THE GRAIN GROWERS’

nflomeBanke(anada

ORIGINAL 1854 CHARTER QUARTERLY DIVIDEND NOTICE

Notice is hereby given that a dividend at the rate of SIX PER CENT per annum has been declared upon the paid-up Capital Stock of The Home Bank of Canada for the three months ending 28th Febru- ary, 1911, and the same will be payable at the Head Office or any Branches of The Home Bank of Can- ada on and after the Ist March next.

The Transfer Books will be closed from the 15th'to the 28th February, 1911, both days inclusive.

By Order of the Board, JAMES MASON, Toronto, January 18, 1911 General Manager.

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February 8, 1911

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ENGLISH LEADER’S VIEWS

London, England, February 6, — In the course of the debate on the address in reply to the speech from the throne in the house of commons, the proposed reciprocity agreement between Canada and the United States came up for dis- cussion. Right Hon. Arthur J. Balfour, leader of. the opposition, said that the agreement, if carried out, would have far-reaching results, and must lead to disastrous consequences, ‘‘ After thirty years,’’ he said, ‘‘of vain endeavor to. induce statesmen here to see eye to eye with them, Canadian statesmen have turned toward the south and entered into an agreement with another great country. If this policy reaches its frui- tion I shall look upon it as a great dis- aster.’’

Premier Asquith, in his reply, said he was perfectly certain that the im- perial government could do nothing to prevent the natural trend of events. A levelling of the tariff walls between Canada and the United States, he de- clared, was inevitable.

In the house: of lords, Lord Lans- downe, leader of the opposition, said that Canada’s proposed treaty was the most momentous departure in the his- tory of that country’s relations to the British Empire. It meant a consider- able diminution, possibly, of the pref- erence within the British Empire and of the advantages enjoyed by British trade under the preference now given by Canada. It meant also the deflec- tion of Canada’s wheat supplies to the United. States. The whole history of the Empire, he feared might be altered if the great dominions were encouraged to develop not along national and im- perial lines, but according to geographi- cal conditions.

The Earl of Crewe, colonial secretary and leader of the government minority in the house of lords, mentioned the agreement briefly. He said he saw in it nothing that would have any effect upon the ties between Canada and the Mother Country.. Speaking with reference to the coming imperial conference, he ex- pressed the hope, that the gathering would be less strenuous socially than its predecessors.

Dr. Hiller, in the commons, said that having spent half his life in the colo- nies, he profoundly regretted that the reciprocity agreement was not men- ‘tioned in the king’s speech. He urged immediate and drastic action before the ratification of the pact, otherwise the future historian might describe the ne- gotiations of the treaty a& the first act of “the drama of the passing of the British Empire.

Blames British Politicians

London, February 6—Right Hon. A. J. Balfour, at a Unionist dinner, said the Canadian statesmen had lost in the reciprocity negotiations. ‘‘The people I am disposed to blame, the people I blame, are the British politicians, who, decade after decade, have turned a deaf ear to our Canadian brethren,’’ said Mr. Balfour. ‘‘Canadians not merely preached preference, but practiced it. We enjoyed it, profited by it, gained by it, but gave nothing in return save the empty expression of goodwill. The re- sult is what had often been prophesied. The fault does not lie with Canadians, but lies with Westminster. However, while, there is life there is hope. The party in Canada maintaining the old policy is still strong. Our primary duty is to let all those agreeing with us on either side of the Atlantic know that our faith is unwavering and unchanged, and that we do not mean to abandon the imperial ideal.’’

E. BE, Smith, K.C., M.P., following Mr. Balfour, said none blamed the Cana- dians ‘‘who turned to a nation wiser than ourselves, whose politicians were more courteous.’’

Ramsay Macdonald, in the commons, ©

said the imperial conference ought to be a real beginning in an imperial understanding between the Mother Country and the colonies. He de- nounced .Balfour’s statment, about the disastrous consequences of. the reci- procity treaty. If this was the state- ment of a ‘‘Big Englander,’’ personally in the interests of the Empire, good- will and national unity, he would wish inclusion among the ‘‘Little Bngland- ers.’’

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE Grain

Che sz. Guide.

R. McKENZIB, Editor-in-Chief - G, Fy CHIPMAN, Managing Editor

Published under the auspices and employed as the Official Organ of the Manitoba Grain Growers’ Association, the Saskatchewan Grain Growers’ Association, and the United Farmers of Alberta.

THE GUIDE IS DESIGNED TO GIVE UNCOLORED NEWS FROM ‘THE WORLD OF THOUGHT AND ACTION and honest opinions thereon, with the object of aiding our people to form correct views upon economic, social and moral questions, so that the growth of society may continuall,’ be in the direction of more equitable, kinder and wiser relations between its members, resulting in the widest possible increase and diffusion of material prosperity, intellectual development, right living, health and happiness. ;

THE GUIDE IS THE ONLY PAPER IN CANADA THAT IS ABSOLUTELY OWNED AND CONTROLLED BY FARMERS. It is

entirely independent, and not one dollar of political, capitalistic or special |

interest money is invested in it. All opinions expressed in The Guide are with the aim to make Canada a better country and to bring forward the day when ‘‘Equal Rights to All and Special Privileges to None’’ shall prevail.

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Published every Wednesday at Winnipeg, Canada. Authorized by the Postmaster-General, Ottawa, Canada, for transmission as second class mail matter.

Address. all communications, upon whatever subject, to The Grain Growers’ Guide, Winnipeg. Do not send anything but personal letters to individuals. :

Volume II © CONTENTS Number 28 EDITORIAL Farmers Are Favorable .. 5 Free Trade Manufacturers . . 5 Views Upon Patriotism .. 5 Dismembering the Empire .. 6 Opinions on the Tariff... ...... 6 SPECIAL ARTICLES Sidelights on Parliament .. 7 Free Trade Helps Manufacturers .. 8 The Reciprocal Tariff... .. .. 2. 6... 00. 9 Official Minutes of Brandon Convention ............ .. 12 Co-operation the. World Over... 5. cosy ee cae ee A Lesson From the Trost. .0¢5). 0. ei te 26 MAIL BAG Evils of Protection, by C. Ray Upshall .............. .. 14 Reply to Mr. Russell, by William Lilwall .............: 14 Strange Protection Arguments, by Andrew Russell... .. .. .. 15 Independent Views, by Fair Play ............... ..... 16 DEPARTMENTS Page Page SASKATCHEWAN: SECTION— | AROUND THE FIRESIDE— Retailers Form Organization. 20 Our First Sweethearts, by Reports of Branches ...... 20-21 ‘Laura Jean Libbey ....... 35 , ‘ POUOLNS oso Sao eae e 36 QUESTION DRAWER ...... 80 | ouR OTTAWA LETTER ..... 39 VETERINARY .............. 30 | THE WEEK'S MARKETS— RAIN GROWERS’ SUN- Grain Markets ............ 41 SHINE GUILD ....,,,,, 84 Live Stock and Produce .,.. 42

Page 3

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NORMAL FOR BRANDON

Brandon, Feb. 6.—A sensation was created here this morning when the announcement was made that the provin- cial government had closed a deal for the purchase of a splendid site for a new nor- mal school to be built here this year.The site purchased is occupied by two blocks between Tenth and Twelfth streets, and Queens and Hill avenues, just east of the fair grounds. The purchase price is about $12,000, and the building and equipment will cost $50,000. The site is on the Patmore estate, one of the best reed properties in the city, for many years, and is a most desirable situation. The new school will be erected on a pretty hill facing the north, while the site seems large for a building, the extra land has been secured to permit of ornamental grounds. While plans for the new school have not yet been decided upon, it is stated that the building will be one of the best equipped institutions of the kind in the Dominion. It will contain, as well as the regular school rooms, a large drill hall and spacious quarters for manual training and domestic ‘science on the grounds. There will also be erected a small one-room model of a, rural school, in which young teachers will be given practical experience in school work.

NO MORE TRIBUTE

Editor Guide:—The manufacturers are like the people of Algiers, they expected all people who entered their harbors to pay tribute to them. It is’ time the tillers of the soil, like the American admiral, advise them that “we have millions for defense and not another cent for tribute.’’ The stock argument of the manufacturers is mostly that if the tariff is lowered all manner of manufacturers will go to smash and chaos reign every- where. Ever since the time government was instituted (for the manufacturers) the farmers have been paying tribute and still they have been able to exist. The manufacturers ought to be able to live on a lower tariff when they are not asked to

pay tribute. J. M. GILBERTSON Gilby, Alta.

HOMESTEADS FOR WOMEN

Editor, Guipp:—I think there ought to be a law passed that any lady over 18 years of age should be entitled to a homestead, 160 acres the same as a man has. As there are so many families of

irls in the East that can hardly make a iving, whereby if they came up here some- where they would find some way of improving it. In fact a lot of the lonely bachelors would help them and they would help the bachelors and it would help a lot of: the old men in the East if their ‘daughters could take land as they are getting too old to support them. It would save a lot of time and money with

the girls and boys. ‘ JAS. E. BUNCE, Unity, Sask.

CONSERVATIVE ELECTED At a by-election held in Russell (Man.), constituency, F. Y: Newton, Roblin, Conservative, was elected over William Valens, Bingearth, Liberal, by @ majority of 251,

Page 4

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

x Kebruary 8, 1911

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FARMERS ARE FAVORABLE

Opinions have been freely expressed on the proposed reciprocal tariff arrangements. There is strong opposition showing in many quarters. It is apparent that the new schedule must be taken as a whole or not at all, if anything is to be done during the present session of parliament. This being the case,

the farmers are certainly in favor of accept-.

ing it. It does not give all they asked, and more must be given at next session. But if the proposed arrangements are completed on both sides of the line and the British pref- erence is substantially increased during the present session, the farmers may consider they have done a good year’s work.

FREE TRADE MANUFACTURERS

In this issue we are publishing a num- ber of exceedingly interesting letters sent us by British manufacturers in reply to a request for their reasons for favoring free trade. These reasons are given by business men, and are reasons of dollars and cents, in which sentiment plays no part. The Brit- ish manufacturer finds that under free im- ports he secures his raw material and his machinery more cheaply than manufacturers in any other part of the world. He has the whole world to draw from and he buys where he can buy cheapest. Under free imports the shipping industry of England leads, and the commerce of the world is largely carried on by means of British ships. Her ships bring from the farthest ends of the earth raw material to be manufactured in her mills. Protection would fetter her shipping in- dustry, would increase the cost of produc- tion to all manufacturers, and would cripple industrial England. Free imports make the price of food less and hence wages are lower, because the cost of living is lower than in protectionist countries. British manufactur- ers buy cotton grown in the Southern States as cheaply as do the cotton manufacturers in the Northern States, due to unreasonable freight rates exacted from the home manu- facturer. British workmen pay less for their flour made from Western Canadian wheat than do the people who grow the wheat. The same applies to several other Canadian food stuffs, another example of unfair conditions to the Canadian but very favorable to the Britisher. A large number of manufactured articles from Canada and the United States are sold in Britain more cheaply than at home. British manufacturers do not believe in making anything which they can buy more cheaply, no matter from whom they buy. Sentiment does not enter into the transaction. They do not care what peoples of the earth provide the raw or manufactured material so long as the prices are right. The result to the British manufacturer has been that under the exceedingly favorable circum- stances of free imports they are able to manu- facture at the lowest possible cost, and to compete with ease with the protected manu- facturers in their own markets all over the world. Britain undoubtedly has her eco- nomic troubles, but her system of free imports does not appear to be responsible for them. The benefit of free imports of raw material more than off-sets the benefit which would be derived from the protection on the manufactured articles. Why do not our Canadian manufacturers take a lesson from their British brethren? The Canadian manu- facturers say they must have protection be-

cause they pay duty upon their raw material. Then why cannot they reduce the duty upon

raw material and at the same time upon

the finished product? The benefit will be decidedly in favor of the consumer. The farmers will be glad to go hand in hand with the Canadian manufacturers in demanding free imports of raw material and at the same time free imports of manufactured goods into which such raw material enters. But here at once is the difficulty. Iron and steel enter largely into the manufacture of agricultural implements, and the iron and steel interests of Canada are very wealthy and very power- ful. They protest at once against any reduc- tion in the duty upon their products. Though they are heavily protected by the tariff and have been bonused by millions from the pub- lic treasury, they still ery ‘‘infant industry’’ and demand more assistance. The iron and steel interests are powerful factors in. the Canadian Manufacturers’ Association and they stand shoulder to shoulder with the other manufacturers to retain the protective tariff. Probably the duty on agricultural implements is more burdensome to the West- ern-farmers because it is more apparent, but it is not heavier than the tariff burden upon numerous other articles such as -woollens, cottons and leather. However, in the case of agricultural implements manufactured in Canada, we see them sold more cheaply in England than at home, and we also have seen cases where they are sold more cheaply in the United States also, even against the high American tariff. No manner of reasoning can make this right. The Canadian people are asa rule sensible people and they cannot see any patriotism in paying more for a Cana-

dian made article than for an article made. somewhere else.. They believe that the Cana-:

dian manufacturer who .can compete with the world in Britain, and who in many cases ean compete with the American manufactur- ers on their own ground, should be able to stand without protection. The Canadian

manufacturers tell us that high freight rates:

militate against their business. Then why do not the Canadian manufacturers join with the Canadian consumers in demanding that the freight rates on the Canadian railways be made right? Some of the Canadian manu- facturers have declared that the farmers are selfish .in their demands for low tariff and that the statements made by the farmers: or on their behalf are exaggerated. and decid- edly unfair. We would point out just now in reply that ever since protection was inaug-

-urated in Canada the manufacturers have

always been consulted before any changes have been made in the tariff. In fact it is well within the bounds of reason to say that the manufacturers of Canada have practi- cally made the tariff laws of Canada for the past 80 years. The farmers and other con- sumers have never been consulted.. They have paid the bill every time, and except during the sittings of the tariff commission of 1905-6 their interests have never been considered. It is in view of these things that. the Canadian farmers have protested against the tariff and have demanded re- dress. The manufacturers have replied that they, cannot live without protection, but they

-have given no proof of their statement, The

farm industry of Canada is an open book to the world and any man at a glance can ascertain exactly the profits of the farmer’s business. On the other hand the manufac- turer’s business is a sealed volume into which the public is never allowed to peep. We have only the word of the manufacturers, and the farmers of Canada may well be pardoned if they do not acept all the manufacturers’

‘his business judgment. It

statements as the truth. The manufacturers have never offered to meet the farmers upon an even footing ang to propose remedies for the present unfair conditions. They say that the farmers are unpatriotic and are stirring up class prejudice. Can the farm- ers be blamed for demanding redress when the manufacturers have for thirty years been securing millions from the public treasury to bolster up their own class? It is an un- answerable: fact that present economic con- ditions in Canada, which are. very largely caused by our protective tariff, have reduced agricultural industry to a very low ebb. The farmers have organized in self defence. The low tariff sentiment in Canada is not confined to the West by any means. The burden of the tariff is felt by every province in Canada, and day by day the low tariff forces are acquiring strength. The manufacturers have enjoyed special privileges for years and naturally resent any attack upon their pre- rogatives. But a change is coming and the manufacturers will be wise if they realize it in time.

VIEWS UPON PATRIOTISM

One of the most humiliating spectacles in Canada today is the sight of some of our would-be statesmen, our big railway and corporation magnates and our manufactur- ers wringing their hands over the proposed reciprocity arrangements for fear it will ‘fendanger ‘the Empire.’’ Were it not for the danger of such an appeal to loyal and

‘patriotic people, the spectacle would be ludi-

crous in the extreme. Ninety-nine per cent. of these people prate their loyalty for just one purpose—their own advantage. Not one of them ever allows his ‘‘patriotism’’ to warp is merely an attempt upon their part to turn their ‘‘pat- riotism’’ into a commercial commodity which will bring more dollars into their own pocket or will enable them to secure some advantage over their political opponents. The people of Britain are a loyal race, but they do not demonstrate that fact by robbing themselves for the benefit of a few privileged persons. They buy where they can buy cheapest, as any sensible person or people should. True patriotism, like charity, begins at home. If Canadians are loyal to Canada they will be doubly loyal to the Empire. If the fate of the Empire depends upon the citizens of that Empire being disloyal to themselves, then it hangs by a slender thread. The loyalty of the Canadian people to the Empire is sup- posed to be demonstrated by the British Preference. But it was more a case of economic good sense than loyalty. No class of Canadians flap the flag and prate loyalty less than the farmers. Yet they went to Ottawa a few days ago and said, ‘‘We want no protection whatever upon our own industry and we want free trade with Great Britain in ten years.’’ The farmers also re- garded it as common sense. It was too loyal for the manufacturers and the politicians. They at once protested that their loyalty could not go so far. But the common sense of the farmers not only went so far as to demand it. They are determined to have it. The high tariff we have in Canada today is kept there at the. dictation of special interests who feel the benefit of it in their own pockets. No one can justify a system by which the gov- ernment compels one class to pay tribute to another class. Not more than five per cent. of the people of Canada benefit by the protective tariff. Not all the remaining ninety-five per cent. realize the burden they are carrying. But they are awakening.

Page 6 | OPINIONS ON THE TARIFF

Opinions vary considerably on the pro- posed tariff changes that are now before the House of Commons. <A glance at the opin- ions published in this issue will show clearly ‘that nearly all the opponents to the reci- procity arrangements with United States are connected with the big interests of Canada that have profited enormously by direct or indirect donations from the public treasury. One of the outstanding exceptions Grand Trunk Pacifie Railway,.the general manager of which says that reciprocity will do his company no injury. The new tariff if carried into effect will increase the pros- perity of the general consumer in Canada, and it will compel many of the big interests to face more real competition than they have faced in the past. Many of the big interests in Canada have enjoyed special privileges which have been given them by the govern- ment and legislatures (without consultation with the people) for so many years that they consider it now a divine right. They resent any insinuations that their methods are un- fair, but they are equally unwilling that there shall be any publicity of their business methods. These interests have in the past been so selfish that the Canadian people will not incline a very sympathetic ear to their wailings. Other opinions are expressed for purely political purposes simply to be opposed to anything that is done by the present government at Ottawa. These poli- tical opponents do not suggest any alterna- tive to the proposed arrangements. That is the dificulty that the Canadian people face. If one political party makes a move the other religiously objects, though frequently offers nothing as an alternative. We be- lieve in giving eredit where credit is due. If the proposed tariff goes into effect it will be a partial fulfilment of the promises made by the Dominion government fifteen years ago, but which have been lying dormant since that time. For this favor the Canadian people are thankful, but are not at all satis- fied with the tariff reductions on manufac- tured articles. Apparently the government in dealing with the tariff on manufactured goods: considered that the farmers are not entitled to consideration on other than their own products. Evidence all goes to show that as far as manufactured goods are con- cerned the government has inclined its ear to the manufacturers. This is a vital error on the part of the government. Men of wis- dom realize that today there is sweeping over Canada a wave of indignation at the injustice that is being practiced upon the people in favor of big interests.

DISMEMBERING THE EMPIRE

It is evident from the feeling of the mem- bers of the Montreal Board of Trade that the big business interests of that city. are not a unit.in opposing reciprocity. On Janu- ary 31, at the annual meeting of the board, a resolution opposing reciprocity was passed by a vote of 61 for and 47 against. The majority, however, decided to send a dele- gation to Ottawa at once and protest against any changes being made in the tariff. Mem- bers of this delegation included C. C. Ballan- tyne, ex-president Canadian Manufacturers’ Association; Geo. Caverhill, E. B. Green- shields, A. J. Hodgson, Robert Meighen, president Lake of the Woods Milling Co., director of the C.P.R., ete., and Farquhar Robertson. The report of the board meet- ing, as given in the Montreal Witness, shows that Robert Meighen took a promin- ent part, and, in fact, seconded the resolu- tion. He said he did not approach the sub- ject from the standpoint of the miller alone. According to the report

‘this inte: sts in farm lands in the West and wood pulp and forest reserves in the East were ten times as great as his milling interests, and for this reason he should be credited with

is the.

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

viewing the subject from a broad standpoint and giving the question impartial considera- tion.’’ J

Mr. Meighen did not mention: his interests:

in the C.P.R., but having prepared his audience for his ‘‘impartial’’ statements, he said: oy ‘ : ‘*Reciproecity with the United States or, more properly speaking, the agreement now under discussion at Washington and Ottawa, is the most important question that has come before the parliament of Canada since Confed- eration. Permit me to state that the present parliament of Canada holds no mandate from the people to adjudicate on this very important matter. I look upon it from the Imperial as well as from the commercial standpoint. I

believe that the proposition now before the -

Canadian parliament is the first step towards the dismemberment of the British Empire. I do not believe that the majority of the Cana- dian people are in favor of that policy. I am convinced they are in favor of closer trade relations within our own Empire. And. the parliament of Canada, before venturing to enter into any such agreement with the United States —as they have no mandate from the people— should submit the matter to the people.. Then we would very soon find out the mind of the Canadian electors on this very important ques- tion. Personally I stand by the resolution which I brought before the board of trade on the 7th of May, 1909, of which the crucial point was simply that ‘the governments of Great Britain and the colonies should grant to one another a substantial preference in duties, and that in so far as their respective revenues would permit, the principle of free trade within the Empire should prevail.’ ’’

Mr. Meighen has been one of the most insistent opponents of reciprocity since the subject was first seriously considered. He may be able to convince himself that his views are entirely disinterested and most patriotic, but he will have difficulty in con- vincing Canadians in general of the same fact. He is corinected with the very largest banking, milling, transportation and other corporation interests in Canada, and these

interests are ever on the alert to preserve |

“Canada for Canadians’’—meaning them- selves. Certainly the parliament has no mandate from the people on the tariff, but neither have they any mandate on the naval question nor upon a hundred other matters in which the ‘‘interests’? have been well looked after. There was no mandate from the people for the huge C.P.R. melons which Mr. Meighen, as a director, no doubt found to be most delightfully juicy. But he is greatly worried over the ‘‘dismemberment of the British Empire.’’ This is the bogey that is trotted out every time a suggestion is made to give the common people a square deal. But in the same meeting Mr. Meighen, in replying to a gentleman who spoke in favor of reciprocity, showed where in reality lay the ‘‘Empire’’ he feared would be ‘‘dis- membered.’’ He ‘‘declared the United States not only were not needed for a mar- ket for Canadian wheat, but our neighbors across the line were our most aggressive competitors in the wheat markets all over the world.’’ During the same address he said: fe “THESE PROPOSALS GIVE US FREE WHEAT, BUT NOT FREE FLOUR. GIVE US A FAIR FIELD. They will use our wheat for high grade flour, and take our markets for the low grades, and then where will our feed for dairying and cattle come from? What our farmers should learn is to send their prod-

ucts from the farm not as grain, but on the |

hoof. We do not want to send our grain to the United States to feed United States cattle. We should work to build up Canada, not the United States, and the idea that there is a market in the United States for products which it would be of advantage to Canada to sell is simply ROT.’’

Mr. Meighen’s ‘‘rot’’ is answered by himself when he shows that reciprocity will compel the Canadian millers to compete for their wheat, instead of enjoying the ‘cream- ing’’ process that has helped them so much for years. The C.P.R. will also have to meet competition. Reciprocity may compel some of the big interests, with which Mr. Meighen is identified, to give the people more con-

. Wishes?

, February 8, 19,1)

sideration, but he may rest assured that a

‘few millions of unjust. profits taken from ‘them and given to, the people will not en-

danger the Empire.. The Empire which the big ‘‘interests’’ are conéerned about has for its coat of arms $.

MAKING A NATION

It seems. necessary again to repeat the statement that the farmers of the West have no desire to ruin our manufacturing insti- tutions, our railways, our milling plants, our banks and other great institutions that have been criticized. No people are more proud of Canada’s great commercial and industrial advancement than are the West- ern farmers. They realize the need of these institutions in building up a great nation such as Canada is destined to be. There are today the greatest railways in the world in Canada; her manufacturing plants, in many lines, are turning out products second to none in the world; the flour from Cana- dian mills takes first place in the world’s markets; the Canadian banking system challenges admiration in its stability and in its protection to depositors. What then is the trouble and why is the complaint against present conditions? Simply that no matter how splendid and deserving may be all these institutions, there is a point where their grasping becomes intolerable. The people of Canada have given, and given to the verge of prodigality, to build up these great insti- tutions, and now feel that this support may be withdrawn without endangering them in the slightest. If the people of Canada believed that a reduction in freight rates would cripple the railways; that tariff reduc- tion would ruin the manufacturers ; that reci- procity would close up the flour mills; that inspection would injure the financial institu- tions, they would not demand it. But the people of Canada do not believe it. They have the most excellent of reasons for believ- ing to the contrary. The men behind these institutions shout ‘‘blue ruin,’’ but they are confronted by the statement of their profits. These profits are an unassailable argument. Not until the profits ¢an be hidden will the big interests be able to take on the emaciated appearance which their tongues lead us to look for.

Our protected manufacturers tell us that protection brings foreign manufacturers into Canada to build up the nation. Yet it is an astounding truth that the trusts, mergers and combines established under the shadow of our protective tariff have ruined more small or independent manufacturers than the protective tariff has. brought ‘into the country. No element resents the establish- ment of competitive factories in Canada so much as our protected manufacturers.

Have the farmers in the West who want public operation of the terminal elevators informed their members at Ottawa of their If not, the time to do it is now. There is nothing like ‘‘letters from home’’ to brace up a member of parliament. The Western members, so far as they have spoken in the house, are in favor of the farmers’ demands. ‘‘Letters from home’’ will make them stronger still.

The C.P.R. have won their case before the Imperial Privy Council. The difference be- tween intention when the C.P.R. charter was given and the way it has worked out will mean probably $50,000,000 or $75,000,000 additional in the treasury of the company. The people of the West pay it all.

There is still a determined effort being made in certain quarters in the East to hide

the true facts of the Ottawa delegation.

Ontario was more largely represented than any province, and yet these parties—for their own purposes—declare it to have been a Western delegation.

February 8, 1911

te) eer ee L. ae fon Tue dé <

6-CMAL

of parliament,”’ is a remark often made

by visitors to Ottawa. And so it is.

To be one of the 221 gentlemen, who

rule, and supposedly at least, repre- sent, the eight million people of the Canadian nation, is at once an honor, a privilege, and an opportunity. A member of parliament has many privileges and he usually exercises all of them; he has many opportunities to do good and to do harm, and he exercises some of them. Among the privileges there is the receipt of an indemnity of $2,500 per session, and the right, which is given by law to every senator and member of the house of commons, of travelling free on any Canadian railway. At Ottawa, the mem- ber of parliament is a member also of the finest club in Canada, the houses of parliament, which contain the largest and most complete library in the Dominion and the most sumptuous of restaurants and at home, if he be on the government side, he is the man who can make and unmake government officials, and exercise a wide and far reaching influence in many directions,

Some Members Busy

But being a member of parliament “is not all beer and skittles,’’as they say in England. A member who attempts to do his duty to his constituents, is much harder worked during the six or seven months the house is in session each year, than the ordinarily industrious business man. Making speeches in the house, or even listening to the oratorical efforts of his colleagues, is a very small part of the work of a member. To begin with he will probably receive from a dozen to fifty letters every day, all requiring an answer, and many of them necessitating van interview with a minister or a visit to one of the departmental offices, which are scattered all over the city. Most of these letters come from constituents who desire favors from the government or information of a political nature. There are people who want to get timber limits or grazing leases, homesteaders who are having trouble with the homestead in- spector, political supporters who have run up against some new and surprising allegation of the opposing party and who want to know how to answer it, people who want jobs for themselves, their sons or their friends. All these write to their member, and of course they expect that whatever they ask he will be able to accomplish. To write their letters, the members employ a large number of stenographers. Hitherto the work has been done by a charming bevy of young ladies who carried their typewriters and notebooks around and camped in com- mittee rooms, smoking rooms, corridors or any old place where they could get the use of a table or a chair for a while. One day there was a mild sensation caused by one of these young ladies tripping quite unconcernedly into the chamber when the house of commons was in session to take dictation from one of the members. When she realized her mistake she hastily retreated, and the house roared with laughter. The members, it is said, were

|; must be a great thing to be a member

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

Delegatcs to Manitoba Grain Growers’ Convention, Brandon, January 24, 25 and 26

Sidelights on Parliament

An interesting article on some of the Happenings Behind the Scenes at the Capitol

very fond of dictating letters to these fair and fluffy damsels, but a few days before the Christmas recess an unfeeling committee having jurisdiction over the internal economy of the house, gave orders for their banishment and in future their places will be taken by men.

Committee Meetings

Then there are meetings of the various committees of the house, some of which each member belongs to and is supposed to take an interest in. There is the railway committee, for instance, to which all private bills dealing with railway legislation are referred for the consider- ation of their details. A “private” bill, it should be noted, means a bill that -is introduced in parliament at the request and for the benefit of some individual, group of individuals or corporation, such as a measure authorizing a railway company to construct new lines or ex- tending the time during which such lines may be constructed. Bills only go to the committees after passing first and second readings in the house and having their principles approved, and it is the business of the committee to consider matters of detail and either make such amendments as may be thought desirable and then send the bill back to the house for third reading or to throw the bill out altogether. Party lines are not quite so closely drawn in committee as in the house itself, and here members often have opportunities of securing changes which, for party reasons, they would not advocate from their seats in the house. What frequently happens, however, is that a bill which is opposed by some special interest but is known to meet with popular approval, and which the members would not dare to offend their constituents by opposing publicly in the house, is quietly killed in committee when the speeches made and the names of those voting are not recorded either in Hansard or the party press. An instance of this was the bill providing for the establishment of co-operative

societies, which was killed by the banking and commerce committee last session, as the result of the opposition of the Retail Merchants’ association. The standing committees, of which there are thirteen, meet during the forenoon, and attendance at these takes up a good deal of the time of members.

Business in The House

At three o’clock ‘‘The House”’ opens, with prayers. Non-members are rigidly excluded from the chamber during devo- tions, which are led by the speaker, and it is reported that sometimes a good deal more than prayers are said, the time being a favorite one for the airing of personal grievances. At any rate prayer time sometimes lasts much longer than usual, and occasionally the muffled sounds of voices raised in angry dispute reach the corridors. The business of the house then goes on until six o’clock, when a recess for dinner is taken. At eight business is resumed, and may be continued until any hour of the night or morning, though usually the adjournment takes place about midnight.

But it must not be supposed that while the debates are in progress the members must sit in their places listening to the speeches for and against, carefully weigh- ing the arguments adduced and earnestly endeavoring to decide on which side they shall cast their vote. Oh, no! A member must put in an appearance at some time during the day or $15 will be deducted from his indemnity, and he must’ be around when a vote is likely to be taken, or he will be in trouble with the party whips, but when matters of minor impor- tance are being discussed and especially when the house sits until late at night, the majority of the members may be found in any place except their seats, There are rooms on every floor to which members can retreat when bored by parliamentary oratory. The chief resting place for tired liberals, is ‘‘Number sixteen,” con- veniently situated just across the corridor

Direct Legislation: or The Initiative and Referendum What It Is and Why We Need It

All over Western Canada the people are asking for information on

Direct Legislation.

This little booklet of 36 pages by R. L. Scott tells

the whole story. Every man interested in Direct Legislation should buy from 25 to 100 copies of this booklet and distribute them among _ his

friends. copies for a dollar.

They will be sent to any address for 5¢ each, post paid, or 25 If you want only one, send for it.

If you want a

large number of copies to be distributed, send in the names and addresses with your money, and the booklets will be mailed direct to any names desired. Direct Legislation is one of the greatest needs of the time, and

no man ean afford to be without a copy of this booklet.

They are kept

in stock in The Guide office and will be sent promptly by return mail.

GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE, WINNIPEG

BOOK DEPARTMENT - -

from the entrance to the chamber, while the conservatives have their ‘‘ Number eighty-nine,” across the road from the Press room. The Press room itself is frequently invaded by members from both sides seeking intellectual refreshment. Refreshment of another kind, with or without the company of the gentlemen of the press, is sought upstairs in the restaurant, with former governor-generals, premiers and old time patriots looking on in silent envy from oil paintings on the walls. There are also rooms in different parts of the building reserved for the use of members from the different portions of the Dominion, and on the ground floor, near the library and reading rooms, is the smoking room where the tedious hours preceding an early morning division are often whiled away in a quiet game of cards, or a stern but silent contest over the chess board. There are comfortable lounges in every room, but members who have the unfortunate habit of snoring are not allowed to sleep long in peace.

“Poor But Honest’? Members

A “poor but honest” member of parliament who comes to Ottawa has a hard row to hoe. There are such, no doubt, and there will be more when the people use more discretion in selecting their representatives, but a man who has not a considerable income apart from his sessional indemnity, is, to say the least, subject to great temptations. Take the case of a Western member for instance. Unless he is a farmer; he must practically retire from active business, tt 6 if he has no investment of capital from which he can draw a revenue he must live on his sessional indemnity of $2,500 less $15 per day for non-attendance at the house. With a home to maintain in Ottawa during the winter months and another in his constituency for the summer and a family to provide for, he will probably find it hard to make both ends meet, but still it can be done. But getting elected is an expensive matter and, in a large constituency, such as those in the West, a candidate cannot expect to get through on less than $4,000 or $5,000. Some of the candidates in the last election spent $20,000 and one or two much more than that. And the question is, how is a mem- ber to get his $5,000 or $10,000 back? In some,cases the funds are provided from thejcampaign chest of the party, but the party chest is, filled chiefly by the big, corporations,g and what is a member, who, has been elected with this assistance, vores when those corporations come to parliament to ask for favors? Wherein is his position different from that of a member who accepts a direct bribe? There are many members, no doubt, who come to Ottawa determined to raise their voice and use their votes against the ge rca and the wrongs that prevail. They will not be parties to the granting .of special privileges to the railways or anyone else. But when they get here they find unexpected difficulties in the way. It is pointed out to them by some smooth-tongued and more exper-

Continued on Page 81

meee

Free

SHIP OWNERS

Alfred Holt & Co., India Buildings, Water St, Liverpool, 28th Oct., 1910. In reply to your letter of October 27,

we are not manufacturers, and can only

speak from our own point of view as ship- owners. If the following statement of our opinions is any use for your purpose, we have no-objection to its appearing in the Grain Growers’ Guipt with our name. As shipowners running regular steamers between Great Britain and

Canadian ports (Victoria and Vancouver),

we find 1t impossible to over-emphasize

the advantages which free trade confers upon those directly and indirectly de- pendent upon shipping,—a vast number in this country. Ina general way, shipping, like other trades, benefits by the high level of prosperity which free trade produces, and which is chiefly due to cheap and abundant food and untaxed raw material and partly-manufactured materials for industry. More particular- ly, the carrying trade plainly depends for its prosperity upon the system of open orts, which allows the free inflow of oreign and. colonial goods and_ the corresponding outflow of home-produced oods which are exchanged for them. urther, cheap ships are a clear result of free trade; not only steel plates, but practically everything that goes to the manufacture of a ship, would be taxed under a protective tariff. We are con- vinced that Great Britain’s immense pre-dominance in the shipping trade would be most seriously endangered by any change in her fiscal policy, and that any country which desires to rival it must begin by throwing off the shackles of protection.

GAS ENGINES

Crossley Bros., Ltd., Openshaw, Manchester, November 24th, 1910. Please excuse this long delay in replying

to yours of the 28th ulto. You asked me to state why Crossley Bros., Ltd., are Free Traders and how we compete suc~ cessfully with free imports—we have no foreign competition to face. They can’t touch our prices and we sell largely abroad because we have a well organized industry, and can buy materials at rock bottom prices. I don’t know of any other reasons. Our workmen get the best wages in the trade—much more than the Germans.

CUTLERY

Wm. Nixon, Beech Hurst,

Eyam, Derbyshire, 28th Oct, 1910.

In response to yours of the 28th inst, which has been given to me by my company in Sheffield,—the reasons why my Company can compete successfully with their rivals in Canada, United States, and other protected markets in which they do business, are:—

(1) That they keep up the quality of the manufactures, and take pains to be abreast of their customer's requirements in the matter of new styles and patterns.

(2) That they supply good value for money, and

(8) That they are able to charge low prices for the quality of goods which they supply because they can purchase their raw material in the cheapest market in the world, wherein no tariff impost makes such material dear, and that they can obtain labor—the most expensive portion of the prime cost of their manufactures— at comparatively low rates because their workmen can live well, and at compar- atively small cost. My company is yearly increasing its Canadian business, and could do so more rapidly and profit- ably if the continental manufacturers of cutlery who export to the Canadian market were prevented from systemat- ically undervaluing their exports, and thus setting up an unfair competition with British exporters. I am always pleased to read that the Canadian manufacturers or the manufacturers of any country

THE

GRAIN GROWERS’

GUIDE

Protection Would Ruin Them

NOTE-—Some months ago, in search of information on the tariff question, The Guide asked for explanations from British manufacturers as to why they were Free Traders and did not want protection. A number of answers

have arrived and are here published for the benefit of our readers. They show a side of the question to which Canadians are not accustomed.—Ed.

which has a system of high tariffs, declare that those tariffs are imperative to enable them to compete with the manu- facturers of this and other countries. So far as my own trade is concerned, this is an admission of my superiority in manufacturing, and so far as the con- sumer in protected countries is concerned, this should enable him to see what price he has to pay for the sake of nursing industries which cannot, confessedly, exist without depriving him of the right to purchase in the cheapest market. Please observe that I am solely responsible for the facts named herein, and for the opinions herein expressed. } WM. NIXON,

Chairman of Geo. Wolstenholm & Son.Ltd

Washington. Works, Sheffield.

COTTON AND WOOL

William Anderson, Ltd., 12 Princes Sq.

e Glasgow, November 5th, 1910.

The question is asked,—Why are the leading manufacturers of Great Britain free traders, and how is it they can compete successfully in face of free imports. The answer is not far to seek. Great Britain’s commercial supremacy is conceded. In volume, her imports and exports outdistance all other coun- tries,—in quality they are immeasurably

- America and_ their

our factory buildings are erected at less eost than in any other country.

We never make anything we can buy cheaper and we always pay in kind—and in living memory, except to help a lame neighbor over a stile, we have not exported a gold dollar, and last but not least, we are able to pay our work-people higher wages than any other country except earnings have a higher money.value than in any other country in this wide world. The net result is that in no article we produce, given equal and suitable climatic condi- tions and natural advantages, are we beaten by the foreigner, and if the imports of manufactured goods are still further examined it will be found that much of what is imported could not be manufactured in this country, and no inconsiderable part could be traced to a better system of technical education abroad or to the experience of generations in the production of goods peculiar to certain localities.

Our system of free imports has built up for us an enormous trade in foreign and colonial produce for re-exportation. This trade, amounting annually to ninety

. millions sterling, gives employment to our

shipping, besides bringing to our market buyers from all parts of the world, who find here what they would have to roam

CANADA’S TARIFF LAWS

or “Where Industry leans on the Politician”

Every man, woman and child in Canada should be most deeply

interested in this subject.

: ‘(Sixty Years of Protection in Canada,’’ by Edward Porritt, is the story of the tariff in Canada since 1846, regard the Tariff as a very dry and uninteresting subject.

Many But Mr.

Porritt takes out the dryness and makes it most interesting. Every farmer could spend a number of pleasant evenings with this book and at the same time have his eyes opened to the iniquity of the tariff laws of Canada. Every farmer would then understand why he has to pay out $200 a year to support the manufacturers when he could buy the same articles

cheaper elsewhere.

The book contains 478 pages and is fully indexed.

This book is kept in stock in The Guide office and will be sent promptly by return mail to any address, post paid, for $1.50.

BOOK DEPARTMENT - - -

superior, Of her exports 80 per cent. represents manufactures, Of her imports all but 28 per cent. are foodstuffs and raw materials. If the 23 per cent. of wholly and partly manufactured goods is examined, it will be found that the major part consists of articles which are the raw material of her manufacturers— yarn for the weaver—leather for’ the shoe-manufacturer—cloth for the cloth- ing manufacturer, and so on, and the actual value of the goods ‘completed and ready for use’’ will be found not to exceed one-half of the total, or, liberally calculated, sixty millions sterling—equal to 12 per cent of the total imports of manufactures. These are the free imports which are supposed to be our undoing. The board of trade returns for 1910 show us almost at the highest point of pros- petity yet reached, and our virility is the marvel of the world. We have not to search for “lost trades,” or ‘‘decaying industries” —nor yet to recover from the “paralysing effect of free imports.”

“The proof of the pudding is in the eating,” and free imports are responsible for Great Britain’s progress as a manu- facturing Nation. It is of vital necessity that we produce cheaply and profitably, as we have not the licence to rob the home consumer that we may sell cheaper to the foreigner—which protection gives. Our export trade is done more profitably than that of any other country. We exploit the whole world for raw materials (even if they are classed as ‘‘wholly or partially manufactured’’) and lay the whole world under tribute for food stuffs. We are absolutely free from the handicap of Protection in any shape, form or fashion. Onur machinery is laid down,

GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE, WINNIPEG

the continent or the colonies to procure. Is it needed to instance our shipping—the product of free trade?—carrying as it does 50 per cent. of the entire over-sea trade inward and outward of the United States—their own shipping ruined by gern aii our shipbuilding, which as often been saved by free imports?

So much for the case of the nation, how far does it synchronise with my own experience?—to that I answer—‘‘In every particular.” My trade is about equally divided between home and foreign. My ability to maintain my home trade depends largely on my ability to meet my home competitor. The foreigner is easily taken care of, as he cannot compete with me in such goods as are suited to the conditions and climate of this country.

That may be said to apply specially to my cotton trade—in woolens I can exploit the foreigner and import yarns from Belgium and France, which, for well known reasons, cannot be produced in this country.

In my export trade, I have to meet not only foreign competition, but to override hostile tariffs. Here comes in the vital necessity for cheap production. My work-people must have cheap food, and the purchasing power of their wages must not be reduced by any tariff impost. The cost of my machinery must not be increased. With free imports all these conditions are fulfilled, I fear no foreign competition, but maintain a trade which, strange as it may appear, is large or small just in proportion to the tariffs which have to be surmounted—largest with the United States, smallest with Free Trade Holland. ;

Look now at the effect on my trade of

February 8, 1911

rade Helps Manufacturers

the policies of protection and Colonial preference. Take the last first. We are asked to put a duty of 2 shillings a quarter on all grain, and 5 per cent. on meat coming from foreign countries, and allow colonial produce (export manu- factures) to come in free. This duty is called a ‘‘preference’’ to the colonies, and would be of no value to them unless the price of the produce rose to the level of the foreign cost, plus the duty which it certainly would do. The benefit to the colonies might reach four millions sterling, and the net cost to the British consumer about thirty millions—the British farmer being no fool would of course raise his price in the same proportion. Under such conditions the Canadian farmer would presumably demand no smaller price at home than he could obtain abroad, and the Canadians would prompt- ly find “colonial preference’ translate itself into a tax upon their own flour. Of course we are told from every platform that we can make the foreigner pay the tax but nobody out of bedlam believes that. The consumer always pays If for ‘‘consumer” you read “my work- people” you have the thing in a nutshell.

The increased cost of food will necessi- tate increased wages, causing increased cost of production. I must raise the price of my goods and if I cannot obtain the increase I must bring back the wages to their former level, without, however, reducing the price of food. As Mr. Chamberlain used to say, “If you tax food you lower wages.”

But we are told that Canada has given us a preference, and if we do not recipro- cate it will bring us to the “parting of the ways,’’ etc., etc. Sir Wilfrid Laurier has nailed this lie to the counter. ‘The preference was given out of gratitude,’ ’and no Canadian farmer wishes to enrich himself at the expense of the British working man. Still it does duty on every platform. I do not undervalue the preference given to Great Britain because I appreciate its motive, but I do say that it accounts for but a small proportion of the increase of her trade with the Dominion. Canada’s greater purchasing power accounts for the larger part of the increase. As well say that because the United States increased her trade still more than Great Britain—it was due to the absence of any preference. Does a dollar a bushel buy no more than 50

‘cents, and seven millions of people no

more then five and one-half millions? The preference to Great Britain has been of advantage to the people of Canada, and the extent of the advantage is exactly the amount of the saving in duty represented by the preference. That is to say, if the Canadian has £1,000 worth of goods to buy and values are equal in Great Britain, and say, Germany or France, the outlay in the one case for duties will be £250, and in the other £350. The £100 saved can be kept for future use. In nine cases out of ten British values would have been lower and the trade would have gone to her manufacturers any way, preference or no preference. The prefer- ence to Great Britain provided first and foremost for complete protection to Canadian manufacturers, and they can view it with indifference —but a prefer- ence by Great Britain on the lines before indicated would be better than any tariff that could be framed for their benefit. Their most serious competitor would be crippled by increased costs.

Take protection next, and see how it affects me. On the ground that because . the foreigner taxes himself on everything he buys from us, we are invited to tax ourselves on all that we buy from the foreigner.

The cost of every article used in constructing a mill and in its mainten- ance will be increased by a general tariff, even if not a single item is im- ported—the cost of my goods will be increased, but their value not en- hanced. Enhanced cost means dimin-

Continued on Page @@

February 8, 1911 me THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE "-* Page 9

Reciprocity Opinions

; ; : Since the minister of finance announced the reciprocity arrangements made with i

United States in the House of Commons on Jan. 26th, a great variety of opinions have been expressed by leading men

The following schedule shows the present tariff of Canada aud United States on the

patina ee aoetaonee ave articles affected by the reciprocal arrangements and also proposed new also commented freely. As these opinions tariff. This schedule is the one presented to parliament ae invereabing Reiee atten tom Er by Hon. W. S. Fielding, and is copied from Hansard

are reproduced here. Sir William Mackenzie

A eay8 . : : Rates now Sir William Mackenzie, president of CanaviAn TARIFF proposed for Reduction } the C.N.R.:—‘‘I am dead against any ArticLEs amc detest one pulsed by aes ney eer by . $$$ |__| ariff. tates an ates, anada.

such agreement. Canada is prosperous Preferential. Intermediate. General * Canada

enough at present and ‘Hands off the — AGS ats Ska tariff’ should be the motto. Quite

5 apie Cattle yl aha sy aeee pee: another matter is freer trade within the Leen thaaone year old Empire if desirable. Valued at not_more than $14 per eee cae : Aye an ° C1: T Danae nn aie aE RE Se Set aD (Aa muh CN pani eres PR pow wie Shot Brit te NII Us Ibi eye Beate Shes aha ty bt 24 5 e CAG fo ee a 5 er ad... W. J. Tregillus Valued at more than $14 per head]......c..secsvc[eceee es eh tees baler tae neer tenes 27% Nor bent: ie Pa EN emer aaIES | yA 4 Her cant: ei W. J. Tregillus, vice-president of the Horses and mules..........-0+2005 CR ae AR UI bISe Reh eeed ey pyctete ata ged guea AN pa ap REN OTE LIE ALOR aA OAR eae RGB er ei edie ts cigs ace curity ae é Horses over one year old, valued United Farmers of Alberta, Calgary:— at $50 or less... : SARIZROs Scene Tt Ey OMe a orn Pian amos ER eGR aL ome y one $12.50. “Tt is a move in the right direction and LEE ean ors aee bec ‘19214 per cent.../25 per cent..... Give lee BC eT oo ties 25 per cent TtHHOL j j . alued a@ or less per head. ..}...-...55. EET HEP A COREE HUTT DIT LOME I ON at Meee tte Ee per head... JP Tee eee os. Ne the only criticism that might ye ae Valued at over $150 RO Ee LD ee cree nay 25 per cent..... RUMOR NNER oa GSC 25 per cent... .. at it is that it does not go far enough. Swine ........... le. per lb.. 1e. per lb... .. 1c. per lb. .... $1.50 each...... a hy Or 181.50 each,...../140. per lb. We have had too narrow a market and Sheep and lambs....... 15 per cent 221% per cent. ..|25 per cent.....]...- Bagia Nanaia CAE pave alt ener bp Sauer ea cy rare 26 per cent. 48 L h 75 head uf 1 h there has been no competition but now ripepareak ie Amel Pe ete loa bt bakes Ae see sne cis 81.60 per foie fs ee ais rare $1:60 per head". that the. United States market is open to Other live animals...... er 20 per cent... Sp DETTIDIT Ti ]e20 per cent. "126 per cent. our grain we may expect competition Poulttzs dead and allve. 25 i 0.05 soe] seaice ee bas asiZ a gions acshee Baan teen es ree ease PF i 1 ” AVE ee AU ea was paws ae 15 tase er cent... LteRai ys | nse arate Pivantea ire bon elu Ca DAR Acree) per cen and better prices. Debdics actos ties ecce ey Bi ee ie ee a ee as agate ee Sake uae aie aes i eae ieee 7 10 Gants vo oo NO SR curso OR a ee ee S. L. Head, cattle dealer, Winnipeg, Oats v pce 904 10 & 1B gees GOP Uaat ha iolas 15 : 10.8 says reciprocity will be of immense advan- pind ‘ 10 Ron 12% i 15 a $0 es aaa e sai a0 18 i tage to Canadian agriculture generally. Beans, edible, dried, per bushel... 0/15 2.2. ee AE ee eB Gee IO L. A. Walsh ease, dried, per bushe' SLO ee 15 ‘Wesel peaua’ b6E3 DattGvas euane e ee hala od ‘ je fhe seed pease 40c.) 40 Pavone | L. A. Walsh, Land Co., Winnipeg, says ones od bushel. sages 1244 “ 11 same hea bie yh 25 conte costo Reais ap0> 4 20 o Canada for dis- ‘ that free wheat should increase the value tillation) CEO tee lake .|Free ... ..|16c. per bushel..] “0... ...50. 16c. per bushel. of Western Canadian lands. ee potatoes, per bushel ........ a cents srr e cents... . oe cents........ et aan uate cents........ Bs es : BIB ey ais Ne hog h0 wie 0 oie cw Sige awe © 5 per | Erneres er cent .. er cent OR OCG is le ea a ie vie airs er cent iii. per cent, W. H. Rowley Purmipa 202202200. poe erg Re ee foes ee eer W. H. Rowley, president of the Cana- Cabbagia': tay beds va’e 2 s SN erie * sn Ke 1 ae be pee bHAie nag, eee eee Hegel pupae a dian Manufacturers’ Association:— All other vegetables in their natural eae Gees serena ne Maras ig ‘‘There is absolutely no necessity for any Fret eis aig 6B Name Me OBO HO RR ber Mane. cata enous mays vies {28 per cent...../80 A . ¢ . Ss rults, viz-— ohauts iar big Miaacye au it in Just AppleNs Ghee eee Reh eet 26c. per bbl... .. 35c. per bbl..... 40c. per bbl... .. 26c. per bushel..| “ 5c. per bushel. ./40c. per bbl. possible that in the future certain changes ERIE ie clita Uy as sige Neen ei 174% per cent. .|2214 per cent...|25 per cent... ,.|25c. i ph eae 26c. * ..|29 per cent. in the tariff may be advisable. It is Peaches sissies Pees Canes 67¢. p. 100 Ibs... |90c. p. 100 Ibs..|$1 per 100 Ibs.../25ce. ** HFG fener Meer nsdn | Ls eaue .|$1 per 100 Ibs. y, inopportune however, to re-adjust our Green. oa intaawae ena eee le. perlb..... 134c. perlb.....|2e. perlb...,...|25c. per phase - area ene, ft.,|/2¢. per lb. tariff with the United States now. We or packages... peicne ce should wait and see what the democratic Wild Blueberries, wild _ straw- party, the new party of power, is going. Be teint ala ipta gia VOR Hreeiiecoee aye BrOGs 5 sili Scie Brag cae un: le. periquarts 25). fol se ds le. per quart... to | do. It 18 foolhardy going about berries and strawberries, n.0.p.. 1 4c. perlb..... 134c. per lb... .. 2c. perlb....... le per quart....} “..........{le. per quart... .|2¢. per 1b, revising tariffs until we know how we All pttisr edible fruits in their ¥ ' 5 as ‘ stand with the democrats. Another , natural state, n.o.p. ........../1714 per cent ..|224 percent... ./25 percent... .. TRE ON ARDC oe aaa. ree or 25 p.c,..|25 per cen reason why we should not tinker with Dried apples........+.00.e0es 00s [1TH urges (1 2-0 We mea | 2 HS) 1 i oin{ SO POB AB sie «4% Bea es 2c. per Ib. tee i why d Dried peaches, pears and apricots. .|1714 se . [22% hi 2/25 at Fe | CRE aA EER r Gs, Uerd ced Seana 2c rah [25 our tariff at present is because we are Butter ............. 0... c ences 8c. per lb... .... 4c. perlb....... 4c. perlb....... 6c. per Ib... .... A MAS 6c. per lb. 4c. per Ib. doing very well as we are. We do not Ree labia amt miahir Lochs Dos Mate eee ir SPM ata eaed ity Reet pe % ess ‘i ec < 1 174% ‘i t . . Pesh M ibe ee ea cts es hee egies 15 ieee r $n t ..]%c. pe: Bae aiyd teas rane acetal te ce ic. per ga é per cent. hte any Spheppapaate from ie Uaited FBresheream 3.2 aie yee siete 15 eae nee Pe 2) Paes ... {17 fesse ee Se. ie at eironced Rusher eer iia Gis Se ance Eeees o tates in the management of our affairs. Eggs ....... 06.0 cece eee ee ee Qc. perdoz ..... 2léc, per doz...|8c. per doz... .. Se. perdoz...... Er eden pee 5c. per doz... ..|3¢- per doz. They had better learn first to manage Boney Sang aeperreltas sedis Pires WG Qc. perlb.......|2)4e. perlb..... Se. perlb..... 2. 20c. per gal. .... + SAGAS owes 20c. per gal..... Pe per lb. diets own. ‘Then there isvanother reagon CGP Hell Rill ott seeie soll par cent,’ 10 tap pmb) (.. Ope coat. Wieeette nA) 9 Ao le e why these changes should not be brought when in packages weighin, over|. : ; about. We do not want anything done one pound each, not including which will disturb our well understood Picci ddne Oem ding timothy “aud f : trade policy with Great Britain and it é clover seed On Hae GEIS OEE 5 per cent...... 10 per cent... .. 10 per cent..... Bree ngkaves Gila ea Man Cee, NOTE ECS ARR 10 per cent. looks to me as if this new arrangement evan at lipaped pe Doshal. Pres 7H. peasants ite, jiaeaeneaen 08: sae ae Fae Rarer te antes a RBG fey aoe Ne ; otton seed and all other oil seeds. .|5 per cent... .... 10 per cent...... per cent...... TOO eS AMC ns Leber Bouse BE SS per cent, would do so. In a word we do not want Hay, per ton ........00s0 senses s, B65. BI8iss cree BRO creas $4 (2,940 Iba) Sess est aaas 84 (2,240 Ibs.) ../82. anything done that will minimize or Straw “itl eee BLOB cece BLT Goes Sa neers $1.50 (2,240 Ibs.)) “......... [81,50 (2,240 Ibs,)/82. lessen the benefits which we give Great Extract of hemlock bark.......... Free .. riper e ess Bree SRE NUON F yg -* Wavereneter ata Ye. per lb...... Lie Pit tobe ks Yee. per lb... .. Britain under the preference, and as I say ‘ or man|ufacturing purpo|ses.) r r : Gl ified.:....|Free .. Spa eran i brie itr: it looks as if this agreement Sead do Glycerin, crude, not purified Bee ties BEG Sete git ae RRO ca Geka cea {hOs DOR AD. oor day seen ae aeleg le. per lb. this.’”’ Mackerel, fresh, pickled or salted, 5 ig “« Robert Meighen FF set ig So uu eect Ft Rog accra [flay Sane Pe ee een Pig da eet Robert Meighen, president of the Lake Pickled or salted. ...........006 80c. per 100 Ibs./45e. per 100 Ibs.|60c. per 100 Ibs.|60c. per 100 Ibs.) “+. -... 5-5 50c. per 100 Ibs,|50c. per 100 lbs. of the Woods Milling Co., and director Bake or ne ered Bee TD. ai “i 4 cent. ......./34 cent)... 2.0: Voentes eas pW se Rie peal ep Se Ue UB yy ¥ cent .....,. 1 cent of the C.P.R.:—‘‘I am decidedly opposed peaalied: paRlbo ce pple cehagcde “ue yoo ok ae gece seen to reciprocity with the United States. Cod, haddock, ling, pollock, fresh] ERE Ee tal Ee GM te Gtk M om . calted or plekled, erlbiscsas: apse eae es BE ak GA ee eau eae py eee ae are eae sera piney HASCGL, Sino eiaee ei oe Due great with Atopic) ging trade Boneless, per lb... ee weve eegeey ee 8 Meese senceiga NS Gg Le eae fe if cents ...... py eNiya seen er Oho) i+ faeengien Nee relations wi e 450,000, people Eels and smelts, fresh or frozen, within our own Empire, a large proportion abe ee icc cease ial’ “oe 8 ES Me, 1th ee wenkh yee Hee EN te ae Miceat <0. (eS of whom are the greatest consumers in other, fresh, pickled or salted, the world of our Paral roducts ” er Ib. woe ye Sete ee ee eee ee % LUNs Hee % Petey RRNA 1 ASR Re % Ng I Mik Ma Rela e % a ONIN 1 o Pp . Salmon ane all other fish, prepared 14 ¥ i Ne ‘ Pi ‘ * FOSELVOEd, TOPs eocnecee reese 1 er cent... |27 ercent,,../80 percent...... 30 percent... 5.) 0 ese aes a per cent... ,. per cent, E. J. Chamber lin if i packages containing less than if Y E. J. Chamberlin, general manager of hal abarrely os ive aces bas ale PCE PUN UH apa BOVE Aa ed (NEE TOUS Maer Bey 80 per cent.....| “ -.++++--,../80 per cent.....) - Grand Trunk Pacific Railway of Winni- ,,,Umited States (minimum 80p.c.) : peg:—‘‘ The proposed new tariff on manu- Shelled in bulk, per gal........... A eente ss is esis 9 cents ......., 10 -behts ks | et Pare en Oe oni, Reale Una un na Law Baer hy BCU 10 cents. factured goods should make very little Shelled, in cans not over one pint, change in traffic to the railways. They _imeluding the duty on eons, pei ee eee i b will undoubtedly at some points which Shelled, in cans over one pint and will be offset by the increases at others. not Po hd quart, including ik age er » bs ee The Grand Trunk Pacific sees nothing to e duty on cans, per can...... Tory (lg Were Cte AUN | Ra nC KE RAE ace bey ‘ : Fi Shell, in cans exceeding one quart Be elbeae ab put ta tHe nee Eee nen 2 oe eevarie, gastnd es tier Ag conte ole seaa r r Pree or co or e coun . on cans Bi aicataithe gin con 0 [8 COnts occ es centavos Cents 2... (Bree wees Be BOO ee ea eb [ee eee Wy sip laa'e ‘ Pies ; - Lobsters; trea rahe 20 per cent.,.../25 per cent,.... Lidietins cheer ae en Haver benvaleeeerernress ena (@O. DEF COME, Ontario Fruit Dealers «canned 746 SOT oy. (80 i a ep dir eve meer % oikaniigc Vorname dh 1 J. Robinson, an Ontario fruit dealer hg ive aoe sadias ud ey Be centinis fei 3 Peentis V5 Pe bed ae MOM besa cuca Aa ele Nar aig ee cent........,]1 cent. visiting in Winnipeg:—‘‘I have heard that hahoren sok. voioesvee aes 20 per cent..,..|25 percent......|Shell. fish free) “ ...,...,....|Free or 3c. per |25 per cent. Ontario apples and Ontario peaches and Rick Pes tak fish 3c, Ib. ‘ grapes will suffer by free trade but I Cod liver oilseiss goss ess 1214 per cent. ..|20 percent. .... 2214 per cent...|15c. per gallon..| “ --..++.05- 15c. per gallon. .|22}4 per cent. think that the market for these products Seal, herring, whale and other will be ter than ever.” ABW OU cece t are ke eek ee 12 1-3 per cent.|20 « "....]92 1-8 per cent.| 8e. BER Sade ce ia se Gg ei Bes ba 21224 s 1 et a Feldspar, crude, powdered or ground|Free .......... Rie eae ERO Creer aes 0 p.c. (ground) Dab sk ke 20 per cent. .... R. M. Wilson tobe FEN page fire BN es CEST EAN of Ce OR DOR EON Ge ay AR RTS ... (88 per ton...... R. M. Wilson, Maringhurst, director Be cae EN ES Be of the Manitoba Grain Growers’ Associa- bolted cee ye cae eu 15 per cent. ....|17 4 percent..|@0 percent ....|20 per cent.....] “ ........,.|20 per cent...../20 per cent, tion:—“I am glad that there has been a T#le,: reed areagete tHe ius he reduction, however slight, in the duty on toiletuse ..... 222.65 Aen Brees. cc. Pree. kt Pree es le, per Ib... .... MERGE eM ee le. per Ib... .... implements coming into Canada. But Plaster son or gypsum, crude, not] i a rs ; _ phe oeris } TroOun! CUTE E Ny aeRO ARSC RU UU INGuMCr Irybe oy wre Gey buna De Cy YOR es ae Fier kA Be ce, per TON...) ae ee eee ee »perton,.... I am not yet satisfied. If the natural. oof bilk “ ‘lac. per 100 Ibs, _|Sc. per 160 Ibs,|7c, per 100 Ibs... “ .......... {Te per 100 Ibs. .. joc. per 100 Ibs. surroundings are congenial to any indus- Salt} in bags, barrels and other : try, then it can exist without being MOVEHIgE Gee elers osb tu ee iste er Sanne Ld (-ecsenoaentate cis EUAN is Hane d Meta PR SRS Veo sat _ |e 4

Page 10

fostered at all. If it cannot exist without being fostered then it has no business to be in competition with similar industries

elsewhere.” J. L. Brown

J. L. Brown, Pilot Mound, Man.:— “The placing of wheat upon the free list should in my opinion make a difference of five cents a bushel in the price which Western farmers will receive for that grain. Inconnection with the reduction of 214 per cent. on implements, if that is all, it is a mere bagatelle.”

James Bower

James Bower, president of the United Farmers of Alberta, Red Deer:—“Th placing of cattle on the free list will revolutionize the trade in our province. If we could get cattle free into the Chicago market we will be more than satisfied with the result of the negotiations. It will practically mean a solution of the rate question in Canada for it will force down the freight rates which now exist and which we have been endeavoring to reduce for so many years. I don’t see how placing wheat on the free list will effect the milling trade. They are right on the ground where the wheat is grown and it should not place them in an unfair position at all.”

A. G. Hawkes

A. G. Hawkes, director Saskatchewan Grain Growers’ Association, Broadview, Sask.—‘‘If I had been asked to take my choice of free wheat or free implements I would have chosen the former. The placing of these grains on the free list is, -in my estimation, the worst black eye which the railway corporations of Canada have ever received. It ought to bring them to time in the matter of freight rates as nothing else could.”

R. C. Henders

R. C. Henders, president of the Mani- toba Grain Growers’ Association, Culross, Man.—‘“‘I am not satisfied with the reduction on implements. If there is one thing that the farmer feels more strongly about than another it is the price on implements where he is compelled to pay heavy toll towards the protection of the manufacturer.”

E. J. Fream

E. J. Fream, secretary of the United Farmers of Alberta, Innisfail:—‘‘I am of the firm opinion that this gathering (The Manitoba Grain Growers’ convention) should pass a strong resolution commend- ing the placing of wheat on the free list and condemning the lack of consideration shown towards the great question of the reduction of the duty on implements.”’.

E. A. Partridge

E. A. Partridge, Sintaluta, director of the Saskatchewan Grain Growers’ Asso- ciation:—“‘I am thankful for what we have received but I will continue to look for more until we have complete free trade. Protection is a selfish and sec- tional policy which should not continue.”

Massey-~Harris Mr. Findlay, assistant general manager, Massey-Harris Company, Toronto, Ont. :— “Tt is a very serious matter for implement manufacturers. We have been made the scapegoat as usual.”

C.P.R. Director W. D. Matthews, grain dealer, and director of the C.P.R., says that recipro- city is a blow to Canadian industry.

Grain Dealer F. W. Haye, grain dealer, Listowel, Ont.:—‘ Ontario farmers will receive the greatest benefit as they will then have a larger market for their producets.”

Lumbermen Joseph Oliver, lumberman, Toronto, Ont.:—‘‘The Canadian lumbermen. will gain by piecing rough sawn lumber on the free list.’””

Implement Dealer

H. W. Hutchinson, general manager, John Deere Plow Company, Winnipeg:— “The 2 per cent. proposed reduction is so infinitestimal that I cannot see where the farmer is going to benefit. In my opinion harvesters would not be reduced more than $2.00 or $3.00, plows probably $1.50 and rakes 50 cents.’”

Sir Thos. Shaughnessy

Sir Thos. Shaughnessy, president C.P.R.; —‘It will not improve the position of the fruit industry which has become so promising in the Canadian West. It may also redound to the disadvantage of other Canadian industries. I am not prepared to discuss the transportation aspect without further study.”

Winnipeg Grain Exchange

A. D. Chisholm, president, Winnipeg

Grain Exchange:—* Under the new tariff

RECN ER USACE OPE OEM

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

Asbestos, not further manufactured than ground— Crude ..

anadian manufactures) ...... Bare ay helt eas scene te Balance Of item. e ivcc cs wees tae. Carbon electrodes... 2. .....02005 Cream separators and parts for RODOIEM Od erie oua ialWe fed buce e'e

Rolled round iron rods in the coil, of 4 not over three- eighths of an inch in diameter... Rolled iron or steel sheets, or plates, number fourteen gauge or thin- ner, galvanized or coated with

_ @ine, tin or other metal, or not.. Wire, crucible cast steel, valued at not less than 6 cents per lb... .. Galvanized iron and steel wire, curv-

‘ Canapian Tanirr

Preferéntial.

Free ..

ed or not, numbers nine, twelve] __

and thirteen

tles or jugs....... a pclies's ies Soda ash... 5.03. re Salt Rake ce eaied sac bees Timber, hewn, sided or squared otherwise than by sawing, and round timber used for spars or in building wharfs res Sawed boards, planks, deals and oth- er lumber, not further manu- factured than sawed Wider oene Paving posts, railroad ties, and tele- phones, trolley, electric light and telegraph poles of cedar and other woo

Wooden staves

Bacon and hams, per lb... Beef, salted in barrels, per lb... .... Pork, barrelled in brine, per lb... .. Meats, other salted Canned meats and canned poultry... Extract of meat, fluid or not

Buld oie ces

mor mind eee

_ {12)4 per cent...

Free

ree “

“

“&

Free and 165 p.c. bree 2 cents.... 142 cents. lie cents.. 13g cents.. 132 cents 1/ sg percent ... 174% bes ey

16 per cent.....

1}4 cents

package, per pound Wheat flour, semolina and rye flour,

per bbl, of 196 lbs... Oatmeal and rolled oats, per 100 lbs. Barley, pot, pearled and patent.... Barley malt....... Sesto cea uees Buckwheat flour or meal..........

Split pease, dried Prepared cereal foods ..........+- . 0. Do. oeaeaue baie Bran, middlings and other offals of grain, used for animal food....

Macaroni and vermicelli, per 100 lbs. Biscuits, wafers and cakes, having added sweetening only....

Biscuits, wafers, cakes and other baked articles composed in whole or in part of eggs or any kind of flour or meal when com- bined with chocolate, nuts, fruits or confectionery, also can- died peel, candied popcorn, can- died nuts, candied fruits, sugar candy and confectionery of all kinds.

Maple sugarand maple syrup......

Canned fruits, including the weight of the package, per Ilb,........

Peanuts, shelled ee

Peanuts, unshelled ........... 6005

Pickles, sauces and catsups........

Egg yoke, egg albumen and blood albumen Sc odigiel pera ew

fee eeee

Cherry juice and prune juice, or rune wine, and other fruit juices, and fruit syrup, non-al- coholic, ag ies Sardines, packed in oil in tin boxes, the weight of the tin box to be included in the weight for duty. (a) When weighing over twenty ounces and not over thirty-six ounces each, per box.......... (b) When weighing over twelve ounces and not over twenty ounces each, per box.......... (c) When weighing over eight ounces and not over twelve ounces each, per box..........

(d) When weighing eight ounces each or less, per box..........

Sardines, prepared in oil in boxes weighs ng over thirty-six ounces PADS Seidhasvewaaee vad ee kad Farm wagons and complete parts CHEKGOE 6 ieee Keane avdaes PlOUgS fC ockies by scsi hed eae Kye Tooth and disc harrows...

Harvesters and reapers.... Agricultural drills and planters DWE Sees y oaas Horse: rake vice screen te Cultivators...) 6 ceca tere eee Threshing machines ........+004+» Windstackers, baggers, weighers, and self-feeders therefor and finished parts of the foregoing for repairs

40 cents........

40 cents. 2U per cent.. 45c. per LUU lps. . %oc. per LUU Ibs, Uc. per bbl..... iuc. per bushel 17 per cent... 15 " es

“

75 cents.....

17% percent. ..

“

228

15 per cent.....

1% cents...... ae Ca 25 per cent.....

(2246

.|Free -|17}9 per cent...

Intermediate.

17%

per cent. ne

17% per cent...

ree ci siaeus 1% cents. 1% cents ..... 134 cents ..... 1% cents ..... 25 per gent mee

14% cents....... 50 cents......4.

50 cents,.....45 2744 per cent... 45c. per 100 Ibs. 45c. per 100 Ibs, 22 ec. per bbl... 1244c. per bush,

2240 per cent... + LT Be ey Ts n ye [Veer err in

25 per cent.....

COR eee

17% per cent...

Zi centa socceces Qt

ep a 324 percent...

General

1744 per cent 25 3

Free...

Bree oyicrice aa BEBE oa os Free Bae Bree. dics cr ee, eRe Se af . . Spercent ...... 5 per cent. {5 " ar he Natale CPBYOG soi egia discs ccs BOG! ioe os

20 per cent. POO oc Sd wines 17} per cent...

“

Free and 17}4 p.c|Free and 20 p.c./10 . 10

Free... scceeess

3 cents...

2 cents ...... 2 cents...... @ cents....,..

2 cents ....... 2734 percent... a7 4 «

1} cents...... 60 cents

60 cents........ 30 per cent..... 45c. per 100 Ibs. 50c. per 100 lbs. 26c. per bbl... .. léc. per bush... an per cent peal 7

2734 per cent...

20 per cent..... 214 cents....... 2 Sere

2 35 per cent.....

“

-|not less

United States Tariff.

Free . 25 per cent. 84c. per Ib.

per lb. not fess than 35 per cent.

than 85 per cent.

30 per cent. 20 percent,..... Fréec oo. es

8c. per gal......

Uge. per tb. $1 per ton.....

ft. BLM.

2c. to 40 p.c.

25 per cent...

25 per cent..... 40c. per 100 lbs. 45c, per bush... 20 per cent,.... 20 sf eae

8 cents per Ib. and 15 p.c. or 50 p.c. wane cents per lb.

or 50 p. ¢.; or 1 cent per lb. and 35 p. ¢.;

4 cents a lb

ZV CONtS. oe se eens 1 *

eee eeee “

40 per cent, dee’

i 1% cents .. . {134 cents

-|36e. per lb. -|45c. per 100

February 8, 1911

! Rates now proposed for Reduction both United by United Reduction by States and States. Canada. Canada Pree eae Bea ee bee 1734 per cent ts .|25 percent... ../25 af BTeO Gees eae ey ce. per lb...... Bree ey oe eka [ca es Ue ea ean seeeee es (45 per cent..... Bre@ eis ese ence os “ Freese eis |45 ss ees

“

50 cents.......

Yee, per lb 12 Jc, per 100 lbs Tec. per bush..

{1244 cents * per

100 Ibs. 25 per cent...

alg «

lcentalb......

1 8244 per cent...

-|4e. per Ib.

.|80 per cent 20 “«

wh 14% 5

3-10c. perlb.....

to 1 2-10c. per Ib.

not less than 85 per cent.

-jnot less than

85 per cent.

8c. per gallon... Me. per |b $1 per ton

Me. per cu. ft...

$1.25 per 1,000 ft. B. M......

‘ per et ee

“

2 2-10 pere. 4}4per cent. ....

lie. to2e.... 138 p.e. or 70c. per barrel... 50 cents.... 48 per cen 87c. per 100 lbs. 10 per cent...... 27 1c. per 100 lbs 837 4c. per bush,

% cent 25 per cent.....

17%

Scentsalb......

14 per cent...

[2h

5 per cent.

“

20 per cent.

“

.|Free and 20 n.e.

an 34 cents

3% cents 15 per cent.

6 “ 7. 14

“

15 per cent.

34 cent.

\y cent.

2 p.c. or 10c,

per barrel.

.|10 cents,

14 per cent.

7 Me. per bush. 5 per cent.

214 per cent.

“

lcent per lb,

[34 cent 1 “

1% ae 244 per cent.

5 BO See) eng iy ein lag « |, ,.186 per cent. or 8c.| 74 i 9 “« jew per lb. or 144 ce , cents per lb. 16 2. (1TH +120 we ..../70e. per gallon. .|1734 o -|49c. per gallon. .|8 cents per gal. S3igcents ... ac[B Cents sees cca conta <4. 0; .c/Oey RL cubic ins Cente ee ies lists wares ix ee ath eent Ce RUG eee Eis Gla ee Oh Be Nae ea cent sy 4%“ Be a gee ee aga ee Ss Oven Gee Obs Mei ee sae PAP lee a 1% * and under 21 cu, in. 24. TU Og os te Ig gay ee eee OM ean uw « ye 20 per cent....|80 percent. ....)35 per cent....Jover 83 cu, in./80 percent......)... sa dees eeua se (0 por Cont. 10c. per box * to 80 per cent. “é “ “ “ ne SP tcl t a aaa EA eR a tee ee i] per aaa ee wit per pen: aed i b eeta i per cent. e aes “ ee tie 124 24 «17% +120 o Parerry be) hid {6 . 1244 bid {17 ee 17% ‘f Brews fy) by ma eS Teens 124 v4 + (174 * {20 ff eet he - {6 of Hs + f{lT44 © 1S nd Soe ges nd wee [Sb isl 15 fe ade sy e0 Cee ng Cea ER Gn | ea 15 hed 17% ¥ {20 .. According to ma-|15 hy .|20 p. ec. to 80 |b a |terial 35 per cent. percent...... ve to 45 per cent. 4

February 8, 1911 ue

particularly this Western country will see a period of development probably unheard of in modern history.’

Elevator Company

A. B. Ellis, of the McLaughlin and Ellis Elevator Company:—‘‘It is impos- sible to believe that congress and the senate will pass anything that would interfere with the farming community of the United States, and above all free wheat.”

Winnipeg Board of Trade

F. W. Drewry, president of the Winni- peg Board of Trade:—‘I have not had time nor a chance to go fully into the reciprocity terms. I have always been a thorough protectionist and as long as the principal countries of the world continue this policy, I think Canada must be a protectionist country. The arrangement as far as I can see will hit hardest the railways and milling interests of the country. It will be beneficial in other cases. Wheat for instance, will be a benefit to the farmers of the West. The reduction in the duty on agricultural implements is so slight that I can’t see that it will make much difference to either the farmer or the manufacturer.”

Fruit Dealers R. R. Scott, of McPherson Fruit Com- pany, Winnipeg:—‘‘It will make fruit and vegetables 30 per cent. cheaper for the consumer.”

Vegetable Dealers W. W. Burdett, vegetable dealer, Winnipeg, Man.—‘The treaty is a fine thing for the consumer.”

Vegetable Growers Victor Hagner, president of the Market Gardners’ Association:—‘“It is a death blow to the market gardners. We will certainly send a protest to Ottawa.”

Premier McBride

Hon, Richard McBride, Premier of British Columbia:—‘‘ While I do not wish to turn an alarmist view of the reciprocity arrangements that have been laid before the house at Ottawa,, it is abundantly evident from a perusal of proposals that if adopted they will inflict very serious injury to this prov- ince. * * * * * * The country has been progressing well, times have been pros- perous and the people are contented, and the advantages to be attained by the proposed changes are to my mind mostly in favor of the United States. In Canada the effect will be to disorgan- ize trade conditions, injure our indus- tries and our Canadian lines of traffic for the benefit of the Americans,’’

Premier Roblin

Hon. R. P. Roblin, Premier of Mani- toba:—‘‘The most alarming feature of the proposition to me is the free ex- change of wheat, oats, cattle, hogs, etc. * * * * * * Our growth was such that the parliament of Canada is expending anywhere from 100 to 200. millions of money to further develop international trade and national greatness with an- other transcontinental railway — the Grand Trunk Pacific. I say without fear of successful contradiction that it is money wasted that is the Eastern section if the proposed reciprocity treaty is carried into effect. * * * * Then what about our H. B. Railway? What about the C.N.R. unfinished link be- tween Sudbury and Port Arthur? What about further extensions by Canadian. roads in the West? To this some one may say I talk as though the farm products were all going south. I say that is what J. J. Hill, the milling inter- ests of Duluth and Minneapolis, and last, but not least, President Taft, are making the treaty for. * * * * * I wish also to say that in twenty-four months Winnipeg won’t amount to anything more than Toronto as a grain market. ** * * * Tn a word, with a ratification of the treaty if it can be called such, go all our hopes and aspirations as a greater Canada, fostered and cherished by those great arteries of travel and transportation that have taxed the genius of our best statesmen to pro- vide. * * * * Can we afford to endanger all this? I say NO, emphatically NO. There is also the effect on our relations with the Motherland. I know this is a delicate question, but we should be hon- est with ourselves, and read to the end of the chapter. They say trade follows the flag, but there is an exception to all rules. Let us hope that ours will not be the exception,’’

THE

GRAIN GROWERS’

Pe isIE NSRNCRAA VIE ns sna RAO SRN DP verenynarenmunevnnppevenontunnass tant ahrtamnswona ie wtoemalonere enatsnsnsrmwesienNanea yy esnainr whan ara cn erowaDe rune

CANADIAN TARIFF

Arricie. United States | both United by. United Reduction by - Sear aR Tariff. States and States. Canada. Preferential. Intermediate. General Canada Portable engines with boilers, in|15 per cent..... 1744 per cent... |20 oy .|Steam engines,—|20 per cent... ..|/From 10 per cent combination, with horse powers 80 per cent..... to 25 percent... and traction engines, for farm Gasoline engines purposes —45 p.c. horse powers—45 p.c. Hay loaders: 535.6 sis.cek ke esta ea a 15 per cent..... 2216 per cent,..|25 per cent..... According to |20 per cent..... From 15 per|5 per cent. meaxerial ; per cent. to 25 p.c. ; sc. Potato Giggere 62.5 oi. e tee cee 15 . 2216 - 25 * .|45 per cent. a 20 8 -|25 per cent..... 5 is Fodder or feed cutters......-.-.+. 15 of 22} ff 25 a oe [45 is wee [RO wh pay | cs ade # Grain Croshere oce)s os ethos abba vinnie s 16 " 2214 cd 25 Mt 445 Moe ay ee v4 oo [5 ng! v8 . Fanning mille). pho pee Nien 15 a 2214 ft {25 ef According to|20 m {18 v4. 15 isd material Wood— ne Mi 4 35 percent...... ‘i HAY Fed ders. jiiiids foie gnc aaees 15 2216 25 heboreliig to |20 .|15 to 25 per cent.|5 ft MALEMIAL ee 35 to Farm or field rollers 4: PC ape Tae Mh ea eae HRY ie cube ie Manure spreaders ......4. 5005005 ef 20 a Peace! to |20 i" +116 to 25 p.c... ai. 8. Weetereeic yee edit pated stick 12 bs 17% bid 20 1 na e peng terer eS 20 sf ais iol raaga nad Windmills—and finished parts of the|12 " 17% a 20 « -145 per cent... .|20 a .|25 per cent, foregoing, for repairs, except Se Mist ees cua tins RNCaca Te me GR et ¢ seeping, 4 * utlery, plated or not, viz., pen-|20 27 # 80 3 " " ; ee occkes Late, MB, yaa % 40 to 90 p.c..... 27446 1234 to 6244 p.c.|24 per cent. for household and other purposes and table steels. Bells nye’ ones: brass corners and as , > : tules for printers........-..++ 27 se .. {80 ff i 5 27. ms sae a Basins, urinals and other plumbing|20 i! id oh 185 bat P keoeine ie sah “ : HR ae va fe es of fixtures of earthenware for bath- material Pele rooms and lavatories; baths, 35 to 45 per cent. bath-tubs, sinks and laundry : tubs of earthenware, stone, ce- meat or clay, or of other mater- 1 aR re gee re UH gr me preg Brass band instruments ........... 15 ted 22 Ne {25 ft Ls! a Grindstones of ‘sandsione, pan : % -|45 per cent..... 2244 .122% per cent..|24% mounted, finished or not...... 10 12 “s {15 sf 2 ‘ Building or monumental atone of i ” BLT per ton... /bc:. per. 100 Aba, /78e:, per ton, RUE: EE Hit reestone, granite, sandstone or/10 12 Kf 115 a : Ff beeershod phe arcana bi % .|10c. per cu. ft.{1244 per cent. ..|734 per cent... .|2}4 per cent not dressed, hewn or polished.. Roofing slate, per squares of 100 sq. : feet cece cess cence eee e eens 60 cents........ 70 cents... ...45 75 cents......../20 percent,.....j/65 cents........ Wished paying pleats not ornamen- ‘a x rec yiten uae ney. ysenielace Uber onal a hohner ed or decorated in any manner. |12}4 per cent...|20 per cent..... 2249 per cent... |35 is 174 per cent 1734 per cent...|5 ¥ Paving blocks of stone,........... 15 per cent.....|1734 per cent...|2 o ey te. |3 Saleh Tiocke oatsiies ties cngcadars cisek Pp Pp 0 per cent..... Dressed, 50 p.c.|1734 per cent...|8214 per cent,..|2}4 per cent. ane aes keys, clock cases, and % : clock movements........ ..|/20 per cent..... 27 er cent... |/30 * eaten ite eter el weak Sees ¢ cake per ¢ ie per cent. bd per cent..... iA per cent... ge per cent... ai per cent Peibterd: monden cases and ca Ss ‘ ¥ ee zs oe or holding type............4- 20 2+. |27 a! «. {80 “ 85 “ 2716 “ 1% ‘“ 1214 “ Antiseptic surgical dressing, such as|1244 “ -|17% “ x “ a “ Hors BOS “ absorbent cotton, cotton wool, ing alas vies a idle A lint, lambs wool, tow, jute ‘auzes and oakum, prepared or use as surgical dressings plain or medicated, surgical trusses, pessaries and suspensory Pa pede es of all kinds ve j ¥ - TIBET ADK oe sis oss ee eeaweigs ve 12% eat ff “ “ “ “ Ai Lipps ronnie heh ye Britons at 5 ‘ Jers st r « ‘ a “ pv ae pe “ a aie Mf at 4 “ ate glass, not bevelled, in sheets|15 25 # “ ol 1. ft. BF ee “ or panes exceeding seven sq. ft. i i bskdehit oadloacary ++ |46:26 (pat vent.’ £78 each and not exceeding twenty- é jaye Ea ft. ehnh: er sielenaene § wee i, : xide of Iron as a colour,.........|15 0 ‘ } “ “ Motor vehicles, other than railway|22}4 “ 30 “ 3274 “ Nas 4 BET aaaee us ide UES in” per cent. i Gar cone, and tramway, and automobiles : a f we and parts thereof, not including eee seen hoate Abeer fel es PV _ % sbestos, manufactures of or 0 22 ba! 5 “ i big “ which asbestos is the component * 7 bial al ntecdenea: Coady {824 oF 17% pical24 of chief value. Canoes and small boats of wood, no x “« ij ‘i “ ees Heke DORIS 238 nee a ican as i ; oy per cent... tesa 12% per cent... Hs i icon of gee or steel for the man- és is i +1274 oe bitte acture of wood pulp......... rd {8 « 45 nis “ “ big Grape vines, gooseberry, raspberry p ; Fe did -|824 and currant bushes..........- 12% “ “ .|20 “ 126 “ “ 1% “ 2% « Mineral and aerated waters, in ( i ‘ bottles or jugs...........0+4. {15 Me 17% nd 17% _|Containing n o tli7% eekly « over 1 pint, 20c. per doz.; containing over 1 pint, 3 F not over one Musical instrument cases, fancy quart, 80 ¢ cases or boxes, portfolios, satch- doz.; containing els, reticules, card cases, purses, over one quart, ponkes Roots, fly books for arti- 24c, per gal cial flies all the foregoing com- Equivalent, osed wholly or in chief velue of a 33 }4 per cent. eather. 2... scene aceEas 22% 180 ss J35 .|40, edna 50|s23g * . |7}412 44 and 174/224 Aluminum in crude form.......... Free Bree: ce cnaiag pea Wreb cise gecics Wer par Ib......] 5c. per Ib 2c eth, Aluminum in plates, sheets, bars and : SAMS eae ae ina Aue ares FOOK ioe hea Useeawnes nd Satay Sab alee 4 3 aera Eye rere are tt Her tee: ae oe Sank TRthe soc acon he Aken anaiieing arr arr ccanets SRE On Gntaiay Mine gaat 20c. per M..... 10c. per M. .:..|10c. per M. ... Shingles soca coriseac core uneN nese Met Ganaiea SEAN Nip neat bt sia grate sie cman bbe Sawed boards, planks, deals and i : other lumber, planed or finished on one side per 1000 ft. board ‘ i YL | 1c ROR aici ae a Thy pee botandear ine saunas WR ey Le Late ee et 1.75 per M., ft. ; planed or finished on one side , e aie icaderenilatad Wut chh iasbes and tongued and grooved, or planed or finished on two sides..|17}4 per cent...|2224 per cent.../25 per cent... ..|82.00 bad 75e. $1.25 “ planed or finished on three sides ‘ or planed or finished on two sides and tongued and grooved,|1744 “ - |2244 i 195 “ $2.8744 “ OLR $125 “ per 1000ft. board measure... ; so planed and finished on four ‘ sides; per 1000 ft. board measure|1734 “ 2ese ak Yaa ORIB es eral) Uys eke eee piel ah 1.25“ Tronore ....s.555 teen ey ende sea. Bree eee Cre Bree soi hs Free seeees[lbc, per ton..../10c. per ton.,.. Coal slack or culm, of all kinds, such bc. per ton..... as will pass through a half-inch screen ..... Pree e teense renee 10c. per ton..../12c. per ton -|14e. per ton...,]15e, per ton of (This change is to admit washed A CT UBY Lr RAS ars Pari eaey nerRnayy so PRACT aC aR LY OY slack into the United States at l5c. ; to oe eilcadl, per 100 1b 8 cent 11 cents ement, Portland, per Bos ekia Cents Ls saes COB ci ab 12% cents... ...|8cents......... VD Cente ps eee ie Sars 144 cents. Trees, viz.: Apple cherry, peach,|2 cents......... 236 conte Se B oente ie ue ee $2 per M to 25/2lé cents... specie ces ee es Si ar, plum and uinces, of all per cent,.... inds and small peach trees known as June buds,each.,.... Z Condensed milk, the weight of the|2c per Sr ay Sc. per lb... 2... 3c. perlb,....]%c. perlb......, ROOD OE IO Ae Cease as 1Me. per Ib. package to be included in the weight for du’ . Biscuits without a .|15 per cent...... 2214 per cent..../25 percent...... 20 per cent. 52003120 per cents Sy pena sys Mie ne hs 5 per cent. Fruits in air-tight cans or other air-|1 4c. perlb.....{le.perlb....... 2c. per lb....... @c. perlb....... ROP DEE AD ES OU Cake onc ealeeey. 4c. per lb. tight packages, weight of cans or other packages to be included in weight for ; Peanuts, atelled ee cs cia veered oa ‘ 4th perlb.....|2c. per lb. AAC DAPAD Le ede DOR AME or etaa tema nce Rha weus ne Peanuts, unshelled 134c. per lb... ../2c. perlb. .. .. | ee. per Ib... ....[M4e. perlb.. 2.2.45. Coal, bituminous, round and run of/35c. per ton..../45r. per ton .|45e. per ton (ofl45c. per ton (of]...s.ie.eceses, mine, including bituminous coal 2,240 Ibs.)....] 2.000 Ths.)

such as will not pass through a three-quarter inch screen

GUIDE

Rates

proposed for

now rf Reduction =|‘

Page 12

HE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

Mebruary 8, 1911

Official Minutes of Brandon Convention

The convention opened at 10.30 a.m., January 24, with R. C. Henders, acting- president, in the chair. The first order of business was an address of welcome by John Fleming, Mayor of the city of Brandon, to whom the president made a reply on behalf of the convention.

The president then presented his annual address.

The report of the directors was presented by J. S. Woods.

J. S. Woods—W. J. Fortune—

That the directors’ report be adopted.

Messrs. C, Burdette, of Foxwarren; D. D. McArthur, of Lauder; W. H. Bewell, of Rosser, and J. A. Fortune, of Gilbert Plains, spoke to the motion for adopting the report. The motion carried.

J. 8. Woods—C. Burdette—

That the privileges of the convention be extended to the fraternal delegates from the other associations and to the representatives of the press. Carried. Mr. Batho, of the Nor’ West Farmer, accepted the privileges on behalf of the press, and Mr. Hawkes, representative delegate from Saskatchewan, on behalf of the fraternal delegates.

The president announced that inasmuch as some of the delegates from Saskatchewan ‘and Alberta have not yet reached the city a place would be given them on the program tomorrow afternoon.

The auditors’ report was presented by Mr. Middleton. After some discussion, in which explanations were given on the expenditures in the case of Marples vs. Henry by Secretary McKenzie, W. Cherry, of Birtle, and G. H. Malcolm, of Birtle, and the ex-president, D. W. McCuaig, the motion of adopting the auditors’

report was carried. HOURS OF SESSIONS W. H. Bewell—O. Wright— That the sessions of this convention be from 9.30 to 12 a.m.; from 2 to 6 p-m., and from 8 p.m, to the hour of adjournment. Carried. On motion the convention adjourned for lunch.

TUESDAY AFTERNOON SESSION

The minutes of the morning session were read by the secretary, and on motion of A. J. Fortune and W. H. Dayton, were adopted as read.

The secretary, R. McKenzie, read his annual report, and also a letter from the Free Trade Union of Great Britain congratulating the Grain Growers’ Association on the memorial which they presented to Sir Wilfrid Laurier on the tariff at Brandon last July.

R. MeKenzie—O. Wright—

That the report of the secretary be adopted by the convention.

OTTAWA DELEGATION

Mr. Peter Wright, of Myrtle, presented the report of the Ottawa delegation which waited on the government and presented memorials on the terminal elevators, amendments to the Railway Act, Chilled Meat proposition and a reduction in the customs duties.

D. W. McCuaig, A. J. Fortune, J. M. Brown, Mr. McGregor, T. W. Knowles, J W. MeConnell, O, Wright and R. McKenzie spoke to the report, after which it was adopted on motion of Peter Wright and T. Drayson.

OFFICERS THANKED €. Burdette—E. G. Brooks— That a hearty vote of thanks of this convention be tendered to those who took part in presenting the memorials at Ottawa by the farmers’ delegation.

COAL OIL COMMITTEE

D. Mair, of Hamiota, gave a verbal report on behalf of the committee appointed at last convention to examine into the gasoline and coal oil situation.

F. Simpson—Peter Wright—

That the committee be continued with two more members added. Lost.

Moved in amendment, D. Mair—W. White—

That the committee be discharged and a new committee be appointed to take up the same work.

The amendment carried.

F. Simpson, of Shoal Lake; W. H. Johnston, Chater; J. E. M. Banting, Banting, were appointed a committee to examine into the situation as to coal oil and gasoline.

CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS

P. D. MeArthur reported for the committee appointed at the last convention to suggest amendments to the constitution. He reported that the committee did not have a meeting to take any action and that he had reported to the secretary of the central association some time ‘ago requesting that the executive relieve them and that the executive bring in a report to the convention suggesting amendments to the constituion.

The secretary, R. MeKenzie, for the executive committee, presented a draft report which was discussed clause by clause, ‘and on motion a committee of seven, to be selected by each director appointing one in his own district, were appointed to consider the amendments submitted by the executive and report at Thursday morning’s session.

The following committee was appointed by the directors: Wm. Keefer, Ashville; F. Simpson, Shoal Lake; J. L. Brown, Pilot Mound; H. Umphrey, Miami;

7T. J. MeGill, Carroll. TUESDAY EVENING’S SESSION

The evening session commenced with an address by F. E. Coulter on the principle of the Initiative aid Referendum, illustrating its operation and its work in Oregon and Switzerland, and other places.

At the close of Mr. Coulter’s address, F. J. MeGill moved, and John Kennedy seconded the following resolution:

We the Grain Growers’ Association of Manitoba, in convention assembled, having at the last annual convention endorsed the principle of Direct Legislation, and wishing to see the Initiative, Referendum and Recall in operation as speedily as possible, hereby instruct our executive to join with the representatives of the Direct Legislation League in memorializing the Manitoba government to enact Direct Legislation during this first session. Carried.

Mr. J. F. Dixon then delivered an ‘address on the Single Tax.

A vote of thanks was then tendered the speakers, and the meeting adjourned.

WEDNESDAY MORNING’S SESSION | Minutes of Tuesday afternoon’s meeting read and adopted on motion of O.

Wright. Laveham, and W. H. Johnston, Chater. : Minutes of evening meeting read and adopted on motion of A. Playfair

and A. MeQuay. : HUDSON’S BAY RAILWAY J. 8. Woods—P. D. McArthur— Whereas the Dominion government is committed to the construction of a railway to Hudson’s Bay, and, ; Whereas this is essentially a Western question, principally for the movement

of Western products, and it is to be paid for from the proceeds of Western lands, and is the last remaining outlet free from corporate control,

Therefore, be it resolved that, in the opinion of this convention of Manitoba Grain Growers, it is essential to the best interests of the Western Provinces, that the said road should be built and owned by the government and should be operated by an independent commission for the benefit of the people.

Messrs. Jas. Bower, of Alberta; IT. W. Knowles, of Emerson; Jas. Stewart, of LaRiviere; W. Wilson, of Pilot Mound, spoke to the motion to considerable length, ‘and on being put to the convention it was carried unanimously by a

standing vote. PRESIDENT ELECTED

The president then announced that according to arrangements of the board of directors the election of president. and vice-president for the ensuing year would then take place.

D. W. McConnell, of Hamiota, nominated Mr. R, C. Henders for president. No other nominations being presented, E. W. McConnell, of Hamiota, seconded by W. J. Boughen, of Valley River, moved that nominations for president be closed.

VICE-PRESIDENT ELECTED

On nominations for vice-president being called, O. Wright nominated J. 8. Wood, of Oakville, as vice-president. No other nominations being made, it was moved by C. E. Banting, of Banting, seconded by W. H. Johnston, of Chater, that nominations for vice-president now close.

The president placed J. 8S. Wood’s name before the convention as vice- president and it was carried unanimously.

After some announcements the meeting adjourned.

WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON’S SESSION The minutes of the forenoon session were read and adopted.

NOMINATION OF DIRECTORS

The following nominations for directors were then made:

District No. 1—Peter Wright.

District No. 2—R. M. Wilson.

District No. 3—F, W. Kerr, Souris; D. D. McArthur, Lauder; T. J. MeGill, Carroll; J. G. Moffatt, Souris; Chris. Stinson, Hargrave. Mr. Kerr. expressed his desire to withdraw, and his name was removed from the list of nominations.

District No. 4—C. Burdett, Foxwarren; A. D. McConnell, Hamiota; F. Simpson, Shoal Lake; Wm. Rowes, Blairis, were nominated. Mr. A. D. McConnell withdrew his name from the nominations.

District No. 5—Thos. Zachary, Austin; P. D. McArthur, Longburn; W. H. Bewell, Rosser; Thos. Drayson, Neepawa.

District No. 6—R. J. Avison, Gilbert Plains.

Messrs. Peter Wright, R. M. Wilson and R. J. Avison were declared by. the president as being elected by acclamation, and each addressed the convention, thanking the delegates for the confidence reposed in them.

D. W. McCuaig, chairman of the elevator commission, then addressed the convention and answered questions in reference to the operation of the government system of elevators in Manitoba.

At the conclusion of Mr. McCuaig’s address a motion was passed expressing confidence in the Manitoba Elevator Commission,

Chris. Fahrni—J, E. Thaker—

That the executive be instructed to bring to the notice of the proper authorities the necessity of establishing a union stock yard in the Winnipeg railway yards so that the Western farmers be afforded the same privileges at Winnipeg as are given the Eastern cattle shippers in the Eastern market in the matter of watering and feeding stock, to permit stock being brought to normal conditions before sale. Carried.

The president appointed Peter McDonald, Virden; J. L. Brown, Pilot Mound; J. B. Robson, Dauphin; E. J. Fream, Innisfail; R. M. Cherry, Birtle; C. Robson, Berton, as scrutineers to distribute ballots. Ballots were then taken for the election of directors.

The convention then adjourned.

THURSDAY MORNING SESSION

The minutes of the previous meeting were adopted on motion of M. Taylor, Carroll, and 8. L, Henry, Stockton. :

DIRECTORS ELECTED

The scrutineers appointed to count ballots cast for directors reported C. Burdette, District No. 4; W. H. Bewell, Rosser, District No. 5; D. D. MeArthur, Lauder, District No. 3, duly elected.

E. A. Partridge outlined his scheme for the building of the Hudson’s Bay Railway.

Peter Wright—J. Stewart—

That the Grain Growers of Manitoba, in convention assembled, do hereby tender to the city of Brandon their thanks for and appreciation of the splendid program provided for their entertainment last night and that the same be conveyed to all who took part in that program. Carried.

COAL COMMITTEE Mr. Bastard, of Pierson, read the report of the commission on coal, which was adopted on motion of W. H. Johnston—R. Shaw and was as follows: ‘*Your committee report that the situation in regard to a combination of Continued on Page 24

_ DIRECT LEGISLATION MEETINGS

Have You Heard F. J. DIXON?

F. J, Dixon, of Winnipeg, is now on a speaking tour for the Federation.

No charge for speaker’s services. Advertising matter sent free. The addresses

are instructive, interesting, inspiring. The subject is a live one. If your

local association wants to arrange a meeting, write to the address below for

articulars.. A dollar makes you a member, entitles you to free literature and elps along the cause.

MANITOBA FEDERATION FOR DIRECT LEGISLATION

229 CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE - - .

WINNIPEG

HMebruary 8, 1911 YH

Official Minutes of U. F. A. Convention

GRAIN GROWERS’

GUIDE Page 138

Continued from Last Week

REPORT OF ELEVATOR COMMITTEE

It was moved and seconded, That the report of the elevator committee be now adopted and that the committee be empowered to act on the suggestions contained therein, Carried unanimously.

AGREEMENTS WITH

Moved by the resolution committee: :

Resolved that the executive recommend to the government that a law should

be passed along the lines suggested by the minister of agriculture, that the machine

companies should be compelled to use a simple, uniform style of agreement in

connection with the sale of machinery, and that the government be requested

to prepare an agreement which shall be the only recognized agreement allowed

in this province, and further, that the executive of the U.F.A. be allowed to pass upon this agreement. Carried.

SEED GRAIN ADVANCES

Moved by Pearce, Granum, Wheatland Centre, Carnforth, Sweet Valley, Jumbo and Rising Sun Unions:

Resolved, that on account of the scarcity of seed grain in some parts of the province the executive shall at once take steps to find out how great the demand; what amount is available, and bring the matter to the attention of the provincial government and ask them to devise some means to meet the necessity of settlers in these districts. That consideration be given to the expressed wish of farmers to have the government allow them to purchase grain themselves in order that precautions may be taken to have the grain absolutely free from impurities. Carried.

MACHINE COMPANIES

FRUIT TREES

Moved by Tofield Union:

Whereas, in consideration of the fact that it has been fairly demonstrated that the province of Alberta is more or less adapted to the growing of the hardy varieties of crab apples and small fruits such as currants, gooseberries, raspberries, ete.

And, whereas, at present these fruit trees are sold to the farmers at prohibitive prices on account of having to be shipped from eastern nurseries, and very often fruit trees sent out from the east are not adapted to the country.

Therefore, be it resolved that the government include the growing of fruit trees with its other enterprises at the experimental farms for free distribution and also for sale to settlers at a reasonable price. In this way every farmer in the province in a few years can have an orchard of his own to cultivate and attend to.

It was moved and seconded as ‘an amendment that this resolution be laid on the table.

On the question being put the amendment was carried and the motion was therefore tabled.

HAIL INSURANCE

It was moved and seconded:

Resolved, that we are in favor of compulsory hail insurance on all lands at the rate of 2¢ per acre, to be paid in about the 10th of June, and to take effect about the 20th June, money to be collected by the council of the district, the insurance to comply all the way from $1 to $8 and the government to pay same after the first day of October, the councillor to be appraiser, his expenses to be paid by the government.

It was moved and seconded as an amendment that this resolution be referred back to the resolution committee for reconsideration.

On the question being put the amendment was declared carried and the motion was therefore referred back, :

AGAINST COMPULSORY HAIL INSURANCE The president then ealled for a vote on the subject of compulsory hail insurance, and the result of same was that the convention decided by a large majority that they were not in favor of compulsory hail insurance, and the resolution committee was instructed accordingly. x

CONSOLIDATED SCHOOLS

It was moved and seconded:

Be it resolved that we ask this convention to urge upon the government of Alberta to take immediate steps to adopt a system of consolidated schools for this province as, owing to the fact that new school districts ‘are continually being formed, it would save a large amount of money and be of greater advantage to our children and make this province more attractive to men who have children to educate.

On the question being put this resolution was declared defeated.

HAIL INSURANCE

Moved by the Resolution committee:

That this convention is strongly in favor of the present plan of hail insurance being placed upon a more satisfactory basis by the whole business being turned over to an independent commission which shall have full power to control same in a thorough and business-like manner, and that the whole system, especially insofar as inspection is concerned, shall be taken away from party politics. Further, that the directors be instructed to take up this recommendation with the government,

On the question being put this resolution was declared: carried.

ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE

Moved by Edmonton Union: 2

Resolved, that whereas a grievance exists in the administration of justice in the law courts of the province in the numerous cases in which reserved judgments are recorded—in many cases over a year elapses before judgment is given, working a great hardship on plaintiff and defendant alike; no. interest is allowed on the money tied up; unfair advantage is given to large corporations to bring up paltry references so as to delay judgment; justice cannot be so satisfactorily given after a lapse of time, and the litigants are both running we ne of heavy expenses and delay of a new trial should anything incapacitate

e judge.

‘We, the Edmonton Local Union of the U.F.A., request that at the annual convention a committee be appointed to wait upon the provincial attorney- general to ask him to take such steps as are necessary to remedy this. Oarried.

SETTLEMENT OF RAILWAY CLAIMS |

Moved by Edmonton Union: ; : ‘

That, whereas railway companies and similar corporations, delay payment of claims and even enter into litigation for this purpose to the detriment of the farmers ‘and the public, who suffer loss at their hands both in payments for animals killed on their lines or loss of goods in transit, we would urge that a law be enacted by the Dominion government so that such claims bear interest from the date of claim at the rate of 8 per cent. per annum, even if contested at law, if claim is substantiated. Carried.

+ at their annual conventions, Carried.

BORING DEEP. WELLS

Moved by Blackfoot Union: ee

That the department of public works be requested to provide a bounty to lessen the cost, of boring deep wells, the present cost being prohibitive. —

In speaking to this motion Mr. Stone, of Blackfoot, said: | Our dependence on surface wells and sloughs is limiting our efforts at stock raising, besides providing excellent fever traps for human beings. These same wells and sloughs are also yearly getting more shallow and altogether less to be depended upon. :

It was moved and seconded as an amendment: That this matter be referred _ to the board of directors with power to act.

On the question being put the amendment was declared carried and the matter was therefore referred to the directors.

PARCELS POST Moved by Cowley Union: Resolved that the executive take up the question of a cheap parcels post with the proper authorities. Carried.

ADVERTISING STRAY ANIMALS Moved by the Resolution committee: Resolved that local unions shall report monthly to the general secretary any stray animals in their locality and the general secretary shall issue a supplement to his monthly report, giving a list of the estrays. Carried.

ADJOURNMENT Moved by Mr. Campbell and seconded by Mr. Henderson, that we do now adjourn till one-thirty o’elock. Carried.

THURSDAY AFTERNOON

The convention was called to order by President Bower at two o’clock, and the business taken up was that of resolutions.

RE PRE-EMPTION

Moved by Rawdonville Union:

Whereas, Hansard, dated 13th April, 1910, page 7091, setting forth questions by Mr. Magrath, M.P. for Medicine Hat, as to whether Section 31, T. 30, R. 24,» W. 4th mer., was:

(1) Applied for as pre-emption.

(2) Available or not for pre-emption. ;

(8). What opportunity was given the rightful owner to obtain said land, and,

Whereas, the replies of Mr. Oliver, Minister of Interior, stating:

(1) That said land was applied for,

(2) That it was marked ‘‘Disposed of in error.’?

(3) That notices were posted in Calgary and Sub Office for 10 days by instruction of the government, and,

Whereas, these farmers, Mr. Haley, Mr. Orr and Mr. Laven, have forfeited their rightful possessions by an error on the part of the government. :

Therefore be it resolved that the executive take up this matter and endeavor to reinstate said farmers to their lawful rights.

It was moved and seconded as an amendment that this resolution be referred to the executive committee with instructions to make a thorough investigation.

On the question being put the amendment was declared carried and the resolution was therefore referred to the executive.

MACHINE AGENTS

It was moved and seconded:

Resolved, that machine agents be required to keep repairs on hand for each part of each machine that has been or is being sold by the company they represent.

. That on failure to supply immediately each part required, they be compelled to pay the farmer a reasonable compensation for loss sustained. :

It was moved and seconded as an amendment, that this resolution be laid on the table.

On the question being put the amendment was declared carried and the motion was therefore tabled.

CONSUMERS’

Moved by Millet Union:

Resolved, that the U.F.A. encourage through the various Unions the forming in cities and towns of ‘‘Consumers’ Leagues,’’? who will purchase their necessary supplies, so far as is possible, through the Unions of the U.F.A. direct, thus eliminating middlemen’s profits and increasing prices to farmers and reducing prices to consumers. Carried.

RE COMMISSION HOUSE Moved by Millet Union: : Resolved, that the president of the U.F.A. appoint a committee to act with Mr. Crerar, president of the Grain Growers’ Grain Co., to consider the question of a Farmers’ Commission House in connection with co-operative stores. Carried.

APPOINTING LEGAL AGENTS

Moved by Cowley Union:

Resolved, that the U.F.A. appoint a legal adviser to act in all cases of dispute or claim for compensation made by members against public companies in cases of loss or claims for damages, and that an annual contribution of be made by each member to establish a fund to be called the U.F.A. legal expenses fund.

It was moved and seconded as an amendment, that this resolution be laid. on the table. ‘

On the question being put the amendment was declared carried and the resolution was therefore tabled.

HUDSON’S BAY RAILWAY Moved by Tofield Union:

LEAGUES

Resolved, that we endorse government ownership of Hudson’s Bay Railway ~~

and the operation thereof, and that every farmer throughout the Prairie Provinces send a personal letter to his member at Ottawa stating explicitly his views on the subject of the Hudson’s Bay Railroad and government ownership

_ and operation; and further, that a copy of this resolution be laid before the

delegates of the Saskatchewan Grain Growers and the Manitoba Grain Growers m a

: “DEVELOPING GOVERNMENT LANDS » Moved by Rawdonville Union: pf

‘*Whereas, the wise homestead laws requiring settlers to develop their land

is rapidly placing Alberta at the front of the small grain growing countries of the world; and

‘Whereas, these settlers, by their work, energy and self-sacrifice are giving Continued on Page 82

Page 14

THE GRAIN GROWERS’

a problem or offer suggestions.

possible, necessarily for publication. those of The Guide.

EVILS OF PROTECTION Editor, Guipz:—Having been an inter- ested reader of this reciprocity discussion for the last few months I will attempt to give you my view of it in as clear a manner as my limited article writing

will permit. Before the Grain Growers started their agitation at the time of Sir Wilfrid’s visit to the West last summer, I had never attempted to unravel the mysteries of the tariff. These protests aroused me to investigate, to find out if a wrong was really being done to the farmer. Well, I have investigated and as far as I have gone it is very real (this wrong) very real indeed, not alone to the farmer but to every consumer in the Dominion of Canada. Why have we as a people stood it so long? Or were the majority as ignorant of the facts as I was? If protection did no other harm but to make men and women dishonest that alone would be a strong argument against it. I know and have known plenty of honest, upright, church-going men and women classed with the best element of the community, who will entertain you all evening telling how they fooled the customs officer on the line. The spirit of the. lumber-jack coming back from the States dominates the whole population. Bill has been on a trip to the States and seeing that tobacco was very cheap there he bought a year’s supply. When he started for home he ut it in the centre of his “turkey”, boarded a north-bound train and was soon on his way to the forests of his native land. As the train came to a halt at the line the customs officers came on and began their inspection. When they reached Bill he was half-sitting, half- lying sprawled out on the seat with a three weeks growth of beard on_ his weather-beaten face, his heavy woollen shirt open at the throat and generally looking as though he might have more company on his person than would be pleasant. “Is that your “turkey?” asked the officer pointing to a dirty grain bag reposing on the top bunk. “Vow,” said Bill, “Jest untie it and it will crawl out itself.” But the officer evidently felt more comfortable with it tied up as he hurried on and did not search it. Why, if people believe in protection do they take such_ keen leasure in evading its laws? Sir George oss says that if we had free trade with the United States that our superior

ade of wheat would be shipped in to t. §. markets and used to bolster up their inferior article to the injury of our rades. How is it that Canadian farmers iving close to Dakota line steal as much wheat as possible over to the elevators on the American side, and ship it with their inferior article? Because they get from 8 to 10 cents more per bushel by doing it. Last spring when flax had gone toahigh price I heard two farmers talking on the street. One said, ‘‘they are paying $1.77 at the elevator to-day.” The other said, “I just received a letter from Minot, N.D., and they are paying $2.25 there.” We would not object to our grain being called inferior, Sir George, if we could get from eight cents to forty-eight cents per bushel more than No. 1 Hard. Of course there would be some difference in the freight rates to Minot, N.D., and Alyesbury but there still must be a spread of 40 cents per bushel. We have been taught from childhood that Canada is rich in natural products or raw mater- ials, We have felt proud of our country for being such. Why then cannot the Canadian Manufacturers’ Association compete against all comers without having what few things they do have to import put on the free list or else getting

NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS

This department of The Guide is maintained especially for the purpose of providing a discussion ground for the readers where they may freely exchange views and derive from each other the benefits of experience and helpful suggestions. Bach correspondent should remember that there are hundreds who wish to discuss We cannot publish all the immense number of letters received, and ask that each correspondent will keep his letter as short as Every letter must be signed by the name of the writer, The views of our correspondents are not of necessity The aim is to make this department of great value to readers, and no letters not of public interest will be published.

though not

a rebate of 99 per cent.? If this was a rock-ribbed barren land I could under- stand it. As it is it can only be the greed of the men engaged in the business which makes it needful. With most of their raw material at their back-door (as it were) a free list of what they do vegies to import and then a great tariff wall against the manufactured article, so that they may charge the consumer hold-up prices; is it any wonder that a storm of protest and indignation is beginning to sweep the country from ocean to ocean?

I wish to take exception to some re- marks made by Mr. Wm. MacNeill at the annual convention of the Manufacturers’ convention in Vancouver. Evidently Mr. MacNeill is a patriotic man; he is proud of the country and the empire to which he belongs. I can understand all that. He has been well paid for his patriotism in the past and expects to be even better paid in the future. Every member of the Canadian Manufacturers’ Associa-

GUIDE

says why should the farmers object? They can grow fifty per cent. more bushels to the acre than is grown by the Americans. Yes, that is the beauty of the whole affair (for Mr. MacNeill and his friends) the land has done so excep- tionally well that the farmers have been able to pay their toll to King Manufac- turer, and somtimes, not always, have a few dollars left. But will it always do it? Year after year the farmers throw in all the crop they can on land that needed a rest two or three years previous in the vain attempt to steal a few dollars from the powers that be. It is a vain hope encouraged by the optimism in human nature,and year by year the fifty per cent. lead we have on the Americans must decrease. Is there not danger Mr. MacNeill of killing the goose that lays the golden egg? If the manufacturers really have to lean so heavily on the consumer would we not be better without them? Why, take the profits of some part of the nation to keep up the rest? If a business man finds that one line of his business is eating up the profits of the other he cuts out the un- profitable line (if he is a good business man). Why not treat a country as a business. The voice that came from the crowd assembled to hear Sir Wilfrid speak at Moose Jaw last summer expressed the true sentiment of the farmers of Canada, when it said, ‘‘We want free trade.” Throw open the ports of our country to all who come. Let competi- tion bring down prices. Raise the revenue by direct taxation. But let us follow the example of Vancouver and tax only the land. If any man is enterprising enough to build on and improve his land he should not be taxed for his thrift. Let every land-owner, be he farmer, railroad magnate or manufacturer, pay taxes according to the true value of the land he owns at a rate necessary to carry on the country’s liabilities and let there be no exemption from taxation. The working man and all who do not own land will then pay taxes indirectly, because rents

Barn of G. W. Irwin, Saltcoats

tion can well afford to take off their hats and give three cheers for the British Empire and three times three for the Canadian government which made all things good for them. But what about the great crowd of common people who have been paying with many days of toil for the other fellow’s patriotism. They must indeed be true to the country and empire if they too take up the cry. Yet if the country were forced into war to-morrow these are the men who would spring to her defence while — well I suppose the members of the Canadian Manufacturers’ association would. still be talking patriotism. It is not always those who are loudest in their loyalty that are there when it comes to the showdown. Mr. MacNeill points to the great amount of capital that the manufac- turing has brought into the country, $600,000,000 from England, $225,000,~- 000 from the U.S. That was to be ex- pected. Capital always looks for a good investment. What better could they find than the protected industries of Canada. We have one of the greatest agricultural countries in the world but it has not drawn such immense sums of capital simply because it did not appeal to the investing public so strongly. They ut their money where the profits of the and really went. The International Harvester Co., of America came to Canada, built a great factory, equipped it and put it in operation and then called to the Canadian people, “see we are British too.” Hearing of this great graft over the tariff wall they climbed over and joined in this patriotic cry. It paid so well they could afford to sacrifice allegiance to the good old U. S. A. Mr. MacNeill

will be adjusted to the new mode of taxation. Best of all under this system the land speculator will very soon go out of business because he cannot long hold land that is not producing something. All wealth springs from the land. Let it likewise be the source of all taxes.

C. ROY UPSHALL, Foxsbury, Sask.

Note.—The frank statement of Mr. Upshall indicates clearly how protection has thrived so long. Every farmer and consumer who devotes attention to the tariff. will see how grievous a burden it places upon the people.—Ed.

REPLY TO MR. RUSSELL

Editor, Guipe:—I hope you will find me a small space in your valuable paper to make a few remarks on the speech of Mr. T. A. Russell given before the Toronto Canadian club on Dec, 28th last. In the first place let me state that the speech as I read it is a very thinly-veiled attempt to cause a rupture between the organized farmers of the three Prairie Provinces, and those of the older settlements east of the Great Lakes. His first statement re the G. G. G. Co., on being analyzed simply means that the farmers have during a short five years by their own efforts, saved over a million dollars going into the coffers of the elevator combine. Now all that large amount of money saved on the price of grain as paid to the farmer. The saving perhaps ‘amounted to as much as 10 cents per bushel, or about 7 per cent. of the selling price. Now the point I wish to make is this. That if in one commodity (grain) in five years the farmers are able to save $1,000,000 that

February 8, 1911

used to go into the combine, how much more in the next five years will they be able to save by doing away with the average 2219 per cent. tariff on every- thing they use. About ‘‘ Western ex- aggeration,”’ I think Mr. Russell is giving us a sample of his own accomplishment in that direction when he speaks of a policy which has been developed “through generations.”” It is hardly a generation ago that Canada became confederated into one great Dominion, and I do not, therefore,think it is reasonable to suppose that the Dominion tariff is older than the Dominion itself, and as to being acquainted with Canadian history, I think that perhaps the average farmer knows just as much about it as Mr. Russell. Now I notice Mr. Russell in naming many countries from which immigrants have come into Canada mentions Great Britain. I have the honor to be English myself and consequently perhaps have a great ad- vantage over Mr. Russell in that I spent 19 years of the life in the one country in the world to-day that stands a living monument to prosperity under free trade, as far as the price of living to the masses is concerned. And twice within the last thirteen months have the inhab- itants of Great Britain refused to go back on the policy which brought on the bread riots early in Queen Victoria’s reign. Those people have tried pro- tection and found it wanting, the only people who are advocating it over there are the same people who advocate it here—the manufacturers. Mr. Russell must remember that the delegation who went to Ottawa were sent there by their various associations at great expense to lay their case before the government. After they had done that they had neither time nor money to travel further over Ontario and Quebec at the tail of the manufacturers. They had no high- paid manager at home to do the work of the farm. In many cases no doubt the women folks were doing a man’s work in the cold so that their husbands and brothers might go to Ottawa and state their grievances. Perhaps the foregoing will explain to Mr. Russell’s satisfaction the reason why the’ farmers did not show the ‘“‘right spirit.”” Mr. Russell need not “boom” the Eastern crops in an attempt to belittle those of the West as if the Western farmers were not one. He will find they are one actually and politi- cally and as one solid body will to- morrow demand the rights they were yesterday asking for. Again Mr. Russell intimates that the East does not want the Hudson’s Bay railway. I am afraid his idea of the East is limited to the Manu- facturers’ Association. Why he does not want it is apparent to anybody—it will lessen the freight on imports from Great Britain and other European countries, and I really fail to see why the Georgian Bay canal is more Canadian than the Hudson’s Bay Railway. I allow Mr. Russell to know more of his business than I do (although he won’t allow me the same | privilege) his business is figures relating to the tariff. All I can say is that if through altering the tariff with the U. S. I can buy an article for $100 that now costs me $125 or $130 then alter the tariff by all means and alter it quickly, and when I say this I think I am voicing the sentiments of 90 per cent. of the farmers of the East and West. Mr. Russell is not telling us anything about our business that we do not already know, when he tells us to go in for mixed farming. ,Now, I think I am right in saying that the chief reason for live stock not being raised more in the West than it is, is simply because there is not a proper market for it, neither are the facilities for handling live-stock supplied by the railroads good enough to warrant the Western farmer going into stock on large scale and until these things are altered Mr. Russell will still have to bemoan the fact that we farmers do not understand our business.

WILLIAM LILWALL, Colonsay, Sask.

STRANGE PROTECTION ARGUMENTS

Editor Guide:—In your issue of Jan. 4th I notice an article by Mr. I’. G. Casey,

‘which has a strong flavor of protection

about it. I believe Mr. Casey is honest in his convictions but I can. scarcely agree with him on the argument he ad- vances. In the first place he argues that cotton goods can be manufactured cheaper in England and European countries than in Canada, and favors protecting the Canadian manufacturers by a duty equal to the difference, which he places at 25 per cent. Mr. Casey contends that the Canadian manufacturers cannot take

Kebruary 8, 1914

any advantage to increase their own gains on account of this tariff but that it goes into the pockets of the working man. I am not going to take up space to argue this point but I think Mr. Casey might find some of his figuring up a little faulty if he had time to consider it. He endeav- ors to strengthen his arguments by stating that ‘‘Protection is good when it protects the working man’s wages but beyond this it should. not go.” I thoroughly agree that any tariff regulations that protect the working man’s wages are justifiable, but how does this matter work out? It is evident from Mr. Casey’s argument that cotton manufacturing in Canada could not be carried on without this 25 per cent. protection, therefore in order to encourage home industry and to enable a certain number of laborers to get work in that particular kind of employment he would recommend that all the people of Canada should pay 25 per cent. extra on all cotton goods they buy. This would be 75 per cent. for cotton and 25 per cent. for loyalty. Good in its way perhaps, but wherein is the reason of it? We import more cotton goods than we manufacture in Canada and it is plain that the duty on this does not go into. the working man’s pocket but into the government treasury; but notice this, cotton is an article used mainly by the poorer classes, who by this method are forced to pay the wages of the cotton factory employees, and secondly, -to make up revenue, thus piling all the burden on the poorer people or working men. Is it not a recognized fact that capital should be invested in such enter- prises only as are naturally advantageous? Mr. Casey says that many farmers make 50 per cent. on, capital invested, so would it not be wise to re-invest the capital now invested in cotton mills in Canada in agriculture or in developing some of Canada’s natural resources that are lying idle for want of capital to develop them and which would return larger and more . legitimate profits than many of the indus- tries which now claim so much attention. This would be adding true wealth to the nation. It would furnish more work and better wages for the workman, and last but not least let us buy our cotton goods in an open market where it can be produced most cheaply and we be not forced to pay this unjust duty of 25 per cent. Suppose someone should take a notion to try growing oranges in Manitoba and should ask for a protection of fifty cents an orange he would thereby be enabled to build glass houses and compete with foreign dealers. This would be another home. industry. Similarly with tea and other articles we use, but the idea is absurd. We save money by buying these articles in countries which are naturally suited to their pro- duction, now the same argument appliés to all industries. This old earth was so made that certain parts are adapted to certain kinds of pursuits whether it be manufacturing or otherwise, and for man to endeavor to re-arrange old mother earth’s natural make-up by the intro- duction of modern ideas of improvement, and as it were, try growing oranges in Manitoba, is evidently a battle against nature and must consequently end in failure, which failure is shown in the fact that industries so located as not to be naturally advantageous cannot live with- out protection, and as shown the working man pays the protection. Now, I fail to see how protection protects the man who pays it. Mr. Casey says that “higher wages and a higher standard of living than prevails in European countries depends on our protecting our manufacturers accordingly.”” To my mind enhanced prices in any direction are delusive. A man gets $1 a day and pays a certain price for his necessaries. e comes out even at the end of the year. The next year he gets $2 a day but has to pay double the price for his goods. Well, at the end of the second year he is in the same place he was at the end of the first year, so big wages with proportionately costly living was no gdin to him. Supposing we apply the same reasoning to other pursuits, say farming, if everything is high priced as at present, how does it work out? In the first place the farmer has an extra amount of responsibility which in itself is a burden, then he has to over crop his fand and resort to every possible means of getting money out of his possessions in order to meet the flood of expenses. Then should the country get a set back as was the case in parts of the West this year through crop failures, how much more would the farmer feel it than he would have felt it had he been travelling the humble but surer road to success. The lower and ‘prevailing prices all round so long as balanced, the more stable will

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

Our Stocks Are Limited

Won 4 out of 5 | Prizes at

A POSTCARD WILL BRING OUR CATALOG

Has Given Best Results in 8 Years Test

- WESTERN CANADA’S GREATEST SEED HOUSE|

200 PRIZES GIVEN AWAY. SEE CATALOG, Page 5 _ O. A. C. No. 21 rowep BARLEY |

SURPASSES [ALL OTHER TYPES The flattering successes that have followed the introduction of O.A.C. No, Canadian West have amply demonstrated its excep- tional merits. {in comparative tests covering a period of three

years it

of straw.

freedom from rust,

Kernels in appearance and size resemble Mensury.

1 bushel or under 5 bushels .... $2,30 $2.50 5 af SAMMONS eo50 ebay ate suey 2.25 2.45 SEN ay aly lasalne hte SSS oa a 2.20. 2.40

Page 15

ce)

Barley throughout the

hus excelled all other types in yield, and in length and strength

Brandon Calgary

McKENZIE’S EARLY RIPENING GARDEN SEEDS POSTPAID PRICES — Pkt. oz. Ib. BEET ....

LaA LSSWMOSGNVH FHL SOTVLVO Ti6t An

..Early Blood apeue 05 .10 1,00 BEAN ....3.. Golden Wax Imp’d .05 .. .25 CELERY ,...White Plume..... .05 .25 CABBAGE ..Winningstadt..... 05 .20... CARROT ...Oxheart ...,,.... .05 .10 1,00 ORN’....... Squaw... eet 3 CUCUMBER Long Green -15 1.50 LETTUCE... Grand Rapid SY ees ONION ..... Yellow Globe .. 05 .20 1.76 PEA)... 3. ss, Stratagem: les cs OB erik RADISH ....French Breakfast . .05 .10 .80

A. E. McKENZIE CO. LTD.

BRANDON, Man. CALGARY, Alta.

business be and the easier it will be for the man who may have small means

to get a start. ; ANDREW RUSSELL, Rocky Coulee, Alta.

INDEPENDENT VIEWS

Editor Guide:—After five years resi- dence in Canada and sick of the party organs and. their misrepresentation of facts I decided to subscribe to your paper, believing it to be a perfectly independent paper. Judge my surprise on opening the first copy to find an almost fulsome panegyric on that remarkable collection of political atoms that march under a banner bearing the legend ‘Liberal’ in the old country. Taking into. considera- tion the very large number of old country- men who take your paper and are working for the ends The Guide professes to have in view, do. you think your attitude in- dependent of bias to print such a one-sided article regarding a party with which many of your readers must disagree. In all justice to your independent stand you might show some of the other side of the question, For instance, as regards free trade of the liberal party in England you or your correspondent should point out that it is not the free trade that is understood and advocated for by the Western farmer and his organization; it is merely a system of free imports— a very different thing. Under such a system in Canada the farmers in the West might—or might not—get his implements cheaper, that would depend on the com- bines, but he would certainly not have any more advantage in the markets of the United States than he has today. How a system of free trade imports would effect our pure-bred stcck breeders is hard to say. Your correspondent infers that if the lords had not thrown out the plural voting bill that the Asquith government would have had a much larger majority. Now that is a subject that has two sides also. The liberals complain about one man having more but surely it is possible that some of the plural voters are liberals. it is, I think, generally conceded that the principle isnot good and on this point the Unionists were willing to meet the Asquith government, but they said if you give one man a vote, we must insist that one vote,shall have one value. Of course that was something that the so-called liberals could nor entertain at all, for why? Because where in some parts of Ireland and Wales and Scotland 5,000 or less voters return a member for the government. Some of the Unionist mem- bers of Southern England represent as many as 50,000 voters, so you see there is something to be said for the other side. From the foregoing you may come to the conclusion that I am a high-bound

olitician from the old country. You will be wrong—the truth is I left England at the age of 14 in the year 1892, and have not lived there since. I am only writing this because I hate a one-sided argument. There are always two sides to a question, Your correspondent says that our liberal

However, .

party out here is not like the one in England. He is quite right. It is bad enough, I own, but it has not yet descended to the depths of the one in England. In conclusion I may say that I was very pleased to note that none of the big manu- facturing concerns use your paper as an advertising medium; “‘A straw will show, etc.” As Ido not aim at cheap notoriety in the district I will sign myself.

: FAIRPLAY. Islay, Alta.

[Note——We have no objections to this gentleman having his own opinions. If he considers his opinions -of sufficient importance he should allow his name to be published. Publicity is the greatest factor in remedying present evils.—Ed.

SOME HARD FACTS

Editor Guide:—I do not suppose there can be any reader of your paper who has now any doubts regarding the tariff or reciprocity with the States. However, if there is, allow me to submit the following few words. Having lived the greater part of my life in the States I know the arguments of the politicians working for the special interests was, ‘‘ Vote for protection and we will give you protec- tion on your. products (talking to the farmer), 25 cents on wheat and potatoes, etc.” Now it is a well-known fact that that in all these products there was a surplus for export and no one ever dreamt of importing, and so what good was protection to the farmers? The last few years there has been a change, however, and this protection is a benefit to the American farmers. But now watch and see how long they will enjoy it? No doubt, most of your readers saw an article in the Canadian press taken from the Northwestern Miller, the official organ of the Minneapolis Millers’ Association. It says that the people are crying for cheaper bread and this tariff must be taken off, etc. The fact is the big mills in Minneapolis want our wheat and the

‘transportation companies over there want

to haul it, and so you see they soon get a new argument to hand to the farmers.

Some time in October I was over in Graf- ton, N. D. Wheat in the elevators brought in to Morris, Man., on that day was 86 cents for No. 1 Northern, and Ogilvie’s Royal Household Flour sold in the stores at $3.15 per sack. No. 1 Northern at Grafton, N. D. sold at $1.03. Washburn, Crosby & Company’s “Gold Medal”’ flour shipped from Minneapolis, $15 miles, was sold in the stores in Grafton for $2.80 per sack. Now the wheat that brought $1.08 at Grafton, I venture to say would not have brought over 75 cents in Morris on account of the quality, and the flour was 35 cents per sack cheap- er. Grafton is only three hours’ run from Morris in the same kind of country. In the Red River Valley. south of the line, a half section of land is worth around $21,000, here it would be hard to sell a half section of land for a half that price, and what I have outlined above explained the reason why. import a gusoline engine, 4 h.p., which I sell here for $150. I have lists from the Canadian manu- facturers. Their list prices on the same rated engine is $250. After paying duty and freight about one-third the price of the engine. I make slightly more on an imported one at $150 than I would at $250 on the other. For one engine and $19 at the Canadian factory I can buy three engines at the same rated power -at the American factory. I get. certified invoices showing both home and. export prices which shows that I buy eight and one-third cents cheaper than an American agent which shows that these people do sell cheaper abroad than at home, even if the Hon. Melvin-Jones does not do that kind of business. Now, Mr. Editor, I wish to say to your readers that the facts I have here set forth are things I learned from my own personal knowledge and not something that somebody told me. We have a few party men in our association at Morris, but I think we are getting better and the time will surely come when the waving of the flag will have little effect during election time. We are getting more and more like the fellow from Missouri, you’!l have to show us.

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Page 16

LOBSTER FISHERIES ~ Fish Dealers of Portland, Maine: — ‘‘Reciprocity with Canada means that more Canadian fish will be shipped here and that more fish will be shipped from here to Canada, The lobster business in Portland will be greatly benefitted.’’

LUMBERMEN Senator Edwards, Lumberman, Ottawa:

—‘‘There should be no two opinions concerning the removal of the duty on rough sawn lumber, All Canada must recognize the step as one that will benefit the whole country. I think that all lumbermen from the Atlanic to the Pacific ought to be exceedingly pleased. Of course the benefits depend on the locality of production in Canada and the points to which the shipments are made to the U.S.’’

OTTAWA LUMBERMAN

J. R. Booth, Ottawa:—‘‘The removal of the duty on rough-sawn lumber will stimulate the trade. It will not result in the Canadian lumbermen selling more lumber. The restriction removed is so small that it is hardly worth taking into consideration. As to the govern- ment attitude on the pulp wood ques- tion, I think steps should be taken to prevent the sale of pulp wood by pri- vate individuals. Why, about 85 per cent. of pulp wood purchased by Ameri- cans comes from private lands, and only 10 per cent. of crown lands.

MANUFACTURERS

Albert Mathews, of the George Mathews Co.:—‘‘ We would rather have our money in the savings bank than in our plants now. It will lose us all our Western trade, and I do not see how any trade we can get from the United States will at all make up for it. Under the new agreement all surplus stock in Canada will be manufactured in the United States by the big packing plants in Chicago and Buffalo. There is not a doubt that it will lose us our Western trade, and that is a very big item indeed.’’

" MINNESOTA SENATOR

State Senator Sullivan, Minnesota :— “The whole thing is the result of the agitation against the tariff measure. I am here representing a community of interests and I am against it. They talk about the “interests” in the East protest- ing against governmental acts. I think it is time for Minnesota to rise up and _ protest for her own interests.”

HELPS MINNESOTA

Senator Pugh, of Duluth, favors the treaty. He believes the removal of the duty on wheat will work to the in- terests of Minnesota and not injure the agricultural communities. | “We get wheat in bond from Canada _ now,” he said. ‘‘If it is admitted free it will bring more business to the milling industries of the state, and our milling industries are known as the greatest in the world.”

OGILVIE’S MANAGER

F,. W. Thompson, manager of Ogilvie’s Mills:—‘‘ While I have not had time to digest the many changes which have been proposed in this agreement, I may say that in so far as the milling industry of Canada is concerned, it is very evident that our government have endeavored to establish a basis which would afford the least possible inconvenience or disturbance of these vast interests. As is well known the United States millers have been importing and grinding our Western wheat, obtaining the drawback on the export shipment of its product of 99 per - cent. This drawback arrangement in so far as the export trade is concerned is - practically the same as if they had had free wheat on general principles and consequently my personal opinion is that

present proposed agreement will never he ratified in Washington.”

WINNIPEG GRAIN DEALER

Hugh N. Baird, ex-president of the Winnipeg Grain Exchange:—‘I do not see how the government could agree to

this as the i of Canada have been spending millions of dollars deepening their a doegeig do and improving harbor con- ditions for the sole purpose of makin, preparations to facilitate the handling o

SE SSS ES A

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE

“the staple product of the country, which

is wheat, and by opening up the American market we will be building up the Ameri- can roads and seaports at the expense of our resources. of the volume of grain in the Canadian West would be changed from Canadian to the American hands it is doubtful whether Winnipeg as a trading centre will be much effceted.”’

. WILLIAM WHYTE

William Whyte, vice-president of the Cc. P. R.:—‘If the proposed measure should become law there will be a loss to the railway company, since it will lose the long haul. There will also be a loss to the city of Montreal and there will be a loss and a serious loss to the owners of Cana- dian vessels. The loss to the C.P.R. will however be much less serious than the losses to the Canadian Northern and the Grand Trunk Pacific. On the whole I do not think that the proposed tariff is a

bad thing for the country. The removal |

of the American duty on Canadian wheat had to come. The worst that can be said of it is that it is premature.: Iam specially pleased that there has been no disturbance of the position of the manufacturers of Canada. The Canadians would not be content to remain hewers of wood and drawers of water for the United States.”’

REAL ESTATE DEALER

William Pearson, of the Wm. Pearson Land. Company:—‘‘The advantage to Western Canada as a whole will be some- what offset by the possible loss to the country of large milling industries which would be naturally expected to grow up here. Certainly a great stimulus would be given to the milling industry at Minneapolis and I should think a corres- ponding depressing effect on that industry

While the ownership:

benefits. Ought we to. decline? The last word of President McKinley was ‘acceptance’. I am proud™as a son of Ohio to bring forward for @pproval and effective action a» measure ‘¢arrying out the policy which he proclaimed, and made his own at the acme. of Pisgreat career.”

NEW YORK FAVORABLE

The New York representatives in the American House have declaredunanimous- ly in favor’of passing the bill incorporating the agreement.

a MILLING COMPANY .

D. R. Ker, of the milling and grain firm of Brackman & Co., Alberta and British Columbia: — “On the whole I am inclined to think that the new arrangement will work to the interests. of Canada.”

J. J. CARRICK, M.P. J. J. Carrick, M.P.P., for Port Arthur :—

“We have spent fifteen millions in eleva- tors and it will be a straight loss.”

_LUMBERMEN OPPOSE The Mountain (B. C.) Lumber Manu-

- facturers’ association passed a resolution

condemning: the reciprocity agreement.

WINNIPEG ABATTOIRS

J. T. Gordon, of Gordon, Ironside & Fares, Winnipeg:—‘‘It will very seriously hurt the Canadian railroads, and effect the export industry, for Western Canada cattle will be sent to' Chicago in great quantities that would otherwise be sent to Great Britain. It will not effect our business any for we are having higher prices here than are paid in. Chicago,

THE SIEGE OF OTTAWA

This is the book that everybody has been waiting for.

It is a complete

story of the great delegation of eight hundred Canadian farmers who marched into the House of Commons, Ottawa, on December 16th last, and informed the Dominion government and the members of parliament what they wanted. This booklet tells how the great movement originated and how it was carried out.

It is the most interesting chapter in the annals of Canadian history. from Nova Scotia to Alberta took part in the great demonstration.

Farmers Every

farmer in Canada who believes in the rule of the people should have a copy of this book. The contents include the farmers’ platform laid down at Ottawa; an interesting narrative of the trip made by the farmers to Ottawa; the traiff speeches made by delegates at the great convention in the Grand Opera House, Ottawa, , on December 15th, and all copies of the memorials presented to the government

on December 16th.

In addition the book contains sketches of the farmers’

organizations in Ontario and the three Prairie Provinces, as well as the consti- tution of the Canadian Council of Agriculture, and the names of the officers.

The book contains 72 pages.

These books are kept in stock in The Guide office

and will be sent by return mail, postpaid for 25 cents each or five copies for $1.00.

here. Ina word it seems to me that what the Dominion government had in mind was to do something that would put a little more money in the pockets of our farmers without interfering a great deal with their tariff for revenue by imposing disabilities upon manufacturers.”

GLOUCESTER FISHERMEN Secretary Freeman, representing the Gloucester, Mass., fishermen:—‘ The re- moval of the duty would mean a death blow to Gloucester.”’

U. S. SENATOR STONE Senator Stone, Missouri, has announced his unqualified support of the reciprocity agreement.

U. S. SENATOR BEVERIDGE

Senator Beveridge, Indiana :—‘‘I heart- ily favor the policy of Canadian recipro- city. Now that this proposed reciprocal tariff agreement brings the policy of Cana- dian reciprocity within sight every adyo- cate of that policy should labor and fight for it harder than ever before.”

PRESIDENT TAFT

President Taft:—‘‘We shall find a rapidly increasing market for our numer- ous products among the people of our neighbor. We shall deepen and widen the sources of our food supply in territory close at hand. Our kinship, our common sympathies, our similar moral and social ideas furnish the strongest reason for supporting tnis agreement. Canada ex- tends the brotherly hand of friendship and proposes closer relations with mutual

THE GRAIN GROWERS’ GUIDE BOOK DEPARTMENT.

The long haul to Chicago would amount to a considerable figure.’ Prices ' here

‘will be controlled by prices in Chicago.

The Chicago packers will take Canadian cattle and finish them ‘on corn. There has been a cattle shortage across the line for the past four yeats, and they are open to take all the live stock they can get. It will simply kill the hog industry of Canada if the United States packers are allowed to ship their surplus products in here. They will make this a dumping ground if the’ duty is taken off dressed hogs, bacon, etc., and the Canadian farmer will not be able to compete against these imports.’’

WINNIPEG ABATTOIRS

B. H. Holman, of Gallagher, Holman. & LaFrance, Winnipeg,—‘ The principle effect of free trade in livestock would be to make pork and cured meat cheaper in Winnipeg. The United States packers are prone to make Canada a dumping ground for their surplus products, while they keep the price up im the United States and with no duty they: will make the best of their opportunities. With regard to cattle the Winnipeg markets will be affected to a small extent and for the reason’ that they are a scarcity in Western Canada.” “

THRESHING. MACHINERY

H. F. Mustard, Manager of. the J. I. Case Threshing Machine Co., said that the reduction in duty onagricultural imple- ments would amount to quite a consider- able item on a $3,000 machine, and what- ever it was the’ customer would get the benefit of it, as all they wanted was their

February 8, 1911 : LEARN BY MAIL TO

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ordinary net profit. He thought that the farmer would feel tae benefit of the small- est reduction in agricultural machinery or any savings in freight charges.”

B. C. FRUIT INDUSTRY

‘Martin Burrell, Conservative M.P. of British Columbia:—‘‘It is the cruelest and most unjustifiable blow to the fruit of British Columbia and of the whole of Canada that ever was struck. For the fruit industry of B. C. which is at the development stage, the agreement con- stitutes a disaster and there is'no equiva- lent given as the present duty is low. Its removal will allow our markets to be flooded from Washington and Oregon.”

ONTARIO FARMERS

Duncan. Ross, Liberal M.P. for West Middlesex :—*‘ The agreement is a spiendid thing. It will promote the prosperity of the farmers of my constituency by giving them a market for barley and lambs. I want to see it brought into effect as soon as possible.”

ANDREW BRODER, M. P. Andrew Broder, Conservative M.P., of Dundas:—“ The trade agreement—well I think it is more political than national.”

E. W. ‘E.:W. Nesbitt, Liberai Mu.?..

NESBITT M.P. of North

Oxford :—‘‘ Who would have ext *cted that

ll of it rs will

there would be so much of it an.’ for the best? The Ontario fai benefit handsomely.”

DR. SPROULE, M.P.

Dr. Sproule, M.P., Conservative :-—‘‘ On some lines it will help Canada and on some lines it wil! hurt. n the whole:it will be against the best interests of Canadian development in future. Immediately there will be injury done to producers of hogs by allowing Canadian packers to get in hogs from the,corn regions of the United States. There will be some immediate benefit to the producers of dairy products such as cream and eggs in the Kast and the farmers in the West.”

WESTERN M. P.’S FAVOR

Western Liberals and Conservatives at Ottawa do not wish to be quoted but taey all say it is what they have been shouting for.

SEEKS ADVICE ON SINGLE TAX

Saskatoon, Sask., Feb. 3.—Mayor Clinkskill and R. W. Shannon, city solici- tor, left yesterday for Regina for the purpose of consulting the provincial government with regard to the amendment of city by-laws. One of the most import- ant of the amendments is relative to the adoption of the single tax, while another deals with the question of franchise for tenants in municipal elections. The reduction of the business tax, the reduction of assessment on improvements and other important matters will also be included in the vital questions upon which advice is sought.

WON MANY PRIZES At the poultry show recently held in

the city of Sherbrooke, Ont., the firm of

Gunn, Langlois & Co., Ltd., Montreal,

carried off no less than ten first prizes,

four seconds, two thirds, and three

specials. They also won the silver cup. for the best bird in the show.

MIDGET MILL WORKING.

The Midget flour mill that has been installed at Jasmin, Sask., by Chas. Lunn, has been started and is now turning out a fine grade of flour. The purchasers of this mill are: more than pleased with the work it does and state that it is much better than even the prospectus represents.

February 8, 1911

Co-operation the W orld Over |

0-OPERATIVE societies the world over are yearly growing in magni- tude and since their inception per- haps no medium has been institut-

ed that has contributed more to .

the success, to the uplifting and better- ment of the farming classes of the world than agricultural co-operation.

For the purpose of dealing with agri- cultural co-operation, insurance and credit in the forty-seven adhering countries, the International Institute of Agriculture, Rome, has just published the first monthly issue of its new Bulletin of Economic Intelligence.

This manual shows what agricultural co-operation has accomplished in the past; it will keep every co-operative country in touch with this world-wide movement; it shows the best systems adopted by the various societies, and it will inculcate a spirit of co-operation and lead the way for the younger societies.

The aims of the book are to give a short sketch of the development and actual conditions of the different classes of agricultural co-operative societies and special attention is paid to those details of co-operation than can be illustrated by figures.

No more valuable book could be in the hands of the farmers than this bulletin. By a study of its contents they ‘can readily see the advantages of co-operation as practically demonstrated in the leading agricultural centres of the world;. thereby may they profit by “the experiences acquired by all the others and, by adopt- ing them to their own organizations, promote their economic welfare.. For ex- ample, one country has in vogue a highly organized credit and insurance system of co-operation, another leads in the market- ing of produce and a third in the acquiring of necessities. In this way the various societies of. different countries may be able to teach as much in one thing as they may learn in another.

We present to our readers a_ short review of the contents of the bulletin but strongly advise their procuring the copy for themselves.

It is rather interesting. to note the part played by legislation and state interven- tion in the matter of agricultural organ- izations in many of the European coun- tries. In Ireland, state-aid'is given to the societies. In Italy, premiums. are granted by the government. to encourage agricultural societies, and in Germany, Austria, Japan and Bohemia, the govern- ment have shown. their willingness to assist. and promote agricultural co-oper- ation.

Co-operation in Germany

Although co-operation existed in Ger- many among the ancients, in a peculiar form, yet agricultural co-operation, as it is carried on to-day, in that country, is of quite recent origin, both in respect of its legal forms and of the causes that have given it birth. So rapidly has co- operation spread in Germany however, in the space of a few decades, that there are now 24,000 organizations all told.

Two men are especially noted in the development of co-operation in Germany, Frederick William Raiffeisen and Francis Herman Schulze; the first mentioned being the founder of the co-operative agricultural banks, which system is now practised in many countries, among the more recent, countries to adopt the system being Ireland.

The first societies formed by Raiffeisen assumed liabilities and purchased cattle which were distributed among the poor people’ who repaid the cost with interest at reasonable five yearly instalments. They went on to a service of money loans which gave the associations the character of a loan bank. The system was prac- tised for fifteen years, but as the people assisted did not form part of the associa- tion, which was composed of the better off, it had to be discontinued, as it was found that unions based on this principle had no vitality. The co-operative bank was then instituted, among which the members of these societies for the first time contained those who were desirous of _ borrowing money. From this time co-operation pulsed with a new life.

Soon followed co-operative dairies, societies for the purchase of machines, associations for the improvement of stock, co-operative societies of viticultur- ists and of horticulturists. These various societies were afterwards grouped into federations and formed the foundations on which to construct the great edifice of co-operation, out of which at a later

THE GRAIN GROWERS’

date, grew the Imperial Federation of the German Agricultural Societies.

Co-operative Land Credit Societies

A characteristic form of co-operation in Germany is that of co-operative institutions, organized generally for a purpose, province or some other. adminis- trative unit; their object being to. obtain for their members the credit they require on their lands, by-means of bonds:guaran- teed by the landowners of the province collectively.

» Prussia has the honor of forming the first of such societies. This scheme was prompted by Frederick II, of Prussia, after the Seven Years war (1756-63) to try and restore the devastated. country to a state of prosperity. ‘The scheme was based upon the fact that it is the soil itself which represents the greatest part of the nation’s wealth. The success obtained by the system was more than satisfactory’ and it has now been in existence for one hundred and forty years. x ;

Light and Power Societies

The German agriculturist, accustomed to self-help, ‘and encouraged by the previous successes of various undertakings carried out by societies, tried to realize the idea of supplying electric current to country. districts;.. As the expense was great, it was difficult at first to get a capital to ‘work on, and_ still further difficulties were presented from the fact that experts had to be engaged to work out the system to the best advantage. At first, mistakes were made, but this did not discourage’ the societies. They applied to the information office—the German Imperial Federation of Agricul- tural Co-operation Societies—which}had been established&for the purpose of investigating and#taking the utmost advantage of experience already gained before new projects. were put into practice. This bureau having considered the matter, placed the work of building the power stations, laying the cables, and making the house connections in the hands of a company, in most cases a limited liability company or a joint stock company.

A word may be said about the central societies that are formed throughout Germany for the sale of cattle. The president of these societies devotes all his attention to trade with other societies so as to obtain the best results for the ore} this is one of his principal endea- vors., Last year, although conditions were “very unfavorable for the cattle business, the weather being dry and feed short, by the aid of the central society, satisfactory results were obtained.

Co-operative societies for the sale of eggs have been formed. In 1899 there were thirty-six of these in the province of Hanover; now there is one hundred and forty-three, and the sale of eggs has increased from. .100;000 to more than twenty-seven millions. As a guarantee, the eggs are provided with a special trade-mark which is protected by law. That the co-operative companies may obtain more favorable prices, the Chamber of Agriculture every week, publishes information on the price of eggs.

Co-operation in Austria

Austrian agricultural co-operation be- gan with credit societies and these have attained a great development. In Bohemia, the co-operative warehouses for the sale of grain have gained splendid results.

Those engaged in the sale of grain are provided with a drying, storing and mixing plant. The members who deposit their grain in the warehouse are given an advance, and ‘later on—the sale. once accomplished—the balance. The great difficulty of the system however, is getting all the farmers to fall into line and bring all their grain to the warehouse so that the general expense might be distributed over a large amount of business; for this reason the work of the co-operative granary is a delicate business. In Lower Austria the farmers have not worked together and the co-operative granary shows in many cases a deficit, but in Bohemia a flourishing business is done simply because the system has the full support of the farmers.

The rapid diffusion of agricultural

co-operation in Austria has produced, among other effects, a ‘continued aug- mentation of a class of persons whose sole employment is in connection with co- operation institutes, ‘These employees possess the necessary knowledge in regard Continued on Page 28 :

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Page 18

Want, Sale & Exchange

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heading: - Per Word OEE WORK eee orcn oS RES 2c Bie WORRS SO cek a See 10c Three months 20c BEM FRONDS He sor eet eels

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‘PROPERTY FOR SALE AND WANTED

CHOICE FRUIT LAND FOR SALE --- Parcel 1: Ten acres selected one mile from Keremeos Station, all planted in five-year-old bearing trees; 460 apples, 50 pears, 125 peaches and about 60 prunes, apricots and cherries. Abundance of water. Good schools and mild dry climate.

Parcel 2: Ten acre plot, corner _lot, about one mile from Keremeos. Has spring creek. Six acres planted with six- year-old bearing trees. 158 apples, 89 peaches, 25 cherries, 20 pears, plums and apricots,

Also unimproved 10, 5, 3, 2 and 1 acre lots with water and ready for planting. Also lots in Keremeos townsite, We give references and guarantee our sales. Write us for descriptions and prices.—Pioneer Land Co., 808 McIntyre Block, ‘Winnipeg, Man. 28-6

FOR SALE—SHOTION 8, TP. 6, BR. 14 West 2nd, located in the famous ‘Weyburn wheat district, 450 acres ready for wheat, 100 for oats; creek running through; 65 acre pasture field; good buildings; te ‘ephone installed; good water; school on property; $2,000 cash payment, rest on easy terms;

4 miles from ‘olgate.—T. EB, Williamson, Thglatord P.O., Sask. 25-6

FOR SALE — FIVE IMPROVED FARMS ranging from one-fourth to one section each ~ near Melita and Broomhill. These are among the best for grain and diversified farm- ing in the West and will be sold at ground floor prices, as I want to retire from farming. Address R, M. Graham, Melita, Man. 24-6

820 ACRE FARM -— 150 BROKEN (60 new), another 120 possible, 40 fenced; 2 room lumber house; stabling 12 head; 5 granaries. Station G.T.P. 3 miles, abund- ance good water; poplar bluffs; good hay lands. Price $5,500, part cash. Possession any time. Address Box 10, Grain Growers’ Guide. 26-6

YHE GRAIN GROWERS’

SEED GRAIN FOR SALE AND: WANTED :

SEED OATS FOR SALE — (GARTON’S Regenerated Abundance), grown on break- ing, weight 45 Ibs. per bus.; Ist prize at Foam.Lake Seed Fair, 28-11-10; 50 cents per bus. f.o.b, Foam Lake.—D. MacRae, Foam Lake, Sask. 25-6

FOR SALE-—-NO. ONE SEED FLAX RAISED on breaking, free from uoxious weeds, fanned ready for sowing; $3.00 per bushel f.o.b. Drinkwater, 25c. extra for bags. Speak early. — J. B. Olson, Briercrest, Sask, 27-2

FOR SALE—SEED OATS, BANNER AND Garton’s Regenerated Abundance, grown on clean land, first prize in standing grain competition, 1910, Sample sent‘on appli- cation. Also Red Fyfe seed wheat for sale. —-Robt. Mills, Summerberry, Sask. 27-6

SAY, MR. FARMER AND CONTRACTOR, why pay 50c per bus. for Oats next sum- mer when you can buy now in car. lots at 80c from Elmer Shaw, f.o.b. PRET, Sask.? 25-6

FOR SALE—1,000 BUSHELS: EXCELLENT quality Red Fife seed wheat, $1 per bushel on car Weyburn. Sample on request.—A, T. Williamson, Ingleford P.O., Sask. 25-6

FOR SALE-—-AMERICAN BANNER AND Regenerated Abundance Seed Oats and six- rowed Mensury' Barley, all good clean seed.—Wm, K. McKenzie, Box 79, Rapid City. 26-4

FOR SALE—2,000 BUSHELS SHEFFIELD Standard seed oats, free from foul seeds,

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PURE SEED POTATOES FOR SALE — Manitoba Wonders, Northern Lights, Free- man’s, Earliest Six Weeks, Wee Mac- gregors, $1.25 per bushel.—John Strachan, Pope, Man. 27-6

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SCRIP FOR SALE

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SOUTH AFRICAN VETERANS’ SCRIP FOR sale cheap; a few always on hand. Farm jands, improved and unimproved, for sale, and lists wanted.—-W. P. Rodgers, 608 _ Melntyre Block, | Winnipeg. gh

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MAW'S POULTRY FARM, PARKDALE, Man,, utility breeds, Turkeys, Geese, Ducks, Chickens. Supply catalog giving valuable advice mailed free. Maw’s In- stant Louse Killer, easily applied on roosts, kills lice instantly, half 1b., 50c, postage paid. Edward’s Roup Cure, a tonic, pre- vents and cures disease; easily given in drinking water, half Ib., 50c, postage as

pA OR eee ee BAKRED KOCK COCKERELS AND PUL- july, bred irom my 4nd prize cockerel, AYUY, wld 4th prize cuckerel, 1910, Man. Foultry Shows. sine, large, well-markeu, Luvkerels $8.00 euch, tWo lor Ho,UU. bul- luis $1.00 and $2.00 each, Order direct lulu UIs auvt. Batislacuon yusrauteed, —v. 44. Ulurke, Viruen, Maun. 2d-0

Cc. G. GOLDING, CHURCHBRIDGE, SASK. —H.v., Kooks and §8.U.W. Leghorns, 1U prizes 1910 shows; 1st, pullet; 2nd, hen; srd, cockerel, S.C.W. Leghorns at Inter- Provincial, Brandon, 191u. . Grand cock- erels, eitner breed, $2.00 and $3.00, A

few B.v. Rock pullets, $10.00 per doz. BARRED ROCKS, HODKINSON AND

Bradley’s strains, both cockerel and pullet. Matings, trios at five dollars, single birds two dollars, or two tor. three-titty.—W. 41. Tebb, Kosedale Poultry Yards, Bayete Sask. 28-2

SEED WHEAT—ONE CAR OF RED FIFE one Northern, free from noxious weeds, $1.00 per bushel f.o.b.—A. W. McGregor, Keyes, Man, 26-4

FOR SALE-—GOOD SEED AND FEED OATS yoy Chas. Lunn, Organizing Secretary No. 9 District, Sask, G.G.A., Jasmin, gon

FOR SALE—MENSURY BARLEY IN OAR

lots, free from noxious weeds, and suitable for seed. Price 50c f.o.b, Berton, Man.— D. Paterson, Berton, Man. 22-7

FOR SALE-—-S. % 15-3-17, 1% MILES N.W. Killarney; 175 cultivated, all fallow, new land, or manured in last five years; good buildings, wood and water.—P,. J. Walker, Box 51, Killarney, Manitoba. 27-6

DANGERFIELD & DOOLITTLE, 604 McIN.- _ tyre Block. Phone Main 4229,

FOUR SECTIONS FIRST CLASS STEAM plough land, southwest of Kerr Robert, at $15 per acre; will guarantee this.

FOURTEEN THOUSAND ACRES IN. CEN- tral Alberta, at $15 per acre, en bloc, $3 cash, _ balance _ four annuals.

¢lose to station in Manitoba, at $17. 50

per acre; $4.50 cash, balance in five years. HALF SECTION, SIX MILES SOUTH OF Gadsby, Alta., ‘at $15 per acre. Easy terms.

FARMS TO RENT

FOR RENT—FIRST CLASS FARM OF 320 acres, 200 acres under cultivation, 45 acres new breaking, 30 acres summerfal- low, 50 acres goo " pasture. Land is all fenced, lots of good water and first. class buildings, 5 miles from good town. Renter must have good i ag horses and machin- ery. Address Ox: 4; sana ic Sask. 4-6

FARM TO ) RENT—SEVEN MILES wast Davidson, 800 acres broken, For par- ticulars apply J, W. Richardson, Kinders- ley, care of Richardson & Wigle. 28-2

FARMS FOR SALE

FINE FARM NEAR DAUPHIN, 480 ACRES, 800 cultivated, 160 pasture, 20 good bluff building site, abundance water, market

8 miles; school, mile; fenced, buildings serviceable, Price $10,000, $1,000 down, terms easy. Rich soil.

Owner retired.— A. J. Boughen, Man. 28-6

PARM MACHINERY FOR SALE FOR SALE—BELLIPTIO JETTING WELL

Prill, 600 ft, capacity, new last June. Will take oats or barley in part pay. For particulars write T, A. Somerville, Hart- _ney, Man. 28- A , SNAP—FOR SALE, JOHN DEERE EN- gine gang in good condition, 1910 make; broke 800 acres. Apply Neil Wright, aes 155, Wellwood, Man. 1-8 FOR SALE-——CASE 25 PLOWING ENGINE ron ninety days. Will sell for sixteen hundred cash, or two Veteran's Scrip.— James McConnell, Oarnduff, Sask. 28-6

GASOLINE BNGINE—16 H.P. EXCELLENT ne for sale cheap.—F. 0. erie North Edmonton, Alta. 27-@

Dauphin,

FOR SALE — FEW OARS EXCELLENT seed and feed oats, pure Newmarket, weight 44 lbs. to bushel, free from noxious weeds.—E. Kohler, Wilcox, Sask. 28-7

FOR SALE—ABUNDANCE SEED OATS, éxcellent quality free from foul seeds and wild pane Sample and price on request. —E. ©. F. Kalass, Langenburg, Sask. 24-6

SEED OATS, BARLEY, WHEAT AND FLAX for sale. When writing state quantity wanted. — Wilton, Goodman & Oo., Cor.

King and James 8t., Winnipeg.

FOR SALE—WESTERN RYE GRASS SEED, 8 cents per lb. in 50 Ib, bags, f.o.b. Gren- fell-—H. P, Springali, Box 198, Grenfell, Sask. 24-6

PURE STANLEY WHEAT—50 BUSHELS improved, $1.25 per bushel; 75 bushels grown from improved seed, $1.20.—H. K. Webb, Swan River, Man. 26-6

BANNER SHED OATS FOR SALE—WEIGH 45 lbs. to the bus.; guaranteed free of wild oats.—MecNally Bros., Regina, ire

25-6

SEED FLAX FOR SALE—FREE FROM mustard and all noxious weeds; excellent sample.—McNally. Bros., Regina, ane

25-

FOR SALE—QUANTITY OF TIMOTHY, Wild Hay and Oat Sheaves. — John O. Prana Box 12, Gilbert Plains, Man. baie.

FOR SALE—SOME GOOD TIMOTHY SEED, $6 per bushel, Also one Edwards Road Grader and Ditcher.—C. 0. Holstein, a chope, Sask. 8-4

FOR SALE—GOOD QUALITY PRESTON Seed Wheat, started with seed from Do- minion Government, $1.00 per bushel’ f.o.b. _ Wilcox.—-B. | Kohler, Wilcox, Sask. 28-8

SEED OATS FOR SALE—BANNER, 35c per bushel on car.—H, O. Snusher, Men- zie, Man. 28-3

EARLY WHITE IRISH SEED OATS FOR

sale.—John Luxton, Silverwood Farm, Toga. Sank 25-4

fon ennai wrae' tan.haunsnrnresnenreY memrmerenenamemtnn HAY FOR SALE AND WANTED

HAY, PRAIRIE AND TIMOTHY, FOR SALE ~—Prompt deliver., cy SH prices. —-Wilton, Goodman & Oo., Cor. King and James 8t., Winnipeg.

WANTED — TWO OARS OF BALED Prairie or Timothy hay. State price f. 0.8. —Taane Motheral. Snowflake. Man

HAY FOR ea UNDRED TONS OF gree, Hay. Apply to Thos. D. Grace or gh Luther, Benito P.O., Man, 28-2

FIFTY BARRED ROOK OOCKERELS, sixty white, all bred trom my prize-win- ners; have won in nineteen ten at the leading shows more prizes than any com- petitor,—W, J. Currie, Lauder,

WANTED — BUTTER, BEGGS, DRESSED fowl, mutton, veal and beet. Vegetables ot all kinds in carioad lots. Highest prices paid f.o.b. nearest shipping poimt.—A. W. ‘taylor, 1510 Sth St. W., Calgary.

BARRED PLYMOUTH BOOKS—HIGHEST quality. ° eggs for sale in season.—tl'orrest Grove buultry Yards. P.U. Box 841, Winnipeg.

COCKERELS FOR SALE—BARRED ROOKS und Single Comb White Leghorns, $2.U0 vuch.—H, W. Anderson, Fleming, eae é

BUFF ORPINGTONS—-HIGHEST QUALITY exnibition and utility stock.—W. I. baw- son, Juniata, Sask, 28-4

A FEW CHOICE BUFF ORPINGTON COCK. erels from good laying strain, $1.75 each. Wm. Golland, Bredenbury, Sask. 25-6

BARRED ROCK COCKERELS—I HAVE 6 tine large cockerels for sale, fine color, $2.50 each.—Jd. K. Plett, Giroux, Man. 27-4

FULL BLOOD PEKIN DUCKS FOR SALE Eggs $1.50 per setting —Mrs. J. Fother- gill, Bladworth, Sask. 28-12

GOAL FOR SALE ee

FARMERS | BUY YOUR OOAL DIRECT from Kiverside Farmers’ Mine, $2.00 per ton f.u.b. Bienfait. Write J... Bulmer, Taylorton, Sask. 3 26-8

PLOWING WANTED

WANTED — OONTRAOT PLOWING OR breaking 1,000 acres next season. For

rice and particulars apply Davidson Bros., _ Moore Park, Man, 23-6

SITUATIONS VACANT YOUNG GIRL WANTED BY FARMER’S

wife, comfortable home, light work, no children, Protestant.—F. 0. Olare, North

Edmonton, Alta.

TEACHER WANTED A TEACHER WANTED FOR INGLESIDE:

School No. 2447. Duties to’ commence April 15th. When applying state wages. —H, P. Houck, Sec.-Treas., seme Man. _

TEACHER WANTED FOR ADAIR 8.D. WO. 1471. Lady holding 2na class professional preferred. Duties to commence on or before ist April and continue till Christ- mas. Apply stating salary to Jas, gee Sec. __ Sec.-Treas., Fairlight, Sask.

BRITISH COLUMBIA

BARGAINS IN UIT & DAIRY FARMS in the fertile FRAZER VAL- LEY near Vancouver, New Westminster and Chilliwack. We can suit your want and pocket book. Honest treatment. Highest financial references. BE OKt Write today for our illustrated jatalog and full information. Address: H. F. Box 44, Wadena, Sask,

Exhibition and Utility stock and -

‘ Kebruary 8, 1911

Breeders’ Directory

Cards under this heading will be inserted weekly at the rate of $4.00 per line per year. No card accepted for less than six months,

Consider the smallness of the cost of carrying a caid in this column compared with the results that are sure to follow, and make up your mind to send us a card today.

FOR SALE—CLYDESDALE STALLION, name King George Imp, 8695, sire King's Crest Imp (4764), (11885), age four years old May 10th, 1911; color black, of good quality, good action and healthy; broken to harness, single and double; hitched double every day; perfectly quict and gentle and a sure stock getter. For fur- ther information apply to Craig Bros., Kewende P.O., Man.; Oakville Station, O.N.R.; Fortier Station, G.T.R., Manitoba.

POPLAR PARK GRAIN AND SsTOCK Farm, Harding, Man.—-We breed our show stock and show our breeding. For sale Shorthorn bulls, Yorkshires, American bred B. Rock Cockerels, choice B. Orping- tons, registered Red Fife wheat and un- registered, free from noxious weeds.

CLYDESDALES AND B.P. ROCKS—FIVE Stallions, imported and home-bred, from one to four years old; fillies from ‘two to four years, bred to Johnston Count and Vigorous. A splendid lot of B.P. Rock Cockerels.—Andrew Graham, Roland P.O.

FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE—ONE REGIS-

tered Olydesdale Stallion from imported stock. Will sell cheap or exchange for young work horses.—R. Day, Markinch, Sask, 26-6

FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE—ONE REGIS- tered Clydesdale Stallion from imported stock. Will sell. cheap or exchange for two-year-old steers or young horses.—J. G. Donaldson, Broadview, Sask. 28-4

HOLSTEIN ap HEREFORD CATTLE, also SHETLAND PONIES. Pioneer prize herds of the West. Pony vehicles, harness, saddles. J. E. Marples, Poplar Park Farm, Hartney,Man.

A. D. McDONALD, BREEDER OF PURE bred Yorkshires and pure bred Shorthorna, young Bulls for Sale.—Sunnyside Stock Farm, Napinka, Man.

SPECIAL OFFER — OLYDESDALES. Shorthorns and Yorkshires at below real value; a car of grade stockers and springers.—J. Bousfield, MacGregor, Man.

J.M. WALLACE, ROSSER, MAN., BREEDER ef Black, White and Buff Orpingtons. Choice young stock for sale; also cheice Seed Wheat; sample, &¢., on application.

RED POLLED CATTLE — THE BREED for beef and. butter. Females and_ bull calves for sale.—Olendening Bros,, Hard- ing, Man. Pioneer importers and breeders.

FOR SALE — AT :-VERY REASONABLE prices three pure-bred Olydesdale Stal- eh rising 8, 4 and’ 9 years respectively.

. A. August, Homewood, Man. “6

JACK FOR SALE—I HAVE