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THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA
The James Sprunt Historical Publications
PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF
The North Carolina Historical Society
Editors:
J. G. DeROULHAC HAMILTON HENRY McGILBERT WAGSTAFF WILLIAM WHATLEY PIERSON, JR.
VOL. 16
No. 2
CONTENTS
THE DIARY OF BARTLETT YANCEY MALONE
THE PROVINCIAL AGENTS OF NORTH CAROLINA
CHAPEL HILL
PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY
1919
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This book is due at the WALTER R. DAVIS LIBRARY on the last date stamped under "Date Due." If not on hold it may be renewed by bringing it to the library.
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Form No, 51: Rev. 1184
THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA
The James Sprunt Historical Publications
PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF
The North Carolina Historical Society
r ■
Editors:
J. G. DeROULHAC HAMILTON HENRY McGILBERT WAGSTAFF WILLIAM WHATLEY PIERSON, JR.
VOL. 16
No. 2
CONTENTS
THE DIARY OF BARTLETT YANCEY MALONE
ROVINCIAL AGENTS OF PRTH CAROLINA
CHAPEL HILL
PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY
1919
THE DIARY OF BARTLETT YANCEY MALONE
EDITED BY WILLIAM WHATLEY PIERSON, JR.
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2012 with funding from
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hil
http://archive.org/details/diaryofbartlettymalo
INTRODUCTORY NOTE
The following is the diary of a North Carolina farmer, Bart- lett Yancey Malone, who fought during the American War of Secession from July, 1861, to November, 1863, when he was cap- tured and made prisoner. He entered the Confederate Army at the age of twenty-three as a private and rose to the rank of a sergeant, being a member during his active service of the 6th North Carolina Regiment. As he said, this regiment at the time of his capture in battle on the Rappahannock River belonged to "General Hooks (Hoke) brigard Early Division Ewels Corps Leas Armey. ' ' As his story shows, Malone participated in most of the great battles and campaigns in Virginia, Maryland and Pennsylvania. After his capture, November 7, 1863, he was im- prisoned at Point Lookout, Maryland, where he remained until February 24th, 1865.
An inquiry as to the justification for the publication of this document would be pertinent, for on a cursory reading it seems little more than an extended weather report. Mr. Malone per- formed no extraordinary feat of heroism, at least none such was recorded ; he participated with individual distinction in no poli- tical movement of importance ; he played no role which would cause historians to single him out for particular notice. His diary is reproduced here as a document of human interest which reveals, with much quaintness of expression, the thoughts of a simple soldier of the ranks — the thoughts, it is to be presumed, of a mass of men, which have oftentimes been inarticulate. There is a frankness about this diary that conveys inevitably, I believe, the conviction of sincerity. And there is a lack of emotion — as when in remarking on an event which, we are told, caused the sol- diers great grief, the death of Stonewall Jackson, he merely said, "And General Jackson died to-day, which is the 10th day of May" — an absence of bitterness and of complaints which, con- sidering the provocation of circumstances, make the diary of al- most as much interest because of these omissions as because of what is included. Perhaps the most conspicuously absent feature
6 James Sprunt Historical Publications
is that of any statement of the Southern cause for which he was fighting. Not only does the writer refrain from criticism of the North, but he omits to tell why he is fighting for the South. He assumes the Southern cause tacitly and of course. Mr. Malone was chiefly concerned with his job of being a soldier and, as there was no passion nor rancor in his story, there was likewise no ex- altation nor fervid declamation. He asserted no particular knowledge of military events nor predicted the result of any en- gagement. "What the result is to be is more than I no." He did not seem to have been especially elated by victory, and he was certainly not demoralized by defeat — not even that of Gettysburg. He committed himself on rare occasions to expres- sions which manifested a confidence in the ultimate outcome, as after a successful battle he said: ""We whipt them like we aul- ways do. ' ' He was unconsciously a brave man who took a sober sort of joy in fighting. On one occasion, when alluding to a battle of more than four hours in length, which began about three o 'clock in the afternoon, he remarked : "we had a wright nice time of it from then on tell dark." There is no notice taken of the horrors of war, of bloody scenes which he must have witnessed on the battlefield ; nor were there any complaints made of the pains of the wounds he received. His attitude toward the enemy was unemotional, almost indifferent. He sometimes referred to the federal soldiers as "the Scamps," which, in view of the heated controversies of the time, must certainly be regarded as a mild term of reproach. It is true that he designated General Benjamin F. Butler as the "Yankee beast," but that was an ex- pression then so current in the South as to be conventional so far as Butler was concerned. Having done with these negative, though very significant, aspects, it might be said that, judging from the diary, Malone was chiefly thinking — possibly from a farmer's habit — of the weather with its attendant pleasures and discomforts and about food.
One persistent habit of Malone was to record the texts of sermons which he heard, together with references to their biblical rources. This practice, in addition to revealing some interesting evidence as to the nature of Civil War sermons, will remind some
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 7
readers of the time when it was considered a cardinal sin to be unable to quote and cite the preacher's text. Religion affected him in this way not only, but it influenced his poetry.
That part of the diary which describes Malone 's experience as a prisoner at Point Lookout is, I think, an important and valu- able addition to the limited, first-hand material dealing with Southerners in Northern prisons. It was when writing his reflec- tions on prison life that the first note of despair comes into his journals. His criticism of the treatment of prisoners there may be summarized under four heads : First, there was not food enough. ' ' Our rations at Point Lookout was 5 crackers and a cup of coffee for Breakfast. And for dinner a small ration of meat 2 crackers three potatoes and a cup of soup. Sugar we have non. " Later he described the food supplied by saying, ' ' Our Rations gets no better we get half a loaf of bread a day a smal slice of Pork or Beef or Sault Beef for Breakfast for dinner a cup of Been Soup and Supper we get non. ' ' Coffee and sugar, which last commodity had for a time been supplied, had been taken away. At one time his friends caught, cooked and ate a rat. Secondly, he wrote of the poor protection against the cold afforded the prisoners. Many had to sleep on the ground with only one blanket. "All the wood we get at Point Lookout is one sholder tirn of pine brush every other day for a tent. 16 men to every tent. ' ' He recorded that five men froze to death on one night. Thirdly, he mentioned the frequent shooting of pris- oners by the guards for trivial reasons. At one time he states that a prisoner was shot and killed by the guard "for no reason attall. " Fourthly, he rather bitterly resented the placing of negroes as guards over him.
It will seem strange to some that the writer of this diary should have spelled General Lee's name, which undoubtedly was very familiar to him, as "Lea." This spelling of the famous name may be explained by the fact, of which I have been in- formed, that in Caswell County there were a number of people who spelled their name "Lea," as, indeed, did an officer of Malone 's regiment. This and other orthographic curiosities must
8 James Sprunt Historical Publications
be considered in the light of the fact that he was a graduate of the "corn field and tobacco patch" university.
No serious editing has been undertaken. Outside of an oc- casional attempt to indicate in some cases the accurate form of certain proper names and places, the diary has been allowed to stand without comment as written.
William Whatley Pierson, Jr. Chapel Hill, N. 0., March 25, 1919.
THE DIARY OF BARTLETT YANCEY MALONE
Bartlett Y. Malone was bornd and raised in North Carolina Caswell Comity in the Year of our Lord 1838. And was Gradgu- ated in the corn field and tobacco patch : And inlisted in the war June the 18th 1861. And was a member of the Caswell Boys Company which was comanded by Captian Michel (A. A. Mitchell) : And was attached to the 6th N. C. Regiment the 9th day of July '61 which was comanded by Colonel Fisher who got kild in the first Manassas Battel which was July 21, 1861. And then was comanded by Colonel W. D. Pender untell the Seven Pines fight which was fought the 30th day of May '61. # And then Colonel W. D. Pender was promoted to Brigadier Gen- eral. And then Captain I. E. Avry (Avery) of Co. E was pro- moted to Lieutenant Colonel who was in comand untell about the 10th of October when he was promoted to Colonel and still staid in comand untell the 2th day of July 1863 which was the day the fite was at Gettysburg whar he was kild. And then Lieut : Colonel Webb taken comand.
Look hear Mr. Johnston did you ever go to Scolidge I dont no : I guess you mean coledg dont you, Bans : Yes, that what I said Scoledg :
Oh go way from hear negro you dont no what you ar a talken about
Yes I do dat just what I said.
His purposes will riper fast Unfolding evry hour The bud may have a bitter taste But sweet will be the flower
* For a history of the Sixth Regiment, see Clark (editor), North Carolina Regi- ments, 1S61-1865, Vol. I (1901).
10 James Sprunt Historical Publications
May your days be days of pleasure May your nites be nites of rest May you obtain lifes sweetest pleasure And then be numbered with the blest.
Whar ere you rome What ere your lot Its all I ask Forget me not.
Remember me when I am gon Dear friend remember me And when you bow befour the throne 0 then remember me.
You are a charming little dandy Sweeter than the sweetest candy.
Candy is sweet It is very clear But not half so sweet As you my dear
One day amidst the plas "Where Jesus is within Is better than ten thousen days Of pleasure and of Sin
0 for grace our hearts to soften Teach us Lord at length to love We alas forget too often What a friend we have above.
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 11
All I like of being a Whale Is a water Spout and a tail.
A certen cewer for the Toothack if the tooth is hollow take a pease of the scale that is on a horses leg and put it in the hollow of the tooth It is a serten cewer so sais J. H. Lyon.
B. Y. M.
B. Y. MALONE'S MEMORANDUM
FOR THE YEAR 1862
The first day of January was a beautyfull day
And William Hester died the last day of Dec. 1861
The 2 day was a beautyfull one and nothing happend of eney interest that day.
The 3 day was also a prittjT day.
The 4 day we had a right smart snow and Mr. Compton is at our camp to day on a visit,
The 5th which is the Sabath and ther is a right smart ice on the ground to day And Bethel is a cooking I. H. Jonstons big turkey for dinner.
The 6th day was a veiy coal one indeed and the snow is about a half of a inch deep on the ground to day and Mr. I. T. Compton left our camp to day for home.
The 7th day I was on gard and it was a very coal day.
The 8th day was also coal and me and Bethel washed our close to day.
The 9th day was a beautyfull And Mr. Thomas Martin arived at our camp today on a visit,
The 10 day was cloud}- but not much rain And I wrote a letter to S. F. Compton today.
The 11 day was a very pritty day over head but powerfull muddy under foot, And nothing happend to day worth a naming.
The 12 day which is the Sabath and it is a beautifull sun- shiney day And me and Young eat our big oposam today for dinner and indeed it was sum good.
The 13 was a very nice day indeed.
The 14 day the snow was about shoe mouth deep And Mr. Clover and Young and Joshua and my self went a rabbit hunt- ing and caught one scpiirl And indeed we saw a heep of fun that day.
The 15 day was a very bad day it raind all day and freezed
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 13
as it fell and at night there was about as much ice on the treese as I ever saw in my life.
The 16 day was a wright warm day and the snow nearley all melted off of the ground by night
The 17 day was very cool and cloudy
The 18 day was sloppy day And I hird today that peas was made between the North and South and I hird that our men sunk a vessel down on the Potomac last night But indeed I dont beleave a word of it.
The 19 day was a raney one and our Company was on picket gard at Greenwood Church which is in about 9 miles from Poco- quan And Mr. I. F. Richmond arived at our camp to day on a visit.
The 20 day and it is still araning and nothing happend to- day of any interest
The 21 is cloudy and a railing And I am on gard today at the camp
The 22 was cloudy but no rain
The 23 was cloudy and cool but no rain And thir was hevy canonading down on the Potomac to day
The 24 was cool and cloudy in the morning and in the eavn- ing it was a snowing And Mr. Oliver and Young went to Dumpfreese to day for witnesses for Mr. B. Murphey.
The 25 was a very cool day and Young went back to Dum- frieze to day again for witnes for B. Murphey.
The 26 which was the Sabath was a beautyfull day indeed
The 27 was a warm sunshiney day and we all went out on drill to day for the first time in too months And the Colonel praysed ous all and said that he was glad that we had not for- goten how to drill
The 28th day was cloudy in the morning and clear in the eavning And I hope the Lieutenants get sum logs today to put a flower (floor) in his hous
The 29 was a very pritty warm day, but after night it comenced raning And I was on gard to day And my post was right befour the Colonels house door.
The 30 day was a raney day and nothing happend to day
14 James Sprunt Historical Publications
onley me and Marshal Walker was a playing and I hurt my face with a fence rail
The 31 day was cloudy but not much rain And nothing happend today worth a menshionen.
B. Y. Malone.
The Month of February 1862
The first day of February was a raney day indeed And nothing happened to day of eney interest
The 2 day which was the Sabath was a very warm day
The 3 day was a very bad day it snowed all day long and at night the snow was about six inches deep
The 4 day was a very nice day over head and the snow melted very fast all day, and we boys saw a heep of fun that tlay a snow bawling
The 5 day was a very warm sunshiney day and the snow was nearly all melted off of the ground by night And nothing happend to day worth a namen
The 6 day was a very raney one And Lieutenant Lea and Sergeant Couvington and H. Rudd and Mr. Balden all started home to day as recruiting officers.
The 7 day was cold and cloudy And I was on gard to day
The 8 day was very cool And Lieutenant Lea was promoted to Captian And Sergeant Olover promoted to Second Lieutenant to day And Nat Hester promoted to fourth Corporal
The 9 day which was the Sabath was a very pritty day And Thomas Grinsted dide to day he was a private in Captian Leas Company
The 10 day was clear but cool And we went out on drill today for the first time in severl weeks.
The 11 day was a very cool day And me and Cousin Ander- son went down to the fourth Alabama Reg in a visit.
The 12 day was a very pritty day indeed and I went to Dumfrieze today and then returned home
The 13th day was a pritty warm sunshiney day And we went on drill twist that day.
The 14th day a wright coal day.
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 15
The 15 day was a very bad day indeed it snowed all day long and at night the snow was about 3 inches deep on the ground
The 16 day was a clear day and the snow melted a little And Mr. Luther Rudd dide to day about 8 oclock in the morning
The 17 day was a very bad day it rained all day and friezed as it fell.
The 18 day was cloudy but warm and the ice melted off and I was on gard that day
The 19 day was a very raney day indeed And Mr. I. R. Hester And Calvin Snipes arived at our camp today on a visit
The 20 day was a beautifull day it looked like the spring of the year and Mr. I. R. Moore left our camps today to go home on a furlough
The 21 day was cool and cloudy And ther was a wright smart excitement in camp today It was repoted that the Yankees Was a landing at Colchester
The 22 day was cloudy and it rained a little in the morning And Mr. I. R. Hester and N. Snips left our camp today for home
The 23 day was cloudy but not much rain
The 24 day was clear and very windey indeed
The 25 day was clear and cool And A. I. Brincefield started home today on a sick furlough
The 26 day was cloudy but not much rain
The 27 day was clear and Brother Albert arrived at our camps today on a visit
The 28 day was clear but very windey and cool And ther was a wright smart stir in camps today for we had orders to pack our knapsacks and to be ready to march at a moments warning but wher we was to go too we did not no. Spring is now come. B. Y. Malone.
The Month of March 1862
The 1 day of March was clear and very cool And I was on gard in the day but being unwell I got excused from standing after night
16 James Sprunt Historical Publications
The 2 day it snowed tell the snow was about 2 inches on the ground.
The 3 day was cloudy and rained nearley all day
The 4 day was clear and cool and our company was on picket gard today at Greenwood Chirch
The 5 day was cloudy but no rain And Brother Albert left our camps today for home
The 6 day clear in the morning and cloudy in the eavning And snowed o little And we had orders today from General Whiten (W. H. Whiting) to drill twist every day hear after
The 7 day was clear but very cool and we have orders to cook too days rations and be ready to march in the morning but where we are agoing is more than I no
The 8 day of March was cloudy and cool And our Regiment left camp Fisher today for Camp Barton
The 9 day was clear and warm And we marched about 15 miles to daj^ on toward Camp Barton
The 10 day was cloudy and raining in the morning but no rain in the eavning And we arrived at camp Barton about 3 oclock in the eavning which is about 2 miles west of Frederks- burg (Fredericksburg)
The 11 day was a beautyfull warm sunshiney day and we cleaned our streets and struck our tents today
The 12 day was a beautyfull spring day and nothing occurd of eney interest
The 13 day was warm and clear
The 14 day was warm and cloudy but no rain And I was on gard at Camp Barton for the first time.
The 15 day was a very raney day indeed
The 16 day which was the Sabath was cloudy but no rain And our recruits got in today and the number of them was 45
The 17 day was cool and cloudy but no rain and I hurd today that we had to march back to Richmond
The 18 day was clear and warm And Lieutenant Colonel Lightfoot of the 6th N. C. S. T. was promoted to Colonel of the 5th Alabama Regt today
The 19 day was cloudy and cool
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 17
The 20 day was raney and very cool indeed
The 21 day cloudy and cool but no rain
The 22 day cloudy and sum rain And I was on gard and the counter sign was York Town
The 23 day which was the Sabath was a beautyfull spring day and I went to Frederksburg to preaching And the preach- ers text was in St. John 3 chap and 18 virse
The 23 day cool and cloudy
The 24 cool and cloudy
The 25 was a beautyfull day
The 26 was also a nice day
The 27 warm and clear
The 28 was a beautyfull spring day and we have orders this eavning to cook 3 days rashers And I hird severl cannons fyer- ing this eavning but what is to be the result is more than I no
The 29 day it raind and haild and snowed and sleated and friezed and done a little of all that was bad And me and James Colmond went to Fredreksburg and went down to the landing and went in a steam boat for the first one we ever was in
The 30 day which was the Sabath was cool and raney
The 31 day was a beautyfull day and I was on gard and my post was befour the gard house door so nothing more.
B. Y. Malone
The Month of April 1862
The 6 day of April which was the Sabath was a beautyfull spring day And I went to Fredericksburg to meating and the Preachers text was in the first Book of Kings 18 chapter and 21 virse
The 7 day was a pritty one
The 8 day was cool and raney And our Regiment left Camp Barton in the morning and marched on toward Richmond threw the wind and water and waded the creaks as they went
The 9 was still cool and raney and we continued our march And about 3 o'clock in the eavning as we was marching threw a little Town cauld Balden Green it comenced halen and raining on ous very hard And then it was about 3 miles to the Depot
18 James Sprunt Historical Publications
wher we was to take the cars And we all got very wet befour we got ther And then about sundown we got in sum old horse cars and was run to Ashland which was about 22 miles And when we got ther I was wet and nearly frosen And I was on gard and they put me on post wright away and I had to stand
2 hours And it was a snowing a little while I was a standing
The 10 day was cool and cloudy in the morning but cleerd off about twelve and we stade in Town all day
The 11 day was a pritty clear day and we stade in Town untell eavning And in the eavning we went out in the woods about a mile from Town and struck our tents for the night
The 12 day was a very pritty one
The 13 day was also a nice one And William Jeffrus of our Company dide this morning And we had a Preacher to preach in our camp today and his text was in the Second Book of Kings 6 chapter and 15 and 16 and 17 virses.
The 14 of April was a very pritty day And our Regiment left Ashland for Yolktown (Yorktown) And our rought was down by Hanover Coathouse
The Second day we still continued our march And also the
3 and fourth we marched And the 5 day we marched and past threw the town of Williamsburg about 9 o'clock in the morning And about an hour before the sun set we arrived at General Johnston Headquarters which is in about a mile of Yolktown wher we stopt to wait for the Battle.
The 29 day of April was a beautyful day And Calvin Snips got back today from home And the Reverant Mr. Stewart from Alexander preached in our camp this eavning and his text was this : I am the Lord of Host :
The Month of May
The 2 day of May was a beautyful one And we had orders to leave Yorktown And soon in the morning the wagons was loded and everything sent off but our knapsacks and about 12 o'clock the Artillery was all plast (placed) in a line of battle acrost the field and about dark we was all marched out behind it and Colonel Pender told ous that they expected a large fight
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 19
the next day and we lade ther in the field all night with our guns by our side And next morning we marched out in the woods And we stade ther untell about 2 o 'clock in the night And then we was rousted up and marched about a half a mile and then for sume cause we was stopt and sent back And then about day- break we started again and taken the same road back that we come down And about 12 oclock we got to Williamsburg and we onley went about 4 miles futher tell we stopt to stay all night And about 4 oclock in the eavning the Yankees Calvery over- taken ours clost to Williamsburg and we had a little brush but our men whipt thirs and we onley lost one kild and 3 or 4 wounded And we kild 9 of thirs and wounded severl and taken 10 horses And the 5 day was a very raney one indeed and we was rousted up about 2 oclock in the night and marched all day threw the mud and water and at night we arived in about 2 miles of West Point
The 6 day we stade in camp untell about one oclock And it was reported that the Yankees was alanding down at West Point and we was all run out in a file and plast in a line of battel ex- pecting a fight but did not and about dark we marched back to our camp and about 8 oclock in the night we marched about a mile to another plase for sum cause and then stade thar all night And the next morning which was the 8 was a beautyful one and the Yankees was alanding at West Point and about 8 o 'clock we was marched down to the intended battle field And from that time untell 12 oclock we was a scurmishing and a running from one place to another hunting the scamps And in the eavning we marched back in the woods and stade thar untell about 12 oclock in the night And then marched about a mile futher back And stad thar all night And then as soon as day broke we started on our march again And about 3 oclock in the eavning we got to West Point coathouse whar we found General Johnston and all of his men And then we marched about 2 miles futher and stop for the night
And the 9 day we rested untell about 12 oclock and then started out on our march again and befour we had gone a mile we hird that our Cavalry was attacked by the Yankees And
20 James Sprunt Historical Publications
then we had to stop and wate a while but we whipt them like we. aulways do And then we marched on but dident git but 3 miles that day And the 10 day we dident march but about a mile for we was expecting the Scamps to attack us but they did not
The 11 day which was the second Sunday in May was a beautyfull day indeed And we rested all day And the Rev- erant Mr. Stewart from Alexander preached to us again today
The 12 day we still stade in camp and Mr. Fossett preached for us today. And his text was in the first of Timothy 2 chapter and 8 virse
The 13 day was clear and warm
The 14 cloudy and a raining
The 15 raney And we left Camp. Road today about 12 oclock and marched on toward Richmond
And the 16 we marched
And the 17 we got to our camp clost to Richmond
The 26 day of May was a nice one but about 12 oclock in the night it comenced raining very hard And about 1 oclock we was rousted up and did expect to attack the Yankees about day but it rained so hard we did not go
And the 27 day it rained till about 10 oclock and then cleard off And about 3 oclock in the eavning the fight comenced down about Hanover Coathouse we surposed but we was not cauld out And I was promoted today to fourth Corporel
The 28 day was clear and about a hour befour the sun set we left our camp And march all night down toward Hanover Coathouse And we past in about three hundred yards of the Yankeys pickets And then we stopt and rested about 3 hours And about 8 oclock the next day we started back and went about 5 or 6 miles and stopt for the night
And the next day we went back in about a mile and a half of Richmond and staid thar all night
And the next morning which was the 30 we left and marched down toward Chickahominy And about three oclock in the eavning we was led in to the Battel field by Colonel Pender And we had a wright nice time of it from then tell dark
And the next morning which Was the first day of June the
The Diary op Bartlett Yancey Malone 21
fight comenced a little before the sun rose And we was plast (placed) in a line of Battel And was expecting to go in to it evry minuet but we staid there all day and was not cauld on; General Longstreet divishion don the most of the fighting on Sunday And from that time till the 11th we stade in the Swamp down on Chickahominy River
And the 11 day we left Chickahominy And went to Rich- mond and taken the cars and Went to the Junction that night
And the next morning we left thar And about a hour bef our the sun set we arived at Linchburg
And the 12 day we stade at Linchburg
And the 13 day we got on the cars about dark and the next morning we found our relief at Sharlottsvill (Charlottesville) which was about 75 miles from Linchburg And we chainged cars at that plase And the 14 day we traveld threw the Moun- tins And about too hours befour the sun set we got to the little town cauld Staunton And we stade ther tell the 18 And the 18 which was just twelve months from the time I taken the oath we left Staunton And marched about 15 miles wright back the railroad the way we came down And stade all night at a little town cauld Wainsborough (Waynesboro) clost to the Turnel
And the next morning we croust over the Blew ridg and marched to Mitchiners River And staid thar all night And the next morning which was the 20 we taken the cars at Mitch- iners River and road up to Sharlottsvill And then taken a railroad thar that went to Gordnesvill And we got to Gordnes- vill about 2 oclock in the eavning and we taken the Richmond Railroad thar And road about 25 miles toward Richmond at a station cauld Frederickshall And thar we got off
The 21 we stade at Frederickshall
And also the 22 we stade thar
And the 23 we started out again on our march and marched all day long threw the hot sun and dust for it was very hot and dusty the 23 but it raind that night.
And the next day (which was the 24) we still continued our rout and when we stopt for night we was in 6 miles of Ashland
22 James Sprunt Historical Publications
And the 25 we travield all day long and at night we campt a mile west of Ashland
And the 26 we travield sloley down the Chickahominy River driving in the pickets as we went
And the 27 we still went on and about 3 oclock in the eavning we come up with the main body of the Yankees (at Cold Harbor) and attacked them And from that time untell dark we had a wright warm time of it But we whipt them And in our com- pany A. Burk was kild and A. Tucker and Page was slitley wounded
And the 28 we marched about a mile the other side of the battle field and stade thar all day,
And the 29 we stade at the same place And about 2 oclock in the eavning we had orders to fall in to march but we did not go And as we was stacking our armes again one of Captain Tates men shot another one threw the thigh but it was don axidentley
And the 30 we was rousted up about too oclock in the night and about day break we started out again And crost the Chickahominy River and marched untell we came to the York river Railroad 8 miles below Richmond And then we taken down the Railroad and about 2 hours befour sunset we come to a little creak whar the Yankees had burnt the bridg And left sum of thir peases thar to bumb us so we couldent build the bridge untell they could get thir armey futher along, And we never got the bridge built untell next morning about a half of a hour by sun
The Month of July 1862 (Also August to December)
And the next morning whitch was the first day of July just twelve months from the time I left home we crost over and about 10 oclock we overtaken the scamps again And they comenced throwing bumbs amung us And we amung them And thar was a very heavey canonading cept up all day And a little befour night the pickets comenced fyring And from that time untell about a hour in the night thar was very hard filing don indeed And a great meney kild and wounded on
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 23
boath sids in our company M. Miles L. Smith, B. Murphey, I. Calmond, G. Lyons And my self was all hurt
And the next day which was the second was a very rany day indeed And our Regiment moved back in the woods a peas and stade thar all day
And the next day we marched back about three miles toward Richmond and stopt for the night
And the 4 day we marched down on James River about 25 miles from Richmond
And the 5 we stade at the same plase untell sun down And then our Regiment had to go on picket And we marched down in about a mile of the Yankees and sent out our detail
And also the 6 day we was on picket at the same plase
And the 7 day we was releaved about twelve oclock And then we marched back about a mile in the woods
And the 8 we stade thar untell about 4 oclock in the eavning And then we started out for Richmond And we marched untell about 10 oclock in the night and we got as far as White Oak Swamp which was about 10 miles from the plase whar we started
And the 9 day we started again about 4 oclock and we got in about 3 miles of Richmond And then we moved up in about a mile and a half of Richmond and taken up camp and the 11 we got sum flages and put them up And Mr. I. H. Compton ar- rived at our camp today on a viset
And the 12 day we still stade in camp And also the 13 we stade in camp and Mr. I. H. Compton left our camps today for home for him. And we still staid at Richmond untell the 7 of August And then we left thar And marched about four miles toward Ashland And when we stopt it was dark And then our company had to go about 5% miles futher to stand picket and it was 12 oclock in the knight when we got to the plase whar we we was to stand:
And the next morning we was releived and we had to go back to our Regiment again :
And the 9 day we started out again about four oclock in the eavning and marched untell about one oclock in the knight
24 James Sprunt Historical Publications
And when we stopt we was about thre miles beyond Ashland which was about 15 miles from the plase whar we started from
And the 10 day we started again about 4 oclock and we went as far as Hanover Junction which was about 6 miles
And the 11 day we started in the morning and marched about 5 miles down clost to a little river and stopt again to take up camp
And the 14 day our Regt left thar and marched up toward Gordensvill And I was not able to go with them so they ex- cused me and started me back to the Hospital clost to Richmond And we had to walk to Hanover Junction which was about 4 miles And we had to stay thar all next day for we could not get eny cars to tak us eney f uther
And the 16 day we got on the cars about 8 oclock and got to the Hospital about 11 And then I staid at the Hospital untell the 2 day of September And then I taken the cars at Rich- mond and got as far as Gordensvill the first day
And the 3 day we rode on the cars as far as Rapadan River and Bridg was burnt thar and then we had to walk from thar to our Regiment And it was 115 miles to Winchester And 35 from thar to the Reg. but we left Rapadan the 4 day and walked up the railroad to Culpeper Coathouse which was 12 miles from Rapadan River
And the 5 day we taken the turnpike road and marched as far as Warrenton Springs which was 18 miles from Culpeper
And the 6 day we got to Warrenton about 12 oclock which was 7 miles from Warrenton Springs And by nite we got to a littel Town by the name of Baultimore And it was 5 miles from Warrenton
And the 7 day we got to a littel town by the name of Hay- market about 12 oclock And we dident get but about 4 miles futher that day for we had to stop to get sompthing to eat
And the 8 day we got as far as Aldie and it was about 15 miles from Haymarket
And the 9 day we got to Leasburg and it was about 12 miles from Aldie
And the 10 day we past threw a littel town by the name of
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 25
Hamelton and it was about 5 miles west of Leasburg And the 11 day we got to Snigerville about nite and it was 10 miles from Hamilton.
And the 12 day we crost over the Blew ridge in the morning and about 10 oclock we crost Shandal River and it was about 4 miles from Snigersville And by nite we got to Berrysville and it was 5 1/2 miles from Shanandoah
And the 13 day we got to Windchester and it was about 10 miles from Berryville
And then we stade at Windchester untell the 16 and then we started to Harpersferry and we got as far as Berryville the first day and then taken the left hand road and got as far as Charles- town the 17 day
And the 18 day we crost the Potomac at Shepards town about nite and it was 24 miles from Berryville
And the 19 day we crost back again and got as far as Charles- town by night and the 20 day we got to Berryville again
And the 21 we travaild untell we got in 4 miles of Windches- ter and then taken the wright hand road to go to Martinsburg and we past by the Burnt Factory and got as far as Jordons Sulphur Springs by night.
And the 22 day we got to a littel town by the name of Buck- town and the 23 day we got to our Reg. and it was clost to Martinsburg and Martinsburg was about 22 miles from Wind- chester
And then the 27 the Regiment left thar and marched in five miles of Windchester
The 22 of October was cool and very windy indeed and the 23 was clear and cool and we had a General revew
And the 24 we left our old camp and marched about a mile near to Windchester to pease of woods and taken camps in them again
And the 28 we left thar for Culpeper and got as far as Shanadoah River the first day
And the 30 day the fields was white with froust and about sun up we waded the River at Front Royal and by night we got as far as a littel town by the name of Flint Hill
26 James Sprunt Historical Publications
And the 31 day we marched all day and got in five miles of Culpeper by nite
And the first day of November we got to Culpeper
And the second day which was the sabath I went to meating at Culpeper And the preachers text was in St : John 16 chapter 7.8.9.10 and 11 virses
And the 3 day we marched over to the old battel field at Sedar Run which was about 3 miles from Culpeper and stopt again for camp
And the 7 day it snowed
And the 8 day the Second and 11 Myssissippians left our Bregaid and the 54 and 57 N. C. taken thir plases
And the 9 day was a very cool day
And the 10 day was a pritty one indeed and thar was a very hevy canonading cept up all day sum whar between Culpeper and "Windchester and we had orders to cook rashions and ex- pected to be cauld on evry minnet but was not
And the 18 day we left Culpeper for Fredericks and the first day we was as far as Rapidan River by nite and we marched all day threw the rain and mud the 20 and also the 21 and the 22 we got to Fredericks about 12 o'clock
And the 5 day of December it raind all day and about night it eomenced snowing and snowed untell it was about a inch and a half deep on the ground And the 6 day and 7 was very cool indeed
And the 11 day the too signerl guns was fyerd just befour day and we was run out in a line of battel and kept so all day and the Yankees crost over the River that day
And the 12 day we was marched around to the left of our armey and was expecting to have to fight every minnet but did not for thar was no fiting don except the pickets and canonading
And the 13 we was marched back to the wright and laid in a line of battel all day under the Yankees shells but non of ous got hurt
And that nite we was sent to the front on picket and laid clost to the enemey all nite and went marching about day we eomenced fyring at them and cept it up all day and there was about 15 kild and wounded in our Best : but non kild in our
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 27
Company, B. Richmond and P. S. Donahan was slightly wounded and that nite we marched back in the woods And we staid thar all day the next day and at nite we had to bild ous sum brest works
And the next morning which was the 16 General Hood came riding up and said well Boys you all did such great works hear last nite that you scard the Yankees on the other side of the river but we staid thar all day
And the next morning which was the 17 we marched back to our old camps
And the 24 day was cool and cloudy and it was wash day with me.
And the 25 which was Christmas morning was foggy but soon cleard off and was a pritty day but I dident have nothing to drink nor no young ladies to talk too so I seen but little fun
And the 26 was a warm cloudy day and me and M. Walker went to the depot
And the 27 we and Lewis Smith went back to the Depot and after nite I went to the show to see the Monkey.
And the 28 day was clear and warm and Preacher Miller of Company C. preached for ous in the evening and his text was in 126 Psalms and third virse the Text was this The Lord hath done great things for us : Whereof we are glad :
And the 29 day was a prity warm sunshiney day And I was on divishion gard at General Hoods headquarters
And the 30 day was warm and cloudy but no rain
And the 31 day which was the last day of 1862 was cool and cloudy and our Regiment had muster inspection in the day and at nite our Company had to go on picket gard down the bank of the Rapahanok River whar we was in about a hundred yards of the Yankees pickets they was on one side of the river and we was on the other we was in talken distence but our officer would not alow ous to talk they would cum down on the bank and hollow to ous and say if we would bring the boat over that they would come over on our side and have a talk. So that was the last of our works for the year 1862.
Bartlett Y. Malone
Co. H. 6th N. C. Regiment
THIS IS FOR THE YEAR 1863
The Month of January
The first day of January was a pritty day and our Company was on picket down on the Rapahanock River about a mile and a half below Fredericksburg Va.
And the 2 day was also a nice one
And also the 3 was a pritty day
And the 4 day was a pritty warm day and we all was on Bregaid inspection the 4th.
And the 5 day was warm and looked like the spring of the year and we was all on Bregaid Drill the 5 day down on the old Battel field.
And the 6 day was cloudy and raind a littel
And the 7 day was clear and cool and we all was in General Revew
And the 8 day was cloudy and cool
And the 9 day was clear and cool and we all was on Divishion revew again General Hood was our revewing Officer
And the 10 day was cloudy and raind all day long
And the 11 was cloudy and cool
And the 12 clay was a pritty day
And also the 13
And the 14 was warm and cloudy and we built a chimly to our tent today
And the 15 day was warm but very winday and R. H. Wells started home this morning on a furlogh
And the 16 day was a very pritty warm day and we had orders to cook too days rations we was expecting the Yankees to cross the River again but they did not
And the 17 day was clear but very col indedd :
And the 18 was cool
And the 19 was warm and I was en gard
And the 20 was cloudy and cool
And the 21 was a very cool and raney day,
And also the 22 day was raney and very cool.
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 29
And the 23 day was cloudy in the morning and cleared off warm about an hour befour the sun set
And the 24 day was warm and cloudy and the old Bludy 6th and 54 and 56 N. C. Regt was transferrd from the old 3 bregaid which was comanded by General Law (E. M. Law) to the 7 Bregaid which was comanded by General Hoik (R. F. Hoke).
And the 25 day was cloudy and raind a littel in the morn- ing about 12 olclock and we got to General Hoik (Hoke) Bre- gaid about 11 oclock which was 15 miles from General Lows (Law's) Bregaid whar we started from:
And the 26 day was warm and cloudy
And the 27 was a very raney day indeed
And when I got up the morning of the 28 it was a snowing and it snowed all day long
And the 29 day was clear and cool and the snow was about 10 inches deep on the ground
And the 30th was clear and cool
And the 31 was pritty and Mr. Mitchel Johnston and Mr. John Evans arrived at our camp today on a visit.
The Month of February 1863
The first day of February which was the Sabath was a pritty spring day
And the 2 day was cloudy and raind in the morning but clear and very windy in the eavning
And the 4 day was cloudy cool and windy
And the 5 day it Snowed in the morning and raind in the eavning
And the 6 day was raney
And the 7 clear and warm
And the 8 day which was the Sabath was a beautyfull spring like day
And the 9 was also prity and
And the 10th day was snowing and also the 11 was
And the 12th was a pretty warm day.
The the 13 was clear and cool.
30 James Sprunt Historical Publications
And the 14th was cool and clear.
And the 15 was warm
And the 16 was warm and clear
And the 17 was a snowey day and we all had to go on picket down at Port Royal.
And the 18th it raind all day long and the snow nearly all melted of by nite and we still stade on picket
And the 19th was cloudy but no rain and we returned to our Regiment
And the 20 was warm and clear
The 21 was warm and clear
The 22 was a very bad day it snowed and the wind blew all day and at nite the snow was about a foot deep.
And the 23 day was warm and clear but the snow dident melt no great deal
And the 24 was warm and General Stokes Bregaid and General Lautons (Lawton?) had a snow ballen
And the 25 was a warm sunshiney day
And the 26 was a raney day and nearley all of the snow was gone by nite.
And the 27 was warm and cloudy and our Brass Ban got back from Richmond.
And the 28 which was the last day of February was coal and cloudy. And Mr. Portland Baley of Company D. 6th Regi- ment N. C. Troops was shot to death to day at 2 oclock with musketry.
Now the dark days of winter is gon And the bright days of Spring is come.
B. Y. Malone.. The Month of March.
The first day of March was coal and raney in the morning and in the eavning it was clear and very windy And the 2 day was a beautyfull Spring day.
And the 3 day was a beautyfull one and our Regiment left the old camp clost to Port Royal and marched back clost to Fredericksburg and taken camp again clos to the one we left
The 16 day of March was cloudy and coal And Mr. Stons
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 31
in Co. F. 57 N. C. Regiment was shot to death to day with musketry.
The 17th of March the Yanks crossed the Raphanock River at Keleys foad and our calvry whipt them back.
And the 20 was cloudy in the morning and snowed a littel in the eavning and Mr. I. H. Compton arived at our camp today on a visit And the 21 it Snowed untell it was about 3 inches deep on the ground
And the 22 the snow all melted off And Mr. Compton and Johnston left camp today for home.
The last day of March the Snow was about 3 inches deep on the ground.
The Month of April (May and June)
The 4 day April was cloudy and coal in the day and after nite it comenced Snowing And the morning of the 5 the Snow was about 3 inches deep on the ground and five companys of our Regt had to go on picket down on the Raphanock River
And the 6 day was clear and warm and the snow nearly all melted of by nite and we still staid on picket and the 7 day we retired to our camps.
The 18 day which was the Sabath was a beautyfull Spring day and General Jackson s preacher preached in our camps and his text was in Hebrews 3 chapter and part of the 7 and 8 virses the words was this : To day if ye will hear his voice harden not your harts.
The 23 day was raney and we had orders about nite to cook too days rations thar was sum few Yankees crossed over the river at Port Royal and taken a wagon or too from our men but they soon went back and our Regt dident have to leave the camp
The 26 day of April which was the Sabath was a beautyfull day And I went to meating at General Jackson Headquarters And the Preacher taken part of the 16th chapter of Luke com- mencen at the 18 virse for the foundation of what remarks he made And in the eavning we had preachen in our Regiment from a preacher in the 18th Virginia Regiment. And his text
32 James Sprunt Historical Publications
was in Proverbs 18th chapter and the later clause of the 24th virse which reads thus : Ther is a friend that sticketh closter than a brother :
The morning of the 28 befour I got up I herd a horse come threw the camp in a full lope and it was not meney minutes untell the man come back and sais Boys you had better get up we will have a fight hear to reckly and I comenced geting up and befour I got my close on they comenced beating the long roal and it was not but a minnet or too untill I herd the Adger- tent hollow fall in with amies the Reg : then was formed and marched to the Battel field the Yankies comenced crossing the river befour day and by day they had right smart force over the pickets fought sum on the 29 and a good deel of canonading was don and it raind sum in the eavning
The morning of the 30th it was a railing and evry thing was very still untill about twelve oclock it ceased railing about ten o'clock they comenced cannonading and cept it up untill dark
The first morning of May 63 our Regiment had to go in front on picket it was very foggy in the morning but soon got clear as soon as the fog was off we found the Yankees had a very strong line of Scirmishers in about 5 hundred yards of ours we cood see a great meney Yankees on the other side of the river but we couldent tell how meney was on this side we could hear very hevy canonading up the river in the eavning It is repoted that our men and the Yankees was a fyting at Keleys Foad :
The 2 day of May was a very pritty day and our Regiment was relieved from picket about day and fell back to our brest works again our men fyerd on the Yankies from too Batterys about 10 o'clock and the Yankies returned the fyer from one Battery it was kept up about a hour but no damedge don as I have herd of we can still hear tbem a fyting at Keley's Foad
And about 5 o'clock in the eavning we could see the Yankees a marchen up on the other side of the river by regiments and most all went back from on this Side of the river and General Earley thought that they was all a going back and taken all of his men but a Louisiana Bregaid and started to reinforce Gen- eral Lea And about the time we had gone 6 miles they come
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 33
orders that the Yankees was atvancen again whar we had left And then we had to turn back and march all the way back about 10 o'clock in the nite. And the next morning which was the 3 day our men comenced Burning (bombing) the Yankees and they returned the fyer and ther was right smart canonading and picketing don untell about 12 o'clock and then for sum cause we was all ordered to fall back about a half of a mile to our last breast works but as soon as dark come we marched about 2 miles up the River.
And the next day which was the 4 we was marching about first from one plais to a nother a watching the Yankees untell about a hour by sun and the fight was opend our Bregaid went in and charged about a half of a mile and just befour we got to the Yankee Battery I was slitley wounded above the eye with a peas of a Bumb non was kild in our company. Lieutenant Walker was slitley wounded in the side. I. R. Allred was wounded in the arm hat to have it cut off. I. E. Calmond was slitley wounded in the arm. I. L. Evins had his finger shot off — the fift day we found the Yankees had all gon back on the other side of the River and we marched back down to the old camp ground and taken up camp again
The 10 day of May which was the second Sunday was a very pretty day and I went to headquarters to preaching and the preachers text was in Romans the 8th chap and 28 virse the words was this : And we know that all things work together for good to them that love God. And General Jackson died to day which is the 10th day of May
The 17 and 18 days was pritty and warm and our Regiment was on picket down on the Raphanoc and the 18th we got back to the camp :
And again the 25th we had to go on picket And the 27 we got back about 12 oclock and in a few minuets after we got back we had to go on a General Revew General R. E. Lea revewed General Earleys Divishion.
The last day of May we had marchen orders and after nite Mr. Tassett preached in our Regt his text was in St. Johns 3 chapt & 16th virse.
34 James Sprunt Historical Publications
The 4th day of June about 11 Oclock in the nite we left our old camp clost to Fredericksburg and marched twar Culpeper and bout 6 O'clock the 5th day we got to Spotsylvaney Coat- house and about 2 o'clock in the eavning we stopt for to camp for the nite after marchen about 20 miles that day And the 6th day we stade in camp untell about 2 0 'clock in the eavning for General Hils core was a fiting at Fredericksburg the Yankees crossed ther after they found out that we had left we marched about 8 miles the 6th day and it raind on ous very hard befour we taken up camp.
And the 7th day we started on our march about sun up and about 12 o'clock we waded Rapadan River at Rackoon Foad and about 4 O'clock in the eavning we stopt to camp again in about 5 miles of Culpeper Coathouse.
The 8th day we marched up to Culpeper and stopt to cook Rations The 8 day we staid at Culpeper untell about 3 0 'clock in the eavning and then we was ordered down to Brandy Sta- tion about 4 miles from Culpeper whar the Calvry hat bin fiting all day and we staid all nite and the next morning we found that the Yankees had all gon back on the other Side of the River and we marched back to Culpeper again and cooked another days rations and about 3 O'clock in the eavning we started again in the direction of AVinchester and we got as far as Hasel Run (Hazel Run or Deep Run) by nite And the next morning which was the 11th we started about sun up and about 9 O'clock we got to a littel town cauld Woodwin and whilst we was a passen threw the 6th N. C. Brass Ban plaid the Bonnie Blew Flag. And about eleven O'clock we got to a littel town cauld Sperysvill 5 miles from Woodwin And about 2 O'clock in the eavning we past threw Washington and ther we found a meney pritty and kind Ladies they had water all along the streets for the Soldiers to drink and we dident go but a few miles futher untell we stopt for the nite after going about 20 miles that day.
And the morning of the 12th we started about sun up and about 3 o'clock in the eavning we crossed over the Blew Ridg and past threw a littel town cauld Front Royal and about a
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 35
mile from ther we waded the Shonadoak River and taken up camp on the other bank that nite.
And the morning of the 13th we started at day and when we got in 12 miles of Winchester we found that the Yankees was at New Town on the Pike road running from Winchester to Strawsburg (Strasburg) 7 miles from Winchester and we turnd and went by ther and caught up with the Yankees about half way from ther to Winchester and attacked them and drove them back about a mile by nite
And the next morning which was the 14th General Hooks (Hoke) Bregaid and General Smith and Hoses (?) all moved around to the west of Winchester and taken 20 peases of artil- lery with ous and when we got opersit the Yankees work the artillery taken ther position and about 3 o'clock in the eavning our Baterys opend on them taken them on surprise and General Hares ( ? ) and General Smith Bregaid charged on them and taken their first line of brest works befour nite And General Johnstons (Johnson) Divishion was a fiting them on the other Sid clost to town
And the next morning which was the 15th the Yankees had left their works and was a trying to make thir escape toward Martinsburg but about day they run up on General Johnstons divishion about 5 miles from town wher three Regt of them was maid to stack thir armes and a grate meney kild and wounded we then marched down to whar Johnston fought them that morning and stopt and staid ther all day
And the next morning about 10 o 'clock our Regt was marched back to Winchester for Provost gard and about a hour befour sun down I was sent to Taylor's Hotell with 10 men to gard the Yankees Prisoners And I staid ther the next day and also the next
And the next morning which was the 18th I was relievd about 9 O'clock and started after my Regiment and about 3 o 'clock in the eavning we got to Smithfield and by nite we got to a littel plais cauld Leas Town which was 22 miles from Win- chester and we staid ther all nite and the next morning we over-
36 James Sprunt Historical Publications
taken our Regiment about five miles from ther wher we staid all day
And the next day we staid ther
And the 22th we taken up a line of march again about day and about 7 o'clock we past threw Shepardstown and ther waded the Potomac and landed in Maryland about 8 oclock And about 3 miles from ther we past threw Sharpsburg And about 3 miles from ther we past threw Ketersvill And about 3 miles from ther we past threw Boonesboro and about 3 miles from ther we stopt to camp.
The 23 we left about day and when we had gon about 4 miles we come to Beversvill and about 7 miles from ther we past threw Coverstown And about a mile from ther we past threw Smithburg whar we found a good meney Secesh And about 2 miles from ther we got to a littel town cauld Ringgoal wright war the line run between M. D. & Pa. And about 2 miles from ther we stopt to camp and cook rations closs to Wainsboro.
The morning of the 24 we left about 7 oclock and after marching about 5 miles we come to a town cauld Quincy And about 3 miles from ther we past threw Funktown and about 4 miles from ther we got to Greenswood whar we taken up camp for the nite but our company had to go on gard at a town cauld Faytvill about 2 miles off.
The morning of the 25th I got a Splendid breakfast in Fayt- ville And about 2 Oclock in the eavning we was releaved and went back to the Regt :
And the next morning which was the 26th we had orders to leave at day break but it was a railing so hard we dident leave untell about 8 oclock and it dident Still sease railing but raind all day but we got as far as Momenburg by nite which was 14 miles from wher we left in the morning And our Calvery taken a 135 prisners clost to the lettel town
The 27 we left about 6 oclock and after marching about 6 miles we come to a town cauld Hunterstown And about 4 miles from ther we got to New Chester And 3 miles from ther we
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 37
got to Hampton And 3 miles from ther we got to Berlin wher we taken camp for the nite
The 28th we left at sun up and about 12 oclock we got to Yolk which was 12 miles from Berlin :
The 29th we stade at Yolk in the Yankees Hospital.
The 30th we left at day break and taken the same road back that we com And about 12 oclock we got back to Berlin again And when we stopt for nite we was about 20 miles from Yolk :
The Month of July
The first morning of July we left earley and about 12 oclock we got to Gatersburg (Gettysburg) which was about 10 miles from wher we started in the morning And when we got there we found the Yankies was ther And in a few minutes after we got ther we was ordered to the feal Our Bregaid and Gen- eral Haser (Hays) charged the enemy and soon got them routed and run them threw the town and then we stopt
In our Company George Lyon Marshal Walker and Thomas Richard got kild And Sidney Hensby Anderson Plesant D. A. Walker Garababel Grimstead William Dunervant & Bedford Sawyers was wounded
The 2 day we laid in a line of battel at the Same plais And the enemies picket a firing on us all day Thomas Miles kild on picket Shot in the head And about Sun down our Bregaid and Hoser was ordered to charge just in frund and take the enemes Batterys we charged and succeeded in driven the Infantry from behind two stone fences and got part of the Batterys But it was soon so dark and so much smoke that we couldent see what we was a doing And the enemy got to geather again and we had no reinforcement and we had to fall back to our old posi- tion Colonel I. E. Avry (Avery) was kild in the charge in our company non kild Andrew Thompson Franklin Wells and R. Y. Vaughn was wounded And Michagels Miles misen
The 3 morning we went back in town and laid in a line of battel all day in the Streets And ther was a great deel of flting don that day but our Divishion was not cauld on
38 James Sprunt Historical Publications
The nex morning about a hour befour day we went back about a mile from town and staid ther all day
The morning of the 5 we left befour day and it a raining as hard as it could poor and marched in the direction of Hagerds- town and didnt get but about 6 miles all day for the Yanks calvry kep a running up on ous all day
And the 6th we left at day and about 2 oclock we got to Wainsboro and we past threw town and then stopt to cook rations
The 7th we taken the road to Hagerdstown which was 10 miles from Wainsboro And about 2 oclock in the eavning we got ther and taken up camp
The 8th day it raind very hard and we still stade at the same plais the 8 we staid ther and the 10 we staid at the same place until about a hour by sun And then started and past threw town and went about a mile toward Williamsport and stopt and staid all nite
The 11th we taken our position in a peas of woods and after nite built brest works
The 12th we staid behind our works and no fiting don except sum picketing And after nite we was ordered to the wright And was marched down in rear of A. P. Hills old Divishion
The 13th we staid ther untill dark and then started to re- treet back across the Potomac And it was about 6 miles to the river and it was a raning very hard And we was a moving all nite and the next morning about sun up we waded the Potomac at Williamsport and it was waist deep And then we marched about 6 miles and stopt to cook rations
The 15th we marched about 7 miles and stopt at nite clost to Martinsburg And the 16th we marched up to Darksvill and stopt again And we still staid at Darksvill untell about a hour by sun and marched to the Alagater mountain by 10 Oclock in the nite :
The 21 we left at day break and crost the mountain And marched as far as Hedgersvill by 2 Oclock in the eavning which was 25 miles we expected to bag the Yankees at plais but when we got ther they was all gon ;
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 39
The 22th we left Hedgersvill and marched back to Bunker- hill whitch was 18 miles.
The 23 we marched and about 10 oclock we marched threw Winchester and taken the road to Culpeper and marched about
5 miles and stopt for the nite :
The 24th we marched near the Shanadoah River and found that the Yankees had got possession of the gap in the Blew Ridg
And then we taken the write and come in to the Winchester and Stanton Road at Middeltown 5 miles from Strawsburg and we stopt at nite clost to Strawsburg which was 23 miles from wher we started at in the morning
The 25th we marched all day toward Stanton and travild about 18 miles and stopt clost to Edensburg :
The 26th we past threw Hawkenstown and 2 miles from ther we come to Mount Jackson and we marched as far as New Market and stopt fer the nite
The 27th we left the Stanton road and taken a road that led to Gordensvill : we crost over the Shanadoah mountian and crost the Shanadoah river on Pontoon Bridges and when we stopt at nite we was at the foot of the Blew Ridg which was 18 miles from Newmarket
The 28th we crost over the Blew Ridg which was 14 miles across it
The 29th we marched up to Maderson coathouse whitch was
6 miles and stopt and taken up camp
The 30 we staid at the same plais
The 31st we left at one Oclock and marched down between Culpeper and Gordensvill
A list of Co. H. Sargants.
|
1 Johnston I. H. |
4 Hester N. W. |
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2 Rudd A. P. |
5 Malone B. Y. |
|
3 Bauldin W. H. |
|
|
Corporel |
|
|
1 Murrie W. W. |
3 Walker M. H. |
|
2 Biele C. |
4 Tompson A. J, |
40
James Sprunt Historical Publications
|
Privat |
||
|
1 Aldridg I. H. |
35 |
Miles J. S. |
|
2 Anderson Q. T. |
36 |
Moore A. |
|
3 Aired J. B. |
37 |
Malone H. |
|
4 Bivins M |
38 |
Murrey T |
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5 Brincefield A. J. |
39 |
Mckinnie Murphy B. P |
|
6 Brankin I |
40 |
Mosey J. W. |
|
7 Boswell T |
41 |
Oliver J. S. |
|
8 Cooper W. H. |
42 |
Olver T |
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9 Coving-ton I. E. |
43 |
Plesant A. M. |
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10 Compton I. B. |
44 |
Page F. |
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11 Colmond J. E. |
45 |
Roberson J. |
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12 Cape T. H. |
46 |
Rudd E. |
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13 Chatham C |
47 |
Richmond W. |
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14 Donoho S. |
48 |
Richmond T. |
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15 Dunervant I. |
49 |
Rigan N. |
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16 Dunervant W. |
50 |
Simpson F. |
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17 Evins T. H. |
51 |
Swift R. |
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18 Enoch R. H. |
52 |
Smith L. |
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19 Fauller I |
53 |
Swift H. A. |
|
20 Fitch G. S. |
54 |
Stadler G. |
|
21 Grimsteard G. |
55 |
Subfield R, |
|
22 Hensley S |
56 |
Snips J. C. |
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23 Hensley A |
57 |
Tucker A. |
|
24 Huges W. A. |
58 |
Vaughn R. Y. |
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25 Hooper N |
59 |
Williams J. W. |
|
26 Johnston I. H. |
60 |
Williams J. R. |
|
27 Kersey L. |
61 Walker John |
|
|
28 King S |
62 |
Walker W. S. |
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29 Lyon G. |
63 |
Walker J. H. |
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30 Lyon I. H. |
64 Walker D. A. |
|
|
31 Loyd I. W. |
65 Walker W. T. |
|
|
32 Lewis C. |
66 Wells M. |
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33 Miles M. |
67 Wells W. F. |
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34 Miles T. C. |
68 |
Wren W. |
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 41
Bartlett Y. Malones, Book This the 19th of Nov. 1863
Bartlett. Y. Malones Book This is the 18th of Dec. 1863
Bartlett. Y. Malone Seg't. of Co: H.
6th N. C. Regiment
This the 22d of Dec. 1863
And we staid in camp clost to Rappidan Station untell the 14th of Sept. 63. And the morning of the 14th we was rousted up and gave orders to cook one days rations. And about sun up we started to meat our enemy and we met them at Sumers- vill foad on the Rappidan River which was about 5 miles from our old camps. We had not bin there long untell our enemy comenced throwing bumbs amung us but as soon as our Bat- terys got position and fired a few shots the yanks all left the field. And the 15th we laid in the woods all day. No fiting don but some canonading and picketing but at dark our Reg't went on picket down at the foad. The 16th as soon as lite our men comenced firing at the Yanks and they at us and kept it up all day about 10 o'clock in the day Capt. Pray of Co. D & Lieut Brown of Co. E and 18 men voluntierd and went up the river and crost in a littel Boat and Slipt up to some old houses and fierd at the Yanks & run about 200 of them out of their works and captured a horse severl good Guns Blankets another trick and then crost back and never got a man hirt. They kild 4 or 5 of the Yanks & wounded 4 which they taken prisners. We got 4 wounded in our Reg't. dewing the day. At nite we was relieved by the 57th N. C. Reg't. The 17th no fiting don except a few picket shots evry now an then at the foad.
Evry thing was quiet then untell the 5th day of Oct. 63. And the 5th day of Oct. about tenn Oclock we was ordered to fall in at a moment and then marched to our post and taken our position in a line of battel. And we remaind so untell nite and then was marched back to our camps again. The Yanks
42 James Sprunt Historical Publications
could be seen mooving about from a hight on our side of the river. Our Generals surposed that they was agoing to make an efert to cross. But they did not : they was onley moving camps: All was quiert then untell the 8th. The 8th day we left our camps about dark and marched about 2 miles and stopt and staid all nite. The 9th day we marched up to Orange C. H. by 12 o'clock: then taken the road to Maderson C. H. (Madison) marched 6 or 7 miles and stop for nite again.
The 10th we got to Maderson by 4 o 'clock in the eavning and crost Roberson River at 3 and then marched about 4 miles futher toward Culpeper and stopt for nite our Cavalry had a littel fite in the eavning at the River taken about one hundred prisners. The 11th we marched toward Culpeper and got in 6 miles and stopt and cooked 3 days rations, it was 20 miles from Maderson C. H. to Culpeper C. H.
The 12th we had orders to leave at 2 o 'clock : A. M. but did not leave untell day we marched on then untell we was in 2 miles of Culpeper. And then taken the left and came in the Warrenton road at Pickersvill And there we waded Haselrun and marched on to the Rappahannock River and campt clost to Warrenton Spring. The 13th we marched up to Warrenton and stopt and cooked 2 days rations : The 14th we left for Bristol but had to drive our enemey befour us our Cavalry was fiting them allday and some times the Infantry, our Divishion don a great deal of hard marchen had to dubbelquick nearly one third of our time. A. P. Hill Corps overtaken the Yanks at Bristol Station and had a littel fite : we did not get ther in time to be ingaged
The 15th the Yanks had all fell back to Sentervill (Center- ville) we did not go eney further our Cavalry folerd them and taken severl Prisners.
The 16th we tore up the Railroad
The 17th we staid in camp clost to Bristol Station.
The 18th we left at 3 o'clock in the nite for Rappahannock and got as far as Beattoe Station by nite.
The 18th we marched to the Rappahannock and crost and went in camps between the river and Brandy Station
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 43
The 28th our Reg't went on picket on the Rappahannock The 29th we was relieved The 30th we had bregaid drill The 31st had muster inspection
The Month of November (and December)
The 5th day of Nov. General Lea & Governer Letcher of Va. revewed General Stuart Cavalry clost to our camps
The 6th we was paid off And paid up to the first day of November, 1863.
The 7th about 2 o 'clock in the eavning orders came to fall in with armes in a moment that the enemy was atvancen. Then we was doubbelquicked down to the river (which was about 5 miles) and crost and formed a line of battel in our works and the yanks was playing on ous with thir Artillery & thir skir- mishers a fyring into ous as we formed fyring was kept up then with the Skirmishers untell dark. And about dark the yanks charged on the Louisianna Bregaid which was clost to the Bridg and broke thir lines and got to the Bridge we was then cutoff and had to Surender: was then taken back to the rear and staid thir untell next morning The morning of the 8th we was marched back to Warrenton Junction and got on the cars and about day next morning we got to Washington we then staid in "Washington untel 3 o'clock in the eavning of the 8th then was marched down to the Warf and put on the Sterner John Brooks and got to Point Lookout about one 0 'clock on the eavning of the 10th day of November 1863. The names of the men that was taken prisner when I was belonging to Co. H. was Capt. Lea Lieut. Hill W. H. Bowldin N. W. Hester W. W. Murrie C. Rile H. Malone I. R. Aldridge L. T. Anderson A. I. Brincefield I. E. Covington T. Y. Compton I. C. Chatham T. H. Evans G. R. Grimstead W. A. Hughs N. Hooper H. Kersey A. More W. D. Richmond P. Simpson R. Swift L. Sawers H. Roscoe A. Tucker John Walker W. S. Walker W. P. Wells 1. Wren S. Hensley And Segt. A. P. Rudd
Our rations at Point Lookout was 5 crackers and a cup of coffee for Breakfast. And for dinner a small ration of meat 2
44 James Sprunt Historical Publications
crackers three Potatoes and a cup of Soup. Supper we have non. We pay a dollar for 8 crackers or a chew of tobacco for a cracker.
A Yankey shot one of our men the other day wounded him in the head shot him for peepen threw the cracks of the planken
The last day of November was very coal indeed and the Yanks had inspection of ous Rebels. One of the Yankee Sen- tinerls shot one of our men the other morning he was shot in the head : soon died.
All the wood we get to burn at Point Lookout is one sholder tirn of pine brush every other day for a tent 16 men to every tent
The 16th of Dec. 63 a Yankey Captain shot his Pistel among our men and wounded 5 of them; sence one has died — he shot them for crowding arond the gate. The captain 's name that shot was Sids. Him and Captain Patison and Segt. Finegan was the 3 boss men of the prisoners camp.
The 24th of Dec. 63 was a clear day but very cool. And Generl Butler the Yankey beast revewed the prisners camp :
The 25th was Christmas day and it was clear and cool and I was boath coal and hungry all day onley got a peace of Bread and a cup of coffee for Breakfast and a small Slice of Meat and a cup of Soup and five Crackers for Dinner and Supper I had non :
The 26th was clear and cool and dull for Christmas
The 28th was cloudy and rained a littel The 28th was a raney day.
The 29th was cloudy in the morning and clear in the eav- ning. And Jeferson Walker died in the morning he belonged to the 57th N. C. Regt. The 30th was a beautyfull day.
The 31st which was the last day of 63 was a raney day. And maby I will never live to see the last day of 64. And thairfour I will try and do better than I have. For what is a man profited if he shal gain the whole world and loose his one Soul : Or what Shal one give in exchange for his Soul :
B. Y. Malone.
B. Y. MALONE'S BOOK
FOR THE YEAR 1864
I spent the first day of January 64 at Point Lookout M. D. The morning was plesant but toward eavning the air changed and the nite was very coal, was so coal that five of our men froze to death befour morning. We all suffered a great deal with coal and hunger too of our men was so hungry to day that they caught a Rat and cooked him and eat it. Thir names was Sergt. N. W. Hester & I. C. Covington.
The 6th was coal and cloudy and we had 9 men to die at the Hospital to day. Our beds at this plaice is composed of Sea feathers that is we geather the small stones from the Bay and lye on them
The 7th was very cool a small Snow fell after nite
The 10 was a nice day and I saw the man to day that makes Coffens at this plaice for the Rebels and he sais that 12 men dies here every day that is averidgs 12
The Commander at this point is named Marsto
The 22th day of January 64 was a very pritty day And it was my birth day which maid me 25 years of age I spent the day at Point Lookout. M. D. And I feasted on Crackers and Coffee The two last weeks of January was beautyfull weather
The Month of February. 64 The first day of February was warm but cloudy and Sum rain :
Be content with such things as you have : For he hath said I will never leave the nor forsake thee So we may boldly say the Lord is my helper and I will not fear what man shall do unto me
There fell a Small Snow the morning of the third Sergt. A. P. Rudd & Gidney King arived at Point Lookout from Washington the 4th. We changed Cook houses on the 7th of Feb.
The 14th of Feb was a pritty day And the Yankes Sirched the Prison Camp the Rebels was all sent out side under gard.
46 James Sprunt Historical Publications
And then they sirched and taken evry mans Blanket that had more then one. And taken evry other little trick that the Rebels had. They found too Boats that the Rebs had maid.
375 Officers arived at Point Lookout from Jonstan Isle the 14th of Feb. The Yankey papers say that they are having a Gun maid that weighs 115,000 lbs. 21 ft. long carries a Ball that weighs 1000 Lbs and a shell that weighs 700 lbs.
The 17th it was so coal that we all had to lye down and rap up in our Blankets to keep from freazing for we had no wood to make us a fire.
The 18th it was so coal that a mans breath would freaze on his beard going from the Tent to the Cookhouse. O, it was so coal the 18th
The 20th was pleasant and General Butler the Beast re- vewed the Prison Camp again for the Second time
The 24th was a beautyfull day And too of the Rebs got kild the nite of the 24th attempting to get away : We was garded at Point Lookout by the second fifth and twelfth New- hampshire Regiments untell the 25th of Feb : And then the 26th N. C. Negro Regiment was plaised gard over ous
A Yankey preacher preached to the Rebels the 26th day of Feb : 1864 : His text was in first Corinthian 16 chap and 22th virse The words was this : If any man love not the Lord Jesus Christ let him be Anathema Maren athas That is let him be acursed when the Lord shal come
The Month of March
The first day of March was coal and raney : And our Com- pany was examined on the Oath question evry man was taken in the House one at a time and examioned : the questions asked me was this : Do you wish to take the Oath and join the U. S. Armey or Navey : or work at govenment work or on Brestworks or Do you wish to take a Parole and go to your home if it be insied of our lines or do you wish to go South I told him I wished to go South : He then asked me my name County State Company & Regiment The 2d two thousen Rebels left Point Lookout M. D. for Dixie :
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 47
The 3d I met with The good luck of geting sum Cloathing from Dixie : 600 Rebels left for Dixie again the 9th.
Another boat load of Rebels left Point Lookout the 16th for Dixie.
250 Officers arived at Point Lookout the 20th
One of our Rebel officers maid me a present of a dollar in greenback (the 21st) he stuch it threw the crack of the planken to me without being asked
The 20h of March a Yankey Sergt : named Young shot one of our Officers for jawing him :
The 22d was very coal and stormey and a while befour nite it comenced snowing and snowed all nite : the snow would avridge 3 inches deep the next morning :
The 25th I went to the cookhouse for a cook :
The Month of April
The first day of April was a very nice day.
The 5th was a very bad day it raind hard snowed and the wind blew the Bay was so high that it overflowed part of the Camp. Some men had to leave thir tents and moove up to the Cook house : There was some men in camp who had been going about of nits and cuting tents and sliping mens Knapsacks Hats Boots and Sumetimes, would get Some money They cut into ours and got money and cloathen all amounting to about one hundred dollars : One nite the Negros was on gard and caught them they was then plaised under gard and made ware a Barrel Shirt (and marched) up and down the Streets with large let- ters on them the letters was this Tent Cutters
The 12th the 3d Maryland Negro Regiment was plaisd on gard around the Prison Camp : When the Negrows first come on gard they wore thir knapsacks and when they was put on poast they puled them off and laid them down at the end of thir lines And Some of our men stole too of them : And when the Negro found it was gone he sais to the next one on post Efrum- Efrum : tell that other Negro w up dar that the white folks has stold my knapsack a redy : The other one sais they have stold mine too but I want caring for the knapsack all I
48 James Sprunt Historical Publications
hate about it is loosing Sophys Garotipe (daguerreotype?) One day too of them was on poast in the Streets and met up at the end of thir lines and comenced fooling with thir Guns what they cauld plaing bayonets they had thir guns cocked preseantly one of thir guns went of and shot the other one threw the brest he fell dead : the other one sais : Jim, Jim get up from dar you are not hurt your just trying to fool me :
The nite of the 18th a negrow Senternel shot one of our men wounded him very bad threw the sholdier
The nite of the 21st a Negro shot in a tent wounded two of our men
The 27th a load of Sick Rebels left Point Lookout M. D. for Dixie.
The 29th a nother Neagro kild him Self. Shot him Self in the mouth with his gun :
The Month of May 64
The 3d day of May 6 hundred Rebels left this plaice for Dixie
The 13th about one hundred prisnors was brought to this plaice they was capturd clost to Petersburg Va.
The 15th 40 prisnors arived at this point captured between Richmond and Petersburg by Gen. Butlers armey
The 17th about one thousin Prisnors arived at this plaice was captured at the wilderness The 17th about 1000 was brought in from General Leas armey
The 18th four hundred more was brought in the camp
The 24th a Neagro Senternal Shot a mung our men kild one and wounded three it is thought that one of the wounded will die :
The 28 four hundred more prisnors arived here "We have Pork and Been Soop to day for dinner Will have beef and Coffee to morrow I believe I will go down in Camp, but the sun is very hot
The Month of June 1864
The first day of June was clear and hot
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 49
The 4th We had Beef and Potato Soop for dinner the Yanks are not a going to give us no more Coffee and Sugar from this on
The 8th 6 hundred Prisnors arived at this point from Gen- eral Leas Armey
The 10th we have Old Bacon to day for dinner for the first time sience we have bin at P.t. Lookout
The 11th 500 more prisnors arived here.
The 18th of June which was three years from the time I vol- untierd was cloudy and cool. And we had Pork and Hominy for dinner There is some talk of moving the Prisnors from this point it is getting to be very sickley here 11 men died at the Hospital yestiday it is said that the water is not healthy
It is reported that General Grant and General Lea are fiting on the South of the James River
From the 20th of June untell the last was very dry and dusty And we would hear good news evry now and then from our Armey Our Rations Still remain Small
July the 1st 1864
The first day of July 1861 I left home And the first day of July 1862 I was in the fight of Malvin Hill And the first day of July 1863 I was in the fight at Gettersburg And today whitch is the first day of July 1864 I am at Point Lookout M. d. It is very plesant to day We had pical Pork for breakfast this morn- ing and for dinner we will have Been Soop
The 4th day of July was a beautyfull day And the Yanks had thir Vesels riged off with flags they had about 34 flags on each Gun Boat about 12 O'clock they fierd Saluts boath from thir land Batry and Gun Boats.
The 13th day of July 13 of our men died at the Hospital And it was repoted that General Ewel was a fiting at Washing- ton And that our Cavalry was in 4 miles of this plaice the Yanks was hurried up sent in all Detailes at 2 O'clock in the eavning and run thir Artilry out in frunt of the Block house and plaised it in position The 14th 500 Rebels taken the Oath and went outside
The last day of July was the Sabath
50 James Sprunt Historical Publications
No man is bornd without folts
Too much of one thing is good for nothin
Cut your Coat accorden to your cloth
All are not Sants who go to Church
All are not theavs that dogs bark at
Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open
A clean glove often hids a dirty hand
Seay what is well and do what is better
He that will steal a pin will steal a better thing
Fear no man and do justice to all men
Evry Cook praises his own stew
Before thou marry be sure of a house wherein to tarry
Evry bodys business is no body's business
Do what you ought come what may
Love cover meney folts.
The race is not always to the swift nor the battel to the strong
You cannot catch old birds with chaff.
A bad workman quarrels with his tools
B. Y. Malone B. Y. Malone Owes cts Q. T. Anderson Paid A. P. Rudd Paid
T. Y. Compton Paid Sergt W. T. Johnson Sergt. Laffoan Samuel Mothers head George Anthony
A Puzzel There is a thing in divers of countrys It neither is land nor Sea It in all sorts of timber And not in eny tree It is neither in Italy But in Rome
It appears twist in evry moment And not once in twenty years
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 51
|
Dew B. Y. Malone |
|
|
Thomas Murray |
$1.00 |
|
John Forast |
$1.00 |
|
W. A. Hughs |
$1.00 |
|
E. W. Rudd |
$1.00 |
|
N. W. Hester Paid |
$5.00 |
|
W. R. Richmond Paid |
$5.00 |
|
T. Y. Compton Paid |
$5.00 |
|
W. F. Wells Paid |
$5.00 |
|
A. I. Brinefield Paid |
$5.00 |
|
L. Kersey Paid |
$5.00 |
|
B. Y. Malone Owes |
|
|
Q. T. Anderson Paid |
$6.50 |
|
A. P. Rudd Paid |
$5.00 |
Bartlett Y. Malone, Soldier of Co. H. 6th N. C. Regiment.
This April the 16th 64 Point Lookout, M. D.
O, that mine eyes might closed be To what becomes me not to see That deafness might possess mine ear To what concerns me not to hear.
Mr. Demill & Co.,
No. 186 Front Street New York City,
N. Y. B. Y. Malones Chirography.
The Month of August 1864
The first day of August was clear and very hot And 700 Rebels left here for Some other new Prison to day A mung them was my Brother A. A.
The 2d day of August I wrote home
The 6th of the month there rose a thunder cloud early in the
52 James Sprunt Historical Publications
morning and raind very hard : there was a whirlwind just out sid of the Prison on the point it blew the Comasary house and Shop down and seven other Buildings it distroyed a good deal wounded four senternels broak ones leg There was but littel wind inside of the Prison
The knight of the 7th A Neagro Senternel Shot one of our men and kild him for no cause attall
The 28th of August a Senternel shot a nother one of our men wounded him very badly it is thought that he will die
The two last days of August cool and plesant
The Month of September
The firs days of September was plesant the Knights was cool but the days was plesant
The 2d day this is And our Rations gets no better we get half a loaf of Bread a day a smal slice of Pork or Beef or Sault Beef for Breakfast for Dinner a cup of Been Soup and Supper we get non Mr. A. Morgan of South Carolina has a vacon Cook House which he has bin teaching School in evry Sience last Spring he is a Christian man he preaches evry Sunday and has prayers evry morning befour School we have a Preacher to evry Division in the Camp Mr. Carrol preaches to our Divi which is the 8th This is the 5th day of the month and we are going to have Been Soup with onions in it to day for dinner we will have Potatoes and Onions boath to morrow the Dr had them sent in here for rebs to se if they would not stop Scirvy My health is very good to day which is the 6th of Sept. 64. But I cannot tell how long it will remain so. for it a railing and very coal to day Aand I have not got eney Shoes
This is the 7th and a pritty day it is and I am laying flat on my back on T. Y. Comptons Bead in Co. G 8th Division Point Lookout M. D.
The 8th was a beautyfull day And I had my Bunk Seting out by the Side of the Cook house and about dark I wanted to bring it in as I had bin doing but the Neagro Sentinel would not let me cross his line So I went down threw the house and asked a nother one if I could cross his line and get my Bunk and he
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey M alone 53
Said yes so I cross and got my Bunk and the first Neagro did not see me. And when he found that the Bunk was gone he come to the house door and wanted to know where that man was that taken that Bunk And if he dident bring it back that he would come in there and Shoot him So then I had to go to the dor and he told me to bring that Bead back So I taken it back and could not get it any more untell I went and got the Lieut, of the Comisery to get it for me So you See this is the way we was treated by the Neagrows. B. Y. M.
The 15th of Sept was a beautyfull day And a general Stir among the Rebs the Dr. was getting up a load of Convalesant men to Send to Dixie. You could See men going to the Hospital to be examiond Some on Cruches and Some was not able to walk and would be Swinging a round others necks draging a long
They got a load of five hundred and Sent them out of the Prison we Surpose they will leave the 15th for Dixie The 19th received a Box of tobacco from my Father James B. Malone who resides in Caswell County North Carolina The 21st all Prisnors belonging to the Confederate Staits Navy was Parold at this place.
This Sunday the 25th of September and it is very coal I wrote home to day
The 26th 800 Prisnors arived at this point belonging to Erleys (Early) Comand captured clost to Winchester The knight of 26th Some one stold 5.45 in greenback from me
The 27th 500 more Prisnors arived here from the same Comand
The 28th the Yanks brought in three Negrows that they caught helping a Lady across the Potomac Some where be- tween here and Washington they brought them here and put them in Prison because they would not take the oath
The 30th I wrote to Bro. James
October 1864
The first day of October was cold and raney day The 3d 800 Prisnors arived here from Early's command captured at Fishers Hill Va. among them was James M Wells of Co H 6th N. C. Regt
54 James Sprunt Historical Publications
The 4th 100 more Prisnors com in Ther is about 10,000 Pris- nors here at this time last Summer ther was 15,000 here but Some was sent to Elmira N. Y.
The 7th was fasting and prayer day with ous for the reliece of all Prisnors
Today is the 8th and is very cold
The 13th was very cool And in the eavning 200 Rebs taken the Oath
The 15th I Sold the last of my Tobacco the Box brought me fifty five dollars and 70 cts
To day is the 16th And a beautyfull Sabath it is : the Boys in camp are all in a line wating to be inspected by Major A. G. Brady Provost Marshall
To day is the 18th and Secretary Stanton has just past threw the Camp.
The 21st 200 Rebels arived here from the Valey captured Severl days ago.
The 24th they parold Severl Sick men Said to be 2000 to leave in a few days.
The 25th Some more prisnors come in from the Valey Said that 900 was capturd when they was
The 29th About 80 Rebs arived here they was capturd clost Petersburg Old Butler kept them at work on a Pond 8 days under the fire of our guns.
The 31st 600 more Rebs arived here capturd clost to Peters- burg
November 1864
The first of November was pritty w.eather.
The 7th whitch was just twelve months from the time I was captured was a raney day.
The 8th was election day for president Abraham Lincoln & George B. McClellan was candidates
The 9th was warm and cloudy and our Rations ar not a good as they was a year ago : And I See no chance for march- ing Soon.
B. Y. Malone.
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 55
The 18th of Nov. was a cold raney day Our men are not dying here like they have bin they onley avridge about too a day now The last of Nov. was pritty warm weather
December 1864
The first day of Dec was warm as Spring And the Yanks comenced building some littel plank houses covered with clouth for the Rebs to stay in
The 3d I paid 10 cets to go into a Concert that the Rebs had got up in camp it was a very good thing they performed in a bacon Cook-house.
The 4th which was the Sabath I went to meating at the School house Mr. Morgan lectured on the Parable of the Sower & in the eavning I was at the Same plaise and Mr. Carol preached a good Surmond from the later clause of the 2 virse 7 chapter of Amos : Theas was the words : By whom Shall Jacob arise : for he is small. After preaching was over the Sunday School classes met and thir teachers taken up the balance of the day in asking them questions and explaning the Scriptures to them We have white gard now for patroles in camp of knights the Neagros got so mean that the General would not alow them in Side of the Prison they got so when they would catch any of the men out Side of thir tents after taps they would make them doubble quick or jump on thir backs and ride them and some times they would make them get down on this knees and prey to God that they might have thir freadom and that his Soul might be sent to hell
To day is the 15th and it is cold looks very mutch like Snow we have had very coald weather for the last week we get Split Peas now to make Soups. Some day we get Bacon and some days Picle Pork and fresh Beef once a week
My health is very good at this time I weigh 155 lbs We have comenced drawing wood we get two smawl shoulder turns a day to a Company Each Company has 100 men
The 21st was a very cold raney day Brigadeer General Barnes in comand of the Point A. G. Brady is Provost Marchall Capt Barnes assistant Prov.
56 James Sprunt Historical Publications
The 24th was a beautyfull day I chopt wood in the morning at the cookhouse in the eavning I bought 3 apples and set in the Sun Shine by the Side of Sergt. A. P. Rudd tent & eat them. And then my Self Q. T. Anderson W. W. Murrie & W. F. Wells went up to the School house to a Debate but did not get in And then we went back to the Tent and found T. Y. Compton with a newspaper that he had bought and we spent the remainder of the day in reading it.
The 25th was Christmas day And a beautyfull one it was. But I had nothing Strong to drink and but little to eat I had Some loaf Bread fryed Meat & Corn Coffee for breakfast and for dinner I had a cup of Split Pea Soup.
In the eavning I went to the School house to meating Mr. Carrol preached his text was in Zachariah 15th chapt 7 virse After preaching I went to the Comisery and found that Mr. Walas had bet Mr. Barby five dollars that there was a man in Camp that could eat 5 lbs of Bacon and 3 Loafs of Bread each loaf weighing 2 lbs at one meal. When I left he had onley about 14 of a pound of Bacon and a half of a loaf of bread they Said he eat it all befour he quit. This man belonged to the 11th Ala : Regiment
The 26th was a raney day
The 27 & 28 was cloudy
The 29th was cold and cloudy & Snowed a little in the Eav- ning
The 30th was cold
The 31st was very cold and Snowed a littel evry now & then threw the day.
BARTLETT Y. MALONE'S BOOK
FOR THE YEAR 1865
The Month of January
The first day of January was very cold & the grown was coverd with Snow :
The 2d was cold and cloudy
The 3d it snowed a littel in the eavning
The 4th was very cold and the Snow was 3 inches deep
The 5th was warm and cloudy
The 6th my Self A. R. Moore James R. Aldridg Nathaniel Hooper & T. Y. Compton built us a hous out of cracker Boxes the house coust us $8.80 cts we bought a stove from the Sutlar the Stove coust us $8.00 the Stove and house totel $16.80.
The 15th was a beautyful Sabath & I went to meating & Mr. Newman preached from Psalms 8 ch. 4th Virse
The 17th it Snowed in the morning And about one thousen old men & littel Boys left for Dixie.
The 21st it rained and Sleated all day & a large Dixie mail came in one hudred & Sixty dollars worth of Due Letters :
The 22d was cold and cloudy & it was my birthday whitch made me 26 years old. And about 600 prysnors come in to day captured at Foat Fisher The men that came in Say that Gen- eral Whiten & Colonel Lamb was captured and also wounded After knight a Neagrow Sentnal Shot one of our men and kild him.
The 23d a large Dixie mail come in I got 2 letters from home & one from Bro. Jim.
The 28th was clear but the coldest day we have had this winter there was a man froze to death in the 5th Division after knight.
The 29th was the Sabath I went to meating with Mr. Athy preached
The 30th & 31st was pritty warm days.
58 James Sprunt Historical Publications
February 1865
The first of Feb. was warm And 500 Rebels come in cap- tured clost Atlanta Ga.
The 4th all men belonging to Kentuckey Missouri Louisina Tennasee & Arkansas was cauld to go to Dixie.
They Still cauld on the 5 & 6th.
The 17th all prisnors captured at Gettersburg was cauld out.
The 18th the Gettersburg Prisnors left for Dixie.
The 21st all Prisnor capturd at Rappahanoc Station was cauld we all went out and Signed the Parole and was put in the Parole Camp and staid there most all the 24th then we was put on the Steamer George Leary we got to Fortress Monroe about dark And then run as far as Hampton Roads and there we staid all night Started next morning at light which was the 25 got to Acorns Landing about 10 Oclock which was about 12 miles from Richmond on the James River we then marched from there to Camp Lea we got to Camp Lea about dark We then Staid at Camp Lea untell the 27 when we wen over to Camp Winder.
March 1865
The 2 day of March I got my Furlough the 3 they paid me 12 months wages which was 237.00.
Went down to Richmond got on the cars about 6 O'clock in the Eavning
The 4th I got to Barksdale Depot about 10 in the morning, got off at Barksdale marched to the Road house by dark Eat Supper with Mr. Hanrick marched on 2 miles further and Staid all night with Mr. Moss. Left early next morning which was the 5th eat Breakfast at Mr. Maxtons got home about 1 O'clock in the Eavning. B. Y. Malone.
B. Y. Malone was borned in the year of our Lord 1838 rased and graduated in the Corn field & Tobacco And inlisted in the war June the 18th 1861 And was a member of the Caswell Boys which was comanded by Capt Mitchel And 25 was attatched to. the 6th N. C. Regt. which was comd by Coin Fisher who got kiled at the first Manassas fight which was fought July the 21st
The Diary of Bartlett Yancey Malone 59
1861. They was comanded by W. D. Pender mitell the Seven Pine fight which was fought the 30th day of May 62 Col. Pender then was promoted to Brigadier General Then Capt. I. E. Avry of Co. E. was promoted to Lieut Colonel who comanded untell the Battel of Gettysburg where he was kild which fought the 2d day of July 1865.
Major R. F. Webb was then promoted to Col. who comanded untell we was done at the Rapahanock Bridg the 7th of Nov. 1863. Our Regt when was captured belonged to General Hooks Brigard Earlys Division Ewels Corps Leas Armey.
B. Y. Malone.
THE PROVINCIAL AGENTS OF NORTH CAROLINA
BY SAMUEL JAMES ERVIN, JR.
THE PROVINCIAL AGENTS OF NORTH CAROLINA
A great obstacle to a successful and peaceful government in North Carolina prior to the year 1748 was the lack of a medium in England through which the representatives of the people in the General Assembly could make known to the Crown and to the home authorities the needs, circumstances and desires of their constituents. This hindrance could be removed only by the appointment of an agent to represent and transact the busi- ness of the province at the various government boards in Eng- land. Colonel Saunders sums up the duties and responsibilities of such an agent admirably when he remarks :
To appreciate the importance of the agent's position it must be remembered that the Crown had the right to pass upon all the acts of the Legislature, and to repeal or "disallow" such as might for any reason seem inexpedient. The proceedings in the case were, in brief, as follows, viz : The act was, in the first instance, sent by the Governor to the Secretary of State for America, by whom it was laid before the Lords of the Board of Trade and by them referred to the Reporting Counsel to the Board, to consider and report whether or not the King ought to be advised to assent to it. In practice, the fate of the act depended very much upon the report of the Counsel, who, in turn, was very much guided by the impressions he received as to the circumstances under which the Provincial Assembly passed the act, the evils it was intended to remedy, and the manner in which it was intended to operate. All these things the agent, from his knowledge of affairs in the Province, would be able to explain to the Counsel, and in many ways not merely prevent unfavorable misapprehen- sions on the part of the Counsel, but to lead his opinion to a report favorable to the wishes of the Province. With the report of their Counsel, the act came back to the Board of Trade where it was considered, after notifying the agent to attend in all mat- ters of consequence. With the report of the Board of Trade the act then went to the Lords of the Privy Council, upon whose final report its fate depended. These great officers also sought their information in the premises not from private individuals, but from these Provincial Agents, and without some person being
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in England in that capacity in behalf of a Province, its affairs "slept." Memorials, addresses, petitions and such like papers passed through his hands. Every opening for the encouragement of the trade of the Province, it was his business to improve it, and equally so to endeavor to obviate any scheme that might hurt it, and hence it was his duty to keep posted as to the inten- tions of Government and of Parliament, all of which involved much labor of various kinds and great responsibility. In a word, the agent was to the colony what the ambassador was to a foreign country. Now, from the very nature of the duties of the agent, it is apparent that he was intended to be the representative not of the Governor, but of the opposition, so that the authorities "at home" in England might get both sides of the questions presented to them. Otherwise, the representations made by the Governor would have decided matters.1
The first proposal that an agent should be appointed to repre- sent North Carolina in England was made by Governor Burring- ton in a speech to the Assembly in April, 1731. He declared that it was "absolutely necessary" to select an agent and arrange a regular salary for carrying on the public affairs of the province in England.2 Shortly afterwards he repeated his recommenda- tion.3 Burrington's efforts, however, came to naught and seven- teen years elapsed before the step was finally taken.
In October, 1748, the General Assembly passed a law called "An Act to appoint an Agent to solicit the Affairs of this Pro- vince at the several Boards in England. ' ' James Abercromby, of London, was chosen agent for a term of two years — from March 25, 1749, to March 25, 1751. He had already acted in this capa- city, for the act provides that "the said James Abercromby, Esq., in consideration of his trouble, charges and expenses, in trans- acting the public business of this Province, as agent, to this time, and until the twenty-fifth day of March, next ensuing, be and is hereby allowed the sum of one hundred pounds, sterling. ' ' This, however, was the first time that an agent was officially appointed to act during a fixed term. Abercromby was granted a salary of 50£, sterling, annually. A committee, whose duty it was to cor- respond with and direct and advise the agent, was also chosen.
1 Col. Rec, VI, vii-ix.
2 Col. Rec, III, 258.
3 Col. Rec, III, 280.
The Provincial Agents of North Carolina 65
The committee of correspondence, as it was called, was composed of Robert Halton and Eleazer Allen, of the Council, and Samuel Swann, John Starkey and John Swann, of the House of Com- mons. Whenever so ordered the committee should lay before the Governor, Council and Assembly the correspondence which had passed between it and the agent.4 The mere fact that such able and influential men served on the committee of correspondence proves the great importance and responsibility of the office of agent.
It having been "found very beneficial to the Province that a proper person should, by public authority, solicit and represent the affairs ' ' of the colony in England, and Abercromby 's term of office having expired, the Assembly of 1751 re-enacted the agency law of 1848 for a period of three years. Abercromby was retained as agent and James Hasell and John Dawson, of the Council, were selected to fill the vacancies in the committee of correspond- ence occasioned by the deaths of Halton and Allen. The yearly salary of 50£ had been found inadequate and was increased to 100£. The sum of 111£ 9s. and 2d. was allowed Abercromby as compensation for extraordinary expenses incurred during his first term.5
In 1754 the agency act was extended again for a period of three years.6 Upon the termination of Abercromby 's third term in 1757, the lower house was disinclined to appropriate any money for public services, for taxes were already very burden- some. Consequently no agent was appointed.7
It would be monotonous to enumerate all of Abercromby 's activities as agent. He performed several important services. When McCulloch, Morris, Corbin, Dobbs and others attacked Governor Johnston in 1749 and sought to compass his removal from the governorship, Abercromby successfully defended the Governor by cleverly delaying the proceedings before the Board of Trade.8 He produced strong arguments favorable to an im-
4 State Rec, XXIII, 303-304. 6 State Rec, XXIII, 362-363.
6 State Rec, XXIII, 399; State Rec, XXV, 266.
7 Col. Rec, V, 788-789, 928, 988.
8 Col. Rec, IV, 934-939, 942; Ashe, Hist, of N. C, 272.
66 James Sprunt Historical Publications
portant quit rent law passed by the Assembly, which Lamb, the Reporting Counsel to the Board of Trade, had disapproved. Altogether, he discharged the functions of his office in a most acceptable and efficient manner. In a letter to the Board of Trade, dated April 13, 1758, he informed the board that he was no longer agent for the colony and advised it to instruct the Governor to recommend to the Assembly the passage of an act to call in as much of the old paper currency as possible, to be paid off by the share of North Carolina in the grants which Parliament had made to reimburse the colonies for their appro- priations and aid in the war then being carried on against France and her Indian allies.10 The suggestion contained much wisdom, because the provincial currency was greatly depre- ciated in value.
The Parliamentary grants were two in number. The first was an appropriation of 200,000£, which was allotted to all of the colonies for distribution. The second amounted to 50,000£, which was to be distributed among the two Carolinas and Vir- ginia. In November, 1758, the Assembly convened and entered into a heated dispute with Governor Dobbs concerning the right to dispose of the share of the colony in the Crown's bounties. The house also contended that it had the right to name an agent and the committee of correspondence. The Assembly and the Governor were in utter disagreement.11
A bill was introduced at this session for the location of the seat of government at Tower Hill, near Stringer's Ferry, on the Neuse — a site which Dobbs had chosen — and for the erection of a state house, a secretary's office and a residence for the Gover- nor should he decide to reside there. Another bill which was introduced provided for the enlistment of three hundred soldiers to serve against the French, the bringing over in specie of the colony's share of the royal grants and putting the same into the custody of the provincial treasurers, and for the appointment of an agent. A committee of correspondence, composed entirely of
0 Col. Rec, V, 448-456.
10 Col. Rec, V, 928-929.
"Col. Rec, VI, x, 1-3; Ashe, Hist, of N. C, 294.
The Provincial Agents of North Carolina 67
members from the lower house, was named in the bill and Aber- cromby was to be the agent.12
The Governor regarded the first bill as a scheme to persuade him to give his assent to the second, and said that the lower house would even have paid his house rent and the expenses which he incurred in attending the Congress at Philadelphia in order to obtain his approval of it. Dobbs also charged several of the leaders of the house and the two treasurers with having arranged a plan whereby they would get ' ' our proportion of the sum which his Majesty had graciously recommended to Parlia- ment to reimburse the southern colonies, which they expected would be at least 15,000f , into their custody under the direction of the Assembly, which they ruled, and so apply it as they thought proper, without his Majesty or the Governor or the Council's interfering in it." Dobbs objected to the bill on the ground that it was an encroachment upon the rights of the Governor and Council, and not in conformity to the powers of the Assembly. He thought it improper and illegal to tack on the aid bill the sections dealing with the appointment of an agent and with the royal grants. He desired, however, to have the bill locating the capitol at Tower Hill enacted. The mem- bers of the Assembly declared that the bill which Dobbs wished to pass should not pass unless the other bill went "hand and glove" with it.13
Being determined to defeat the one and to pass the other, Dobbs resorted to a very clever stratagem. He instructed his followers in the Council not to oppose the aid bill, except in some insignificant matters of amendment until it had passed the third reading in the house and had been sent to the upper house for ratification. When both bills had passed the third reading in the house, he made it clear to the members of the Council that he desired the aid bill defeated by saying that he ' ' wanted their advice whether to pass a bill of an extraordinary nature which affected his Majesty's prerogative and the rights of the Gover- nor and Council," and which was contrary to the instructions
12 Col. Rec, V, 1087; Col. Rec, VI, 1-3.
13 Col. Rec, VI, 1-3.
68 James Sprunt Historical Publications
which he had received from the authorities in England. The strategy succeeded. The bill locating the capitol at Tower Hill was passed, but the Council, under Dobbs' influence, deferred action on the aid bill for several days, by which time the Gover- nor was to prorogue the Assembly. Governor Dobbs described the result in this manner :
Upon this disappointment the lower house were all in a flame, the managers being greatly disappointed, and represented to me that there must be a dissolution unless the upper house would resume the bill, desiring I would speak to the Council to revoke their resolution and pass the bill.
The Governor, of course, declined to interfere. He agreed to join with the house in recommending that the money already due Abercromby for his services as agent be paid out of the Parliamentary grants.14 Thereupon the lower house appointed James Abercromby its own agent for two years with an annual salary of 150£, to be paid out of the colony's portion of the 50,000£ bounty. Sam Swann, Thomas Barker, John Starkey, George Moore and John Ashe, all members of the house, were appointed committee of correspondence. The house adopted an address congratulating the Crown upon the victories won from the French and praying that a part of the sum allotted North Carolina should be used in establishing free schools in each county. Then Dobbs prorogued the Assembly.15
At its next sitting the council chose Samuel Smith, of Lon- don, Dobbs' private attorney, as agent.16 The province now had two agents, neither of whom legally occupied the office. An agent appointed by one house only lacked authority and was unable to represent the colony as it ought to have been repre- sented.
In the spring of 1759, urgent calls for troops were made upon Governor Dobbs, for the army in the North stood in dire need of re-enforcements. Dobbs called the Assembly to meet at New- bern on the 8th of May.17 The house almost immediately passed
14 Col. Rec, VI, 2-3; Ashe, Hist, of N. C, 295.
16 Col. Rec, VI, 2-3, 9, 76; Ashe, Hist, of N. C, 295.
10 Col. Rec, VI, 77.
"Ashe, Hist, of N. C, 295.
The Provincial Agents of North Carolina 69
an aid bill similar to the one defeated by Dobbs at the pre- ceding session. The forces of the province were to be increased to three hundred men, exclusive of officers. An aid of 6,000£ was to be granted for enlisting and maintaining this force, and Abercromby was to be appointed agent. He was to present documents to the English government showing the expense North Carolina had been at in affording assistance against the enemy. Upon being properly bonded, Abercromby was to receive from the English authorities the portion of the 50,000£ grant assigned to the province and transmit the same to the provincial treasurers after deducting the sum due him for previous services and so much as might be necessary to defray the cost of insurance and shipment to the treasurers of the colony. The committee of cor- respondence was to be composed entirely of members of the lower house.18 The council wished to amend the bill by elimi- nating the sections which dealt with the appointment of an agent. The house refusing to agree to the amendment, the coun- cil declined to pass the bill and the session was adjourned with- out any measures having been passed.10
The Board of Trade disagreed with Dobbs in most of the positions which he took in the controversy with the house. Al- though it could not do otherwise than approve of his having de- feated the bill, the Board informed Dobbs that the aid bill did not lessen the Crown's prerogative to the extent he feared. The Board affirmed the contentions of the lower house that the As- sembly had the right to appropriate the funds granted the pro- vince by Parliament and that it had the inherent right to name the agent. Though it saw no reason for disapproving the bill in its abstract principles, the Board ruled that the appointment of an agent, being separate from the aid bill, ought to have been provided for in a separate act and that the committee of cor- respondence should have been composed of members of both houses.20
A new Assembly was called to meet in April, 1760. The chief purpose for calling this meeting was to have an aid bill passed
18 Col. Rec, VI, 37-38, 102-103.
19 Ashe, Hist, of N. C, 295.
20 Col. Rec, VII, 54-55.
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so that the province might afford assistance in the military cam- paigns then being planned. In his speech to the Assembly the governor recommended the election of an agent to receive and remit the share of the colony in the grants of the Crown.21 Owing to the failure of the governor and the Assembly to agree upon a suitable law establishing courts, there had been no courts in the province for several months and much disorder had arisen in Edgecombe, Halifax and Granville Counties. Being anxious to pass a law establishing and regulating courts, the Assembly determined not to pass an aid bill until an act creating superior courts should be passed. Dobbs was equally resolved not to let the house have its way.22
The quarrel waxed warmer. On May 23, the house went into a committee of the whole and resolved that if any member should make known to any person the remarks of any member in any debate or proceeding in the house, he should be expelled from his seat as being unworthy of it. In this secret session, the Assem- bly adopted twenty resolutions setting forth the arbitrary con- duct of the governor. An address to the Crown was drawn up complaining of abuses perpetrated by the governor, describing the unsatisfactory conditions prevalent in the province and declaring that Dobbs' influence over the council had prevented the colony from having an agent in England. The address as- serted that the real cause for the council's rejection of the aid bill of the last session and of the governor's displeasure with it was that it did not name as agent Dobbs' private attorney, Mr. Smith.23
Being brought to reason by the drastic action of the As- sembly, Dobbs promised to assent to a court law which should not be in force for more than two years unless ratified by the Crown provided the Assembly passed an aid bill. The court bill received the assent of the governor, but being dissatisfied with some of the provisions of the aid bill and deeming it no longer necessary, Dobbs refused to give his assent to it.24 It seems that
21 Col. Rec, VI, 347.
22 Col. Rec, VI, 408-409; Ashe, Hist, of N. C, 287-298.
23 Col. Rec, VI, 409-415.
24 Ashe, Hist, of N. C, 298-299.
The Provincial Agents of North Carolina 71
Robert Jones, a lawyer, was selected as agent in the defeated aid bill.25
A.t the same time the council refused to approve a bill naming Abercromby agent.26 Thereupon the Assembly chose Anthony Bacon, a merchant of London.27 The council declined to sanc- tion this selection and asked that five of its members be put upon the committee of correspondence. It was also requested that all business to be transacted with the agent must be approved by three members of the committee from each house. Upon the refusal of the house to amend the bill as proposed, the council rejected it.2S
The house appointed Bacon as its agent for a term of two years and resolved "that Samuel Swann, John Starkey, George Moore and John Ashe, or any three of them" constitute the committee of correspondence.29
Dobbs postponed the meeting of the Assembly until Septem- ber. The beginning of hostilities between the Cherokees and the frontiersmen rendered it imperative to call the meeting in mid- summer. In this emergency measures were taken for the de- fense of the colony.30 The council tabled a bill providing for the appointment of an agent.31
At the next session of the Assembly, which was held in No- vember, 1760, the house addressed the governor saying :
We flatter ourselves, had we been so fortunate as to have had the concurrence of the other branches of the legislature in pass- ing a law (more than once attempted) for appointing an agent in London, who might have produced proper documents of our expenses and represented our duty and zeal for his Majesty's service (considering our circumstances), in their true light to his Majesty's ministers, we should have been in expectation of partaking of his Majesty's royal grace and favour out of the first 200,000£ granted by Parliament to the colonies, and of
25 Col. Rec, VI, 297.
20 Col. Rec, VI, 423, 424.
27 Col. Rec, VI, 429.
28 Col. Rec, VI, 423-424.
29 Col. Rec, VI, 436.
30 Ashe, Hist, of N. C, 301.
21 Col. Rec, VI, 444.
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which Virginia has received 20,546£ as her proportion exclusive of 32,268£ and 19s. out of the 50,000£ grant ; whereas the whole coming to this Province is not more than 7,789£ Is. Id. sterling ; and even out of which, there is a demand of 1,000£, as j^our Excellency informs us, that was advanced by Lord Loudoun, and Mr. Shirley, to pay the forces at New York notwithstanding a sufficient fund raised by this Province ; and therefore we can- not help being of opinion that the small part of his Majesty's royal bounty coming to this Colony is apparently owing to the want of an agent to represent our dutiful behaviour to his Majesty and his ministers.32
The fact that North Carolina did not have an agent in Eng- land was due to Dobbs' defeat of the various aid bills whereby an agent would have been appointed. North Carolina had ex- pended about 66,000£ in assisting in waging the war. More than half of this amount had been spent for services outside the pro- vince and the colony had justly expected to receive a consider- able amount of the royal grants. Dobbs' persistent refusal to concur in the appointment of an agent resulted in great financial loss to the colony.33
Following the address of the house to the governor, both houses passed an act which granted an aid for operations against the enemy and appointed Bacon agent to lay before the English authorities documents showing the expense the colony had in- curred in the war.34 This act was disapproved of by the gover- nor. He adjourned the Assembly for two days that it might reconsider and expunge the "foreign" clauses and name an agent who would not be objectionable to him. This advice was accompanied by a threat to dissolve the Assembly.35
In a committee of the whole, the house resolved that the naming of an agent was its inherent right and that the appoint- ment of an agent at that time, even if inserted in an aid bill, was not inconsistent with the services of the Crown. An address was presented to Dobbs in which these resolutions were reiter-
32 Col. Rec, VI, 477.
33 Col. Rec, VI, ix-x.
34 Col. Rec, VI, 463. 36 Col. Rec, VI, 515.
The Provincial Agents of North Carolina 73
ated and in which the house stated that its members regretted that the governor's private resentment against whomever it named as agent should frustrate all efforts to unite with Vir- ginia and South Carolina in an attack upon the Cherokees. The house refused to strike Bacon's name out of the bill.30 The bill was re-introduced and passed the third reading in each house, but did not become law because Dobbs dissolved the Assembly before it was presented for his approval.37 The dangers of an Indian invasion had ceased by this time.38
The new Assembly convened at Wilmington in March, 1761, and upbraided the governor for his defeat of the aid bill and for not calling the Assembly to meet at a more convenient place.39 Both sides, however, were now willing to yield something in order to accomplish their respective ends.
A bill appropriating 20,000£, proclamation money, for the enlistment and support of five hundred soldiers and naming Cuchet Jouvencal, of Westminister, England, agent was passed. John Swann, Lewis deRossett, and Maurice Moore, of the coun- cil, and Samuel Swann, John Ashe, John Starkey, Cornelius Harnett and Francis Corbin, of the house, were appointed to constitute the committee of correspondence.40 The house re- frained from selecting Bacon merely to obtain the assent of the governor.41 The council advised Dobbs to assent to the act and having done so, the governor dissolved the Assembly.42
Meanwhile the Board of Trade informed Dobbs that he had no right to interfere in the nomination of an agent by the As- sembly and that although naming an agent in the aid bill which he had rejected at the last session was irregular, the necessity of the times rendered the irregularity too trivial a reason for rejecting a law which would have been beneficial to the Crown and to the province.43
Sir Matthew Lamb, Reporting Counsel to the Board, criticised
30 Col. Rec, VI, 515-517.
37 Col. Rec, VI, 518-519.
38 Ashe, Hist, of N. C, 301. 30 Ashe, Hist, of N. C, 302.
40 State Rec, XXIII, 539-541.
41 Col. Rec, VI, 692.
42 Col. Rec, VI, 633-634, 694.
43 Col. Rec, VI, 539.
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the tacking on to the aid bill of the clauses nominating Jouvencal agent as being irregular.44 Thereupon the Board instructed Dobbs to recommend the appointment of an agent in a separate bill when Jouvencal 's term should expire.45
At the session early in 1764, John Starkey introduced a bill to continue the agency of Jouvencal for eighteen months, but the quarrel between the two houses concerning the membership of the correspondence committee caused the failure of the measure.40 By their own authority the house appointed Jou- vencal its agent and named as committee of correspondence John Ashe, John Starkey, Cornelius Harnett, Francis Corbin and Maurice Moore.47
Later in the year the Assembly made another effort to have an agent appointed with the concurrence of the governor and council. Thomas Barker, an eminent resident of the colony, was chosen by the house, but the council substituted another person in his place.4S When the lower house reinserted the name of Thomas Barker in the bill, the council rejected it.49 The As- sembly took vengeance on the council by refusing to appropriate 1,000£ to pay Samuel Smith who had been named as agent of the province by the governor and the council in 1759. The house correctly decided that Smith had never been the agent of the province.50
The inability of the different branches of the government to agree upon the choice of an agent had already worked much woe to the affairs of the province before the governmental authori- ties of England. The council and the governor were in the wrong, for the Board of Trade had declared that the power of naming an agent was vested in the Assembly. It seems that the Board of Trade recognized the agents appointed solely by the house during the time of the quarrel.
In May, 1765, the house refused to submit to the council the
"Col. Rec, VI, 748.
45 Col. Rec, VI, 702-703.
46 Col. Rec, VI, 1134, 1136, 1137, 1214. « Col. Rec, VI, 1214.
48 Col. Rec, VI, 1287-1288.
*° Col. Rec, VI, 1240.
00 Col. Rec, VI, 1251-1252, 1313, 1316-1317.
The Provincial Agents of North Carolina 75
letters and papers which it had received from Jouvencal since the last sitting of the legislature. Governor Tryon wrote the Board of Trade that the Assembly's agent ought not to be recognized by the Board unless the house would permit some members of the council to serve on the correspondence com- mittee.51
The Assembly continued the agency of Jouvencal for one year.52 The Board of Trade accepted Tryon 's advice and no member of the council having been placed upon the committee of correspondence, refused to recognize the agent. No agent was appointed from this time until 1768. 53
The gist of the quarrel was that the council denied the Assembly the right of naming the agent, while the house refused to allow the council a proper share in the committee of corre- spondence.
In 1767, Henry Eustace McCulloch, a member of the council then residing in England, offered his services as agent to the colony.54
An attempt to elect an agent early in the following year failed.55
Towards the end of the year, the house, by a resolve appoint- ed McCulloch agent with John Harvey, Joseph Montfort, Samuel Johnston, Joseph Hewes and Edward Vail as the corre- spondence committee.56
Parliament having adopted the plan of taxing the colonies to help raise funds to pay the war debt, the Assembly drew up an address protesting against such taxation. In writing to McCul- loch, the committee of correspondence characterized Parliamen- tary taxation as "totally unconstitutional and destructive of the natural right of mankind. ' ' McCulloch was instructed to assure the king, the ministry and Englishmen in general of the loyalty of North Carolina to the Crown, to present the address of the Assembly to the king, to cooperate with the agents of other
51 Col. Rec, VI, 107.
62 Col. Rec, VI, 60, 87.
63 Ashe. Hist, of N. C, 312.
54 Col. Rec, VII, 517-518.
55 Col. Rec, VII, 641. 66 Col. Rec, VII, 973.
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colonies in obtaining the repeal of the act imposing internal taxes on America and to work for the repeal of the law of Parliament which forbade the colonies to issue paper money.57 Samuel Johnston considered the address too submissive and with Joseph Hewes declined to serve on the committee of corre- spondence.58
The dissatisfaction among the people on the frontier of the province resulted in the formation of the Regulation movement. In October, 1769, in a petition to the legislature setting forth their grievances, the Regulators of Anson County asked that "Doctor Benjamin Franklin or some other known patriot" be appointed agent of the colony in England.59
McCulloch informed the Assembly that its address had reach- ed its destination and that he would gladly carry out the in- structions given him.60
Tryon was authorized to sanction the appointment of an agent elected by both houses to represent the affairs of the pro- vince before the authorities in England. The critical relations subsisting between the colonies and the mother country ren- dered it necessary that an agent should be appointed in such a manner as to give him unmistakable authority. Otherwise, the interests of the colony would be doomed to delay and disap- pointment.01
In the autumn of 1769, the two houses appointed H. E. McCulloch agent for a term of two years with an annual salary of 200£ sterling. Lewis Henry de Rossett, Alexander McCul- loch and Robert Palmer, of the council, and John Harvey, Joseph Montfort, Edward Vail, John Campbell and Benjamin Harvey, of the house, were selected as the committee of correspondence.62 Tryon approved the act.63
Late in 1771, McCulloch was re-appointed for an additional term of two years and the committee of correspondence was com-
57 Col. Rec, VII, 877-879.
68 Ashe, Hist, of N. C, 347-348.
69 Col. Rec, VIII, 78.
60 Col. Rec, VIII, 55-57.
01 Col. Rec, VII, 868.
02 State Rec, XXV, 518.
03 Col. Rec, VIII, 151.
The Provincial Agents op North Carolina
77
posed of members from both houses.04 McCulloch was the last agent to represent the colony in the mother country. Being familiar with the situation in the province and in England, he was well qualified to render the colony much service. This he did.
As we have seen, the office of agent was of vast importance and responsibility. The constant bickering between the lower house and the governor and between the house and the council resulted in much loss and damage to the interests of the pro- vince in England.
64 State Rec, XXIII, 854.
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