help. But all that winter
he and his small crew shoveled the
bogs after school and it was com-
pleted, on April first of the fol-
lowing year. Possibly he consid-
ered that date a good day upon
which to confound his doubters
with completion of the project.

It was made the occasion for a
celebration, and neighbors of Pleas-
ant Lake and from nearby villages
were present, and it is told, there
was the ringing of bells and the
blowing of horns. With the realiza-
tion that the canal had been done,
some of his neighbors who would
benefit by the general lowering of
the water-level. The water table
settled rapidly and in three weeks
Seymour's pond was two feet low-
er. After this date other bogs were
built at Pleasant Lake, which has
since then been one of the great-
est of small areas of cranberry
production.

POEM

Sez Ebenezer Whiffletree

To Joshua, his son,
"We ought to get some cranberries

Afore the season's done."

Sez Joshua, as gloomily

He gazed upon the sod,
"We ought to get a-plenty, Pa,

We've worked hard on this bog."

Old Ebenezer's eyes were shrewd,

The while they twinkled, too.
"Ye sound discouraged, Son", sez he

"As like yer sorta blue."
Joshua paused and drew a breath,

Then, "Look here, Pop", sez he,
"Why can't we do some other work,

The kind appeals to me?"

Old Ebenezer looked at him

And slowly shook his head,
"I ain't a-holdin' of ye, Son",

The old man gently said;
"If yer a-hank-ring for to go

And learn some other work.
But, Son, I like my job right well

And I ain't a-gonna shirk.

"The hum o' motors may call you,

P'raps the written word.
The movies and the radio,

The actors that you've heard;
And I ain't saying that yer wrong

Exceptin' just one way —
In thinkin' this be thankless work,

Our laborin' each day.

'Cause when I reap my harvest,

An' get my berries' Son,
I get a feeling rich and big

Of knowing work well done.
And when I see the berries that

Have come up just from sod,
I feel as if somehow I've had

A sorta glimpse of God."

Specify and he sure you get

CUPROLIGNUM

to Save Costly Renewals on Flumes
and Headgates

CUPROLIGNUM SHINGLE STAIN

For new clapboards, old stained or new shingles. Can be painted
over if desired.

CUPROLIGNUM COPPER BOTTOM PAINT

with the addition of Cuprolignum gives added resistance to bar-
nacles or teredoes by penetrating the wood cells, depositing toxics
which remain after paint film has completely disintegrated.

New England Representative

ROBERT S. CHASE

195 Marlboro Street Boston 16, Mass.

Manufacturers: RUDD PAINT & VARNISH CO., Seattle, Washington

Thirl^^n

THOMAS BROTHERS
General Contractors

MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

Tel. Middleboro 772

Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells
Transit Mix Concrete

Complete Line of Construction Equipment
Excavating - Grading - Hauling

Leave the Tough Jobs for Us
Our Experience is Your Guarantee

FOR PRE-FABRICATED FLUMES

See

R. A. XRUFANX

Hydraulic Consultant

Bog Railroads For Sale or Rent

Tel. Carver 64-11 NORTH CARVER, MASS.

"Little Drops of Water,
Little Grains of Sand"

by Clarence J. Hall

Had it been possible to hover
over Cape Cod in the decade begin-
ning 1840, ■ an all-comprehensive
eye would have seen that narrow,
twisting, sandy peninsula in the
blue Atlantic a stirring scene of ac-
tivity. Little packets were putting
out from, and returning to village
ports. Coasters, laden with cargo
of every description, were plying
the waters. Cod and mackerel
fisheries were good. From various
harbors, Provincetown to Falmouth
whalers were going to sea. Wher-
ever on the globe rolled the deep
oceans Cape captains and men were
at the peak in their trade.

In This Era, Cranberry Growing
Began

Vessels were sliding down the
ways, and all business with a stake
in the maritime business was boom-
ing. Salt manufacture was passing
its zenith. Up in Sandwich the
glass workeds were blowing and
pressing the Sandwich glass, later
to be so prized. All over Massa-
chusetts since the War of 1812
there had been industrial develop-
ment.

In this era the morning sun of
cranberry growing was fortunate
enough to be rising. Stirred byi
the stimulus of the times, men
started to make cranberry bogs,
With little drops of water and tinj
grains of sand they began a new
industry, an American one.

This was the time of whic'
Thomas Hall (early grower) wrote
"cranberries are bringing a ver
high price." It was the time o:
which Amos Otis write: "All thei
cultivators of Dennis are now cul-j-
tivating their beds by preadini
sand." The time of which MrJ
Eastwood was to write fiftee

years later: " the minds ol

many were awake to this subjec^l
(cranberry culture."

Early Growers Bespattered

These first growers were largel;
bespattered with unpleasant ri
marks and told that it would bi
a useless . attempt. Yet the all-
comprehending eye would have seel

(Continued on Page 16)

Fourteen

EASTERN AIRLINES

Cranberries join the Silver Fleet

ANY PLACE— ANY TIME— ANYWHERE

United States, Canada, Mexico.
Via the World Charter Service, North Carver. Mass.

18,000 lb. minimum loads from New Bedford,
Providence and Boston.

Phone Carver 55.

GEORGE L. PASS, Mgr.

Diesel Water Pumping Units

•

Buda and Hercules 100 H.P. Diesel
Pumping Units — 1,000 g.p.m. — 280 ft.
head, manufactured in 1944 and used
only as standby fire protection. Oper-
ators with a large volume of water
to pump will find that these units will
do it at lowest cost for fuel and ser-
vicing. These are the finest pumping
units built.

Specifications and prices on request.

Veg-Acre Farms ■■ Irrigation Division

CAPE COD

FORESTDALE, MASS.

Western Pickers
Now Offered
For Outright Sale

The Western Picker has now
completed two years of experimen-
tation and demonstration in the
State of Massachusetts. During-
the 1948 season demonstrations
were given to all growers who re-
quested one. These tests were so
uniformly successful that many
pickers were loaned to growers this
year who placed orders for the new
1949 model.

The Western Picker is now go-
ing to be sold outright. Until
proven it was considered best to
pick only on a royalty basis, as
such a basis went hand in hand
with development.

The obstacles that were not all
overcome this year were many and
dramatic.

All bruising of berries was elim-
inated. Vine damage was reduced
to a minimum. The necessity of
raking a bog at all was overcome.

90'/r of all bogs picked in Massa-
chusetts with Western Pickers
show IC"/; to 200'/r increase in
yield this year.

At the Mass. State Bog it was
demonstrated on Oct. 6 that the
Western Picker is an efficient and
practical Water Picker also, doing
no damage to berries, vines or bog
and putting the harvest berries in
the collecting box ready to land on
shore.

Extensive tests over many varied
bogs showed the covering capacity
of the Western Picker to range
from 8 to 10 hours per acre, re-
gardless of the 'number of barrels
per acre.

The actual cost per bbl. harvest
ranged from 40c per bbl. for 100
bbl. per acre to $3.00 per bbl. on
bogs having 10 bbl. per acre.

Since each Western Picker will
cover 10-1.5 acres per season the
economies of it are self-evident.
Savings will range from $300.00 to
$600.00 or more per season.

The price of the 1949 Western
Picker will be 81,200.00, with $500 '
Picker will be $1,200.00, with
$500.00 down with the order. Since
production this year will be limited
to less than 100 pickers it will be
necessary to place orders now to
assure use of a picker next year.
Reference, 1st National Bank, Port-
land, Ore., C. B. Branch. Inquire
through your bank.

The order address is

WESTERN PICKERS INC.
COOS BAY, OREGON

(Advt)

Fifteen

(Cotitinueil from Page 14)

men evei-ywhere, clearing, turfing,
draining, diking and sanding little
irregular patches of ground.

They knew cranberry vines grew
bn the margins of ponds, by the
Bides of streams in the peat swamps
and they had found it near the
beaches. Those who owned what
they believed to be suitable patches
of swampy land turned their atten-
tion to trying to grow cranberries
in these places. They transplanted
vines. A surprisingly large num-
ber of the Cape growers began on
the firm foundation of laboriously
clearing up thoroughly and turfing
their selected sites. Most were as-
tutely aware almost at once of the
value, of the grains of sand. Many
at first were illusioned with the
theory that the cranberry requires
more water than it really does.

As close to the sea shore as was
possible without having the salt
water flood the vines was the spot
chosen by many.

By coincidence, and with no es-
sential bearing upon the story of
cranberry culture, this is the year
in which a barrel of cranberries
was washed ashore, presumably
from some ship on the island of
Tershelling off the coast of Hol-
land. This barrel was taken to the
home of the Dutch finder and later
its contents were thrown away.
Vines became established and some
years later another Hollander found
about sixty acres thickly over-
grown with American cranberries.
These vines, still some years later,
led to a small European cultivation.
The Cape pioneers and those of
other communities of a century ago
were crossing the thi'eshold of a
new industry, crossing with uncer-
tain step. These men, some of
them, left in the pages of Dr.
Eastwood's book and elsewhere
first-hand accounts of their early
groupings. It is but natural that
some, in fact many of their the-
ories seem odd to cranberry grow-
ers of today.

NICE RADIO SEND-OFF

"Cranberry Bounce" and then told
how this song got its name (from
the separator.) He ended by saying
the week is an invitation to cran-
berry lovers everywhere to partici-
pate in the pleasure of cranberry
eating throughout the year.

Bulletin

Just as this issue closes the Oc-
tober first outlook, released on
October 15 by New England Crop
Reporting declared that for the
United States the prospects ap-
peared to be 899,000 barrels. This
is the largest production on record,
exceeding the previous record high
of 877,300 grown in 1937. Massa-
chusetts was estimated at 540,000,
a big increase in Wisconsin to a
probable 225,000 and a record foi
Washington of 52,000, near record
for Oregon, 15,000. Only state not
increasing production was New
Jersey, accorded 67,000 barrels.

Notice

"Cranberry Growing in Massa-
chusetts" by Dr. Henry J. Frank-
lin, has been issued by the Massa-
chusetts Agricultural Station. This
is bulletin No. 447. Dr. Franklin
has asked us to point out printer's
error on page 3. This is in regard
to a table of the production of

Ms

AMpd«liFor,
Every P/essure

For Form, Orthbrd or Truck Gortlen. Eoiily
and quickly n*i|nfed on any irrigation pipe.
HMivy duly tmt> and bronie conilruclien
•»' Sand and dirt proof. Wa.

iforingt— no oil or grease re-
moving parte to rapidly
lum coverage— even dittri-

for long servE
ter lubricated!
quired. No
wear out, Mq
bution.

J BUCKNER MANUFACTURING C0.(.
161 S Blackilone Ave., Freeno, Calilomla

BUCKNER SPRINKLERS

Walter F. Piper, broadcasting
the "New England Almanac,"
WEEI, Boston, October 14, gave
National Cranberry Week, October
18 to 25 a nice send off. He siaid
that a lot will be heard of the

"^^kpjM.

co.>

cranberries from 1900 to 1947. The
heading reads the figures are in
bushels. They really are in bar-
rels.

Richard Thacher

(Continued from Page 8)

several trips back to the States on
confidential missions. He won't
like this, but he appears to have
been quite "heavy brass," at least
towards the end of hostilities.

Today besides being active at the
West Barnstable screenhouse of
NECSCO he also works at one at

CUT TALL GRASS...
WEEDS ...BRUSH "

Mows fast and clean
around buildings, fields,
under trees, fences,
along road-
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light corners.

Cuts 4 to 6

acres in 8 hrs.

Easy to handle on

rough ground or sleep

slopes. Cuts 1 '/^"from ground. Rugged.

Econamical. Dependable.

for FULL
PROTECTION
from
RAIN and SUN

ll'^l WASHINGTON STREET
WEST NEWTON 66, ftlASS.

The Comfort KOOL TOP attaches to most
popular tractor and implement models.
EXTRA big — ?ivcs Three full »eei o* pro-
tection on tut tidtt Does not rnwrfei*:
with tractor operation — vou may stand oi
SIT while working Canvas cover is water-
ftroof. mildew resistant folds like una

brella when not m use Keep cool aiMi
dry with the KOOL TOP'

Sixteen

Orleans. He supervised the pick-
ing of about 140 acres of bog in
his county this fall with a crew of
30 which was transported from
bog to bog. He has added new
members to the Sales Co. and di-
rects management of several
properties.

He is a cranberry grower, him-
self, now, ovming 7 acres of bog at
Flax pond in Harwich. This was
old bog but in excellent shape
when purchased. He hopes to own
more cranberry property, event-
ually.

He lives at Hyannis, with his
wife, Helen, and daughter, Joan,
2V2 years. His hobby, when he
has any spare time, like so many
other cranberry growers, is hunt-
ing and fishing.

Cranberry Station and Field Notes

(Continued from Page 4)

killer will be referred to as Stod-
dard Solvent in the future. We
will hear more about this material
at a later date.

The highlight of the month will
be the featuring of National Ci-an-
berry Week, October 18-23, by all

cranberry growers and their re-
spective organizations. This is a
promotional program for the good
of the entire industry. Let's give
it the support it deserves. After
all, it is the growers who benefit
from such an undertaking.

Fresh from the Fields

(Continued from page 5)

Neils I. Neilson, the government
statistician from Portland called on

growers in Southern Oregon Fri-
day, September 7th.

*****

The State- Wide Agricultural Re-
search Committee which met in
Portland on September 2nd became
a permanent organization called
The Oregon Agricultural Research
Council. The purpose of this or-
ganization is to study the need for
research in the various fields of
agriculture and to make recom-

B. H. COLE & CO., INC.

Jorth Carver, Massachusetts

This year Massachusetts will observe its first "Cran-

berry Week". ... a week which it is hoped will be-

come as much a tradition in New England as our

boxes are a tradition in the cranberry industry.

We've been making boxes since 1707 and that adds

up not only to a lot of boxes, but also a lot of exper-

ience— and in our business it's experience that counts.

FRAMIf H rni F p.„

hlstablishi'd 17U7

Stokely's Finest

CRANBERRY
SAUCE

NONE FINER

STOKELY FOODS, INC.

90 Riverside Ave.

NEW BEDFORD, MASS.

Seventeen

mendations to the state legislature
for necessary means to carry out
the approved program. The cran-
berry industry was invited to have
a representative on this council.
At the present time Oregon has no
research work in the cranberry in-
dustry but representation on this
council gives the growers of the
state hope for future work along
this line.

Increased taxes and other costs
in the face of a 44'/ decrease in
the price of cranberries has given
growers some grave concern. At
a meeting recently called to discuss

ways and means of cutting costs it
was agreed to reduce the price paid
to labor. The price of 50 cents a
measure for picking, 80 cents an
hour for sorting, and $1.25 per
hour for other labor was decided
upon as a fair cut.

The. National Cranberry Associ-
ation cannery at Coquille is com-
plete and ready to take care of
Oregon berries. The new freezer
will hold 5,000 barrels of berries.
The can lines are all complete and
two new graders have been in-
stalled to grade berries for the
fresh market. Since the bulk of
the berries will be water scooped

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

17 Court St.
Plymouth* Mass.

BOG MANAGEMENT

^^Sc

'c/;

'<»/.

ej

Tels: Plymouth 1622
Kingston 319

If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will
pay you to see us.

A number of properties available, more wanted.

a new dryer has been installed t(
dry the berries that will be soh
fresh from this method of harvest
ing.

The Queen contest for the Ban
don Cranberry Festival will begii
on October 1st. Plans to make thi
1948 Festival bigger and bette
than 1947 are underway. Commit
tees are meeting and outlining th(
basic plan for each event.

Heavy rains in September havi
caused delay in sanding operation
on several new bogs.

NEW JERSEY

The average daily mean temper
ature for September has been '3.8
below normal, giving a daily meai
temperature of 64.4°. This coc
weather has been favorable fo
cranberry coloring. Several frost
occurred on the bogs during th
latter half of September, but min
imum temperatures were not lo^
enough on any night to cause in
.jury.

Perfect cranberry hai"vestin!
weather prevailed thi-oughout Sep
tember when only 1.40 inches o

New England Cranberry Sales Company

PACKERS AND DISTRIBUTORS
OF

Eatmor
Gr a rib err i e s

THE CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE

ORGANIZED IN 1907

9 Station Street

Middleboro, Mass.

Elfhteen

tain fell. Because of a minimum
of time lost from rainy days and
frost flows, most of the early ber-
ries were harvested by the end of
the month.

Cranberry growers were just as
well pleased that rain was scanty,
but blueberry growers were hoping
for a good soaking so that they
could get started on their fall
planting. In addition, blueberries
on high, sandy land were showing
the efl'ects of the drought.

The picking of Early Blacks was
well completed by the end of Sep-
tember. It is possible that the
general loss from hot water injury
during the last week in August
will amount to about 15% of the
August estimate. The dry weath-
er of late September was not de-
structive up to September 29, but
it has shown an effect on the weight
of the berries. The quality of
floaters appears to be considerably
better than usual.

Someone Tried
A Pigment

Paris green, first of the arsenical
insecticides, was adapted to farm
use less than 80 years ago and be-
came the first standard stomach
3oison for crop destroying insects,
rhat yardstick helps measure the
/outh of agricultural insecticides
ind fungicides.

David Ansbacher, one of the
)ioneers of this industry, contrib-
ites much of the story. At an age
le will divulge only as "somewhere
)ast 70", he has been retired for
nore than 15 years, living quietly
a New York, known only to a few
ntimates as an anonymous sup-
porter of charities.

MATHEWS

CONVEYOR

and

TRACK

Frost Insecticide Co.

Box .36
.\KUNGTOX, 74 MASS.

His father, A. P. Ansbacher, had
been making cry colors since 1852,
including Paris green as the pig-
ment for a brilliant hue known as
Emerald green, French green, or
Vienna green. So far as he knew,
that would, continue to be the or-
dained use for Paris green. But
in the new State of Wisconsin, in
the 1860s, a farmer tried sifting
Paris green and flour over his
plants to kill potato beetles.

It worked. The farmer, George
Liddle, Sr., of Fairplay, wrote
about it to the Galena Gazette.
Others tried it. Official approval,
accorcing to one historical te.xt,
came along in 1869.

A. P. Ansbacher and one or two
other early Paris green makers
were surprised to find, a new mar-
ket and an unexpected new demand
for their new product. The Colo-
rado potato beetle was rampant.
The green arsenical flowed out in
increasing volume through com-
mercial channels. More and more
farmers tried it and wanted it.
Before long the Cotton South be-
gan calling for Paris green for
cotton worms and army worms.
Vegetable growers joined the de-
mand.

In 1888 David An.sbacher, as the

young son, came into the business.

His father's factory in Brooklyn

+ — .

I

still was making only dry colors
and Paris green, but the latter now
was running 3,000 pounds a day
through the fall and winter pro-
cuction season. As he grew up in
the business he saw the Paris
green production climb past 5,000
pounds a day. One peak season at
this one plant totaled 1,400,000
pounds, before the Ansbacher pro-
duction curve leveled off and began
to decline.

David Ansbacher offers a num-
ber of reasons, as he saw them, for

F

REDERICK

V.L

AWRENCE

INCORPORATED

•

READY-MIXED CONCRETE

SAND— GRAVEL

CONCRETE BLOCKS

ROAD BUILDING

EXCAVATING

DRIVEWAY CONSTRUCTION

3 MODERN PLANTS

2 BUILDING MATERIAL
STORES

MAIN OFFICE

FALMOUTH 1800

Wareham 1180 Hyannis 1900

DECAS BROTHERS

Grower); Of

Cape Cod
Cranberries

Phone 147

WAREHAM, MASS.

I

Nineteen

that eventual Paris green decline.
Lead arsenate came along, for
example. It was cheaper, contain-
ing less arsenic and no copper.
Farmers preferred it primarily be-
cause it caused less foliage dam-
age. Also the gypsy moth was

becoming a menace, and according
to one historical text the gypsy
moth caterpillar was pretty much
immune to Paris green.

William H. Rose, another pioneer
now retired and living in Jersey
City, fills in the story from that

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IRRIGATION AND FROST CONTROL

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There is no other similar or equal equipment
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No charge for Design and Blueprints to suit your particular

bog.

LUNDQUIST CO., Inc.

TEL. PUTNAM (CONN.) 1917

WEST WOODSTOCK, CONN.

point on. He was with the Inter
state Chemical Co., one of the ear
ly producers which went out o
existence with the 1929 crash. H
also was in on the early confer
ences which worked out the Fed
eral Insecticide Act of 1910.

British-made London purple, a
he remembers it, was pushed for
while in place of Paris green, bu
met with objection for several rea
sons. Some experimenters wer
working on double-decompositio
methods for making paste lea
arsenate; by about 1900 it bega
to take hold as an insecticid.e.

Like others, the Interstate con
pany tried selling a combinatio
lead arsenate-Bordeaux mixtui
product. And, like others, it ra
into government trouble. "TY
Federal men", Mr. Rose remen
bers, "said that under certain coi
ditions there wasn't enough coppi
in the combination to contr
blight. We showed them it wasn
true in 95 per cent of cases. B\
they insisted on including moi
copper. The result was a lowi
proportion of lead arsenate, redui
ing the killing power against ii
sects. The growers didn't like it.
L.

Colley Cranberry
Company

SHIPPERS OF CAPE COD
CRANBERRIES

SUITSUS" Brand

Plymouth, Mass.

Office
17 Court Street

Telephone
Plymouth 1622

Twenty

I

Troubles Were Many

"We were shipping five-pound
ails of Bordeaux, fully approved
nd bearing approved labels. But
'e found many of the labels were
estroyed in transit. So we put
le pails in wooden boxes and
larked the boxes. We were fined
ecause the outside of the package
id not state the amount of active
nd inert ingredients, though these
ere fully stated on the pails. I
)ught against that sort of ruling
)r years".

Another of the confusions in

lose days was a wide variation in

ad arsenates. "Before the 1910

ct" (Federal Insecticide Act), Mr.

ose recalls, "these varied from 2

) 14 per cent arsenic oxide con-

■nt and were sold at whatever

rice could be obtained.. I hap-

3ned to be in Washington in con-

■rence with Dr. L. O. Howard.

len chief of the Bureau of Ento-

ology and Plant Quarantine, and

minted out to him that the pro-

)sed Act fixed 50 per cent water

i the basis, leather than the ar-

■nical content. He recognized

is and immediately phoned the

ipitol — to be informed that the

:t had passed just one hour ago."

I Still another early trouble was

normous distrust among manu-

cturers. There was no such thing

an honest price; competition

is all cutthroat. The growers

lyed upon this, misrepresenting

ices to get concessions. My

mpany had a contract with the

w York State Fruit Growers

sociation; they established

ices; the growers would ase that

ice for a bargaining basis and

lers would shade it."

One of the factors that helped

isumption catch up to the indus-

's production, which by govern-

nt urging had been doubled dur-

the first World War, was the

imple set by West Coast fruit

)wers. "They found that with

aying they could produce per-

t fruit. They shipped in such

lutiful graded fruits that it prac-

lUy forced the enactment of the

w York State Grade Law and

use of equipment for grading".

)ne other recollection of the

ly industry deals with the sales

iblems. Mr. Rose remembers a

it to break into the export mar-

ket to Cuba. "None of us could
get in there, no matter what kind
of promotion we tried. We found
the answer was that one company
had a distinctive skull and cross-
bones design on its arsenical pack-
ages. While the Cuban growers
might not be able to read the label,
they remembered that picture.
Nothing else would do.

"And there was the smart com-
pany that got out the slogan, 'Let
Us Spray'.

"The reaction was very, very
bad. Farmers thought it was a
play on a religious phrase!"

Cranberry Prices
Are Slashed

American Cranberry Exchange
on September 15 made an opening
price of $3.75 a quarter-barrel box
or $15.00 a barrel for Skipper and
Mayflower grades of Early Black
cranberries. This price is the same
as National Cranberry Association
announced. NCA cellophane pack
was announced as $4.00 a quarter
for fresh. NCA's price on canned
sauce was $1.70 a case.

Both co-ops asked their member-
ship to be sure of berries suitable

Protects Cranguymal

Protect ior^^/ from
Frost and Drought
^^^^^^^i^^^^^^^^^^i^g^m^^^^^^^^^^^ o* Cronguyma Forms,
PHOTO COURTESY OF PORTLAND OREGON JOURNAL '•°"9 ^^°'''' W°**'-

SPREADING out in an impressive acreage in the great North-
west, Cranguyma Farms at Long Beach, Washington, represents
an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand-
ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000
Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall
whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica-
tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinklers. The distrib-
utor or dealer listed below will be pleased to furnish additional
information upon request.

PACIFIC COAST DISTRIBUTORS

R. M. WADE and CO. ARMCO DRAINAGE & STOUT IRRIGATION INC
Portland, Oregon METAL PRODUCTS CO. Portland, Oregon

Portland, Oregon

EAST & MIDWEST DISTRIBUTORS

L. R. NELSON MFG. CO.
Peoria, Illinois

MASSACHUSETTS DEALERS
JOSEPH BRECK & SONS IRRIGATION DIVISION VEGACRE FARM
85 State St., Boston, Mass. Forestdale (Cape Cod), Mass.

RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CORP.

GLENDORA

CALIFORNIA

Twenty-one

for a quality pack this fall, wheth-
er fresh or processed.

Coming at a time when general
food costs have reached an all-time
high, the low cranberry prices
should be welcome to housewives,
and this reflects the attempt of the
cranberry industry to "wrestle"
with the high cost of living. The
new prices make cranberries one
of the few fruits or foods in the
market which are less expensive
this year than last.

Mass. Car Loadings
Above Last Year
As Of Sept. 29

Car loading through Middleboro
as of September 29 were 209 as
compared to 146 last year. This
is the report of the New England
Cranberry Sales Company.

FISH FOR CROPS

shad, herring and porgies for ma-
nuring their land.

Then, in 1639, fish were used ex-
tensively, being applied to a field
every third year. The farmers
came back in 1644 with a rule they
sponsored in the town of Ipswich,
Mass. That year it was ordered
that all dogs should have one leg
tied up so that they could not
scratch out the fish.

The fertilizing with fish was
one of the first types of soil en-
richment for better crops and is
vastly different to the millions of
pounds of commercial and organic
fertilizers used today. One of the
reasons that the use of fish was
stopped was that they became too
scarce — which was probably when
the fishermen and sportsmen had
their inning. — Esso Farm News.

Cranberry Fireworm
And Blossom Worm

WM. E. TOMLINSON, JR.

N. J. Agricultural Experiment
Station

On June 20, 300 years ago,
farmers in the Plymouth Colony
were forbidden to use bass and
cod for fertilizing their soil. How-
ever, they could use bony fish like

(Continued from Sept. Issue)

Sparganothis Fruit Worm

Sparganothis fruit worm, which
has been called the false yellow-
headed fireworm, does not belong
among the fireworms. We have
named it Sparganothis fruit worm
because the webbing is so sligh^.
that it is easily overlooked, and
the main damage caused by it is
from feeding of the larvae inside
the fruit.

If you find worms feeding in the
fruit and they are not greenish or
tinged with red on the back, and
the berries are not filled with cast-
ings, it is a safe assumption that
you have Sparganothis fruit worm
and not cranberry fruit worm.

Insecticidal control is uncertain.
It is not affected by the regular
winter flowage. Holding the win-
ter flood until July kills it in bogs.
Blossom Worm

This is not a fireworm, but a cut-
worm. As far as I know, its abun-
dance is in no way related to win- !
ler flooding practices. There may
bo some relation between its abun-
dance and the wetness of the bog, i
n3 it apparently prefers bogs that |
n e on the wet side. This is prob-

JUter XV» -Lie l^

age

"KEEP SMILING"

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 740

Peter A. LeSage

YARMOUTH

Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries Tei. Barnstable i07

Twenty-two

ibly related to the eg-gr-laying hab-
ts of the moths, which in common
vith other cutworms prefer to lay
heir eggs in low, moist places.

Blossom worm works on leather-
eaf in large numbers, which pro-
ides a ready source of reinfesta-
ion for most New Jersey bogs,
''or this reason, control one season
m a string of bogs is no insurance
gainst trouble the following sea-
on.

Control of blossom worms is not
ifficult. A 12-hour reflow about
he last week in May controls it
ery satisfactorily on bogs drawn
rom April until the first week in
lay.

Waiting until the end of May
Hows time for almost all of the
?gs to hatch and thus makes the
ooding most effective. However,
n early drawn bogs, satisfactory
3nti-ol can be expected with a re-
ow between May 15 and 20 and
lis will reduce the danger to early
jveloping flower buds.

In general, growers do not real-
e how much damage blossom
orms are doing and are not suf-
3iently on the watch for them. It

is good insurance to check all bogs
for the presence of blossom worms
by means of evening sweep-net
collections during all of the second
half of May.

Spraying with lead arsenate or

DDT when the worms are about %
inch long is also a very effective
control. Lead arsenate is used at
the rate of 6 pounds per 100 gal-
lons and DDT at the rate of 2 lbs.
of 50' ( wettable powder per 100

Cranberry Growers...

You value the sound, proven recommendations of
the East Wareham Cranberry Experiment Station in
growing your crops successfully.

Equally invaluable to you is sound, properly
written Insurance fitted specially to the needs of
Cranberry Growers.

E. A. Thacher of this firm will be happy to
discuss your requirements, and without charge or
obligation, prepare a survey of your property and
needs.

Brewer & Lord

INSURANCE
56 Batterymarch Street, Boston

Telephone: Hancock 60830

^^-^ -«^-' -■

West Coast
Growers

.... have
"discovered"

* But its L o w-C o s t

'^^ Sprinkling and Pure

>( Efficiency are helpful

ySStSSA everywhere.

Conserve water! Simplify handling! Irrigate with gentle rain whenever
you please. Quick and easy to handle. No complicated circular patterns of
application. Absolutely even coverage over a rectangular area.

Low Pressure! Less horsepower and no grief from high-pressure, high-
speed pumping. Every drop the same size, falling gently like rain.

Send for Illitstrated Folder and Free Layo%it Chart 1-E.

^ Perf-O-J^aln ~

W. R. AMES COMPANY

150 Hooper Street, San Francisco, Calif.,
or 3905 E. Broadway, Tampa 5, Florida

Twenty-three

gallons. Both should be used at
the rate of 200 gallons per acre.

Indications are that a 57' DDT
dust at the rate of 50 lbs. per acre
is also an effective control for this
pest.

Large or nearly full-grown
worms are much more difficult to
kill. Also, they greatly increase
their destructiveness at this time.
Therefore, it is important to apply
he treatments by the time the lar-
gest worms are about half-grown.

•Paper of the Journal Series. New
Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station.
Rutgers University. Department of Hor-
ticulture.

CORRECTION

It was inadvertently mentioned
in our story of the New England
Cranberry Sales Company meeting
on page 21 of the September issue
that no name of fresh fruit is be-
ing mentioned in the ads which
Pillsbury Flour will carry in nat-
ional publications. The arrange-
ment is that American Cranberry
Exchange will mention Pillsbury
Pie Mix by name, and Pillsbury
ads will mention "Eatmor" cran-
berries by name. The store dis-
play material which will be put up
by Pillsbury salesmen in stores
selling "Eatmor" will also mention
Pillsbury Pie Mix by name and
"Eatmor." ACE color ads will
appear in 12 rotogravure sections
on October 24 and in the November
issues of "Family Circle" and "Wo-
man's Day."

!ng been duly sworn according to law,
deposes and says that he is the owner
of CRANBERRIES, and that the follow-
ing is, to the best of his knowledge and
belief, a true statement of the owner-
ship, management of the aforesaid pub-
lication for the date of the above caption,
required by the Act of August 24, 1912,
as amended by the Act of March 3, 1933,
embodied in section 537, Postal Laws and
Regulations, to wit:

1. That the names and addresses of
the publisher, editor, managing editor,
and business managers are:

Publisher — Clarence J. Hall, Wareham,
Mass. Editor — Clarence J. Hall, Ware-

ham, Mass. Managing Editor — Clarence
J. Hall. Wareham, Mass. Business Man-
eger — Clarence J. Hall, Wareham, Mass.

2. That the owner is;

Clarence J. Hall, Wareham, Mass.

3. That the known bondholders,
mortgagees, and other security holders
owning or holding 1 per cent or more
of total amount of bonds, mortgages, or
other securities are:

None.

CLARENCE J. HALL.
Sworn to and subscribed before me, this
16th day of September, 1948.
(Seal) BARTLETT E. CUSHING.

(My commission expires April 16, 1949)

Correction: The name of Frank-
lin E. Smith was left out by error
as his being elected a director of
Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As-
sociation meeting on August 17th.

Statement of the Ownership, Manage-
ment, Circulation, etc., required by the
Act of Congress of Aueust 24, 1912,
as amended by the Acts of March 3,

1933, and July 2, 1946
Of CRANBERRIES, published monthly
at Wareham. Massachusetts, for October
1948.

State of Massachusetts.
County of Plymouth, ss.

Before me. a Notary Public in and for
the State and county aforesaid, person-
ally appeared Clarence J. Hall, who, hav-

MORE USES FOR

ELECTRICITY

EVERY YEAR
BOTH ON THE BOG AND IN THE HOME

Plymouth County Electric Co.

WAREHAM
Tel. 200

- - PLYMOUTH

Tel. 1300

EZZZZZQ

'A-#//f|.

TILLER Mf/m

* full hsrMpowir motsr

* SUndard twa wMd*—
farward and revarta.

0 Poiltlva action, multl*
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* rull Iliad */»'*lKtr<o

* iHey stHi tlRM.

ANIENS COMPANY • BRILLIDN.WI5.

Beaton's Distributing Agency

NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS
of

for over a quarter century
in United States and Canada

Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 130 or 970

Twenty-four

-OT

FOOD PACKERS, Inc.

BRIDCETON, NEW JERSEY
Packers of

ly\\ IN-W I S trained Cranberry. Sauce

and

COniDap'S Whole Cranberry Sauce

Represenfed by

BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY

WAREHAM, MASS.

FRESH CRANBERRY SEASON
OFF TO A GOOD START !

Orders have come in to the American Cranberry Exchange from
all sections of the country. This is ideal distribution — the sort which
the Exchange was designed 42 years ago to obtain for growers.

The selling push is now on in a big way. The advertising — our
most intensive ever on Eatmor Cranberries is just getting under way.

This is a real, old-fashioned fresh cranberry year. . .. plenty of ber-
ries and plenty of customers. It is hoped the season will have a real old-
fashioned happy ending.

The American Cranberry Exchange, Inc.

The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative

Marketers of

Eatmor
Cranberries

Chicago

New York

RVINC A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY

I4PE COD
EW JERSEY
IIVI5C0NSIN
OREGON
WASHINGTON

CURVACEOUS NATIONAL CRANBERRY WEEK QUEEN

(Photo Press Headquarters. National Cranberry Week, 1S2 West 42nd St.. N. Y.)

30 Cents

November, 1948

-^

I

Continuity of Service

1

j For 54 years we have given uninterrupted service

to the cranberry growers of New Jersey. The second,
third, and fourth generations of our members have
found that there is no substitute for it.

It has been time tested and proven to be the best
service under all circumstances.

Growers Cranberry Company, Inc.

Oldest Cooperative in the Cranberry industry
Oldest aprricultural Cooperative in New Jersey

I
♦_

PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY

THANKSGIVING

Wisconsin growers can be thankful for the fact this
state has bigger crops each year.

We are achieving a record of which we are proud.

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

(A Cooperative)
WISCONSIN RAPIDS WISCONSIN

POLL O W' THR O UGH

From Cranberry Festival to retail store, NCA
carries the chicken-and-cranberry story right
through to the people who count — women shop-
pers who buy cranberry sauce to go with their
chicken dinners as well as the traditional turkey.

The Wedding of the Little White Hen and the
little Red Cranberry was a publicity stunt, and
grocers everywhere are capitalizing on it to
increase their cranberry sauce sales — not only
during the Holiday season, but all year 'round.

CHICKEN wCRANBERRYSA'

iCKEN

•tlb

CRANBERRY SAUCE £ V

^oln with jSCc4 to build a big.g^er market /o/- blg-^er cropA.

National Cranberry Association

Hanson, Massachusetts
Onset, Massachusetts
Plymouth, Massachusetts

The Growers' Cooperative
Branches at:

North Harwich, Massachusetts
Bordentown, New Jersey
North Chicago, Illinois

Coquille, Oregon
Markham, Washington
Long Beach, Washington

DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREHAM 162

S. C. M. Packard & Go.

Hardware — Locksmiths
For Maintenance Supplies

Let Us Handle

Your Power Needs

for Bog Pumps

International Harvester

and

Continental Red Seal

Industrial Engines

SALES and SERVICE

J. M. HACKEn

Tel. Rockland 1864
NO. HANOVER MASS.

Extensive Experience in

ELECTRICAL WORK

At Ser««Bkeui««, Begs «b4
Pumps Mums SatUfaetloB

ALFRED PAPPI

WAKEHAM. MASS. Tal. 6M

USE DYNAMITE

The modern way to re-
move stumps, excavate
rocks, DIG CORES FOR
DIKES, and other blasting
work in cranberry growing.
Speeds up work — reduces costs.
CONSULT WITH US ON ANY
WORK YOU ARE PLANNING.
Trained by Hercules Powder Co.

ALTON J. SMITH

High St., Hanson, Mass.

Tel. Bryantville 297

An Ad

m

CRANBERRIES
is your message
placed before the in-
dustry.

Disston One or Two Man

CHAIN SAW

WRITE FOR DESCRIPTIVE LITERATURE

J. M. HACKETT

Tel. Rockland 1864
NO. HANOVER MASS.

Edwin K. Greer Co.

WAREHAM, MASS.
Est. 1891 Tel. Wareham 108

PIONEERS RETAILERS OF
BUILDING MATERIALS

CATERING To The CRANBERRY
INDUSTRY

LUMBER DRAIN PIPE

WOOD PRESERVERS BOLTS

TOOLS

"CRANBERRIES"
ADVERTISING
PAYS BIG
DIVIDENDS!

Reasonable Rates
on Request

H. R. Bailey Co.

South Carrer
Massachusetts

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.
in stock

Morris April Bros-

Bridgeton • TuckahoM
New Jeirsey

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

Wood
County
National
Bank

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

MIMBIR PBDKRAL DKPOaiT
INSURANCK CORPOKATION

SERVING THE CR.\NBERRY INDUSTkV

ADAMS Cf GOULD

Lumber Dealers

"Everything Under Cover"

East Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 648

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Paints - Hardware

Cape & Vineyard
Electric Company

Offices:

Chatham

Falmouth
Hyannia

Vineyard Haven

Acushnet
Saw Mills Co.

GOOD
WOOD BOXES

Cranberry Growers

Order Harvest and

Shipping Boxes

New Bedford, Mass.
Est. 1866

Attention
Cranberry
Growers I !

We have

Drain Pipe

.arge Sized Terra Cotta
fakes a Permanent Installation

RALPH W. ELLIOT

andwich Rd., Wareham, Mass.

Tal. Wareham 794

MaU Addreaa: Buzzards Bay, RFD

Pluablns and Haatlns Servle*

KiUblUhad 1141

Hall & Cole

Ineorporatad

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

94 Faneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON, MASS.

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES
SPECIALTIES

Car Lot Receivers

Harvest

and

Shipping
Boxes

Jesse A. Holmes & Son

Carver, Mass.
Tel. Carver 16-3

CROP-SAVER

brand

INSECTICIDES

The National Bank of Wareham

Convmiiently located for Cranberry men

FUNGICIDES

For the Cranberry Grower

CROP-SAVER
CHEMICAL COMPANY Inc

Funds always available for sound loans

Complete Banking Service

8611 West Potomae Avenue
Qiieago SI, IllinMB

Uember Federal Devoilt Iniurance Corp.

Mass. Cranberry
Station and Field Notes

by J. RICHARD BEATTIE
Extension Cranberry Specialist

Extension Cranberry Specialist

In spite of a late start, the Mas-
sachusetts cranberry harvest was
nearly completed October 28, which
is only about a week later than in
normal years. Weather conditions
have been unusually favorable for
the fall harvest with the exception
of the week of October 18 when we
encountered several nights of low-
temperatures followed by a real
old-time nor'easter. Apparently
the crop is about as large as first
expected, even after discounting
the damage from sun scald and
drought. Just for the record, the
State Bog (12y2 acres, in East
Wareham produced a pretty fair
crop under Dr. Franklin's super-
vision. The final figures in terms
of screened berries aren't available
as yet, but a total of 3,736 boxes
were picked in spite of fairly heavy
sun scald damage. The New Eng-
land Crop Reporting Service has
placed the Massachusetts crop at
540,000 bbls. as of October 13,
based on reports sent in by grow-
ers. Incidentally, Mr. C. D. Stev-
ens, in charge of the Crop Report-
ing Service, appreciates the time
and effort the growers have given
to filling their crop estimates.
It would be very helpful if more
reports were sent in to his office
in Boston. The information com
piled is of vital importance to the
industry, and the more reports
there are filed, the more accurate
the crop estimate.

As far as frost damage was con-
cei-ned, we were having about a
normal season until the week of
October 18, as mentioned above.
Prom then on, frost warnings have
been going out rather frequently.
The lowest reported temperature
to date (October 29) was an 8°
reading in Carlisle, Mass., on the
night of October 21. Both the ra-
dio and telephone frost warning

Four

services have functioned very
smoothly, judging from all reports.
Just another reminder that Dr.
Franklin's revision of the bulletin
on "Cranberry Growing in Massa-
chusetts", which is bulletin No.
447, is now available for distribu-
tion. It is very well done and
worthy of the grower's consider-
ation. Those who wish to have a
copy can secure one by contacting
their county agricultural agent.

During the month. Prof. Herbert
Stapleton, head of the Department
of Agricultural Engineering from
the University of Massachusetts,
and Prof. Earle Cox, of the Re-
search Staff, began some prelim-
inary studies at the State Bog on
a new cleaning and screening tech
nique for our cranberries. Thei-e
certainly is room for improvement
over our present system. As one
grower observed recently, "We
treat cranberries as though they
were steel ball bearings and still
expect they will stand up well in
shipment." They are also conduct-
ing some storage and ventilation
studies in screenhouses. It will be
interesting to watch the develop-
ment of these experiments.

Among the visitors at the Sta-
tion in October was a delegation
from the Board of Trustees of the
University of Massachusetts. Trus-
tees included Mr. Alden C. Brett,
chairman of the committee of Ex-
periment Stations, Mrs. Elizabeth
L. McNamara, and Mr. John M.
Deely. An informal meeting was
held with Dr. H. J. Franklin and
his staff when the work carried on
at the Station was outlined. In
addition to the Cranberry Experi-
ment Station staff, Professors Her-
bert Stapleton and William Colby
of the University were present.
The trustees had an opportunity to
inspect the Station and its facil-
ities and also visit a few of the

nearby bogs and observe harvest
ing operations. Prof. Fred J. Sie
vers. Director of the Experimen
Station, was chairman of the meet
ing.

Mr. R. B. Wilcox from New Jer
sey spent a few days here in Oc
tober going over the seedling ex
periments with Doctors Bergmai
and Chandler. He brought wit)
him samples of berries picked fron
what we term "the 40 selections.
The size, quality and color of th-
berries taken from some of thes
seedlings is rather amazing. W
will hear more about this wor]
later on.

Growers will remember that the:
were represented as a cranberr;
industry for the first time at th
Production and Outlook Conferenc
held in Amherst last Decembei
A similar conference has been ar
ranged for this year and will b
held December 1 and 2 in Amhersi
It is hoped that a good delegatio
of cranberry growers will atten
this session again this year. Thi
is a real opportunity for grower
to meet and discuss their produc
tion problems and also view th
agricultural picture for the statt
We will have an opportunity t
discuss our marketing problems a
a special Marketing Conferenc
which will be held at a later datt
Speaking of December, Di
Franklin recommends that th
winter flowage should be put oi
usually about December 1 or a
soon as the sand surface remain
frozen all day. To quote from Dr
Franklin's recent bulletin, "Th.
water should be held just dee]
enough to cover the vines. It i
often best to let the highest point
stick out a little where the bog i
much out of level." The above in
formation applies to bearing bogs
New Bogs, according to Dr. Frank
lin, should be flooded for the win
ter as soon as the ground begin:
to freeze because frost in the soi
will cause heaving of the newly
set vines. "The surplus wate:
must be let off at times of thawi
or heavy rains in winter or earl]
spring. If this is neglected witl
vines frozen into the ice, the rais^
ing of the ice will pull them oui
of the ground. The first thre»
years the water should be let ofl
about May 5. Earlier removal exi

(Continued on Page 22)

'^

Issue of November, 1948 — Vol. 13, No. 7
.?-"''-!''_"'-."?'''-''' *'_. ?''','^°"'''".?"P*. ?'"'?• .*'*'° St.^Wareham, Massachusetts.

Enteral .. second-class matter January 26. 1943. at the post-office at Wareham. MassacTuBettrunderihe Act of iSfroh' "'iST.,

Subscription, $3.00 per year.

FRESH FROM THE FIELDS

Compiled by C J. H.

MASSACHUSETTS

October was marked by an ex-
ceedingly heavy rainfall. From
October 23rd until October 26th,
5.31 inches fell. The total for the
month of October was 7.04. This
replenished water supplies for the
ivinter considerably.

Frost Loss
Most of the frost losses in this
itate occurred early in September.
There was not much in October.
Car Loadings
Through Middleboro, which would
;ake care of most of the cranberry
ars from Plymouth and Barnstable
ounties on November 2nd exceed-
d last year. On November 2nd
here were 505 cars shipped as
gainst 273 last year on the cor-
esponding date. This, of course,
akes no account of the shipment
y truck or by airplane.

WISCONSIN

Harvesting was finished by Oc-
ober 20th. There was very little
rost damage, although temper-
tures reached 8 and 10 above,
here were several nights in the
:eens.

The most serious situation facing
he Wisconsin growers is a critical
/ater shortage. It seems that one-
ourth of the acreage in Wisconsin
t the end of October did not have
n available winter flow. There
as been very little rain, and the
eason is approaching when little
ain can be expected. According to
Del" Hammond, general manager
i^isconsin Cranberry Sales Com-
any, one can walk over thousands
f acres of reservoir and not even
et the bottom of his shoes damp,
lie little rain which has fallen has
een soaked up immediately by the

dry ground. If adequate rain does
not fall for winter flooding the crop
could be eff'ected tremendously for
next season, that is unless Fortune
should smile and provide an ade-
quate snow coverage.

The Frost Warning Service was
highly successful. The service that
J. W. Milligan conducted was most
opportune, due to the fact that
growers were so short of water,
and his careful watch on the weath-
er throughout critical nights
helped tremendously. The service
was discontinued on October 15th,
and about 90 per cent of the grow-
ers have expressed their desire to
have this service continued next
year. The Wisconsin Cranberry
Sales Company is now working on
a new program which might be
even more eff'ective and less ex-
pensive. It also hopes for better
coverage of the growers than was
provided last year.

NEW JERSEY

October through the 25th was
a cool, dry month in New Jersey,
with an average daily mean tem-
perature of 54 degrees, which
is 2 degrees below normal. Rain-
fall through the 25th was only 1.79
inches or 1.67 inches below normal
for the month. Frosts occurred on
the nights of the 3rd, 12th, 14th,
15th, 18th, 19th, 20th, and 21st.
The coldest night was the 18th,
when temperatures on the uplands
went down to 25 degrees and min-
imum readings as low as 8 and 10
degrees were recorded on the bogs.
Loss from frost has been low be-
cause generally ideal harvesting
weather prevailed in both Septem-
ber and October so that most of
the crop was ofl" the bogs before
severe frost occurred, Flooding of

the few unharvested acres was not
a problem, in spite of low water
supplies on some properties.
New Varieties

A number of cranberry growers
met at the sorting house of Theo-
dore Budd on October 18 to see
the crop harvested from the forty
U. S. D. A. selections growing at
the Budd property. In general, the
whole collection made a very good
showing. There were a number of
seedlings that impressed the grow-
ers as likely candidates for new
varieties. This breeding project is
especially promising to New Jersey
cranberry growers because a num-
ber of these seedlings have high
ratings for resistance to false blos-
som. Mr. Budd is one of the four
New Jersey growers who are pack-
aging cranberries in one-pound
cellophane bags.

Fruit Rot. Several growers this
year are pleased with the results
they have obtained in spraying for
control of fruit rot. The superior-
ity of spraying over dusting for
the control of fruit rot seems to
have been well demonstrated in a
practical way this year. The use
of a long boom carried by a man
at each end has produced partic-
ularly good control on the Budd
bogs.

OREGON

Oregon has been favored with
an "Indian Summer". October
weather has been perfect for cran-
berry harvest. The first rain came
October 23, but did not last long.
Harvest was expected to wind up
by October 30. Many of the small-
er growers have already finished.

Open House was held at the
Coquille Cranberry Plant in honor

(Continued on Page 22)

Fivf

J. Arthur Baker, Justice Superior Court, Massachusetts,

and Cape Cranberry Grower Goes On A Cranberry ''Mission'

With Members of Ancient
and Honorable Artillery of
Boston He Carries Cran-
berries to Bermuda, hop-
ing to Open Nevi Markets
— Fruit Introduced to Not-
ables of that British Isle.

A novel promotion of cranberries
was made September 29 by J. Ar-
thur Baker, Justice of the Massa-
chusetts Superior Court — and a
Cape Cod cranberry grower — in
Bermuda. This was an introduc-
tion to the "upper cx-ust" of that
British isle to the fruit, and could
result in opening another market.

Judge Baker, a guest of the An-
cient and Honorable Artillery Com-
pany of Boston, with other mem-
bers of that organization, carried,
as he said, "a stateroom full" of
canned Ocean Spray and Eatmor
cellophane-wrapped.

Upon arrival in Bermuda, Judge
Baker said: "We were immediately
invited to a cocktail party at the
Governor-General's home, where
Sir Ralph Leatham and Lady Lea-
thani had some 50 or more promi-
nent businessmen and their ladies.
"I immediately started in on the
sales effort, and the Governor and
several very distinguished busi-
nessmen were very much inter-
ested.

"I presented Sir Ralph Leathem,
the Honorable Stanley Spurling,
Sir Howard Trott, the Honorable
E. P. Vesel and James R. Williams,
Esq., with gift boxes of the pro-
cessed product and the cellophane
packages."

Cranberries, both processed and
fresh, were promised to the Amer-
ican Consul, S. Clay Merrill. Judge
Baker said Consul Merrill, a native
of Arkansas, although unfamiliar
with cranberries, appeared enthus-
iastic about their introduction in
Bermuda. The Judge continued
that it seems products such as
cranberries are handled through
one distributing agent, and with
great efficiency. It was the opin-
ion of Sir Howard Trott who is a
prominent businessman, chairman
of the Trade Development Board

and president of the Bermuda Ho-
tel, Inc., that to have the fruit
distributed through this agent
would be a most efficient method.
Judge Baker left a considerable
quantity of cranberry literature.
After running out of cranberries,
he has requested of the two co-ops
that additional fruit be sent to
various persons on the island and
that a gift box be sent to the Hon-
orable Eugene A. Hudson, who is
Captain of the Ancient and Hon-
orables, and also a Justice of the
Superior Court. It was Captain
Hudson who made the cranberry
"expedition" possible.

All in all, Judge Baker contin-
ued, he believed the Cape Cod cran-
berry had received considerable
publicity, not only in Bermuda, but
among the members of the Ancient
and Honorables.

This is borne out by the fact
"The Royal Gazette", morning
newspaper of Hamilton, Bermuda,
made the visit of the Ancient and
Honorable Artillery a principal
story, devoting about two columns
to the event. "The Bermuda Mid-
Ocean News", Bermuda's after-
noon daily, said in its column "So-
ciety in Bermuda" that "One of the
group, Judge Baker, brought down
a lot of cranberries straight from
Cape Cod."

Judge Baker, who is a member
of both NESCO and NCA, owns a
bog of nine acres, located at Head-
of-the-Bay, Bourne, which is on the
Cape. This is a bog which was
built by his father, Joshua H.
Baker, about 1867. This makes
Judge Baker's father one of the
real pioneer growers of cranberries
on the Upper Cape.

Because of this fact, the Judge
has been familiar with cranberries
all his life. He picked berries,
weeded, and did other cranberry
jobs, as a boy, to help his father.
He says he can remember when
his father and mother worked "like
slaves" growing the crop, harvest-
ing and screening, using the old-
fashioned hand screen. They often
screened until into December and
January,

Then, he says, sometimes the>
consigned the berries to commis-
sion merchants in the Middle West
There were often times, he said
when they did not receive anj
check. "Instead, they got a bil
saying they owed the commissioi
house money, the price of cran
berries being so low. This wa:
heart-breaking to them."

The Judge is very much in favo
of cooperatives, which he feels ha
done so much to stabilize the mar
ket and advance prices. Howevei
he is vehement in saying he wishe
there could be closer cooperatioi
between the two major co-ops
He believes a method could b
worked out whereby an agreeabl
allocation of the crop could b
brought about. In the event o
failure to agree, he said ther
could be a solution in the appoint
ment of an arbitrator, with fu,
authority to settle the disputi
This method of arbitration, h
pointed out, is used in baseball, th
movies, and many other lines c
endeavor.

Incidently the Bermuda trij
which was on the S. S. Yarmoutl
was made between two hurricanes
This brought most unpleasan
memories to Judge Baker, sine
his bog suffered severe damage i
both of the New England hurri
canes of 1938 and 1944. In th
first his bog was flooded with sal
water from Buttermilk Bay. H
was sitting in Worcester at th
time and had no idea such a thin;
could occur. He was just gettin;
his bog back into condition fror
its first salt water soaking whe
the second disaster struck.

He is now just getting to grow
ing cranberries again. The flood
cost him an astonishingly hig'.
amount of money, but he is no
discouraged with gi-owing cran
ing cranberries. He says he wili
not do that for anything in thi
world. f,

"I'm going to continue", he con
eluded, "until I make this one oJ
the best little bogs on Cape Cod,'!!

Sil

He Fell Into
The Cranberry
Industry

That Is His Own Statement
And This Important Man
In the Cranberry World
Does Not Regret This.

by CLARENCE J. HALL
George A. Cowen, North Roch-
ester, Massachusetts, president of
New England Cranberry Sales
Company for three years, and di-
rector of ACE for a number of
years, says he fell into the cran-
berry business in the most surpris-
ing way. When he was a very
small boy, accompanied by his
grandfather, he walked down to a
flowed cranberry bog, threw a stick
in, and promptly fell in after it.

During his boyhood he worked
around bogs, picking and weeding.
When he was about eighteen he
was using a snap machine and was
in a group which "headed up" a
section of the bog. He lost his job
aecause he was accused of not
picking clean.

Built Own Bogs

After this happened, he decided
that he and his twin brother, Ches-
ter, would build their own bog.
rhey built four or five acres of
their own, adjacent to their grand-
I'ather, Seth Cowen. This was on
'brown brush" swamp.

Later on when the cranberry
•usiness was not especially pros-
■lerous, Mr. Cowen learned the car-
lenter's trade under Mr. Harring-
on of New Bedford. He worked
.t this for several years and did a
ood deal of building.

Colburn Wood of Plymouth hired
lim to construct several buildings
or the Cape Cod Cranberry Coni-
any.

Eventually Mr. Cowen became
ts foreman. This was a position
16 held for 35 years. During this
ime he was able to continue his
iwn bog construction until the
abor situation became difficult.

When everything was done by
land everything was fun", said
4r. Cowen. "One dollar to one-
eventy-five was the pay for nine
lOurs and you could get all the
nen you wanted. The workers
fere all willing — they would do
nything, to learn how to wheel a

wheelbarrow of sand down a plank.
That was the highest point in a
bog worker's ambition in those
days.

The Cowens' bogs are planted to
Early Blacks and Howes, with
Randalls and some Centennials.
The Randalls originally came from
a bog at Snipatuit. All told, the
holdings of Mr. Cowen and others
come to about 50 acres, quite scat-
tered, almost all in Rochester.
These bogs are the Maxim bog,
Gifford, Alley. He has about a
half of Gilmore and a quarter of
the Benson Pond bog, also the
Snow Pond bog.

Mr. Cowen married the former
Annie Maxim, and they have lived
since their marriage in Rochester.
Mr. Cowen has always been a resi-
dent of Rochester.

Hobbies

His hobby is a good vigorous
game of croquet, which he often
plays on the lawn of his home un-

til midnight. Sometimes this is by
floodlights. His fancy for the ball
and wicket have led him to play so
late in the season that he had to
wear an overcoat.

His home is filled with handsome
antiques which are mostly family
pieces. Mr. Cowen is not partic-
ularly fond of antiques, although
Mrs. Cowen is if they have a spec-
ial meaning of inheritance.

They have no children.

Mr. Cowen is a third generation
grower, the first being his grand-
father, Seth, the second, his father,
Charles E.

Patronize

Our

Advertisers

CRANBERRIES

The National
Cranberry Magazine

§evep

Growers Company
Packs for First
Time in Cellophane

Four Packing Units Are
Installed, Walt Fort, Man-
ager, Announces — Two in
Ocean County, Two in
Burlington.

For the first time the Growers
Cranberry, Inc., New Jersey branch
of the American Cranberry Ex-
change, this fall packed a portion
of its crop in cellophane, one-pound
packages. Walt Fort, manager of
the Growers Company, reports
that four cellophane units were in-
stalled in Jersey.

In Burlington County, Theodore
H. Budd of Pemberton installed at
his packing house at "Retreat"; J.
Rogers Brick installed at Medford.
In Ocean County units were in-
stalled by James D. Holman Com-
pany and by the Double Trouble
Company (Crabbe).

Cranberries in the one-pound
cellophane wrap were a feature of
the Growers' Company's pictorial
booth at the Ocean County Fair.
There was a panorama of pictures
showing the growing and harvest-
ing methods used by growers to
raise a crop of cranberries, as well
as pictures of the marketing and
advertising methods used to move
the crop.

"The Stuntman",
Bert Nevins, Aids
Cranberry Promotion

Bert Nevins, publicity relations
man for "National Cranberry
Week", was born in New York
City in 1910.

He attended New York and Co-
lumbia universities. He became a
feature writer for the new defunct
"Evening Graphic", followed by a
tour of duty with NEA Syndicate.

He hs headed his own publicity
firm for the past 16 years, serving
a wide variety of accounts.

He is a member of the American
Council on Public Relations, the
Publicity Club of New York, Nat-
ional Showmen's Association of
Amusement Parks, Pools and
Beaches. He is Director of the
National Donut Week Committee,
heads the Bakery News Bureau,

Eifht

BERT NEVINS

National
Cranberry Week

(The followins article appeared in the
"Oregonian", Portland, Oregon, and the
"Western World", Bandon, Oregon.)

The celebration of national cran-
berry week, October 18 to 23,
should remind Oregonians that a
growing cranberry industry is now
a part of the economic life of the
state. This industry began before
the turn of the century in Coos
county, but soon spread to Tilla-
mook and to Clatsop counties.

By 1925 Coos had but 25 acres,
while Clatsop had reached a boom
period with 150 acres of berries,
which, because of weed and insect
problems, lack of experience and
scientific information, were sooner
or later abandoned, until but 50 or
60 acres are still harvested.

The industry made slight gains
before 1942, partly due to limited
marketing facilities and lack of
publicity. Few knew much about

the possibilities of growing cran
berries in Oregon. About 1928, A
T. Morrison of Coquille became in
terested and planted a three-acr^
marsh near Bandon.

Through his initiative, the nin
growers of Coos county were calle>
together and organized into a clu
to exchange ideas and work ou
some scheme of marketing tha
would be mutually beneficial. Thi
organization later became the Coo
Cranberry Co-operative.

Conference Called

In 1936 a county agricultui'a
conference was called to make :
survey of the possibilities of agri
cultural expansion in Coos countj
This was the first time cranberrie
had been given any consideratioi
as an economic possibility, and i
became the inspiration for a "cran
berry school", conducted by M. C
Buchanan, the Smith-Hughes in
structor of the Bandon High school

(Continued on Page 18)

ISSUE OF NOVEMBER, 1948
Vol. 13 No. 7

THANKSGIVING, 1948

PHANKSGIVING ! Has the cranberry
industry anything to be thankful about?
We feel it has. For one thing, it has con-
;inued to grow, and shows every sign of
growing even bigger.

What would the old-timers have said
ibout a crop of 899,300 barrels — if that
urns out to be the final figure? They
,vould not have believed that so many
:ranberries would ever be grown in a single
.^ear.

Then again, what would they have
;hought of our intensive campaign to move
his tremendous crop, plus the carry-over?
They would have been amazed at such
longs as "The Cranberry Bounce", the
lance step. The radio, magazine and
lewspaper publicity designed to move
;ranberries.

THE ELECTION

THE election is long over. The people
have spoken their minds. Whether
heir decision was right or wrong is now
ip to the future. Many doubtless were
xtremely surprised and disappointed in
he outcome. Others were happy. How
dll this result effect the cranberry indus-
ry? Who can say? Frankly, we do not
:now.

But this election proved at least one
hing. perhaps two. The first was that the
lolitical dopesters were all wet. The sec-
nd was that this was a free election when
eople went to the polls and voted as they
aw fit. This is still the United States of
imerica, and we can be grateful that we
.ve in such a country.

L/ 1!^'^"^'^"'**^

WHEN IS A QUEEN A QUEEN?

T'S getting to be a bit farcical — so many
• "Cranberry Queens." There was the
rational Cranberry-Harvest Queen, then
le National Cranberry Week Queen, New
ersey has its Queen, Southwestern Oregon
as chosen its Queen. The Queen of the
ontest sponsored by the Wareham (Mas-
ichusetts Legion is about to be chosen,
'here is but one good point about this busi-
ess that we can see. If it does gain pub-
city for cranberries, which sells more
ranberries, we will make no adverse com-
lent.

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS

Subscription $3.00 per year
Advertising rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS

Wisconsin

C. D. HAMMOND, Jr.
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington— Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY
Cranberry Specialist
Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK
Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station

East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station

Pemberton, New Jersey

^HIS is to give a hand to a cranberry
grower of the older generation, George
A. Cowen (story elsewhere in this issue).
He says he "fell into the industry by acci-
dent", but his long life has never led him
to regret that cranberry growing has chief-
ly been his occupation.

A UTUMN is a beautiful time of the year,
in a melancholy sort of way, as has been
said before. In the Northern States the
leaves are falling. But the foliage is love-
ly, with the red and yellows touched off by
frosts. In our own back yard, Mexican fire
bush is turning red. From my window I
can see a couple of cranberry bogs. They
are a beautiful, rich purplish red.

Nine

Oregon Choo&es
Its Cranberry
Queen, 1948

By ETHEL M. KRANICK

Miss Virginia Corrie, a princess
of the 1947 Bandon Cranberry
Festival and daughter of Mr. and
Mrs. J. Q. Corrie, was selected to
represent the Oregon members of
the National Cranberry Associ-
ation in the National Cranberry
Queen contest. According to word
received by Ed Hughes, manager
of the Coquille plant of the Nat-
ional Cranberry Association, Miss
Corrie gave the leading contestant
a close race.

The Bandon Cranberry Festival
is held in November and a Queen
is to be chosen by ticket sale and
judging of contestants' appeai'ance
to reign over the festivities. Since
the National contest was held be-
fore the finals on the local contest
the local queen could not be a con-
testant in the National contest.

At present there are eight con-
testants for the Cranberry Festi-
val. The Southwest Oregon Cran-
berry Club is sponsoring Miss
Phyllis Pullen, the daughter of a
popular cranberry grower. Miss
Betty Loshbaugh, the daughter of
Mr. and Mrs. Ennis Loshbaugh
who are also cranberry growers.

is being sponsored by the West-
most Grange. Other contestants
are Miss Lois Blakely, sponsored
by the Bandon Active Club, Miss
Marie Fasnacht, sponsored by the
Rebekah and Odd Fellows Lodge,
Miss Florence Moore, sponsored by
the American Legion, Miss Nancy
Price, sponsored by the Randolph
Women's Club, and Miss Diane
Burrell, sponsored by the Veterans
of Foreign Wars. The eighth can-
didate comes from a nearby town.
Miss LaVera Kinnett of Langlois
is sponsored by the Langlois
Sportsmen's Club.

The Cranberry Festival commit-
tee has decided upon a fair in con-
nection with the festival activities.
Frizes will be offered for fresh and
canned cranberries and for various
ways of preparing delicious con-
coctions from cranberries.

Entertainment
Planned by ACE

Wai'eham's Queen Has
Radio and Television
Treat in Store.

The committee for the Fourth
Annual Cranberry Queen Corona-
tion Festival and Dance Nov. 19
is completing plans for elaborate
entertainment for W a r e h a m's
queen. The New England Cran-

4th ORIGINAL

CRANBERRY QUEEN CORONATION
FESTIVAL and DANCE

Sponsored by

WAREHAM POST No. 220, AMERICAN LEGION

and AUXILIARY

Memorial Town Hall, Wareham, Mass.
FRIDAY EVENING - NOVEMBER 19, 8 p.m.

Music bv

LARRY LANE'S BAND

of 1000 Melodies

Massachusetts'

CRANBERRY QUEEN

will be chosen and crowned.

S2.5.00 Door Prize — S25.00 Ci-anberry Guessing Contest
Big Stage Show and Dancing

ADMISSION $1.50, Tax Included
DON'T MISS THIS GALA HARVEST EVENT !

berry Sales Company and thg
American Cranberry Exchange arei
to sponsor a New York trip, also
complete new wardrobe.

The lucky girl will leave for thi
big city Nov. 22 and will presen'
the mayor of New York with CTan-l
berries. She will be interviewed oi|
radio and television programs oveBi
National networks and will be giv-f
en the opportunity of meeting ce-
lebrities of the stage, screen, and<
the air.

Among the queen's presents willll
be the dress of cranberry red de-
signed by one of New York's mos1
prominent dress designers, Cei
Chapman, also various accessories
designed and presented by famous
houses in New York.

All details of her trip, wardrobe
gifts and entertainment are beinj
managed by Robert K. Kornfeld o
the American Cranberry Exchange
All former queens are invited to b
guests of the sponsor, Warehar
Post No. 220, American Legior
and Wareham Unit No. 220, Amei
ican Legion Auxiliary.

There are eleven contestants t
date for the title of queen. Mr:
Clifford W. Collins, contestar
chairman, has announced that it i
not too late to enter and that ne>
contestants are welcome.

Wareham Queen

The New England Cranberr
Sales Company and the America
Cranberry Exchange are to giv
the "Wareham" (Mass.) cranberr
queen to be selected November 1
a wardrobe and a trip to Ne'
York.

The "lucky gal" will have tb
same sort of time as she did i
New York last year, probably som
radio experience, television, pe
haps movies again, seeing th
mayor of the city and other dign
taries, etc. Ceil Chapman, distil
guished New York clothes desigi
er, has offered to make her a crar
berry i-ed dress.

Be a Subscriber

CRANBERRIES
Magazine

Ten

NEW JERSEY NOTES

Anthony DeMarco is doing- a
)od job at Chatsworth. He has
ought a number of bogs up into
iproved condition, by drainage,
rtilizing and occasionally holding
e winter flood until July. He is
so preparing a large tract for

anting.

« • * « «

Vinton Thompson at "The Bir-
es" is getting ready to resume
5 program of sanding now that
e harvest is finished.

• * « • •
Benjamin Cavileer of Lower
ink a successful blueberry grow-
and a director of the Blueberry
loperative Association, is enter-
? the cranberry field. He has
quired the Kaser bogs and. has
gun to replant.

A. J. Fort is doing a careful job
of replanting an old bog at Mag-
nolia, near Pemberton.

« * * * «

Earle Hill of Lower Bank is re-
building a portion of the former

DeLong bogs at Bulltown.

*****

Four growers have been busy
packing fresh fruit for themselves
and their neighbors in cellophane.
These are Double Trouble Co.,
Toms River; Theodore H. Budd,
Pemberton; James D. Holman,
Lakewood, and J. Rogers Brick,
Medford.

Joe Palmer has been improving
his bogs each year by the use of
pumps for frost flow and irriga-
tion.

*****

The New Jersey Blueberry "Open
House" at which the New Jersey

FOR PRE-FABRICATED FLUMES

SEE

R. A. XRUFAISJX

Hydraulic Consultant

Tel. Carver 64-11

Bog Railroads For Sale or Rent

NORTH CARVER, MASS.

Cranberry and Blueberry Research
Laboratory station at Pemberton
reports to the entire blueberry in-
dustry of the state, will be held at
Pemberton, Dec. 11, 10:30 a.m. to
1 p. m. All persons interested in
blueberries are invited to attend.

NCA Is Pushing
Gift Boxes

With its eye on the gift-giving
public, NCA is pushing its Ocean
Spray gift boxes in an extensive

(Continued on Paire 15)

CUT TALL GRASS.
WEEDS...BRUSH

Mows fast and clean
around buildings, fields,
under frees, fences,
along road-
sides, and in
light corners.

Cuts 4 to 6

acres in 8 hrs.

Easy to handle on

rough ground or steep

slopes. Cuts 1'/2"from ground. Rugged.

Economical. Dependable.

Wifh

LESS

muR

A Model Fof.
Every Preiture

Fnr Farm, Orchard or Truck Garden. Easily
br.d quickly in(>i)nted on any irrigation pip*.
H«ovy dut/ brass ond bronie construction
for lonq s»rvi«; Sand and dirt proof. Wa-
ft r |t/brfcatedll>earings — no oil or greose r«-
At'ired. No fait moving parts to roptJIy
year out. Max^um coveragt— even diitrl-
bution. ^

, BUCKNER MANUFACTURING CO.(.
1615 Blackstone Ave., Fresno, California

SUCKflEll SPRINKLERS

11-41 WASHINGTON STBEEI
WEST NEWTON 6B, MASS.

^l^yen

Left, Sir John E. P. Vesey, member Bermuda Parliament, Chairman Bermuda Board of Trade, President of E. A. & F. A.
Smith Company, one of the largest department stores in Bermuda, is shown accepting a gift box and cellophane cran-
berries from Judge J. Arthur Baker. (Bermuda News Bureau)

Twelv*

Two voun:: models have their dream come true. Barbizon models Doris Dean and Joan Dunne v. for years fans of the
great Tommy Dorsey, receive a trombone solo all for themselves in thanks for the Eatmor cranberries they brought the
bandleader, the first of this year's harvest in their states, Massachusetts and New Jersey, respectively. Bringing the
cranberries to their idol is the greatest thing that has happened to them since they arrived in New York, the girls told him.

(Foto Courtesy The American Cranberry Exchange)

Thirteen

This is the "Cranberry Bounce" as demonstrated at "Edaville", South Carver, Massachusetts, October 2nd by two of

the star instructors of the Arthur Murray School of Dancing.

(CRANBERRIES Photo)

Fourteen

NEW JERSEYS QUEEN

This is New Jersey's Cranberry
Harvest Queen, Miss Jane Peabody,
daughter of George Peabody and
granddaughter of Walter H. Bow-

ker, vuv vt' the oldest growers in
New Jersey. Miss Peabody was
crowned by the acting governor on
September 20th.

(Photo Courtesy of NCA)

COVER DESIGN — National
Cranberry Week Queen is Miss
Norma Lane, 28 Alpine Street,
Somerville, Massachusetts. She
was chosen from over 100 girls
by wearing a novel bathing suit
made from fresh cranberries at
the Hotel Sheraton, New York.
Miss Lane as Queen has made a
tour of the cranberry areas of
Massachusetts, Oregon, Wiscon-
sin, New Jersey, and. Washing-
ton.

Gift Boxes

(Continued from Page H)

new campaign aimed at boosting
sales of the boxes into hundreds of
thousands. Sherman L. Whipple,
3rd, of NCA's Plymouth office is in
charge of the gift box operations.

A new box, d.esigned for use with
cranberry products from any sec-
tion of the country, is being pre-
pared, and an attractive order
blank has also been printed.
Whipple and his staff plan to cir-
cularize a list of 300,000 individuals
and 10,000 business firms to catch
not only the Christmas trade but

also otber gift-giving occasions
throughout the year. Each person
who orders a gift box to be sent to
a friend or relative may have his
choice of five different gift card
enclosures, for Easter, Thanksgiv-
ing, Christmas, birthday, and gen-
eral gift.

The price of the attractively-
packaged gift box has been set at
S2.50 delivered anywhere in the
United States. Each box contains
one can of Jellied Cranberry Sauce,
one tin of Whole Cranberry Sauce,
two pints of Cranberry Juice Cock-
tail, one jar of Spiced Cranberry
Sauce, and a jar of a fruit-and
cranberry preserve, depending on
what is available during the sea-
son. Also included is a set of three
plastic cutters for cutting slices of
Jellied Sauce into fancy shapes, a
recipe booklet, and other available
literature.

Ads in Gourmet and House Beau-
tiful will promote the Ocean Spray
gift boxes throughout the country.
By including the Spiced Cranberry
Sauce and the fruit-and-cranberry
preserve, NCA is appealing to the
thousands of shoppers who like to
buy through the mail products that
are not available in retail stores.

National Cranberry
Week Successful

by LOIS DAY

Now that the first annual Nat-
ional Cranberry Week has faded in-
to history, NCA is beginning to
measure the Week's results. Sales-
wise, one interesting- fact is that on
October 28, five days after Nat-
ional Cranberry Week ended, NCA's
Hanson office received, by tele-
phone, orders for 13 carloads of
Ocean Spray Cranberry products -
an almost unprecedented number
for one day, and evidence that
grocers who had stocked up with
cranberry products in advance of
the Week were sold out and had to
re-order almost immediately.

National Cranberry Week public-
ity is still pouring into NCA's Han-
son office. Clippings from small-
town weekly newspapers and big
city dailies in almost every section
of the country tell about cranber-
ries and National Cranberry Week.
Several coast-to-coast radio pro-
grams gave a "plug" to National

Fifle

Cranberry Week, and food pages of
magazines and newspapers have
devoted thousands of lines to fea-
turing cranberry recipes. All this
material is being compiled in a
mammoth scrapbook which will be
available for growers to look over
at various meetings throughout the
year. From all sides, evidence piles
up that the Week has helped to
make consumers and grocers cran-
berry conscious, and this new con-

sciouness means customers for the
cranberry industry.

In order to make National Cran-
berry Week publicity industry-
wide, NCA offered its display
material to other cranberry sales
companies, and those that took ad-
vantage of the offer to increase
their own sales were the John J.
Beaton Company of Wareham and
the Colley Cranberry Company of
Plymouth.

B. H. COLE & CO., INC.

North Carver, Massachusetts

This year Massachusetts will observe its first "Cran-
berry Week". ... a week which it is hoped will be-
come as much a tradition in New England as our
boxes are a tradition in the cranberry industry.
We've been making boxes since 1707 and that adds
up not only to a lot of boxes, but also a lot of exper-
ience— and in our business it's experience that counts.

FRANK H. COLE, Pres.

Established 1707

The trade response to National
Cranberry Week was greater than
NCA officials first expected. Origi-
nal orders of posters and display
materials had to be doubled, and
even then the supply was inade-
quate to take care of last-minute
orders. When the smoke had clear-
ed, NCA found that it had distrib-
uted to brokers, buyers, retailers,
restaurants, railroads, bakeries,
and drug stores some 45,000 large
banners calling attention to Nat-
ional Cranberry Week; 25,000
store's "special feature" for Nat-
ional Cranberry Week; 1100 large
posters designed to be pasted or
tacked to the side of trucks; 50,-
000 small cards to be clipped to
restaurant menus urging the diner
to enjoy cranberry delicacies dur-
ing National Cranberry Week; and
5,000 each of nine quantity recipes
for cranberry dishes for use by
hotel, restaurant and institution
chefs. With all of this printed
material flooding the nation, the
echoes of National Cranberry Week
must surely have penetrated to the
far corners of the country.

V/crking hand in hand with this
type of promotional material.

Stokely's Finest

CRANBERRY

SAUCE •

NONE FINER

STOKELY FOODS, INC.

90 Riverside Ave.

NEW BEDFORD, MASS.

Sixteen

ivide-spread publicity on National
"ranberry Week helped to put the
,vord "cranberries" on everyone's
:ong'ue and indirectly build sales.
Sammy Kaye's "Cranberry Bounce"
;ong hit and Arthur Murray's new
iance step of the same name offer
I sure-fire means of spreading the
'ame of cranberries from coast to
;oast. Cranberry-red clothes for
nilady were modeled in fashion
shows by the Tailored Woman in
Mew York and Bullock's in Pasa-
lena, and in advertisements by Jay
rhorpe, New York. Westmore's
lew Cranberry Red lipstick shade is
jeing featured by Woolworth, with

large window displays in 300 of
their stores. Baar and Beards,
scarf makers, have brought out one
of their "Top-Hit" scarves in a
Cranberry Red Shade. Maddame
Emme, elite New York milliner,
has designed a hat decorated with
cranberries, and a model wearing
this hat was photographed at the
cranberry exhibit which was part
of the New Haven Railroad's "Main
Street - Southern New England"
exhibit in Grand Central Station,
New York, recently.

Further publicity came through
the "Mrs. America" contest held
this fall, since one of the require-

Protects Cranguyma

Protection^^^i^from
Frost and Drought
at Cranguyma Farms,
PHOTO COURTESY OF^ PORTLAND OREGON JOURNAL '■°"9 ^®°^''' ^°'''-

oPREADING out in an impressive acreage in the great North-
west, Cranguyma Farms at Long Beach, Washington, represents
an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand-
ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000
Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall
whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica-
tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinklers. The distrib-
utor or dealer listed below will be pleased to furnish additional
information upon request.

PACIFIC COAST DISTRIBUTORS

R. M. WADE and CO. ARMCO DRAINAGE & STOUT IRRIGATION INC
Portland, Oregon METAL PRODUCTS CO. Portland, Oregon

Portland, Oregon

EAST & MIDWEST DISTRIBUTORS

L. R. NELSON MFG. CO.
Peoria, Illinois

MASSACHUSETTS DEALERS

JOSEPH BRECK & SONS IRRIGATION DIVISION VEGACRE FARM
85 State St., Boston, Mass. Forestdale (Cape Cod), Mass.

RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER JIFG. CORP.

GLENDORA

CALIFORNIA

ments of the contestants was that
they submit a recipe for a chicken-
and-cranberry dish. The winner,
Mrs. Marie Strohmeier of Philadel-
phia, offered a recipe for cranberry
cuplets which was distributed to
hundreds of newspapers by the
United Press.

The Cranberry Festival held at
Edaville on October 2 gave added
force to the publicity that was al-
ready rolling on National Cran-
berry Week.

To celebrate National Cranberry
Week itself, October 18-23, NCA
held Open House every afternoon
during the entire week at its two
Massachusetts plants, and for sev-
eral days at its four other plants.
Thousands of visitors stopped in
to see how the bright red berries
are packed and processed. At the
Hanson plant alone nearly 3,000
guests peered into cooking kettles,
gaped at labels rolling on cans at
the rate of 450 a minute, and stared
open-mouthed at machines which
start with a roll of cellophane and
a hopper of berries, and come out
with measured, filled, and sealed
one-pound bags of fresh cranber-
ries. Guests were greeted first
with a refreshing glass of ice-cold
Cranberry Juice Cocktail, and at
the end of their tour of the plant
they stopped for cookies and a
Cranberry Sundae, made by spoon-
ing Whole Cranberry Sauce over
vanilla ice cream. The enthusiasm
of the guests and their eager pur-
chases of cranberry products
proved once again that an "Open
House" program is one of the best
public relations ventures any com-
pany can attempt.

There is no way, of course, to
measure in exact dollars and cents
the value of National Cranberry
Week to NCA members and the
cranberry industry as a whole.
Undoubtedly the week's activities
have already resulted in some
sales gains, but it is impossible to
tell what proportion of the total
sales can be attributed to National
Cranberry Week. Moreover, im-
mediate sales gains are only a part
of the picture. The real value of
large-scale promotion like this lies
on its lasting impression on people
who learn to enjoy cranberries not
only during National Cranberry
Week but all year 'round.

3event^en

Penn. Gypsy Moth

The destructive gypsy moth cat-
erpillar is "just about extinct in
Pennsylvania, according to Miles
Horst, secretary of the state De-
partment of Agriculture.

His announcement followed an
intensive spraying program in the
Keystone State during April, May
and June, culminating a four-year
battle. The principal infestation
was a 650 square mile area of Lu-
zerne and Lackawanna counties.

During the past spring, nearly
169,000 acres were sprayed, mostly

by air. Mobile power blowers cov-
ered some 33,000 acres, while 76
acres had to be attacked by workers
carrying knapsack sprayers.

"At the end of four years". Sec-
retary Horst said, "not a single
living gypsy moth caterpillar has
been found on any part of the 315,-
000 acres treated with DDT." He
added that the rate of application
averaged one pound per acre. He
also commended the cooperation of
Scranton, Wilkes-Barre and Pitts-
town, the three largest cities in
the infested area, for their cooper-
ation.—(AIF NEWS)

SCOOPS

and

SCREENINGS

Cranberry Growers...

You value the sound, proven recommendations of
the East Wareham Cranberry Experiment Station in
growing your crops successfully.

Equally invaluable to you is sound, properly
written Insurance fitted specially to the needs of
Cranberry Growers.

E. A. Thacher of this firm will be happy to
discuss your requirements, and without charge or
obligation, prepare a survey of your property and
needs.

Brewer & Lord

INSURANCE
56 Batterymarch Street, Boston

Telephone: Hancock 60830

Referring to the Judge Bake
article in this issue, we are men
tioning no names, but we know o
another judge who is very muc'.
inclined to buy a certain piece o
property on the Cape for a sum
mer home. Why was he so set oi
this particular piece of property
Because on the property was a lit
tie piece of cranberry bog.

Emile C. St. Jacques of the Haj:
den Separator Company, Wareham
Massachusetts, and Dr. Frederic
B. Chandler, Associate Director <
the Massachusetts Cranberry Ej
periment Station, East Warehar
were recent visitors at the Lj
Rocque Bog at Drummondsvill
Ontario.

"Bob" Kornfeld, editor of tl:
"Cranberry World", and Mr
Kornfeld were recent visitors
Massachusetts.

National Cranberry Week

(Continued from Page 8)

At this cranberry school son
interesting facts came to ligh
First, it was learned that the)
were now 40 bogs of various siz(
which brought their owners a gros
return of $58,000. One of tli
amazing facts brought out W8

WINTER Reminders...

WHEELBARROWS - RAKES - PRUNERS

BOG PUMPS— 7 in. to 20 in.
AIR-COOLED ENGINES— 11/2 to 6 1/2 HP.
MINNEAPOLIS — MOLINE ENGINES— 26 to 50 HP.
SEPARATORS — ELEVATORS — DUSTERS

WINTER ORDERS AT SPECIAL DISCOUNT

HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO.

i

Tel.

WAREHAM, MASS.

497-W
497-R

Eighteen

■^^"

■^X"

AUGUSr

^^^"""'^'^^ for the Grower

^/^ invested in SPRINKLER IRRIGATION !

The .75 in. Rainfall reported in Massachusetts bog area for August.
The extreme heat that damaged berries.
The continued dry spell in September and

The 10% crop cut as a result did not affect his crop.

TELEPHONE US FOR YOUR RAIN— Sprinkle your berries when you want to — complete irrigation
systems installed — These installations can pay fcr themselves in two seasons.

MANUFACTURERS DISTRIBUTOR OF FLEX-0-SEAL LIGHTWEIGHT GALVANIZED STEEL
PIPE IN 3"-4"-6"°8" DIAMETERS. FITTINGS— PUMPS— SUCTION AND DISCHARGE ASSEM-
BLIES—ROTARY SPRINKLER HEADS.

THESE GIANTS WILL WORK FOR YOU - FOR LESS

1000-1500 G. P. M. High Pressure Buda — and Hercules Diesel Pumpers unsurpassed for pumping
large quantities of water at high pressure — at lowest power costs — Fuel cost approximately 37% of
gas engine doing same job. One Pumper will service an entire 15 acre bog with sprinkler equipment.

■^1" ALSO AVAILABLE — CHRYSLER 500 G. R. M. to 850 G. P. M. PUMPS "JJJ™
^BMMM SKID MOUNTED OR ON TRAILER — READY TO OPERATE S^^

Write for Free Literature descriptive of Portable Pipe in Galvanized Steel or Aluminum — Sprinkler Heads in all sizes —

and Engine Pumping Units. Gasoline and Diesel.

Estimates at No Obligation.

YEG-ACRE FARMS IRRIGATION DIVISION

FORESTDALE

Cape Cod

MASSACHUSEnS

Nineteen

that Oregon was the smallest in
point of production, but that the
production per acre was the high-
est in the nation. (Cranberries are
produced commercially in Massa-
chusetts, New Jersey, Wisconsin,

Washington and Oregon). Berries
in Oregon, it was revealed, grew
to a large size, some measuring %
to 1 inch in diameter.

Warnings were made at the
school to be on the alert for insect

THOMAS BROTHERS
General Contractors

MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

Tel. Middleboro 772

Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells
Transit Mix Concrete

Complete Line of Construction Equipment
Excavating - Grading - Hauling

Leave the Tough Jobs for Us
Our Experience is Your Guarantee

pests and fungus disease and t<
keep bogs weedfree, all of whicl
had plagued the growers to thi
north. The result of these warn
ings may be seen in the presen
freedom from disease in all grow
ing sections of Oregon.

Industry Reviewed

In 1945 the cranberry industr;
was reviewed for the first time ii
the specialty crops issue of the of
ficial Oregon state department o
agriculture bulletin. Oregon alsi
has been recognized through arti
cles in the national cranberr;
magazine, CRANBERRIES, pub

lished at Wareham, Mass.

I]

The cranberry industry was injj
vited to send a representative t i|
the meeting of the state-wide agri
cultural research committee whic j
recently met in Portland, indicat i
ing that Oregon sees possibilitie !
in the cranberry industry to giv
work to its increasing populatioi

16,100 Barrels Produced

The Southwest Oregon Cranberr |
club was organized three years ag j
to make a specialty of studyin
cultural problems and to promot]

■ rrr,.

Specify and he sure you get

CUPROLIGNUM

to Save Costly Renewals on Flumes
and Headgates

CUPROLIGNUM SHINGLE STAIN

For new clapboards, old stained or new shingles. Can be painted
over if desired.

CUPROLIGNUM COPPER BOTTOM PAINT

with the addition of Cuprolignum gives added resistance to bar-
nacles or teredoes by penetrating the wood cells, depositing toxics
which remain after paint film has completely disintegrated.

New England Representative

ROBERT S. CHASE

195 Marlboro Street Boston 16, Mass.

Manufacturers: RUDD PAINT & VARNISH CO., Seattle, Washington

Twenty

friendly relationship with Wash-
ington g-rowers, as well as seek
help from the Washington Cran-
berry-Blueberry laboratory at Long
Beach. To this end "field day" has
become an annual affair, not only
in Oregon but in Washington.
Oregon growers go to Washington
to study their bogs.

"Field day" consists of an edu-
cational program planned in coop-
iration with the assistant county
agent, Jack Hansell, a potluck
uncheon, and a tour of marshes
.vhich present interesting prob-
ems. At these meetings many
'acts come to light and receive

publicity. Statistics presented at
a recent meeting show that in 1946
Oregon produced 16,100 barrels of
berries which were worth nearly
$500,000 and Hansell predicts this
figure will be doubled by 1949.

Oregon cranberry growers are
progressive and ever ready to try
new ways of planting and harvest-
ing. During the war when labor
was scarce, Jim Olson of Bandon
invented the first wire basket
water scoop which saved expense
and crops. The Hoyt mechanical
picker was the first mechanical
picker to be used in Oregon, but
many mechanical devices have been

invented since. Overhead sprink-
ling is used for irrigation, frost
control and heat control. (Cran-
berries grow between the temper-
atures of 28 to 85 degrees.) New
warehouses are equipped to handle
water-picked berries, some of
which go to the cannery at Co-
quille or to the fresh market.
The Bandon Cranberry festival

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

17 Court St.
Plirmeutk, Mut.

BOG MANAGEMENT

Tela: Plymouth 1622
fCincaton 319

If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will
pay you to see us.

A number of properties available, more wanted.

F

REDERICK

V.L

AWRENCE

INCORPORATED

•

READY-MIXED CONCRETE

SAND— GRAVEL

CONCRETE BLOCKS

ROAD BUILDING

EXCAVATING

DRIVEWAY CONSTRUCTION

3 MODERN PLANTS

2 BUILDING MATERIAL
STORES

•
MAIN OFFICE

FALMOUTH 1800

Wareham 1180 Hyannis 1900

XTter XV» -Lie

age

"KEEP SMILING"

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 740

Peter A. LeSage

*^ YARMOUTH

Distributor of Cape Ck>d Cranberries Tei. Barnstable i07

Twenty-one

originated in the minds of pro-
gressive businessmen of Bandon,
and the first festival was held last
year. It will be held again this
November 5 and 6 on a larger
scale with a parade, games, dance

and exhibits. A cranberry queen
will be chosen, and she may com-
pete for national honors. National
cranberry week is spensored by the
National Cranberry association and
the American Cranberry Exchange,

Save Priceless Water

BUY
PORTABLE OVERHEAD SYSTEMS
for
IRRIGATION AND FROST CONTROL

STEEL or ALUMINUM PIPE
Equipped with

McDowell steel couplings

There is no other similar or equal equipment
NO LATCHES NO HOOKS

Write or phone. Our local representative will call.

No charge for Design and Blueprints to suit your particular

bog.

LUNDQUIST CO., Inc.

TEL. PUTNAM (CONN.) 1917

WEST WOODSTCCK, CONN.

through which most of the western
berries are marketed.

Fresh from the Fields

(Continued from Paff* S)

of National Cranberry Week from
October 18-23. The plant is lo-
cated near highway 101 in Coquille
and tourists from many states
stopped to inspect the plant. Local
people also availed themselves of
the opportunity to go on the guid-
ed tour of the cannery and pai'take
of the various samples of cran-
berry products. Each guest was
presented with a cranberry cook
book and a chicken-shaped cran-
berry cutter to remind them that
chicken and cranberries make a
wonderful combination to use the
year around.

Cranberry Station and Field Notes

(Continued from Page 4)

poses the plants to possible frost
heaving."

There is another suggestion
which is worthy of grower atten-
tion and close'y connected with
ci'anberry enterprise. Cranberry
growers in Massachusetts have one

Colley Cranberry
Company

SHIPPERS OF CAPE COD
CRANBERRIES

SUITSUS" Brand

Plymouth, Mass.

Oflee
17 Codrt StTMt

T«ln>h*n«
PlymoBth 1SZ2

Twenty-two

I

the largest forestry holdings in
state. However, generally
aking, very little attention is
oted to our forest lands. Dis-
:t Forester Charlie Cherry, of

Kingston, Mass., and Extension
Forester R. B. Parmenter, of the
University, plus other foresters,
are keenly interested in better
utilization of our native forest

DECAS BROTHERS

Growers Of

Cape Cod
Cranberries

Phone 147

WAREHAM, MASS.

products. There are several op-
portunities for a better forestry
program right here in our own
backyard. One of these oppor-
tunities will be discussed in "CRAN-
BERRIES" in the near future. It
centers around the possibility of
wood-preserving facilities for our
native lumber. The plan which
has been worked out in some de-
tail would mean that we could use
our native pine, for example,
treated with one of the new wood
preservatives and so lengthen its
period of usefulness several times.

Ace in Extensive
Radio Promotion,
Issuing Cook Books

American Cranberry Exchange
announced in a letter to its mem-
bers on October 18 that several
radio programs were to sponsor
cranberry publicity. These includ-
ed the following:

1) Bob Trout and the News
(NBC — 56 Stations) every Sunday
afternoon during the period Oc-
tober llth-November 22nd.

2) Galen Drake's daytime af-
ternoon show (ABC — 215 stations)

Cooperative Marketing of Cranberries is vital
to the success of the Cranberry Industry.

Cranberry Growers Must work ''together" to
protect the "Ship" that brought them orderly
distribution and proseprity.

j:;;:-'^-^sEa.t^nio;ir-vl
Cranberries

New England Cranberry Sales Company

THE CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE

ORGANIZED IN 1907

9 Station Street

Middleboro, Mass.

Twenty-thre*

from November first through No-
vember 22nd.

3) The Grand Central Station
Program (CBS-129 Stations) from
October 18th through October 30th.

4) The New Pillsbury daytime
morning show, Kay Kyser's Kol-
lege (ABC— 215 Stations) the first
and last weeks of this October 11th-
November 22nd.

ACE reports it is getting en-
thusiastic support on the CRAN-
BERRY—APPLE PIE promotion
as reported above, the biggest sup-
port coming from Pillsbury.

ACE has issued a new recipe
booklet, "CRANBERRIES AND
HOW TO COOK THEM." ACE
expects these books to help sell
EATMOR to housewives.

Wareham Legion
Queen Selection
November 19th

This Annual Contest in the
Heart of the Cranberry
Industry is the Fourth An-
nual, and the Oldest with
Exception of Former Wis-
consin Contests.

The Cranberry Queen of the
Wareham American Legion Post
220 and the Legion Auxiliary is to
be chosen at Wareham (Mass.)
Memorial Town Hall, November
19th. This is the fourth contest
and festival to be sponsored by this
group and thus is the oldest of
any, with the exception of the
queen contests which were held in
Wisconsin about ten years ago.

A number of contestants have
enrolled. These include Miss Ger-

CRANBERRY MARSH

FOR SALE

Plenty of water — 240 acres of
land. Caterpillar dozer, etc.
Two homes, one modern. Rea-
son for selling, ill health.
$20,000.00. Roussopoulos Bros.,
Millston, Wis.

^T7T7W7j:wnwr-

TILLER NT/rM

9 Full hortapowtr meler

9 reiitlv* Ktlon, mulU*

pli disc clutch.
A Full ilitd */«"«lMtrio
^ alloy atHl tint*.

ARIEN5 COMPANY • BRILUON.WIS.

Twenty- four

aldine Pipher, Wareham; Miss
Nancy Merritt, West Wareham;
Miss Alice Ouelette, Freetown,
Miss Shirley Chase, Freetown; Miss
Theresa Tuttle, a last year's con-
testant; and Mrs. Gloria Rogers,
Monument Beach.

The winning contestant will be
chosen and crowned at a gala
dance the evening of the 19th.
Gifts will be presented.

Alton H. Worrall, chairman <
the Wareham Board of Selectme
and recently elected State Repn
sentative of the Massachuset
Legislature, is chairman of t\
committee. Included on the con
mittee are two from the cranberi
industry, Henry Hawes, cranberi
grower, who is in charge of t\
program, and William L. Ross, Ji
commander of the Legion Post.

ELECTRICITY

is something to be THANKFUL for
at THANKSGIVING, or anytime.

Plymouth County Electric Co.

WAREHAM
Tel. 200

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 1300

1 .a!S:%j3Q=!?ECi-

laton's Distributing Agency

NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS
of

for over a quarter century
in United States and Canada

Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 130 or 970

-OT

FOOD PACKERS, Inc

BRIDCETON, NEW JERSEY

Packers of

iNAI IN">o' I Strained Cranberry. Sauce

and

COniUap'S Wkole Cranberry S,

auce

Represented by

BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY

WAREHAM, MASS.

Two-Fisted SALES

This year's election has proven that the American people are un-
predictable in what they want — but it is safe to bet that they will want
fresh cranberries.

The American Cranberry Exchange's sales force and brokers are
in closer touch than ever with every possible customer for cranberries
in every section of the nation. It's a big job — and it's being done by
experienced men skilled in selling cranberries.

The most-effective-ever advertising campaign authorized by Ex-
change members is helping sell the biggest crop in the history of our
industry.

• 48 STATES ir

Eatmor cranberries are now selling in 48 states. And our adver-
tising— radio, magazine, newspaper, and retail store displays — is im-
pressing millions of pairs of eyes and ears in the 48 states every day.

This year there is a big, two-fisted sales campaign in progress.
Everything possible is being done to sell fresh cranberries.

The American Cranberry Exchange, Inc.

The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative

Marketers of

""Eatmor
Cranberries

Chicago

New York

^VINC A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY

iPE COD
EW JERSEY
nSCONSIN
OREGON
WASHINGTON

AN OLD NEW ENGLAND HOMESTEAD AT CHRISTMAS TIME

For further details see page 5 (CRANBERRIES Photo)

For the 54th Time

.... it gives us pleasure in extending heartiest good
wishes for the Holiday Season. May your Christmas
be a Merry one, and the New Year all that yOu may
hope for-.

Growers Cranberry Company, Inc.

Oldest Cooperative in tlie Cranberry industry
Oldest agricultural Cooperative in New Jersey

peMberton, new jersey

Merry Christinas to AU

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

(A Cooperative)
WISCONSIN RAPIDS WISCONSIN

IDEAS Sell Cranberries

^ > Zk^^::^, C>cean Spray s December

r^ ^ v55-:^ ^ advertising- i s teaching-

America's homemakers to
use more cranberries, in
more ways. Cranberry
cut-outs to serve with
chicken or turkey. . . bowls
of whole cranberry sauce
with meat or fish. . . . and
strings of bright red cran-
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tree. ... all make the holi-
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further the market for
cranberry products.

Serve o bov.l o( Ocean Sproy WhoJ«
Cranberry Sayce, the k£nj Mor>wr \utd
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pies ^md fruity nladd. !

FRESH or CANNED are a good buy*
fn/oy t/iem often

}oin with JsCo4 to build a bi^g^er market lor bigger cropi.

National Cranberry Association

Hanson, Massachusetts
Onset, Massachusetts
Plymouth, Massachusetts

The Growers' Cooperative
Branches at:

North Harwich, Massachusetts
Bordentown, New Jersey
North Chicago, Illinois

Coquille, Oregon
Markham, Washington
Long Beach, Washington

DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREHAM 162

S. C. M. Packard & Co.

Hardware — Locksmiths
For Maintenance Supplies

Let Us Handle

Your Power Needs

for Bog Pumps

International Harvester

and

Continental Red Seal

Industrial Engines

SALES and SERVICE

J. M. HACKETT

Tel. Rockland 1864
NO. HANOVER MASS.

Extensive Experience in
ELECTRICAL WORK

At Screanhouses, Bogs mnd
Pumps Means SatisfactlOD

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WAKEHAM, MASS. T*l. 626

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Trained by Hercules Powder Co.

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High St., Hanson, Mass.

Tel. Bryantville 297

A Most
Merry Christmas

and
Happy New Year

is extended to all

Disston One or Two Man

CHAIN SAW

WRITE FOR DESCRIPTIVE LITERATURE

J. M. HACKETT

Tel. Rockland 1S64
NO. HANOVER MASS.

Edwin K. Greer Co.

WAREHAM, MASS.
Est. 1891 Tel. Wareham 108

PIONEERS RETAILERS OF
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Apples

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Peaches

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Tel. Wareham 648

Building Material for Bog,
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Attention
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Tel. Wareham 794

Mail Addresi: Buzzards Bay, RFD

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brand

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GOOD

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Offices:

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Chatham

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Order Harvest and
Shipping Boxes

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Est. 1865

Establlihad 184S

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Shipping

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Tel. Carver 10-3

The Nafional Bank of Wareham

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Funds always available for sound loans

Complete Banking Service

Member Federal E

eposit Insurance Corp.

Mass. Cranberry
Station and Field Notes

by J. RICHARD BEATTIE
Extension Cranberry Specialist

An excellent delegation of Mas-
sachusetts cranberry growers have
just returned from the state's
agricultural Production and Out-
look Conference held at Amherst,
December 1 and 2. All the major
agricultural commodities were well
represented as well as the various
farm organizations, machinery and
supply concerns, and the various
agencies. Following a general ses-
sion where agricultural outlook
information for the coming year
was presented by the leading men
in their respective fields in the
country, each commodity group
met to discuss their own production
problems. We certainly had a
lively discussion in the cranberry
session, led by Edward Barthol-
omew of Wareham, known as
"Bart" to many cranberry growers
in the state. "Bart" was elected
chairman of our meeting and did
a fine job in presenting our report
to the conference. The writer
wishes to express his appreciation
to the cranberry growers who made
the trip and for their valuable
contribution to the conference. It
is hoped the industry also appre-
ciates the time, effort, and expense
given so freely by these men.
Their names are listed at the con-
clusion of this article.
Keport of the Cranberry Committee

The Cranberry Committee has
found the Production and Outlook
Conference to be most instructive
and believes the time and energy
required has been well spent. It
is a pleasure to present the fol-
lowing repoi't.

Massachusetts still produces ap-
proximately two-thirds of the
world's cdop of cranberries from
15,000 acres of bog, and is the
state's largest export crop. This
year we have the largest crop ever
produced within the state — an esti-
mated 575,000 barrels. The United

State's crop is also recognized as
the largest on record.

It is rather difficult in a com-
modity meeting to divorce the sub-
ject of marketing from our dis-
cussion of production problems.
However, we have confined our
discussion to the field of produc-
tion as suggested, but hope the
equally important subject of mar-
keting will be considered at a later
date. It was the unanimous opin-
ion of the Cranberry Committee
that a Marketing Conference be
arranged similar to those held in
Cambridge the past few years.
We recommend that the Massachu-
setts Agricultural Program Board
reconsider their decision and spon-
sor such a conference this year.
Future Prospects
According to a recent cranberry
survey, 1800 acres of new bog was
expected to be built in the three-
year period ending December 1949,
It was the feeling of the Commit-
tee that a rather considerable por-
tion of this estimated acreage was
constructed and will come into pro-
duction in the near future. The
high cost of bog construction plus
the decline in cranberry prices do
not warrant additional building of
new bogs at this time. We would
like to repeat that the cost of
building a bog under present con-
ditions still ranges from $3000 to
$4000 per acre, as quoted a year
ago. There is an additional cost
of $500 to SI 000 per acre for main-
tenance purposes to the time of the
first harvest. We would like to
call this to the attention of all
cranberry growers and others con-
cerned for their consideration be-
fore undertaking expenditures of
this type. We feel that there will
be a tendency to curtail many bog
operations during this coming year
in view of reduced prices received
for our berries plus the continued

high cost of production. However,
it was the unanimous feeling of
the Committee that cranberry
growers should maintain sti'ict
vigilance against insects and di-
seases on their bogs during these
critical times. Certain bog prac-
tices may be postponed tempor-
arily without serious damage to
the bogs, but loss from insects and
disease infestation can be a serious
handicap for years to come.
PROBLEMS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
Greater Mechanization
Production costs of raising cran-
berries are steadily increasing. In
order to meet the competition
which lies ahead, many of the bog
operations must be mechanized to
a far greater extent than at pres-
ent. It was the opinion of the
committee that the first step to-
wards this problem would be the
securing of cost studies for many
of our bog operations. Therefore
the committee recommends that the
Farm Management Department of
the University undertake such
studies as soon as possible. It U
further recommended that engi-
neering assistance be secured foi
the Cranberry Experiment Statior
on a full-time basis to carry or
such research work in the field ol
management and production prob-
lems.

Insects

Root Grub is still our No. 1 in-
sect problem. Real progress has
been made to reduce losses frorr
this pest during the past fev
years; however, there are stil
many bogs to be treated. We rec
ommend that the Extension Ser
vice and the Cranberry Experimen
Station continue their efforts t(
acquaint growers with the identi
fication and means of control o
this insect.

False Blossom
False, Blossom can be considerec
our most important disease. B;
controlling the blunt-nosed leaf
hopper, the spread of the diseasi
can be checked. At present, false
blossom has been increasing year
ly, due to war shortage of mater
ials to control the leafhopper oi
Massachusetts bogs. It is recom
mended that the Extension Servici
and the Cranberry Experimen
Station continue their efforts, ac

(Continued on Page 8)

Four

Issue of December, 1948 — Vol. 13, No. 8

Publiabed monthly «t The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription, IS.OO per year
Entered as second-class matter January 26. 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 187».

FRESH FROM THE FIELDS

Compiled by C J. H.

MASSACHUSETTS

Total Rainfall

The total of the rainfall of the
month was 5.36 inches, much more
than normal. The hottest day, as
recorded at the State Experiment
Station, East Wareham, was on the
7th, when the temperature was 69.
The coldest day was on the 30th of
November, when 22 degrees was
recorded.

Near Hurricane

On Saturday, November 13,
there was a severe storm in which
winds reached near-hurricane ve-
ocity. There were claps of thun-
ier and lightning. A small quan-
tity of rain fell.

On Saturday, November 20, there
was a torrential rain, this coming
in gusts. The total for that day
ivas .51 as recorded at the State
Bog, East Wareham.
Shipments

Shipments of cars through Mid-
ileboro just prior to Thanksgiving
ivere 734 as compared to 497 last
ye&r. Also a good deal of truck-
ng of cranberries from the South-
astern Massachusetts cranberry
ection was done. It was estimated
jy a reliable source that shipments
ivere probably twice as much as
ast year at the corresponding date.

MEW JERSEY

Pemberton, N. J., Dec. 2 — The
seventeenth annual Blueberry
Open House was held here Dec. 11
at Wesley Hall on Pemberton St.,
according to Charles A. Doehlert
of the Cranberry and Blueberry
Research Laboratory of the State
Agricultural Experiment Station.

Doehlert said that the meeting,
which is the only one of its kind

held in the United States, was
open to anyone interested in blue-
berries.

The program started promptly
at 10.30 a. m. with a discussion by
Doehlert on "Roguing for Stunt
Control." Two other members of
the laboratory staff, Philip E. Ma-
rucci and William E. Tomlinson,
Jr., spoke on "Blueberry Stunt
Disease" and "Seven Important
Blueberry Insects", respectively.

R. B. Wilcox, U. S. Department
of Agriculture pathologist, told
about "Winter Injury, Phomopsis,
and Mummy Berry." "Blueberry
Certification" was discussed by
Wm. M. Boyd, chief of the Bureau
of Entomology, N, J. Department
of Agriculture.

Franklin A. Gilbert, member of
the horticulture staff at the State
University, explained "The Coop-
erative Blueberry Breeding Pro-
ject," and "Magnesium Deficiency
in Blueberries" was described by
Doehlert.

A plate lunch was served at the
meeting.

WISCONSIN

It is noted with interest that Dr.
Philleo Nash, son of the late Guy
Nash of Wisconsin and brother of
Miss Jean Nash, who operates the
Biron Marsh near Wisconsin Rap-
ids, was on the inside track of the
Truman victory, if the editorial of
"Life", issue of November 15th, is
correct. This says that "Philleo
Nash, a cranberry grower from
Wisconsin, held down the Washing-
ton base while Charley Murphy
rode the train." The editorial is
by Jay Franklin, which is the pen
name of John Franklin Caj-tej-, a

former New Deal columnist. Jay
Franklin went on to say that Dr.
Nash had the back-breaking job of
helping to prepare the speeches of
President Truman, except for the
major ones.

All of the foregoing, perhaps,
has no significance, except to show
that cranberry growers and cran-
berries achieve mention in such
high places as "Life" editorials
without benefit of effort.

• • * « «

There was so much rain in Mas-
sachusetts in November that cran-
berry growers (and others) have
learned to quack like Donald Duck
and are fast developing web feet.

We would like to compliment
"Bob" Kornfeld, editor of "Cran-
berry World", ACE house organ
upon his masterly speech at the
coronation of the "Wareham
Queen." As he and Mrs. Kornfeld
went to the Harvard- Yale football
game the following day, and Har-
vard won by a mile and Kornfeld
being a Harvard grad himself, it
may be thought that Kornfeld had
a rather pleasant week-end in
Massachusetts.

COVER DESIGN— Photo shows
the 1804 Burgess House, Great
Neck Road, East Wareham,
Massachusetts, in a Christmas-
like setting of snow. To the
rear of this old New England
Homestead, Prince Burgess be-
gan one of the first bogs in
Wareham. This was but a small
piece of bog and has been aban-
doned since some time in the
past century.

fivf

"Indians and English Use Them Much"

By CLARENCE J. HALL

(This is beginning a series of articles which it is hoped will give as accurate
history of the entire cranberry industry as much research has produced).

To go back from the time when Henry Hall of Dennis, Cape Cod, in
about 1812, and others began, is to show the culture of the wild American
cranberry was inevitable.

By the sides of brooks and ponds, in the swamps and meadows, amid
the very sand dunes of the seashore grew the slender green of the cran-
berry vine. Its uprights flowered delicately pink and white in June and
early July, the little green berries formed, turned white, then pinkish,
and ripened into their final cheerful, rich-red fruit. _ The forests had for
ages grown up, decayed and formed the peat swamps, meadows and
other deposits, providing the nutrition the cranberry needed for its
growth.

The cranberry vine grew naturally, from Maine and northward into
the Maritime provinces of Canada, south in a narrow belt along the sea-
board to the Carolinas; in certain spots in the Alleghenies from Southern
Pennsylvania to the peat swamps of Virginia. They grew in plentiful
quantity westward, in Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin to Minnesota.

Early Explorers

The early explorers of the At-
lantic seaboard observed this berry
and the earliest settlers picked it
when it ripened in the Fall. For
untold generations before them,
the Indians had gathered and uti-
lized the cranberry. There is no
fruit more truly American than the
cranberry.

The all-vital Indian corn (maize)
the beans, the pumpkins, the
squashes, the native nuts, the
gooseberries, the grapes, blue-
berries, beach plums and the cran-
berries gladdened the hearts of the
first comers and provided a wel-
come supplement to their larders.
They did not learn from the Indian
how to cultivate the low-lying
cranberry as they did the corn and
the bean. They were theirs for the
picking. That the cranberry was
selected for cultivation as early in
the history of the nation as it was
is a tribute to the fruit. The blue-
berry was not scientifically culti-
vated until a relatively few years
ago, and the cultivation of the
beach plum is even just now begin-
ning.

From the very first the cran-
berry was observed by the visitors
to the New World. The first ex-
plorer to note the wild cranberry
may have been Captain John Smith,
the "Admiral of New England",
when he voyaged along the coast
in 1(514. A reference of his has

been interpreted (1) by some as
being to cranberries. However, if
Capt. Smith did have reference to
cranberries he had no idea of what
they were when he wrote:

"The Herbes and Fruits are of
many sorts and kinds: as Al-
kermes. currans. mulberries . .
Of certain red berries, called
Kermes, which is worth ten
shillings the pound, these have
hpen sold for thirty or forty
Shilline-s the nound, and may
be 'yoerlv' gathered in a good
nuantity." (2)

Alkerines or mermes are an in-
sect found on species of oak trees
and at one time were used as a red
dye before cochineal was discov-
ered. An ancient place name for
a section of Plymouth near Gallows
Hill is "Alkermus Field." Of this
reference of Captain Smith, Lincoln
Newton Endicott in "Indian place
names in Plymouth, Lakeville and
Carver", wrote "John Smith may
have mistaken the cranberry or the
boxberry for the alkermes, but
this is doubtful", and on this doubt
as to the matter of whether or not
Smith did notice cranberries, the
question must of necessity be left.
There cannot, however, obviously
be the slightest doubt but that an-
other early Englishman of the 17th
century did see wild cranberries, as
he wrote about the American cran-
berry in very observant detail.

This was John Josselyn (3)
(Gentleman), who made two voy-
ages to America, the first in 1638

when he arrived at Boston on July
3 and went to Black Point at Scar-
boro, Maine, to visit his brother,
Henry, where he remained for
nearly a year. Josselyn made his
second voyage to New England in
1663, went almost immediately to
visit his brother again and re-
mained there for eight years. Re-
turning to England he wrote; "New
England Rarities Discovered",
which has proven an early botan-
ical guide and is frequently usee
as a reference work. He wrote ir
detail of the animals and plants
which he found in the new land
and "Fifthly, of Plants", he listec
"Cran Berries or Bear Berries"
and of their medicinal value ht
places them under the heading
"Bruises and Dry Blowes". H(
does not seem to have been famil
iar with the cranberry of Europe
Viccinium Oxyccoccus. He wrote

Cran Berry, or Bear Berry, be-
cause Bears use much to feed
upon them, is a small, trayling
Plant that grows in Salt
Marshes, the tender Branches
(which are reddish) run out in
great length, lying flat on the
ground, where at distances
they take Root, over-spreading
sometimes half a score Acres,
sometimes in small patches of
about a Rood, or the like; the
leaves are like Box, but green-
er, thick and glittering; the
Blossoms are very like the
Flowers of our English Night
Shade, after which succeed the
Berries, hanging by long, small
stalks no bigger than a hair,
at first they are of a pale yel-
low Colour, afterwards red, and
as big as a Cherry, some per-
fectly round, others Oval, all
of them hollow, of a sower as-
tringent taste; they are ripe in
August and September.
For the Scurvey.
They are excellent against
Scurvey.

For the Heat in Feavors.
They are also good to allay the
fervour of Hot Diseases.
The Indians and English use
them much, boyling them with
Sugar for Sauce to eat with
their Meate, and it is a deli-
cate Sauce, especially for Roast
"Mutton. Some make tarts
with them as with Goose Ber-
ries.

This is early documentary evi
dence that the cranberry was use(
by the Indians and by the ver;
earliest settlers, and that medicina
value was attributed to the cran
berry even then; that it was madi
into a sugared sauce to accompanj

Six

meats (even though there is no
mention of turkey); use of the
cranberry in tarts was a popular
utilization of the fruit until well
into the 19th century.

Since Josselyn spent most of his
time in New England in what is
now Maine, it was there that he
presumably observed the wild cran-
berry rather than on Cape Cod, but
he did specify that cranberries
grew near salt water.

Furthermore, he spelled the cran-
berry just as the fruit is spelled
and pronounced today. Yet he
placed it among the unknown
plants, even though the closely re-
lated specie (Viccinium Oxycoccus)
grows in Northern Europe and
Asia. This is a smaller, less de-
sirable variety than the big, hand-
some American cranberry (Vaccin-
ium Mcrocarpon) found within its
limited habitat in North America.
In England the smaller wild cran-
berry has been known as the
"marsh-wort", or the "fenne-ber-
ry", and in other European coun-
tries by other names. As Vaccin-
ium Oxycoccus is found in Asia the
Russians called it something else,
and the Japanese name is unknown.
But this is not the American cran-
berry.

Origin of the Name

The ancient Scottish clan, the
MacFarlines, occupying the west-
ern bank of the Loch Lomond, the
name signifying "Sons of Barthol-
omew", has for its badge the cran-
berry, and incidentally there is the
coincidence that later the McFar-
lins of Carver, Massachusetts, de-
scendents of the immigrant Purdy
or Purthe MacFarlane, who came to
America very early, taking up
cranberry culture, did and do con-
tribute much to its development.
Why the cranberry was adopted by
the Scotch clan as its badge, some
little research by descendants of
the first McFarlin, the original
Carver settler by the McFarlin
name has not yet revealed.

There are two versions of how
the cranberry received its name.
The one most generally accepted is
poetically fanciful. This theory is
that the original name of the berry
was "crane berry" and this was
derived from the appearance of the
bud. Just before expanding into
the perfect flower when the stem.

calyx and petals resemble the neck,
head and bill of a crane, hence
"crane berry" through usage be-
came "cranberry". The lesser-told
version is that cranes feed upon
cranberries and because of this
fact the name was given to the
berry.

Yet the early writers, as well as
proving that the berry was used
from the earliest times, almost
without exception give the berry
its present spelling.

John Eliot

A letter of John Eliot, apostle to
the Indians, printed with Thomas
Shepard's "Cleare Sunshine of the
Gospell" (3) 1648, is one more item
of such evidence, both as to use of
the cranberry by Indians and by
the English and to its early spell-
ing. Referring to Concord, Middle-
sex County, Massachusetts, he
wrote :

The natives were employed to
some extent by the English in
haying time, and at harvest,
but they preferred the more
congenial occupations of hunt-
ing and fishing and making
brooms, staves, eel pots and
baskets, for which they found
a market among the whites.
They also brought to market in
season, huckleberries, straw-
berries, cranberries, grapes and
venison.

The Indians of Middlesex County
are thus recorded as traders in wild
cranberries not long after white
settlers arrived.

To Appease Royal Wrath

As a final corroborative note of
the early popularity of the cran-
berry is the often quoted fact that
"In 1677 the Authorities of the
Massachusetts Colony sent three of
their most choice products as a gift
to King Charles the Second, to ap-
pease the royal wrath for their
temerity in coining 'Pine Tree'
shillings' a gift comprising ten bar-
rels of cranberries, two hogsheads
of 'samp') Indian corn broken and
boiled) and three thousand cod-
fish."

Just a few years after this,
1686, specimens of the cranberry
were again sent to England to John
Ray, noted English botanist of the
time. He described this berry sent
him from New England and gives
it its American name of "Cranber-
ries, or Bear Berries."

Early New Jersej: Writers

Equal proof that the cranberry
was valued in New Jersey, as in
Massachusetts, in the early seven-
teenth century is found in several
sources. One of these is from one
of the first books about America,
and appropriately written by
Thomas Budd of Burlington, New
Jersey, who was an ancestral rela-
tive of the Budd family, long prom-
inent in New Jersey cranberry cul-
tivation. Thomas Budd was a
Quaker who came to America some
time before 1678 and settled with
his family at what is now Burling-
ton. He speedily became a man
of importance in the Province of
West Jersey. In this little book,
"Good Order Established in Penn-
sylvania and New Jersey in Amer-
ica", he lists cranberries as among
the natural resources worthy to be
so mentioned.

Fruits that grow natural in the
Countries are Strawberries,
Cramberries, Huckleberries,
Blackberries, Medlers, Grapes,.
Plums, Hickory Nuts, Mulber-
ries, Hasselnuts, etc.
It is interesting to note that
Budd, in this book published in
1685, does not call the fruit "crane
berry" nor even cranberry, but
"cramberry."

"Cramberries" is also the desig-
nation of Gabriel Thomas in "An
Historical and Geographical Ac-
count of the Province and Country
of Pennsylvania and of West-
New-Jersey in America", published
in London in 1698, after he had
resided in Pennsylvania and New
Jersey for about fifteen years. He
wrote;

. . . Next, I shall proceed to
instance in the several sorts of
Wild Fruits, as Grapes. . . .
Hurtleberries, M u 1 b e r r ie s
(white and black), Rasberries,
Strawberries, Cramberries, and
Plumbs, of several sorts. . .

And, of Cranberries Again

From "The Falls of the Dele-
ware (near the present city of
Trenton Mahlon Stacy on the 26th
of the month 1689 wrote (to his
brother in Yorkshire, England) of
the native red cranberry. As did
Josselyn, he wrote in some detail
and referred to their use in tarts,
and in sauce to go. with meats,
specifically mentioning turkey, and
told of the Indians bringing them
to the whites.

§evep

"We have from the time called
May until Michaelmas, great
stores of very good wild fruits,
as strawberries, cranberries
and hurtleberries, which are
like our bilberries in England,
but far sweeter; they are very
wholesome fruits. The cran-
berries, much like cherries for
colour and bigness, which may
be kept till fruit come in again,
an excellent sauce is made of
them for venison, turkeys and
other great fowl, and they are
better to make tarts than eith-
er gooseberries or cherries;
and we have them brought to
our homes by the Indians in
great plenty"

Perhaps most important of his
observances is the fact that the
long-keeping quality of the cran-
berry has been recognized and that
this was one of the most desir-
able qualities of the new fruit.

The Rev. E. H. Durrell, president
of the American Cranberry Grow-
ers' Association in the annual meet-
ing of that association at Phila-
delphia, January 28, 1902, in an
address referred to this writing of
Mahlon Stacy.

Pattern of the Earliest Years
Yes, the crimson thread of the
cranberry is in the now faded weave
of the pattern of these earliest
years of American settlement. This
thread of documentation is really
surprisingly distinct. That specific
mention of cranberries is not more
frequent in such scanty writing of
early explorers and settlers is per-
fectly accountable. The explorers
set down what seemed to them of
most moment. Such of the settlers
as could or did write, and whose
writings are preserved, are like-
wise of events or observation which
at the time seemed of most import-
ance. The many references to
"berries" in these writings may
certainly be assumed to have often
included cranberries.

Everybody up at dawn, the men
going back and forth in their lea-
ther breeches and leggings and
flannel shirts and jerkins, cutting
their firewood, clearing their fields
to put in rye, flax, peas, beans and
corn; going to the shore for shell-
fish and salt hay, hunting deer,
foxes and other game and wild
fowl, saw the cranberries glisten-
ing on the ground. They, or more
probably, the women and children
picked them.

Thomas Howes, one of the pro-
Eight

prietors of Yarmouth, built his
first mud and wattle house not far
from the "Black Earth" of Den-
nis, where cranberries had grown
as far back as Cape memory ran.
This ancestor of the many Howes,
who have since grown cranberries,
or members of his household may
surely be considered as having
gathered them there. Cranberries
grew near the abodes of all these
men, John Crow, John Hall, Rich-
ard Sears on the Cape, and Henry
Leland in Middlesex. Thomas Budd
wrote he saw them in New Jersey.
These, and other pioneer ances-
tors of cranberry growers, knew
the taste of the wild American
cranberry. In the crisp autumn,
with the long, cold winter ahead
and hay and grain to be stored
for the oxen and food provided for
themselves, they cherished the
cranberry for its long-keeping
quality. The just-ripened cran-
berries were picked and assuredly
picked in large quantities and
stored away.

(1) — William T. Davis, the late eminent
Plymouth historian in "Plymouth Mem-
oirs of an Octoprenarian. 1906, wrote:
"They (cranberries) have always been a
native of New En^rland and John Smith
found them in a visit in 1614."

(2) — John Smith's Works, edited by Ed-
ward Arber, Whatman Edition, of 25
copies, pages 721 and 715.

(Ill — "New England Rarities Disc<)v-
ered". — John Josselyn (Gentleman).

(B) — Mass. Hist. Soc. Coll. :Wd Series,
vol. 25, page 67. Also in "Concord in the
Colonial Period", Being a History, of the
Town of Concard. Massachusetts, 1636-
16.S9, by Charles H. Walcott.

Cranberry Station and Field Notes

(Continued from Page 4)

quainting growers with the seri-
ousness of the problem and to out-
line control practices.

Gypsy Moth
This insect has been a serious
pest on our bogs for many years.
However, with new materials that
are now available, it is possible to
eradicate this pest. We under-
stand that in Barnstable County
large-scale upland spraying was
carried on very successfully this
past summer. It is further under-
stood that legislation is contemp-
lated this year to provide funds
for a complete eradication of this
pest in Massachusetts. The com-
mittee recommends that the cran-
berry growers through their or-
ganizations, and as individuals,

give their full support to such a
program.

Other Major Pests

Girdlers, fireworms, fruit worms,
and weevils cause considerable
damage to our crop. It is recom-
mended that the Educational Pro-
gram be conducted by the Exten-
sion Service to acquaint growers
with accepted control measures de-
veloped by the Cranberry Experi-
ment Station. Before leaving the
field of insects, we would like to
express our appreciation for the
valuable work carried on by Dr. H.
J. Franklin of the Cranberry Ex-
periment Station in the field of
insect control as well as the other
important research under his di-
rection.

Weeds

Considerable progress has been
made during the past year by
growers in controlling weeds in
cranberry bogs by the use of chem-
icals. We recommend that Dr. C.
E. Cross continue his research on
weed control at the Cranberry Sta-
tion and that the Extension Service
keep growers informed of the new
developments in this field.
Diseases

Fruit rots are another major
problem on cranberry bogs. This
past year saw a definite increase
in the amount of spraying and
dusting carried on to control these
diseases. We recommend that re-
search work in this field be contin-
ued by Dr. H. F. Bergman of the
United States Department of Agri-
culture.

Fertilizers

The continued study of the pro-
per use of fertilizers, now carried
on by Dr. F. B. Chandler of the
Cranberry Station, is of import-
ance to the industry and should be
further investigated according to
the committee.

Quality Fruit

We have seen a tremendous
change this year from the quarter-
barrel box to the one-pound cello-
phane package. The importance of
packing a well-graded, high qual-
ity, consumer's package is obvious.
The foregoing cultural recommen-
dations are of utmost importance
in attaining the goal of producing
a high quality product.

(Continued on Page 15)

ISSUE OF DECEMBER, 1948
Vol. 13 No. 8

CNOW has fallen. It is Christmas time
^ again. Still, it is not a Christian world,
in the true sense of the word. There is too
much animosity, both at home and abroad.
There is struggle in many parts of the
globe. Chinese are fighting Chinese ; Arabs
are fighting the Jewish people in Palestine,
the Holy Land. The threat of an atomic
bomb attack hangs over all of us. Why
should this be? Most of us want only
Peace and Good Will toward our fellow
man.

At any rate CRANBERRIES takes this
opportunity to wish all a Merry Christmas
and a most Happy New Year.

SATISFACTION IN STRUGGLE __

COMETIMES as we sit in our "Ivory Tow-
er", so called, we wonder if the game
is worth the struggle. And then, again, we
think it is. Without a struggle what would
life be worth? We try to do our job as
best we can. There is satisfaction in doing
one's best, even though this best may not
be so worthy. Some achieve great fame
and fortune, others do not. However,
there is satisfaction in trying to do the best
with such talents as the Maker gave us.

CRANBERRY INDUSTRY NOT BORN
WITHOUT A STRUGGLE

T'HE cranberry industi-y was not born
without a struggle. The pioneers in
every cranberry-growing area did not have
the benefits of modern science, such as
weather forecasts, modern insecticides,
modern means of application, such as heli-
copters, straight-wing planes, and the im-
proved ground dusters and sprayers. These
pioneers had to fight it out with sheer
muscle and will power. What would they
think if they were alive today?

O *;;!>^'^^»^'«fi«$^

PEACE ON EARTH-GOOD WILL TO ALL

CRANBERRY HISTORY

WE would like to especially call your
attention to the beginning of a series
of articles by your editor upon the cran-
berry industry as a whole. He has at-
tempted to make this as accurate as pos-
sible. But to err is only human. If errors

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS

Subscription $3.00 per year
Advertising rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS

Wisconsin

C. D. HAMMOND, Jr.
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington— Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY
Cranberry Specialist
Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK
Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station

East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,
New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station

Pemberton, New Jersey

are found he would like to have them
called to his attention. There should be
an accurate history of the cranberry in-
dustry. This series of articles, which may
be later printed in book form, is an attempt
to do this.

T'HIS is our last issue with pictures of
cranberry queens for this year. Per-
haps this is something to be grateful for.
Queens have their place if they help move
the crop, as we said last month. But too
much of a good thing is too much.

Nine

Cranberry Crop />
Is Estimated as
AU-Time^igh

November estimate of the 1948
cranberry crop, as released by New
England Crop Reporting Service,
C. D. Stevens and A. C. Hacken-
dorf. Statisticians, gave Massachu-
setts an up in production to 575,000
barrels. This is an increase of 19
per cent over last year.

In addition the report gave the
nation 992,000 barrels, which is
a record. Previous high was in
1937 with 877,300.

The estimate says in part:
"Weather conditions during Oc-
tober were favorable for the com-
pletion of the harvest of the cran-
berry crop in Massachusetts. Very
little damage by frost occurred in
October and the after-harvest re-
ports of growers indicate rather
substantially larger yields than
expected a month ago.

"Cranberry production in Massa-
chusetts is estimated at 575,000
barrels this season. This total
exceeds the 1947 production of
485,000 brrels by 19 per cent, and
the 10-year (1937-46) average
production of 445,000 barrels by 29
per cent. The record 1948 produc-
tion is only slightly larger than
the 1942 crop which totaled 572,-
000 barrels.

"The size of berries is slightly
below average, due to dry weather
late in the growing season. The
shrinkage of berries in screening
is expected to be near-average.
On the whole, berries show satis-
factory color and keeping quality.
"Cranberry production in the
United States is now estimated at
922,500 barrels. This record pro-
duction is well above the previous
record large crop of 877,300 bar-
rels produced in 1937. Cranberry
production totaled 790,200 barrels
in 1947, and 673,940 barrels in the
10-year (1937-46) average produc-
tion.

"Production in New Jersey is
estimated at 67,000 barrels, 18 per
cent below last year and 22 per
cent below average. The New
Jersey crop was reduced consider-
ably as a result of sun-scald.

"The Wisconsin crop is esti-
mated at 225,000 barrels, 40 per

Ten

Oregon Queen
Choosen at Festival

Under the reign of Queen Lois
I, the second annual Bandon Cran-
berry Festival closed Nov. 6 with
all reports indicating an even
greater success than was antici-
pated. Crowds turning out for the
parade, fair. Cranberry Bowl game,
coronation program and dances
virtually all neared capacity.

Highlight of the two-day festival
was the queen coronation program,
which Master of Ceremonies Art
Dobney opened by introducing the
eight candidates, Lois Blakely, Di-
ane Burrell, Marie Fasnacht, La-
Vera Kinnett, Betty Loshbaugh,
Florence Moore, Nancy Price and
Phyllis Pullen. Each girl voiced
thanks to her sponsoring organi-
zation while judges pondered over
their scoring cards and auditors
worked out ticket vote percentages.
Meanwhile musical entertain-
ment was provided by the Bandon
high girls' glee club.

When the judges' and ticket vote
percentages were totaled Lois
Blakely, Bandon Active club can-
didate, was announced queen of the
festival.

When time came for the corona-
tion, no crown could be found.
Dobney announced that widespread
search had failed to locate a crown
fitting for the Bandon queen^ so
it would be necessary to turn to
magic. A large black box was
put on the stage. With proper
ceremony, Dobney poured into this
box silvery ocean spray from the
Bandon beach, silver sand, rays of
sunlight captured earlier in the
day, greenery from cranberry bogs
and finally a quantity of ripe cran-
berries. With the proper incanta-
tions, the master of ceremonies

cent above the previous record-
large crop of 1947 and twice the
1937-46 average. Growing condi-
tions were unusually favorable in
that state this season.

"Acreage has increased in the
past few years. In Washington
and Oregon production now is esti-
mated to total 55,500 barrels, 11
per cent smaller than last year,
but 52 per cent above average.
Harvest was practically over by
Nov. 1."

Stepped back, there was a lar^e re

port and a great puff of smoke
came from the box — and a crown
had been readied for the queen.

The crown was placed on the
head of Queen Lois by Mrs. Ralph
Cope, Jr., Langlois (the former
Ruth Kreutzer) who was queen of
the first festival. Queen Lois was
helped to her throne and the key
to the city was presented by Mayor
R. V. Backlund.

Many gifts were presented to the
queen and princesses. Queen Lois
received a gold bracelet and each
of her court was given a necklace
of pearls, with the best wishes of
the following Bandon business es-
tablishments:

C. C. Inman, Style Shop, Ed
Capps, West Coast Telephone Co.,
Paul's Jewelry, McNair Hardware,
Davison's, Bob-Otto Court, Ed Gal-
lier, Haga's, Coast Lumber Yard,
Shell Service Station, George Chap-
pell, Jack Ward, Coquille Valley
Dairy Co-Op, Kay's Feed Store,
Tuttle's, Bandon Theatre, McCart-
ney & Sharp, Merritt J. Senter,
Coast Sales Hardware:

Sportsman's Cafe, The Pastime,
Lloyd's Cafe, Croxall & Perry,
Golden Rule, Minute Cafe, M. &
L. Grocery, Carr's Variety, K. I.
Franklin, Shindler's Drug Store,
George's Electric, Arcade Garden,
Chick's Service, Bank of Bandon,
Keatings, Moore Mill, Western
World, and Our Bakery.

A huge decorated cake with a
miniature queen on top was pre-
sented Queen Lois by Our Bakery.
Lorenz department store, Coquille,
sent each of the eight girls a pair
of stockings, and other gifts were
received from the sponsoring or-
ganizations. The formal gown each
wore was a gift from the Festival
association.

At the close of the program the
royal court with their escorts per-
formed a grand march and started
the Coronation Ball. Escorts in-
cluded Bill Brown, Jerry Wright,
Jim Scott, Bob Newport, Ralph
Hutchison, Jack Donaldson, Walter
Shutt and Don Morris.

Bandon Volnteer firemen injected
a surprise thrill into the big Fes-
tival parade Saturday morning
on Main sti-eet when they put on
a Keystone Comedy style demon-

(Conlinued on Page 14)

i

Jt ■■**»

Eleven

Prizes Await
Massachusetts Lady

More Cranberry Publicity
Than Ever

CANDIED CRANBERRIES

These are for Best Pie, Made
of Cranberries and Apples
— Contest Sponsored by
the Massachusetts Cran-
berry and Apple Industries

Boston — A crisp $50 bill is wait-
ing for the Massachusetts lady
who can bake the best pie out of a
cranberry-apple combination. Thir-
ty dollars will go to the second
best pie maker, and $20 to the
third best.

This contest is sponsored by the
Massachusetts apple and cranberry
industries. . Prize-winning pies will
be judged January 4 at Worcester
as part of the big three-day annual
Union Agricultural Meeting which
is a cooperative effort by 40 Mas-
sachusetts and New England farm
organizations.

Preliminary contests will be
held in each county under the di-
rection of the county home demon-
stration agents. Ten dollar prizes
are being offei-ed for the best
county pie. The score card and
other details on the pie-making
contest may be obtained from the
home demonstration agents.

In announcing these awards,
Agriculture Commissioner John
John Chandler, who is chairman of
the Executive Committee of the
Union Meeting, said that this was
the first such contest designed to
emphasize the many fine combina-
tions which can be made with the
two most important fruits pro-
duced in Massachusetts. Additional
features honoring apples and cran-
berries at Worcester will include a
series of window display contests
open to all Worcester merchants in
which substantial prizes will be
offered for the best displays of
cranberries and apples or a com-
bination of both.

Walter E. Piper of the Division
of Markets of the Massachusetts
Department of Agriculture has
been named general chairman of
the contest. He will head a state-
wide committee which includes
William H. Wyeth, Chairman Pub-
lic Relations Committee, Cape Cod
Cranberry Growers' Association,
Wareham, Mass.

First "National Cranberry Week",
October 18-23, having proven to
have been successful in gaining
publicity, National Cranberry As-
sociation executive committee on
November 4th approved "National
Cranberry Week" for 1949. Other
"queens" chosen than the NCA and
other publicity activities, have giv
en cranberries more publicity than
ever before in the history of the
industry.

Cranberry Festival

(Continued from Page 10)

stration of how NOT to put out a
fire.

Starting a spectacular but harm-
less fire in a cardboard "Chic Sale"
facsimile, the smoke-eaters put on
a wild show with men running up
ladders with disconnected lengths
of hose, etc., in mock efforts to
squelch the blaze. At first the act
was so realistic that an elderly
woman bystander remarked, "Isn't
that a shame! And right in the
middle of such a nice parade!"

The parade, which started from
the Coast Guard station, was led
by colors and guards from Bandon
and Coquille V. F. W. posts, in-
cluded more than 30 separate units.

Queen Lois and her court pre-
sided over the colorful spectacle
from a convertible Packard car
piloted by Martin Kranick.

Selected as outstanding entries
by the judges, were the fire depart-
ment as the best organization, and
the Coos Cranberry Co-Op's fioat
as the best commercial entry. The
co-op's entry was a flatbed truck
on which were a group of women
actively "picking" cranberries un-
der the "strawboss", Elmer Gant.
The truck was also decorated with
"Eatmor Cranberries" advertising.

Prizes were awarded to children.

Spirited marching music was
provided by the Bandon high
school band with Director L. E.
Wright.

A sound truck, used all during
the festival through the courtesy
of Dodge & Greene, followed the
parade, announcing other events
and winners.

Candied cranberries are easy ti
make, but they do take time. S<
it may be just as well to give then
a little advance thought. Th(!
bureau of human nutrition am
home economics suggests the fol
lowing method of making them:

For 1 pound or quart of berrie
use 3 cups sugar and 2 cups watei
Select large, firm, perfect berrie;^
wash and drain. Make 2 or
small slits in each berry with th
point of a knife. In a large sauce
pan boil sugar and water togethe
until clear. When cool, add bei
ries, bring slowly to the boilin
point, then remove from the stov
and let stand overnight. (The pa
should be large enough to allow a
berries to float on top of the syru
during the cooking. If the berrie
are heated too quickly the skir
will burst before they absorb th
syrup).

Next day drain the syrup froi
the berries and boil until it is thicl
Allow the syrup to cool, add th
berries, heat slowly and cook ger
tly 3 or 4 minutes. Allow berrie
to stand in syrup 2 hours or mor^
Then cook slowly for the third tim
until the syi-up will pour easil;
and drain berries from the syru)
Spread them on a rack covered wit
cheesecloth to dry. Store in
tightly covered jar.

The syrup left over after th i
berries are candied make deliciou
dessert sauce or is good to use i
holiday punch.

Cranberry Datelets

1 recipe plain pasti'y

1 cup Jellied Cranberry Sauce
Rind V2 lemon

1% tblsps. lemon juice

2 tblsps. water

1 cup pasteurized dates, chopped
1 cup seedless raisins, halved
V2 cup chopped nuts

Crush cranberry sauce wit
fork. Add lemon juice, lemon rin(
water, dates, and raisins. Stir ur
til well blended. Add chopped nu
meats.

Roll pastry to Vs inch thicknes
and cut into rounds of about
inches. On half the rounds plae
a teaspoon of the filling. Cove
with second round. Press edge

F.ou^'teep

;ogether. Prick holes. Bake in
lot oven (459 degrees F.) for about
[5 minutes.

Cranberry Station and Field Notes

(Continued from Page 8)

Forestry

It is recognized that a large per-
lentage of our forestry holdings
n southeastern Massachusetts are
iwned by cranberry growers. In
irder to preserve this natural re-
ource and also provide an oppor-
unity for off-season work, we rec-
immend the continued study of
lUtlets for forest products by our
tate, district, and county forest-
rs. Finally, we recommend at-
ention to improved forestry prac-
ices on the part of cranberry
•rowers through an educational
rogram carried out by the Exten-
ion Service.

Respectfully submitted,
Edward Bartholomew,Chairman
J. Richard Beattie, Secretary

Emil St. Jacques, Wareham; Fer-
is Waite, Plymouth; Howard Hil-
;r, Rochester; Joseph L. Kelley,
last Wareham; Robert S. Handy,
ataumet; William Wyeth, Ware-
am; Kenneth Garside, Duxbury.

Scoops and Screenings

Since the orchids are being
passed out, it might be no more
than fair to hand one to Sherman
L. Whipple, 3rd, upon his excellent
article in the program for the
Wareham Coronation. This was

6f

entitled "Cranberries — Flour Bar-
rel to Cellophane."

« * « • •

Scoops and Screening's family
enjoyed cranberry sauce over
Thanksgiving, this being from a
cellophane pack put out by "Pals."
"Pals" is Peter A. Lesage of Yar-
mouth, Massachusetts, an inde-

5?

s?

S?

SP

MAY THERE BE
HAPPINESS THROUGH-
OUT THE WORLD

We look forward with delightful
enthusiasm to the good cheer
and fellowship that is an essen-
tial part of the Yuletide season.
Our kindest regards to each of
you on this Christmas day.

Decas Bros.

WAREHAM, MASS.

returns to

EDAVILLE

Again this year, "old No. 7 invites you to accompany "Her" along
her route of happiness, where new and more adequate facilities have
been provided for your pleasure and comfort.

May we extend through Old No. 7, our best wishes for this Season's
Greetings.

Sincerely,
(MR. & MRS. ELLIS D. ATWOOD)

Fifteen

pendent. This same family has
also recently enjoyed excellent
sauce, both processed and home-
prepared, put out by others. You
know thei'e must be something-
wrong with your bud tasters if you
don't like cranberries.

NOTICE TO MASS. GROWERS

J. Richard Beattie sends notice
to growers:

"In view of the relatively high
temperatures experienced in No-
vember, cranberry buds may be

THOMAS BROTHERS
General Contractors

MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

Tel. Middleboro 772

Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells
Transit Mix Concrete

Complete Line of Construction Equipment
Excavating^ - Grading - Hauling

Leave the Tough Jobs for Us
Our Experience is Your Guarantee

rather subject to frost damage
when the next real cold spell oc-
curs. Dr. H. J. Franklin of the
Cranberry Experiment Station ad-
vised cranberry growers to put on
their winter flood just as soon as
severe temperatures are antici-
pated.

FOR SALE

Approximately 500 ft. 8 inch
used Steel Pipe in excellent con-
dition. G. E. HOWES, Tel. 161,
Dennis, Mass.

CRANBERRY
BOXES

•

B. H. COLE & CO.

North Carver, Mass.

1707

ttUiibV'Uidb.'SKUBin

■ rn-,^_.

195

Specify and be sure you get

CyPROLIGNUM

to Save easily Renewals on Flumes
and Headgates

CUPROLIGNUM SHINGLE STAIN

For new clapboards, old stained or new shingles. Can be painted
over if desired.

CUPROLIGNUM COPPER BOTTOM PAINT

with the addition of Cuprolignum gives added resistance to bar-
nacles or teredoes by penetrating the wood cells, depositing toxics
which remain after paint film has completely disintegrated.

New England Representative

ROBERT S. CHASE

Marlboro Street Boston 16, Mass.

Manufacturers: RUDD & CUMMINGS, Seattle, Washington

Sixteen

Western Pickers Inc.
Cites Picking Costs

Now that the 1948 Picking Sea-
son is over, it behooves all cran-
berry growers to take stock — to
evaluate their own position in a
more competitive market and to
prepare for the futui-e (if any).

When growers were getting more
than $25.00 per bbl. the whole busi-
ness was a bed of roses and picking
costs were unimportant, so long as
the berries were picked somehow.

Comes now the year 1948, with
berries bringing around eight dol-
lars a barrel. If it costs ten dol-
lars per barrel to raise cranberries,
a grower will have to produce a
g-oodly number of barrels to make
any money selling at eight dollars
per barrel!!! — or he is going to
have to cut his costs.

This is where the Western Picker
comes in. Let us cite a few ex-
amples:

At George Cowen's bog. North
Rochester, Mass. % acre was picked
in 2% hours by two machines. Mr.
Cowen reports that the picking was
cleaner than his hand scoopers and
that the berries were not noticeably
bnaised.

At George Briggs' Billington
bog, near Plymouth, Mass., berries
were picked for 21c per barrel.
;(No apparent bruising).

At UCCC Co. Bog No. 13. near
Bryantville, Mass., the picking
costs were 21.4 cents per barrel.
(No visible bruising).

At Bandon, Oregon, Mr. Hooker
reports his costs at 12.5 cents per
oarrel.

These costs are sufficiently low
0 cause an average small grower
,0 wonder what has been happen-
ing to his industry wherein he has
had to pay as high as $4.50 per
jarrel, just for picking.

The difference in these picking
:osts spells profit or loss in the
jusiness in which he makes his
living.

Mechanical Picking is here to
itay because it is cheaper, because
t is cleaner on the average bog,
Decause it is quicker, and because
t frees a grower from a large part
3f his labor worries.

Western Pickers, Inc., has just
mccessfully closed the first Pur-
chasing Pool in Mass., but will ac-
•ept further orders in this state
jnly until Jan. 15, 1949. Address
Western Pickers Inc., Coos Bay,
Dregon. (Advt.)

"New bogs which haven't been
flooded should be protected right
away to prevent possible frost
heaving of hill vines."

SUNSHINE IN
MASSACHUSETTS

Late Prices

The sunshine in Massachusetts
in November at Boston was nine
hours short of the November aver-
age. The year to date is 15 hours
short from the average. This
should not make too much differ-
ence in the crop prospects for next
year, as many other factors enter
into the picture.

The American Cranberry Ex-
change opened its price for Wis-
consins at $3.85 to $4.10, plus 35
cents for cellophane. Eastern late
varieties ran from $3.60 to $3.75
on late Jerseys to $3.95 on Cape
Cod and New Jersey late Howes
and $4.25 for cellophane.

CORRECTION

To correct an error, Miss Vir-
ginia Corrie of Oregon was cap-
tioned as Miss June Peabody of
New Jersey, one of the many Cran-
berry Queens.

Protects Cranguyma

Protectiori^^^from
Frost and Drought
at Cranguyma FarmSj

PHOTO COURTESY OF PORTLAND OREGON JOURNAL '•°"9 ^*°'*'' ^°'*'-

SPREADING out in an impressive acreage in the great North-
west, Cranguyma Farms at Long Beac^, Washington, represents
an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand-
ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000
Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall
whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica-
tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinklers. The distrib-
utor or dealer listed below will be pleased to furnish additional
information upon request.

PACIFIC COAST DISTRIBUTORS

R. M. WADE and CO. ARMCO DRAINAGE & STOUT IRRIGATION INC.
Portland. Oregon METAL PRODUCTS CO. Portland, Oregon

Portland, Oregon

EAST & MIDWEST DISTRIBUTORS

L. R. NELSON MFG. CO.
Peoria, Illinois

MASSACHUSETTS DEALERS

JOSEPH BRBCK & SONS IRRIGATION DIVISION VEGACRE FARM
85 State St., Boston, Mass. Forestdale (Cape Cod), Mass.

RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CORP.

GLENDORA

CALIFORNIA

^evente^n

Wareham American
Legion Chooses
Cranberry Queen

This is the 4th Event Spon-
sored at W a r e h a m —
Queen is Miss Theresa
Guertin, who Received
Many Gifts and a Glorious
Trip to New York as
Guest of NECSCO and
American Cranberry Ex-
change.

The fourth Cranberry Queen
Coronation, Festival and Dance,
sponsored by Wareham Post, No.
220, American Legion and Auxil-
iary, was held at Wareham (Mass.)
Memorial town hall, Friday, Nov.
19. The new queen, chosen from
11 contestants, was Miss Theresa
Guertin, 18, of Middleboro.

More than 800 attended the
affair, in spite of heavy rain.

Miss Guertin was chosen by a

committee of judges headed by
Cledge Roberts, who is now asso-
ciated with television in New York.
This committee included Russell
Makepeace, A. D. Makepeace Co.,
Wareham, E. L. Bartholomew,
Wareham, a grower.

The Program began with a con-
cert at 8.1.5. Then came greetings
by Alton H. Worrall, a member of
the post, who is chairman of the
Wareham Board of Selectmen and
Representative-elect to the Massa-
chusetts legislature. The 1947
queen, Miss Sharon Casey, former-
ly a resident of Onset, a village of
Wareham, and who is now a stu-
dent at a New York modeling
school, was introduced. It was she
who placed the crown upon the
head of the new queen, coming
from New York to perform the
ceremony.

There was a professional vaude-
ville show and music by an orches-
tra. There was dancing until 1

PREFABRICATED FLUMES

Sliding Gate Reservoir Flumes — the kind that let you sleep
on frosty nights.

Dog-leg Reservoir Flumes — for Oxygen Enrichment.

Flashboard-type Lower Flumes — for close regulation of water
levels.

WITH ARMCO PIPE

Lonp lengths — few joints — easy to handle.

Galvanized, asbestos bonded, completely coated, with a paved bottom to

take the wear.

AND NO SPILING

Instead, on short pipes, reservoir flumes, or where eels and muskrats
are bad, use a corrugated-iron seepwall collar, extending two feet above,
below, and both sides of pipe.

ASSEMBLED IN A FEW HOURS

Excavatinp and backfilling your chief problem.

NO SETTLEMENT

Except as the whole dike .settles, even un the softest bottom.

DELIVERY

Normally within three weeks from the time yo u order. Material trucked
from Palmer. Unloaded as near the sites as they can reasonably get
with a loaded trailer truck.

PRICE

Depends on size, height, length, etc. Unless the flume is unusually
high, wide and handsome, the cost will not exceed $10 per inch of outlet
diameter; 18" outlet. $180. Short, simple flumes are as much as 25%
less. This is delivered price ; you install it. I sometimes supervise
installation for a fee.

R. A. TRUFANT

Hydraulic Consultant — Bog Railroads For Sale or Rent

Tel. Carver 64-11 NORTH CARVER, MASS.

a. m. Refreshments were served
The program was in charge of a
committee headed by Henry Hawes
of Wareham, a cranberry grower.
A principal speaker was "Bob'
Kornfeld, editor of "Cranberrj
World", of New York, this being
the house organ of the American
Cranberry Exchange. It was Mr.
Kornfeld who had charge of the
New York trip of the new queen
this being as guest of the New
England Cranberry Sales Co. anc
of the Exchange.

CUT TALL GRASS.
WEEDS...BRUSH

Mows fast and clean
around buildings, fields,
under trees, fences,
along road-
sides, and in
light corners.

'Ml..

Cuts 4 to <<

acres in 8 hrs>

Easy to handle or

rough ground or steep

slopes. Cuts 1 Mi "from ground. Ruggedl

Economical. Dependable.

With

LESS

WATER

For Form, Or'Sqrd or Truck Cardan. Eorily
and quickly mq'ynled on any irrlgalien pip*.
Heavy duly brtiss and bronio conilruction
for long lervic^j Sand and dirt proof. Wa-
ter lubricaled|iiiaring$— no oil or grease re-
quired. No Iw moving partt to rapidly
v»ear out. M^OTnum coverage— even diilrw
bulion. Im

^ BUCKNER MANUFACTURING CO.(i,
161S BUck«tone Ave., Fresno, Calilomie

BUCKNER SPRINKLERS

ii^Aiiii

CO.-

Il^l WASHINGTON STREET
WEST NEWTON 6fi, MASS.

Eigbteeii

While in New York Miss Guertin
and her mother stayed at the Hotel
Astor.

Her first event in New York,
Monday, November 22, was a fitting
for h^r cranberry red dress at the
Ceil Chapman studio. She was
given a hat fitting- to a queen,
gloves, hose, hand bag — in fact, a
complete outfit.

Following this she went to Mad-
emoiselle magazine for an inter-
view. She was interviewed by
" 'Teen Age" magazine editor, Mar-
ion Glendenning. In the evening she
went to see the play, "Where's

Charley?" She taught Charley's
"Aunt", which is played by Ray
Bolger, how to cook cranberries.

On Tuesday she paid an off'ieial
visit to Columbia University. She
brought with her a plastic box full
of cranberries. The Columbia stu-
dent who guessed closest to the
number of cranberries in the box
was her escort that evening to
dinner and the "Ice Follies."

Wednesday she presented a live
turkey and cranberries to the may-
or of New York, William O'Dwyer.
She met Jack Haley of "Inside
U. S. A.", and gave a cranberry-

Cranberry Growers...

You value the sound, proven recommendations of
the East Wareham Cranberry Experiment Station in
growing your crops successfully.

Equally invaluable to you is sound, properly
written Insurance fitted specially to the need^ of
Cranberry Growers.

E. A. Thacher of this firm will be happy to
discuss your requirements, and without charge or
obligation, prepare a survey of your property and
needs.

Brewer & Lord

INSURANCE
56 Batterymarch Street, Boston

Telephone: Hancock 60830

cooking lesson to mother of "Life
with Mother."

On Thursday she appeared on a
one-hour television show with
Gloria Swanson, this being broad-
cast over station WPIX. She saw
Macy's Thanksgiving observation
and had her own Thanksgiving din-
ner at the Astor. Other events
were radio broadcasts, one with
Tom Page, farm editor for NBC,
also Dorothy SarnhofT, star of
"Magdalene", and Ann Jeffrys,
star of "My Romance", their topic
being cranberries. (Photo page 12)

Prominent Mass.
Grower Passes at
Ag-e of 78 Years

This is William Crowell of
Dennis, who Died Sudden-
ly November 13 — His Son
Expects to Take Over His
Father's Cranberry Inter-
ests.

William Crowell, 78, of Dennis,
Cape Cod, Massachusetts, a leading
cranberry grower, died at his home
November 13.

He was born in Dennis, the son
of Captain William and Cynthia
(Hall) Crowell. After finishing his
schooling on the Cape and in
Boston, he started in business as a
cranberry broker, as his father had
been before him.

Mr. Crowell was active in Cape
Cod agriculture and was a member
of the Cape Cod Farm Bureau. He

WINTER Reminders...

PRUNERS

WHEELBARROWS - RAKES

BOG PUMPS— 7 in. to 20 in.
AIR-COOLED ENGINES— li/j to G'/o HP.
MINNEAPOLIS — MOLINE ENGINES— 26 to 50 HP.
SEPARATORS — ELEVATORS — DUSTERS

WINTER ORDERS AT SPECIAL DISCOUNT

HAYDEN SEPARATOR MANUFACTURING CO.

WAREHAM, MASS.

Tel.

497-W
497-R

■<*'^

Nineteen

IRRIGATION

^^A LUe^tiine Investiuent

WW

INCREASED YIELDS

THROUGH PROPER MOISTURE CONTROL.

PROTECTION

FROM POST AND DROUGHT.

$400 TO $500 AN ACRE ORDINARILY SUPPLIES EVERY
ITEM FOR A COMPLETE SYSTEM.

AN IRRIGATION SYSTEM

IS A FINANCIAL INVESTMENT TO BE CONSIDERED
ON A 15 YEAR MINIMUM BASIS.

Doesn't this sound like good business?

Write for free folder containing information on
all items necessary for a complete irrigation system.
This includes Flex-0-Seal lightweight portable pipe
in galvanized steel or aluminum, Chrysler gasoline
engine pumpers, Buda and Hercules War Surplus
Diesel pumpers, Rainbird and Buckner sprinklers,
suction hose and discharge fittings. All equipment
delivered to bog and experienced irrigation personnel
available to direct installations.

We have installed both High and Low Pressure Systems on
Cranberry Bogs in Bristol, Barnstable and Plymouth Counties.

VEG-ACRE FARMS IRRIGATION DIVISION

FORESTDALE - Cape Cod MASSACHUSEnS |

served as director of the New Eng-
land Cranberry Sales Company.
He was a selectman of Dennis for
many years and was a member of
the Barnstable County Selectmen's
Association. He was a member of
the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers'
Association and of the Lower Cape
Cod Cranberry Club. He was a
faithful attendant at meetings of
various cranberry groups.

He was a charter member of the
Dennis Grange. He belonged to
the Quivet Tribe of Red Men, and
was also a member of Mount Ho-
reb Lodge, A. F. and A. M. of West
Harwich.

Mr. Crowell married Miss Fran-
cis L Higgins, who died last year.
Surviving are a son, William Ern-
est Crowell, and a daughter, Mrs.
Norman A. Hallett, both of Den-
nis; a daughter-in-law, Mrs. Nath-
alie C. Lowe of Toronton; and five
grandchildren.

Funeral services were held No-
vember 16th at his home and was
largely attended. Burial was in
the Dennis cemetery, where a Ma-
sonic ceremony was conducted.

Mr. Crowell's father, Captain
Crowell, was also active in the
ci'anberry industry, and was one
of the leading Cape brokers. He

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

17 Court St.
Plxmouth, Mass.

BOG MANAGEMENT

Tels: Plymouth 1622
KinfBton 319

If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will
pay you to see us.

A number of properties available, more wanted.

invented the "Crowell Patented
Fruit Box" in 1879. This was ac-
cepted by many Cape growers, and
while not a standard measure, was
a step toward getting better ship-
ping containers for cranberries.

Mr. Crowell at the time of his
death owned several bogs in the
Dennis-Yarmouth area to the ex-
tent of 12-14 acres. He had oper-
ated the Harlow Brook, the Lock,
and the Old Orchard bogs in the
Wareham area.

His son, who is also a cranberry
grower, expects to take over his
father's interests.

Edaville Again
Welcomes Visitors
Over the Holidays

Mr. and Mrs. Ellis D. Atwood of
South Carver, Mass., will again put
on a Christmas-New Year obser-
vance for the general public. This
will be very similar to last year,
with music over loud-speakers, and
multitudes of colored lights. The
Edaville Railroad will make fre-
quent trips over its five and one-
quarter mile course around bogs

JtTter jl\« JLie 1^

age

"KEEP SMILING"

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 740

Peter A. LeSage

YARMOUTH

Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries Tei. Barnstable io7

Twenty-one

and reservoirs.

Four mox'e cars will be added to
the train to care for the visitors,
and possibly two trains will be
sent out if warranted.

Up to just before Thanksgiving,

approximately 145,000 passengers
had been carried as against about
100,000 last year.

The observance will extend from
December 12th to January 2nd and
the "Welcome" sign over the en-

Save Priceless Water

BUY
PORTABLE OVERHEAD SYSTEMS
for
IRRIGATION AND FROST CONTROL

STEEL or ALUMINUM PIPE
Equipped with

McDowell steel couplings

There is no other similar or equal equipment
NO LATCHES NO HOOKS

Write or phone. Our local representative will call.

No charge for Design and Blueprints to suit your particular

bog.

LUNDQUIST COMPANY, Inc.

TEL. PUTNAM (CONN.) 1917 WEST WOODSTOCK. CONN.

trance to Edaville means just what
it says.

A Prophetic
Address of
24 Years Ago

(Editor's Note. — The following is an
address delivered by Robert B. Hunter,
a canner, of Wareham, Massachusetts,
at the Spring, 1924 meeting of the Cape
Cod Cranberry Growers' Association. It
appeared originally in The Wareham
Courier of June 6th, 1924 and is re-
printed as Ijeing apropos of conditions as
they are today).

"Of the familiar fruits which
are not commonly eaten raw or in
their fresh state, see if you find
even a single one in the following
list of 20 well-known fruits —
apples, apricots, pears, peaches,
plums, oranges, lemons, grape-
fruit, watermelons, canteloupes,
figs, dates, bananas, grapes, cher-
ries, pineapple, strawberries, rasp-
berries, blackberries, blueberries,
etc. Such fruits can be eaten out
of hand, or can be served at our
tables without being cooked.
Haven't they all a great primary
r.iarket to be consumed just as they
i.ro presented by Nature? They
are all available in their season

Colley Cranberry
Company

SHIPPERS OF CAPE COD
CRANBERRIES

n'^Mici 11

SUITSUS" Brand

Plymouth, Mass.

Office
17 Court Street

Telephone
Plymouth 1622

Twenty-two

:o be eaten raw, either where
jrown or where displayed by deal-
;rs.

"But fresh or raw cranberries
ire not served at our tables nor
"ound in our lunch boxes — nor do
ve buy them at the fruit stand for
in in-between-meals desire to sat-
sfy a craving for some fruit.
'True, there are some persons

F

REDERICK

V.L

AWRENCE

INCORPORATED

•

READY-MIXED CONCRETE

SAND— GRAVEL

CONCRETE BLOCKS

ROAD BUILDING

EXCAVATING

DRIVEWAY CONSTRUCTION

3 MODERN PLANTS

2 BUILDING MATERIAL
STORES

•

MAIN OFFICE

FALMOUTH 1800

Wareham 1180 Hyannis 1900

who are sufficiently fond of cran-
berries to nibble a few at the bog
or screenhouse, but it may be con-
sidered as an established fact that
the cranberry is the only fruit
which must be cooked before it can
be eaten, therefore the cranberry
grower is deprived of one of the
principal means of having a great
portion of his crop absorbed like
other fruits.

"Another reason for the slower
consumption of cranberries as com-
pared with other fruits is this.
The usual recipe for cranberry
sauce: one quart of cranberries,
one pound; two cups of sugar, one
pound; two cups of water, one
pound; a total of three pounds of
ingredients before one pound of
cranberries can be eaten, and only
one-third is really cranberries — in
other words, the bulk of volume
of cranberries has been stretched
or expanded thrice its original
size. Thus by the time a crop of
a half-million barrels or 50,000,000
pounds has reached our table it
represents 150,000,000 pounds to be
consumed. How is it with most of
the fruits to be consumed ? Their
bulk is really reduced before being

consumed. A pound of strawber-
ries is less because of hulling. A
pound of oranges or bananas is
less because of having to be peeled.

"No doubt these same two argu-
ments (a) 'must be cooked' (b)
'bulk increased by consumer', have
been presented to you before, or
have already occurred to you.

"The grower's problem now is to
find a broader, freer outlet with a
more continuous flow than has
heretofore existed when his only
dependence for an ultimate con-
sumer has been upon the one who
cooks the fruit at home in some
form or other.

MATHEWS

CONVEYOR

and

TRACK

Frost Insecticide Co.

Box 36
ARLINGTON, 74

MASS.

We send to you the joys and
happiness of this Christmas
season and hope they will
linger in your heart through
the years to come. Our
thoughts are with you on
this Christmas Day.

^

New England Cranberry Sales Company

THE CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE

ORGANIZED IN 1907

9 Station Street

Middleboro, Mass.

Twenty-three

"When properly pi-epared there
is no fruit more appetizing, delic-
ious or pleasing, or possessing
more tonic-like virtues than cran-
berries. IVIost everybody likes
cranberries as commonly served —
they why don't the people use
more of them? Because cranber-
ries require some sort of prepar-
ation. Vegetables can be cooked
without the addition of any other
substance except the ordinary sea-
sonings, but cranberries must have
plenty of sugar and as a rule be
carefully watched during the cook-
ing. Hence the bother of cooking,
and also the lack of uniformity in
results.

"Fortunately the cranberry can
be commercially prepared in more
forms than most other fruits.
When speaking at your fall meet-
ings in 1921 I attempted to vision
some of these forms. Since then
the canning of cranberry sauce
has taken a tremendous stride as
a successful canner of this product
will tell you. The field for com-
mercially-prepared cranberries is
so large that it is to be hoped, and
reasonably so, that many concerns
will engage in putting them out in
the various commercial forms.
There is plenty of room for all who
are engaging in cranberry pro-
ducts.

"There are great markets to be
had right here in our own nation
for the factory-prepared products
of the cranberry — through the gro-
cer to our homes; through the pub-
lic eating places; through the ba-
kers; through the confectioners;
through the ice cream parlors and
soda fountains.

CRANBERRY MARSH
FOR SALE

Plenty of water — 240 acres of
land. Caterpillar dozer, etc.
Two homes, one modern. Rea-
son for selling, ill health.
$20,000.00. Roussopoulos Bros.,
Millston, Wis.

"Cranberries are practically un-
known to the world outside our
own boundaries, except as foreign
citizens have enjoyed them when
in the United States. Cranberry
products will also find their way
into the foreign markets in such
forms as will best suit the peculiar
desires of their taste. I venture
to predict that the not distant fu-
ture will find many concerns pre-

serving this most likeable and
healthy fruit in some one or mor(
of its many forms. The last cen
sus gave the total pack of al
canned fruit as nearly 30,000,00(
cases (about 75,000,000 cans) fo^
the year 1919. May we not rea
sonably expect that the next U. S,
census will record prepared cran-
berries in their rightful propor-
tionate share of the total?"

TlTWTrWTTWn

TILLER HT/w

# full horsepower motor
^ SUndsrd two siMCds—

forward and revsr^e.

# Potitiv* action, multi-
pi* disc clutch.

0 Full sized VtelMtric
■Hoy steel lines.

izzzzzs

■^

tlr

A

ARIENS COMPANY • BRILLION.WIS.

Twenty- four

ELECTRICITY

LIGHTS YOUR CHRISTMAS TREE, BRIGHTENS
YOUR NEW YEAR'S EVE, AND DOES MANY
HUMBLE TASKS EVERY DAY IN YOUR HOME
AND ON YOUR CRANBERRY PROPERTY.

Plymouth County Electric Co.

WAREHAM

Tel. 200

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 1300

mfirktmss Mrcetmgs

To faithful old friends, cherished new
friends — y o u whose friendship w e
strive to deserve, our hearty Greetings
are tendered for a genuine American
Christmas. May the New Year be a
.joyous and prosperous one for each of
you.

Beaton's Distributing Agency

Wareham, Mass.

\\\

MIN-OT

FOOD PACKERS, Inc.

BRIDCETON, NEW JERSEY

Packers of

N\\ IN-W I Strained Cranhetri^ Sauce

and

dOnUjap'S Whole Ctanhert-f, Sauce

Represented by

BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY

WAREHAM, MASS.

.^€t|#it»|#i

TO ALL CRANBERRY GROWERS:

We wish that you who raised a record crop of cranberries this year
will harvest a record crop of peace, happiness and success in the year
ahead.

We wish that the true cooperative spirit may prevail among
nations as well as cranberry growers. History offers the most imposing
proof of a truth learned long ago by many members of our industry —

Cooperation clears the way for peace, peace leads to order, and
order is the way to prosperity.

Your faithful servant for 42 years,

The American Cranberry Exchange, Inc.

The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative

Marketers of

Eatmor
Cranberries

Chicago

New York

KVINC A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY

\PE COO
EW JERSEY
iVISCONSIN
OREGON
WASHINGTON

C^d"foe„e':"^c^^NBlRR'?E^ph™™'^''• '™'' '^°'-'' "'=''"'" ™ STRENGTHEN--A Cap.

\

30 Cents

January, 194^

You Can^t Beat
Experience /

For over half a century the Growers' Cranberry Company has been
rendering super-efficient service to its members, which comprise the
majority of the Cranberry growers in New Jersey. You can't beat
experience. Wouldn't you like to join us?

Growers Cranberry Company, Inc.

Oldest Cooperative in the Cranberry industry
Oldest agricultural Cooperative in New Jersey

PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY

What Will Happen in 1949 ?

The 1948 season is past history. Cranberry growers are now think-
ing of 1949. In some minds, doubts are forming as to what 1949 will
bring.

Why not join hands with the WISCONSIN CRANBERRY SALES
COMPANY and the AMERICAN CRANBERRY EXCHANGE and feel
confident in a security that these two organizations have offered in the
past and are in a position to offer for the future?

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

(A Cooperative)
WISCONSIN RAPIDS WISCONSIN

For 1949 . . We Resolve

Through continued advertising, publicity and aggres-
sive sales promotion, to build an ever-widening
market for cranberry crops.

To work for prices which will be reasonable to con-
sumers and will bring fair returns to cranberry
growers.

To do all in our power to bring greater cooperation
within the cranberry industry, because only
through a strong cooperative can growers be as-
sured of sound marketing and stable prices.

To be ever mindful that we are the servants of the
cranberry grower, and that our every act is dedi-
cated to achieving greater security and pros-
perity for our members.

National Cranberry Association

The Growers' Cooperative
Brmnches at:

Hanson, Massachusetts North Harwich, Massachusetts Coquille, Oregon 1

Onset, Massachusetts Bordentown, New Jersey Markham, Washington

Plymouth, Massachusetts North Chicago, Illinois Long Beach, Washington

DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWLRb

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREHAM 162

S. C. M. Packard & Co.

Hardware — Locksmiths
For Maintenance Supplies

Let Us Handle

Your Power Needs

for Bog Pumps

International Harvester

and

Continental Red Seal

Industrial Engines

SALES and SERVICE

J. M. HACKETT

Tel. Rockland 1864
NO. HANOVER MASS.

Eztensiye Experience in
ELECTRICAL WORK

At Scr*«nhou>M, Bo(« and
Pumpt Mmws Satli faction

ALFRED PAPPI

WAJtEHAM, MASS. Tal. ase

USE DYNAMITE

The modern way to re-
move stumps, excavate
rocks, DIG CORES FOR
DIKES, and other blasting
work in cranberry growing.

Speeds up work — reduces costs.
CONSULT WITH US ON ANY
WORK YOU ARE PLANNING.
Trained by Hercules Powder Co.

Alton J. Smith

High St., Hanson, Mass.
Tel. Bryantville 297

An Ad

in

CRANBERRIES
is your message
placed before the in-
dustry.

H. R. Bailey Co.

South Carrer
Massachusetts

'I*
i

Advertising Does

Pay

Dividends

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.
in stock

Morris April Bros-

Bridgeton - Tuckahoe
New Jersey

Edwin K. Greer Co.

WAREHAM, MASS.
Est. 1891 Tel. Wareham 108

PIONEERS RETAILERS OF
BUILDING MATERIALS

CATERING To The CRANBERRY
INDUSTRY

LUMBER DRAIN PIPE

WOOD PRESERVERS BOLTS

TOOLS

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

"CRANBERRIES"
ADVERTISING
PAYS BIG
DIVIDENDS!

Reasonable Rates
on Request

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

Wood
County
National
Bank

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

m.mbkr pbobrat. ■■posit
insuhancb cohporation

SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY

ADAMS & GOULD

Lumber Dealers

"Everything Under Cover"

East Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 648

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Paints - Hardware

Cape & Vineyard
Electric Company

Oflfices:

Chatham

Falmouth
Hyannis

Vineyard Haven

Acushnet
Saw Mills Co.

GOOD
WOOD BOXES

Cranberry Growers

Order Harvest and

Shipping Boxes

New Bedford, Mau.

Est. 1865

Attention
Cranberry
Growers ! !

We have

Drain Pipe

Large Sized Terra Cotta
Makes a Permanent Installation

RALPH W. ELLIOT

Sandwich Rd., Wareham, Mass.

T*I. Wareham 794

Mail Addraaa: Buzzard* Bay, RFD

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and Jobbers

94 Faneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON, MASS.

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Mass. Cranberry
Station and Field Notes

by J. RICHARD BEATTIE
Extension Cranberry Specialist

Our congratulations to Mrs. Kay
Mitchell of Wrentham, Mrs. Wick-
ham Ames of South Harwich, and
Mrs. Edward L. Bartholomew of
Wareham for their Prize Winning
pies which won top honors in the
county and state Cranberry-Apple
Pie Contest. This pie contest was
one of the highlights of the Union
Agricultural Meetings held in Wor-
cester January 4-6, one of the lar-
gest agricultural gatherings in New
England. This is a real honor for
these women, considering the keen
competition. There were 237 cran-
berry-apple pies entered, with each
county well represented. Curious-
ly enough, the three prize-winning
pies came from eastern Massachu-
setts, which is quite fitting from
the cranberry growers' point of
view. First prize of |100 in state
competition was awarded to Mrs.
Kay Mitchell in Norfolk county;
second prize of $30 went to Mrs.
Wickham Ames in Barnstable coun-
ty, and third prize of $20 was won
by Mrs. Edward L. Bartholomew
in Plymouth county. By the way,
Mrs. Bartholomew was the only
prize winner who is the wife of a
cranberry grower (known as Bart
to most people), so she really up-
held the ci'anberry interests for the
entire enterprise. Each of the
above women also collected $10 as
winners in their respective coun-
ties. ,

The Cape Cod Cranberry Grow-
ers Association sponsored two edu-
I cational exhibits as a part of the
Worcester meetings under the di-
rection of William Wyeth, chair-
man of the Public Relations Com-
mittee of the Association. "Bill"
and his committees did a fine piece
of work in promoting cranberries
at these meetings. Incidently, this
is the first year that cranberry
growers and their organizations
j have participated actively at this
• event. Both cranberry exhibits at-

Four

tracted considerable attention. They
featured displays of fresh cran-
berries exhibited in the various
consumer type packages plus a
fine exhibit of the diflferent pro-
cessed cranberry products. In ad-
dition to the pie contest, and the
two exhibits, there were 15 window
displays in down town Worcester
featuring cranberries and apples.
Prizes were awarded by the De-
partment of Agriculture for the
most outstanding window display.
The Union Meeting banquet is an-
other highlight of this session.
Cranberries were on parade again
in the form of a liberal serving of
whole sauce for the dignitaries
and guests present. Yes, cranber-
ries were definitely in evidence and
well received in Worcester January
4-6.

Growers will be interested to
know that all of the cranberry
marketing agencies cooperated
100% in making possible these
exhibits and window displays by
giving of their time, money, and
products. Special thanks are due
the following growers and their
wives who went to Worcester, set
up the exhibits, and manned booths
for the three-day meetings. Mr.
and Mrs. William Wyeth of Ware-
ham, Mr. and Mrs. Edward L. Bar-
tholomew of Wareham, and Mr.
and Mrs. Ferris Waite of Ply-
mouth.

Visitors at the Cranberry Sta-
tion within the last year or two
have seen our new heating plant.
It replaced Dr. Franklin's "old pot
bellied stove" which had served the
station with distinction for many
years. Dr. Franklin decided for
.several good reasons that the old
stove would not be discarded with
advent of our new oil burner. This
caused some good-natured banter-
ing, as would be expected. Well,
the storm of December 19th re-
sulted in widespread power failure

in this area, but demonstrated the
wisdom of Dr. Franklin's decision.
The "old stove" really came into
its own and provided some much-
needed warmth — so it was busi-
ness as usual on Monday morning
when many other establishments
were forced to close shop because
of lack of heat.

The Massachusetts Cranberry
Advisory Committee met at the
Cranberry Station December 27 to
assist the Extension Service in
preparing what we hope is an ef-
fective cranberry program for the
coming year. There was an excel-
lent delegation of growers present
representing the four Cranberry
Clubs and the Cape Cod Cranberry
Growers Association. The County
Agricultural Agents in the leading
cranberry counties were present,
together with members of State
University and Cranberry Station.
The discussion was divided between
production and marketing prob-
lems. One or two objectives as ex-
pressed by the committee under
each heading follows. In terms of
production problems, it was the
opinion of the committee that in-
sect, disease, and weed control
measures be stressed in every pos-
sible way this year when there may
be a tendency to curtail certain
bog operations. In fact, the discus-
sion centered around the need of
cutting costs of production all
along the line plus increased at-
tention to greater mechanization
of the industry. The field of mar-
keting also received major atten-
tion in our discussion. The feeling
was expressed that possibly too
much time had been devoted to
production problems in years past
and too little time and thought to
our marketing problems. The
question was posed to James W.
Dayton, County Agent Leader, as
to where marketing came into the
picture as far as the Extension
Service was concerned. Dr. Day-
ton stated that anything to do with
the production of quality fruit and
its related functions was a definite
part of the Extension job. He
also stated that he felt that the
fundamental principles and con-
cepts of marketing came within
the field of education and therefore
would come into the scope of Ex-
tension work. Dr. Dayton raised
the question to the growers pres-

(Continued on Page 22)

Issue of January. 1949— Vol. 13, No. 9

T. 1 » ci,„« Main "^t W«reham Massaehusetts. Subscription, $8.00 par y««r.

P„bU.h.d monthly •* JhSCoVHe^Print Shop M.m__ St.^Wareh^m^^^^^ Massachusetts, under the Act of March ». 187..

itcrad ai •econd-claas matter January io, i»»o, >~ ^ ^— — — ^-^^— =^==:^z=^=^=:^^=^=:^

RESH FROM THE FIELDS

Compiled by C. J. H.

lASSACHUSETTS

December Storm

December was a rather miserable
onth. On the 19th there was a
lowfall of 5.8 inches, the snow
eluding sleet, which made for
reat difficulty. Power lines were
Dwn, also telephones and many
■ees in Southeastern Massachu-
;tts. It was a week before con-
itions returned to anywhere nor-
lal.

Coldest Day

The coldest day of the year was
n December 27 when -2 was re-
Qi-ded at the State Bog at East
/areham. The rainfall for the
lonth was 2.51; the total snowfall
.6. The warmest day in December
?as the 7th, when the temperature
State Bog) was 57.

By January first all or most all
ogs which had winter flowage
rere flooded.

Car Loadings

Car loadings through Middleboro
IS of January 1 were approximate-
y 920, as against 620 for the cor-
esponding date last year.

>VISCONSIN

The annual meeting of the Wis-
!onsin Cranberry Sales Company
ivas held at the Elks Club at Wis-
;onsin Rapids on December 13th.
Miss Jean Nash, president of the
;ompany reviewed the operations
for the past year. "Del" Ham-
mond, Jr. gave a report on the
shipments in which he mentioned
;hat shipments were about evenly
divided between "wood" and cello-
phane. He reported on the keeping
quality of the crop and made sev-
eral recommendations for the com-
ing year.

The main theme of his talk was,

of course, the necessity of a good
pack next year, due to the fact that
most of the company's fresh fruit
could be in a pre-packaged form
for shipping. When cellophane
shipments are rejected, the cello-
phane and cartons are a total loss
because the bags have to be torn
open and the boxes in most cases
have to be torn open, too. It is not
the same as shipments made in
"wood." The quarter-barrel boxes
can, in most cases, be salvaged or
else used to re-ship the berries
after re-milling.

C. M. Chaney, president of ACE
in his talk to the members, dis-
cussed the low price of cranberries
this past year.

L. F. Garrett of the Garrett-
Holmes Company of Kansas City,
Missouri, gave an extremely inter-
esting talk on the problems of the
market.

Vernon Goldsworthy, who was on
the road for the Exchange for five
weeks, gave his views on the mar-
ket and told of what he had seen,
and also of what he thought could
be done to improve the market.

Delegates from the Wisconsin
Cranberry Sales Company to the
Board of Directors of the ACE
were elected as: Craige Scott,
Harold DeLong, Vernon Golds-
worthy and "Dan" Rezin.

The newly-elected Board of Di-
rectors of the Sales Company is
composed of Miss Jean Nash, New-
ell Jasperson, Tony Jonjak, Keith
Bennett, John Sullivan, William
Harkner and A. T. Yanke.

Miss Nash at this meeting on the
13th of December was re-elected
president, Newell Jasperson was
elected vice president to take Ver-

non Goldsworthy's place, and Mr.
Hammond was re-elected as secre-
tary-treasurer and re-appointed
manager.

The annual banquet of the com-
pany was held at the Golden Gate
Supper club. This began at 6.30..
Guest speaker was Claire Jackson
of the Wisconsin Council of Agri-
cultural Co-operatives. He is from
Madison. He is the assistant sec-
retary of the council. He spoke
upon co-operatives, co-operation
among members of the co-operative
and things gained by co-operation.
Richard Lawless, executive vice-
president of the Wood County
National Bank of Wisconsin Rap-
ids, also spoke. There was a floor
show, followed by modern and old-
time dancing. This concluded the
evening.

NEW JERSEY

Weather

The weather was kind to South
Jersey during November and most
of December. Temperatures at
Pemberton averaged well above the
seasonal normal in November and
during the first three weeks of
December. November temperatures
averaged 50.8°, which is 4° above
the normal daily mean, while De-
cember temperatures averaged
35.2° or almost exactly normal.
Unseasonably cold weather during
the last few days of December
were what brought the monthly
mean down to normal.

The unseasonably mild weather
of November and early December
was the cause of some apprehension
among both cranberry and blue-
berry growers lest a sudden severe
cold snap injure the fruit buds.
An 8 to 9 inch snowfall on Decem-
ber 19 and 20 solved the problem

(Continued on Page 23)

Five

The Chippewa Indians Had a

Name for Cranberries

This Was "A'ni-bimin", and the Indians Made Use of the
Cranberry as a Food and Probably Cooked with Maple
Sugar.

By CLARENCE J. HALL

(Editor's Note: This is a continuation of the Cranberry History).

I-bimin

"The cranberry, whose botanical
^name is oxycoccus macrocarpon,
was called by the Chippewa Indians
I-bimin. The fruit of this vine
was used as a food and cooked,
probably with (maple) sugar." (a)

Prof. Frank G. Speck, professor
of anthropology. University of
Pennsylvania, and editor "Amer-
ican Anthropologist", wrote to the
writer that the cranberry should be
included in his reference to "I-bi-
min" (bitter berry), in his work
"Penobscot Man", a study of the
Indian,s of Maine. He also wrote
(b):

"Cranberries crushed and mixed
with cornmeal make a poultice
which is most effective in case of
blood poisoning".

Seemingly, and of course entire-
ly logically, the Indians made use
of cranberry sauce, or ate the
berries raw. There is evidence of
this in the 18th century in the
following item:

Colonel James, who was cap-
tured by the French and Ind-
ians at Fort Dubesque in 1755,
lived with the savages in Ohio
and Michigan from that year
up to 1759. He later wrote
that the Indians had many
apples (wild crab apples)
stored up. Here, too, he saw
for the first time cranberries
which grew in swamps and
wore gathered by the Indians
when the swamps were frozen.
These berries were about as
large as rifle bullets, of a
bright red color and of agree-
able flavor, though rather too
sour of themselves, but when
mixed with sugar had a very
agreeable taste, (c)

Probably the use most popularly
ascribed to the Indians was that
of mixing the cranberries into their
pemmican.

Eastwood, in his book, wrote
(although he named no source or
local evidence) that the cranberry

5i?

was used by the Indians and they
gathered and roasted the unripe
berries and used them as poultices,
believing that when applied to the
wounds made by the poisoned ar-
rows they had the power of draw-
ing the venom forth.

When the "First Comers" ar-
rived on Cape Cod they found the
Indians a friendly, peaceable peo-
ple, divided into small tribes. The
region was not a wilderness, but
there were villages where the nat-
ives lived in dwellings which were
"made with long, young Sapling
trees, bended and both ends stucke
into the ground; they were made
round, like vnto an arbour, and
covered down to the ground with
thicke and well-wrought matts. . ."
(a). They were agriculturists.
They used hoes made of quahog
shells and the shell of the horse-
shoe crab was a shovel, (b). They
allowed " . . . . not a weed to ad-
vance his audacious head above
their infant corne, or an under-
mining worm to spile his spunes."
(c).

Indians Never Attempted
To Cultivate Cranberries

Yet industrious and intelligent
farmers as these Indians could be,
not a particle of evidence has come
to light that on the Cape or else-
where they made any attempt to
cultivate the cranberry and grow
it for their own use. The cran-
berry was just a berry and as such
was plenteously supplied by nat-
ure. The settlers owed much to
the agricultural teaching of the
Indians, but never learned from
him that the cranberry might be
cultivated.

Indian Cranberry
Lore Back to 1550

How far back in time the use of
cranberries hy Jt.he Indians has

gone is for the most obvious
reasons impossible to say. Pr<
ably it began when there first w<
Indians and there first were crs
berries. As an interesting poi
although of no particular impo
ance, perhaps, the use has be
traced back directly at least
about 1550, or about the close
the Middle Ages. This has be
done by Joseph White Norwood
his book, "The Tammany Legem
He did this through translatic
of the ancient Indian "Wah
Olan", or the "Red Score", whi
is Indian history, as recorded
"bundles of painted sticks." 0
stanza of this he translates as:

Pakimintzen followed next there
"On the shore", the (old hoi

place).
Keeping up the work of the h

King,
"Coming-as-Friend" of Nitispay
Pakimintzen", "Cranberry Eate:
Made the treaty with the Tawa
Welcome back these ancient rebe'

"Pakimintzen", or "Cranben
Eater", Mr. White has fixed as o
of a long line of Delaware sachen
He was given this title of "Cra
berry Eater" because he had t
duty of cementing anew the ties
friendship between divisions of t.
Indian nations of the East and
the Middle West. Cranberri
grew along the Eastern Seaboa;
and also in the Middle West, ai
at state feasts he partook of crai
berries until after a time era*
berries began to be associated wit
"Pakimintzen" and these sta^
faests of peace. This, perhaps tH
earliest record of any sort of tb
American cranberry, interesting!]
associates the cranberry with mis
sions of peace.

But to return from this almoa
legendary glimmer of red cram
berries and Indians in the dim fori
ests so far back to a relative!)
modern tale of Indians and craw
berries, actual Indian-cranberr*
legends have been told of the nab
ives of Cape Cod. Shortly afte
the "Ten Men of Saugust" (Lynn
Mass.) with their heavily-laden OJ
teams, their women and children-
came along the ancient Indial
trails to settle at "Shaume", noii
Sandwich, to found the first settle-
ment upon Cape Cod, there fol-
lowed in the spring of 1637 a young
Freeman, Richard Bpuj-ng, JIf

ilone, of all those early settlers,
eems to have given the slightest
bought as to where the Indians
night live after the settlers had
lisplaced them.

He obtained a grant of land
or the "South Sea" (those living
ilong Vineyard Sound", in 1660.
lere in Bourne's "Kingdome of
tiashpee", a region of heavy woods,
illed with game, and streams filled
vith fish, and bordered by the salt
vater filled with shellfish and fish
>f the sea, they found refuge,
lere cranberries grew naturally,
ind here is where the Indians ch-
ained the greatest benefit from
heir natural heritage of the Amer-
can cranberry. And here on these
ndian lands was to be built the
inest of the early larger culti-
vated bogs.

Mashpee Indians Had
Their Legends

The Indians of Mashpee had
heir legends, some about the cran-
>erry, and innumerable ones about
ilichard Bourne. In this legend,
'act, fancy, the young Apostle
3ourne, the Indians and cranber-
•ies are delightfully interwoven in
i legend which may be found in a
)ook about Cape Cod, "The Narrow
Land", (a) by Elizabeth Reynard,
rhe legend:

"At one time an angel appeared
Defore him in the forest and
;ouched his brow with a golden
iword of which he always bore the
icar. He frequently wrestled with
Lucifer and always defeated his ad-
kversary, though his arms twisted,
lis shoulders thick with the weary
strain of the fight.

"He met a Witch Doctor by a
river, and solicited Christian con-
version. The angry magician
:hanted a bog-rhyme and Richard's
feet became rooted in quicksand.
With all his strength he could not
stir. "Let us have a contest of
wits", said he. If I lose I agree
to serve you. If I win, you shall
release me and trouble me no
piore.' The Medicine Devil agreed
to this, so for fifteen days and fif-
teen nights they discoursed by the
river. The tide swam up, the tide
swam down; the sun climbed over
JJauset sea, and paused for a while
Dn the top of the sky to hearken
to their wisdom. Still Richard
Boui-ne and the Witch Devil argued

by the river. The Medicine Man
began to feel empty, like an air-
filled reed. He swayed where he
stood; but Richard Bourne was as
firm on his feet as when the con-
test began. Every now and then,
while the Witch Doctor spoke, tak-
ing his turn at showing what he
knew, a white dove flew down
from heaven and laid a round, red
berry on the lips of Richard
Bourne. Once the dove let go his
burden 'one sand-dropping' of the
hour-glass too soon. The berry
rolled to the edge of the bank and
caught in the river mud. Then the
Witch Doctor saw what the dove
was doing and tried to lay his
spells on it. But the bird flew
past, merry as a song, and came
and went, giving sustenance to the
White Sachem and none to the
Heathen Witch.

"By and by the Medicine Devil
could stand upon his legs no long-
er, so he laid him down on the
ground. The minute that he step-
ped off his feet, Richard Bourne
could walk again, and went at once
to his house to fetch a bowl of^
wild turkey soup. Before he took
one sip off the ladle, he offered the
bowl to the fainting witch, who
put his lips to the rim and drank
till all the soup was gone. Now
that bowl, made of pure silver,
shone inside as bright as a mirror,
and in the bottom of it, when the
last drop of soup was drained away,
the Medicine Devil saw reflected
all Damnation and the Judgment
of Sinners. He fell to his knees,
and the good White Sachem blessed
him and taught him how to become
a loyal Christian Brave.

"Meanwhile the berry that the
dove let fall grew and fattened by
the river. Finding it there, the
Cape men knew there was truth in
the story that the cranberry came
down from heaven in the beak of
a winging dove."*

Gay Head's Cranberry Day

This is Gay Head's "Cranberry
Day", a holiday probably without
counterpart. When it is deemed
the wild cranberries on the common
lands, still held undivided, have
ripened sufficiently for harvesting,
a Cranberry Agent, duly elected by
the voters in annual town meetings,
declares this "day" is at hand.
School is closed at Gay Head, the

usual business of farming and fish-
ing is suspended, and each family
goes to the cranberry ground to
get its winter supply of cranber-
ries, and its supply to sell, or trade
for groceries and gasoline in
neighboring towns or on the main-
land.

They come on foot, in automo-
biles, and even in ox carts, as in
the days of their fathers, men,
women and children, the old and
the young, to partake of their
share of their natural heritage.
At noon these Gay Headers of
Indian descent build little fires
among the dunes and eat their
communal lunch. When the long
shadows of evening fall, back
cross the bleak and windswept hill
of Gay Head, across land never
owned by White Men, back to their
homes they go.

"Cranberry Day" is a day when
time pauses, and the cranberry
carries for a day the customs of a
people back to the days when their
forefathers gathered at the Gay
Head cranberry grounds to pick
the fruit, to wrestle, to run races,
and to engage in other sports of
the cranberry festival, and to make
an offering of food to their patron
deitess, Squant, to compensate her
for the berries they took in the
harvest. This cranberry custom of
these people takes back to the time
before the coming of the white men
and back to Colonial times.

Across Vineyard Sound from
Mashpee, to Gay Head on the Is-
land of Marthas Vineyard stretch
the tenuous chain of ancient as-
sociation of the Indian and the
cranberry into the present day.
The Gay Head people, almost ex-
clusively of Indian descent, carry on
the Indian traditions of their fore-
fathers. Since the earliest record
of the White Man, and according
to the traditions of the Indians
themselves, the Red Men have here
picked the wild cranberry.

The berries grow among the
hollows of the wildly-tossed sand
dunes, not far from where the Is-
land of Marthas Vineyard termi-
nates in the magnificent Gay Head
cliffs of colored clay, one of the
most notable headlands in Amer-
ica. They grow today near the
ocean and along the shores of Me-
nemsha Pond, small and larger

Seven

patches of vines on the white
sands. The snows and rains of
winter flood these patches, protect-
ing the vines, the high winds blow
the sand over them. Unattended,
they remain a gift of Nature to
her native children. Never divided,
these cranberry lands are common
lands; every inhabitant of Gay
Head, every person born within its
boundaries, his heirs, all have eq-
ual right in these natural cran-
berry lands. Every fall the scarce-
ly one hundred inhabitants of Gay
Head leave their fishing, their lob-
stering, their making of pottery,
and their farming, and pick cran-
berries, all on a certain day.

Did the Pilgrims Eat Cranberries?

Are the Pilgrims themselves
actually known to have made use
of cranberries? Long standing is
the tradition of Pilgrims, cran-
berries and Thanksgiving. Most
unfortunately there seems to be no
satisfactory direct evidence of this.
Authorities upon Pilgrim affairs
know of not a single written docu-
ment that the Pilgrims ever
picked a cranberry. That they did
not do so, however, seems beyond
belief. That the Pilgrim women
and children went to the swamps
of Plymouth and gathered the food
is but the most logical of reason-
ing. With food often so scarce
they would not have passed the
cranberry by. They had little time
for frills, but food waiting to be
gathered was not a frill. The fact
of cranberries being served at the
first Thanksgiving may be more
problematical.

Not even a matter of record is
it that they served turkey at that
feast, although it is likely they did,
since they went "fowling" in
preparation. But turkey is not on
the menu, as there is no known
menu of that affair.

It does not take too much cre-
dulity, as a matter of fact, to be-
lieve that there is one direct ref-
erence to the fact that the Pilgrims
at least saw cranberries, even
though they did not know what
they saw.

Another account tells of the ex-
ploration of the twenty men
"armed cap-a-pic, with old-English
matchlocks shouldered, heavy
broad-swords dangling", who on
the morning after leaving Prov-

Eight

incetown were at East Harbor and
around the Head of the Meadow
passing "through boughs and bush-
es which tore our very arms to
pices" and . . . Further on they
discovered where the Indians had
lately gathered corn; here were
heavy walnut (hickory) trees full
of nuts, and strawberries and
vines. Of this Shebner Rich, in
Truro, observed: "These straw-
berries and vines in December have
puzzled the reader. Strawberries
were then not much known in Eng-
land, and it is altogether probable
that cranberries were meant, which
?row spontaneously on the Cape."

The First Thanksgiving

The entire documentary story, in
fact, of this event which has come
to be called the "First Thanksgiv-
ing", is told in a single brief let-
ter, a letter believed to have been
written by Governor Winslow to a
friend in England. All that oc-
curred which is not contained in
this account is based purely upon
tradition or imagination. The let-
ter:

"A letter sent from New Eng-
land to a friend in these parts
. . . 'Our hai-vest being gotten
in, our Governor sent foure
men on fowling, that we might
after a nioi-e special manner
rejoyce together, after we had
gathered the fruit of our lab-
ours; they foure in one day
killed as much foule as with a
little help beside, served the
Company almost a weeks, at
which time amongst other Rec-
reations, we exercised our
Arms, many of the Indians
amongst us, and amongst the
rest their greatest King Mas-
sosoyt, with ninetie men,
whom for three days we enter-
tained and feasted, and they
went out and killed three
Bears, which they brought to
the Plantation and bestowed
on our Governour, and upon
the Captains, and others. And
although it be not always so
plentiful!, as it was at this
time with vs, yet by the good-
ness of God, we are so farre
from want that we often wish
you partakers of our plentie.

"Mourt's Relation", Boston. 1866 Edition,
pace 133.

A Pleasant Supposition

Since that is the sole evidence
concerning the origin of Thanks-
giving in America the matter of
cranberries being consumed during
that time of feasting must rest up-
on one's own interpretation. They

may not have thought to inclu(
cranberries, or they may hav
At least there seems no harm
believing in the pleasant traditic
that they did.

Concerning the use of cranbe
ries at any time, some indirect ev
dence may be gathered in its su;
port. Josselyn stated that "En;
lish use them much", and thi
placed their use within the tin
of the older Pilgrims. A strong!
and more localized bit of evidem
may be in an account of the fir
supper of the Old Colony Club ■
Plymouth, although it did not tal
place until January 16, 1769, lor
after the last Pilgrim had passi
on. At this supper was one ma
Ebenezer Cobb (1694-1801) wl
had known one of the Pilgrim
Peregrine White, (1620-1704) a
though only as a small boy, so th
fact would in all likelihood be
no importnce. But at this repa
all were dressed in the plaine
manner, as did the Pilgrims (i
appearance of luxury and extra
agance being avoided in imitatic
of our ancestors whose memory v
shall ever respect", and the mer
was consciously antiquarian ai
considered to consist of the san
food as used by the Pilgrims. Th
menu (*) shows that at this da
cranberries were believed to be pa
of the Pilgrim fare. They are:

A large baked Indian whor-
tleberry (huckleberry) pud-
ding, a dish of sauquetach
(succotash), a dish of clams, a
dish of oysters and a dish of
codfish, a haunch of venison
roasted by the first jack
brought to the Colony), a dish
of sea fowls, a dish of frost
fish and eels, pie, and a course
of cranberry tarts.

Even though it cannot be prove
that the Pilgrims made use o
cranberries at the first Thanks
giving feast, their descendant
atoned for this at the first anni
versary dinner of the Landing o
the Pilgrims. This was at a din
ner of the Old Colony Club, founder
at Plymouth, January 16, 1769. A
a dinner held the following De
cember at the home of Thoma
Southworth Howland the bill o
fare was (8):

"A large baked Indian whor-
tleberry pudding, a dish of
sauquetach (succotash), a dish
(Continued on Page 12)

ISSUE OF JANUARY, 1949
Vol. 13 No. 9

i new year has begun. What it will pro-

duce is anyone's guess. We can only
ope 1949 will be a less troublesome year
tian 1948.

We may hope for more peace through-
ut the world.

We may hope for more harmony within

le cranberry industry. We may hope for

continued large crop and a market which

nil absorb it at a reasonable price, a price

atisfactory to the grower and consumer.

This is after New Year, but CRANBER-
;IES may still wish all its readers and
riends a better and more prosperous 1949.

HELPING A GUY OUT

pHE storm in the cranberry area of Massa-
chusetts on the 19th of December makes
s conscious of how dependent we have
ecome upon the conveniences of modern
ving. This is rather a personal note, but
^e think it makes the point we are driving
t. When the electric power went off,
irough no fault of the local electric com-
any, our furnace went off, our lights went
ff, our electric ice box stopped, so did our
lectric clock. Our automobile couldn't be
riven because of the snow and the fact
'e had no chains available early in the
lorning.

But telephone men were at work re-
airing the damage as rapidly as possible,
s were the power line men, and a local
arage came to our rescue. The result was
nat we got into circulation without too
luch difficulty, thanks to the humanity
nd good will of neighbors, and employes
f various companies to do their best to
elp a guy out of difficulties.

THE VALUE OF HOBBIES

JAPPY is the man who has a hobby.
Ours is photography. In that we can
tidulge any time of the day or night, with
ashlights, floodlights and spotlights. A
obby which can be combined with busi-
ess, such as ours, we believe is especially
ortunate.

PHIS month we call particular attention

to the article by Dr. Neil E. Stevens, and

0 our review of his "Factors in Botanical

O to^"'"**"*'*««$'^

A NEW YEAR HAS BEGUN

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAU. MASSACHUSSTTS

Subscription 13.00 per year
Advertisins rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS
Wisconsin

C. D. HAMMOND, Jr.
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington-Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY
Cranberry Specialist
Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK
Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station

East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station

Pemberton, New Jersey

Publication and Other Essays". This is not
because we are particularly proud of the
review, but "Neil" has contributed much
to the cranberry industry over a period of
many years.

I (We) are Americans. We are free to
travel as we please in this country of ours.
We are free to think as we please, to vote
as we please, and to do as we think best, if
it is within the law, in this year of our Lord
1949.

Nine

This photo shows two children, with a Santa Claus at the "Edaville" R. R. Stat:on, South Carver, Mass., during the holiday program.
This started on December 12th and continued to January 2nd. During this period there were 48,069 passengers carried on the R. R.. There
were clocked 28,650 automobiles as visiting "EdaviHe", and the biggest day was that of New Year when 6.331 rode on the train.

This photo shows a girl with cranberry-red lipstick.

(Photo courtesy NCA)

Cranberry History

(Continued from Pace S)

of clams, a dish of oysters and
a dish of codfish, a haunch of
venison (roasted by the first
jack brought to the Colony),
a dish of sea fowls, a dish of
frost fish and eels, an apple
pie, and a course of cranberry
tarts."

(8) — "History of the Town of Plymouth",
W. T. Davis, former president of the Old
Colony Society and Plymouth Historian.

Use by Indians Proven

As concerns the use of cranber-
ries by the Indians, there has been
presented already the proof of
Josselyn's account and that of the
apostle, John Eliot. There is ad-
ditional if not copious evidence as
to this. There are at least two
reasons why there is not an even
greater abundance of writings
certifying to the use of cranberries
by the first Americans. They
would seemingly have been almost
bound to be consistent users of this
fruit of their native land.

One of these reasons is the con-
fusing habit of the Indians them-
selves in referring to similar items
with a single descriptive name, and
another was the great indifference
of many of the early writers
among the white explorers and set-
tlers regarding the Indians in gen-
eral.

On the part of the early explor-
ers or other writers when they
wrote the Indians used "berries",
in many cases they meant to in-
clude cranberries, although not
specifically saying so. As a peo-
ple, living in a food-gathering
economy, the Indians made use of
all food sources found in the area
in which they lived. This reason-
ing alone would prove the use of
cranberries by the Indians. "Ev-
erybody" has always "known" the
Indians used cranberries, and in
this instance this common assump-
tion is correct.

The Indians had their name for
the cranberry, in fact more than
one designation.

Early documentation for the use
of cranberries by the Indians and
that they had a name for cran-
berries comes from such an irre-
futable source as Roger Williams,
that pioneer of religious liberty,
who, forced to flee the Massachu-
setts Colony, lived among the nat-
ives, learned their language, and
founded Rhode Island.

Sasemineash

The Narragansett Indians had a
word for cranberry and Williams
interprets it:

Sasemineash — Another Sharp,
Cooling fruit, growing in fresh
water in the Winter; Excellent
to conserve against Feavors,
of which there are divers kinds.
Sweet, like currants. Some Op-
ening, some of a binding na-
ture. . . .

Thus Roger Williams in his
famous "Key", by 1643 had shown
the use of cranberries by the nat-
ives and that they had regard for
the medicinal qualities of the fruit.

"Saseminesh" seemingly was not
merely the designation of the Nar-
ragansetts. An Indian place name,
"Massassomineak", which is obvi-
ously based upon the same Indian
word was the ancient Indian des-
ignation for "a place somewhere
in the vicinage of Herring Pond,
near Plymouth, Massachusetts.
This word has been literally inter-
preted as meaning "Much Cran-
berries".

Lincoln Newton Kinnecut, how-
ever, has given an even more spe-
cific interpretation, writing:

"I believe, however, as the
word is now spelled, a literal
translation would be 'the place
of the large cranberry', or
'where large cranberries are'.
'Sassa', 'great', 'sasemenine',
cranberry, and 'auk', place.
(Sasemenineach, Roger Wil-
liams). The plural of many
kinds of berries was formed by
adding 'ash' to the singular."

(•) — "Key into the Language of Amer-
ica. An Help to the Language of the
Natives of New England." Narragansett
Papers. Series I. Vol. III. 1643.

(a) — 44th Annual Report of the Bureau

of American Ethnology, pages 297, 307,

291.

(b) — 43rd Annual Report of the Bureau

of American Ethnology.

(c) — "Edible Wild Plants", Oliver Perry

Medager. New York. 1939.. pps. 75, 76.

(a) — "Journal of the Pilgrims of Ply-
mouth", Cheever Reprint, pps. 39-40.
WHAT ABOUT (b) ?

(c) — "New England Prospect", William
Wood.

(•) — "The Narrow Land", by Elizabeth
Reynard. Houghton Mifflin Co.. 1934.
(♦) — "The Narrow Land". Elizabeth
Reynard. 1934. Houghton Mifflin Co.
(•) — "History of the Town of Plymouth",
W. T. Davis, former president of the Old
Colony Society.

Effect of Last Winter's Flooding-

In New Jersey on the 1948 Crop

(Editor's Note: The following is from the Proceedings of the 79th Annual
Convention of the American Cranberry Growers Association, New Jersey, held at
Pemberton, August 26, 1948).

By H. F. BERGMAN

Your program committee has
placed me in a difficult position by
assigning to me the subject an-
nounced. After spending four days
in visiting bogs (2) I find that the
evidence to show the beneficial ef-
fects of having withdrawn the
water from under the ice on win-
ter-flooded bogs is not so clear-cout
and outstanding as I had hoped it
might be. Among the reasons for
this are: (1) The lack of knowledge
of the oxygen content of the water
throughout the winter flooding
period; (2) differences in the abil-
ity of vines to withstand oxygen
deficiency; (3) the difficulty of
finding conditions on bogs that
were flooded all winter comparable
to those on bogs from which the
water was drawn out from under
the ice; and (4) the operation of
soil or weather factors, or a com-
bination of them, which adversely
affected crop production.

With respect to the oxygen con-
tent of the water, the best inform-
ation would have been actual de-
terminations of the oxygen con-
tent at frequent, regular intervals
during the winter flooding period.
However, only a few such deter-
minations were made last winter.
Such determinations should be
made daily in very cloudy weather
and, particularly, after a snowfall.
During clear or only partly cloudy
weather, determinations would not
need to be made oftener than every
two or three days. In the absenc*
of actual determination of the oxy-
gen content of the water, specific
information as to the date of win-
ter flooding, depth of flood, thick-
ness of ice, sunshine or cloudiness
during times when bogs were not
covered with snow, depth and dura-
tion of snow cover, and date of
withdrawing water from under the
ice, particularly with reference to

Twelve

the depth and duration of the snow
cover prior to the withdrawal of
the water, would have been helpful
in determining whether or not con-
ditions existed at any time which
might have brought about an oxy-
gen deficiency; but information on
most of these f)oints was not
available.

Differences in the ability of vines
to withstand oxygen deficiency
seem to depend on the condition or
vigor of the vines. Vines that are
weakened in any way appear to be
more subject to injury from lack
of oxygen than are healthy, vigor-
ous vines. Among things which
affect the condition of the vines
are: injury by insects, lack of
drainage, weather conditions, and
apparently also, the size of the
preceding crop. These things af-
fect the vigor of the vines through
their effect on the formation and
accumulation o f carbohydrates
(starch and sugars) which are used
by the cranberry vines as a source
of energy for growth and for other
physiological activities. This en-
ergy is released in the process of
respiration. Starch and sugars
stored in the vines are very im-
portant in maintaining the normal
physiological activities of the vines
during the winter flooding period.
During that time, if the oxygen
content of the water drops to such
a low level that the vines are un-
able to obtain the oxygen needed
for respiration from that dissolved
in the water, they probably are
able to obtain it by breaking down
the molecules of sugar and using
part of the oxygen of the sugar
molecule. In this way they are
able to survive short periods of
oxygen deficiency with little or no
injury. Thus an ample supply of
stored carbohydrates serves to pro-
tect the vines from injury, at least
during short periods of oxygen de-
ficiency. Therefore, any condition
that operates to reduce the forma-
tion and accumulation of carbo-
hydrates in the vines makes them
more liable to be injured by a lack
of oxygen in the water during the
winter flooding period.

Difference in the conditions on
different bogs and difference in
the flooding of bogs during the
winter make it very difficult to
find bogs nearly enough alike with
respect to bottom, density of vine
growth, and vigor of the vines to
compare the effect on the 1948
crop of drawing the water from

under the ice with that of keeping
a bog flooded all winter. Only a
few of the bogs seen were flooded
all winter. Most of these showed
clearly the effect of the prolonged
flooding in the reduction in the
crop. However, a few bogs that
had been flooded all winter failed
to show any outstanding dift'erence
in the size of the crop as compared
with that on others from which the
water had been drawn out from
under the ice. In these instances,
the bogs that had been flooded all
winter were flooded during the
summer of 1947 and so had no
crop, whereas the bogs from which
the water was drawn out from
under the ice had produced a crop
last year. This difference in crop-
ping makes it impossible to com-
pare the effects of the difference
in the winter flooding practice on
this year's crop. All growers are
of the opinion that bogs that do
not bear a crop one year produce a
bigger crop the following year,
regardless of winter flooding con-
ditions, or other adverse factors,
than do those that produce a crop
every year. A probable explan-
ation of this seems to be that vines
that have not produced a crop have
a greater reserve of stored carbo-
hydrates, and thus have greater
vitality and are better able to
withstand oxygen deficiency during
the winter flooding period than are
those that produce a crop every
year.

Many of the New Jersey bogs
are badly out of grade. Ordinar-
ily, on any such bog, if it is flooded
all winter, the crop is decidedly
better on the very shallowly flood-
ed parts near shore than it is on
the deeply flooded parts. This has
not been found to be true this year
on many of the bogs. In a few
instances, the crop on the deeply
flooded parts was better than on
the shallowly flooded. Similarly,
on bogs from which the water was
drawn out from under the ice, the
crop would be expected to be more
nearly uniform on all parts of the
bog if drawing the water from
under the ice had reduced the
amount of injury from oxygen de-
ficiency. This also was not true
in many instances.

These apparent exceptions may
be due to one or more of several
undetermined causes. Vines on
high parts of bogs near shore are
nearly always on a bottom of pure
sand, which during dry periods

does not have an adequate water
supply and is always lacking in
nitrogen as well as in mineral
nutrients. For these reasons,
vines in such locations may not
produce so many flower buds as do
those in more favorable locations.
The lack of water and nutrients,
also may make it impossible for
the buds formed to go on through
the blossoming stage to the pro-
duction of mature fruit. It is
possible, also, that flower buds on
vines on high parts of bogs which
because of difference in grade can-
not be covered by the winter flood
are killed by drying out during the
winter, or that they may be killed
by early spring frosts because not
protected by frost flows.

Another reason for the lack of
difference in the crop on higher
ground near shore as compared
with that on deeply flooded parts,
on some bogs, is that the winter
flooding water may not have been
drawn off early enough to prevent
some oxygen deficiency injury.
Observations indicate that most of
the injury, in so far as it affects
the survival of flower buds and the
setting of fruit, occurs very soon,
probably within one or two days,
after the oxygen content is reduced
to a certain danger level. There
is some uncertainty as to the oxy-
gen content at which injury be-
gins, but this is now placed at 4.0
cc. per liter. Numerous observa-
tions seem to indicate that if the
oxygen content does not fall below
this level no serious injury will
occur. However, if the oxygen
content falls below this level and
remains there for one to three
days, the injury may be quite se-
vere. Longer periods of low oxy-
gen content cause more severe in-
jury; but the severity of injury is
not proportional to the length of
time that the vines remain in
water containing less than 4.0 cc.
of oxygen per liter. A reason for
this may be that the initial injury
permanently retards the rate of
respiration so that a greater de-
ficiency of oxygen and one of long-
er duration is necessary to cause
further injury. Since much of the
injury from oxygen deficiency
probably occurs within one to three
days after the oxygen content
reaches the danger level, it is very
important that the water be with-
drawn promptly as soon as the
oxygen content reaches or ap-
proaches the danger level. This is

Thirteen

particularly true after a snowfall;
the water should be drawn off
within 24 hours after the snow
falls.

Evidence of oxygen deficiency
injury has been found on nearly
all New Jersey bogs that I have
seen. The injury, usually, was
greatest on bogs that were flooded
all winter and was greater on bogs
from which the water was not
drawn off until the middle or latter
part of January than on bogs
where the water was drawn off
earlier, but only a few bogs ap-
peared to be relatively free from
it. Most of the injury observed
had caused the death of ' flower
buds at early stages of develop-
ment or had caused the flowers to
fail to set fruit. These are the

•m:

first stages of injury and indicate
injury of a less severe degree, yet
they may cause quite as great a
reduction in the size of the crop
as would some more severe injury.
The effect of the death of flower
buds at an early stage and of the
failure of flowers to set fruit is
apparent in the average number
of blossoms and the average num-
ber of mature berries produced per
flowering upright. A large per-
centage of the flowering uprights
on many New Jersey bogs had only
one to three blossoms each and
most of the uprights had not more
than one berry each. A consider-
able percentage of the flowering-
uprights failed to set berries, only
the "blasted" blossoms remaining
to show that the uprights had
blossomed. Counts have shown
that in Massachusetts the average
number of flower buds formed per
flowering upright is 5.0, and that
this average number is formed reg-
ularly each year by a large major-
ity of the uprights. Counts show
also that the number of berries
per flowering upright in Massa-
chusetts may average 2.0. The
corresponding averages in New
Jersey, presumably, are about the
same as in Massachusetts. The
average number of blossoms and of
mature berries per flowering up-
right on most New Jersey bogs
this year, however, are well below
the figures given. This appears to
be the result of injury from oxy-
gen deficiency during the winter
flooding period, since the greater
reduction in the average number
of flowers and of berries per up-
right was found on bogs where the
injury was more severe. The fact

that oxygen deficiency injury was
found on many bogs from which
the water was drawn out from
under the ice indicates that the
water on these bogs was not di-awn
off soon enough. If injury from
oxygen deficiency is to be greatly
reduced or prevented, the oxygen
content of the water must be
known and followed closely, and
the water must be drawn off before
the oxygen content reaches the
danger level. By so doing, more
of the buds formed will reach the
blossom stage and more of the
flowers will develop into mature
berries, thereby increasing the pro-
duction.

The hasty survey of New Jersey
bogs, allowed by the brief time at
my disposal, has brought out con-
siderable evidence to show that
'drawing the water from under the
ice last winter was beneficial. On
many bogs, however, various fac-
tors other than oxygen deficiency
in the winter fiooding water oper-
ated to reduce or eliminate the
crop on some parts of the ;ri)Ogs,
thus making less evident any bene-
ficial effects of this procedure.
Notwithstanding this, it seems
quite certain that the crop on many
New Jersey bogs has been larger
' this year, as a result of drawing
the water out from under the ice,
than it would have been if the bogs
had been flooded all winter. The
crop on some bogs pi-obably would
have been larger if the water had
been drawn off earlier. It seems
. very probable that much better
results could be obtained if more
care were taken to draw the water
off at the proper time. In spite
of the many difficulties in assess-
ing the value of this procedure,
drawing the water out from under
the ice when the oxygen content
fails to near 4.0 cc. per liter ap-
pears to be a good practice and the
proper one to follow whenever con-
ditions make it necessary.

Isaac Harrison: We took oxy-
gen samples consistently, but saw
no fluctuations upward. They ran
about 7 to 8 cc. per liter consist-
ently, but when the oxygen con-
tent started down it went down
very rapidly. The water got stale
under the ice. What makes the
water get so foul smelling?

Dr. Bergman: I don't see why
you didn't have fluctuations. The
oxygen content should vary with
the light intensity during the day.
When the oxygen content gets low,

sulphur-containing compounds pro-
duce hydrogen sulfide. That may
account for the foul odor.

Isaac Harrison: It was often
several days between 'samples, so
we probably missed the fluctu-
ations.

R. B. Wilcox: Mr. Harrison did
not take observations until the
bogs were heavily snow and ice
covered, so he probably wouldn't
have diurnal fluctuations.

Dr. Bergman: I have sometimes
noticed that the oxygen content
does hold up even in the absence
of light, possibly from water com-
ing up from the soil.

H. B. Scammell: When the
vines are completely frozen in
ice as in Wisconsin, do they get
oxygen from the ice or are they
absolutely dormant and don't need
oxygen?

Dr. Bergman: I have always
assumed that they are dormant.
Since the temperature of ice var-
ies from 32''F. downwards, the
respiration rate of the vines will
vary with the temperatiire of the
ice. In Wisconsin, the' ice is sel-
dom as warm as 32°F., so the vines
are usually dormant. In Massachu-
setts there has been some indica-
tion of oxygen deficiency injui-y
where vines are frozen in ice at
32 °F. Theoretically ice at 32 °F.
contains the same amount of oxy-
gen as does water at 32 °F. Pos-
sibly the rate of diffusion through
ice at 32°F. isessentially the same
as through water at 32°F.

John Grey: Is a bog with a fast
flowing stream better off than a
bog with a slow flowing stream ?

Dr. Bergman: That is generally
true, though at some distance from
the stream the effect may not be
felt even where there is a fast
flowing stream.

Pres. Crabbe: There is always
a pile of cranberry research to be
undertaken. Last fall I appointed
a committee of nine, headed by
Joe Darlington, to look into the
most urgently needed cranberry
research. Since Joe is no longer
with us, I have asked Bill Haines
to report to you on the progress
this committee has made.

(DSenior PatholoKist. Bureau of Plant
Industry, Soils, and Agricultural Engi-
neering. Agricultural Research Adminis-
tration. U. S. Department of Agriculture.
East Wareham, Mass.

(2) Indebtedness to Mr. Edward Crabbe
and to Mr. D. M. Crabbe for providing a
car for use in visiting bog.s. and to Mr.
R. B. Wilcox for much helpful information
about specific bogs is gratefully acknow-
ledged.

P

Hydraulic Institute

Publishes New

(Editor's Note: The following is a
review of a new publication, written by
the publishers. This publication could
well be of interest to many growers,
with the increasing use of sprinkler irri-
gation.)

HYDRAULIC INSTITUTE an-
nounces the publication of a com-
prehensive Tentative Standard on
Pipe Friction. The very latest data
have been used to prepare tables
and charts arranged in a conven-
ient and usable form. This mater-
ial will be of unusual interest to
everyone concerned with the flow
of fluids in pipes, as it is the re-
sult of one of the most progressive
programs undertaken in years.

Everyone concerned with the
flow of fluids in pipes is undoubt-
edly familiar with the work of
Williams and Hazen, published
over forty years ago. The next
significant step in the study of this
subject was taken by Prof. Lewis
F. Moody, who coi-related all the
important data on pipe friction fol-
lowing the publication of the work
cf Williams and Hazen. The work
of Prof. Moody, Professor of Hy-
draulic Engineering at Princeton
University, was published by the
American Society of Mechanical
Engineers in 1944 in a paper en-
titled "Friction Factors for Pipe
Flow", No. 44-SA-4.

HYDRAULIC INSTITUTE in
1946, felt that further work was
required to present this data so as
to permit widespread usage. With
the cooperation of Prof. Clifford
P. Kittredge, also of Princeton
University, who investigated the
subject, and with the help of its
members, Hydraulic Institute pre-
pared convenient and usable tables
based on Prof. Moody's paper.
Prof. Kittredge has been associ-
ated with pipe friction problems
during his entire careerr and was
imminently qualified for this pro-
gram, especially through his work
in editing J. R. Freeman's book on
"The Flow of Water in Pipes and
Pipe Fittings."

The friction loss for water is
shown in the new Hydraulic Insti-
tute tables in tabular form for
pipe sizes from %" to 84". On
the smaller pipe sizes, the tables
are based on wrought iron or steel

schedule 40 pipe, and for the larger
sizes, separate tables are given
for each standai-d size for steel and
asphalt dipped cast iron pipe. In
each table, the flow in GPM and
CFS are shown with the corres-
ponding velocity, velocity head, and
friction loss per 100 feet of pipe.
The data is carried to three sig-
nification figures and is listed in
small increments to avoid the ne-
cessity for interpolation.

For computing the friction loss
for liquids other than water, a ser-
ies of charts are provided for pipes
ranging from %" to 12", showing
the complete range of viscous and
turbulent flow.

In addition to the friction tables,
there is a very complete listing of
the losses in valves and fittings.
Sectional diagrams of these items
are shown to indicate their inter-
nal construction. Since there is a
lack of uniformity, a range of loss
coefficient is given. The data for
bends, increasers and diffusers are
shown in chart form so as to in-
clude the full range of the variable
dimensions. This data was assem-
bled from a number of sources and
represents the latest and most
complete compilation.

The Tentative Standard on Pipe
Friction contains a brief review of
the basis of the tables, and a very
complete description of their use.
Several illustrative examples are
worked out in detail for simple and
complex piping arrangements. To
supplement the use of the friction
tables and charts, the pamphlet
contains tables on the viscosity and
specific gravity of a wide range of
commercial liquids and gases, as
well as complete tables of dimen-
sions of standard steel, wrought
iron and cast iron pipes. This in-
formation, together with supple-
mentary data on the properties of
fluids and charts showing the full
range of the friction factor, per-
mit the computation of the loss for
any liquid or gas in any of the
commercial forms of circular pipe.

While the basis of the new tables
is widely recognized, the form in
which they are presented in this
publication is unique. It has,
therefore, been issued as a Ten-
tative Standard to provide a suit-
able experience period.

A complete bibliography gives
the source of the material used in
the preparation of this Tentative
Standard.

Cape Clubs Open
Winter Meetings

The first meetings of Cranberry
Clubs of Cape Cod were held at
Bruce Hall, Cotuit, January 10,
which was the meeting of the Up-
per Cape Club, with an attendance
of 40; the second meeting was at
the Harwich Chapel on January
11, with an attendance of below
normal. This perhaps reflects a
somewhat lack of interest in cran-
berry growing due to the prevailing
low prices and poor market situa-
tion.

At each meeting Bertram E.
Tomlinson, Barnstable County Ag-
ent, reviewed briefly his county
cranberry program. This program
was developed through a discussion
of cranberry problems with the
County Agent Advisory Committee
and the recommendations are being-
followed in; planning educational
programs.

Professor Fred E. Cole, Exten-
sion Specialist in marketing fruits
and vegetables, gave a splendid
discussion on this subject. Among
the important things he emphasized
were the following: the grower
must not believe that his respon-
sibility has stopped when he has
disposed of his crop to the fruit
buyer. The grower must be inter-
ested in what happens to the crop
from the farm to the consumer,
and he should never forget that
Mrs. Consumer, the one that actu-
ally buys his produce, is the one
that must be satisfied or else there
will be no repeat purchases. Mrs.
Consumer is a very critical person
when it comes to judging her var-
ious purchases at the grocery
stores, and the things she buys
must meet the "kitchen table
test." This means that when she
is prepai'ing the material for the
table, if she has to throw a great
deal of it away due to poor qual-
ity, she is convinced that she has
made a poor purchase and when
she goes to the store again she
steers clear of that particular
article.

Fifteen

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Professor Cole also emphasized
that the need of getting buyer ac-
ceptance is through offering pro-
duce of good quality at all times.
A sale is not completed until one
gets the next order. In comment-
ing upon cranberries, he also
pointed out that growers must re-
member that cranberries compete
not only with other cranberries
but with all other fruits on sale.

There are only three ways of
meeting competition: first through
offering better quality; second,
through superior services; and
third, through lower prices. Ad-
vertising is effective only if all
three factors are in line.

In regard to competitive pricing,
Professor Cole raised the question
as to when is a price right. This
question was answered by citing to
the Boston market when aspar-
agus receipts exceed the normal
supply for a few days, due to
weather conditions, or whether
they arrive at a time in the mid-

CRANBERRY MARSH

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Plenty of water — 240 acres of
land. Caterpillar dozer, etc.
Two homes, one modern. Rea-
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$20,000.00. Roussopoulos Bros.,
Millston, Wis.

week when normal marketing is
light. In such cases, the right
price is one that will move the
crop in the desired time, and the
price received actually has nothing
to do with the cost of production.

In commenting on quality he
emphasized the fact that respon-
sibility rests on the producer and
he ought not to avoid this respon-
sibility if he wants to stay in
business.

Throughout his talk when these
various points were made, Profes-
sor Cole drew on his own personal
experiences in observing market
conditions, and in observing the
way the housewife makes her pur-
chases. The whole job of market-
ing is just as complex as the job
of production, and while the far-
mers may join cooperatives for the
purpose of having someone else do
their marketing for them, never-
theless as growers they are still
responsible as to how that job is
done and therefore must always
maintain an active interest in that
field of operation.

The schedule for the next meet-
ings of the Upper Cape Club will
be at Cotuit, February 7th, March
11. The Lower Cape Club is
scheduled for February 6, March
8 and April 12. The February 8th
meeting is to be held at Grange
Hall, Dennis.

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Disease Forecasting
As Common Sense

By NEIL E. STEVENS

Bulletin 450 by H. J. Franklin
and C. E. Cross of the Mass. Agr.
Exp. Station, just issued, fur-
nishes the background for an im-
portant long-time experiment in
disease forecasting. As this is a
phase of plant disease control in
which I am much interested, some
c-omments may be forgiven. They
may possibly even be useful.

The object of disease forecasting
is well known. It is to reduce,
njaterially, the cost of disease con-
trol without greatly increasing the
chance of serious losses from di-
sease. There are, in the United
States, a considerable number of
sporadic diseases on cultivated
crops. In some years a sporadic
disease causes losses so severe
that control measures pay for
themselves many times over. In
other years, however, spraying is
a waste of time and materials, as
well as a source of possible injury.
It seems no more than common
sense to try to develop methods of
telling in advance whether such
spraying will pay. The Plant Di-
sease Survey of the U. S. Depart-
ment of Agriculture has recently
initiated a rather extensive pro-
ject covering this type of work on
several diseases.

Cape Cod

The cranberry industry on Cape

For Sale

10 acres, all valuable land,
including 5 acres in well produc-
ing cranberries, 2 pumps with
plenty of water at all times.
One electric spraying plant,
warehouse and equipment, 140
feet long chickenhouse, barn, 6
room house, city water and elec-
tricity. 20,000.00 Cash.

One Chrysler 500 gallons p. m.
high pressure for sprinkling
with outlet fixed for standard
pipe. Thread and suction hose
all in first class condition.
$550.00.

Also one high pressure spray-
er without engine, $100.00

E. W. ANDERSON

R. 1 Box 694 Warrenton, Ore.

Seventeen

Cod seems particularly favorable
for such an attempt. In the opin-
ion of most of those familiar with
conditions, general spraying for
the control of fruit rot is not nec-
essary or profitable every year.
There are certain bogs vs^here
spraying is necessary every year.
These areas are mostly well known
to growers and managers. Also,
the committee of the New England
which Mr. Trufant is chairman,
has recently published a useful
rule for picking out such bogs.
Dr. Franklin's experiment in fore-
casting attempts to go further and
to meet the general situation.

There are now on record con-
temporary estimates of the keep-
ing quality of the cranberry crop
in this area from 1912 to 1947. Of
these 36 crops, 5 were rated very
.poor, 4 as poor, 5 as fair and 22
either good or very good. Poor
keeping quality is largely a mat-
ter of abundance of decay-produc-
ing fungi. Thus an estimate of
keeping quality is an estimate of
disease incidence. In my opinion,
then, the record shows that gen-
eral spraying for the control of
fruit rots would have paid excep-
tionally well in 5 years, well in 4
years, been of doubtful value in 5,

^

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and would probably have done mor
harm than good in 22. No bust
nessman should be advised to spraj
four years for reasonable assur
ance of return in only one. If hi
is so advised, he will probably no
follow that advice.

It is well known that everyon*
is a good quarterback on Monday]
morning. So I should like to re-'
view the potential usefulness or
Dr. Franklin's experiment in terms
of what might have been accom-
plished if the experiment had been
begun a quarter of a century ago.
By the early spring of 1923 there
was evidence in hand to indicate
that an abnormally warm spring
in this area would usually be fol- 1
lowed by poor keeping quality in I
the cranberry crop. This hypoth- j
esis has been abundantly con- 1
firmed in the past 25 years. Be- 1
ginning with 1923, there have
been 3 crops rated as very poor, 2 i
as poor, 4 as fair and 16 as good, i
In other words, adequate spraying ]
would have paid very well in 5
years, might have paid for itself
in 4, and would have been worse
than useless in 16.

Forecasts

How would forecasts based on
the single factor then recognized
as important have worked out?
That would depend, of course, on
the caution used by the forecaster.
If he had leaned toward the thrifty
side and recommended spraying
only after the warmest seasons —
0 in column 5 of Dr. Franklin's

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1707

Eighteen

table No. 1, the growers who fol-
lowed his advice would have
sprayed in 1931, 1933 and 1942,
all years of very heavy disease
losses. They would also have
sprayed in 1929, a year of severe
losses, and in 1946 when spray for
fruit rots would not have been
needed. They would have missed
spraying in 1930 when it would
have been useful. The other 19
years they would have saved
their spray money and with only
a single exception been glad they
did so. The record would thus
stand, 5 recommendations to spray,
all but one of which were fully
justified, 20 recommendations
against spraying, here again with
only one miss.

The experiment in forecasting
the keeping quality of the cran-
berry crop of Plymouth County
which was started in 1923 seemed
venturesome at the time. Actually,
as the results proved it was almost
too easy. Certainly, it was much
easier than that now being under-
taken by Dr. Franklin. Those ear-
lier forecasts were intended merely
to be of use in handling the crop
and were made in September. By
that time much more information
regarding weather during the
growing season was available than

there is on June 15 when the fore-
casts to be used in planning spray
programs will be made.

In this discussion of what seems
to me the possibilities of a useful
cranberry disease forecast, as
early as June, I have attempted no
analysis of the results of Dr.
Franklin's further study. It
should add to the accuracy of fore-
casts based on a single factor.
I sincerely hope that enough grow-
ers will act on the basis of his
forecasts to give us a real check
on their accuracy.

Chester H. Coiven

Chester H. Cowen, brother of
George H. Cowen, president of

New England Cranberry Sales
Company and director of American
Cranberry Exchange (CRANBER-
RIES, November 1948), died at his
home, North Rochester, Mass., De-
cember 21. He had been in poor
health for about a year.

Mr. Cowen was active in the
cranberry industry for many years
and was a member of the Cape Cod
Cranberry Growers' Association.
He was also a member of the Farm
Bureau, the Rochester Grange, and
was Rochester road commissioner
for 20 years.

He is survived by his wife. Ber-
tha, a son, Chester, Jr., of Roch-
ester, four daughters, a sister, and
his brother, George.

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Plymouth, Maw.

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Keep the New Year's Spirit for the Next Twelve Months

Peter A. LeSage

Nineteen

A BOOK REVIEW

By CLARENCE J. HALL

"Factors in Botanical Publica-
tions and other Essays", by Neil
E. Stevens, Ph. D., who is Profes-
sor of Plant Pathology, University
of Illinois, formerly Forest Path-
ologist and Senior Pathologist,
Bureau of Plant Industry, U. S.
D. A. Professor of Botany, Univer-
sity of Illinois, and Senior Cran-
berry Specialist, Wisconsin State
Depaz-tment of Agriculture, is a
most interesting publication which
has been sent us for review by the

Chronica Botanica Company of
Waltham, Massachusetts.

Dr. Stevens is well known to
many cranberry growers.

For one thing it contains an
excellent sketch of Dr. Stevens.
The editor's foreword says: "We
have much pleasure in presenting
in this special issue of Chronica
Botanica a collection of the gen-
eral writings of Dr. Neil Everett
Stevens, distinguished American
biologist and essayist. These es-
says, he told us, were written 'as
the spirit moved' over a period of
more than a quarter century.

Cranberry Growers...

You value the sound, proven recommendations of
the East Wareham Cranberry Experiment Station in
growing your crops successfully.

Equally invaluable to you is sound, properly
written Insurance fitted specially to the needs of
Cranberry Growers.

E. A. Thacher of this firm will be happy to
discuss your requirements, and without charge or
obligation, prepare a survey of your property and
needs.

Brewer & Lord

INSURANCE
56 Batterymarch Street, Boston

Telephone: Hancock 60830

Many of them are of international
importance and they are all of un-
usual permanent interest. Alto-
gether these papers represent
something less than half of Dr.
Stevens' published papers of this
type."

Chapter one is on "Radicalism
and Research in America," which
in brief says that undoubtedly the
most radical document ever adopt-
ed by an American National As-
sembly was the Declaration of
Independence.

The second chapter deals with
the obligation of the investigator
to the library, for as Dr. Stevens
says, only a very few exceptional
persons can own or provide room
for a library complete enough to
cover the range of his professional
interests. With this we thoroughly
agree.

Chapter three is "The Botany of j!
the New England Poets". Thisj|
refers to such poets as that little l|
group usually known as the Cam- '
bridge school, namely Longfellow, ,
Whittier, Holmes and Lowell. Dr. ,
Stevens quotes from a number of
their poems which prove their bo-
tannical knowledge as it was
known in their day.

His chapter four is "Botanical
Figures in Biblical Prophecy." In
this he says that whatever the
message of the Hebrew prophets
their language was vigorous. He
quotes from many passages in the
Bible which prove that botanical
references have wide appeal. For

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Twenty

stance he gives the verse of

aiah", which is:

"All flesh is grass,

And all the goodliness thereof

is as the flower of the field;

The grass withereth,

The flower fadeth,

Because the breath of the Lord

bloweth upon it;
Surely the people is grass!

V.L

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The grass withereth,

The flower fadeth

But the word of our God shall

stand forever."

For another chapter he has
"Brevity at Botanical Banquets."
He says that brevity of speech is
possible except to papers of a high-
ly specialized character. He adds
that brevity of serious speech is
possible, referring to Lincoln's
"Gettysburg Address", which con-
tains but 266 words.

Another chapter concerns "Bur-
eaucracy as a Way of Life." In
this he says that the government
worker lives in a glass house — his
hours, his pay, his tasks are known
or may be known to all. As a
dweller in a glass house he is by
proverb prohibited from throwing
stones. He adds that on the other
hand this government worker has
two general, almost universal
criticisms — first, that he is an in-
efficient workman, and second, that
he is a moral weakling.

The book contains 204 pages and
most interesting to us is that fac-
ing the back cover page is a draw-
ing of cranberry vines with blos-
som and berries.

SCOOPS AND SCREENIINGS

Many thanks to "Buff'" (New
England Almanac of the Air) of
Radio Station WEEI, Boston, for
his praise of our Christmas card
over the air on the morning of
December 20th.

« * « *

We also very much enjoyed the
Christmas card of Mr. and Mrs.
Leslie Kranick of Bandon, Oregon,
which showed their bog at Cape

Blanco.

*****
It really is amazing how some
of this cranberry information does
get around. We have just re-

MATHEWS

CONVEYOR

and

TRACK

Frost Insecticide Co.

Box 36
ARLINGTON, 74

MASS.

NEW YEAR'S GREETINGS
To Cranberry Growers

In this year of 1949 cranberry growers everywhere must unite in
closer cooperation in order to restore stability to the cranberry industry.

Every new member added to this Company and to the American
Cranberry Exchange will strengthen the prospect of the return of order-
ly marketing to the industry and help bring prosperity back again to
cranberry growers.

New England Cranberry Sales Company

THE CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE

ORGANIZED IN 1907

9 Station Street

Middleboro, Mass.

Twenty-one

ceived a letter from R. H. Fletcher,
Imokilly Orchards, Shanagary, Mid-
dleton County, Cork, Eire, asking
for a copy of the American Cran-
berry Exchange cranberry recipe
cook book. This request has been
complied with, thanks to New Eng-
land Cranberry Sales Co. We
might add that he enjoys CRAN-
BERRIES magazine every month.

Cranberry Station

(Continued from Page 4)

ent as to their feelings in the mat-
ter. The committee were unani-
mous in their opinion that a con-
sideration of marketing in its
broad sense and principles in-
volved should be available to all
cranberry growers. They felt that
since it was controversial, market-
ing in the past had been more or
less side-stepped and that it was

time that we consider it in our
educational programs. In fact it
was suggested that a Marketing
Conference for all cranberry grow-
ers be arranged, but more about
this suggestion a little later.

County Agent "Bert" Tomlinson
called his county-wide cranberry
committee together in early De-
cember to make plans for their
cranberry programs. The Barn-
stable committee also expressed
their belief that marketing should
feature their club meetings and
educational programs this coming
year. "Bert" held a committee
meeting of the club officers and
directors. This group definitely
favored more attention in the field
of marketing and made plans to
feature marketing discussions at
their winter cranberry club meet-
ings.

wy ^s£yt^'''"\z

FOR PRE -FABRICATED FLUMES
R. A. TRUFANT

Hydraulic Consultant — Bog Railroads For Sale or Rent

Tel. Carver 64-11 NORTH CARVER, MASS.

The council and guidance re-
ceived from cranberry growers
serving on the county and state
advisory committees is greatly
appreciated by the Extension Ser-
vice. We shall do our best to in-
corporate these suggestions into
our cranberry programs.

Crop Report

For the United States, as a
whole, the 1948 cranberry crop is
estimated at a i-ecord high of

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Twenty-two

22,500 barrels. This is 17 per
nt more than the 1947 crop of
30,200 barrels and 37 per cent
bove the ten-year (1937-46) aver-
se of production. The previous
cord-high crop, produced in 1937,

totaled 877,300. The increase from
last year is accounted for by the
record crop in Massachusetts, which
is estimated at 575,000 barrels,
and Wisconsin, 225,000.

Production in Oregon with 13,-

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000 barrels is less than that of last
year, 14,200.

Washington harvested 42,500
this year as compared with 48,000
last year.

Sun scald caused heavy loss in
New Jersey prior to ripening. The
Jersey crop is estimated as 67,000
barrels.

These figures are from the
United States Department of Agri-
culture, New England Crop Re-
porting Service, date, December 28.

Fresh from the Fields

(Continued from page 5)

for the cranberry growers, while
a gradual return to normal and
below normal temperatures during
the latter days of December
should prepare the blueberry buds
for most any reasonable temper-
atures that may follow. The cold-
est temperature to date this winter
occurred on the morning of De-
cember 27th, when -4° was report-
ed quite generally in the Pemberton
area.
November and December Wetter
Following the two dry months of
September and October, both No-
vember and December were wetter

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Twenty-three

than normal. November rainfall
totalled 4.49 inches compared to a
normal of 3.23 inches, while De-
cember precipitation totalled 3.61
inches compared to a normal of
2.46 inches. This rainfall has put
the cranberry growers in a very
good position as far as the winter
flood is concerned.

Blueberries

The mild fall weather has been
very favorable for blueberry prun-
ing. By the end of December
pruning on many properties was
progressing well ahead of schedule.

The 17th Annual Blueberry Open
House of the N. J. Cranberry and
Blueberry Research Laboratory
was held at Pemberton on Decem-
ber 11th. Over 130 persons were
present to hear the talks on blue-
berry problems and research in
1948. At this same meeting the
New Jersey Blueberry Farmers'
Association was organized.

The Association is open to all
New Jersey blueberry growers, re-
gardless of marketing affiliations.
It was formed to provide a common
meeting place for all growers for
the exchange of helpful informa-
tion in growing blueberries. It
also aims to promote research and
extension work by the State Uni-
versity.

One of the inspirations for the
new organization, a spokesman for
the industry said, has been the suc-
cess of the research work on blue-
berry stunt, a virus disease, con-
ducted by the Agricultural Experi-
ment Station of Rutgers Univer-
sity. The New Jersey Blueberry
Cooperative Association of New
Lisbon has appropriated $5,000
each year for the last three years
to conduct this research.

The following officers were
elected: President, Lester Collins,
Moorestown, N. J.; Vice-Pres.,
Harold Haines, Whitesbog, N. J.;
Secretary, John W. Goodman, Pem-
berton, N. J.; Treasurer, Alfred
Galletta, Hammonton, N. J..

Executive Committee: John Ber-

tino, Hammonton, N. J.; William
Bertino, Hammonton, N. J.; Joseph
Testa, Hammonton, N. J.; Alfred
Galletta, Hammonton, N. J.; Ern-
est Bowker, Sr., Pemberton, N. J.;
Mrs. Martha Wyman, Pemberton,
N. J.; Delbert Bush, Browns Mills,
N. J.; Harold Haines, Whitesbog,
N. J.; Benjamin Cavileer, Lower
Bank, N. J.; Lester Collins, Moores-

town, N. J.; H. B. Scammell, Tomi
River, N. J.

American Cranberry Grower Ass'i
The 79th Annual Meeting of thi
American Cranberry Growers' As
sociation will be held at the Wal
Whitman Hotel, Camden, N. J., oi
January 29, 1949. All cranberrj
growers are invited to attend thii
meeting.

EZZZZZZQ

TiTJTTwnwn

TILLER HT/m

# Full horupewar motsr
A SUndard two tpAeda—

lorwvd and ravane.
9 Potitlv* action, multl-

pk diM clutch.
A Full diad Vt'elacbic

alloy ataal Ifnat.

ARIENS.COMPANY • BRILLION.WIS

Twenty-four

Beaton's Distributing Agency

NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS
of

for over a quarter century
in United States and Canada

Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 130 or 970

1^1 |iMlM%#»lMI

How our customers miss it, when the power goes off
through a storm or other unavoidable mishap.

Such mishaps make us realize that ELECTRICITY
has become almost a necessity of modern-day living.

Plymouth County Electric Co.

WAREHAM - - PLYMOUTH

Tel. 200

Tel. 1300

MIN-OT

FOOD PACKERS, Inc.

BRIDCETON, NEW JERSEY

Packers of

AAI IN-W I Strained Cranberry, Sauce

and

COnWap'S Wkole Cranberry Sauce

Represented by

BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY

WAREHAM, MASS.

The Fresh Market is
CoMiting Back!

Total Fresh Sales Last Season:
290,000 Bbls. (Estimated)

Total Fresh Sales This Season:
475,000 Bbls. (Estimated)

The fresh market for cranberries, supported over the years by the
American Cranberry Exchange, is on its way back! It is a lucky thing
for our industry the fresh market was there this year, ready to take a
huge volume of cranberries.

The Exchange alone has advertised and sold fresh cranberries year
after year — and kept telling growers it could and should sell more
FRESH.

If distribution this year had been more orderly, the fresh cranberry
market could have taken an even larger volume and at better prices.

Next year growers will need the fresh market as much or more
than this year. Protect that market by growing berries suited for the
fresh market, and by shipping them through the American Cranberry
Exchange under the EATMOR label — the label that inspires confidence.

The American Cranberry Exchange, Inc.

The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative
Marketers of

^^Eatmor
Cranberries

Chicago

New York

iVINC A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY

VPE COD
EW JERSEY
WISCONSIN
OREGON
WASHINGTON

Showing the waves and the white beach sand on the Dennis shore near where Henry Hal! started
the first cranberry bog. (Story page 7) (CRANBERRIES phi. to

30 Cents

February, 1949

Continuity oi Service

For 54 years we have given uninterrupted service to the Cranberry
growers of New Jersey. The second, third, and fourth generations of
our members have found that there is no substitute for it. It has been
time tested and proven to be the best service under all circumstances.
Wouldn't you like to join us?

Growers Cranberry Company, Inc.

Oldest Cooperative in the Cranberry industry
Oldest agricultural Cooperative in New Jersey

PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY

TWO STRONG MEN

were born in February — Washington and Lincoln.
They served our country well.

IN WISCONSIN THE WISCONSIN CRANBERRY

SALES COMPANY is strong, and, we believe,

serves the Cranberry Industry well.

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

(A Cooperative)
WISCONSIN RAPIDS WISCONSIN

belong together like butter and
biscuits, liver and onions, may-
poles and May.

NCA will spend more than
$200,000 this spring to carry
on the c h i c k e n-and-cran-
berry campaign launched so
successfully a year ago.
Magazine advertising will
suggest ways of serving
chicken and cranberries to-
gether. . . and store displays
will bring the chicken and
cranberry message to the
consumer while she shops.

With Ocean Spray's spring
campaign, the cranberry in-
dustry will take another big
step toward a wider market
for cranberry sauce and
cranberry juice cocktail.

Like CtiicUn? We Cranberry?

Send todiy for folder of

8 oulttanding

Chicken — Crjrbcrry Dishes

Ocflon Sprcty Kltch«n
Dcpt. W 2 Hasion, Ms».

JOIN WITH NCA TO BUILD A BIGGER MARKET FOR BIGGER CROPS

National Cranberry Association

Hanson, Massachusetts
Onset, Massachusetts
Plymouth, Massachusetts

The Growers' Cooperative

Branches at:

North Harwich, Massachusetts
Bordentown, New Jersey
North Chicago, Illinc 's

Coquille, Oregon
Markham, Washington
Long Beach, Washington

^

DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREHAM 162

S. C. M. Packard & Co.

Hardware — Locksmiths
For Maintenance Supplies

Let Us Handle

Your Power Needs

for Bog Pumps

International Harvester

and

Continental Red Seal

Industrial Engines

SALES and SERVICE

J. M. HACKETT

Tel. Rockland 1864
NO. HANOVER MASS.

Extensive Experience in
ELECTRICAL WORK

At Scrcenhouaea. Bo(s and
Pumpa Meana Satisfaction

ALFRED PAPPl

WAREHAM, MASS. T.l. 626

USE DYNAMITE

The modern way to re-
move stumps, excavate
rocks, DIG CORES FOR
DIKES, and other blasting
work in cranberry growing.
Speeds up work — reduces costs.
CONSULT WITH US ON ANY
WORK YOU ARE PLANNING.
Trained by Hercules Powder Co.

Alton J. Smith

High St., Hanson, Mass.

Tel. Bryantville 297

An Ad

in
CRANBERRIES
is your message
placed before the in-
dustry.

Advertising Does

Pay

Dividends

Edwin K. Greer Co.

WAREHAM, MASS.
Est. 1891 Tel. Wareham 108

PIONEERS RETAILERS OF
BUILDING MATERIALS

CATERING To The CRANBERRY
INDUSTRY

LUMBER DRAIN PIPE

WOOD PRESERVERS BOLTS

TOOLS

BEES

RENTALS

JOHN VAN de POELE

West Abington, Mass.

H. R. Bailey Co.

South Carver
Massachusetts

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.
in stock

Morris April Bros

Bridgeton - Tuckahof

New Jersey

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

Wood
County
National
Bank

Wisconsin Rapids,
Wisconsin

MKMBCn FBDKRAL DBPOSIT
INSUNANCK CORPORATION

'SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY

ADAMS & GOULD

Lumber Dealers

"Everything Under Cover"

East Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 648

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Paints - Hardware

Attention
Cranberry
Growers ! !

We have

Drain Pipe

ILarge Sized Terra Cotta
Makes a Permanent Installation

RALPH W. ELLIOT

ISandwich Rd., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 794

Mail Address: Buzzards Bay, RFD

Plumbinc and Heatinc Service

KROP-SAVER

brand

INSECTICIDES
FUNGICIDES

For the Cranberry Grower

CROP-SAVER
CHEMICAL COMPANY, Inc.

3511 West Potomac Avenue
Chicago 51, Illinois

Cape & Vineyard
Electric Company

Offices :

Chatham

Falmouth
Hyannis

Vineyard Haven

Established 1848

Hall & Cole

Incorporated

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

94 Faneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON, MASS.

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES
SPECIALTIES

Car Lot Receivers

PLYMOUTH
NATIONAL BANK

Plymouth
Massachusetts

Member Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation

Attention
Bog Owners

Why Not Subscribe
to

CRANBERRIES

Magazine

for your Foreman?

It would be a Good
Business Investment

The National Bank of Wareham

Conveniently located for Cranberry men

Funds always available for sound loans

Complete Banking Service

Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.

Mass. Cranberry
Station and Field Notes

by J. RICHARD BEATTIE
Extension Cranberry Specialist

Temperatures have been running
well above normal for December
and January. Should this weather
pattern continue through Febru-
ary, conditions will be favorable
for the growth of scum or algae,
as it's called, under the winter
flood. Growers are urged by Dr.
Franklin to be on the watch for
this algae, which appears under
the ice or water as a green film
over the vines. In fact, it has
already been seen on several bogs.
The Copper Sulphate Treatment
will take care of this problem ef-
fectively. Probably the cheapest
treatment is to broadcast fine crys-
tals on the ice at the rate of 10
lbs. per acre in February and
again in March. However, if the
ice is gone, place coarse crytals
in a burlap bag and tow behind a
boat, using approximately 4 lbs.
of coarse crystals for each one
acre foot of water. Since the al-
gae usually has its start near the
ditches, be sure that these areas
receive special attention. The
main point is to treat the bog
early and repeat the application
if necessary. A word of caution
is necessary since copper sulphate
is sometimes harmful to fish life.
A reasonable period of time should
elapse before draining off the win-
ter flow into any fish stream or
pond after treating for scum.

Growers will be interested in a
note received recently from Wal-
ter Piper, Division of Markets,
Boston. Mr. Piper was in charge
of the cranberry-apple pie contest
that received so much publicity at
the Union Agricultural meetings
in Worcester. A quote from his
note seems in order:

"Beneficial results from the
cranberry-apple publicity at the
Union Agricultural Meeting in
Worcester continue to accumulate.
Evidence of the widespread pub-

licity given these two fruits keeps
coming in from many places —
some surprisingly distant from
Massachusetts. For instance, we
have a report of a newspaper
story of the big pie from Phoenix,
Arizona, and I have a letter from
a friend in Wenatchee, Washing-
ton State, referring to a press
story about the pie contest and
the big pie. There's no telling
how much actual space in the
newspapers and on the radio has
been given to this entire matter,
but it certainly seems to have
been tremendous.

"One reason for our mentioning
that today is something new which
has just come in the mail in the
form of a request from a Chicago
advertising agency, asking for the
names and addresses of the contest
winners. They are interested in
communicating with these winners,
to learn what ingredients were
used. Something of this sort can
easily expand into further favor-
able references to the advantages
of using cranberries and apples as
pie-making materials.

"All told, therefore, the recent
combination of sales promotion
devoted to apples and cranberries
has proved to be a very fine exam-
ple of cooperation in public rela-
tions. There was the contest it-
self; then the big pie as a special
attraction; and of particular local
interest, the window display con-
test in Worcester. All of these,
tied together to demonstrate how
well many groups can work to-
gether on a sales promotion pro-
ject."

Important Meeting March 17
Speaking of groups working to-
gether, all cranberry organizations
are uniting in the sponsorship of
a Cranberry Marketing Conference,
open to all growers. It will be
held Thursday, Maich 17, starting

promptly at 10.00 a. m. at the
Wareham Town Hall. The Massa-
chusetts Agricultural Program
Board are also cooperating with
this venture. Cranberry growers
have expressed themselves heart-
ily in favor of such a meeting.
Briefly, its purpose will be to pre-
sent in a simple and direct man-
ner some of the fundamental prin-
ciples and concepts of marketing.
If we understand some of the
principles involved, it seems log-
ical to assume that we will be-
come better informed members of
our respective marketing organi-
zations. It should be clearly un-
derstood that no attempt will be
made to settle controversial issues
or become involved in such mat-
ters. This will be strictly an edu-
cational type of meeting. We are
experiencing excellent cooperation
from all the marketing organiza-
tions and their representatives in
arranging the px'ogram and other
details involved with this meeting.
The committee in charge of ar-
rangements include: M. C. Beaton,
Wareham; Russell Makepeace,
Marion; Orrin Colley, Plymouth;
Edward Bartholomew, Wareham;
Robert S. Handy, Cataumet; Emil
St. Jacques, Wareham; Brandt D.
Ellis, Dennis; County Agents J.
T. Brown, Lewis Norwood, and
writer.

The annual task of revising the
Insect, Disease, and Weed Control
Charts is nearing completion. The
committee meeting of growers as-
sisting with this work has been
held, and a small editorial commit-
tee have been adding their final
touches to the charts. By the way
the experiences and observations
of the growers assisting with this
work are a tremendous help tc
the Experiment Station staff. We
hope the new charts will be ready
for distribution by the middle oi
March.

There is no doubt that discus-
sions of marketing are by fare tht
most popular topic at present
which is understandable, but cut-
ting production costs is anothei
topic that is receiving considerable
attention and is of vital import-
ance to us all. We have had ex-
cellent reports from growers whc
attended the Plymouth Countj
Club meetings and heard the eighl

(Continued on Page 21)

Four

Issue of February, J 949 — Vol. 13. No. 10

Publiihfd monthly at The Courier Print Shop. Main St.. Wareham, MassachusettB. Subscription. 18.00 p«r year,
.r.^ >■ aecond-elass matter January 26, 1943. at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 8. 187t.

Entered as second-class matter January

RESH FROM THE FIELDS

Compiled by C J. H.

MASSACHUSETTS

Probably the outstanding wea-
her feature during the month of
anuary was the remarkable
farmth. The excess in temper-
ture was 212 degrees for the
nonth, or approximately 7 de-
rees per day. The ground was
carcely frozen except for a light
rust on some days., therefore
here is practically no frost in the
ground. The warmest day was
n the 9th, with a temperature
State Bog) of 56; coldest, 12 de-

rees above on the 30th.

* « « * «

Rainfall was 3.64 (State Bog)
,nd snowfall 3.25. Such snow as
ell did not last long, without the
rost in the ground to prevent its
apid melting.

* * « « *

Bogs have been pretty much
)pen water most of the winter.
Nith this open water condition
;here could have been only slight
)xygen deficiency, if any. There
las been a little winter kill, but it
s comparatively trifling.

As the result of the warm wea-
;here there has been no ice sand-
ng possible. In short, January in
Massachusetts was a comfortable
vinter month, in sharp contrast to
;hat of last year. It has been a
•nonth easy on fuel supplies and
1 month in which it was pleasant
to go out without bundling up in

too many clothes.

« * « « «

The sunshine factor was rela-
tively low, the report being 110
hours as compared to a normal of
132.

WISCONSIN

Wisconsin had extreme cold in
the latter part of January. One

night the reading was 22 below,
and there were several nights of

10-15 below.

• » * ♦ »

There was an 8-10 inch snow-
fall, which stopped the sanding
operations. However, this re-
lieved the water situation consid-
erably. There had been little
water fall in the state until the
snow, which will, of course, pro-
vide some degree of water for
spring frost flowing.

NEW JERSEY

With a little more sunshine and
less rain New Jersey could have
competed with Florida or Califor-
nia as a winter resort this balmy
January of 1949. At the time this
was written (January 26) the
average daily mean temperature
at Pemberton since January 1st
stands at 40°. This is 6.4° above
the normal mean of 33.6°. The
lowest temperature for the month
was 24° on the 4th and the high-
est was 65° on the 19th. With
temperatures near what we expect
in March we wonder if January
will go out like a lion, for it cer-
tainly came in like a lamb.

* ♦ * * *

Rainfall has again been above
normal for the third month in a
row. The rainfall for January
totalled 5.20 inches compared with
a normal of 3.44 inches. There
was no snow during the month at
any time through the 26th. The
month ended like a lion, with rain,
snow, sleet.

*****

For the third year the National
Cranberry Association has spon-
sored a meeting open to all cran-
berry growers at the N. J. Farm-

ers' Week in Trenton. During
this week 46 agricultural associ-
ations held annual meetings and
various departments of the State
Department of Agriculture and
the Agricultural Experiment Sta-
tion present programs of special
interest to N. J. farmers. E. V.
Lipman of NCA stressed the im-
portance and value of the pending
conferences on integration between
the National and the Exchange.
He urged that all growers lend
their full support to this move-
ment.

Professor Allen G. Waller gave
an informative talk on the agri-
cultural outlook for 1949. Charles
Lamb of the Springfield (Mass.)
Federal Land Bank reported on
his tour of the nation's cranberry
bogs and stated that the cranberry
growers are in a better position
than almost any other group of
farmers in the country. This is
true because of the fact that they
have practically the whole prob-
lem right in their own hands and
are in a good position to work out
their solution, he said.

John E. Cutts was the presiding
officer at the meeting. He called
on a number of speakers from the
National, the American Cranberry
Exchange, and the Cranberry and
Blueberry Research Laboratory.

* « • * •

The mild weather that has pre-
vailed so far this winter has been
ideal for all kinds of bog work,
and several growers have taken
advantage of this weather to do
considerable amounts of sanding.
Because of the prevailing mild
weather many bogs have not been
flooded at all this winter.

(Continued on Page 21)

Five

Henry Hall, Pioneer Grower,

A Vet of Revolutionary War

This Was Begun by Henry Hall of Dennis in About the
Year 1812 on Cape Cod.

By CLARENCE J. HALL

(Editor's Note: — This is a continuation of the Cranberry History which began in
this magazine two months a?o).

Everything — except pei'haps Time itself — has a beginning, and the
beginning of successful cranberry cultivation goes back to the days when
the United States -was vei-y young. The mists of these long years, rising
like the "fog" of a flooded cranberry bog on a frosty night, prevent a
sharply focused picture of this beginning. Yet the beam of research,
diligently directed back through these years, converges upon one scene
as the birthplace of American cranberry culture and upon one man as
the true sire of the cranberry industry.

The place is Dennis, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, and the man, Henry
Hall, a veteran of the Revolutionary War.

Henry Hall

Tradition and vaguely-written word has long accorded these honors
to Dennis and to Henry Hall. Others were engaged in getting cranberry
growing under way at about the same time; it is altogether possible that
others may have begun cultivation with commercial intent before he.
But the most earnest efforts to ascertain the true facts of the beginning
of cranberry growing only plant the feet of Henry Hall more firmly upon
the pedestal reserved for the Father of the Cranberry Industry, and
establish more securely that pedestal as the town of Dennis.
For moi'e than one hundred years

his efforts have been cited as prov-
ing that cranberries could be cul-
tivated. As long ago as that his
example was pointed out as proving
this and his labors made a matter
of inspiration to others. It is from
his efforts and those of his Dennis
neighbors that commercial cran-
berry cultivation may be dated.

Henry Hall may not be given the
credit of alone having the inspira-
tion to cultivate this lowly, native
American fruit. It may be defi-
nitely established that to the minds
of others entirely without know-
ledge of his activities, there came
the same idea in approximately
those same early years. There were
spontaneous beginnings of cran-
berry cultivation in Middlesex
County, west of Boston, and in
New Jersey at least nearly as ear-
ly as his. There is every reason to
be convinced that these others had
no knowledge of his start and that
for many decades after that men
began cultivating without know-
ledge of these Dennis efforts and
sincerely believing they were pion-
eering a new form of cultivation.

Six

The evidence, however, seems
overwhelming that if cranberry
growing may be attributed to any
one individual, it was Henry Hall
who contributed most to its suc-
cessful start and that the flame of
cranberry cultivation, for one rea-
son or another, was kindled at Den-
nis by Henry Hall and his neigh-
bors. It is fitting that cranberry
growing should have a sire and a
place of birth. The certifications
for this are as credible at least as
for the claim to fame of many an-
other man or place in other lines
of endeavor.

Into this same picture at this
time must also come at least two
others of Dennis. One is Elkanah
Sears, also a veteran of the Rev-
olution, and his son, William. An-
other is one Thomas Hall, first as
a boy, then as a man. The cran-
berry interests begun by these
men more than a century and a
quarter ago still continue.

Early Dennis

It is possible to recall a fair pic-
ture of the times and the place
when cranberry growing began.

Dennis, until 1793, was a part of
Old Yarmouth, incorporated as a
town in 163D. The grantors of
Old Yarmouth were Ant(h)ony
Tha(t)cher, John Crow (Cio,
Crowe, Crowel and Crowell), and
Thomas Howes. Coming a little
later to Nobscussett, which is now
a part of Dennis, were Richard
Sears, styled "The Pilgrim", and
John Hall. From these early set-
tlers and others came the pioneers
and early growers. The culture of
the cranberry stems from the old-
est bloodstream in America.

In the opening years of the
1800s Nobscussett boasted "52
dwellings and the Old Meeting
House (the East Parish of the
Yarmouth Congregational Church),
a neat and convenient building
without a steeple. Summers lodge
of Free Masons. ... a handsome
edifice near the meeting house, 40
feet by 20 feet, the hall above,
school below. Two windmills near
the meeting house, five sail of
fishermen and three coasters of 30
to 40 tons."

(This is the description of Dr.
James Freeman as found in the
Collections of the Massachusetts
Historical Society).

In this scattered group of un-
painted houses along the county
road and the cartways leading into
the fields and to the waters of Cape
Cod Bay, occupied chiefly by Halls
and Howes, but more Howes than
Halls, and a number of Crowells,
lived Henry Hall and the boy,
Thomas Hall.

"A half mile to the east of the
Old Meeting House, the rough hill

of Scargo is the highest land

in the county and is the first which
is made by seamen approaching
the south shore." (Dr. Freeman).
And it was here by the side of
Scargo Lake and by the side of
Scargo Hill that Thomas Hall set
out cranberry vines in 1813.

"Suet (where lived Elkanah
Sears on Quivet Neck, still further
to the east) "contains 36 dwellings
on Suet (Sesuit) and Quivet Necks
and has five sail of fishermen, and
is a pleasant village compared to
Nobscussett. It is flourishing, con-
tributing salt works. . . ."

All along the sea, and even con-
siderable distances from the shore
wei'e the "strings" of saltworks —

ter room, pickle room, lime room
d finally salt room — low, square
oden boxes open to the sky if the
ather was pleasant, the sun
ning the brine into salt, hooded
th movable covers if the day was
udy or rainy. They, with the
idery windmills to pump up the
ne through troughs, were an
!scapable part of the landscape
len cranberry growing was be-
ming on Cape Cod. And as the
t industry declined and the cran-
rry industry grew, their loca-
ns were replaced by cranberry
les. It was due chiefly to the
'entiveness of a kinsman of El-
ah (John Sears) who in 1799
tained a patent for the process

making salt by solar evapor-
on), that this industry flour-
led. Henry Hall, Elkanah Sears
d many another early Cape cran-
rry grower was likewise a mak-

of salt from the sea. Many a
jht their slumbers, after work-
; at cranberry growing during
i day, may have been disturbed
len they had to close the covers
ainst a sudden rain.
"The best soil lies on the Bay,

and near Quivet and Suet
!cks", wrote Dr. Freeman, "and
th few other exceptions the soil
light and sandy". The bay side

Dennis had few large trees, or
;es of any kind, except "a little
lite oak, some red and black oaks,
t principally pitch pines. Thor-
u fifty years later called Dennis
rren and bleak. "Sufficient but-
p is made, more onions are
own than may be consumed. . . .
ere are several small orchards
lich do not do well. . .. there are
ims and plenty of eels. Bilious
d nervous disorders are the most
mmon diseases."

Attire of the Pioneers

No locomotive whistle was to
»il over the marshes or echo from
e sand dunes for nearly half a
ntury. Mail came infrequently
■ packet or stage. With the be-
nning of the century stages were
St beginning to roll their tedious
jy and the little packets were
St beginning to sail with some
gree of regularity from the Cape
Uages. If one of these men of
ennis of that day had gone up to
Dston, dressed for the occasion,
i would not have been out of place

W^

T N^

Harry Hall, great-great-grandson of Henry Hall, scooping on the original bog. Photo
taken several years ago. ((CRANBERRIES Photo)

if he attired himself in a white,
home-made linen shirt, buff panta-
loons tucked into boots, white stock,
gay, flowered waistcoat, dark-col-
ored coat with tails to the knee,
and high beaver hat. He would
have had no Cape Cod newspaper
to read by stage or packet. So
long ago was it when cranberry
growing began on Cape Cod. Yet
it was a time of rising prosperity
for the Cape, interrupted by the
War of 1812. Salt making was in
the ascendancy, as were cod and
mackerel fisheries, farmers were
finding markets for their onions,
corn, rye and wheat, in those early
decades of the past century when
cranberry growing was beginning.
Henry Hall
Henry Hall was born in Yar-
mouth, December 1, 1760 or 1761
(records vary), of the eighth gen-
eration from John Hall, who came

from England in 1630, descending
through John's eldest son, John,
reputedly one of twelve. Henry
was twice married, and it was
Henry and his first wife Data (Ba-
ker), who had deeded land for the
building of the Summers Lodge of
Masons. His second wife was Tam-
sin Clark.

With the lapse of the years, ac-
counts of the personality and ap-
pearance of Henry Hall have lapsed
likewise. But he is reputed to have
been a man interested in commun-
ity affairs. The Dennis town rec-
ords show that in 1801 it was voted
"at the request of Henry Hall and
others to fence in the burying
ground at our North Meeting
House, to be done by subscription."
In that same year, he with two
others as a committee of three, re-
ported to the town to lay out from
the common lands at Black Earth,

Seven

or "Black Flats" for the use of
individuals for salt works. "Black
Earth", near Coy's or Kiah's Pond,
was close by the seashore, and
around this pond wild cranberries
had grown and had been gathered
since earliest tradition.

Henry Hall has repeatedly been
referred to as "Captain Henry
Hall." Of his right to this title
there seems to be no recollection
or definite written record. How-
ever, in a list of vessels enrolled
from Yarmouth for the year 1778
a Henry Hall is listed as captain
of the schooner "Viana", 31 tons,
69 feet, owner, Atherton Hall.
This may substantiate his title, as
there is no other Henry Hall in
town records of that date.

Probably he was a "typical"
man of Cape Cod of the day, had
done a little inshore seagoing, and
had mainly made his living by
farming. He was, Dennis tax rec-
ords show, a man of at least rea-
sonable property, owning two
dwellings, his outbuildings, had
salt works, and his cleared land and
his woodland. His Revolutionary
War record is, if undistinguished,
clear. The Massachusetts Collec-
tion of Revolutionary War Records
has:

Henry Hall, born 1761 or '62,
died 1850. Private, Captain Mica
Chapman's Company. Service
1.? days, Dartmouth, Sept. 6,
1778.
In a memorandum written by
himself he states as follows:

"I was born in that part of
Yarmouth which is now Dennis.
I went to Holden in the County
cf Worcester to live with my
brother, at which place on the
last of March I enlisted 1777 in
the Company commanded by
Captain Stone for the term of 3
months and marched to Rhode
Island and was stationed at "Ob-
dike New Town" and served my
time and was discharged. I re-
turned to Holden. I enlisted in
the Company commanded by
Captain Edmund Hodges for four
months. Company was under
General Stark. We then marched
to Barrington where we re-
mained about two months. We
then went to Albany where we
remained a few days. We were
then ordered back to Bennington
where we arrived the day of the
battle on the 17th of August. At
the end of the term was dis-
chai'ged in August or September
1. Then entered the eight month
service as a substitute of Enoch
Hall, Company commanded by

Eight

Captain Joseph Griffeth and was
stationed at Fall River. In Aug-
ust, 1779, I enlisted in the Com-
pany commanded by Captain Lot
Crowell and marched to Fal-
mouth, then to Waquoit, at
which place I served four and one
half months."

Henry Hall had three sons, Hen-
ry, Jr., Hiram and Josiah Baker.
At some time he moved from a
house along the County road to a
little story and a half Cape cot-
tage neai-er the shore, and near
where he began cranberry grow-
ing. As he felt himself growing
older, it is said he made an agree-
ment with his son, Hiram, to care
for him and in return Hiram would
be left this property, his "town
house" going to his eldest son.
The site of this house today is cov-
ered with a dense growth of tall
silver leaf poplars, springing, it is
said, from a single tree planted
during Henry's life time. The
house itself has since been moved
to nearby Nobscussett Beach.
First Bog on the Cape
Assumedly it was while living
here that he thought of cultivating
the wild cranberries of Dennis.
The long and often-repeated story
is that he chanced to note that
where beach sand blew over the
wild vines the berries grew better
and this gave him the idea of
planting vines in sand. Fancy
might say it was while he was a
member of the town committee
concerned with the land at Black
Earth near the shore that he "not-
ed" the sand among the ci'anberry
vines. More likely he noticed the
sand growing among wild vines on
his own property toward the shore
from where his little house was
located. There is a small and very
muddy pond, which has been var-
iously known as "Miry Pond" and
as "Hiram's Pond" (named for
Hiram Hall). Its shores are
swampy, natural cranberry ground.
Certainly the sand from nearby
dunes could have blown over the
vines there. In wintry gales sands
do still sweep over this spot. The
shores of this pond have been
pointed out as the site of his be-
ginnings, by I. Grafton Howes,
former president of the Cape Cod
Cranberry Growers' Association
and a descendant of Henry.

To the west and in back of the
poplar patch there is a bog of

about four acres. This is known to
older Dennis people as "the Hiram
Hall bog", or "Grampa Hiram's
bog". Henry's great-great-grand-
son, Harry Hall, whose mother,
Mrs. Lillian Hall, owned an interest
in this bog, said that Henry Hall
first cultivated here. Very certain-
ly Henry Hall cultivated cranber-
ries here on this bog, which up to
a few years ago was still producing,
but now has only a few scattered
vines. He may indeed have begun
here, or he may have first culti-
vated by the side of the pond,
transferring his activity to this
latter side as a better one. Pos-
sibly this assumption is more like-
ly. At any rate, the two spots ai'e
not many rods apart.

The exact determination of his
beginning is unverifiable. The date
has been variously ascribed, most
frequently as "about 1816."

In all likelihood the exact year
of his beginning can never be de-
termined. It is not strange that
this is so. He was probably quite
unaware that he was starting an
industry and so made no written
record of the date. No one else
would hve been vitally interested!
— as stated, there were no Capei
Cod newspapers at the time.

His experiments probably es-
caped any printed recognition for
some years. But this state of af-
fairs did not last long, and it is
to these printed notices that the
laurel for the first cranberry grow-
er may be placed on the brow of
Henry Hall and Dennis and Cape
Cod definitely ascribed as the-
birthplace of the industry.

The First Grower in Print

Henry Hall did receive recogni-
tion for his efforts in public prints-
beyond the limits of Barnstable
County very shortly. These recog-
nitions which were contemporary
with his early cranberry growing
and definitely implying that he
was pioneering in cranberry grow-
ing do not seem to have been dis-
puted at the time. They seem to
indicate that Henry Hall was then
regarded as the pioneer grower,
and from that time on seems to
have been so held, and Cape Cod
designated as the place where a
new form of agriculture was being
developed.

(Continued on Page 22)

ISSUE OF FEBRUARY, 1949
Vol. 13 No. 10

EFFORT TO REMEDY SITUATION

WE are not privileged to print anything
this month upon the efforts of the in-
dustry to benefit the general cranberry
situation. But at least many realize that
something drastic has to be done to im-
prove prices in the future.

Strangely enough, there is a lot of ill
will within the industry, yet there is still
a lot of good feeling. The cranberry in-
dustry is an industry closely knit, even
though it extends from "Shining Sea to
Shining Sea."

Perhaps this is enough said upon this
topic at the moment, maybe it is too much.

EROSION

WE have read a lot about soil erosion, but
we never knew what it really meant
until we made a recent trip to New Orleans
down through the Piedmont country with
its rich, red soil. Here the gullies are real-
ly something to see, as this fertile soil
which produces corn, cotton, and other
crops, along with peach and apple orch-
ards. These gullies mean that this fertility
is being washed into the tributaries that
feed into the Missisippi and other streams
and so into the Gulf, to be lost to agricul-
;ure. The erosion makes "Old Man River"
and all the streams take on their rich coffee
::olor. It was heartening to note, however,
i:hat a great deal of contour planting was
iDeing done to lessen erosion. As has been
pointed out so often before, a growing
America cannot afford to lose any more of
ts usable top soil.

CRANBERRIES AND FISH

I^RANBERRIES have traditionally always
gone with the turkey. The move to
nake the consumer conscious that cran-
Derry .sauce goes well with chicken is also
1 good one. unless too much emphasis is
aid upon this angle. But how about cran-
aerries with fish? There are many kinds
3f fish and many people eat fish, as it is
relatively cheap. We believe cranberry
sauce adds a tart taste which goes well
ivith fish.

Another means of increasing cranberry
Jonsumption, if it could be accomplished,
should be to induce restaurants, etc., to

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM. MASSACHUSETTS

Subscription $3.00 per year
Advertising rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS
Wisconsin

C. D. HAMMOND, Jr.
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington— Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY
Cranberry Specialist
Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK
Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station

East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station

Pemberton, New Jersey

serve larger helpings. Have you ever not-
iced the little bits of dabs which you get in
public eating places? You could stick
these dabs in your left eye and still not
blink.

A TTENTION is particularly called to an
important meeting of all groups of
growers at the Wareham, Mass., Town
Hall, Thursday, March 17th, starting
promptly at 10 a. m. This is for the spon-
sorship of a "Cranberry Marketing Confer-
ence." Briefly, its purpose, as pointed out
by J. Richard Beattie in his article, is to
present in a simple^and direct manner some
of the fundamentals and concepts of mar-
keting.

Scene of the church at "old New England". Dennis Cen-.er. In the nearby cemetery Henry HaU^'^ ^ Wled^ ^ ^^^^^^ j

Ten

P..2

JO
.3

3 3

om
^2
b3

be

40

c:

e od
A p.

gj Of

lb ^

.E-

3

e

Z

3

New Cello Packer
by Hayden Mfg-. Co.
Proving- Popular

Designed by Emil C. St.
Jacques and Son, Robert
Eliminates One Worker —
Will Pack 80-90 Barrels
Per Day.

Much interest has been created
n the cranberry world through
he introduction of a new cello-
jhane packing machine, complete
A'ith automatic sealer, which will
)e put out under the name of the
layden Separator Manufacturing
jO. of Wareham, Mass. It was
levised by Emil C. St. Jacques
md his son, Robert.

At a recent three-day demon-
stration, 65 growers attended,
rhey were accompanied by fore-
nen and other members of their
)rganizations and witnessed the
lemonstration two or three times.
\. special feature of the machine
s the automatic self-sealer which
)ermits the machine to be oper-
ited by two rather than three per-

sons. It also weighs with good
accuracy, well within the tolerance
allowed.

The machine has a capacity of
20 to 28 bags a minute with a good
average of 24. Three machines
will pack a carload a day, as each
machine is good for 80-90 barrels
a day. During the testing and
demonstration 575 quarter-barrel
boxes wei'e packaged.

The device has met with wide-
spread comment. When Mr. St.
Jacques attended the recent meet-
ing of the American Cranberry
Growers' Association at Camden,
New Jersey, he found that news
of the machine had preceded him
and was one of the chief topics
of conversation.

Besides being useful for celo-
phaning cranberries it will handle
other small fruits, small nuts,
such as peanuts, dried peas, dried
beans and hard candies. In short,
it is an all-purpose machine. It
sells for $1,200, which is very sub-
stantially less than other cello-
phane machines with sealer.
(Photo page 12)

Sfew Farm Radio
Program for S. E.
Massachusetts

Phs Is Daily From Brockton
and Was Initiated by
"Joe" T. Brown, Director
Plymouth County Exten-
sion Service.

VBKA in Brockton Serving Far-
mers in Bristol, Norfolk, and
Plymouth Counties

A cooperative farm radio pro-
ram for southeastern Massachu-
etts is one of the features of the
lew radio station, WBKA, 1450
ilocycles, Brockton, Mass. Farm
rganizations with the cooperation
f the Plymouth County Extension
iiervice are sponsoring a daily
[arm show from 12 noon to 12.30
\>. m., Monday through Saturday,
"■he initiative for this program is
redited to J. T. Brown, director
f the Plymouth County Extension
Service. He is assisted by an ad-
isory committee, each member of
vhich is responsible for one day
ach week.

market news, the latest weather
information, recognition of out-
standing farmers, agricultural ex-
perts and leaders in person, tran-
scribed farm broadcasts, and an-
The program features each day
agricultural news, up-to-the-minute

!V!i#«^'i^-^-« '

nouncements of farm meetings.
There are many contributors to
the program, some of which ap-
pear regularly one day each
month, others who appear with
the seasonal interest of the com-
munity in which they are inter-
ested. Farmers and consumers
alike benefit from this program
and it has been especially timed
so that they may listen during the
lunch hour.

C Cooperating agencies and
organizations to the program are:
Soil Conservation Service, Farm-
ers' Home Administration, Agri-
cultural Conservation Program,
Farm Credit Administration, Ply-
mouth County Extension Service,
General Mills, Purina Mills, Wirth-
more Service, Producers' Dairy
Cooperative, Hood Milk Company,
fruit, vegetable, and cranberry
specialists and growers, landscape
gardeners and architec, florists
and greenhouse operators, forestry
experts and tree wardens. Mari-
time milling, Plymouth County
Farm Bureau, Eastern States
Farmers' Exchange, Brockton Co-
operative Egg Auction Associ-
ation, East Bridgewater Farmers'
Exchange, 4-H club leaders and
members, vocational agricultural
departments. National cranberry
association. New England cran-
berry company, and Massachusetts
experiment station.

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY

Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Cranberry Consultant on any

Cranberry Problem

either Scientific or Practical

Laying- Out New Marshes a Specialty

Complete Marsh Management

and Supervision by year

can be arranged if desired

B.S.-M.S.

University of Wisconsin

Thirteen

THE ADVANTAGES OF LAZINESS

by R. A. TRUFANT

Those of us who attended the
Massachusetts GI cranberry schools
a year ago had the opportunity to
learn a great deal about many of
the details of cranberry growing,
and what it took to make a good
grower. But in the whole list of
speakers I failed to hear one who
extolled the vii'tues of laziness.
Yet many of them must have had
a streak of it to get where they are
today. I glory in my own laziness.
We all ought to give it more cred-
it. Many, many of the improve-
ments and refinements in cranberry
growing stem from no other cause.
Of course I do not mean the kind
of laziness that can go to sleep
alongside a job. I mean the kind
that does not hesitate to do a job
the accepted, hard way, but while
doing it figures how to do it easier
ne.xt time. Our use of bulldozers,
power shovels, railroads, and many
smaller helps comes from a disin-
clination to do things the harder
(and usually more expensive) way.
And still we have not by any means
exhausted the possibilities for the
advantageous use of this kind of
laziness.

Suppose you are building bog,
and have cut the timber on the
swamp and burned the trash, and
now you want to get the logs and
cordwood ashore. A double-drum
hoist would be a fairly good an-
swer, but how much lazier it would
be to finish the lower dike and its
prefabricated flume, and just raise
the water and let the logs bring
themselves ashore?

How to Get a Contour Map
Having been responsible for the
driving of many thousands of
stakes, I will go to almost any
lengths to avoid driving more. I
even think I could get a contour
map of a swamp without driving a
stake or bringing a level on the
job. It could be done by starting
with a full flow, and outlining the
high water mark in lime like a
tennis court, or with bright sand.
Then drop the water an even six
inches or a foot, and mark that
water-line. Repeat until the swamp
is drained. Then get a picture
taken from an airplane, and there

is your contour map.

Now decide at what level to
build the bog. It will be some
certain distance below the high-
water line. Now, when you stand
up normally, just how high is your
eye from the ground? Drive some
cordwood sticks in at your high-
water line, and mark them all at
the point which is the height of
your eye above your chosen mud-
grade. Stretch tight strings across
the swamp between these marks,
taking the sag out with extra
posts. Then, at any point on the
bog, the gi'ade is right only when
you can sight the strings against
each other in any direction with-
out stooping or stretching. You
can grade every inch of the swamp
in this way without having a level
on the job.

Suppose you are going to grade
with a bulldozer. Just stretch the
strings at the operator's eye-height
when driving the dozer. Then he
can watch his grade all the way
anywhere on the swamp without
stirring from his seat. Just get
the strings the right height above
the desired grade. He can duck
his head when passing a string.

This string-sighting method can
be modified to fit almost any con-
dition. For example, the Middle-
boro High school bllfield has been
graded to a one-per-cent slope at
an odd angle with the field, yet it
was graded by sighting-strings
run from less than a dozen instru-
ment-set stakes. Not to a level
grade, but to the desired slope.

The same work-dodging impluse
is behind our use of roller-convey-
ors for moving boxes of berries,
our truck-height loading platforms
and even the separators, weed-
chemicals and almost every worth-
while improvement in the industry.
Let's give it credit!

Crop Report

Production of cranberries in
1948 is estimated as a record of
922,000 barrels, according to a re-
lease of U. S. Department of Agri-
cultural Economics, State of New
Jersey, January 29th. This is 17

per cent more than the 1947 crop
and 37 per cent more than average.
The Massachusetts crop is esti-
mated at 575,000 barrels, 19 per
cent above last year and 29 per
cent above average. Production in
New Jersey, according to the re-
port, turned out to be 67,000 bar-
rels, 18 per cent below last year
and 22 per cent below average.
(The Jersey berries received heavy
loss from sun-scalding prior to rip-
ening). The Wisconsin crop at
225,000 barrels is 40 per cent above
the previous record in 1947 and
more than twice the 1937-46 aver-
age. The heavy production is a
result of increased acreage com-
bined with unusually favorable
growing conditions. Washington
harvested 42,500 barrels and 40,000
barrels, last year, compared to an
average of 26,710 barrels. The
Oregon crop was 13,000 compared
with 14,200 barrels last year and
9,730 average.

Use of Fertilizers

F. B. Chandler

Due to the present situation of
the cranberry industry, many grow-
ers feel that fertilizers should not
be used. However, with cranber-
ries selling at a relatively low-
price, it is desirable to pi'oduce as
large a volume from a given acre-
age as possible in order that the
production cost per barrel may be
reduced. Some cranberry bogs, of
course, do not need fertilizer, but
many bogs show an increase in
yield when fertilizer as applied.
The best response on the State
Bog was obtained with 40 lbs. of
nitrogen per acre. The experiments
so far indicate better results with
fertilizers containing about twice
as much phosphorus as nitrogen.
In other words, the ratio should
be a 1-2-1 or a 1-2-2. It may be
, that in years to come the amount
of phosphorus will even be in-
creased. At present, Wisconsin is
using a 1-4-1. Many growers feel
that the quality of fi-uit is de-
creased by the use of fertilizer,
and this is unquestionably true
when excessive amounts of nitro-
gen are used. However, if the
fetrilizer is applied in the proper
ratio and the proper amount, the
quantity of good fruit will not be
reduced. This year, it may be

F9ur«WB

difficult to obtain some fertilizers
because of a shortage of nitrogen
and potassium.

The data on soil moisture for
1948 has not been summarized.
However, it is very evident that
the level of water in the ditches
is not a good indication of the lev-
el of water in the middle of the
section. Water n'oves very slow-
ly from the ditches into the sec-
tion. Therefore, in hot, dry per-
iods, the ditches may be filled,
yet the centers of the section may
be extremely dry. It is very evi-
dent that the water in cranberry
bogs needs a great deal more
study, and the growers can great-
ly assist the Experiment Station
by expressing their experiences.

Long Beach, Wash.,
Cranberry Club
Elects New Officers

Elwell Chabot, President,
Mrs. Rea McArthur, Sec-
retary

Elwell Chabot, new president of
the Long Beach Peninsula Cran-

ben-y Club, presided for the first
time at the meeting which was held
recently. Mrs. Mary Morton re-
signed as secretary of the club and
Mrs. Bea MacArthur was elected
to that office for 1949.

A discussion was held on dues
for the coming year and the mat-
ter will be voted on at the February
meeting. The auditing committee.
Dr. J. H. Clarke and D. J. Crow-
ley, approved the treasurer's
books.

D. J. Crowley and Leonard Mor-
ris both gave reports on the State
College Agricultural Advisory
Board meeting which they attended
in Puyallup last week. County
Agent Nolan Servoss was present
and also spoke briefly to the grow-
ers. Arrangements were made to
have Clinton Hollinger, secretary
of Pacific County A. C. A. attend
the next meeting and sign up all
members who desire help in con-
servation practices.

Mr. and Mrs. Robert Ostgard,
Mr. and Mrs. Warner Smith and
Mr. and Mrs. Wilson Blair served
ice cream and cake at the close of
the meeting.

SCOOPS AND SCREENIINGS

We thank "Buff" of Boston's
WEEI once again for mentioning
our humble publication over the
air on the morning of February
1st. He referred to our series of
articles upon the history of the
cranberry industry.

From Franklin E. Smith, Bos-
ton attorney and treasurer of the
Nantucket Cranberry Company
which operates the world's larg-
est bog in one section, we are
grateful to receive the following
information: quoted from the Fair-
haven Star, Fairhaven, Mass., of
January 14, 1899: "Cranberries
are now said to be a specific for
the grip when eaten freely". Some-
how, it seems the cranberry has
from the very earliest times
been given beneficial medicinal
qualities.

Turkey growers plan to increase
turkey production in 1949 by 25
per cent.

The HA YDEN CeHophane Packer

and Sealer for Cranberries

rn ' ' T

FILLER - Measures by weight
- accurately - output - 20-28
No. 1 Bags per minute.

AUTOMATIC SEALER - Actu-
ated by Filler Operator - NO
EXTRA GIRL NEEDED.

ELEVATORS and CARRIERS

tailored to
individual packing house.

HAYDEN SEPARATOR MFG. CO.

E. C. St. JAQUES

WAREHAM 497-W

R. H. St. JAQUES

Fifteen

We were glad to see "Del"
Hammond, Craige Scott and "Dan"
Rezin of the Wisconsin Cranberry
Sales Company in the Massachu-
setts cranberry area. That is, we
were glad to catch glimpses of
their coattails as they raced about
thisa and thata on their brief
visit.

MORE ABOUT THAT HUGE
CRANBERRY-APPLE PIE?

A shortage of quality white
pine in Plymouth County, Massa-
chusetts, is to be expected within
a few years, Charles Cherry, dis-
trict forester, reported at a recent
meeting. Under present methods
the cutting is twice as fast as the
growth. This is interesting to
growers of that foremost cran-
berry-producing county, as grow-
ers own a deal of woodland.

The cranberry-apple pie con-
test at Union Agricultural meeting,
Worcester, Massachusetts, was of
interest to more than the women
sending pies to compete. In honor
of the contest the Newcomb Bak-
ery of Quincy baked and sent up a
pie that surely was immense. It
was on display in the Hotel Sher-
aton during the day of the main
banquet, and that night was cut
and servings given to all who
wanted to taste it. The next day
that pie, which was five feet in
the remainder was given to the St.
Anne's orphanage in Worcester.

Just consider what went into
diameter, the pie itself weighing

FOR PRE - FABRICATED FLUMES
R. A. TRUFANT

Hydraulic Consultant

Tel. Carver 64-11

Bog Railroads For Sale or Rent

NORTH CARVER, MASS.

485 pounds and being five and
three-quarters inches thick. Three
bushels of apples, half a barrel of
cranberries, 75 pounds sugar, 60
pounds flour, 24 pounds shortening.
It took five hours to bake and nine
hours to cool. When asked how
the pie came safely over the road,
an attendant stated that it was
carefully cushioned and packed in
a delivery truck all by itself, and
in a frame that leveled off as the
truck went up and down hill, so
that the pie was always on the
level. The pie plate was made of
heavy steel and was flown to Quin-
cy from Paducah, Kentucky.

Ray Bates
Again Heads Coos
Cranberry Co-op

Cogs Cranberry Co-op, meeting
at Bandon, Oregon, January 23,
re-elected Ray Bates as president.
Other ofl^icers chosen were: vice-
prcsklent, George V. Cox, who
Succeeds J. K. Baker; E. A. Grant
r.-rlrctsd secretary-treasurer; di-
r: .ors, Reuben Lyons, Coos Bay,
v.n 1 Jess Pullen succeeding Charles
'"*■ Pure and the late Raymond
V/ilson.

Secretary Grant stated the
members had received $4.00 a
quarter for "Fancy Pack", $4.25
for "Extra Fancy". This was not
as much as expected, he said, but
it was conceded that in relation to
prices received in the East it was
very good indeed.

He referred to foundation plans
which at that time were being laid
for better organization and mar-
keting in 1949.

■I

COLLEY
CRANBERRY CO.

SHIPPERS OF
CAPE COD CRANBERRIES

"Suitsus Brand"
Plymouth, Mass.

Office 17 Court St. Tel. Plymouth 1622

Sixteen

Mass. Growers
3f Blues Hold
Annual Meeting

The annual meeting of the
Southeastern Massachusetts Blue-
jerry Growers' Association was
leld at the Plymouth Rock House,
i'lymouth, January 26, with 48 at-
ending. This group now repre-
ents about 100 acres of the culti-
ated blueberries in this state, and
he acreage is increasing. Five
lew members were taken in, mak-
ng a total of nearly 70.

The 1948 officers were re-elect-
d. These included: President, A.
?. Dahlen of East Wareham; vice-
)resident, Walton E. Truran, East
V a r e h a m; secretary-treasurer,
iJlrs. Joseph L. Kelley, East Ware-
lam; directors, Lyman McKenna of
Cingston and George R. Briggs of
lymouth.

The principal speaker was W. A.
farvis, Pemberton, N. J., who spoke
f blueben-y growing in his state,
^rof. J. S. Bailey of Massachusetts
itate College spoke on leaf analy-
lis. J. Richard Beattie, Cranberry
"Extension Specialist, spoke, as did
ilso Dr. F. B. Chandler.

Jersey Meeting
Accents Means of
Increasing Crops

Fohn C. Cutts is Chosen
President o f American
Cranberry Growers' As-
sociaton at Camden.

Sept. 1, 1948

WESTERN PICKERS, INC.
Publishes Excerpts from Its Diary

Aug. 23rd, 1947 Arrived in Mass. with 25 pickers. Found Early

Blacks growing close to ground, and bog bottoms
generally pretty rough. First pickings not very sat-
isfactory. Machine had to be modified to suit Mass.
conditions. Would not demonstrate on State bog
Field Day till pickers could be adjusted. Much
grumbling and criticism, saying that "any picker is
good on the bank."

Sept. 15 Pickers now beginning to gather in the berries.

But growers still skeptical. General feeling that
cranberries are unsuited to mechanical picking —
witness the great number of machines that have
come and gone. Most growers hopeful and willing
to be shown.

Sept. 25 Picker now doing a fair job in competition with

hand scooping, on selected bogs. Many growers now
believe that Western Picker has great promise.

Oct. 7 Western Picker has now been adapted to a lar-

ger variety of bog conditions. Is now competing
favorably with hand scoopers for clean picking, but
damage to vines is an unknown factor. Season ends
with the growers in two camps — those who have
used the picker and are very hopeful, and those who
have heard early rumors and express great doubts.
Arrived in Mass. with more pickers, with grow-
ers still in two camps. Find 90' J of all bogs picked
last year in better shape than adjoining hand
scooped parts.

Sept. 20 Cleaner picking than hand scooping now accept-

ed, but doubts raised about bruising of berries.

Sept. 27 Belt raised above teeth and an idler roll in-

stalled so that conveyor belt does not push berries
down into the teeth spaces. Pruning device dulled,
so not nearly so many vines cut. Users enthusiastic
and beginning to invite demonstrations on their own
bogs.

Oct. 5 Demonstrated that the Western Picker could

pick in water at State Bog.

Oct. 1 1 Growers staking off picked test plots and stor-

ing berries to find out if storage qualities have been
affected. Enthusiasm mounting.

Oct. 20 Growers now demanding actual picking costs

on their own bogs, which range from 21 cents to 75
cents per barrel.

Oct. 27 Growers now report negligible bruising on ear-

lier picked berries and now want machines sold out-
right, rather than on a royalty basis.

Nov. 15 Growers now convinced that mechanical picking-

is the answer to lower production costs. To many,
it's either lower costs, or get out of the cranbeiTy
business.

Dec. 1 Western Pickers Inc. has decided that the ma-

chine is now ready for outright sale and is beginning
to take orders for next year's delivery. The price
to be $1,200.00 with $500 down and $700 payable on
delivery, or $1,100.00 if all paid in advance. Any
bank may refer to FIRST NATIONAL BANK, of .
PORTLAND, ORE., Coos Bay Branch, Coos Bay,
Oregon.

Dec. 15 Many growers who have not seen the Western

Picker are now deciding that if Western Picker is
allowed on so many bogs after two years it must
have something, or it would have been relegated to
the dump befoi-e this.

RECAPITULATION
The Western Picker is a mechanical picker, weighing about 200 lbs., gas-driven
on pneumatic tires, with all elements in contact with the bog and berries, made of
rubber except the prong teeth, which are of metal. It picks an acre in from 6 to 12
hours, depending on a pre-set speed. Its driving mechanism is mostly all stock
parts procurable in all sections of the U, S. A. It is easily moved across ditches,
over dikes, and from bog to bog. One operator will do all the picking on 15 acres
in a season. Its life expectancy is over 10 years, and if future machines vary greatly
from the existing models, growers may expect a fair trade-in value on their old
machines. Parts and service will be available in all cranberry-producing areas having
ten or more pickers in operation, with attendant advice, instruction and service
available.

Address all orders to
WESTERN PICKERS, INC., COOS BAY, OREGON

U. S. D. A. Pathologist, gave the
audience some interesting and val-
uable information in a talk entitled
"Some Factors Affecting Fruit Rot
on New Jersey Bogs".

D. O. Boster, of the N. J. Crop
■ Reporting Service, reported on the
1948 cranberry pioduction, explain-
ing that the decline in the New
Jersey yield from the August esti-
mate of 84,000 bai-rels down to the
67,000 barrel actual yield was due
largely to the extremely high heat
and humidity in late August.

Dr. Firman E. Bear, Chairman
of the Soils Department at Rutgers
University, spoke on "What We
Need to Know About Our Cran-
berry Soils", in which he stressed
the importance of finding out the
nutrient requii'ements of the cran-
berry if yields are to be improved.

After dinner there was a short
business meeting, at which time
the Association passed a resolution
favoring expansion of facilities of
the Department of Horticulture at
Rutgers University.
Officers

The following officers were
elected for 1949:

President, John E. Cutts, Taber-
nacle, N. J.; 1st Vice President,

Vinton N. Thompson, Pemberton,
N. J.; 2nd Vice President, William
S. Haines, Chatsworth, N. J.; Sec-
retary-Treasurer, Charles A. Doeh-
lert, Pemberton, N. J.

Executive Committee:: D. E. Bal-
lard, Hammonton; Joseph H. Pal-
mer, Tuckerton.

Cranberry Industry Committee:
Stanley Switlik, Trenton; Francis
W. Sharpless, Medford; William S.
Haines, Chatsworth.

Following the business meeting
C. A. Doehlert of the N. J. Cran-
berry and Blueberry Research Lab-
oratory, spoke on "Some Practical

Frost Protection and Irrigation . . .

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Write or Phone for FREE Descriptive Literature
with Prices on the foUowine:

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CHRYSLER O. C. D. PUMPING UNITS— 500 g. p. m.
BUDA DIESEL PUMPING UNITS (War Surplus) 1000

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FLEX-O-SEAL LIGHT WEIGHT IRRIGATION PIPE.
"TEXTOLITE" high-pressure, non-coiToding tubing

for surface use, permanent installations or buried

lines.
SPRINKLER HEADS in all sizes, 4 q. P M

(AH items in stock at our Cape Cod Location)

Layouts and Estimates at no obligation. All ea.uipment delivered to the
bog and put into ooeration with our assistance. (Mass. bogs). Our know
how" is based on hundreds of installations on farms and bogs, as well as
operation of this tvpe eouipment to water 200 acres of our own.

VEG-ACRE FARMS, IRRIGATION DIV.

Forestdale, Cape Cod, Mass., off Route 130, at Snake Pond Road by car

Tel. Osterville 719

<l'

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PLYMOUTH
Tel, 740

PETER A. LeSAGE

Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries

YARMOUTH
Tel. Barnstable 107

Eighteen

)etails of Cranberry Soils Re-
earch."
The last speaker on the pro-
ram, Herbert W. Voorhees, Pres-
ient of the New Jersey Farm
lureau, spoke about "Eui-ope as I

Saw It and the Lesson It Can
Teach Us." Though not concerned
with cranberries or cranberry
growing, this talk and the Koda-
chronie slides left the audience
with plenty to think about.

More Than 100
Attend Blue Co-op
Meeting" in Jersey

THOMAS BROTHERS
General Contractors

MIDULEBORO, MASS.

Tel. Middleboro 772

Concrete Flumes and Pumpwells
Transit Mix Concrete

Complete Line of Construction Equipment
Excavating - Grading - Hauling

Leave the Tough Jobs for Us
Our Experience is Your Guarantee

Co-op Sold 314,000 12-Pint
Crates of Jerseys, 52,000
Crates of North Carolinas,
130,000 Crates of Mich-
igans.

The annual meeting of the Blue-
berry Cooperative Association was
held at Pemberton, N. J., on Jan-
uary 14, 1949, with over 100 mem-
bers and guests attending- the
meeting and dinner. Otto Wells
was elected to the Board of Direc-
tors from North Carolina, and
H. B. Scammell, T. H. Budd, Sr.,
Milton V. Reeves, and William S.
Haines of New Jersey were elected
directors for three year terms.
Harold Haines was elected to fill
the unexpired term of the late
Joseph W. Darlington, and W. Al-
bert Jarvis was elected to fill the
unexpired term of Samuel Yar-
nold.

The report of Stanley Coville,

- rrrcCO:?''^

A

<;<£>>

Prevents Hdtdndlemifesf i

Specify and he sure you get

CUPROLIGNUM

to Save Costly Renewals on Flumes
and Headgates

CUPROLIGNUM SHINGLE STAIN

For new clapboards, old stained or new shingles. Can be painted
over if desired.

CUPROLIGNUM COPPER BOTTOM PAINT

with the addition of Cuprolignum gives added resistance to bar-
nacles or teredoes by penetrating the wood cells, depositing toxics
which remain after paint film has completely disintegrated.

New England Representative

ROBERT S. CHASE

195 Marlboro Street Boston 16, Mass.

Manufacturers: RUDD & CUMMINGS, Seattle, Washington

Nineteen

Sales Manager, revealed that the
Co-operative sold 314,000 12-pint
crates of New Jersey berries, 52,-
000 crates of North Carolina ber-
ries. Also, 130,000 crates of Mich-
igan berries of the Michigan Blue-
berry Growers' Association, which
is associated with the Blueberry
Cooperative Association, were
sold under the Tru-Blu label. To-
tal membership in the Association
is 229 members: 23 in North Caro-
lina and 206 in New Jersey.

Marion Allen and Col. King A.
Thompson of the Charles W. Hoyt
Co., Inc., reported on the publicity
and advertising done by them for

the Blueberry Cooperative Asso-
ciation in 1948 and plans for the
coming season.

C. A. Doehlert and P. E. Marucci
of the N. J. Cranberry and Blue-
berry Laboratory spoke briefly
about the breeding habits of the
sharp-nosed leafhopper and the
possibility of reducing its num-
bers in the field by pruning and
cultivating. Evidence indicates
that this leafhopper may be in-
volved in the spreading of stunt
disease.

W. E. Tomlinson, Jr., also of the
Cranberry and Blueberry Labor-
atory, spoke of the 1948 Putnam

Protects Cranguyma!

Protection's^ trom
Frost and Drought
at Cranguyma Forms,

PHOTO COURTESY OF PORTLAND OREGON JOURNAL "-""S ^*'"*'' ^'"''■

Spreading out in an impressive acreage in the great North-
west, Cranguyma Farms at Long Beach, Washington, represents
an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand-
ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000
Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall
whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica-
tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinklers. The distrib-
utor or dealer listed below will be pleased to furnish additional
information upon request.

PACIFIC COAST DISTRIBUTORS

R. M. WADE and CO. ARMCO DRAINAGE & STOUT IRRIGATION INC.
Portland, Oregon METAL PRODUCTS CO. Portland, Oregon

Portland, Oregon

EAST & MIDWEST DISTRIBUTORS

L. R. NELSON MFG. CO.
Peoria, Illinois

MASSACHUSETTS DEALERS
JOSEPH BRECK & SONS IRRIGATION DIVISION VEGACRE FARM
85 State St., Boston, Mass. Forestdale (Cape Cod), Mass.

RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CORP.

Scale infestation, and reported
that plum curculio is taking a con-
siderable toll in some New Jersey
fields now and that it may well
become one of the blueberry grow-
ers' most difl'icult insect problems.

Plymouth County
Club Meetings

The first winter meetings of
Plymouth County Cranberry clubs
were held at the Rochester Grange
hall, January 25, and at Plympton,
January 27.

Dr. H. J. Franklin spoke on di-
sease forecasting to cut the cost
of production of cranberry grow-
ing.

At the meeting at Rochester, E.
C. St. Jacques presided, and at
Plympton, Orrin G. Colley.

A summary of experiments at
the State Bog in 1948 were given.
Dr. F. B. Chandler (as below)
spoke on "Fertilizer and Soil Mois-
ture"; Dr. Chester Cross spoke on
Weed Control".

There was a panel discussion
with Richard Beattie, Extension
Cranberry Specialist, leader. Those
on the panel were Raymond Morse
Francis Butler, Robert Hammond
Francis Merritt, Robert Pierce
Kenneth Beaton, George Short and
Joseph Kelley.

The meetings were called by J
T. Brown, Director Plymouth Coun-
ty Extension, and Lewis F. Nor-
wood, Associate County Agent.

FOR SALE

Approximately 500 ft. 8 inch
used Steel Pine in excellent con-
dition. G. E. HOWES, Tel. 161,
Dennis, Mass.

GLENDORA

CALIFORNIA

Cranberry
Boxes

•

B. H. COLE & CO.

North Carver, Mass.

1707

Twenty

Tractor Tragedies

Tractors top the tragedy list in
le modern farm factory. Within
leir clutching- chain treads, their

dered tangle of gears and levers
id moving parts, is the constant
ireat of injury and death.

Gas Buggy Farmers

American farmers owned more
assenger cars in 1946 than all the
eople of Europe and Africa to-
ether.

Fire Protection
Starts at Home

A good-sized water hole, a tele-
hone, and plenty of hand extin-
uishers conveniently located in
le various buildings are the first
ig steps towrds farm fire protec-
ion.

Fresh from the Fields

(Continued from Page S)

N. J. Blueberry Farmers' Ass'n

The Execeutive Committee of
he New Jersey Farmers' Associ-

ation held its first regular meeting
at the N. J. Cranberry and Blue-
berry Research Laboratory on
January 17th to outline plans. A
committee of five growers was
appointed to cooperate with the U.
S. Department of Agriculture and
the N. J. Agricultural Experiment
Station in the breeding and naming
of new varieties. The committee
is designated as the Blueberry Va-
rieties Committee.

Blueberry Pruning
Blueberry pruning has been al-
most a pleasure. If anywhere
near as many blueberry fruit buds
come through with a crop as is
expected, it looks like a "bumper"
for 1949. The light 1948 crop and
favorable weather during the
growing season have combined to
produce a very heavy set of fruit
buds.

CRANBERRY MARSH

FOR SALE

Plenty of water — 240 acres of
land. Caterpillar dozer, etc.
Two homes, one modern. Rea-
son for selling, ill health.
$20,000.00. Roussopoulos Bros.,
Millston, Wis.

WASHINGTON

Extremely Cold

Temperatures have been the low-
est which D. J. Crowley, director
of the Cranberry-Blueberry Labor-
atory, has experienced in the many
years he has been in Washington.
Recordings as low as 8 above have
been made on some of the bogs.
The cold began at Christmas, was
still continuing at the end of Jan-
uary, and the ground was frozen.
There has been very little snow,

Save Priceless Water

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IRRIGATION AND FROST CONTROL

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No charge for Design and Blueprints to suit your particular
bog.

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TEL. PUTNAM (CONN.) 1917 WEST WOODSTOCK, CONN.

however. Normally at this time
of the year growers are thinking
in terms of primroses and daf-
fodils, as they often bloom in Feb-
ruary, but the cold weather will
have to take to its heels soon, as
the cranberry area will have an-
other belated spring.

Late Spring Affects Size

A late Spring effects the size of
the berries, as it did the 1948 crop.
Washington would have had a
larger crop than it did have if ber-
ries had been of normal size.
Crowley Attends Conferences

Mr. Crowley of Long Beach at-
tended the Western Spray Confer-
ence at Portland, Oregon, in the
latter part of January. At this
meeting were research workers
from Washington, Oregon, Idaho,
California, Montana, Colorado,
Utah, British Columbia. There
were also representatives of the
USD A and some from the chemis-
try divisions to emphasize the leth-
al qualities of some of the new in-
secticides. Mr. Crowley has found
these conferences very informative,
as they give the opportunity of
meeting research workers from
fileds and hearing their problems.

Cranberry Station

(Continued from Page 4)

growers who served on a panel
discuss the topic, "Cutting Produc-
tion Costs." It isn't an easy task
for growers to appear before a
group and relate their experiences
and observations, but we are sure
that the help these men gave us
is greatly appreciated. The dis-
cussion presented by the panel will
be written up by the editor.

Before leaving the topic of cut-
ting production costs, growers will
be interested in another meeting-
held recently at the State Bog. It
apparently is the feeling of many
growers that greater mechaniza-
tion is needed within the industry
as a means of cutting some of
these excessive costs. In fact, the
committee that met in Amherst
during the Production and Outlook
Conference recommended that a
study of this type be undertaken
immediately. However, it was
felt that we should have some
cost studies of certain of our bog
operations as a basis to work
from. Prof. Bradford Grossman,

Twenty-one

of the Farm Management Depart-
ment at the University, met with
a small group of growers to con-
sider the details involved in set-
ting up such studies. This work
will be undertaken very shortly,
and we hope to have some vei^y
valuable information for growers
when completed.

Cranberry History

^Continued from Page 8)

In its June issue, 1831, the NAT-
URALIST, published at 9 Cornhill,

CUT TALL GRASS.
WEEDS...BRUSI)

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around buildings, fields,
under trees, fences,
along road-
sides, and in
light corners.

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Cuts 4 to 6

acres in 8 hrs.

Easy to handle on

rough ground or steep

slopes. Cuts 1'/4"from ground. Rugged.

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BUCKNER SPRINKLERS?

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CO.

1121 WASHINGTON STBEET
WEST NEWTON 66, MASS.

Boston, had a brief article upon
cranberries. In the text the arti-
cle said:

"Mr. Hall of Barnstable, Mass.
has been engaged for twenty
years or more in the cultivation
of this fruit (cranberries), and
his grounds have averaged for
the last ten years seventy bush-
els an acre and some seasons he
has had one hundred bushels."
This account sets the date of his
beginning at least as early as 1812.
The fact that Henry Hall was set
down as of Barnstable and not
Dennis may, it would seem, be set
down as an error in location at the
Boston office of the NATURALIST.
The writer of that date may easily
have been referring to an article in
the Barnstable Journal and loosely
have written Barnstable, rather
than Dennis on the Cape. This
article is reprinted in full in the
May 16 NEW ENGLAND FARM-
ER, which began publication at
Boston in 1822, and for many
years thereafter showed a keen in-
terest in cranberry growing. By
doing this the FARMER (1) did
much to stimulate an interest in
cranberry growing.

(1) — A complete file of the N^vV
ENGLAND FARMER is at tue ..u.i.-y ^
the Massachusetts Horticultural Society,
Boston.

There is no refutation of this
article and the name of nj one else
is brought forth from i,.»y i^a^.ti'
of the FARMER as being worthy
of recognition as cultivating cran-
berries.

Again in an issue dated July 4
of tne same year THE FARMER
quotes from the Barnstable Jour-
nal, issue of May 24, 1832, as fol-
lows:

A particular account of the
method pursued by Mr. Henry
Hall of Dennis was some time
since given in this paper. He
has been engae'ed in the culti-

vation of this fniit upwards (
twenty years, and his grounc
have averaged about sevent
bushels per acre usually. M
Hall practices taking the plan'
from their natural situation i
autumn, with balls of earth aboi
their roots, and setting thei
three or four feet distant froi
each other. In the course of
few years they spread out ar
cover the whole surface of tl
ground, requiring no other cai
thereafter, except keeping tl
grounds so well drained as
prevent water from standir
over the vines.

Here is definite acknowled;
ment in the only newspaper pi
lished in his home county of
achievements, definitely sett
forth his cultural methods and g;
ing a rough crop record and rou:
ly setting the date of his beg
ning. Furthermore this ackm
ledgement is republished in a B
ton agricialtural publication
standing, and so given wide cir
lation. And again no claim is
forward for any other cranbe
cultivator. There is no dispi
discoverable as to Henry Hai
priority or to the giving of crt'
to him in the early days of
growing.

Half a century later in 18"
V, nen cranberry growing wa:
thriving industry, there is furt
tiiid more definite corroboration!
the date of his beginning and
more detailed description of
methods and of his crops. 1
source of this information is of
very best, coming from one of ■
most successful Cape growe
This man was Capt. Cyrus Cahtt
of Pleasant Lake, developer of
Early Black variety, and dur
his long life there was no soum
authority on all phases of cr.
berry growing or more reputai
authority than Cyrus Cahoon. 1

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

17 Court St.
Plymouth, Mass.

BOG MANAGEMEN'

Tels: Plymouth 1621
Klncston 311

If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it willl
pay you to see us.

A number of properties available, more wanted.

Twenty-two

information is not given directly
by him, however, but comes in an
address before the annual conven-
tion of the American Cranberry
Growers Association at New Jer-
sey. The speaker was Oliver M.
Holmes, of Mashpee on the Cape.
Mr. Holmes was a Boston man,
who came to the Indian village of
Mashpee as a sportsman, but quick-
ly established large interests there
as a cranberry grower. At the
time he gave this address Mr.
Holmes was a very active member
of the Cape Cod Cranberry Grow-
ers' Association and a leader in
many cranberry activities.

This address is recorded in the
Eleventh (11) Annual American
Cranberry Growers' Association,
Tuesday, August 28, 1883, and in
his talk Mr. Holmes said he ob-
tained his information from Cap-
tain Gaboon. In giving this ac-
count Mr. Holmes apparently fore-
goes any intention of crediting any
other grower than Henry Hall with
being the pioneer, either in his own
or any other section of the Cape,
or for that matter anywhere else
in Massachusetts. Also it may be
noted as far as the Proceedings go

there was no dispute of the facts
by any New Jersey grower. His
address follows:

A More Detailed Account

In 188.S, 0. M. Holmes told the
American Cranberry Growers' As-
sociation at New Jersey that this
was how cranberry cultivation had
started.

"In the year 1810 Mr. Henry
Hall of North Dennis was, with
other lands, the owner of about
two acres of lovi', swampy ground,
which was covered with water in
Winter, but was mostly dry in
Summer, on which there grew
various kinds of weeds and wild
grasses, together with some few
bushes.

"On the northeasterly pai't of
the lot, nearest the ocean, some
few cranberry vines grew in a
wild state, and as they were very
near a beach knoll, the north-
easterly gales of Winter would
blow the loose beach sand from
thi.s knoll on the vines, and. par-
tially cover them up. Mr. Hall
noticed for a few years that
whenever the vines were partial-
ly covered with this sand which
had blown on them that the vines
grew luxuriantly, and at the fore-
going date Mr. Hall fenced in a
few rods to prevent his cattle
from tramping over them, and
found that the vines ran out and

extended over the sand rapidly,
and were very productive. In a
few years after this it occurred
to his mind that possibly he
might extend his cranberi-y
patch; notwithstanding the ridi-
cule of his neighbors, he trans-
planted a few sods of vines in
the shallow water and mud. As
the water dried away the vines
grew rapidly and spread all
about, to his great astonishment.
The next Spring he cut and
transplanted more with the same
success, and so continued the fol-
lowing Springs until he was sat-
isfied in his own mind that it
would be best for him to dig
through his other lands and drain
this low, swampy ground. This
he no longer hesitated to do, and

MATHEWS

CONVEYOR

and

TRACK

Frost Insecticide Co.

Box 36
ARLINGTON, 74

MASS.

New England Cranberry Sales Company

Packers of

The ONLY BRAND of fresh Cranberries NATIONALLY adver-
tised for THIRTY YEARS.

THE CRANBERRY GROWERS' COOPERATIVE

ORGANIZED IN 1907

9 Station Street

Middleboro, Mass.

Twenty-three

after draining and transplanting
as heretofore, he was very suc-
cessful, and his vines proved to
be of the right sort.

"He enlarged his 'bog' suffic-
iently so that in 1820 he raised
thirty barrels and shipped them
to Nevv' York, where he found a
ready market; and yet, Mr. Hall
only managed to do what has
been stated above until his death,
which occurred in 1850. This
can even hardly be called culti-
vation, and yet this was the way
in which the cultivation of cran-
berries was brought about on
Cape Cod.

"After the death of Mr. Henry
Hall, his son Hiram took his
father's place and was a success-
ful grower."
Early Deeds and Tax Records
Directly substantiating the as-
sertions that Hiram Hall carried
on the cranberry interests begun
by his father is a deed recorded at
the Barnstable Registry of Deeds.
This deed, dated March 1, 1834, is
from Henry Hall and one Elisha
Doane of Yarmouth and it gives
Hiram title to:

A certain parcel of bush and
cleared land and swamp and cran-
berry ground bounded on the
north by the sea and containing
by estimate, 20 acres, together
with dwelling house, barn, all
outbuildings, salt works and salt

house "

This would corroborate the
story that Henry Hall and his son
engaged in cranberry growing to-
gether, after Henry had first be-
gun, and that as he felt himself
growing older he transferred his
property with his cranberry bog
to his second son.

The year he passed the deed,
1834, Henry is taxed for one-third
of 22 acres of cleared land, one-
third of buildings, one-third of 800
feet of salt works, and one-third
of "cranberry yard." This is the
first assessment for cranberry
property which can be found in
any town in Barnstable County.
His total tax is $1.60. Hiram's
tax that year is for two-thirds of
the cleared land, two-thirds of the
buildings, two-thirds of the salt
works and two-thirds of "cranberry

yard", eight acres of cleared land,
six and one-quarter acres of wood-
land, 500 feet of salt works, and
a cow, owning these later items in
whole.

There is a coincidence there in
the fact that in the year he deeded
cranberry ground he is also taxed
for cranberry "yard". Possibly
this transfer of land specifically
calling attention to "cranberry

ground" caused the assessors to
place a value upon it.

There is still further significance
in the year 1834 and cranberries
in Dennis. That is the year when
cranberries first appear in the town
records. This year the town votes
that Gamiel Howes be authorized
an agent to rent out the "cranberry
lands" near Kiah's pond, so called.
This is the same Kiah's Pond, or

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Tel. Wareham 130 or 970

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Twenty- four

ilack Earth" to which salt rights
id been granted from the com-
on lands there.

Conjecture could be made upon
lis coincidence that Dennis towns-
!ople had become aware of the
•ct that cranberry land was val-
ible enough to "rent out" and so
vare of this value may have been
d to assess Henry and his son
iram, or because they were
vare of the value of his lands it
as so decided the natural eran-
;rry lands at Kiah's pond could
; made to provide assistance to
le town treasury.

Of these events of a century ago
■cords reveal no more than these
icts, whatever their relation one
I another.

From this year on until 1850,
hen Henry died May 7th, the
ixes in regard to the cranberry
)g remain the same. Henry is
ixed one-third, Hiram two-thirds,
enry at his death left no will.
he following year Hiram is as-
!ssed for the entire cranberry
ard. During this period from
534 to 1850 there is unaccount-
3ly but a single other tax for
■anberry property. This begins
I 1837 when Alexander Howes is
isessed.

That the "cranberry yard" for
hich Henry and Hiram were
ixed was the bog later known as
jram's seems far more probable
lan that it was the spot by the
lore of "Miry" or "Hiram's"
and. Tradition has it firmly,
owever, that it was on the west
nd north sides of this pond in

planting never exceeding a quar-
!r acre that Henry made his first
tperipients. Possibly he extended
is experiments to the other loca-
on and in his cranberry growing
lere Hiram assisted later. Around
lis bog are remnants of a rail
ince. At the pond there is no
ign of ditching or other work, but

few cranberry vines grow still.

Of Henry the man, little more
as come down. At his death the
iarnstable Patriot merely record-
d his demise, adding "Revolution-
ry War Veteran."

(Note: In next month's installment
lere will be further proof that Henry
[all was indeed the pioneer, but with
nother version of how the sand got
moncr the wild vines. Also the account
f other earliest growers. It is the
Titer's hope that if any misstatements
re noted in this history they will be
ailed to his attention for correction.)

r

CONTROL

Cranberry Root Grubs
White Grubs • Chokeberry
Wbite Violets •Loosestrife
Poison Ivy •Small Bramble
Tbree Square Grass • Wild Bean

use ^

S 0 L V AY m

PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE

The Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station
Charts recommend Para-dichlorobenzene for treating
Root Grubs, White Grubs, Chokeberry, Poisorvlvy and Wild
Bean. For best results, bogs should be treated in April or
early May. Write for details.

SOLVAY PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE

FOrfREATING CRANBERRY BOGS

is distributed by

THE CRANBERRY TRADING POST

• Plymouth, Mass.

• Onset, Mass.

• North Harwich, Mass.

• Bordentown, New Jersey

cnitllW euro nilllPinU allied chemical & dye i;uHKUK«iiur

SOLVAY SALES DIVISION 4$ milk striet. boston 9. mass

A Big Season ...

...A Long Season

It's over now, but the 1948-49 fresh cranberry season was really
something in length, volume and competitive selling. We were selling
fresh cranberries well into February, the latest we have had any volume
to sell in many years. It is our estimate that total sales on the fresh
market exceeded last year by approximately 180,000 barrels.

PLAN AHEAD

These are good omens. Growers who plan ahead will profit by the
change. Those who grow and pack fresh market quality will benefit
most.

MORE THAN EVER

The American Cranberry Exchange, the fresh cranberry cooper-
ative, can serve you now as never before. So join your neighbors in co-
operating for orderly marketing and profit through

The American Cranberry Exchange, Inc.

The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative
U. S. Department of Agriculture, License No. 1

Marketers of

Eatmor
Cranberries

Chicago

New York

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lEW JERSEY
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OREGON
WASHINGTON

is:^eiSMsdsB^mm^ieBiiesiasa«m3

THOMAS HALL, who set vines at Dennis. Cape Cod. in 1813. (Note: This is not Henry Hall

Story of cranberry cultivation, pajje 12.

30 Cents

March, 1949

DIRECTORY^ FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREHAM 162

S. C. M. Packard & Co.

Hardware — Locksmiths
For Maintenance Supplies

Let Us Handle

Your Power Needs

for Bog Pumps

International Harvester

and

Continental Red Seal

Industrial Engines

SALES and SERVICE

J. M. HACKETT

Tel. Rockland 1864
NO. HANOVER MASS.

EztenBive Experience in
ELECTRICAL WORK

At Scr««nhoua««, Boss and
Pumps Msans SatisfactloB

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WAJtEHAM, MASS. Tal. 616

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Marinette, Wisconsin

BOXES. BOX SHOOKS. CRATING
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M & M's 64th Year

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An Ad

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WAREHAM, MASS.
Est. 1891 Tel. Wareham 108

PIONEERS RETAILERS OF
BUILDING MATERIALS

CATERING To The CRANBERRY
INDUSTRY

LUMBER DRAIN PIPE

WOOD PRESERVERS BOLTS

TOOLS

BEES

RENTALS

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West Abington, Mass.

H. R. Bailey Co.

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Massachusetts

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

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Morris April Bros,

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Apples

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GROWERS AND
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Tel. Wareham 648

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Paints - Hardware

Attention
Cranberry
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We have

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Tel. Wareham 794

Mail Address: Buzzards Bay, RFD

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Electric Company

Offices:

Chatham

Falmouth
Hyannis

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Hall & Cole

Incorporated

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

94 Faneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON, MASS.

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES
SPECIALTIES

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Engine Driven Generators

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Power Mowers
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Attention
Bog Owners

Why Not Subscribe
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Funds always available for sound loans

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Mass. Cranberry
Station and Field Notes

by J. RICHARD BEATTIE
Extension Cranberry Specialist

The 1949 Insect, Disease, and
Weed Control Charts have been re-
cently mailed to the growers
through the county agricultural
agents' offices. Extra copies are
available upon request. Consider-
able time and thought is involved
in revising these charts annually
with special efforts toward im-
proving their usefulness. In spite
of the combined efforts of growers
and the Experiment Station per-
sonnel who work on these charts,
they have slowly increased in size
over a period, of years. Someone
suggested that if this condition
continues we will have to use them
as a scroll in the near future. In
any event, it seems in order to dis-
cuss some of the major changes
found in the new charts.

New Insect-Disease Chart Ready

Before discussing the new Insect
and Disease Chart, the writer
would like to remind the growers
that Dr. H. J. Franklin's new In-
sect Bulletin No. 445 entitled,
"Cranberry Insects in Massachu-
setts" is finally ready for distribu-
tion. This long-awaited publica-
tion containing the colored plates
of many insects will fit a real
need in the cranberry industry. It
is beautifully illustrated, clearly
presented, and a real tribute to its
author — Dr. Franklin. If you do
not have your copy, contact your
county agricultural agent at once
since the growing season is prac-
tically here. Careful reading of
this bulletin will greatly Increase
the effectiveness of the Insect
Chart.

It should be understood that
these charts serve merely as ^
guide. The dates listed are set for
as near normal years as possible.
When two or more treatments are
listed, they are arranged in order
of effectiveness. Timeliness and.
thoroughness of the application,

Four

plus a knowledge of the insect and
disease to be controlled, are the
keys to the success of these charts.
With 'this in mind, let us turn to
the Root Grub and White Grub
listed first in the Insect Chart. You
will note that the flooding treat-
ment is given first place this year.
Under "Remarks", we have pointed
out the necessity of keeping the
ditches empty after letting off the
water early in April. The re-flood
period should be made from about
May 12 and held to until July 15-20,
which adds a few days to the flood,-
ing period and is expected to in-
crease the effectiveness of this
treatment.

False Army and Blossom Worm

is next, with the flooding treat-
ment in first place. It should be
noted that wherever practical the
flooding treatments throughout the
chart have been moved into first
place in order to reduce operational
costs. The section on Weevils
(Snout Bettle) saw major changes
this year. An extra treatment for
mid-July has been added, recom-
mending the use of a lO'/r DDT
Dust. In order to determine the
true abundance of this insect, it is
recommended that the insect net
be used on a warm day when the
temperature is over 70° F. After
considerable discussion, it was fin-
ally decided that over 10 weevils
in 50 sweeps of the insect net calls
for treatment as pointed out in the
"Note" at the bottom of the Insect
Chart. Growers will also see that
the weevil which caused so much
damage this past year is printed
in the chart bold-faced type along
with root grub, gypsy moth, and
major insects. The Rose Bloom
section finds a special note under
"Remarks" stating that it has been
observed that the root grub flow
seems to completely eradicate this
disease.

You will not find the Red-stripe
Fireworm in this chart. This set
tion was eliminated since this pes
has been of little consequence c
late years. However, a section o
Fruit Rots was inserted in its place
It should have been included in pas
charts. Growers are urged to rea
this section carefully. We shoul
also keep in mind Dr. Franklin
forecast on Keeping Quality whic
will be made about June 1. Thos
present at recent club meetings wi
remember that Dr. Franklin state
there are many years when it i
questionable whether wholesa:
spraying or dusting for fruit-rot
pays dividends, so it would be we
to follow his forecast carefull;
Spittle Insect required special ai
tention this year. A third treat
ment added recommending the us
of a DDT Spray as outlined on th
chart. The Spotted and Black Cm
worms and Army Worm finds
new treatment listed, using a 5'
DDT Dust. The use of a bait wa
thought impractical for this insec
and was eliminated in this year
chart. The final section includes
special treatment for the Fair 1
Ring disease, which is a new add j
tion to the chart. Growers ai I
urged to read carefully the Sun- i
mary of Pest Control Recommer
dations. The so-called, blanke
controls are included in this sun-
mary.

Weed Control Chart

The Weed Chart, one of a fe\
of its type in the country come
in for its share of discussion. Th
introductory section on Genera
Comments on Weed Control wa I
very carefully prepared and con j
tains vital information which add
to the effectiveness of this parti [
cular chart. However, we still nee j
to spend considerably more tim j
in the identification of our weed^
A new section under "Genera
Comments" was added by Dr. C. E
Cross. It is listed under No. 5-
Bogs re-flowed for grubs, pointin;
out that there is danger in usinj
chemicals the same year of the roo
grub flow.

A. Iron Sulphate. The com
ments preceding the recommenda
tions for individual weeds ar(
especially called to your attention
You will see under "Hair Cai
Moss" that iron sulphate is recom-

(Cnntinued on Pa?e 23)

Issue of March. 1949 — Vol. 13. No. 11

T> .1- I, J ™«„»>.1v «f The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscription, »8.00 per year.

ntereda's second-class matfer January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham. Massachusetts, under the Act of March 8. 187».

RESH FROM THE FIELDS

Compiled by C. J. H.

lASSACHUSETTS

March Begins Rough

March snarled in with the tiadi-
onal roar of a lion, riding what
as described as the worst blizzard
f the winter. This began on the
rst and extended into the second,
[arch 3rd the weather cleared with

minimum of 20 degrees in the
lorning as recorded at the Massa-
husetts State Bog. In the Wiz-
ard 6.75 inches of snowfall was re-
orded at the State Bog, while other
ommunities in Southern New Eng-
md. reported a foot.

The snow covered the whole
ranberry area driven by winds

rom 40 to 50 miles an hour.

* « * « «

February Warm

This unexpected crack from Old
,Ian Winter followed a warm Feb-
uary, preceded by unusually warm
anuary and December. So warm
vas the weather that crocus and
ither flowers were in bloom at the
nonth's end, while ordinarilly they
lo not bloom on the Cape until
\pril. Rainfall for February was
).93 inches and snowfall 4.06. The
:oldest day was 4 above on the 12th
ind the warmest 58 on the 16th.

Middleboro, with the many bogs
n that area, had 14.6 inches of
mow during February. The tem-
peratures as recorded, at the Mid-
dleboro pumping station were much
higher than the corresponding
month last year. Maximum was 61
on the 15th, minimum, 2 above on
the 12th; the mean for the month
32.34.

Sunshine for the month of Feb-
ruary (as reported at Boston) was
169 hours, against a normal of 166.
Temperatures ran about five de-
grees a day above the normal.
While the sunshine factor may not

be of any great significance in next
year's crop, in the opinion of Dr.
Chester E. Cross, he said it "cer-
tainly didn't hurt, any," and the
fact that bogs had open water most
of the time was decidely advanta-
geous from the oxygen deficiency
standpoint.

WISCONSIN

Water Short

Spring was coming along fairly
well in March and the melting
snows were adding some to the
water supplies. Not enough was
being added to the reservoirs, how-
ever, and spring rains were very
much desired to bring the reser-
voirs up to a normal. Growers feel
almost certain if this d.oes not
occur, in the natural course of
events, there will be spring frost
damage. The last few dry years
have taken a tremendous toll of

sub-surface supplies.
* « « * «
New Acreage
New acreage that will be planted
this spring will be much more
limited than in the past few years.
An estimate has been given that it
is doubted if as much as 100 acres
are planted. It even looks as if
less would be set out in 1950 as
most growers are making no plans
whatever to expand, and practically
no outside interest is coming into
Wisconsin at the present time.
There is much interest in how new
bogs will produce in 1949. They
will not have much bearing on the
total crop, but some 3 year old bogs
have produced 100 bbls. to the acre.
There is much interest in pre-
packaging as in other areas, and
Vernon Goldsworthy has estimated
that at least 80 percent of the '49
Wisconsin will be "cello".

Less Ice Sanding

Winter sanding was below aver-
age. Bad weather was partially to
blame, plus the fact sanding opera-
tions have been heavy the past few
years.

Goldsworthy has purchased from
Roy and Dean Pease the marsh
they had at Three Lakes, a new
development. There were 15 acres
scalped, but not planted, and
"Goldy" expects to get ready for

planting this season.

« * « * »

Personal

Miss Jean Nash, as has been her
custom for a number of years spent
her vacation at Sun Valley, Idaho.

The D. C. Hammond, Jr., family,
which has had consid.erable illness
since it moved to Wisconsin, now
has the chicken pox. As Mr. Ham-
mond himself has never had this,
he was in fear he might contract it.

NEW JERSEY

Temperatures

Temperatures at Pemberton
were well above normal during
February, making this a winter
of record or near record mildness.
Progs were heard peeping as early
as the 14th of the month. The
highest temperatures occurred on
the 15th, when 75° was recorded at
the laboratory, and the coldest
was on the 12th, when 8° was
recorded in the shelter. The de-
parture from the monthly mean
of 33.6° was an excess of 6°.

The season is at least a month
ahead of normal in South Jersey.
"Peepers" were heard as early as
February 14, and by the end of
the month forsythia was blooming
in sheltered locations. The snow
and cold on the last day should

(Continued on Page 16)

Five

Marketing Arrangement Between National,
Exchange and Possibly Some
Independents Seems Merging

Meeting at New York March 17th, following a Long Series
of Previous Sessions. Moves Success Nearer — ACE to
Sell Al Fresh Fruit of Both Co-ops, NCA to Handle All
Processed — Independents May Come in Under "Cran-
berry Growers Council", If They Wish.

On March 17 a meeting of rep-
resentatives of the American
Cranberry Exchange, National
Cranberry Association, with oth-
ers, at the Hotel Commodore, New
York, nearly brought to conclu-
sion a marketing program which
it is hoped will benefit the entire
industry. This group formed what
will be known as the "Organiza-
tion Committee" to develop the
"Cranberry Growers' Council",
which will co-ordinate marketing
operations of both co-ops and in-
dependent growers who wish to
become members of the Council.

All details have not as yet been
ironed out, despite this and preced-
ing meetings, but the feeling that
an eventual plan benefitting the
entire industry, the wholesaler,
retailer and consumer will be
worked out through more orderly
marketing, prevails.

Those attending the meeting-
represented each of the two major
cranberry co-ops. From Massa-
chusetts were J. C. Makepeace,
Ellis D. Atwood and Carl Urann,
NCA; George H. Cowan, presi-
dent New England Cranberry
Sales Co., Homer Gibbs and A. D.
Benson, general manager; from
New Jersey, Theodore H. Budd,
Isaac Harrison, NCA, J. Rogers
Brick and "Burt" Haines, ACE;
Wisconsin, Charles L. Lewis, Guy
Potter, NCA, Harold Delong and
Vernon Goldsworthy, Wisconsin
Cranberry Sales Co. There were
also John M. Quarles, attorney for
NCA, Carl Loos, attorney for
ACE, Chester A. Chaney and E.
Clyde McGrew of ACE.

The objective of the new plan is
stressed as co-operative marketing
under a single comprehensive pro-
gram of the largest possible per-
centage of cranberries grown in
the United States. A primary
duty of the Growers Council will

Six

be to conduct orderly and effective
marketing of all cranberries pro-
duced by its members. The plan,
as is well known, in brief is this:
that all fresh berries of ACE and
NCA, and of such "independents"
as wish to join the Cranberry
Growers Council shall be marketed
through ACE and under the "Eat-
mor" brand and that all processed
fruit of the members of both co-
ops and such independents as join
will be processed and sold through
NCA under the "Ocean Spray"
brand. Sub-brands may be used
so that a grower who has an es-
tablished name will not lose his
identity.

The two marketing agencies are
to continue to operate in their re-
spective fields without any sub-
stantial change in present finan-
cing and general policies. All
members of ACE will be "A"
members of ACE and become "B"
members of NCA by acquiring at
least one share of capital stock,
par value, $25. These "B" mem-
bers will be enabled to vote for
three NCA directors. All mem-
bers of NCA will become "A"
members of NCA, and "B" mem-
bers of ACE upon the payment of
membership fee of $1.00 and be
entitled to vote for three ACE di-
rectors.

Growers who on Dec. 1," 1948,
were not members of either NCA
or ACE may be entitled to become
members of Growers Council and
will become "C" members in both
of the co-ops.

The council will be incorporated
and coordinate the activities of its
members and exercise such powers
as are contained in its charter and
by-laws. It will operate on the
one-man, one-vote principal. The
class "A" members of the council
will be two each from Massachu-
setts and Wisconsin, one from

New Jersey, one from the We
Coast. This will give both AC
and NCA six members each. Cla
"C" members shall be entitled
elect members of the Governii
Board in a number to be dete
mined by the aggregate of the
crops for the year preceding the
election to membership.

This final step carrying aloi
the proposal for better marketit
conditions came about throuj
votes taken by directors of NC
at a meeting in New York Ja
uary 28 at whiih directors of NC
voted confirmation, and of fv
membership meetings of the uni
which make up ACE. That Ne
York meeting, also attended by d
rectors of ACE, followed sever
other meetings by these directo
and also some independents, calh
by the "stearing" committee.
All ACE Units Adopt Proposa
Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Con
pany was the first to vote on tl
proposed new arrangement, takir
unanimous favor on February 1
New England Cranberry Sali
Company, at a special all-da
meeting at Carver Town Hal
February 25th unanimously vote
to approve the plan as recommenc
ed and adopted by the Boards c
Directors at the New York meei
ing. About 170 attended thi
meeting, one of the largest al
tendances of NESCO on recort
The membership of this bigges
unit of ACE had many question
to ask Mr. Benson, and he ex
plained the plan in minute detail
using a graph about 8 by 4 feel
showing the proposed inter-rela
tionship of the two national organ
izations. Previous to the meetin;
all members had been given print
ed copies which gave the outline
of the plan.

On that same evening member:
of the Growers' Cranberry Com
pany, in a meeting at Pemberton
New Jersey, also voted unanimous
ly to endorse the plan. The fourtl
and newest unit of ACE, the Coos
Cranberry Cooperative meeting at
Bandon, Oregon, stretched tht
approval across the nation for
ACE members, making the proposal
completely unanimous.

That this long series of meet-
ings, considering the carefully-
drawn up plans and proposals has

(Continued on Pas:e 18)

Scald

By RUSSELL A. TRUFANT

The average cranberry grower,
li New England at least, uses the
erm "scald" in a very loose man-
ler. Any soft berries observed on
he bog or in the boxes when
. licked are referred to as scalded,
n my early days as a grower, I
i-as taught that hot sun on wet
ines generated a steam that scald-
d the berries; that was what made
oft berries. Today we know that
here is no such steam that cooks
he berries on the vines. Yet the
Id-timers had good reasons to be-
ieve in this steam. What were
hey? And what was the error?
The most striking instance I re-
!all was that on a certain bog the
rrower had sanded and fertilized
ind secured an excellent set of
jerries; the new growth continued
md shaded the berries; the weath-
er turned hot and moist; result,
>very berry scalded. That sounds
ike a steam action, to be sure,
ifet we know today that the cause
nust have been an early rot
A'hich found the conditions of
;hade, warmth and moisture excel-
ent for rapid development and
■pread.

Perhaps it would be well to re-
dew the presently-accepted causes
3f soft berries on the bog, and the
suggested precautions against
them. First of all, let us rule out
berries with worm-holes in them,
and those mechanically injured by
hail, footsteps, etc., as well as
those chemically injured by weed
treatments, sprays, etc. Almost
any grower will recognize these the
second time. That leaves us with
damage caused by water, drouth,
(heat, cold, and fungi. The old fa-
miliar buzz-saw: which tooth did
the dirty work?

Water will drown berries by
suffocating them, just as it would
you or me. The action is fairly
rapid in the early stages of the
ben-ies, but very slow in matured
berries. A few hours submergence
in early August is worse than a
week in November. The indicated
precaution is to avoid summer
storm flooding and prolonged early
Fall frost flows. Keep the water
from coming in from upstream and

downstream; pump off the water
you cannot keep out or drain out.
Drowning is the only recognized
water injury, except as water aids
and spreads fungus infection, re-
ferred to later.

Drouth
Drouth in extreme instnces may
wither both fruit and vine, while
in milder cases the result may not
be noticeable on the vines, but the
fruit is stunted or retarded. Com-
plications such as grub injury to
the root system may increase the
severity of drouth. Fertilizer may
increase the plant's reliance on
surface roots so that damage re-
sults when only the top layer of
the sand is dry. The precaution is
to supply water when needed. On
most bogs this means sprinkling;
raising the ditchwater is ineffective
on heavy mud bottom, and on out-
of-level bogs means drowning the
lower berries to save the higher
ones.

Heat, aside from its help to fun-
gus growth, damages berries much
as it damages us. Partial sunburn-
ing results in the brown scab spots
so noticeable in the 1948 area.
Complete overheating leaves a soft
berry like a frosted bei'ry. The
precaution is in sprinkling. The
idea is that the evaporation of
water from wet bottom or vines
reduces the temperature of the
berries, for as long as rapid evap-
oration continues. Flash-flooding
at night may be effective, but car-
ries with it the danger of drown-
ing the berries (see above) and
may increase fungus trouble.
Sprinkling may be done without
regard to sun, moon, wind, clock,
or anything else. This has become
standard practice on the Pacific
Coast, and has been done here by
the writer this past season. There
was no sign of injury by "steam",
lens action, or anything else to
worry about. Even where the
sprinkled area "feathered out" in-
to unsprinkled bog, there was no
water damage. I only wish I had
started earlier and done more.

It might be well to speak of an-
other form of damage by heat or
drouth (or both) which Dr. Frank-
lin and Dr. Cross described to us a
year ago. This takes the form of a
lowering of the resistance of the
berry to damage from other causes;

the berries suddenly "go to pieces"
in storage or shipment, without
having given any previous indica-
tions of poor keeping quality. New
England's experience with the 1948
crop indicates that we have much to
learn about this damage. After
heat and drouth, the Blacks kept
excellently, the Howes poorly. This
may indicate a difference in resist-
ance due to variety, or it may mean
that berries are susceptible to this
damage only in one short stage in
development. There may have been
enough moisture when the Blacks
passed thru this stage, but not
enough when the Howes reached
that point. At any rate, the pres-
ent indication is that the way to
avoid the trouble is to provide
enough moisture at the right time.
Frost
Damage by cold (frost) is too
well known to need any description.
We all want to protect by flowing
or, more recently, sprinkling. Note
that drowning along ditchbanks is
almost indistinguishable from frost
damage itself. You may have both
the same night.

Fungus damage has long been
recognized by our experiment sta-
tion men, and the growers have
shown an increasing intei'est. We
owe much to the studies and writ-
ings of Dr. Neil E. Stevens (see
USDA Tech. Bui. 258 and Bui. 402
"Weather in Cranberry Culture"),
and to the later work of Dr. H. F.
Bergman, among many others. The
fungus rots which show up before
picking are referred to as field rots
or early rots. Damage is increased
by excessive fertilizing, heavy
vines, reflowing, combination of
heat and moisture, and especially
by a warm spring. It is reduced
by (1) absence or reversal of these
conditions, and possibly by (2) in-
creasing the phosphorus content of
any fertilizer application, and by
(3) late holding of the winter flood
and by (4) direct fungicidal treat-
ment. This means the Fermate
ground spray which has been found
effective in Massachusetts if treat-
ments are propei'ly timed and ap-
plied.

Late holding may be practiced
as often as two years out of three
provided it does not cause exces-
sive vine growth. The bog can be
drained in April and then reflowed

Seven

without material effect, to kill scum
and do bog work. Allow me to
present this i-ule for safe exposure:
in April, the first twenty days or
the middle fifteen or the last ten,
or five days at the first of May.
Be ready to protect from frost.

Of course the time to identify
the cause of any damage is just
after it occurs, while the memory
of the recent weather is still fresh
in mind. A mummy or a squashed
berry tells few tales as to the
cause. Better still, watch your
weather and combat unfavorable
conditions as they arise. A soft
berry in the picking box means
that you failed to do enough of the
right thing at the right time, or
you did too much of the wrong
thing.

To remedy or avoid a trouble, the
first necessary step is to identify
correctly the cause. Since there is
no such thing as scald, in the com-
mon, steamy sense of the term, the
man who says "I hadda lotta scald
this year" is likely to have similar
trouble year after year. The man
who says "I let my berries over-
heat this year", instead, will at
least think about avoiding that
trouble in the future.

The Growers of
Canada Enjoyed
Good Prices

still Market Much Wild
Fruit, But Cultivate in
Nova Scotia, New Bruns-
wick, Quebec, and P. E.
Island.

While United States growers of
cranberries were considerably dis-
satisfied with prices received from
last fall's crop, the cranberry men
of neighboring Canada received
prices which probably averaged
not far from S30.00. The produc-
tion was small, however, being es-
timated by E. L. Eaton, Horticul-
turist (native fruits) as 8,088
bbls. This figure would be only
for Nova Scotia, which produced
an estimated 5,628 barrels, selling
at an average of $28; New Bruns-
wi'jk and Prince Edward Island.
There are no Government statis-

Eifht

tics, as the Canadian Federal gov-
ernment considers cranberries too
small for crop reporting service.

One very attractive pack put up
in Nova Scotia sold for about $30
a bbl. in Toronto, and a few ship-
ments from New Brunswick which
hit the Christmas trade in Mon-
treal brought from $8.00 to $10.00
a box. In all the coastal regions
from Yarmouth (Nova Scotia) to
Labrador wild cranberries are
found and are gathered for mar-
ket in considerable quantity. Ac-
curate figures are hard to get.
For one thing it is impossible to
know how many are picked for
home use and local sales.

Could Have Used U. S. Fruit

It was said that many consum-
ers were unable to buy cranberries
and there is no doubt that dealers
would have welcomed the usual
supply from Cape Cod. The last
year of imports from the United
States which is available was 1946,
and this showed a figure of 1,972,-
010 pounds, with a value of $530,-

529. Imports of cranberries froi
the U. S. within the past yes
were forbidden, as they wei
classed as non-essentials, and wit
Canada buying a great deal moi
in dollar value from the Unite
States than the United States wa
buying from Canada, preferenc
was given to commodities whic
under trade arrangements wer
considered more important.

Greatest acreage of cranberr
production is centered in Nov
Scotia, estimated at 525; the larg
est single bog in Canada is th
Laro;que bog near Drummondt
ville in the Province of Quebec
British Columbia is now growin
a few barrels, with acreage est
mated at 100 or perhaps muc
less.

CRANBERRIES is indebted t
Mr. Eaton of the Department c
Agriculture, Experimental Statioi
Kentville, Nova Scotia, for th
foregoing information and for th
following table, all of which, h
says, however, can only be consic
ered as estimates.

IC

r(

111

le

ESTIMATED ACREAGE AND

PRODUCTION IN

1948

Yield

Frost

Net

Price

Province

Acreage

bbls.

loss

crop

per. bb

Nova Scotia (Planted Boes)

B25

5625

%
30

393S

28.0

Nova Scotia (Natural Bogs)

500

BOO

25.0

New Brunswick (Planted Bogs)

10

300

300

New Brunswick (Natural Bogs)

1700

1700

27.0

Prince Edward Island

(Planted Bogs)

6

ISO

150

Prince Edward Island

(Natural Bogs)

1500

1500

25.0c

Total

S0S8

■f

|i:i'

Weed Control Experiments of 1949

Can be of Value in Practices of 1949

by DR. CHESTER E. CROSS (Mass. Cranberry Station)

Economy in bog maintenance has
become a necessity to Cape Cod
cranberry growers in 1949. For
this reason, it is thought advisable
to inform growers of the results
of some of the 1948 weed, control
research — results which have been
sufficiently verified to warrant spe-
cific recommendation in the 1949
Weed Control Chart. It is hoped
that a large number of growers will
use these results as a basis for
small- scale test work on their own
bogs and acquaint the Experiment
Station with their findings. It is
felt that the weed research of 1948
should prove to be a material help

to the growers in controlling theii
weeds cheaply in 1949.
Summary of Findings with Respeci
to Weather and Kerosene Spraying

1. All applications of kerosene
400-1000 gals. /acre, are non-in-
jurious to vines if terminal bud,s
are no longer than Vs inch.

2. Kerosene sprays caused no
injury to new-growth leaves or
flower buds on upright or runner
vines when the temperature at time
of treatment was 60° F. or less.

3. Kerosene injured new-growthi
tips when sprayed at a temperature
of 72° F., the sky clear, and the
wind less than 5 m.p.h.

(Continued on Page 24)

ISSUE OF MARCH, 1949
Vol. 13 No. 11

[^ Zx!^°'''"^''^^^^

NEW MARKETING PLAN UMBRELLA
OVER INDUSTRY

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS

k most decidedly advantageous step has
been taken for the enth-e cranberry
idustry in the coming closer together of
le two big co-ops, ACE and NCA. Many
rowers say this should have been done
ng before. Most growers say now they
.'e glad this improved spirit of co-oper-
;ion has been brought about and the feel-
g for the future seems to be brightening
)nsiderably, after the lows to which
"owers were plunged because of prices
ir the '48 crop.

This plan of the ACE, marketing all of
le fresh fruit of NCA, and of any inde-
sndents who want to come in under the
ng and favorably established EATMOR
•and, and for all canning fruit of ACE
id also any independents who wish to
•ocess and market under the famed OC-
AN SPRAY brand should prove an um-
•ella for all growers of cranberries. It
ould also work to the advantage of the
Iholesalers and retailers of the fruit and
the consumer, as it should promote an
derly marketing with steady, uniform
•ices. In all probabiity not all of the
dependents will come in as class "C"
embers and there will still be competi-
)n. Some feel that competition within
e industry (that there is enough with
her fruits) is not desirable — others feel
is healthy. There is seldom complete
lity or total agreement of what is best,
yway.

The next step is to increase the sales of
anberries in both forms, fresh and pro-
ssed. Perhaps the former needs greater
pansion at the moment. The proposal

NCA as expressed by M. L. Urann for
CA to spend more than half a million
)llars during the calendar year should
Ip tremendously. The fact that 87,000
)usewives wrote in for EATMOR cook-
)oks proved that advertising does pay.

EED CRANBERRY STORAGE ADVICE

T the February Plymouth County cran-
berry club meetings a most interesting
pic was brought up — that of better prac-
;es in the storage of cranberries. That
was of interest to the growers was proven
r their attention to the subject.

Subscription $3.00 per year
Advertising rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS
Wisconsin

C. D. HAMMOND, Jr.
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington— Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY
Cranberry Specialist
Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK
Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

Director Mass. State Cranben-y Experiment Station

East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station

V/M. E. TOMLINSON, JR.

Pemberton, New Jersey

If care is exercised in the growing of
cranberries from the start of the season
straight through and including the har-
vesting it does seem rather lacking in good
sense to let a considerable quantity spoil
in storage before screening and shipping
through lack of knowledge of how to pi'e-
vent this to a larger degree. Dr. Franklin
stated that the late Prof. Gunness of U. of
M. made extensive studies into the prob-
lem, but his findings were never brought
into shape, his death preventing this.
Here would seem to be a field for immed-
iate study.

Nine

Old Church at East Dennis (Old Sesuit), 'where lived Elkanah and William Sears, pioneer cranberry cultivators.

Ten

MARCH, the traditional month of high winds. Photo shows ancient mill at ancient Eastham, Cape Cod. Windmills
once were used to pump water for cranberry flooding.

Eleven

More of the Start of Cranberry

Cultivation at Dennis, Cape Cod

Further Evidence that Hen-
ry Hall Pioneered, Others
Followed, and that Culti-
vation Was Bound to
Spread.

by CLARENCE J. HALL

(Fourth chapter of a History of the
Cranberry Industry).

Further buttress, as promised
last month, of the fact that Henry
Hall was the first to cultivate
seems to be found in the writings
of Cape historians, aS almost
without exception, when writing
about cranberries, they give the
credit to Henry Hall, even though
there is the vagueness and dis-
crepancy in dates of the begin-
ning. Charles S. Swift, in his
"Old Yarmouth", says:

"Mr. Hall of Dennis, having a
marshy lot which produced some
very fine berries, was led to try
the experiment of transplant-
ing some of the vines. The ex-
periment was successful

Others have followed the trail
started by Mr. Hall."
In his later work, "History of
Barnstable County", published in
1897, Mr. Swift would seem to
have found no reason to change
his mind, as he writes:

..."... The first successful
cultivator seems to have been a
Henry Hall of Dennis, who com-
menced the business in 1816."
Deyo's "History of Barnstable
County" gives to Henry credit in
beginning cranberry cultivation
and to the use of sand. However,
it is Deyo who gives the diff'erent
version (mentioned last month) of
how Henry made the discovery of
the use of sand. He also refers to
the before mentioned Elkanah
Sears, who may have been Hen-
ry's closest rival for first cultiva-
tion. Deyo wrote:

"There has been much spec-
ulation regarding the time, the
place, and the circumstances
which began cranberry cultiva-
tion on the Cape. At North
Dennis (Old Nobscussett) about
1816 one Henry Hall owned a
piece of low land on which wild
cranberries grew. Adjoining

Twelve

this were beach knolls from
which, after the cutting of some
small timber, the sand was blown
upon the vines. This, instead of
injuring the berries of which he
had made some use, was found
to have greatly improved them,
and they sprang up through the
lighter part of the soil covering,
and this is believed to have orig-
inated their successful cultiva-
tion. So little was this fruit
prized even at its best that it
was many years before any con-
siderable use was made of this
accidental discovery. In the
meantime, William Sears and
his father, Elkanah, set at East
Dennis (Sesuit) some vines for
their own use, and others in
these vicinities soon followed
the example "

(Note: This timber which was
cut has been said to have been a
silver poplar grove springing from
a single tree, and the knoll or hill
was not actually near the sea-
shore, but a little way inland, and
so the sand would not have been
beach sand, but perhaps sand sim-
ilar to that used by growers to-
day.)

Henry Given Wide Credit

To go a little farther afield to
prove the contention that Henry
was the true sire of cranberry
growing, H. L. Bailey's "Standard
Cyclopedia of Agriculture", under
the heading of "Cranberries, his-
torical", quotes a William Ken-
drick, writing in The ORCHARD-
IST, 1830, says: "Captain Henry
Hall of Barnstable has cultivated
the cranberry for 30 years".

When Joseph J. White of the
famous White cranberry-growing
interests of New Jersey, wrote his
book, "Cranberry Culture", pub-
lishing the first edition in 1870, he
does not claim New Jersey credit
for the start of the industry, but
accords it to Cape Cod and Henry
Hall. As his authority for so do-
ing he quotes S. B. Phinney (as-
sumedly Major Sylvanus B. Phin-
ney, long noted editor of THE
BARNSTABLE PATRIOT, one of
the most widely-read papers of

that time, and himself a man
public aff'airs and later a crs
berry grower) writing:

"The first attempts at the cu
tivation of the cranberry in thi
country were made on Cape Co
about the year 1820. The pior
eer cultivators in that vicinit
were enabled to gain considei
able experience and proficienc
in growing this crop before an
attention was given to thi
branch of fruit culture in eithe
New Jersey or any of the We
tern states.

"S. B. Phinney says: 'Captai
Henry Hall of Dennis, in th
County of Barnstable, Mas
commenced the cultivation c
the cranberry. His bog, c
'cranberry yard', as he called i
has no year since failed of pri
ducing a remunerative cro;
For the next thirty years afte
Mr. Hall commenced many e:
periments were made by othei
and most of them proved to I
failures"

Cultivation Spread

Cranberry cultivation began
Cape Cod, but it could, in the ve
nature of things, not be long 1
fore this cultivation began
spread. On the Cape there wt
the natural growths, for instan^
in certain situations as Santu
Waquoit, Popponessett, on Gre^
Sandy Neck, and to the was
lands of Provincetown, to mentii
a few; also in Plymouth Couni
Cranberries grew on the conside
able peat meadows of Essex Cou
ty, north of Boston; in the ri
marshes along the Sudbury a
Concord rivers and tributa
brooks of Middlesex county to t
west of Boston; along the Charll
and Neponset rivers in Norfo;
county to the south of Boston,
Gay Head on the island of Ma
thas Vineyard. In New Jers.
along the marshes of Barneg
Bay; in the swamps and morass
of the Great Pine Barrens
South Jersey. They grew in qua
titles along the Fox River in eas
ern Wisconsin and in Central Wi
consin.

Cultivation did begin in Middli
sex County at least as early i
1831. Cultivation in New Jerst
was begun by at least 1835 by or
Benjamin Thomas near Pembe;

ton. It was not to begin in Wis-
consin until about two decades
later, but it may have begun as
early as 1853; on the West Coast
not until the '80's.

That "natural" cranberries were
< f some importance on the Cape
s evidenced by the fact that in
1820 one town ofiicially took action
to pre.ent their t'.estru -tion. This
was at Barnstable, where, to quote
Amos Otis, careful recorder of
Cape historical and genealogical
notes, ' Sinc\2 time out of mind
cranberries have flourished at
Sandy Neck". Sandy Neck is even
today a wild and almost fantastic
finger of land, a cape upon a cape,
extending about seven miles into
the waters of Cape Cod Bay from
the Great Marshes at West Barn-
stable. Half a mile wide, chiefly
pure beach sand, yet with a sur-
prising amount of vegetation —
beach plums, bayberries, wild cher-
ries, cranberries, stunted scrub
pine — Sandy Neck was mentioned
in the earliest Cape records and
for many years was much in the
cranberry news of the Cape. Ind-
ians gathered cranberries there be-
fore the coming of the white men
and after.

Barnatable Town
In the year 1820 records show
that at the request of "ten free-
holders and inhabitants" the Barn-
stable Selectmen inserted an arti-
cle in the warrant for the annual
town meeting:

"To know if the town will
take any measures to prevent
the destruction of Cranberries
on Sandy Neck and to take such
measures as the Town shall
think proper thereon."

The Story of Hiram Hall
It might be well at this point to
turn back to Dennis. That is to
continue with the story of Henry's
son, Hiram.

Hiram, born April 22, 1800 (ac-
cording to Dennis Town Records,
or 1803, according to the "Hall
Genealogy" by the Reverend Da-
vid B. Hall, A. M.) worked with
his father during the latter's life-
time, as stated last month. He
found cranberry growing to his
liking, and by the time of his
death, Oct. 14, 1886, had become
one of the most successful of the
earliest Cape growers and was a

vice president of the first Cape Cod
Cranberry Growers' Association.

This same bog that Henry had
started had become one of four or
five acres and in his later years
was known as "Hiram's Bog" and
"Grampa Hiram's Bog."

As this bog could not be flowed
it was Hiram's custom not to
start picking until late, a practice
of others of his time. He has been
reported as seldom starting to pick
before the 10th of October, and it
has been recalled he often did not
finish until Thanksgiving, harvest-
ing- not infrequently continuing
until after snow had flown. The
bog had a natural winter flood and
he did not let this off' before June
10th.

Older Dennis residents have told
the writer they recall picking for
"Grampa Hiram", gathering the
fruit in burlap bags, and that as
a scrupulous and prudent cran-
berry grower he was always ex-
ceedingly careful that his berries
be picked "clean". He is said to
have been especially proud of a
berry then known as "Grampa's
Big Blues."

Hiram's will left to his sons,
Isaiah Baker Hall, Cyrus Hall and
Perez A. Hall, "the respective
pieces of cranberry ground which
each of them have made and re-
spectively improved". This proves
that Hiram's sons worked with him
on the original cranberry bog be-
gun by their grandfather.

This brought the Hall cranberry
cultivation down to its third gen-
eration and it was continued into
a fourth by a son of Hiram, Wil-
fred. After his death, his widow,
Mrs. Lillian Hall, continued to
operate her interest in the prop-
erty, the active work having been
done for her by her son, Harry
Hall, which made the cultivation
of Henry's bog kept alive until
five generations of Halls (men-
tioned last month).
Thomas Hall Set Vine; in 1913
Before taking leave of these
earliest Halls in cultivation of
cranberries one more must be
brought into the picture. This is
the Thomas Hall previously re-
ferred to. By his own word in the
Rev. Mr. Eastwood's book, Thom-
as said he planted some vines in
1813. That planting would have

put him ahead of Henry, if Henry
did not plant until the ye^r 1816.
The year 1816, incidentally, was
the year which has come down on
the Cape as "the year without a
summer", following the great gale
of September 23, 1815 which
swept water clear across the Cape
and was followed by an extremely
bitter winter.

However, as before inferred by
the writer, Henry presumably be-
gan before 1813, and, at any rate,
the 1813 experiment of Thomas
was not continued. Here is his
letter:

"In the year 1813, by my
father's request, I planted some
ten yards of cranberry vines by
the side of Scargo Lake or Pond,
which I took from a swamp
where they grew in a natural
state. They flourished well for
some two years and bore some
berries. Then, being neglected,
the sand blew over them and
they became extinct." (Editor's
note: Scargo Lake is by Scargo
Hill, the Cape's highest eleva-
tion in Dennis, but more pertient
than that fact is the one that
sand blowing over the vines of
Thomas had an opposite effect
from the sand which blew over
those of Henry)'

"In 1840, cranberries bringing
a very high price, my attention
was again called to their culti-
vation. I concluded to go to
work on the same spot and pre-
pared the ground, which I did
by removing the sand and level-
ling the ground of about 15 rods,
within six inches of water. I
then planted the vines without
the sod, in hills about two feet
apart, in the spring of the year.
They grew well, bearing every
year but one, when they were
overflowed, the water remain-
ing on them until the season for
blooming was past, as the pond
had no outlet, but now has. I
have now three-fourths of an
acre set with vines. The soil is
coarse sand and it lies on the
westerly side of said pond. I
have never received any injury
from frost, spring nor fall, and
have always delayed gathering
until about the 10th of October
when the fruit would be ripe.
I have kept no record of the
Thirteen

number of bushels I have gath-
eredj but have taken ten and a
half bushels from one rod in
some years. When I first com-
menced, I made the ground lev-
el, but now I have it in the
form of an inclined plane; my
reason for alteration is, the land
being high and too much cold
water oozing from the ground,
which I think is a damage that
causes the moss to grow and
root out the vines very soon;
all they want is the ground
moist and loose."
Thomas Hall, born January 10,
1799, like Henry, was descended
from the immigrant John Hall
(7th generation). He lived in a
house still standing on the main
Cape highway at the head of Co-
operation street, which is not far
from Scargo Lake, where he set
the vines. His father, Jesse, who
urged him to be one of the first
to set cranberry vines, was lost at
sea.

Thomas, as did so many of his
generation, went to sea in his ear-
ly life. He was for some years
master of a Boston-Dennis packet

—The NORTH— which sailed from
Cooperation wharf at Dennis. Af-
ter that he farmed, as not too
many occupations were then open
to Cape men.

But he seems to have been a
man of ambition and in 1845 was
elected a selectman of Dennis,
serving in that capacity for ten
years. He went beyond that po-
litically and served two terms as
Representative in the Massachu-
setts Legislature, so was entitled
to afi'ix an "Honorable" before his
name, as have been some cran-
berry growers since.

The Hon. Thomas Hall is known
to have been a big man, weighing
possibly 225 pounds. He was a
good church member. He was al-
so a jovial man and, it has been
told, he liked to dance a jig for
the amusement of his daughters.
His wife, Hepzibah, did not ap-
prove of his dancing, and when
she came into the parlor he hast-
ily subsided into a chair, assuming
a sleepy position.

One of his sayings has been hand.-
cd down. It was: "Merciful man,
merciful to his beast." Faithfully,

he lived up to this, and tragically
it was the immediate cause of his
death when he was 68. He would
never sit down to supper until he
had fed and watered his horse. He
often walked beside it when it was
pulling a heavy load, this to spare
his extra weight. One day it was
pulling a load of hay from his salt
meadov^f and he was walking be-
side it up a hill. He dropped dead
of heart failure.

Thomas Hall never became a
large grower, although successful
on a small scale, but he did start
a cranberry line of interest which
extended through two genera-
tions. His son, Luther Hall, play-
ed an important part in the Cape
industry in the latter part of the
last century. In about 1885 he
became a partner of Captain
Crowell (father of William Crow-
ell who died recently) and the
firm for a time operated as a com-
mission house, later buying a con-
siderable part of the Cape crop,
shipping it to various distributing
centers. Luther's son, F. Burn-
ham Hall, continued the cranberry
intei'est.

The HAYDEN Cellophane Packer

and Sealer for Cranberries

FILLER - Measures by weight
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No. 1 Bags per minute.

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tailored to
individual packing house.

E. C. ST. JACQUES

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WAREHAM 497-W

R. H. St. JACQUES |

Fourteen

Alexander Howes

Of Alexander Howes, the next to
je taxed in Dennis other than Hen-
•y and Hiram, little could be ascer-
ained. His first tax was in
1837, and was for a "cranberry
,'ard", true value $30.00, and his
jnly other item was one-eighth in-
terest in the schooner FRANKLIN.
He was born April 12, 1810, son of
Micah and Hepzebah Howes. He
narried Hulda Howes and died in
1867, leaving no children.

The Sears' Deserve Credit
As Pioneers

The names of Elkanah Sears
md his son, William, although per-
haps it would be more accurate to
ay William and his father, El-
kanah, as did Deyo, were certain-
ly close contemporaries of Henry
Hall and there have been local ver-
sions that they preceded Henry
Hall. One printed version does, in
fact, declare that the Sears pre-
ceded Henry. But painstaking
scrutiny of available facts by this
Iwriter do not bear this out.

Elkanah Sears was born Oct.
|22, 17.58 in Dennis and was of the
[fifth generation from "The Pil-
igrim", Richard Sears, one of the
[Cape's more distinguished early
(settlers. He was a farmer, and a
Iman of considerable property on
Sesuit Neck at East Dennis, and
had his "strings" of salt works
and was likewise a veteran of the
Revolutionary War. His son Wil-
liam was born in 1806.

The account giving Elkanah
preference over Henry Hall is
found in "Descendants of Richard
Sears", 1890, by the Hon. S. P.
May, and is as follows:

In the fall of 1819 Elkanah
Sears, with his son, William, set
out some vines at Flax Pond
(now Scargo Lake) in East Den-
nis, and was the pioneer in the
large and profitable business of
cranberry raising.

Some years later, Henry Hall
of Dennis, having a marsh lot
which produced some very fine
berries, was led to follow the
experiment of transplanting
some of the vines to another por-
tion of the same swamp, and
the experiment proving a success,
he and others continued their
efforts in the same direction.

But it took years of careful
study and laborious and costly
experiment to ascertain the pro-
cesses, soil and conditions nec-
essary to success.
In 1919 William would have been
a boy of 13 and well able to have
helped his father to set out vines
or do other work in cultivating
the native cranberry. And there
is tradition, or strong impression,
perhaps, that Elkanah did very
early begin a bog at Flax Pond on
Quivet Neck, but not at Scargo
Lake, of old called by many Flax
Pond. Other ponds on the Cape
have gone by the name of Flax,
reminiscent of the days when wo-
men came to these clear bodies of
water to prepare their flax.

Elkanah Sears died in 1835, just
a year after Henry and Hiram
were first assessed for cranberry
property. Elkanah was never as-
sessed for cranberry property, nor
was his son, William, until 1857.

This, however, is no proof that El-
kanah did not have his bog. Only
Howes and Henry and Hiram were
taxed for cranberry property in the
1830's and only two or three in the
1840's, yet many are definitely
known to have had cranberry bogs
in Dennis during those decades.

This other Dennis veteran of the
Revolutionary War, Elkanah, who
was "In Lt. Micajah Sears' Com-
pany and marched on alarm at
Dartmouth and Falmouth, Sep-
tember 6, 1776, and was on duty
three weeks" (Sears Genealogy)
must have had his cranberry bog,
authenticated if by nothing else
than Deyo, and the traditions of
the Sears family and of many
others. Certainly his son William
was a grower of at least moderate
success and William's son, Wil-
liam, a grower of considerable suc-
cess. And this second William
passed along the interest to his
son, Edmund H. Sears, bringing

PRE-FABRICATED FLUMES

Sliding Gate Reservoir Flumes — the kind that let you sleep
on frosty nights.

Dog-leg Reservoir Flumes — for Oxygen Enrichment.

Flashboard-type Lower Flumes — for close regulation of water
levels.

WITH ARMCO PIPE

Long- lengths — few joints — easy to handle.

Galvanized, asbestos bonded, completely coated, with a paved bottom to

take the wear.

AND NO SPILING

Instead, on short pipes, reservoir flumes, or where eels and muskrats
are bad. use a corrugated-iron seepwall collar, extending two feet above,
below, and both sides of pipe.

ASSEMBLED IN A FEW HOURS

Excavating and backfilling your chief problem.

NO SETTLEMENT

Except as the whole dike settles, even on the softest bottom.

DELIVERY

Normally within three weeks from the time yo u order. Material trucked
from Palmer. Unloaded as near the sites as they can reasonably get
with a loaded trailer truck.

PRICE

Depends on size, height, length, etc. Unless the flume is unusually
high, wide and handsome, the cost will not exceed $10 per inch of outlet
diameter: 18" outlet, $180. Short, simple flumes are as much as 25%
less. This is delivered price: you install it. I sometimes supervise
installation for a fee.

R. A. TRUFANT

Hydraulic Consultant — Bog Railroads For Sale or Rent

Tel. Carver 64-11 NORTH CARVER, MASS.

Fifteen

this line of cranberry growing
down into the present and the
fourth generation.

(Author's note Probably by this time

if the reader has followed thus far, he
is tired of Halls and of Dennis, so next
month's chapter will go farther afield,
although it will return to Dennis and
other Cape towns, and other Halls. As
requested before it will be appreciated
if any inaccuracies found are reported
for correction.)

Fresh from the Fields

(Continued from page 5)

slow things down somewhat and
will be a benefit, if temperatures
do not get too severe and hurt
tender buds.

Precipitation
Rainfall was frequent and not
too heavy at any one time during
February. There was a total of
4 inches of snowfall on the 10th
and 11th which quickly melted

away during the warm days fol-
lowing. Another 3 inches of snow
fell on the 28th. The departure
from the average monthly pi'ecip-
itation of 2.65 inches was an excess
of 1.65 inches.

Ocean County Cranberry Club

On Tuesday evening, February
8, a supper meeting of the Ocean
County Cranberry Club was held
at the Methodist church in Toms
River. Following supper, Ocean

Be a Subscriber

CRANBERRIES
Magazine

THOMAS BROTHERS
General Contractors

MIDDLEBORO, MASS.

Tel. Middleboro 772

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over if desired.

CUPROLIGNUM COPPER BOTTOM PAINT

with the addition of Cuprolignum gives added resistance to bar-
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which remain after paint film has completely disintegrated.

New England Representative

ROBERT S. CHASE

195 Marlboro Street Boston 16, Mass.

Manufacturers: RUDD & CUMMINGS, Seattle, Washington

Sixteen

"ounty Agent, Dick Hartman,
■ead the minutes of the last meet-
ng and reported on his proposed
;ranberry extension program for
1949. Osear Downs, president of
he Ocean County Board of Agri-
:ulture, then made some brief re-
narks. Lewis Barton of Haddon-
leld, N. J., spoke on sprinkler
rrigation for frost and drought
protection. R. B. Wilcox, U. S.
D. A. Pathologist, spoke on "Some
Factors That Influence Cranberi-y
Fruit Rots in New Jersey", and
2. A. Doehlert discussed various
phases of a research program on
the nutrition of cranberries. At
;he short business meeting at the
3nd of the meeting Isaiah Haines,
New Lisbon, N. J., was elected
president, H. B. Scammell, Toms
River, N. J., vice president, and
Richard Hartman was re-elected
secretary.

Blueberry Meetings
On the evening of February
10th a meeting to discuss the 1949
Blueberry Insect and Disease Con-
trol Chart was held at Wesley
Hall, Pemberton. Because of haz-
ardous driving conditions due to

an all-day snowstorm, only about
a dozen persons came to the meet-
ing and another meeting is there-
fore going to be held. It was note-
worthy that the smallness of the
group did not in any way reduce
the interest of the meeting.

On February 16th another spray
chart meeting was held at Pai'k-
hurst's Office and Warehouse in
Hammonton. About 65 persons
attended and fired their questions
in rapid succession on blueberry
insect and disease problems at C.
A. Doehlert and W. E. Tomlinson,
Jr., of the N. J. Cranberry and
Blueberry Laboratory. County
Agent John Brockett was master
of ceremonies. It was a lively and
instructive evening, lasting al-
most till midnight.

Personal

P. E. Marucci of the Cranberry
and Blueberry Research Labor-
atory has resigned, effective April
1, 1949, to take up work with the
U. S. D. A. on Oriental and Ma-
layan Fruit Fly control work in
Hawaii. "Phil" has been working
exclusively on blueberry stunt
while at Pemberton, being financed

by the Research Grant of the
Blueberry Cooperative Association
known as the "Coville Fund."

OREGON

The weather until late into Feb-
ruary was the chief topic of con-
versation in the Southwest Oregon
cranberry area. Starting with
about Thanksgiving there had
been cold, snow, sleet, rain and
hail. There have been times in
recent years when temperatures
have been lower, but this is the
first time in 60 years that "King
Winter" had paid such a lengthy
visit.

Banquets

Clam Bakes — Parties

ANNOUNCING

HOLMES & YOUNG

CATERING SERVICE
Carver, Mass.

CRANBERRIES

With Every Meal

George E. Young Norman V. Holmes
Tel. Midd. SS7-R Tel. Carver 10-4

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worm, false army worm and fruit worms.

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Micron-sized for better suspension and de-
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Made by Pennsalt, a leading basic pro-
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write to Agricultural Chemicals Division,
Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Com-
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*REG. U. S. PAT OFF.

Photo Cr.urtesy Bell Aircraft Corp.

Seventeen

MARKETING CHANGES

(Editor's Note: — The following is
from the "Wisconsin Cranberry News",
published by the WisconsinL Cranberry
Sales Company, March issue) :

The marketing season of 1948,
pietaining to cranberries, present-
ed a sudden and drastic change
from the bulk shipments in M
barrel boxes to the pre-packaged
foi'm of one-pound cellophane bags
and a pilot run of one-pound car-
tons.

The industry as a whole was not
prepared to meet the demand for
pre-packaged cranberries. This
was true for two reasons: (1)
Packaging machinery was not
available and (2) The supply of
cellophane was very short. Both
of these obstacles were overcome
during the shipping period. How-
ever, they did have a definite ef-
fect on the disposition of the crop.

Propeller Driven

Weed Clipper

for Cranberry Bogs

Save Cost On Your Weeding
Headquarter.s

Willow St. Garage

BASS RIVER. MASS.

The customers did not want Vi
barrel boxes of cranberries, and
the various companies did not have
the facilities to pack cellophane
in a sufficient quantity to supply
the demand. Therefore, there was
a definite slowing up of the dis-
position of the cranberries. We
are sure that this will not happen
again in 1949, as one of the chief
topics of conversation in the cran-
berry industry at the present time
is methods of increasing the sale
of cranberries, methods of pack-
ing, and the ability to pack what-
ever type of container Mrs. House-
wife demands.

Grower Problems: — The sudden
change in marketing that occurred
this year brought several prob-
lems to the grower. (1) It means
that the grower must buy new
machinery to be able to pack his
cranberries in the forms that the
customer demands. (2' The qual-
ity of the berries must be of the
highest standard ever shipped.
The main reason for this is that
once the grower has packed his
berries in the cellophane bags and
the master container, if they are
rejected he is liable for the loss,
due to the fact that the cellophane
bags and containers cannot be re-
claimed. In the case of the Vi
barrel box, the berries can be taken
out and reconditioned for either
th efresh fruit market or the pro-

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WEST WOODSTOCK, CONN.

cesser, and the boxes can be re
used.

Another important factor is tha
once you begin packaging an;
commodity in a unit package th'
customer expects a top qualit;
product and is much more partic
ular of what he buys, feeling tha
he is paying a premium for thi
product, even if this is not true.

All this does not mean that the
% barrel box has become extinct
However, if the year 1948 is an;
criterion of how important pre
packaging will become in the fu
ture we can look forward to seein;
approximately 75-80 '/f of the fresl
fruit sales go out in a pre-pack
aged form.

Marketing

(Continued from Page 6)

been no secret, and has, in fact
been the chief topic of discussioi
in all cranberry areas. That som
forward-looking and, if necessarj
drastic step must be taken to pul
the industry out of its difficultie
has long been recognized by many
This new marketing arrangemen
may be said, in a sense, to end
"cold" war between the Co-ops
chiefly over allocation of the cro]
between fresh and processed ber \
ries. With harmony restored, it i: I
expected that the market shouli ;
become stabilized, resulting ii ;
benefits not only to the growers bu ,
to wholesalers, retailers and con !
sumers as well.

Scoops and Screenings

"Charlie" Doehlert, head of thi
.Jersey Cranberry-Blueberry Lab
oratory, J. Rogers Brick, Waltei
Fort, Growers' Cranberry Com-
pany, and Vinton Thompson, 2nd
came up from Jersey to attend tht
February 24th meeting of South
Shore Cranberry Club. In a two-
day trip they made several othei
visits.

Four out of five of the Nation's
6% million farm families used
help in 1947 from the Extension!
Services in one form or another,
according to Extension Service,
University of Massachusetts. That
being the case, this agricultural
assistance, including cranberry:
culture, must be appreciated.

Eishteen

"Del" Hammond, general man-
ager WCSCO, has been appointed
a director of the Wisconsin Coun-
cil cf Agriculture at Madison. The
University of Wisconsin and the
.."isccnsin Council will be hosts on
August 22-26 to the American In-
Ltitutc of Cooperation at Madison
snd Del has been asked to serve
0 nthe committee for recreation.

New Straig-ht-Wing
Insect Control Co.
For Mass. Bogs

New England Air Spraying
and Dusting Company
Will Offer Dusting and
Spraying, Operating from
Three Strategically-Locat-
ed Fields.

A new dusting and spraying ser-
vice for cranberry growers is to
be in operation this season in Mas-
sachusetts. This organization will
be known as the New England
Air Spray and Dusting Company.
This is made up of the Cape &
Islands Airways, which has main-
tained flying service and operated

the airport at Wareham for sev-
eral years and the Brockton Air-
ways of Brockton.

The new firm will operate out
of Wareham, the cranberry center,
Brockton and North Falmouth air-
port on the Cape, which gives three
locations enabling the service to
be within easy reach of most all of
the hogs of Southeastern Massa-
chusetts. The organization will
have six Piper Cubs for dusting
and two special sprayers. For the
latter purpose, a specially-built
Luscombe aircraft with built-in
tanks and sprayers is to be used.

Dusting with small straight-
wing planes has now proven suc-
cessful for several seasons, espec-
ially on the larger-sized bogs with-
out many bays or coves. Spray-
ing is not so well established as
yet on the bog proper, although
woodland operations including bog
sides have come to be well recog-
nized as very efficien t. Helicopters
will again be in service to Massa-
chusetts growers this season,
these being especially efficient on
small properties and those with
coves, which are diff'icult of access
for the faster straight-wings.

There will presumably be other air
service as well.

REBUILDING OF NCA

NORTH CHICAGO PLANT

IS UNDERWAY

Work has begun on the rebuild-
ing of the original section of
NCA's North Chicago, 111., plant
which was destroyed on the night
of January 21. Because of new
construction, the new portion of
the plant, completed in 1948, was
saved. The past season this plant
handled nearly 50 per cent of the
total Wisconsin crop and is need-
ed for service again next fall.

MATHEWS

CONVEYOR

and

TRACK

Frost Insecticide Co.

Box 36
ARLINGTON, 74

MASS.

Membership in the New England Cranberry Sales Company entitles the grower
to complete service in the growing, packing and selling of his product.

If you are not a member you are invited to become one and assisit this Cranberry
Cooperative in strengthening and stabilizing the 1949 cranberry market.

New England Cranberry Sales Company

9 Station Street

Middleboro, Mass.

S. W. Oregon Club
Hears Why Bog
Taxes Were Raised

Interesting Figures Are Dis-
cussed at Annual Meeting
— Harry Jackman Suc-
ceeds "Jimmy" Olson as
President.

Forrest was invited to explain the
reasons for increasing cranberry
land taxes. Cleared, leveled and
drained bog land was assessed for
$200 per acre. Bogs planted for
three years and longer were as-
sessed for $500 an acre.

Mr. Forrest said his researcl 1
showed the cost of developing : ;
bog was approximately $2,000 ai '
acre. The average yield per acn :
in 1947 was 79 barrels, he said'
Using an average figure of 70 bar
rels an acre (figured over several

Southwestern Oregon Cranberry
Club at its annual meeting last
month elected new off'icers and
heard a discussion of ci'anberry
bog assessment.

Harry Jackman succeeded "Jim-
my" Olson as president; Louis
Lowe, vice president; Jack Dean,
corresponding secretary; "Twink"
Chambers, recording secretary;
Charles St. Sure, treasurer.

Mrs. Ethel M. Kranick, the only
woman on the Oregon Agricultural
Council, told of the council's new
and increasing interest in cran-
berries.

County Assessor Charles W.

Save This

Magazine for

Future Reference

Frost Protection and Irrigation . . .

ALL ITEMS TO COMPLETE A C0MMERCL4L BOG ROTARY
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with Prices on the folio wine:

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o

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rr

PLYMOUTH
Tel. 740

YARMOUTH
Tel. Barnstable 107

Distributor of Cape Cod Cranberries

Twenty

rears) he said the estimated in-
ome per acre would be about
;1390 a year, this being based on
iverage selling costs from $11.40
)per barrel in 1933 to S27.60 in
.947.

There was some protest by
growers, but Mr. Forrest count-
tred with a report on a sales tran-
saction recorded in the county
tlerk's office. The revenue stamps
ndicated a pprice of $53,000 for
5.94 acres of producing bog with
1.3 acres newly planted plus addi-
;ional land and improvements.

The county assessor said i-isk
capital would not be interested un-

less gains were sufficient to justi-
fy that type of investment. No
protest has been made on the as-
sessment of this particular tract,
Forrest said. He said this tract
paid a tax of only $44.80 prior to
his re-apprisal, but S201.81 after
the assessment. Forrest pointed
out this sale may or may not have
been for an excessive figure, and
in all probability included a grow-
ing crop plus some personal pro-
perty, machinery and equipment.

The assessor explained that one
acre assessed at $200 would result
in a tax of only about $8. An acre
assessed at $500 would mean a

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PHOTO COURTESY OF P

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Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall
whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica-
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information upon request.

PACIFIC COAST DISTRIBUTORS

R M WADE and CO. ARMCO DRAINAGE & STOUT IRRIGATION INC.
Portland, Oregon METAL PRODUCTS CO. Portland, Oregon

Portland, Oregon

EAST & MIDWEST DISTRIBUTORS

L. R. NELSON MFG. CO.
Peoria, Illinois

MASSACHUSETTS DEALERS

JOSEPH BRECK & SONS IRRIGATION DIVISION VEGACRE FARM
85 State St., Boston, Mass. Forestdale (Cape Cod), Mass.

RAIN BIRD SPRINKLER MFG. CORP.

tax of slightly more than $20 in
the Bandon area outside the city
limits.

Some cranberry owners said
they believe bog land should not
be assessed unless it makes a pro-
fit each year. Forrest pointed out
that timber land owners pay taxes
year after year without income un-
til it is logged, and that many
town lots are held without income
and are similarly taxed.

Benson Tells
Cape Clubs New-
Marketing Plan

March meetings of the Upper and
Lower Cape Cod cranberry clubs
were held at Bruce hall, Cotuit, on
Monday, March 7th, and at Dawes
Memorial hall, Brewster, Wednes-
day, the 10th, respectively. These
were evening sessions preced.ed by
a supper.

Arthur D. Benson, general mana-
ger of New England Cranberry
Sales Co., and originator of the
plan for unification in marketing
by the two major co-opers, ACE
and NCA, was the chief speaker,
telling in detail of the plan. He
explained clearly to the growers

COLLEY
CRANBERRY CO.

SHIPPERS OF
CAPE COD CRANBERRIES

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Plymouth, Mass.

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•

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1707

Twenty-one

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Give First Instructions to the

Many New Users of
Its New Cranberry Picker.

When you first receive your ma-
chine you will want to familiarize
yourself with its working principles
and its mechanical construction.
The best way is to take exact
measurements of all the parts that
are adjustable, and then take the
machine apart.

When you do this, a lot of things
become evident that are not ap-
parent on casual inspection. You
will follow the directions in the
manual so you won't forget some-
thing. But the greatest benefit of
taking your machine apart is that
it takes all the mystery and uncer-
tainty out of it.

You may decide at this time
how much of the pruning attach-
ment you will use. On these new
machines it is possible to use no
cutters whatever, or just the side
cutter only, or to add the sickle,
which measures the length of the
vines before it cuts them. In any
case, if you decide to use all the
attachments the total number of
vines you cut will be less than one-
half of the vines cut and torn, us-
ing hand pruning and raking meth-
ods. Or you may decide to do all
your pruning with a second oper-
ation of the machine.

As it has been found the most
practical way, your sections should
be laid out so the picker can go
around the perimeter in a clock-
wise direction. The ditches, and a
narrow strip, should be hand-
scooped first, to permit the picking
boxes to be distributed around the
field before the Western Picker
starts operating. Be sure your
teeth are bright and shiny every
day, free frcm yesterday's dried
saps and waxes, and you will be
surprised how easy it will be to
pick. When your picker is func-
tioning properly it should be pos-
sible for you to walk alongside of
it and watch it pick automatically.
Your costs will be less than one-
half of what it has been previous-
ly, and in a year like this that is
really worthwhile.

Western Pickers are still avail-
able for this year's delivery.

that this was the first step in what
he believed would lead to better
marketing conditions, and that he
positively believed the plan would,
work out successfully.

He gave a long period to ques-
tions and answered all questions,
of which there were a great many,
attesting to the natural interest of
the cranberry men in this import-
ant step which is being taken.

George Johnson of West Barn-
stable, an agricultural student and
winner of first place in a local
school speaking contest gave a talk
on sanding, showing a good grasp
of this problem. Dr. Chester E.
Cross spoke upon weed control.

N. J. BLUEBERRY
"CONTROL" CHART OUT

The blueberry insect and disease
control chart for 1949 for New
Jersey has been issued by the New
Jersey Agricultural Station, New
Brunswick, New Jersey. It was
prepared by C. A. Doehlert, R. B.
Wilcox and, William E. Tomlin-
son of the New Jersey Cranberry
and Blueberry Research Labor-
atory, Pemberton.

Mass. Cranberry
Men Urged to
Grow Lumber Crop

Plymouth County Club
Illeetings Also Hear Talks
on Fermate Applicatiorr;
by Air and Ground, Ferti-
lizers and Rot — Abuse of
Cranberriies in Storage,
And that Sprinklers save
Berries in Times of Heat.

Address all orders to

WESTERN PICKERS, INC.

COOS BAY, OREGON

(Advt.)

Twenty-two

The value of native woods — par-
ticularly white pine — as compared
to "imported" woods in quality and
price; the contrast between appli-
cations of Fermate between 'cop-
ter and straightwing plane and
ground machines; "The Effect of
Fertilizer Applications on the
Quality of Fruit", "Cranberry Stor-
age Problems", and "Summer Man-
agement of Bogs" were the topics
at the February meetings of
Southeastern Cranberry Club,
Rochester Grange Hall (Plymouth
County, Massachusetts), February
2.3, and South Shore Club at Plymp-
ton February 24th. These were

afternoon meetings, followed
suppers.

There were 68 of the 108 me
bers attending at the Roches
meeting, with President Emil
St. Jacques presiding. At Plyn
ton President Orrin G. CoUey v
in the chair and the attendai
was about 60.

District Forester Charles
Cherry, who had previously sp(
en upon the value of tree croppi
on woodland around Massachuse
bogs, said that for nearly 30 ye
the State Forestry Department h
tried to stimulate interest in t
conservation project. "We he
come a long ways", he said, "I
we have a longer way to go a
the objective will not be achiev
until we have every grower w
has woodland putting this on
business basis and getting a cr
of timber every year."

With samples of both nati l
and imported woods he told hi (
some of the native lumber is ji j
as good in quality as that import [
from the Pacific Northwest. "Y
can have just as good lumt
made up from your own stand:
he said, "and at very consideral
savings." He compared Pondero
pine and Western fir and nati
white pine, and the differences
cost as he explained them we
startling.

He compared the native "pitcl
pine to Southern yellow pine. I
said redwood from the Pacific h;
been "imported" for flumes b
cause of its durability, where;
native locust, "if put in butt ei
first will last forever and, if tlH
other end is used, longer thf
that."

Example of Good Forestry

He demonstrated the value <<
proper pruning. As an examppii
of good forestry practice he cita
the instance of Herbert Whitina
Plympton, who has 200 acres a
woodland. He said by selectiv
cutting and proper care Mr. Whi'
ing was harvesting 1,000 boan
feet per acre per year, which wa
bringing him better than 10 pe
cent on his investment.

Mr. Cherry said he would no
recommend the growing of whit
cedar because this takes twice a
long as white pine, although thi
is excellent stuff. It is boat build

ig timber. White oak cuts to
•rrific waste, but is a good wood,
cod flooring can be made from
ative white oak. Hornbeam can
; used for "rolls". Native spruce
fine for wheeling plank. He
lid how Dr. Chester E. Cross of
le Experiment Station had made
sdar shingles from his own pro-
;rty for $4.50 a square.
In conclusion, however, he said
2 would recommend white pine as
le most useful and practical nat-
■e lumber to raise. He said he

:UT TALL GRASS.
WEEDS...BRUSH

lows fast and clean
round buildings, fields,
nder trees, fences,
long road-
ides, and in
ght corners.

Cuts 4 to 6

acres in 8 hrs.

Easy to handle on

rough ground or steep

ilopes.Cuts IV2" from ground. Rugged.

Economical. Dependable.

ftirrfR /RR/GATiON
WATER

A Model For.
Every Pretjure

For Form, OrcKSrd or Truck Garden. Easily
end quickly nrt|nled on any irrigation pipe.
Heavy duty llniss and bronze construction
tor long servfeB Sand and dirt proof. Wa-
fer lubricoted^orings— no oil or grease re-
quired. No ^ moving parts to rapidly
wear out. M^lnum coverage— even distri-
bution. H

J BUCKNER MANUFACTURING C0.(-
1616 Blackktone Ave., Fresno, California

BUCKNER SPRINKLERS

1121 WASHINGTON STBEET
WEST NEWTON fit, MASS.

strongly recommended "selective"
cutting. Proper pruning, thin-
ning, and the clearing out of un-
desirable trees and underbrush
were his other recommendations.
The Myles Standish Forest Reser-
vation was designed for demon-
. stration purposes, much as the
Cranberry Experiment Station at
East Wareham. Trained foresters
would give their advice and ser-
vices to cranberry growers or oth-
ers upon request without charge.

Dr. Bergman told of Fermate
applications upon three bogs last
year, this being to contrast the
effectiveness of 'copter or straight-
wing spraying and dusting as com-
pared with the eff^iciency of ground
machines. He said the sprays
from the air showed greater vari-
ation than dusts. As to his con-
clusions, so far he said neither
dust nor spray from the air with
Fermate had proven really satis-
factory because of variation, and
that ground machines with this
fungicide were better, but by no
means perfect, for the same rea-
son. He said he might try other
fungicides this coming summer, as
he hoped to continue the experi-
ments. The applications last year
were made just as the vines were
coming into blossom in early July
and later in the month as the blos-
som was going.

J. Richard Seattle, Massachu-
setts Cranberry Specialist, "pinch-
hitted" for Dr. F. B. Chandler,
who was recuperating from an op-
eration, reading from the latter's
notes on "The Effect of Fertilizer
Application upon the Quality of
Fruit." Speaking briefly, the con-
clusions seemed to be that ferti-
lizer applied in proper quantity did
not produce additional rot, but if
put on in excessive quantity it did.

Fred Hepburn, who manages the
NECSCO screenhouse at Tremont,
gave a most interesting talk upon
"The Abuse of Berries in Stor-
age". Here, he said, occurred one
of the greatest losses in the whole
process of getting cranberries to
market. "You can't handle cran-
berries like billiard balls". They
should not be moved in storage
until ready to be screened. They
should not have direct or cross-
ventilation, but indirect ventilation
which passes over the tops of the
stacks of boxes and draws the
warm air out through the roof of
the building. "Black Rot", in
stored berries he compared to lep-
rosy in the human being.

"Summer Management of Cran-
berry Bogs" was the subject of
Russell A. Trufant. He said he
ppresumed that meant "quality".
One recognized way of improving
quality is to hold the water late,
until into May. He spoke of the
excessive heat of last summer, and
said that one way that could have
been aided, as he did on his own
bog at North Carver, was by the
use of sprinkling. He said he did
this without regard to wind, sun,
hour of day, or anything else and
found no harm occurring, but that
the results were good. This sprink-
ling removed the heat as long as
the ground remained wet.

Lewis F. Norwood, Jr., recently
appointed associate Plymouth
County, was introduced and spoke
briefly. He will be assigned to
some cranberry work this summer
by Director J. T. Brown.

Cranberry Station

(Continued from Page 4)

mended preferably in April on dry
bogs and after harvest on bogs
with frost flows.

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

17 Court St.
Plymsutb, Mu*.

BOG MANAGEMENT

Tele: Plymoutb 1632
Klnsetan 31»

If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will

pay you to see us.

A number of properties available, more wanted.

Twenty-three

B. Ferric Sulphate. Never use
this chemical on immature or new-
ly sanded bogs. This is printed in
bold-faced type to add special em-
phasis to this warning.

C. P.D. B. (Paradichloroben-
zene). Be sure to read the intro-
ductory comments carefully. This
treatment should not be made in
the same year after the grub flow.
This caution is followed by the
statement, "Keep off treated area
for six weeks". White violets and
loosestrife are no longer included
under this treatment since other
chemicals are more effective and
less expensive.

D. Salt. Pitchforks are now in-
cluded in the weeds that can be con-
trolled with this material, which
will be very helpful in cases where
iron sulphate did not control pitch-
forks early in the season.

F. Copper Sulphate. A caution
has been included this year where-
ever using this chemical since it
may kill fish. Hair cap moss is no
longer included under the weeds
controlled by the above chemical.

I. Water-white Kerosene. List-
ed under "Remarks" there i.s an
important note stating that vines
should not be disturbed for one
week before and after treatments
when using this chemical.

J. Nitrate of Soda. This is a
new section in the chart and out-
lines to the use of this material in
controlling hair cap moss.

The index at the bottom of the
Weed Chart is prepared to sim-
plify the location of individual
weeds. The first treatment is the
preferred one. As a final sugges-
tion under Weed Control, your at-
tention is called to Dr. Cross's
statement made at the recent cran-
berry club meetings where he re-
marked that every grower in Mass-
achusetts should have a knapsack
sprayer if he is interested in con-
trolling weeds on his bogs this
year. If the Experiment Station
staff can be of any help in your in-

ARIEN5 TILLER THtaNLr

TILLER MT/wr

sect, disease, and weed control
problems, please feel free to call
upon us.

Weed Control

<Continued from Page 8)

4. No injury to vines resulted
from spraying at a temperature of
68° F., the sky cloudy, and wind
in excess of 8 m.p.h.

# Positive action, multi-
ple disc clutch.

^ Full tizod ^t'elsctric
■Hoy itsvl tines.

5. Kerosene sprays applied
a.m. to 10:00 a.m. and 5:00 p
to 8:00 p.m. caused significa)
less injury to the new growth
\ines than mid-day treatments.

6. Kerosene sprays applied
moist or vet vines appear to
effective in killing grasses, sedj
and rushes without causing sigr
cant injury to cranberry vines.

ARIENSCOMPANV • BRILLION.WIS.

Twenty-four

Beaton's Distributing Agency

NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS
of

tope. Qx>d Q.ficmJkAAieA

for over a quarter century
in United States and Canada

Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 130 or 970

It Can^t Be Beat . . .

the Dollars and Cents Value

of ELECTRICITY -

• in Your Bog Operations

• in Your Home

Plymouth Counfy Electric Co.

WAREHAM

Tel. 200

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 1300

•M^ol

Heavy rains falling one hour
;r oil was sprayed on sedges and
hes did not prevent the weeds
m dying.

The flooding of kerosene-
ayed areas two hours after
ilication did not affect the kill
nost grasses and sedges, but the
owing "diflicult" weeds did sur-
e: cut-grass, loosestrife, horse-
, and needle grass.
I. A few test areas were spray-
during a light rain, and the
■osene spray was found effective
I selective in these instances.
[0. Cranberry vines were con-
erably injured, when sprayed
;hin forty-eight hours after they
i been trampled by hand weed-

11. New bogs with a heavy
Dwth of grassy weeds can usually
safely sprayed with kerosene in
dsummer.

Summary of Tests with
Stoddard Solvent

1. Stoddard Solvent can appar-
tly be sprayed safely on cran-
rry vines at 200 to 400 gals, per
re up to the time the terminal
ds break open about May 10.

2. These sprays burn new growth
d flower buds when sprayed late
May or early in June, but rarely

11 the cranberry vines.

3. The following weeds appear
be killed by sprays of 400 gals.

less per acre: small bramble,
okeberry, asters (all types),
Dsestrife, and some grasses, sed-
■s, and rushes.

4. If Stoddard Solvent is spray-
1 onto the crowns of the weeds
!ted above (No. 3) by inserting
e spray nozzle under the vines,
lese weeds can be killed selective-

anytime during the growing
■ason.

Caution in Use of 2. 4-D
Cranberry growers should use
a salt (such as sodium or am-
lonium) of 2,4-D, and never the
ters which are so volatile they
ill injure cranberry vines at some
istance from the place they are
prayed.
2. If the wet glove method is
;ed to kill loosestrife with a
trong solution of 2,4-D, the treat-
should be made in June be-
the loosestrife flower buds

r

1.

ily

nent

CONTROL

Cranberry Root Grubs
White Grubs • Chokeberry
White Violets -Loosestrife
Poison Ivy • Small Bramble
Three Square Grass • Wild Bean

ore
.ppear.

""S 0 LVAY m

PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE

The Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station
Charts recommend Para-dichlorobenzene for treating
Root Grubs, White Grubs, Chokeberry, Poisowivy and Wild
Bean. For best results, bogs should be treated in April or
early May. Write for details.

SO LVAY PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE

FOrtREATING CRANBERRY BOGS

is distributed by

THE CRANBERRY TRADING POST

• Plymouth, Mass.

• Onset, Mass.

• North Harwich, Mass.

• Bordentown, New Jersey

AOIIKU Alirp nilllPinU ALLIED CHEMICAL & DYE CORPORATION

SOLVAY SALES DIVISION 45 muk striet, boston 9. mass.

STRETCHING the Season!

This year the season was stretched out through the winter by
your Exchange. Next year the Exchange hopes to stretch it out even
longer.v

Fresh cranberry retailers have been running out of cranberries
right after the holidays in recent years. Some thought the season for
fresh cranberries was shortened forever. The Exchange said NO and
asked for more berries. This year proved the Exchange was right.

Fresh cranberries in boxes, cardboard cartons with cellophane
windows and cellophane bags sell well in every type of food store.
There are more berries now, but there are more people in the country
to eat them. Our population was 132 million in 1940. Now it's 148
million.

*7<4e Aifte/UcoH, QfianLe/i/uf> C^cUcuu^^ Hhc.

"The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative for 42 Years"

Marketers of

Eatmor
Cranberries

Chicago

New York

VINC A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY

\?E COD
EW JERSEY
tVISCONSIN
OREGON
WASHINGTON

LEWIS F. NORWOOD, JR., Plymouth County Agent

Story on Page fi

(CRANBERRIES Photo)

30 Cents

April, 1949

I

1

DIRECTION!

A grower, concentrating on immediate problems, often finds it
I difficult to analyze trends — in supplies, prices, marketing, Government-

i al action. Yet his analysis of which way these winds blow influences

1 his most basic decisions.

GROWERS CRANBERRY COMPANY

j because it is in close touch with conditions effecting the cranberry in-

1 dustry, is a real source of information and advice to growers. It knows

] the problems of growing as well as those of marketing — it can be a com-

j petent, practical consultant on every phase of your business. Why not

] join us and benefit by our 54 years of successful cooperation?

!

{ Growers Cranberry Company, Inc.

I Oldest Cooperative in the Cranberry industry

I Oldest agricultural Cooperative in New Jersey

j PEMBERTON, NEW JERSEY

Looking to the Future -

The Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company looks
to the future. You, too, can join this leading- fresh
fruit cooperative. Enjoy the benefits of this organi-
zation and help to promote stability and security
within the cranberry industry.

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company

(A Cooperative)
WISCONSIN RAPIDS WISCONSIN

^edi Pixu/e 9t!

At McKinley's Market in Syracuse, New York, Ocean Spray cran-
berry Sauce and Swanson's Whole, Boned and Fricassee Chicken were
featured together for four weeks. The two products were placed side
by side in prominent store displays, and advertised together in Syra-
cuse newspapers. When the test was over the manager compared re-
sults with the previous four weeks, and found

CHICKEN SALES UP 24% OCEAN SPRAY UP 324%!

Which proves that featuring chicken 'n cranberry together means
greater retail sales and wider markets for cranberry crops.

National Cranberry Association

Hanson, Massachusetts
Onset, Massachusetts
Plymouth, Massachusetts

The Growers' Cooperative
Branches at:

North Harwich, Massachusetts
Bordentown, New Jersey
North Chicago, Hlinois

Coquille, Oregon
Markham, Washington
Long Beach, Wa^J^gton

/^|kig

DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS

MASSACHUSETTS

Call
WAREHAM 162

S. C. M. Packard & Co.

Hardware — Lockamitha
For Maintenance Suppliea

Let Us Handle

Your Power Needs

for Bog Pumps

International Harvester

and

Continental Red Seal

Industrial Engines

SALES and SERVICE

J. M. HACKETT

Tel. Rockland 1864
NO. HANOVER MASS.

Extensive Experience in
ELECTRICAL WORK

At Seraanhouaas, Boca and
Pumpa Meana Salia7acti»B

ALFRED PAPPI

WAREHAM. MASS. T.I. «1

J. W. Hurley Co.

• COAL

• NEW ENGLAND
COKE

• FUEL OIL

• WATER WHITE
KEROSENE, for Bogs

(METERED TRUCKS)

24-hour Fuel Oil Service

Telephone 24-2
149 Main St. WAREHAM

VOLTA OIL CO.

Distributor of tl>e Famous

TEXACO

WATER WHITE

KEROSENE

For your Bog

Tel. 840 Ply. Plymouth, Mass.
525 Ply. 35 Main St.

Edwin K. Greer Co.

WAREHAM, MASS.
Est. 1891 Tel. Wareham 108

PIONEERS RETAILERS OF
BUILDING MATERIALS

CATERING To The CRANBERRY
INDUSTRY

LUMBER DRAIN PIPE

WOOD PRESERVERS BOLTS

TOOLS

Patronize

Our

Advertisers

CRANBERRIES

The National
Cranberry Magazine

BEES

RENTALS

JOHN VAN de POELE

West Abington, Mass.

Ha R. Bailey Co.

South Carver
Massachusetta

WISCONSIN AIR
COOLED MOTORS

6 and 8 H. P.
in stock

Morris April Bros.i

Bridgeton - Tuckahoe I

New Jersey

Apples

Cranberries

Peaches

GROWERS AND
SHIPPERS

Wood
Counfy
National
Bank

Wisconiin Rapids,
Wisconsin

MKMBKR FBDBRAL 0BPO9IT
INIURANCI CORPORATION

SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY

ADAMS & GOULD

Lumber Dealers

"Everything Under Cover"

East Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 648

Building Material for Bog,
Screenhouse and Home Uses

Cape & Vineyard
Electric Company

Offices:

Chatham

Falmouth
Hyannis

Vineyard Haven

BRICCS & STRATTON,

CLINTON, WISCONSIN,

LAWSON, and HERCULES

ENGINES

Expert Workmanship
Only Genuine Parts used

Engine Driven Generators

For Emergency

Portable and All Applications

Power Mowers
and Tractors Serviced

Paints - Hardware

Alan Painten Co.

E.stal.lished 1922
Tel. 334 HANOVER, MASS.

Attention

Established 1848

Hall & Cole

Incorporated

Commission Merchants
and Jobbers

94 Faneuil Hall Market 102
BOSTON, MASS.

APPLES AND CRANBERRIES
SPECIALTIES

Cranberry
Growers ! !

We have

Drain Pipe

Large Sized Terra Cotta
Makes a Permanent Installation

Attention
Bog Owners

Why Not Subscribe
to

CRANBERRIES
Magazine

for your Foreman?

It would be a Good
Business Investment

RALPH W. ELLIOT

Sandwich Rd., Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 794

Mail Address: Buzzards Bay, RFD
Plumbing and Heatinc Service

Car Lot Receivers

KROP-SAVER

brand

INSECTIC DES

The National Bank of Wareham

Conveniently located for Cranberry men

FUNGICIDES

For the Cranberry Grower

Funds always available for sound loans

CROP-SAVER
CHEMICAL COMPANY Inc

Complete Banking Service

3511 West Potomac Avenue
Chicago 51, Illinois

"^ Member Federal Deposit Ineurane* Corp.

Mass. Cranberry
Station and Field Notes

by J. RICHARD BEATTIE
Extension Cranberry Specialist

The frost season is here again,
and plans have been completed to
send out the frost warnings as us-
uual over the telephone and radio.
The telephone warning system of-
fered by the Cape Cod Cranberry
Growers' Association is still the
most popular method, but the radio
has proved to be an excellent sup-
plement to the frost warning sys-
tem. We have seven telephone dis-
tributors in the cranberry area
who have been selected to handle
this responsible task. Each dis-
tributor has a list of growers to
contact, ranging as high as forty
calls in some instances. It will
save considerable time on the part
of the distributor if the grower or
his representative is near the home
to receive the message. In fact,
the directors of the Association
decided again this year that only
two calls will be made to a given
number. After two attempts to
reach a grower have been made the
responsibility of the distributor
ends. It is understood, of course,
that if the telephone line is busy
this would not constitute a call on
the part of the distributor. We us-
ually complete our calculations
here at the Cranberry Station by
1..30 in the afternoon and by 7.30 in
the evening. Standard Time, and
then contact the distributors.
Therefore, if growers at the start
of the season are near the phone
from approximately 1.30 to 2.30
and again from 7.30 to 8.30 for the
evening warning, they will be sure
to get the message. After the dis-
tributors have gone through their
list a few times, the growers will
know, within a few minutes of the
time, when to expect the frost
warning message. These people
who perform this valuable service
receive only a small fee and have
to be available all during the
spring and frost seasons. If we

cooperate closely with them it will
save time and speed up the service.

Plans for the radio frost warning
service have been completed. This
year Radio Station WBZ in Boston
is cooperating closely with us. The
service rendered by radio to the
cranberry industry for several
years, and at no cost, is quite con-
siderable. If we paid for the radio
time given to frost warnings it
would cost the growers approx-
imately §126 per day. Possibly a
note from the growers to the above
radio station expressing their ap-
preciation would be in order. Days
when frosts are expected, radio
warnings will be given out over
Station WBZ, 1030 K., at 2..59 p. m.
and 8.59 p. m.

Before leaving the subject of
frost, it should be clearly under-
stood that the formulas are made
to show the minimum temperatures
likely to occur over average areas
of the bogs in the cooler locations.
Growers who have bogs in the
warmer places should make the
proper allowances. To illustrate
this point, frost warnings were
sent out in 1948 approximately 20
days in the spring and 15 days in
the fall. However, many bogs were
flowed only a few times because
the growers knew their property,
used the frost warning as a guide,
checked their temperatures care-
fully, and flowed their bogs only
when necessary.

Now for a timely suggestion
from the Cranberry Experiment
Station. Doctois H. J. Franklin
and C. E. Cross point out that this
is the time to combat ruot grubs,
poison ivy, chokeberry, and wild
bean, using P. D. B. Crystals as
outlined in the new Insect and
Weed Charts. Be sure to follow
directions very carefully.

All roads lead to the Wareham
Town Hall, Wednesday, April 27,

for the regular Spring Meeting of
the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers'
Association. This is an all-day
meeting, featuring equipment dis-
plays, and the latest cranberry in-
formation as presented by members
of the Cranberry Experiment Sta-
tion staff. A light lunch will be
served at noontime. Why not
make this a family affair! See the
Editor's write-up of the details of
this meeting.

Just a final word — a new cran-
berry season is here, and with the
increased activity around our bogs
comes the possibility of many acci-
dents to personnel and equipment.
Wouldn't it be in order to use all
available safety precaution mea-
sures ? It may take a little more
time and a little planning, but
accidents are costly.

Urann and Group
Return From West
Coast Visitation

NCA President M. L. Urann, ac-
companied by his nephew, Marcuf
M. Urann, Mrs. Urann, and Miss
Ellen Stillman, advertising director
of the National, have returned to
Hanson from an extended trip to
the West Coast, during which they
conferred with Ocean Spray brok-
ers in several major cities and at-
tended meetings of Washington and
Oregon cranberry growers.

West Coast members look for-
ward to Mr. Urann's annual west-
ern trip, for the meetings held at
that time give them an opportunity
to bring themselves up to date on
the affairs of their cooperative,
whose headquarters are 3,000 miles
away. At the meetings Mr. Urann
reviewed the business of the Associ-
ation for the past year, outlined
prospects for the months to come,
and answered the growers' many
questions. Miss Stillman showed
a group of slides explaining what
the National has been doing in the
way of advertising and publicity
to move the carry-over.

Growers' meetings were held
during February and March at
Long Beach and Grayland in Wash-
ington, and Bandon in Oi'egon. At
the meetings growers discussed
their own local problems of grow-
ing, harvesting, and delivering

(Continued on Page 27)

Four

Issue of April. 1949^VoI. 13. No. 12

Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham. Massachusetts. Subscription, $3.00 per year.
Intered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1

RESH FROM THE FIELDS

Compiled by C. J. H.

MASSACHUSETTS

March Warmer Than Ncrmal

Temperatures for the month of
Vlarch were somewhat higher than
lesirable, although the total of
iunshine hours was 227 as com-
3ared to a normal 221. The excess
)f temperature would not be a fav-
jrable factor in the keeping qual-
ity. Rainfall was a little on the
scanty side, there being 3.88 inches
and of snow, 8% inches.

Mostly Uncomfortable Month

March roared in like the pro-
verbial lion with a severe snow-
storm, and the month until near
the end had frequent storms and
was I'aw and uncomfortable. The
coldest day was the 20th with a low
of 8 above, the warmest the 29th.
with 69.

With the previous months of
rain above normal, there is excel-
lent water supply for spring frosts.
[Some bogs were let off late in the
month for "breathers", to be re-
flowed for late-water fruit, while
others were taken off for the sea-
son. There will probably be quite
a lot of late water holding, which
should tend to "up" the quality.
The excessively warm winter
months has caused plenty of
"scum" on many bogs.

No ice sanding was possible dur-
ing the winter, although the open
weather permitted growers ample
opportunity for work around the
bog shores. That much work will
be done this spring, more than is
seasonably necessary, is doubtful.
There will be little new building.

NEW JERSEY

Temperatures Above Normal

The winter portion of March
was rather cold and disagreeable,
(Continued on h'age 6)

Marketing- Agreement Reached April 5

Final plans. for the co-ordinated
marketing arrangement between
American Cranberry Exchange,
National Cranberry Association
and such independents as wish to
join, were completed by a meeting
of cranberry growers from all pro-
ducing areas April 5 at the Hotel
New Yorker, New York. The
growers, acting as an organizing
committee, approved incorporation
papers for the Cranberry Growers
Council, and a proposed cooperative
marketing contract by which all
growers who participate will mar-
ket their fresh berries through the
American Cranberry Exchange,
and market their processing ber-
ries through the National Cran-
berry Association.

Growers not members of either
American Cranberry Exchange or
National Cranberry Association
may also become members of the
newly organized Cranberry Grow-
ers Council; and may market their

cranberries as members of the
Growers Council, thereby using the
cooperative marketing facilities of
the Exchange and the National, re-
spectively. Each of those market-
ing agencies will conduct an inten-
sive advertising campaign on a
national scale under their respect-
ive trademarks, "EATMOR" and
"OCEAN SPRAY".

The certificate of incorporation
for the new organization was exe-
cuted and will be filed promptly.
The incorporators were the follow-
ing well-known cranberry growers:
Arthur D. Benson, Middleboro,
George R. Briggs, Plymouth, Theo-
dore H. Budd, Pemberton, N. J.,
Charles L. Lewis, Shell Lake, Wis.,
John C. Makepeace, Wareham,
Marcus L. Urann, Hanson.

The incorporators will meet for
their final organization meeting on
April 26. Preparations for mar-
keting under the plan consummated
are proceeding immediately.

CAPE ASSOCIATION EXHIBIT APRIL 27

Cape Cod Cranberry Growers'
Association Spring meeting, with
exhibition of cranberry equipment
and supplies, which proved so suc-
cessful last year, is to be repeated,
the date being Wednesday, April
27. This will be at Wareham Me-
morial Town Hall.

Exhibition will open at 9 a. m.,
the displays being in the basement
and at rear of the building for
heavier equipment not suitable for
inside. A total of 21 display spaces
is available. The exhibition is in
charge of a committee consisting
of Raymond F. Morse, West Ware-
ham, and Ferris C. Waite, Ply-
mouth.

At 11 there will be the business
meeting of the association, one of
the matters to be discussed being
a proposal for different classes of
woudl be to raise funds from "sus-
membership. One purpose cf this
taining" members, to be used for
the expenses of the Public Rela-
tions and the Educational Program
committees. At 12.30 there will be
a light lunch. ^ n

The speaking prqgt&m opens^at
2 p. m., in charge of Dr. H. J.
Franklin, who with members of the
Experiment Station staff, will be
speakers. A principal speaker will
be Prof. William Esselin, Univer-
sity of Massachusetts. He will dis-

Five

cuss cranberries in cellophane,
keeping quality in different types
of cellophane, mold, etc. With a
large proportion of the total crop
now being packed in this container,
it will be a topic of much interest
to the growers. Adjournment is at
4 p. m.

Fresh From the Fields

(Continued from page 5)

with temperatures running several
degrees below normal. The first
full day of spring brought a change
with temperatures averaging sev-
eral degrees above normal for the
remainder of the month. This
brought the temperature back up to
normal or slightly above for the
month. The average daily mean
temperature at Pemberton was
43.7°, which is 1.5° above normal.
The lowest tempei'ature in the shel-
ter at Pemberton was 14° on the
morning of the 20th and the high-
est was 79° on the 27th.
Rainfall Under

Rainfall was deficient at Pember-
ton for the first time since last
October. With a superabundance
throughout the winter months,
however, there is no lack of mois-
ture in the soil. Total rainfall for
the month was 2.53 inches, which
is almost exactly an inch below
normal.

Season Way .\head

The warm winter has pushed the
season way ahead of normal. De-
velopment of blueberry buds is
fully a month ahead of last season,
with some of the early varieties
such as Cabot and Weymouth start-
ing to come into bloom during the
closing days of the month in some
fields.

WISCONSIN

Still Lack Water

Snow was falling on April first,
snow which was still needed to
bring up water supplies. The State
as a whole is very short this spring,
creating a threatening situation in
regard to .spring frosts. Most of
the marshes had open water, and
if the weather came on favorably
the water would soon be going off".
WCSCO Packing Improved

Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Com-
pany was in the process of re-
equipping its warehouses and

Six

"streamlining" packaging equip-
ment. When finished the company
will be able to pack and ship rap-
idly in any type of container de-
sired by the trade. D. C. Ham-
mond, Jr., estimates there will be
30-35 cellophane packing machines
in the Company. It is hoped to be
able to pack 2,000-2,500 barrels a
day, using one 9-hour shift.

WASHINGTON

Bad Winter Injury

Excellent weather was prevailing
in March as the winter color was
starting to change on the bogs, but
D. J. Crowley reports, the evidence
of winter injury was showing up
more clearly. Mr. Crowley thought
it was safe to say that practically
every bog has some injury, al-
though in most cases it did not ap-
pear (in March) to have been ser-
ious. On some bogs, however,
there were patches where the up-
rights were killed right to the
ground. Yet if the growing sea-
son turns out to be favorable, he
does not believe the injury will cut
the crop too excessively.

New Plantings

Spring bog work was going on
as usual. Chabot and Newkirk
were planting about 10 acres, all
the planting being by hand. John
Sacks planted 4 acres, this being
put in by machine. Chester Mat-
son planted a couple of acres by
machine, the two being planted in
about six hours, and it apparently
was a first-class job. Carl Brateng
and son, Norman, have built a
small planter that handles about an
acre a day, and they have set out
about two acres. Arthur Duclos
has been sanding some acreage he
hopes to set before May 1. Joe
Alexson and the Wisoner Bi-others
are adding to their acreage.

OREGON

Fertilizer Tests

Experimental fertilizer plots
have been put out at the bogs of
Mr. and Mrs. L. M. Kranick and of
Harry Jackman, these tests being-
run by Dr. W. L. Powers, soil sci-
entist in charge agronomy, Oregon
State College, L. C. Warner, soil
conservation specialist, State Col-
lege, assisted by Coos County Ag-

(Continued on Page 28)

New Plymouth
County Agent
For Cranberries

L. F. Norwood, Jr., Forme:
Athlete, to Devote Mucl
of Time to This Crop. Ex|»
Army Officer — Interestecf
in Art, Photography.

Plymouth County growers, start
ing with the active spring seasor
will have 6 ft. 3 inches and a trifl
over 200 pounds of county agricul
tural agent to assist them in thei
problems. This is Lewis F. Nor
wood, Jr., former football and bas
ketball star, yet a young man wh
is appreciative of art and goo
photography.

Associate County Agent Noi
wood, who came to Plymouth Coun
ty a year ago this month (April
has been assigned by Directo
"Joe" T. Brown of Plymouth Coun
ty Extension Service to devote
considerable part of his time t
cranberries, the most importan
crop of that foremost cranberr;
county.

The Plymouth County Extensioi
Service now, besides Directo
Brown, has two associate count;
agents, two 4-H Club agents, an(
two Home Demonsti'ation agents
Brown has divided the work of hi:
staff largely into specialized activ
ities. Norwood has set his ain
high to reach the objective;
achieved in Plymouth County Ex
tension cranberry work by his im
mediate successors, J. Richar(
Beattie, now Massachusetts Cran
berry Specialist, and "Joe" Brown
himself.

"Lew" Norwood is already wel
known to many growers, as he ha;
airanged and been present at i
number of cranberry club meetings

Norwood was born in Rockport
whijh is located on Massachusetts
north shore. After being graduat-
ed from Rockport High School he
was graduated from Essex Agri-
cultural School, Danvers, in 1936
and then went on to the University
of Massachusetts at Amherst,
where in 1940 he received his de-
gree of Bachelor of Science in
Agriculture. After graduation, he
taught agriculture at the Norfolk

lunty Agricultural School in Wal-
le.

Saw Army Service

Came the war, and he went into
e Army as a private in August
44, coming out a first lieutenant

November 1946. While in the
rvice he attended Infantry offi-
rs' training school in Georgia
id was then assigned to the Pa-
fic Theatre, serving in the Phil-
pines. Following the war, he
turned to Walpole, where he re-
imed his position as vocational
structor in agriculture, and then
I Plymouth County.
Norwood's father is chief engin-
;r at the Rockport water works,
it Norwood's interests have al-
ays been in an out-of-door life
nd he "likes to make things
row". He is finding his initiation
1 cranberry work extremely in-
jresting and is particularly inter-
sted in the use of new spray ma-
erials for cranberries.

"I know I am going to like cran-
lerry work", he asserted, "and I
eel I am coming in at an espec-
ally interesting time. There is a
;Te"at field here with the growing
ise of insecticides, especially the
lewer ones, the chemical control
)f weeds, and the new ideas in
nechanization of so many of the
;ranberry practices".

Norwood is married to the for-
mer Emma Gassett of Whitman, in
.vhich town he makes his home on
Beal Avenue. He has two children,
Lewis, the 3rd, aged 4, and a
daughter, Judith, aged 1. At his
home he has a large garden, both
vegetable and flower. He is a di-
rector of the Whitman Men's Gar-
den Club, and is also secretary of
the finance board of that town,
which has a population of 9,000.

Broadcasts Weekly

One of the duties of Norwood
has been to make a weekly broad-
cast on "Horticultural Day" pro-
gram over Station WBKA (1450
k. w.) Brockton, this program be-
ing from 12 noon to 12.30. Nor-
wood usually comes on about 12.15.
His voice has already become fa-
miliar to many cranberry men, and
soon his "athletic form" will be fa-
miliar on the bogs of Plymouth
County.

THE RISING SUN OF CRANBERRY CULTURE
TOUCHED LIFE TO INDUSTRY IN NEW
JERSEY NEARLY AS SOON AS ON CAPE COD

There, Too, Beginnings Were at a Propitious Time-— Ben-
iamin Thomas Probably Began as Early as 1836, Followed
by "John Webb", a Most Colorful Cranberry Pioneer.

by CLARENCE J. HALL

(Editor's Note —This is the fifth in the series of articles upon the history of
the cranberry industry).

Following the first faltering steps at Dennis, which proved to be not
so faltering after all, cranberry cultivation began elsewhere. Perhaps a
better way to put it would be that while some, certainly many on Cape
Cod and others in Massachusetts were unquestionably inspired by the
Dennis successes, there were also spontaneous outbreaks at more distant
points. The bright morning sun of cranberry culture was rismg, and us
i-ays touched and brought to life the dormant bud which had lam neglect-
ed since long before the advent of the white man to America.

In New Jersey this sun of cranberry culture arose almost as early as
on Cape Cod. There attempts to develop cranberry growing date appar-
ently from about 1835.

Very material progress was be-
ing made in New Jersey after the
War of 1812. A railroad and two
canals helped in this. The first
rails were laid years before Cape
Cod was to have steam service, this
line being the Camden & Aniboy,
given a charter in 1830 by the Jer-
sey legislature. The following year
the first engine arrived at Phila-
delphia from England and was
shipped to Bordentown, that old

and historic town being today the
location of National Cranberry As-
sociation's New Jersey cannery.
Nicknamed the "John Bull", engine
No. 1 made a gala run, drawing
several carriages, which really were
carriages, being merely stage
coaches fitted with new wheels and
coupled together. Members of the
legislature from nearby Trenton
came down for a free ride and there
were other notables among the

WATER WHITE KEROSENE

and

STODDARD SOLVENT

PETROLEUM SALES & SERVICE, INC.

Hedge Road - Plymouth, Mass.
Phone Plymouth 1499

_

Seven

passengers, including Madam Mur-
at, wife of Prince Lucian Murat.
The Delaware & Raritan Canal
was chartered on the same day as
the C. & A. railroad and Borden-
town became its first terminus.
The Morris was the other canal.
Cranberry growing in South Jersey
started at a propitious time.
"The Pines" of New Jersey
Cultivation was then, and still is
confined chiefly to three counties,
Burlington, Ocean and Atlantic.
These three include much of what
is known as "The Pines" of South
Jersey, an area famed in history
and story. It is a region of about
1,200,000 acres of pine forests on
the uplands, cedar in the swamps,
flat, but with swift-running, amber-
colored, but clear streams. The
soil is light and sandy.

"The Pines", and in fact much
of South Jersey is counterpart to
Southeastern Massachusetts in
more ways than one. "Plymouth
Woods" in Plymouth county, where
there is a great concentration of
bogs today, with its light sand and
pine trees is similar. Again, as in
Plymouth County, bog iron was
mined and manufactured. In pre-
Revolutionary days "The Pines"
hummed with activity, but the lit-
tle communities around the forges
and furnaces turned to ghost towns
(as did the Plymouth iron sites be-
come all but forgotten locations).
There was even glass blowing, as
there was at Sandwich on Cape Cod.
There were paper manufacturies.
There were the lumber industries,
the white cedar and the pine. Many
ships were built and launched along
the Mullica, Wading, Little Egg
Harbor rivers and other streams.
There was some salt made from the

sea, as on Cape Cod.

The peoples of the Pines, living
in this unbelievably isolated dis-
trict, only 40 miles from Philadel-
phia and 80 from New York when
cranberry bogs were being built in
the swamps and mill ponds fur-
nished the water power for the
mills and founderies, were descend-
ants of the first esttlers. These
had been bog ore miners, lumber
workers, glass blowers, soldiers
and sailors of Washington's time,
Hessians who preferred the isolat-
ed life of "The Pines" to going
back to their own country.

Quaker Influence Strong
South Jersey as a whole was col-
onized in the earliest days by immi-
grants from Holland, Sweden, Ger-
many. There were the Scotch-
Irish, New Englanders from Cape
Cod, Nantucket, Connecticut, from
Long Island, and there were the
Friends, or the Quakers, but the
Quaker influence was strongest — it
is also strong today. Many early
growers were of the faith of the
Friends. South Jersey is also quite
English in many respects. There
are the Georgian houses; the names
of many of the towns are English,
Gloucester, Chesterfield, Weymouth,
Springfield. There was a type of
manor life, but not as sumptuous
as that of Tide-water Virginia.
These mansions contrast sharply
with the more humble houses made
of the white cedar clapboards
which were never painted and are
today darkened by age, but practi-
cally impervious to the elements.

Much use was made of brick, and
in many of the towns these houses
are cheek to jowl, city fashion,
streets and sidewalks are often of
brick, they are small cities, without

the open squares at the center ■
many a New England villag
There is an air of antiquity stror
in New Jersey, with a touch of tl
south, there is some iron work c
balconies and iron gates and fence
But it was in the Pines, in th
area of most unusual names sue
as Ong's Hst, Hospitality, Mt. Mi;
ery, Penny Pot, Batsto, Tabernacl
Mizpah, Oriental, Calico, Frien(
ship. Retreat, Double Trouble ar
near by Good Luck, many of the;
places now closely associated wit
cranberry growing, that the indu:
try began to make its greate:
headway. What these "Pine.'
were like in isolation, desolatic
and probably eerieness in appea:
ance in the 1830s and 40s it wou!
be hard to imagine. Certainly tht
were not Times Square! But wit
the coming of the cranberry indu:
ti-y in later years and still muc
later the coming of the Model 1
and the splendid highway systen
over the level country, their isol;
tion has to a considerable extei
given way.

Cranberries Native to "Pines"
These inhabitants of the Pine;
"Pineys" as they have been referre
to, as a Cape Codder has been des
ignated as a "Swamp Yankee", o
a native Floridian a "Cracker'
were no strangers to the wild cran
berry. They had gathered then
since first times, sometimes befon
ripening, when they were sprea(
out and left to color under a cov
ering of green boughs and leaves
excluding the rays of the sun.

As a matter of fact, as long ag(
as 1789 an act was passed by th(
New Jersey legislature to preveni
their early picking. This law im
posed a penalty of ten shillings

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1

for the picking on the unreclaimed
swamps before the 10th of October,
the intent being, of course, to give
the fruit a chance to ripen. There
were many famous natural cran-
berry beds in the region.

One of the most famous of the
natural cranberry beds of "The
Pines" was known as "Buffin's
Meadow,', which finally became a
part of the Whitesbog properties
(J. J. White, Inc.) James A. Fen-
wick, founder of Whitesbog, and of
whom more will be heard later,
told this story of the gathering of
the wild fruit:

For years these (Buffin's Mea-
dows) have been known to all
the farmers for miles away from
them as a resort (after the busy
season) for picking huckleberries
and also cranberries for the win-
ter supply of their tables. As
many as 60 covered wagons have
been thei'e at a time, with horses
tethered to trees around the edge.
Besides there were many poor
people of the Pines, putting up
in crude cabins and turf huts be-
side the bogs, picking cranberries

for sale

Another source of wild cranber-
ries was around the northern end
of Barnegat Bay. There William
Downey, great-grandfather of
James D. Holman, present promi-
nent New Jersey grower, collected
the fruit, carted it by wagon to Red
Bank, and sent it from there to
New York City by boat. Mr. Dow-
ney, who died in 1866, was reput-
edly very successful in these annual
cranberry ventures.

First Growers
But to get on with the story of
cranberry cultivation. The general-
ly-accepted account of the begin-
nings is a rather tenuous one, at
least as to the first cultivator.
This is to be found in the "Proceed-
ings of the 64th annual meeting of
the American Cranberry Growers'
Association", 19.34, when Theodore
H. Budd, Sr., read a paper his
grandfather, Theodore, had given
before the same association some
30 years before. This paper said:

"I think the credit of being the
first cultivator of cranberries in
New Jersey belongs to either
Benjamin Thomas, John Webb
or William R. Braddock, and
probably the position these gen-
tlemen held to each other as
pioneers would be as I have named
them.

"I visited Mr. Thomas' little
patch in the fall of 1855, and was

very much interested in the quan-
tity that would grow on a single
rod, and the size and color com-
pared with the wild berries. He
told me then that he commenced
to grow cranberries in a small
way about twenty years before,
which would make the time of his
commencement date back to
1835. This small patch was lo-
cated on the edge of Burr's mill
pond. . . .

"This cranberry meadow had
no conveniences in the way of
dams or streams to flow or irri-
gate, but they looked fine and
remained healthy for many years
until they were destroyed by the
fireworm, which I think was near
the close of the 60s".

This statement by the Hon. Mr.
Budd, long a leader in the earlier
New Jersey cranberry industry in
placing this order of beginning has
been recognized as in all probabil-
ity being accurate. The Rev. Mr.
F. H. Durell. president of the as-
sociation at its 50th annual conven-
tion August 23, 1919 when several
historical papers were read, quotes
Mr. Budd's speech. Research ap-
pears to bear this out also. It
might be noted there is no refer-
ence to sanding in the remarks by
Mr. Budd, and it is extremely un-
likely that Thomas had ever heard
of Henry Hall or the "Cape Cod
method", and may have considered
himself as striking out in a brand
new form of fruit cultivation.

J. J. White wrote in his "Cran-

berry Culture", 1870:

"It was not until the year 1845
that the first vines were planted
in New Jersey; and for several
years the history of the Cape Cod
pioneers was repeated in the
numerous failures that followed.
Although the Jerseymen had
heard something of the success
of cranberry culture in New Eng-
land, but they knew little or noth-
ing of the methods of cultivation
by which this success was
achieved. Having nothing to
guide them in their eai'ly at-
tempts at cranberry culture, it is
not surprising that the New Jer-
sey growers found it unprofitable.
Indeed, it is estimated that until
the year 1860, nine-tenths of
those who undertook it failed.

"John Webb of Ocean County
was perhaps one of the earliest
experimenters in this State. He
commenced by removing some
sods from a neighboring swamp
and placing them in a damp spot
that proved to be adaptable to
their growth; in this they flour-
ished, and in the course of time
the ground was covered with
vines yielding paying crops."

Concerning Mr. Thomas it is im-
possible to learn much. His grand-
son, Carlton Thomas, manager of
J. G. Montgomery Company, lum-
ber dealers of Pemberton, can only
say that his grandfather has been
given the credit of pioneering.
Benjamin Thomas was a wood saw-
er and his son after him.

Burr's mill is located a little
way off route 40, east of Red Lion

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Rotary circle, and it has all but
lapsed into oblivion, as has the
first bog. There is a tumbling-
down and abandoned old house, a
few small sheds, and a newer house
in which lives the bog foreman for
Vinton Thompson, who operates
bogs there owned by Mrs. Edith
Haines.

"Peg-Leg" John Webb

Getting to the rather amazing
story of the man who unquestion-
ably must be called New Jersey's
pioneer cultivator of the cranberry
in any true sense of the word
brings into focus John I. Webb of
Cassville, which is in Jackson
Township in Ocean County. "Peg-
Leg John", so-called, because most
of his life he had a wooden leg,
was one of the most colorful and
remarkable characters of the early
industry. He built a bog, as had
Henry Hall, using sand, because,
being observing, he noted that
where sand covered wild vines the
berries were better and bigger.

And, as in the case of Mr. Ben-
jamin, it is extremely unlikely that
he had ever heard of Henry or the
Cape Cod experimenters. Also, as
in the case of Henry, the date of his
first preparing bog is conjectural,
varying from "about 1835" into
the 1840s, or even a little later.
Unlike Henry, he made considerable
rums in his cranberry culture, only
to lose this fortune.

John Webb was born May 8,
1808, the youngest of seven broth-
ers, in a large, long house, the son
of a well-to-do farmer of the reg-
ion. On his farm he had a fine
orchard. The vicinity is about sev-
en miles west of Lakewood, three
miles north of the U. S. Naval (di-
rigible) Base at Lakehurst and
about seven miles from the sea-
coast.

One reason, although a rather
fragile one, given for a date of be-
ginning as early as 1835 or a few
years after, is that he kept his
money in a bag and when he mar-
ried at the age of 42, his wife being
named Elizabeth Lane, was that he
said the money for his wedding
came from his "cranberry bog".

John incurred the name of "Peg-
Leg" in this way. When he was a
boy his leg was injured by a fall-
ing tree. In this unfortunate oc-
currence cranberries played a part.
The story is told that folk-lore
medical advice of the neighborhood
urged a hot poultice made of cran-
berries to clear up the ulcer which
had formed on his leg. Possibly
gangrene set in and he was sent
to Keyport on muleback. There
he took a sailing vessel to New
York where at a hospital his leg
was amputated just above the knee.

However, this early mishap did
not stop him from starting in on
a useful career. As a young man

VERNON GOLDSWORTHY

Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Cranberry Consultant on any

Cranberry Problem

either Scientific or Practical

Laying Out New Marshes a Specialty

Complete Marsh Management

and Supervision by year

can be arranged if desired

B.S.-M.S.

University of Wisconsin

he was a s:hool teacher, walking
five miles a day to and from the
school-house. Mr. Webb lived or
at the Webb homestead.

Wild cranberries grew in the
region. One day he was draining
a bog for a meadow and all around
the edge native cranberries grew in
profusion. He could see no reason
the story goes, why the treatment
of the entire area could not be fol-
lowed with good results. The next
season he began his bog. Ht ^
pulled stumps and other foreign I
substances, levelled the peaty bot- '
tom, drained by ditches which di- j
vided it into oblong beds, and ovei
the plots spread sand. Then he is
reputed to have set the vines, us- 1
ing his peg-leg as a huge dibble. |
The area of his original bog is not i
known. It is said to have eventual- ,
ly reached many acres. 1

Had Great Success

For a time he had astonishing
success with growing cranberries.
His bogs were at their best during
the Civil War "boom" and he sold
berries for $50.00 a barrel. At one
time he sold 42 barrels at the bog
for $40.00 to a Philadelphia buyer
which saved him the expense of
transportation to the Friendly
City. The highest sale price he
received is said to have been $60.
Others were selling cranberries at
$40 and $50 a barrel at that time,
so the story is not hard to believe.
Probably not many barrels, how-
ever, were sold at these fantastic
prices. '

A good cranberry grower, Mr. •
Webb was apparently not a good :
business man. With the money \
coming in from his bog he spec- i
ulated heavily in woodland, during
the war anticipating a rise in real
estate values. He developed his
farm into one of the best in that
part of New Jersey. He had large
apple and pear orchards; barns full
of hay and corn. He had a dozen
or more cows and a piggery. He
is reputed to have given land and
built a school for the children of \
his region, his own being among
the 30 or 40 there to receive their
education.

People of the neighborhood came
to depend upon "Peg-Leg" John
and those who worked on his bog
he permitted to run up grocery
bills at the store to his credit.

Ten

i

Misfortune Came

But the price of woodland in his
irea did not go up. As the woods
vere cut back, a stream which sup-
)lied water to his bog dried up.
rhe bogs were injured by frosts,
finally he was presented with a
)ill from the grocery whicli is said
;o have amounted to several thou-
sand dollars. He mortgaged his
lOuse to pay off this debt.

Although Mr. Webb married
•elatively late in life he had 11
;hildren, the youngest of whom
vas Mrs. Harriet Clifford of New
^ork, from whom a large part of
;his information was obtained be-
fore her death about a year ago.
She vividly remembered the hard
;imes which fell upon her father
luring the "Cleveland" depression.
3he helped with the farm work and
;ame to be known as "John Webb's
3oy". When apples which she had
prepared for market fell to ten
;ents a bushel they were fed to the
pigs.

Mr. Webb is described as always
1 staunch Democrat. He was a
large man, impressive-looking in
spite of his wooden leg.

At the time of his death, March
17, 1893, his achievements as a
cranberry grower were recognized
in the New York press.

Achieved Fame as
Cranberry Pioneer

At the time of his death, the
Toms River (N. J.) Courier said:
"John Webb, whom Ocean County,
and not only Ocean County alone,
but all the South Jersey seashore,

Cape Cod and Wisconsin, owes a
debt of gratitude as the originator
of cranberry cultivation, died at
his home "

This was not quite accurate, as
he did not precede, but as for being
Jersey's real pioneer, there seems
to be no doubt of that.

Even the Yarmouth Register of
Yarmouth, Cape Cod, of October
16, 1886, had an article (apparent-
ly clipped from some unnamed
New Jersey newspaper) giving this
"Peg-Leg" John credit as the orig-
inator of cranberry cultivation, al-
though it would have seemed the
"Register", being in the heart of
Cape Cod cranberry land, might
have been a little more careful in
its editing.

Bounced Berries Downstairs

Honored though he was and
should be for his contribution to
the cranberry industry, as culti-
vator he contributed in still an-
other way. This was due to the
fact that his berries were stored
in a second story at his barn. He
could not carry them down, so he
poured them down the steps. As
said before, being an observant
man, he noted only the sound ones
reached the bottom. The rest re-
mained on the steps.

Webb is believed to have men-
tioned this fact, and it reached the
ears of D. T. Staniford of New-
Brunswick, also in Ocean County
and not far away. Mr. Staniford
was a man of mechanical leaning,
and the story has come down and
generally given wide acceptance

that he was inspired by this obsei'-
vation of Webb to develop the
first cranberry separator, basing it
upon this "bounce" principle, the
same principle upon which berries
are sorted today.

Cassville today, although about
the exact center of Jackson Town-
ship, is a country crossroads, with
a small group of houses, a church,
and a grocery store. All that re-
mains of Webb's bogs, located off
the road to Lakehurst, are a few
vines and remains of dikes.

However, a few still remember
"Peg-Leg" John and one of these
is Arthur Burke, who runs the
crossroads store. Mr. Burke is
himself a cranberry grower, own-
ing since 1928 about 10 acres near
Freehold in neighboring and his-
torical Monmouth County.

This bog, Mr. Burke believes,
dates from 1863-64, and is planted
to native Jerseys. Mr. Burke is a
director of Independent New Jersey
Cranberry Company.

Mr. Burke, who was pretty young
in Mr. Webb's last years, can recall
him slightly, but, more interesting-
ly still, he does recall picking cran-
berries by hand on the V/ebb bogs
when they were owned by John
Webb's widow.

William Braddock

Of the cranberry operations of
William Braddock, probably New
Jersey's third grower, not much in-
formation is obtainable, as in the
case of Thomas, except that Mr.
Braddock is reputed to have set
"improved" varieties and that his

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HAYDEN SEPARATOR MFG- CO.

E. C. ST. JACQUES WAREHAM 497-W R. H. St. JACQUES

Western Pickers, Inc., Asks
About the Ideal Cranberry Picker

Mr. Grower — Have you tried to design your ideal picker yet? If
not, suppose you try to design one mentally right now. What would be
the most important features of such a machine? Would it be first cost,
or weight, or simplicity, or clean picking or damage to vines, bog or ber-
ries— or would it be speed, or costs of operation, or durability, or diffi-
culty in getting replacement parts, or training operators for a temper-
amental machine, or what?

Moat growers who have expressed themselves say that getting the
berries picked at low cost without damage to the bog would probably be
the first consideration. If a machine would do this the first price of the
picker would be a minor item.

Then the next important thing would be how clean the bog is picked
and whether the berries are damaged. Following this the speed of the
picking would be important, so that the Grower would not be dependent
on large numbers of short-time employees whose first interest is naturally
in themselves. Then after these most vital things have been taken care
of the Grower would like his picker to be easily serviced, have a long life
expectancy, be easily moved, easily stored and easily operated.

During the 1948 picking season in Massachusetts it was demon-
strated over and over again that the Western Picker can pick efficiently
over a wide variety of bogs; that the vines and bogs are definitely im-
proved, that the berries are not bruised, that the costs are definitely
much lower than with any ether method of picking, that it is also much
faster and cheaper, that any average High School boy can operate the
Western Picker after a minimum amount of practice, and that it will pick
any measured acre of bog in one or two days, depending on how fast the
operator wants to run it. In short, the Western Picker approaches the
ideal cranberry picker in its actual performance.

Many Growers who first see the Western Picker in action say that
it greatly resembles a picker they have had in mind. Some think it
should be wider so it will cover more ground in a certain time, but if the
ground is uneven the machine would not be nearly so flexible. Some
think the machine should weigh more — others say it should weigh less.
Western thinks that the best weight is that which uses the full horse-
power of the right-sized engine so that the driving wheels will not skid,
or the machine tear through the hog like a bulldozer, but still heavy
enough so the picker docs not have to be pushed through a mass of vines.
In other words, traction is a function of the weight, and the weight
should be kept low enough to permit easy handling on turns, over ditches,
and moving from bog to bog.

Still others think that picking and pruning are two distinct operations
and both cannot be done best in one combined operation. The 1949 West-
ern Picker is designed to work with or without pruning. Let the Grower
decide which is best for his conditions. This model is a durable, substan-
tial machine and will give a minimum amount tf trouble. Western
Pickers Inc. will maintain experienced technicians to advise and instruct
in its efficient operation.

This coming season, attention will be primarily directed to the fresh
berry market and the time between picking and shipping will be a vital
consideration. If you can pick and dispose of all the berires on 10 acres
in 20 days with one Western Picker, you can't afford to be without one.
This is what the Western Picker can do for you, and waiting in line next
year for a Western Picker is not going to solve this year's ijroblem when
your fixed costs will still remain fairly high and the price of berries will
probably remain fairly low. You should pay for a machine in two years
picking. Why not mechanize your picking now? Western Pickers Inc.
Mill still take your order for this year's delivery. .Address communica-
tions to Coos Bay, Oregon. (Advt.)

Twelve

bogs were near Medford in Bu
lington County. Of the three Je
sey gi'owers, he would have hi
the most opportunity to have hea;
of the Massachusetts experiment

William Braddock was born O
tober 19, 1779 and died Decemb'
12, 1853, so it would seem he mu
have begun his cranberry cultiv:
tion in the 40's. His son, Jo
(June 13, 1823-January 31, 1889
his son, Edmund (born Dec. 3, 184
<lied Feb. 10, 1914), all had larj
acreages of uplands and bogs,
had William, several hundred acri
in all. Job and Edmund owned sa
mills and started in the cranberi
business as young men and conti
ued growing cranberries until the
deaths.

Edmund's son. Job (born Man
23, 1884) and today in the re
estate and insurance business
Medford, helped his father in era
berries for several years. The
bogs were sold in 1915. At tl
time of Edmund's death he owm
Braddock's Mills, Buzby's Mil!
Popular Grove, Kettle Run ai
Hoses Run.

His Bogs Now Lakes

The Braddock bogs are no lonj
er in existence as bogs. As
matter of fact, they made a rathi
peculiar circuit, as did some othi
bogs in the Medford area. Ori}
inally bog- iron was mined in ti
olden days from their locatioi'
tliese being known as "deep watei
mines. Long after the minin
activities had ceased and whe
cranberry culture came in, thes
locations were dammed and the
were turned into bogs, Braddock
probably being the first of such.

At best some of these bogs hai
proved to be only marginal i
quality and in about the

were diverted to still another at
tivity. They were turned into pic
turesque lakes for summer resort
ers. Beaches were bulldozed an
the shores today are lined with at
tractive summer cottages. Thes
include the well-known Medfori
Lakes with their many rustic lo|
cabins, often far more luxuriou
than mere cabins. Other old bog;
now become summer resorts ari
the Taunton Lakes, Pine Lakes am
Lake Ockanickon, with its WYC^
camp, which was one of the Brad-
dock bogs.

(Continued on Paee 28)

ISSUE OF APRIL, 1949
Vol. 13 No. 12

:ONFIDENCE— A "GUEST" EDITORIAL

■Confidence was the key word at the Cran-
■^ berry Marketing Conference of March
7th at the Wareham Town Hall. Confi-
ience from the grower all the way through
0 the consumer was stressed as being an
ssential factor to the success of our cran-
lerry business.

Now let us emphasize confidence from
he very heart of our industry. Confidence
.rnong we cranberry growers in each other,
i'or if there is a lack of confidence among
ve growers it will reflect right back
hrough the various groups who handle our
)erries on to the consumer, as it has these
)ast couple of years.

This trend towards closer cooperation
rom within the industry is being consid-
sred with much enthusiasm among all
growers, regardless of what organization
hey may be associated with. For we grow-
ers are looking forward to this movement
,0 cure the critical ills of our industry and
iDut it on a firm foundation for the future.

The final goal most growers have in
mind is worthy of the utmost of confidence
l)f all. Let us hope that the larger and m-
luential growers who influence the course
)f our industry plan and act in a way that
iviW justify and encourage a feeling of con-

idence among us.

Lawrence Cole
North Carver, Mass.

mphasis in many industries, including
the agricultural, is being placed upon
-narketing. It now appears beyond a shad-
3W of a doubt that the post-war cornmodity
peaks in prices and business activities have
been reached. Business and prices have
declined somewhat, but to date the reces-
sion has been relatively modest. The busi-
ness index has fallen off, unemployment
has been rising. How far this recession
will go none of the "experts" seem inclined
to predict, except there is hope, backed by
some favorable factors, there will be no
real depression.

However, the sellers' buggy-ride is over
—the buyer is now in the driver's seat. The
cranberry is not the only product of the soil
which is feeling the pinch — citrus is point-
ed out as in much tougher shape. Nobody
even seems to want to buy stocks any more,
even at present levels, which some finan-
cial economists describe as bargains. The

O Z^'^"^'^""^^^

CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM. MASSACHUSETTS

Subscription $3.00 per year
Advertising rates upon application

Editor and Publisher
CLARENCE J. HALL

CORRESPONDENTS-ADVISORS
Wisconsin

C. D. HAMMOND, Jr.
Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin

Washington-Oregon

J. D. CROWLEY
Cranberry Specialist
Long Beach, Wash.

ETHEL M. KRANICK
Bandon, Oregon

Massachusetts

DR. HENRY J. FRANKLIN

Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station

East Wareham, Mass.

BERTRAM TOMLINSON

Barnstable County Agricultural Agent

Barnstable, Mass.

New Jersey

CHARLES A. DOEHLERT,

New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station

V.'M. E. TOMLINSON, JR.

Pemberton, New Jersey

only business which shows no prospect of
a slump is that of taxation — federal, state
and local.

As dubious as returns were trom last
fall's crop, this is not the first time the cran-
berry men have been up against a bad
year. What other agricultural industry
can show a record of almost uninterrupted
good or satisfactory yeai's for the past
quarter century or so? The industry as a
whole will surmount the present obstacles

there already seems to be better cheer,

as note the unsolicited guest editorial
above.

TViirtccn

Showing Cranberry display at Union Agricultural meeting, Worcester. Mass., ar-
ranged under direction of Publicity Committee. Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association,
"Bill" Wyeth, chairman, and Cranberry Specialist "Dick" Beattie. The latter is seated
between "Ed" L. Bartholomew, NECSCO, left, and Ferris Waite, NCA, riuht.

Group on stage at the "Marketing Conference", Wareham Memorial Town Hall, March 17: — left to right. Prof. Fred
H. Cole, Extension Marketing Specialist and former State Commissioner of Agriculture and panel on "From Screenhouse
to Consumer"; sealed, Raymond Morse, NECSCO; Lawrence Bailey, NCA; E. Clyde McGrew, ACE; Kenneth Atwill, NCA;
Melville C. Beaton, Beaton's Distributing Agency, Wareham (Independent); David Nathan, Warren & Son, wholesalers.
Providence; seated at "consumers' table", Miss Louise Day and Ferris Waite, NCA, although only the feet of Mr. Waite
show in the picture. (CRANBERRIES Photo)

I

T?'

NEW JERSEY'S FIRST BOG—
Benjamin Thomas (May 21, 1788-
January 28, 1871, built a bog near
the above site at Burr's Mills, only
relic now standing this ancient
house (above) or possibly near
Sooy Place (left). Both locations
are close together. Historic Sooy
Place was a large grant of land,
and records trace a structure there
back at least as far as 1700, this
having been an inn on a stage
coach highway from Philadelphia
to the coast at Tuckahoe. A por-
tion of this burned Feb. 19 of this
year, and the section remaining,
shown in the photo (left) made
of the native white cedar, as sound
as ever, dates from 1801. It has
been said Thomas's very first
start was on the south side of the
road from Retreat to Sooy Place,
and by old-timers is still known
as the "Ben Thomas Bog", and
traces still remain.

(CRANBERRIES Photo)

Fifteen

CASSVILLE, N. J.—
Where John Webb had
his bogs. Upper shows
Methodist church, more
I ban 100 years old.
Right, Arthur Burke,
who picked berries on
the Webb bog, stands in
front of his cross-roads
grocery store.

(CRANBERRIES Photo)

Sixte

■ $Sk1S>'

"CRANBERRY-BOG" LAKtb. Nc-W Jersey Upper shows bench iii

which was Braddncks Mills.

■aulildi WeJlord Lakes; lower Lake tJk-ini^l.on,
(CRANBERRIES Photos)

Cutting Costs

How costs might be lowered in
the future by improved mechanical
bog operations, and how insecticide
control costs might be cut this sea-
son were principal topics at meet-
ings of the Southeastern Cranberry-
Club, Rochester, March 22, and
South Shore Club, Plympton, March
24. Election of officers was also
held at these final sessions of the
Plymouth County groups.

At South Shore, Orrin G. Colley,
who has served three years as

Banquets — Clam Bakes — Parties

ANNOUNCING

HOLMES & YOUNG

CATERING SERVICE
Carver, Mass.

CRANBERRIES

With Every Meal

George E. Young Norman V. Holmes
Tel. Midd. 557 -R Tel. Carver 10-4

president and, with the other offi-
cers who, highly commended by
Cranberry Specialist J. Richard
Beattie for excellent co-operation
with Extension work, said he had
rather not serve further, feeling
someone else should have the privi-
lege. In the election he was suc-
ceeded by Stanley Benson, Middle-
boro, NECSCO, who had served for
three years as secretary-treasurer.
William Stearn, Plympton, succeed-
ed Mr. Benson, while Louis Billings
became vice president, and the ad-
visory committee was Russell Tru-
fant and George Crowell.

Southeastern re-elected Emil C.
St. Jacques, president, this being
his second term; vice president,
Russell Makepeace; secretary-treas-
urer, G. T. Beaton; advisory com-
mittee, Frank Crandon, Ray Morse,
and auditor, M. C. Beaton, all re-
elections.

Clubs Not to Unite

There was consideration at both
meeting of the thought of combin-
ing the meetings of the two clubs
in the future, but this action was
tabled indefinitely, as it was felt
the purposes of the organizations

were best served by smaller, loca
and more "intimate"' gatherings
and a large body might be felt t<
be in conflict with Cape Cod Cran
berry Growers' Association. Rathe;
small attendances were present ai
each. Supper was served at Roch
ester, none at Plympton.

Prof. Earl Cox, Agricultural En
gineering Department, Universitj
of Massachusetts, substituting foi
H. N. Stapleton at both meetings
spoke of "Mechanizing Cranberrj
Operations", saying it was plannec
to do some test work, with cost
studies, whereby cheaper operations
could be introduced into variou.'
factors of mechanical operations
There are frequently ways of cut-
ting costs, he declared..

He said it might be possible tc
get out a lighter weight sprayei
which would get onto the bogs, anc
avoid a crew of 6 or 8 men drag-
ging hose and tramping over tht
vines. He said there would be
studies upon improved methods ol
spreading fertilizer.

He contrasted dry scooping with
wet raking, as is generally prac-
ticed in Wisconsin. An experiment

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write to Agricultural Chemicals Division,
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'reg. u. s. pat. off.

Eighteen

Photo Ccurlesy Bell Aircraft Corp.

as made along this line at the
tate Bog last fall. He referred
the experiments of "The West-
rn Picker" last year.

Electric-Eye Separator

As to injuries caused by "bounc-
ig"' berries in the present-type
sparator, he touched upon an elec-
:-ic eye device. That might have
onie advantages in preventing the
resent bruising, but he said the
eye'' would not pick out rotten
erries, as the soft spot would be
he same color as the sound part
f the berry. It would, however,
istinguish between the green or

hite berry, and could cull these
ut for holding.

Discussing cellophane pack, he
sserted experiments were being
lade with "films" or waxes to
liminate the carbon dioxide, which
ranberries could not stand (as for
nstance, apples could for ripening)

hen packed in this container for
he retail trade. He told of the
torage of Howes and also Early
Jlacks at 35 degrees in experiment
t the State Bog and these showed
ittle difference in degree of spoil-

age, whether they had been ma-
chine or hand picked and hand
sorted or dry scooped or water
raked. Berries which were of ex-
cellent quality last fall did not,
however, offer a "fair" test, he said,
and in any event tests would have
to be continued for five or six years
before any definite recommenda-
tions could be reached.
Franklin Urges Use of Insect Net

and Hand Lens

Dr. H. J. Franklin said, as every-
body knows, financial conditions in
the cranberry industry are not the
same in 1949 as they have been in
past years. Since this is the case,
"we must find some ways to pro-
duce cranberries at lesser costs.
We must learn to economize in our
bog operations."

One of the best ways of econo-
mizing, he said, was in greater use
of water in insect control. "I have
in mind, as a means of saving costs
in insecticides, particularly greater
and moi-e careful use of the insect
net and the hand lens. There is no
doubt that in past years we have
wasted a great deal of money in

the needless use of insecticides. We

have sprayed and dusted whether
we knew we had to or not."

After stressing these items of
more intense sweeping and the
learning of the use of the hand
lens for smaller insects and espec-
ially fruitworm egg count, he dis-
cussed the 1949 insect control chart
and the new insect bulletins issued,
or to be issued.

Dr. Chester E. Cross spoke on
"Weed Control This Year", Mr.
Beattie substituting, reading his
paper at the Rochester session.
There was a movie, "Good Neigh-
bor Family".

MATHEWS

CONVEYOR

and

TRACK

Frost Insecticide Co.

Box 36
ARLINGTON, 74

MASS.

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CUPROLIGNUM COPPER BOTTOM PAINT

with the addition of Cuprolignum gives added resistance to bar-
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which remain after paint film has completely disintegrated.

New England Representative

ROBERT S. CHASE

195 Marlboro Street Boston 16, Mass.

Manufacturers: RUDD & CUMMINGS, Seattle, Washington

Nineteen

COMPREHENSIVE MARKETING CONFERENCE FOR MASS. GROWERS

"From Screenhouse to Con-
sumer" Program Teaches
Even Older Growers Some
Things They Didn't Real-
ize.

A "Cranberry Marketing Con-
ference", to present in a simple
and comprehensive manner the
fundamentals of the successful mar-
keting of cranberries at Wareham
Memorial Town Hall, March 17th,
more than lived up to its an-
nounced intention, covering com-
prehensively all the steps from
production, cleaning, sorting, siz-
ing, bagging, storage, processing,
warehousing, advertising, distrib-
uting, brokerage, wholesaling, re-
tailing, to consuming. An attend-
ance of nearly 200, many of them
cranberry growers of many years
experience, admitted at the close
of the all-day session they had
learned many things about their
own business they had not realized
before.

Morning session opened at 10,
Emil C. St. Jacques, president of
the Southeastern Cranberry Club,

presiding. He introduced as the
first speaker, Sumner Parker,
chairman of the Massachusetts Ag-
ricultui'al Program Board. Former
State Commissioner of Agriculture
and now Extension Marketing
Specialist, U. of M. Fred Cole act-
ed in the capacity of master of
ceremonies in the opening discus-
sion, keeping the meeting moving
at a fast pace.

Mr. Parker explained that the
board of which he is chairman is
made up of 12 units, from the Bur-
eau of Agricultural Economics to
Extension Sei^vice, and its purpose
was to coordinate and bring to-
gether these state services. He
welcomed the growers and pledged
the service of this board in the so-
lution of their problems.

J. Richard Beattie, Massachu-
setts Cranberry Specialist, who was
"manager" of this important meet-
ing, thanked all who had assisted
in the program and getting to-
gether and arranging a comprehen-
sive cranberry display. He an-
nounced to the growers the pur-
pose of the meeting. It was, he

said, "to get at the fundamenta 1
of marketing. I feel sure the grow I
ers can be made moi'e conscious A
some of the very exacting prol
lems of your marketing agents, an i
with better understanding improve i
ments can be made."

Cole Led Discussion

Mr. Cole led the discussion o
"Cranberries from the Screenhous
to the Consumer." He said: "Ou
job is to explain the progress c
cranberries from your bogs to th
table of the consumer. "No agr
cultural product is worth much ur
til it is consumed — the growing c
cranberries means little to yo
unless your berries are eaten. Not
how do these berries get on table
in New York, Kansas City, Sa
Francisco, etc? This is what w
are going to try to explain thi
morning all the way througl
starting with the screenhouse.
Screening — Ray Morse

Ray Morse of New Englan
Cranberry Sales Company was th
speaker for this topic. "We hav
come a long way", he said, "frori
the old-fashioned method when th>

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grower took a separator down to
the bog-, winnowed his fruit, poured
it in a barrel, headed the barrel
and carted it away to the depot
that same day. We in the NECSCO
want at least 36 hours of cooling
before separation. We've come
fro mthe barrel to the half-barrel,
the quarter-barrel box, to the cel-
lophane.

"We have come to more central-
ized packing. Fewer growers are
doing their own, and, we believe,
rightly so. Your organizations are
doing it for you efficiently and eco-
nomically. Increasing costs make
it hard for the individual to oper-
ate his own screenhouse."

He said studies showed screening
costs varied from 25 cents a barrel
to $2.50, most from 30 cents to 70,
but he believed a fair average
might be 70 cents. Demand is get-
ting more particular in a quality
pack and central packing houses
getting more efficient, but he hoped
"some day we will have a machine
which will not have to bounce
cranberries all over the lot in
screening". He left the growers
with the statement that there must
today be a quality pack of quality
berries, particularly with cello-

phane. He said, in answer to a
question by Mr. Cole, that packers
were usually more fussy in quality
for cellophane, but this was "de-
batable", and if it was true should
not be so, as all fresh fruit should
be of quality pack.

Processing — Lawrence Bailey

Lawrence Bailey of National
Cranberry Association spoke from
the processing angle, beginning by
saying there was a time when the
grower thought "any old kind" of
cranberry was suitable for the pro-

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Twenty-one

cesser, but this was changed.

"We are now processing berries
under three heads, jelled sauce,
whole sauce, and cranberry juice
cocktail. Each of these requires a
different berry, and these should be
selected in advance for the purpose.
The grower should determine in his
own mind which cranberries of his
crop are going for which purpose."
Distribution — E. C. McGrew

E. Clyde McGrew, assistant gen-
eral manager of American Cran-
berry Exchange, declared the next
step after packing and making
ready for marketing was to decide
how the berries are to be distrib-
uted. "This is our job.

"First", he said, "we must know
what size crop we have to distrib-
ute, and then, knowing that, we
must fit it into the demand — what
part fresh and what processed.

All summer we have studied eco-
nomic conditions, labor conditions
in various areas over the country.
Our job is to put the volume we
have into markets of greatest po-
tential demand.

"We try to send more berries to
areas where economic conditions
are better, where there is better
purchasing power. We analyze
these potential markets and we al-
so make studies of means of trans-
portation. We decide which ber-
ries to send long distances, which
short. It is most economical to
send berries short distances, such
as New Jersey berries to the south-
eastern states, Wisconsin berries
to the central states, but this is
not always possible, although we
try to "spot" the fruit with the
shortest haul possible and in great-
est quantity to the best markets."

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NORTH CARVER, MASS.

Brokers — Kenneth Atwill

Kenneth Atwill, sales depart-
ment, NCA, took up the discussion,
telling of the work of brokers. The
broker, he told the growers, is an
expert in the markets, he is intelli
gent, alert, and must be a pusher,
and he has to know his own mar-
ket area. He becomes your agent,
he is paid by you.

"I try to find the best broker in
each area. One method I use is to
ask wholesalers 'who do you want
for a broker of cranberries in this
area?' This method usually nar-
rows the field down to one, or
sometimes two in larger market
areas. When I have selected our
broker or two brokers in each mar-
ket, I tell him what the situation
is as to the cranberry market.
When the crop is ready the broker
goes out to the wholesaler and job-
ber and tries to sell cranberries.
If he doesn't, we find out why.

"The broker acts as our agent —
he is absolutely indispenable. He
is our eyes, ears and mouth in his
area. He knows general and local
marketing conditions. You pay
him, but he is as anxious to sell as
you are. The more he sells the
more you both make."

Melville C. Beaton

Melville C. Beaton, Beaton's Dis-
tributing Agency (Independent),
Wareham, carried the brokerage
discussion further. He asked "Just
what does a broker do?" He an-
swered by saying the broker was
the grower's employe for the ci'an-
berry season. "He is your direct
distributor. It is not possible for
your co-operative or your distrib-
utor to be in every market area,
every day in the season, but your
broker is."

He continued, there are some who
do not buy through brokers but
from the distributor directly. These
include the chain stoi-es, partic-
ularly, although some wholesalers
and some jobbers buy direct.
Brokers sell other products than
cranberries, all kinds of fresh fruits
and vegetables. This constant
touch with their market makes
them conscious of what the demand
is from day to day. "The broker is
the contact between the manufac-
turer of a product and the retail
seller."

Mr. Beaton said he knew of no

Twenty-two

jroker who sold cranberries exclu-
;ive of other products and neither
iid Mr. Atwill. Beaton said he
preferred "F. O. B." shipping as
igainst consignment because In the
former you make a sale and know,
at least in theory, what you are
^■oing to get. Mr. Atwill said that
as a rule a broker of fresh fruit
was not a good broker of precessed
fruit, and a broker of processed
not good at fresh fruit, as each re-
quired a different type of know-
ledge. The broker of processed
was a different type of fellow, more
conservative, as his product is
more stable in price, he said, while
the broker of fresh fruit is up
against a market which may fluc-
tuate.

A Wholesaler — David Warren

Next speaker was a wholesaler,
David Warren of Nathan Warren
& Son, Providence, R. I. He ex-
plained how a wholesaler operated.
He began by giving a little back-
ground of his own firm, which, he
said, was small as many wholesal-
ers go. His father came from Rus-
sia 30 years ago, with scarcely
soles to his shoes, not speaking or

writing a word of English. He
settled in Fall River and started
peddling fruit from a wagon. From
that he branched into wholesaling
fruit and moved to Providence.
"The wholesaler", he said, "has

produce, including cranberries, in
season from all over the country.
We have to move this produce. We
try to anticipate the needs of our
buyers — small jobbers and retail-
er's. We feel it obligatory to give

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Twenty-three

the trade what it wants. We have
to give them quality." He stressed
the great importance of confidence
of the trade. The wholesaler must
have confidence in the broker and
the jobber or retailer must have
confidence in the quality of the
produce of the wholesaler.

Mr. Cole summed up that confi-
dence was the keynote of the whole
process of cranberries or any oth-
er fruit. There must be confidence
in the quality pack of the produc-
er, in the broker, in the wholesal-
er, in the jobber, in the retailer,
until the product reaches its end
result — the table of the consumer.

He gave some details to retail-
ing, saying that 65 per cent of a
grocery store business is done on
the last two days of the week, Fri-
day and Saturday, Monday and
Tuesday using only 8 per cent.

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He turned to pricing, saying there
is an awful lot of difference in
sales between an article marked 18
cents and one marked 19c — usually
the one marked 19c sold better.
The six most popular prices today,
as proven by study, are 25c, 29c,
19c, 39c, 49c, 59c, there are some
5, 7, 3 and 1, but that even num-
bers are seldom, if ever, used.
"Impulse" buying is now going out
— this is most prevalent when the
housewife has plenty of money in
her pocketbook. Now most con-
sumers are bgudgeting, and she
weighs the value of each item she
purchases.

The Consumer's Table

Concluding the morning program,
which had taken the cranberry
from the packing house to the re-
tailer, explaining the interlocking
steps, the final demonstration
showed "Mr. and Mrs. Consumer"
(impersonated by Ferris C. Waite
and Miss Lois Day of NCA) seated
at a breakfast table, having the
opening meal of the day, which
included cranberi-y cocktail and
cranberry sauce spread on their
toast.

The afternoon program was con-
ducted by Robert S. Handy, presi-
dent of Upper Cape Cranberry
Club.
Advertising Fresh — Miss McNaily

First speaker was Miss Eliz-
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oflPice of ACE, who explained how
the advertising program was car-
ried out to move the crop once i1
is in the hands of the retailer
Elaborate plans were made tc
"ready" the market for the crop,
and that ads were "spotted" in the
various markets, more advertising Jj
for the larger, less where demand
potential would be less, for eco
nomic or other reasons. She point
ed out it was necessary to keep
"educating" the housewife to use
cranberries "over and over again";
they forget, and new, young house-
wives are constantly coming in. A
standby was the advertising of
tried and true recipes. "We inter-
sperse these familiar recipes which
we know are good, with newer ones
to stimuate interest."

She especially pointed out that
consumers are getting away from
bulk buying. "The housewife wants
everything in packages. She wants
to go into a store, pick up a pack-
age, put it in her cart, and go to
the chock-out gate. Whether we
like it or not, this is an unfightable
trend — at least at present."

She told of the advertising med-
iums used, magazines, newspapers,
stcre displays, recipes to home
economic groups. "We have done
a lot, but there is more to be done,
this educating of the public to de-
mand cranberries is an endless pro-
ceeding".

Processed Advertising — Mann

H. Gordon Mann, of NCA, speak-
ing in the absence of Miss Ellen
Stillman, advertising director for
NCA, said about $500,000 will be
spent in advertising between Sept.
1948 and Sept. 1949. He told of
full-color spreads and smaller ads
in women's "service" magazines,
such as "Ladies' Home Journal",
"Good Housekeeping", "Woman's
Day", put out through a chain, to
arouse consumer demand, black and
white ads in newspapers to directly
aid the retailer, one radio pro-
gram, featuring Marjorie Mills.
He went at some length into ob-

taining publicity which cost little,
an excellent example of this being
"National Cranberry Week" held
last fall, and particularly the wed-
ding of the "Little Red Cranberry
and the Little White Hen", which |
obtained publicity in every corner |i
of the country. This was not just

Twenty-four

i

"stunt", he added, but a careful
an to get the greatest amount of
iblicity possible.

Retail — Edward Stillwell
Edward Stillwell, consultant to
e National Association of Chain
;ores, gave an excellent talk upon
arketing, saying retail pricing is
)t mathematics, it is not the sci-
ice of physiology, but a combina-
on of both. "The most exact defi-
tion I have ever heard, I think,
that the best selling price is apt
I be a compromise between a
)st plus which the producer wants,
id what the consumer wants to

The quantity of buying is also of
tmost importance. He "person-
lized" this by showing two pack-
ges of cranberries, one fresh and
ne processed, saying that if this
spresented the entire supply of a
sason and each of those in the
bom bought one of each the sup-
ly would be taken care of. "How-
iver, if there are now three pack-
Iges and you only continue to buy
wo, we must either induce you to
luy one more each or go outside
If this room and make someone
Use buy the third, or there will be
. surplus."

He pointed out that staples, such
is potatoes and bread almost al-
ways moved without too much re-
gard to price, as people had to
jiave these, but when it came to
luxury or semi-luxuries then price
!S important, as the buyer has the
Dpportunity to pass this luxury up.
^e told of the success of united
effort on the part of an entire in-
Justry to move a surplus crop, cit-
ng the example of the avocado
growers, who built up a market for
Lhis fruit through advertising, and
in a year of surplus all got to-

gether and put on an intensive
campaign — and moved the crop.
He mentioned "complementary"
sales — such as at the mention of
bacon the buyer always thought of
eggs, corn beef and cabbage, cran-
berries and turkey.

Last year, he said, he honestly
believed the fact that turkeys were
sky-high in price and scarce had a
great effect upon the sale of cran-
berries. He mentioned competing
products, that tomato sauce is
usually associated with veal. He
suggested advocating cranberry
sauce instead. He tore 12 ads out
of a current issue of a magazine.

COLLEY
CRANBERRY CO.

SHIPPERS OF
CAPE COD CRANBERRIES

"Suitsus Brand"
Plymouth, Mass.

Office 17 Court St. Tel. Plymouth 1622

displaying them, and all were alco-
holic ads, representing a cost to the
advertisers of $.54,000, he said. He
mentioned $14,000 in tobacco ads in
the same issue, §19,000 in soft
drinks. These are all competing
against cranberries, he explained,
they were competing for the dollar
of the consuming public.

Competent and agressive selling
not only created demand, but even
slightly increased prices. In times
of lowered income there is "forced"
buying — that is, the buyer is forced
to forego many items he or she
might want, and take only what is
necessary. He said it was import-

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Twenty-five

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Present Situation — McGrew
Mr. McGrew, next speaker,
whose topic was "Fresh Fruit Sales
to Date", opened by saying he had
received far more out of the meet-
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said the keynote of this meeting-
had really been "confidence" — con-
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He said he believed a total of
475,000 barrels had been sold on
the fresh fruit market. This
seemed large, but he went on to
show that as far back as 1907
427,000 barrels had been sold fresh,
but in 1934 processing had begun
to cut into the market and in recent
years more processed had been sold
than fresh.

However, he felt strongly that
the fresh fruit market could be
brought back to 50 or 60 per cent
or more of all cranberry sales. He
said processing was originally in-
tended as a form of "insurance"
for sui'pluses and that it was bad
merchandising when one outlet
"starved" the other.

He told the growers the need
today was for quality fruit and
there had to be quality fruit be-
fore there could be quality pack.
This was true in apples, tomatoes
and every other product. "The re-
tailer doesn't want poor quality
fruit, the consumer won't take it."
He concluded he felt certain the
fresh fruit market could be bi'ili
back again "without plowing under
every third grower."

Processing — Gordon Mann

H. Gordon Mann, sale; m ''■'"■
of NCA, said it was difficult to get
the actual sales figures of pro-
cessed fruit to date, because of the
amounts in freezers and in hands
of wholesalers and retailers, but he
felt 1948 processed sales had been
4,750,000 cases, increasing from
3,960,000 in '46 and 3,720,000 in
'46. The best estimate of present
carry-over, he felt, was 490,000
barrels, this being by all the in-
dustry.

While he admitted this appeared
bad, it was really not as bad as it
seemed — NCA normally carried
over 100,000 barrels to get an early

start in fall processing and hoi
to move a large part of its car)
over with intensive spring and su
mer selling campaigns. "This si
plus must be moved before we c
get back to a normal business, fc
I believe this can be done. T
cranberry industry and our met
ods are fundamentally sound."
The Normal Crop — Dr. Frankli

Dr. H. J. Franklin gave a mu
anticipated answer as to wh
might be considered a normal crc
He said that although he had be
asked to make a forecast for ne
season he felt it would be "fooli.'
if not downright dangerous" to
this and so would give what he co
sidered a normal crop. This figu
would not be a potential norm
crop, but an average normal crc
and was in nowise to be consider
as an "estimate" for 1949.

His studies showed that Mass I
chusetts might be normally expec i
ed now to produce 500,000 barre i
which is less than last year's pr i
duction, while the total for tl I
country might normally be 800,0( I
barrels, also less than last yea i
He said if this proves to be tl
case he feels the industry can mal
some progress in reducing the ca
ry-over and get back to a norm:
basis.

Growers Council — Benson

Mr. Benson, author of the pla
for more coordinated marketing be]
tween ACE and its respective stati
companies and NCA and the indeJ
pendents who desire to operate uni
der the Cranberry Growers Counn
cil, explained this plan. He gav<
a history of the work done an«
urged independents, particular!;)
the smaller ones (as being morn
beneficial to them) to join one col
op or the other.

CRANBERRY REAL ESTATE
APPRAISING

17 Court 3t.
Plymouth, Mast.

BOG MANAGEMENT

Tel>: Plymouth 1622
Klnciton 319

If you are buying or selling Cranberry Property it will
pay you to see us.

A number of properties available, more wanted.

Twenty-six

i

He felt confident the industry
n be broug:ht back to a satisfac-
ry condition, but that a five-year
an of the Growers Council is
cessary, two to "get back to
rmal", and three more to give it
good tryout. He said it was not
|ly the privilege, but the duty of
ery grower of cranberries in the
[lited States to come in under this
an of more orderly marketing.

Confidence, Quality — Munson
Concluding speaker was Willard

Munson, Massachusetts Exten-
)n Service. Mr. Munson said he
:d seldom attended a conference
th such an intelligent program

that he had heard that day. He
id that learning about one's busi-
ss was not a one year job, but

endless one, as conditions and
;uations are always changing.
)pulation of the country is now up

148,000 and growing at the rate

a million a year, and "your in-
stry is keeping up in production
th this growth." He said there
jre only two ways for each indi-
iual to chart his course — one was

plan to go ahead, or he would go
ckward. "I will forecast this in-
stry is going ahead, and I say
is more particularly after what I
ve heard today. I will say this,
e degree of success attained by
|y industry is the sum of the ef-
tts and the teamwork of each
dividual.

'Everything that any member
es which is harmful harms all.
^erything he does which is pro-
essive and good benefits all. You
list produce quality first."
For the meeting the stage of the

ditorium had been set with a
ry interesting display which in-
ided cranberry products, fresh

d processed, an old-fashioned
anberry barrel, which object
my growers had not seen in
ars, present day containers,
oops, photographs, advertising

sters and drawings showing the
ogress of the cranberry from

eking to the consumer. At noon
bufi'et lunch was served by ladies

the Wareham Methodist church.

Urann and Group

IContinued from Pace 4)

rries to the canneries, as well as

e general marketing conditions

the cranberry industry as a

whole. The following Advisory
Committee members were elected
for the coming year: for the Gray-
land area, Edwin Warness, David
Pryde, and William Huovila; for
the Long Beach-Clatsop area, Rolla
Parrish, Robert Ostgard, Mrs. Ger-
trude Bellinger, and Dr. J. Harold
Clarke; and for the Bandon area,
Sumner Fish, James Olson and
Lewis McGeorge. The growers
nominated Edwin Warness of
Grayland for membership on the
Board of Directors of the National,
representing the Grayland area, to
replace Einar Waara, also of Gray-
land, whose term expires at the
annual meeting in June. The term
of Leonard Morris of Long Beach,
representing Long Beach and Ban-
don growers, has one more year
to run-

Following the growers' meetings
on the West Coast, Mr. Urann and
his party stopped at Chicago for
conferences with some 150 Ocean
Spray brokers and their represent-
atives, who were attending the an-
nual convention of the National
Food Brokers' Association. As at
the canners' convention in Atlantic
City in January, NCA invited all
its brokers present to attend an
Ocean Spray Breakfast on Tues-
day, March 22, at which time of-
ficials of the National spoke before
the group as a whole.

The center of all discussions at
the Chicago gathering was the new
cooperative merchandising p'an
which is now operating in full
swing. That the plan is producing
results is evidenced by Ocean
Spray sales, which are running

A Cordial Invitation to Visit Our
Display

INDUSTRIAL ENGINES

Spring Meeting - Cape Cod Cranberry Growers

Town Hall, Wareham April 27, 1949

H. A. SUDDARD Inc. Wareham, Mass.

Cranberry Growers...

You value the sound, proven recommendations of
the East Wareham Cranberry Experiment Station in
growing your crops successfully.

Equally invaluable to you is sound, properly
written Insurance fitted specially to the needs of
Cranberry Growers.

E. A. Thacher of this firm will be happy to
discuss your requirements, and without charge or
obligation, prepare a survey of your property and
needs.

Brewer & Lord

INSURANCE
56 Batterymarch Street, Boston

Telephone: Hancock 60830

Twenty-seven

ahead of last year. Brokers re-
ported that retail stores in their
areas are making good use of the
advertising funds available to them
and are cooperating in building
large Ocean Spray displays to tie
in with their newspaper and hand-
bill advertis:ng. They are enthus-
iastic about the plan and feel it
will help to increase Ocean Spray
sales all over the nation.

Cranberry History

(Continued from Page 12)

In the next chapter this chronicle
will return to Massachusetts, to
Middlesex and Essex counties,
where the culture also began early
— and hopefully.

(Note — The author repeats once more
that he would appreciate any readers
finding errors of fact or important omis-
sions would send them in. This is an
attempt to tell the story of the cranberry
ind-.istry in its broTd outline in chron-
ological order, and it is hoped an accur-
ate account may be set down).

Fresh From the Fields

(Continued from Page 6)

ent J. H. Wood. The main purpose
is to study the possible benefits
from minor elements such as Bor-
on, copper, manganese and mag-
nesium. These minors were added
to a blanket fertilizer such as 5-10-
10 of 3-10-10.

Season Late

The weather has been of much
interest because of its unusual
nature. Winter began in Novem-
ber, December, January and Feb-
ruary bringing snow, which re-
mained on the ground longer than
most old-timers can remember.
Then came drizzling rain and a
few storms which kept growers
from making much headway in
spring work, delaying the spraying
program. Price of "palint thinner"
has gone up and the old method of
hand weeding may be resorted to
more than in the past few years.
New Planting

In spite of the low prices for the
crop last fall many growers are
making some effort to continue to
expand their acreage. Vines have
been brought in from Washington

ARIEN5 TILLER.THeoNLY

TILLER MT/r//

t Full honcpoww motor

• PoUUvt oction. mulU-

pl« dlw dutch.
0 Full slz«d ^t'tlwlric

Klloy itMl tints.

ARIENS COMPANY • BRILLION.WIS.

to supplement the short Oregon
supply.

LONG BEACH CRANBERRY
CLUB MEETS

The Long Beach Peninsula
(Washington) Cranberry Club met
at its usual meeting place, Friday,
March 11th. D. J. Crowley noti-
fied the growers that the 1949

spray chart was in print and woul
be distributed shortly. Williai
Johnson, Agricultural Engines
from the State College at PuUmai
was present and showed soir
slides of various methods of crai
berry harvesting. Frank Glenn (
Cranguyma Farms also showe
several reels of film, includin
cranberry scenes, and a travelogu
of Glacier National Park.

Beaton's Distributing Agency

NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS
of

for over a quarter century
in United States and Canada

Wareham, Mass.

Tel. Wareham 130 or 970

APRIL

AND SPRING IS HERE AGAIN!

We all feel better with the return
of better weather

WE ALL FEEL BETTER WHEN WE HAVE
DEPENDABLE, ECONOMICAL

ELECTRICITY

At the Press of a Button

in Bog and Screenhouse Operation

and in the Home

Piymoufh County Elecfric Co.

WAREHAM
Tel. 200

PLYMOUTH

Tel. 1300

(

Twenty-eight

Scoops and Screenings

The famed or "infamous" New
Jersey mosquito is not so numerous
by 90 per cent as he used to be, it
was said at the 36th annual meet-
ing of the N. J. Mosquito Exter-
mination Association. "In the past
three decades", declared A. Paul
King, Toms River, director Ocean
County Board, "New Jersey has
pioneered and performed an out-
standing job of mosquito extermi-
nation and control. Energetic coun-
ty commissions have given the lie
to Noah Webster's late 19th cen-
tury definition of New Jersey as
the "mosquito state". But 36
cases of malaria were reported in
the state in '48 and all but one
were acquired from infections out-
side of New Jersey.

• • * • •

When John Smith and Miles
Standish came to America, accord-
ing to the University of Massachu-
setts the top soil averaged about
nine inches in depth. Today the
national average is six, all lost due
to the ripping and wearing action
of water and wind on unprotected
land and to the removal of organic
matter. Without top soil we don't
eat.

Airline hitch-hiking by insect
pests has be:ome a serious problem
among airlines reaching foreign
countries, says the U. S. Depart-
ment of Agriculture. Federal en-
tomologists are active in devising
and testing ways of "disinsectizing"
aircraft.

ADS can be news, too

AN AD IN

CRANBERRIES
Magazine

IS AN ADVERTISER'S

BEST METHOD OF
GETTING HIS "NEWS"
BEFORE THE INDUSTRY

CONTROL

Cranberry Root Grubs
White Grubs • Cbokeberry
White Violets •Loosestrife
Poison Ivy •Small Bramble
Three Square Grass • Wild Bean

use

S 0 LV AY m

fNtot'Misi era. V. t »*'■ o'» ^^^^^^

PARA-DICHLORQBENZENE

The Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station
Charts recommend Para-dichlorobenzene for treating
Root Grubs, White Grubs, Chokeberry, Poisoi>Ivy and Wild
Bean. For best results, bogs should be treated in April or
early May. Write for details.

SO_LVAY PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE

FOR Treating cranberry bogs

is distributed by

THE CRANBERRY TRADING POST

• Plymouth, Mass.

• Onset, Mass.

• North Harwich, Mass.

• Bordentown, New Jersey

ALLIED CHEMICAL & DYE CORPORATION

pniiiiv euro niuiciny allied chemical & dye coKKUKAuur

SOLVAY SALES DIVISION 45 milk strlet. boston 9. mass

Preparing tor Big

increase in Fresit Saies

During the coming season the American Cranberry
Exchange hopes to sell more fresh cranberries than
have been sold in any year since well before the war.

Long hours of work are already going into sales
and advertising plans. Everyone from dealer to re-
tailer to consumer will be stirred up by the biggest
fresh cranberry promotion in the history of the indus-
try.

The growers' part of the big post-war push is to
raise the soundest, best-keeping berries they know
how.

This is the year to shove fresh fruit sales back to
the pre-war high.

^Ae ^^Hc^UcoH Qn^aaJfe^iAif. ^^TuUianc^f One,

"The Cranberry Growers' Cooperative for 42 Years "

Marketers of

Eatmor
Cranberries

Chicago

New York

JUL

s^'TFysf